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Sport floor
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Floors for indoor sport venues
Synthetic running tracks and playing areas for outdoor facilities
Products & Fields of Application • Norms & Regulations
Recommendations
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Stadiaworld
Sport floor
Imprint:
Content:
Indoor sport floors: Robust and diverse
An indoor floor must fulfil norms, be suitable for sports and be used intensively over a long period with
at the same time requiring low maintenance. This does not cover all criteria.
3
The substructure: Decisive for the elasticity
The visible part of the sport floor is only the surface of a multi layered system. The type of substructure
provides for important sport functional characteristics.
6
Overview of facts: Indoor sport halls
7
10 steps towards a successful investment: This is how you choose the right sports floor
8
Parquet: Wood combines an elegant appearance with sport functional characteristics
10
Linoleum: The modern multipurpose venue classic
12
PVC: Floor from a roll for permanent fitting or mobile use
14
Outside the norm: Special solutions for fitness centers
14
PUR coating: Individual adjustable sport floor from one mould
15
Rubber: The versatile rubber floor
17
Cleaning and maintenance of halls
Every indoor sports flooring has low-maintenance but it must be treated according to guidelines with
special agents. Special machines help with maintenance care and intensive measures.
18
Mobile sport floors and covers
Playing areas can be installed in a short space of time nearly anywhere if there is a level ground.
19
Norms, rules, certificates
The construction and inspections are subject to DIN and other standards which ensure the functionality
and safety of modern sport floors
22
Playing areas: Dimensions and marking
Only the lining makes floor a playing area where sport can be played according to its rules and
competition regulations
24
Tennis courts
Tennis courts set very specific requirements for the floors they are played on. Which surface is chosen
depends very much on different factors which vary from country to country as their preferences vary
26
Track and court surfaces for outdoor facilities
The cinder of bygone days makes way for synthetic.
29
New Standards for The Caribbean:
Class 1 track in the Hasely Crawford Stadium in Trinidad and Tobago
32
Cleaning and maintenance in the outdoor area
The maintenance catalogue should not be neglected in facilities with synthetic tracks
33
„It is a huge mistake not to consult an expert”
Interview with Siegfried Pohl, expert for planning and construction of sports facilities
34
The sports facility: Planning, operation, concepts
A sports facility must not comply with conventional standards. Clever concepts can increase capacity.
Where damages occur reconstruction is usually necessary
37
Sample calculation: Building costs for a track and field facility
39
Supplier index
41
Publisher
Stadiaworld® | Stadionwelt®
Thomas Krämer (V.i.S.d.P)
Schloßstraße 23
50321 Brühl
Germany
Tel.: +49 2232 5772-0
Fax: +49 2232 5772-11
www.stadiaworld.com
business@stadionwelt.de
Editors / Concept:
Ingo Partecke
Ganesh Pundt
Editorial Assistance:
Sven Heimes
Christopher Pauer
Jan Prümper
Layout:
Roman Jahn
Nicolas Quensell
Kilian Schlang
Translation:
Dalvir Singh
Cover photos:
Forbo, BSW GmbH,
Stadiaworld, AH-Polysport
© 2012 Stadiaworld®
The photo and text materials which have been provided by Stadionwelt are
protected by copyright. All
rights reserved. Reproduction only allowed with the
permission of the copyright
holder. Companies are
solely responsible for their
company presentations in
the supplier index (particularly for photos, drawings,
texts etc.) as illustrated.
Stadionwelt creates the
presentations on behalf of
the respective company.
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
A sport floor must be durable and also have a good shock absorption. Photos: Stadiaworld
Indoor sport floors: Robust and diverse
An indoor floor must fulfil norms, be suitable for sports and be used intensively over
a long period with at the same time requiring low maintenance. This does not cover
all criteria.
T
he majority of indoor sports facilities
are multi-purposed built. With high
levels of use by several sports for
training and competition the core issue
revolves around the floor which is the precondition for enabling sport to take place
and potentially offering other areas of
use. Undoubtedly infrastructure such as
dressing rooms, lighting, sport equipment
and impact protection walls is important
but without a sports functional floor it will
not be possible to provide the essential ingredient for people of all ages: Promotion
of movement and health, learn and train
complex moves and techniques with the
aim of enjoyment and satisfaction.
Until the mid 1930s the idea of a floor
being developed for sport purposes was
an unheard concept. By then linoleum
was popular and wood floors made of
simple boards all the way to parquet were
also being used. At this time though one
had very little knowledge of what effects
a floor could have on the body particularly
for young children and what potential long
term effects it may have. Over the decades research, authorities and sport itself
started dealing with these complex issues more closely. One of the areas was
looking at developing appropriate sport
shoes which had so far not been looked
at in any detail. Even today a number of
issues are subject of heated discussion
which often cannot be separated from
the economic interests of the manufacturers. Some of the contentious points in
regards to sport floors are the test procedures in accordance with DIN and sense
of anti shock elements in sport shoes.
One of the most important requirements
for sport floors in multipurpose arenas today is to ensure the reduction of potential
injuries and protecting the joints. Beyond
this there is a need to strike the right
balance for a number of different sports
which include the the ball movement, slip
resistance, firmness and further factors
which are mainly connected to the elastic state of the ground. Another issue is
the suitability for wheels to be used on
the floor as common in roller hockey or
wheelchair sports as well as whether telescopic stand and other vehicles can be
moved on such a surface.
3
Everything taken care of
The operators of indoor sport facilities
whether they are local authorities,
clubs, associations or other organisation have an interest in using the venue
for further purposes which may include meetings, festivities and cultural
events including concerts. In many cases the indoor sports hall is the largest
place in the town for public gatherings.
As will be explained in more detail later
on DIN 18032 is the most important
set of rules. It determines requirements and inspections for construction
and facilities for indoor sport halls as
well as what rooms and spaces are
needed to cater for sport and multipurpose use. DIN 18032-1 deals with the
planning, DIN V 18032-2 (preliminary
standards, current issue 2001) defines the requirements for sport floors,
their complete composition as well as
inspection.
The other parts deal with topics such
a partition curtains, protection against
flying balls, pull out stands and sport 
Stadiaworld
equipment. DIN 18365 is applicable for
all work carried out on sport floors.
Every chapter with norms takes you to
another bunch topics with norms such
as fire safety issues must be considered
and due to the increased awareness of
environmental and health issues an emphasis is placed on reducing the potential use of dangerous components. We are
surrounded by a range of plastic products
in our daily life including in the health sector and food intake. The actual proportion of sport floors on the overall negative impact caused by emissions will be
very low. Compared to daily car journeys
made by people going to work is just one
of many examples which illustrates that
people subject themselves to far greater
emissions each day.
Another aspect which must be viewed
with much more caution is the claims
made by products on their environmental
credentials. Even if a surface is declared
to be recyclable then this does not automatically mean that in practice it will end
up in the value chain. Just considering
the fact that glue will remain stuck on the
surface will always make such procedures not economically viable and difficult
to implement. Even so environmental certificates have a legitimate function and
the verified manufacturing procedures as
well as proof of used components help
protect the consumer. In addition to this
they also regulate the market and the
high German standards halt dubious foreign products from being imported.
Finally a selection criterion for a sport
floor system could be whether it is possible to integrate a floor heating. Developers also have an eye on noise emissions which are caused by their products
and which also includes impact sound
absorption. Further points such as the
electrostatic charge as well as hygienic
aspects („bakteriostats“) are given regard to and the floor should avoid unwanted light reflections which may affect athletes, spectators and cameras. All laid
out criteria must match which desired
requirements of great durability.
Sport floor
Multipurpose built: Fixed installed running track and temporary handball arena in one venue Photo: Stadiaworld
ceptions though for sports which involve
wheels (e.g. inline skating, roller hockey
or wheelchair sports) and certain floors
are totally unsuitable. The name „double
sprung floor“ may also be misleading that
the structure is particularly comfortable.
In actual fact from all types of sport floor
this one offers the lowest shock absorption and is not suitable for ball sports
and gymnastics for young and senior age
groups.
There will be no sport floor system that is
able to cover all potential areas of use.
The market though does offer a num- 
The right choice
The characteristics of a floor are set out
in great detail in a catalogue of rules
but also the manufacturers are very focused on providing a range of information. When searching for the hall‘s most
suitable product any interested party will
be confronted with a number of chart
overviews which the providers use to list
which products have what characteristics
and for what type of sport they are used
for- The majority of floors can be used
without hesitation for all sports and are
suitable for all age groups. There are ex-
Multipurpose arena with mobile floor on the ice covering 4
Photo: Stadiaworld
Stadiaworld
ber of products that can be used for a
large number of requirements.
Any owner should not be put off by the
huge amount of choice. The standards
and certificates provide the assurance that only top quality is on offer. One
should spend some time on precisely
outlining the intended use and to consult
an expert who can take you through the
different processes. For laymen it is virtually impossible to distinguish between
the many available products and this particularly applies to the various characteristics of substructures.
Future operators of indoor sports facilities and those involved in the planning
must carefully do their homework and
determine what the actual use of the venue is going to be in the future. If a focus
is to be placed on one or several sports
it makes sense to consider this in the
product selection process. The set standards are given regard to in the tender
and consultation discussions with the
expert planner. An expert with extensive
knowledge will straight away know how to
classify the project and provide the best
set of options. It can definitely help in the
decision making process to view with representatives of the respective sport reference objects that are fitted the desired
system. As far as the operational concept
includes the option of hosting international competitive events which require special floor systems then an expert planner
will develop appropriate solutions. The
concepts will vary from ensuring that the
selected floor system meets the standards set by international associations
or going for mobile solutions that can be
Sport floor
put when needed over the existing floor.
As multipurpose arena will also be used
for cultural events such as parties and
concerts it is important not forget this
in regards to the floor. The greatest error
that one could make with such as project
is that the usage concept is flawed. If you
make sure all eventualities are considered in the planning process you will avoid
this danger.
Is the cheaper solution also the
most economical one?
Often public construction contracts will
be awarded to the cheapest offer made in
the tender process and private investors
will take a similar view when comparing
the numbers. Despite this one should
beyond the cost and not view the whole
issue from a short term perspective. A
good quality sport floor will have a durability of more than a couple of decades.
In order to reach such a long time span
it is necessary to adhere to maintenance
guidelines. Furthermore the floor has to
be laid by professional experts and in
accordance with all regulations. Taking
into account that such an investment is
made for decades no client will look to
make savings by opting for questionable
imported products and not skilled craftsmen. Experts point to the issue that in
many cases these works are carried out
over the summer break and during these
periods many firms will struggle to cope
with demand and often not have enough
qualified personnel. This is just another
reason to look beyond the number in the
offer but also have a more detailed look
Only expert work by specialists will guarantee durability at the references of the provider and their
level of efficiency and performance.
Other countries, other customs
Finally it is necessary to state that the German market very differs from its neighbors
or countries across the globe. In many different countries there are varied traditions
in regards to the choice of surfaces and
to a certain extent this also applies to the
substructure. This is also influenced by the
strong positioning of individual manufacturers in this sector which also have an extensive sales network and can draw on their
great depth of knowledge. Linoleum has a
75 percent market share in Germany. It is
without doubt a proven and excellent product as else it would not have been able to
establish itself so widespread. Many public
projects tend to go for systems which they
have seen in neighboring towns and have
been evaluated positively there.
In other countries the market shares can
be totally different in respect to the different types of products used. Companies
which operate globally struggle to establish their products in markets which
have different traditions. Clients may
show interest but often in the end will opt
for the well known choice and keep an
open mind for developments of alternative products for the future
None of the presented types of floors
can be seen as exotic. Whether parquet,
linole¬um, PUR surface, PVC or rubber
– all have been developed to meet the
requirements of sport, are in accordance
with rules and regulations, certified and

in practice have proven their worth.
Photo: SpoTec GmbH
5
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
Complete elastic substructure and a sprung floor construction for parquet Photos: HARO
The substructure: Decisive for the
elasticity
The visible part of the sport floor is only the surface of a multi layered system. The
type of substructure provides for important sport functional characteristics.
T
he surface of a sport floor which is
referred to as the top layer actually
is the smallest component of the
entire system and only has a strength of
2 mm (PVC/PUR), 3.2 mm (Linoleum) or
about 8 mm (parquet). This layer must
be looked at separately as it is chosen
independently from the other components needed for a sport floor system. In
some instances the different layers may
be provided by two manufacturers as they
may each specialize in certain types of
materials.
In order to lay down a sport floor the requirement is that a suitable dry subfloor
has been put down in accordance with
DIN rules. This could be a concrete floor
including bitumen as a moisture barrier
and screed. This is the basis from which
the sport floor manufacturer can start
their work. The further composition will
depend upon the fact whether a underfloor heating (in accordance with DIN
18560-2 and DIN EN 1264-2) is to be included or not. Most sport floors are compatible with such a heating system but
it requires insulation on the dry subfloor.
On these thermal components with heat
conduction plates and embedded pipes
are placed as a next layer and on top of
this sheet metal plates for heat distribution are spread out. In some cases a
further sheet will be laid down as a cover.
From this point the actual sport floor system starts. A fully covered elastic layering comprising of an elastic layer (to
about 15 mm), or in the case of a sprung
floor an elastic plywood structure, a load
distribution plate (about 12 mm), possibly made of combined elastic foam component (around 10 mm) and the top layer
(around 2 – 8 mm). If one opts for a more
classic higher built spring support construction then the slatted frames assume
the function of an elastic layer.
Especially in multipurpose arenas it is
necessary to ensure that various sport
equipment such as goals, net poles or
gymnastic apparatuses can be securely
fixed to the floor. Floor openings though
neither must nor alter the characteristics
of the floor system in any substantial way.
One approach is to include equipment
sleeves with their coverings even in load
distribution plates. The sleeve covers
inside the top layer must fix within this
surface. It is not possible to use handles
and these are removed with siphons.
Elastic is not always elastic
The type of system directly on a substructure or on a heating will determine
the future sport functional characteristics of the entire construction. DIN
18032-2 distinguishes between four
types of sport floors: area elastic, point
elastic, combined elastic and mixed elastic. Sport floor experts can provide important help in this process. Depending
on the operational concept a floor system implemented for a sports hall can
be perfectly suited for multifunctional
use but at the same time totally unsuited for certain scenarios. For example
double sprung floors are not suitable
6
for ball sports and artistic gymnastics
for children and seniors. An overview
and decision support is provided by
manufacturer’s charts which relate the
different types of construction with the
various sports. In Germany at least for
multipurpose venues area elastic surfaces are quite common types of floors.
Experts are undecided whether this tendency is good. The transitions between
area elastic and point elastic are as already mentioned fluent. The area elastic
floor is stiffer, the deformation on impact
is extensive and such a system is also
suitable for sports involving wheels or
moving components with wheel attachments. The same cannot be said for
mixed, combined or point elastic floors
as the characteristics for wheel sports
must be specifically mentioned for such
products. A point elastic floor has much
less flexibility and is limited to certain
areas with the impact being around
the footprint itself. The surface elastic
floor does not react that specifically to
a selective impact and remains in- 
Mixed elastic construction with pressure distribution
layer and PUR top layer Photo: AH-Polysport
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
area elastic
Overview of facts
Indoor sport halls
point elastic
combined elastic
Graphic illustration of elasticity Photo: HARO
elastic. Depending on the actual setup
of each system there is a varied level of
how the body is subject to force dissipation and shock absorption.
Depending on the type of movement,
speed and bodyweight the figures lead
to different characteristics of the impact
on the floor. Some experts in this context are critical because of they see the
measurements made in accordance with
DIN norms are not differentiated enough
to consider such parameters and after
the test process one gets differentiated
figures on the evaluation of the floors.
No conclusive judgment can be made whether point elastic point elastic floors are
suitable to reduce the danger of injury
for kids or if adults can benefit from it.
Here it is also necessary to consider the
other sport specific requirements needed for a multipurpose venue as well as
the different groups of users. Handball
players may prefer point elastic floors as
the rough physical contact with the floor
is part of their sport. Basketball players
are more in favor of area elastic floors
as the ball reflection is the core element
of their game. At the end of the day both
floors are within the required norms and
in terms of characteristics very similar.
The higher the competitive level is the
greater the chance that in actual fact
a specially designed floor will be used.
When constructing a multipurpose arena
the floor must meet a range of requirements. The choice of available types of
floors is so extensive that with the help
of a sport floor expert you will be able
to find the ideal solution to match the
operational concept of your sport and

multipurpose venue.
DIN V 18032-2 distinguishes between four types of sport floors: area elastic, point elastic, combined elastic and mixed elastic. The area elastic
solution is the most common one used for multipurpose floors but is not
always the best solution for every types of sport, age group or area of use.
Following characteristics are checked within DIN regulations with others
made in addition:
Force dissipation (at least 53 % with area elastic floors)
Standard deformation (at least 2.3 mm with area elastic floors)
Thickness factor (only relevant with area elastic floors)
Deformation mark (max. 15 % with area elastic floors)
Behavior with wheel loads (checked with 1,500 N on area elastic floors)
Impact strength at 10° C (not relevant with area elastic floors)
Residual indentation (not relevant with area elastic floors)
Ball reflection (with all at least 90 % bounce back height on a
ridged floor, e.g. concrete)
Gliding behavior (Gliding figures with all at least 0.4/max. 0.6)
Standard deformation (not relevant with area elastic floors)
Thickness factor (not relevant with area elastic floors)
The substructure must not substantially change during use and must support the sport functional characteristics in the long term. Furthermore the
substructure must not damage the top layer.
Generally one differentiates between constructions with a fully covered
elastic layer structure (low installation height) and those with mounting
support (single or double supports – as well as slatted frames) and space.
A fully covered elastic layer structure comprises of an elastic layer (until
about 15 mm), a load distribution plate (about 12 mm), possibly made
of combined elastic foam component (around 10 mm) and the top layer
(around 2 – 8 mm).
Mobile floors made of parquet or plastic have generally only one surface
layer and possibly a thin elastic layer. They are frequently used at high
competitive level.
Suitable and available as top layer are:
Parquet
Linoleum
PVC (Polyvinylchloride)
Polyurethane (PUR)
Rubber
The appropriate cleaning and if necessary protective sealing increase the
lifespan of sport floors.
Special underfloor heating for sport floors are a particularly effective way to
heat a sport venue functionally and even.
Area elastic construction ... Photos: AH-Polysport
7
Advertorial
Sports
flooring
Sport
floors
Sport
2012
floor
When choosing the right sports ground, it is important to consider many aspects
All pictures: Descol
10 steps towards a successful investment
This is how you choose the right sports floor
S
electing the right sports floor is one
of the most important aspects of
designing a sports facility. After all,
the ‘covered playing field’ is the primary
reason for building the facility and is literally the basis of all scheduled activities.
Descol sports surfaces gladly offers its
47 years of experience in sports flooring.
This article provides an overview of the
10 essential considerations that every
investor in sports floors should make in
order to make a well-considered choice.
athletes. There may be specific dominant
requirements, such as the use of spikes,
roller skates, regular pop concerts, or exhibitions. In the case of such issues, it
is important to think logically about the
performance level that is required, before
proceeding to the product properties.
4. Life span
1. Safety
Users of indoor sports facilities expect
that everything has been done to guarantee safety. Athletes and coaches expect optimum injury prevention measures. Parents and insurance companies
expect protection in the case of accidents. A good sports floor may contribute
considerably to minimising injury.
2. Comfort
The graphs show the evolution of the shock-reduction
for different models of elastic sports floors.
First make a clear list of requirements.
The right floor for an Olympic event is
not necessarily the ideal floor for a multifunctional hall. Primary school children
playing have different needs than top
sible to exercise in a safe and sensible
way. Standards for multifunctional floors
not only specify safety and comfort levels, but also a number of other aspects
that are relevant for a wide range of
users.
Comfort relates to the well-being that
people experience. A high level of comfort is often not experienced very consciously, but a low level of comfort is immediately clear. It is therefore important
to think carefully about the desired level
and to be well aware of any undesirable
aspects.
3. Sports functionality
Multifunctional sports facilities are
created to enable as many users as pos8
Activity results in traces of usage and
wear. The degree to which this occurs, depends on the floor’s resistance to various
types of loads. The European standard
for sports floors tests floors under loads
typical for sports facilities.
5. Sustainable purchasing
The world is becoming increasingly aware that we have our planet on loan for
future generations. Sustainable enterprising means that a company carries out
its activities in such a way that creates
no negative effects for the generations
to come.
6. Quality assurance
Being sure you are actually getting what you
think you bought… it should not be difficult,
but regrettably it often is. It is important to
ensure that the system that is selected,
fully meets the national and international
standards and have accreditations by 
Advertorial
national and international sports federations. Descol offers a wide range of Pulastic®
sports floors that are fully compliant with
EN 14904 and accredited by FIVB, FIBA, IHF
and BWF. Descol applies a quality assurance system which complies with the ISO9001 standard. In its own Pulastic®Academy, Descol annually trains a large number of
consultants and technicians.
7. Aesthetics
It is easy to get used to something
beautiful, something ugly remains an
eyesore. To be honest, we sometimes
forget that. We see too many beautiful
floors. Creating the right ambiance, is
a specialist job and the floor is part of
Ask yourself the question what is the
advantage of having seams? Pulastic®
floors simply remain attractive and
have been developed for intensive use.
To meet the demands of a specific ambiance, the Pulastic® range offers a
variety of colour options from classic
to design.
8. References
Who went there before you? How important is an Olympic record for a primary school? How important is military
experience for a professional competition arena? Descol prefers to give
references of projects that are similar
to yours. We have both old and new
The sports ground as part of the whole
that. Often, much time, effort and creativity is invested in creating the right
look and feel of a facility. Drawings,
simulations and images of previous
projects may give a good general impression of a design. In practice, however, certain details may become a
nuisance, in particular after years of
usage.
The selection of building materials is
important to correctly assess the right
aesthetics and in particular how to preserve these. After all, the opening festivities usually only last one day.
A seamless floor is and stays attractive. No distracting (open) seams, no
loose fits along walls and floor facilities, completely uniform colours, no
major visual deviations after repairs.
references around the world - both in
the public and the private sector - and
both indoor and outdoor - in the following areas:
1.) Education primary, secondary, higher
and university
2.) Multifunctional leisure, competition,
pro competition and military facilities
3.) SSpecific track and field, tennis, fitness, roller skating
9. Service departments
Manufacturers and suppliers who believe in quality, realise that obligations
extend far beyond supplying a good
product. The moment when a floor is
chosen for a sports facility, marks the
9
Sport
Sports
floors
flooring
2012
beginning of a long-term relationship.
A relationship that affects the way a facility manager works. Descol takes its
obligations serious and helps project
developers and architects draw up the
correct specifications. The same goes
for contractors who need technical
advice to ensure a proper, timely and
faultless construction process. After
delivery, Descol offers various options
for maintenance and repairs.
10. Financial management
The question “How much is that going
to cost me?” is often just answered
by stating the required investment. Of
course it is important to know how much
money needs to be invested to ensure
the required performance level for all
aspects described above. In particular
during the planning phase, a solid budget needs to be drawn up to avoid any
unpleasant surprises or last-minute
cuts or overrun budgets. Cutbacks at
a late stage during the construction
phase always affect the quality of the
finished product, something you experience most in daily use.
This article started with the statement
that having a ‘covered playing field’ is
the reason for building a sports facility, so any cutbacks on the sports floor
affects the very essence of the investment. So it is important to draw up an
accurate specification and have a matching budget. The costs of the floor can
only be determined by looking at all expenses across the entire expected life
of the building. This includes depreciation, interest, daily and periodic maintenance, renovation, replacement and
risks (insurance).
Apart from costs, income is also important. How many hours of use does the
investment offer; after all, every hour represents a certain value. This includes
not only the hours of sports, but also - to
a significant extent - the rental income
from events. A multifunctional floor with
minimum downtime for maintenance,
guarantees maximum returns. This is
the main basis for Pulastic’s® worldwide

success … winning results!
Interested in the extended article?
Please contact export@descol.nl and ask
for a copy of the Challenges magazine.
Contact:
Descol Sportböden
Duurstedeweg 7
NL - 7418 CK Deventer
Tel: +31 570 620744
Email: export@descol.nl
Web: www.descol.nl
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
Wood floor is the preferred option of basketball players Photo: Mondo
Parquet
Wood combines an elegant appearance with sport functional characteristics
T
he parquet which is wood as a top
layer is still one of the most popular chosen floors and can be found
in many indoor sports halls and fitness
facilities. The natural material offers a
particularly representative, elegant and
aes¬thetic impression and at the same
time fulfills the requirements of DIN
18032. In the sports area – worth pointing out this is in relation to the covering
and not the substructure – the range of
wood types used include ash, beech,
maple and oak. Every one of these woods
has a specific grain and coloring. In respect to the function these differences
are not that relevant as with wood flooring the surface layer is only very thin
compared to other system components.
The margin is between 2.5 mm and 8 mm
with the average being 3.5 mm on a Stab
von 14 mm. The substructure is either a
continuous elastic layer or set up as a
mounting support construction. Here the
parquet generally belongs to the area elastic type. The surface construction comprises of prefabricated elements which in
accordance with DIN 208 have to be free
of cracks, knots and splints.
The athletes will never come into direct
contact with the wood as the parquet will
always have a protective seal. In perfect
conditions it should provide protection for
around ten years and then it will have to
be removed and applied again. The best
results in regards to hardness and elasticity of the wood are not achieved on site
but it is best to undertake the process
at the factory as this will ensure that
the work lasts longer. As the strip of the
wooden layer does not damage the substance the potential durability of a parquet sport floor can be several decades.
Multipurpose venue with parquet 10
A factor for room temperature
As in other living areas there is the option
of including a underfloor heating system.
The wood though can be susceptible to
constant moisture which results from indoor climate or water damages. The rods
are sealed and form a homogenous area
after being laid but it is not completely
possible to rule out the seams and waves
forming if the wood is subject to moisture
which goes beyond the expected to- 
Photo: HARO
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
A PU protective sealing i spart of the finish given tot he top layer lerance values. In dry room temperature
this problem is minimized.
Exactly these characteristics are desired to a certain extent as a parquet
floor interacts with the room temperature and this will help create a comfortable ambience of the hall or other sport
facilities. Specialist parquet layers consider such aspects already at the time
of the fitting with issues such as the expansion in a moist area and ways counter them with appropriate measures.
In respect to fire parquet floors don’t
represent a specific danger compared
to other types of sport floors because
both the wood and the remaining floor
system have to meet requirements in
Photo: SPEED-LOCK
accordance with DIN in order to be used
as components.
If the floors are not maintained properly
or damaged substantially then this will
affect the lifespan. Sand and other dirt
act as sandpaper. Equally damaging are
cleaning procedures with too much water
or unsuitable cleaning agents which can
cut short the durability. It is necessary
to use specially manufactured parquet
cleaning substances and regularly apply
a polish (in multipurpose venues every 3
to 6 months) that can help to support the
protective sealing. This is a manageable
task to undertake within standard maintenance and will not cost more time compared to other sport floors. Parquet floors
Mobile parquet in handball configuration are governed by DIN 18356 which clearly
outline the procedures and products that
must be used.
Parquet is generally the standard for basketball and it is also the floor of choice
for professional dancing tournaments.
The surface tends to be ideal for wheel
and wheelchair sports. The limitations
are for sports which have a frequent impact of bodies and equipments to the
floor. Sports such as gymnastics or hockey where the sticks are pulled along the
floor are not the first choice but could still
be used in the context of multipurpose
use. The parquet is quite robust but not
the preferred floor if the sport venue is
frequently going to be turned into a party
location. On such occasions there is the
solution to protect the floor with specially designed protective floors. This material remains a particular favorite for the
construction of new fitness centers. Here
often there is no requirement to have a
substructure in accordance with DIN and
even explicitly not recommended as an
elastic structure is not suitable for heavy equipment and create a high level of
pressure on particular points.
Some manufacturers offer mobile parquet sport floor systems instead of a permanent installation. Such investments
are common in the segments of professional sport and large multisport arenas. Venues which need to be converted
within a short space of time from an ice
hockey into a basketball or handball facility will be able to realize this with parquet
pallets and a well trained team. After
the conclusion of the event the system
components can be put on a trolley and

stored away until needed next time.
Photo: Stadionwelt
11
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
The floor surface made with linseed oil the leader in Germany Photo: Armstrong DLW
Linoleum
The modern multipurpose venue classic
L
inoleum is an industrial product but
it exclusively contains natural or renewable resources. The main component is linseed oil. The base material
includes natural resin, limestone and wood
flour as well as natural and nature identical
color pigments. It could be that cork is also
added in order to control the elasticity and
maturation process. The paste is pressed
out on jute fabrics and then matures for several weeks with the oxidation in kiln. As the
assembled rolls are not subject to UV rays
until their fitting there is always a potential
for discoloration and this has often irritated
clients. Depending on the incidence of light
after fitting in the venue the material will
regain its actual color tone again with time.
Despite the lino¬leum having reached its
maturity it will continue to oxidize over the
life cycle – and is anti bacterial by nature.
The material which received its first patent in 1860 spread across the globe with
great speed but not as a sport floor as
it would take until the mid 20th century
for such surface to be developed. At first
its area of use was in hospitals, kitchens,
factories and other public institutions as
the material was mechanically stabile and
particularly hygienic as well as being easy
to clean, lay and maintain. In accordance
with DIN V 18032-2 (and DIN EN 548 and
DIN EN 685 for top layers made of linoleum) the minimum strength of the material
must be for sport floors 3,2 mm. All manufacturers have this in stock as well as
the generally more common standard of 4
mm which is the more economical choice
for customers.
Linoleum can be put on all established
substructures and therefore can be area,
point, mixed or combined elastic. The material meets all sport and safety standards
and is suitable both for recreational use
and competitive standards. Beyond this
it can withstand weights transported on
wheels (equally suitable for wheel sports)
and it is not susceptible for friction heat, cigarette ash and knocks making it extremely durable and low wear. It tends to be an
extremely popular option for multipurpose
venues that host sport and cultural events
as well as parties which require additional
constructions. Some venue owners look
to protect the linoleum when concerts are
going to take place in the center with additional mobile protective floors.
The resistance of the linoleum can be
improved by putting on a PUR sealing
which must be done under consideration of the rules laid out in DIN V 180322 that also looks at the dynamic friction.
Compared to pure synthetic surface which
have a open pore structure this is also
compensated. The floor receives a finish
ex factory in order to protect the material
when being fitted and it is also the basis for
the initial treatment. Under normal circumstances with average cleaning and maintenance the wear of the surface layer should
be minimal over a period of decades. It is
not necessary to use any special agents
for linoleum but one must avoid alkaline
agents and soft soap. The budget must
also give regard to the fact that if a sealing
has been applied then this will have to be
freshened up in regular intervals after there
has been an intensive use.

Magdeburg: Linoleum for professional and youth handball as well as other events 12
Photo: Forbo
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
a specific sport has more prominence.
Another potential option is to incorporate a multi colored club emblem or
sponsor logo onto the floor.
Linoleum can also be bought on pallets as a
mobile floor solution as well as in combination with an elastic layer or compact, point
elastic system for gymnastics, sports and
fitness facilities without substructure according to DIN regulations. One must note that
the range of this product is limited to two
types of material strength outlined above in
addition to the sealing option. Purely synthetic top layers can be produced with more
variation and if necessary be adapted to individual needs. Linoleum is regarded as a
proven all rounder with a substantial market
share in Germany reaching an estimated 75

percent.
Examples for the linoleum color range Typical appearance for linoleum is
the marble like grain which results
from the mixture of the components.
If there is a cork share then this will
also influence the look. Manufacturers
don’t only offer a range of color settings for living areas but also for their
sport products. Planners have all options available to adapt the floor to the
Photo: Armstrong DLW
surrounding ambience or alternatively
make it a distinguishable feature in
the venue. Very often the color choice
has the function to support distinguishing areas from one another such as
the safety zone from the playing area
or clearly highlight the handball throwing circle or volleyball field within the
scope of the multifold playing area so
Typical for linoleum: The grain structure Photo: Forbo
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SPORTS:
For Health and
the Environment.
Made better
with Linoleum
by DLW Sports.
Linodur Sport
Linovation Sport
Linea Sport
Armstrong DLW GmbH
Stuttgarter Str. 75 • D -74321 Bietigheim-Bissingen
Telefon: +49 71 42 71 - 637 • www.dlwsports.com
13
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
PVC
Floor from a roll for permanent fitting or mobile use
T
he PVC (Polyvi¬nylchloride) which
has less material strength but still
is very hard wearing is on offer in
the sport floor sector in different options
for both sport and multipurpose venues
and is very often used as a mobile solution. PVC is generally delivered ex factory
on a roll and when permanently fixed in
a hall it is thermally welded without weld
rods which provides for a high tensile
strength. As far as the surface has been
given a PU sealing in the manufacturing
process this has the advantage that it will
not need to be undertaken anymore and
a part of the costs for maintenance care
can be saved. Closing the pores on the
surface will stop dirt from getting down
to lower layers of the material and will reduce the frictional resistance on the surface itself as a further contribution of its
sport functional characteristic.
The PVC surface has when used as a sport
floor generally a strength of 2 mm and is
additionally complemented with foam
backing layers making the product have a
thickness of more than 7 mm. This point
elastic construction can be put on a area
elastic substructure and can be used as
a combined elastic system with or without
underfloor heating as well as with additional impact sound improvement.
In respect to potential design options all
standard color variations are available for
delivery. Special colored are produced
on request. The usual sport products
are colored uniform making it possible
to distinguish the lines from the colored
structured surfaces. There are a number
of other options available including imitation of parquet grain which provides the
option to raise the profile of a multipurpose venue for a specific event.
PVC surfaces as mobile floors are very common in professional sport but are also permanently fixed The quality of the surface can be controlled
by the manufacturer making possible to opt
for smooth or grained surface layers. Both
have advantages depending on the type of
sport. For table tennis competitions this
type of floor is very common and even compulsory. A mobile floor with foam supports
is used which meets the requirements of
a special embossed surface for this sport
which must be anti skidding and offer virtually no reflection. Furthermore with choosing a red color it provides the necessary
contrast to the blue table tennis table.
PVC was a popular choice as a sport floor
for many decades but over time due to
concerns about different components it
was replaced by other products. In recent
years it is making a comeback. Manufacturers highlight the great amount of development work that has gone into making
this product more environmentally friendly
and removing any potential health risks.
They underline their statements with appropriate certificates such as complying
Photo: Gerflor
with REACH guidelines and AgBB rules
which are particularly relevant for construction supervision approval in Germany.
Fulfilling these standards can reopen the
market as until now many local authorities
have taken the decision not to use PVC
products which though should change with
the new product range on offer.
The PVC granulate comprising of rock
salt and crude oil is manufactured from
natural resources with limestone or
chalk being used as fillers. Further components part of the production are softeners (mostly phthalate) which today
according to producers don’t escape of
previously with them meeting current
environmental and health standards.
Beyond this no heavy metals or formaldehyde are applied in the processes.
Additives for flame protection are not
required with the product classified as
B1. PVC has a widespread use in many
products including the medical sector

and food packaging.
Outside the norm: Special solutions for fitness centers
If a standard indoor sport hall is tendered in accordance
with DIN V 18032-2 then a certified sport floor construction
will be part of the process. Small gymnastic, sport and fitness areas within rehabilitation and wellness facilities don’t
fall within the sport floor DIN regulations and consequently
are not subject to extensive sport floor constructions.
Most manufacturers provide tailor made systems for such
spaces which can be simply realized corresponding to regulations laid out in DIN 18365 floor surface works. These wide ranging top layers with reduced substructure and
mostly only with an elastic layer can be used anywhere and
at a relatively low cost.
The advantages: The users benefit from important characteristics such as high force dissipation and the venue operator knows that they have a product in their facility that
meets the highest standards in respect to durability and
does not require special maintenance care.
A particular focus in such cases is on the sound insulation
aspect. Different from the indoor venue itself fitness areas
can be in close proximity to more sensitive places such as
rest areas in health centers or adjacent to living areas.
Floor for fitness artistic gymnastics, here as linoleum on an elastic EPDM mat
Photo: Forbo
14
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
A polyurethane surface layer is applied liquid state and creates a floor without joints Photo: Conica/BASF
PUR coating
Individual adjustable sport floor from one mould
O
ne of the unique selling points
of PUR coating (polyure¬thane)
is that the floor surface is not
fitted but actually put on in its fluid state Components such as joints or welds
are not needed and as such elements
can frequently turn out to be the weak
points in the system this product can
cut out such problems. As the manufacturing process takes place on site
there are a countless options available in respect to appearance as well as
sport functional characteristics. There
are many individual designs and settings possible in order to adapt and
complement the specific requirements
of the venue. In order to capitalize on
these features and provide the owner
with such a number of choices it is necessary to have a professional set up
and highly skilled workers.
PUR is very durable like many of the
other materials used for sport floors
but due to the characteristic feature of
being individually adjustable it is possible to provide for any sport functional
setting. The surface layer with a thickness between 2, 4 or even 6 mm can
be put on a 4 to 14 mm thick strong
elastic layer. The stronger versions are
selected if the venue is to host indoor
athletics and hast o cope with spike
shoes. A final color as well as mat or
shiny protective layer is also part of
this sport floor system which meets
the demands of both popular and top
level sport. Furthermore it is suited for
use as a multipurpose floor system.
Here the customer can configure the floor online 15
PUR coating can handle the area and
point elastic system. In practice it is
predominantly used with point and
mixed elastic systems which is a tendency seen in the German market segment. Linoleum presently is the preferred option when it comes to area
elastic systems when looking at 
Photo: Descol PULASTIC
the level of orders placed.
Comparing statistics it seems
that in Switzerland there is a
clear preference for PUR floor
surface types. The lifespan
of a PUR coating can last for
decades depending on the level of use and maintenance
care provided. In some cases
the sealing is renewed after a
couple of years. As far as the
substructure is still functional
there is also the option of retopping. In this procedure the
surface layer is ground down
and the coating as well as finish are put on Such a „facelift“ is an option if the project
is just to provide a new color
scheme which may result from
a new operational concept or
a change of sponsor.
When it comes to the actual
color arrangement there are
virtually no boundaries with
PUR coating and there is
a great amount of scope to
create something truly unique with countless options.
Depending on the manufacturer there can be several
hundred color types which
are made countless color
models. The costs are not
that high and can be used for
smaller objects. The pigmentation can very much compared to similar offers made
for shades that are provided
in DIY stores for wall paints.
The client can individually
select their desired color with
the order.
Polyurethane is a synthetic
resin and the chemical industry has invested substantial-
linknv.be
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Stadiaworld
ly in the further development
of this product. Today there
are no dangerous emissions which pose a threat to
people’s health and no softeners are applied. Still though
there is the necessity to evaluate whether the surface polyurethane is suitable for use
in confined indoor facilities.
For this a test report must be
obtained where it is shown
that the approval criteria is
met in regards to health regulations as well as the AgBB
regulations of the Federal Environment Office are adhered
to. During the selection process it is important to consider that the manufacturer is
able to produce all types of
certificates for the entire system which comprise of the
surface layer and substructure. The permanently elastic
polyurethane is both a component of many elastic layers
which are used in all sport
floor systems as well as also
being the standard top layer
of synthetic running tracks.
Beyond this all types of sport
floors whether linoleum or
parquet are sealed with PUR
as this synthetic resin is
extremely resistant against
chemical and mechanical interferences. With a special
newly developed PUR coating
substance it is possible to
produce entire systems with
high fire protection classification in accordance with
EN 13501-1 and fulfill the
standards in emergency exit

areas.
UNderlays
Our mission is to provide every sports surface with a long-lasting shock absorbing layer to enhance player
performance, comfort and safety. This sustainable long life
solution is simple to install and offers unlimited possibilities
to all users.
Whether our underlay is placed under a hardwood floor
or synthetic flooring such as PU resin, linoleum, rubber
or PVC, it is destined to make a world of difference for all
sports players. We offer a tailor-made solution for every
indoor sports surface that guarantees optimal player
comfort, safety and performance.
In addition, our sustainable underlays reduce indoor floor
vibration and insulate the sports floor acoustically, reducing
indoor noise and echoes.
re-bounce® also produces high-quality shock pads for artificial
turf pitches and sports equipment.
Layer construction of a PUR surface Photo: BSW GmbH
16
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
Rubber surfaces are similar to PVC available both as a mobile and permanently fixed option. In respect to material characteristic are differences Photos: Mondo
Rubber
The versatile rubber floor
R
ubber is more of a niche product
in Germany but in other countries
across the globe the product enjoys
considerable popularity and is used as a
multipurpose as well as specialized floor.
The actual proportion of natural rubber in
the product itself is similar to other industrial floor surfaces quite low. Therefore
when talking about this option we are
more referring to synthetic rubber which
is used in a different type of composition
for car tyres which underlines its great
elasticity with great durability. Rubber
floors are available in several versions in
respect to their surface condition as well
as thickness and combination with elastic layers. Depending on the production
process the surface can either be smooth
or grained. With its marble like appearance the surface layer resembles linoleum
and in regards to grip of the rubber this
type of floor (is though 5 EUR/m² more
expensive) comes close to the linseed oil
product. The light shiny rubber floor with
grained surface will have less friction as
the smooth surface and will support the
common twists of the foot when subject to
great impact and swift change of direction.
The system comprises of two layers of vulcanized rubber with the upper one being
finer and homogenous, does not absorb
water so that no swells occur and make
it easier to maintain. Both layers have a
thickness of together 3 mm (standard) or
4 mm. In addition to this compound systems with additional elastic layers made
of polyurethane foam are offered. Their
characteristics can be controlled in the
manufacturing process which help offer
a number of solutions for different areas
of application. Such an entire system
can have a combined resistance of 7 to
11 mm. It is point elastic and on an area
elastic substructure there will be different
nuances of combined elasticity.
As the described types are frequently used
in the multipurpose segment rubber is
also offered as a sport specialist surface.
One example being a total thickness of 6
to 8 mm which is particularly suitable for
fitness rooms and can cope with potential
damages caused by spikes and runners.
Rubber floors are available as both mobile
and permanently fixed systems. The fixed
installations are mainly made by joining up
Thermo cords are generally used to fix the
tracks of rubber next to each other where
there is high humidity and one wants to
ensure that the floor has been fixed without gaps. If the fitting has been done to
a high standard then thermal welding will
not be needed and joints should generally
not be noticeable.
For rubber the planner has a free choice
when it comes to colors. The standard program offers the usual 12 to 15 color tones
as well as wood imitation. Orders which exceed about 1,000 m² will also be able to
choose colors from RAL or other schemes.
Such an alternative may be taken into consideration if there is the necessity for the
indoor facility to have elements of the corporate design or the architect is seeking
to create a finely balanced color setting
within the venue.
It is also possible to opt for multi colored
floors which may be needed if a certain
playing area is to be given greater prominence on a large multipurpose field with
several types of markings.
A rubber floor does not contain a PU
sealing. Merely after the installation process has been concluded the protective
film which has been placed on the floor
must be removed in a final cleaning process and then the initial treatment can
be made. In accordance with the provided
maintenance care guidelines there are no
special procedures which have to be undertaken on a regular basis and the floor
can be intensively used without great problems for several decades.
The combinations of natural and synthetic resources as well as the manufacturing process are subject to strict
regulations and norms. Therefore if the
appropriate documentation is provided
there is no real reason to be skeptical of

this product.
Rubber surface with grained ...
... and smooth surface, that is blunt
17
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
Cleaning and maintenance of halls
Every indoor sports flooring has low-maintenance but it must be treated according
to guidelines with special agents. Special machines help with maintenance care
and intensive measures.
T
he flooring of a sports hall must not
only sustain all possible stresses
and strains it must also be made
available for other use as soon as possible if different events leave a dirty hall
behind. All surfaces used in sports are
generally easy to clean. Regular maintenance cleaning is not only important for
hygiene but also for the functionality of
the system. Even smallest residues on
the flooring can lead to the abrasion of
the wear layer or the protective sealing.
One should always keep in mind that not
every cleaning agent can be used on every type of sports flooring. Parquet flooring
needs special products and must never
be wiped too wet. Linoleum again should
not be treated with soft soap as the pHvalue should be 9 at the maximum as too
alkaline agents can attack components
of the linoleum.
With the installation of new flooring the
building contractor or operator should
be handed cleaning and maintenance
instructions with information on how to
treat the surface. The use of incorrect
detergents or methods can damage the
wear layer and lead to the loss of important sport functional qualities (too slippery/dulled). It may also lead to visible
traces such as bloom.
For example linoleum floors will be cleaned after the completion of the construction. Afterwards it will get an initial maintenance treatment. This is the base for
the weekly conducted routine cleaning
with specific agents. The servicing film
is renewed every half year by special dispersion. The cleaning and maintenance
schedules for all types of surfaces follow
more or less the same patterns including
manual moist or wet moping as everyday
cleaning, regular appliance of maintenance products as well as the necessary
basic cleaning in intervals and if necessary the renewal of the servicing film.
Handbal resin diespenses...
Professional cleaning machines facilitate the work and help to prolong the service life of the flooring.
Photos: HAKO
If a hall operator invests into machines
for cleaning and maintenance of sports
flooring depends in the individual case on
the intensity of use of a hall or a sports
complex. Larger surfaces can be treated
very effectively with cleaning machines
that can perform more than one operational step at once. Measures such as
basic cleaning and cleansing should in
any case be conducted with a special machine such as a wiper (this should not be
confused with windscreen wipers for automobiles; here the floor is treated with a
cleaning attachment with a rotating disk)
– if necessary by a third provider.
Modern automatic vacuum scrubbers provide for a thorough and efficient process
in any case. One employee has the ability
to thoroughly clean an area of 1,400 m²
(the area of a usual indoor playing field is
around 968 m²) in one hour with a com-
pact and lightweight vacuum scrubber. A
tank contains the water or the detergent,
a further tank collects the dirty water. As
the machine has removable brush and
roller aggregates it can also clean other
smooth floor surfaces in a building. When
operated with a battery there are no problems with electrical cords.
A distinctive feature regarding floor
cleaning applies for every indoor hall where handball is played. The players cover
the ball with resina in order to achieve the
necessary grip (the use of resina only allows the development of the technical finesse of this sport on the highest level).
This tough “paste” bonds any kind of dirt
and sticks to the floor and the walls. The
standing orders of the handball associations therefore allow resina only in higher
divisions such as the regional league in
order to save the municipalities money. In
reality however caretakers often find revealing traces where the use is not allowed.
In these halls special cleaning is often
necessary whereby producers of resina
usually offer respective cleaning agents
which can be used for flooring such as li
noleum.
... by ball and shoes...
... everywhere in the sports hall. Photos: Stadionwelt
Should there be much polluted areas a
local intensive treatment (cleansing) with
special cleaning agents and maintenance
products is necessary.
Machine rather than wet-mop
18
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
A professional playing area can be installed nearly everywhere –whether for special events or competitive games Photo: HARO
Mobile sport floors and covers
Playing areas can be installed in a short space of time nearly anywhere if there is
a level ground. There are also similar practical and flexible solutions available for
protective floors
E
ven with many sport and multipurpose venues offering floors which are
suitable for an extensive number of
sports there are situations where it could
be necessary to provide a specific surface
which often can be the case for competitive sporting events. The reason for an
alteration could be that specific sports
such as artistic gymnastics or wrestling
need a very specific floor or that international associations have set standards
what type of floor can be used for specific
tournaments or league games. Whether
handball, basketball or volleyball and other
indoor sports: With an appropriate floor system any venue or other location can be
turned into a sport arena. In any case if
one has the ambition to host international
competitive events then there will be the
necessity to comply with regulations and
statutes. Even arenas with ice rinks that
have multipurpose use will have to be converted in a short space of time. Sometimes it may be necessary and sensible to
protect the substance from damage, make
the ice surface safe to walk over and to
cover the sensitive turf.
As a response to the varied requirements
the manufacturers provide a range of mobile sport surfaces or protective floors.
Generally one has to distinguish between
those which are offered as sheet flooring
on rolls and that are put together from different components. The latter are stored
and transported on pallets. It is possible to obtain systems with a substructure
and surface layer as well as surface layer
with elastic layering.
It is important that the mobile system can
be set up in a fast and secure manner.
For many operators and organizers the
logistics surrounding the transport also
play a significant roll. Pallet systems with
substructure usually will require the use
of different aluminum connecting profiles
and they don’t put additional pressure on
the weight of the system. Furthermore despite countless mounting procedures it is
still able to guarantee a secure set up on
a coherent floor space.
Sheet flooring can also have a considerable weight – a typical roll of a mobile multipurpose floor can measure up to about
185 cm x 18 m and weight with an average thickness of 9 mm around 7.5 kg/m².
Practical transport and storage trolleys are
Cross section of a mobile surface with rubber layering
Photo: Mondo
19
part of the system which must be additionally purchased for rolls.
Systems comprising of tiles can be advantageous as they are simple to set up,
are not that heavy and don’t need much
storage space.
Parquet for any occasion
As basketball is only played at higher
competitive level on parquet there are
different providers which offer products
that adhere to the required standards
set by FIBA as well as other national and
international regulations. A large number of multipurpose venues have such
mobile systems which handball is also
played on. But also smaller sports halls
that host competitive basketball, handball and volleyball games opt for the mobile parquet solutions. It is not common
or recommended to fix sport equipment
and net poles into the floor as specially
developed mobile systems are available.
The covers for such fixings are flush with
the parquet making such fixtures for volleyball net poles a trip hazard in a larger
basketball or handball playing area.
On mobile parquet there tends to be a relatively thin layer structure with a laminate
surface layer of 3.6 mm thickness. If due
to the architecture of the venue it is not
possible to fix basketball hoops to the
walls then movable hoops will be used. 
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
„Floor-Puzzle“ for Sport-Events
The system is suitable for both indoors as well as outdoors and can be permanently installed Photos: ASPG
Just one single piece of equipment can
weigh up to one ton and will only be used
on parquet that can cope with such a load.
In accordance with DIN one can place a
number of other surfaces as mobile floors
on the segmented wood substructure including linoleum, PVC or rubber. Here one
can choose between area and combined
elastic systems.
elastic but when laid on a sport floor substructure it has more combined elastic
features. Often the sheet material made
of either PVC or rubber is placed straight
onto the screed of the venue or ice covering of the arena. Athletes must be
able to handle the hardness of such a system and therefore it cannot be seen as
a permanent solution for popular sport or
ideal set up for youth teams which could
suffer from damaging long term affects.
When planning to lay out a mobile floor
for certain events it is important to consider that a newly ordered floor has to
Rolls and plates
The mobile synthetic floor from a roll has
foam on the back side, is generally point
be rolled out first, set, cut to fit onto the
playing area and marked with a special
adhesive tape or paint. Furthermore it
is necessary to establish if one has to
clean the floor before use (particularly
necessary if a handball resin is on the
surface) and then one will need the appropriate cleaning agents and cleaning
machine. It is important not to apply a
too high concentration of cleaning agent
as this could create a lubricating film on
the surface with potential injuries the result. Another issue which must also be
given regard to is the fact that a floor 
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Stadiaworld
Sport floor
that is comes from a roll will need some
time to adapt to the actual temperature
of the venue after being subject to varied
climatic conditions on transport from the
warehouse to its intended venue. I
Special dispense devices are needed for
laying down rolls which help move the
heavy material around the hall and at the
same time can ensure the work is carried
out in a efficient as well as swift manner.
The fixation is done along the joints of
adjacent rolls with a double sided adhesive tape. A hand device with a mechanism
that lift up both rolls can speed up the
work process. The accessories which are
essential for lying down a mobile floor are
usually not included with the delivery of
the floor and have to be purchased extra
or alternatively the workforce given the
task to lay down the floor will have the
necessary equipment with them.
Floors that are set up with plastic panels
can be recommended as they are both
suitable to cater for specific sports or act
as multipurpose module systems that are
simple to handle and require little logistical
effort. This floor options has also been approved by countless sport associations for
indoor and outdoor competitions. The tiles
with an edge length of around 20 to 30
cm require next to a storage and transport
pallet for mounting no other technical appliances and each tile is also not that heavy.
After installation the tile structure remains
visible but no seams or pattern are left behind. As far as there are no standards to
be met in respect to force dissipation it is
possible to put such tiles down on any level
ground, if needed the characteristics of the
system can be altered with the help of elastic layers. The „Floor-Puzzle“ can be used
as a mobile feature and in some cases it
is also fitted permanently. In both cases
any damage can be easily taken care of by
replacing the respective tile. In regards to
the color setting there are not boundries as
different colored modules can be combined
with each other.
Protective floors for all
circumstances
The procedures for laying down mobile
protective floors are similar to those
described above. The manufacturers
Floor plates: Suitable for heavy loads
Photo: Westag & Getalit AG
System with sport specific substructure and free choice of surface offer a range of products for sealing, insulation and protection of sport floors
against chemical and mechanical effects which may occur during events
such as concerts or other festivities
common for multipurpose arenas. The
sector has a number of very resistant,
low maintenance product that fulfill all
norms and standards. There are either
panels that are laid in accordance to
the principles of mobile parquet or are
synthetic which are on rolls. The decision which product is more suitable
Mobiles wood floor system with aluminum profiles
will very much depend on the individual
conditions and requirements. For example in arenas with a permanent ice
rink the panels can provide for a multifunctional and flexible use of the action
zone and it is also possible for vehicles
to drive over. The disadvantages are
that they are considerably heavier and
need a larger storage facility than mats
do. The latter can also be skid free or
cater for specific requirements such as
carrying movable heavy loads or protect the sport floor from sharp edged
objects which are needed for setting up
a stage or fluids spilt.
All mobile floor systems are able to even
out most bumps on the ground. There are
of course no absolute guarantees with
21
Photos: SPEED-LOCK
for example a not completely covered ice
rink visible and noticeable marks on the
playing field. Irregularities in the floor finish or floor issues can cause problems.
Placing a elastic foam layer down on the
floor could provide a solution or alternatively one could opt for a product from the
floor cover range.
Regardless where mobile floors systems
are used am emphasis is always to provide for flexibility and swift set up and
dismantlement. There are clear time
constraints to get the playing area ready
Photo: SPEED-LOCK
on time (as well as sticking on advertisements) in order to remain within the set
plan devised for an event. One must be
aware of the importance that the floor
has as for both spectators and cameras
it is one of the focal points of the entire game. It is recommended therefore
to let only highly skilled workers carry
out all necessary tasks. With experience and routine processes it should be
possible to cut out any problems which
may usually arise when laying down floor
rolls.
If the work is undertaken by a well drilled
team then it will probably take no more
than two to three hours to lay down a mobile floor of standard size and will then be

ready for use.
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
Inspection of a indoor sport floor Photo: ISP – Institut für Sportststättenprüfung
Norms, rules, certificates
In Germany the construction and inspections are subject to DIN and other standards
which ensure the functionality and safety of modern sport floors
E
very type of sport floor whether
used indoors or for outdoor facilities is described in DIN norms.
Therefore all sport floor products are
clearly defined in respect to their condition and sport functional characteristics. This applies to the actual sport
floor system comprising of the surface
layer, elastic layer and substructure.
Beyond this the norms also cover the
works undertaken to lay the floor and all
inspection procedures. In another norm
package the dimensions of the playing
area and standard guidelines for the lines are outlined.
For the indoor area DIN 18032 is the
relevant set of rules. It determines the
requirements and inspections for the
construction and facilities of sport halls
as well as rooms for sport and multipurpose use. DIN 18032-1 is in regards
to planning, DIN V 18032-2 (preliminary
standard, current issue from 2001) defines the requirements for sport floors,
there entire composition as well as inspections. Parts 3 to 6 cover issues
such as partition curtains, safety against
flying balls, retractable stands and sport
equipment. All work undertaken on sport
surfaces is covered by DIN 18365.
The norms have been generally harmonized at international level, Still though
there some areas which may differ from
another as the European norms are not
always implemented at the same time.
One example being that the respective
European norm DIN EN 14904 in DIN
18032-2 has not been implemented in
each point and is not in force as national law has not been not been adopted.
Another example is DIN V 18032-2 which
exclusively in Germany governs issue in
regards to a number of components, fire
protection as well as friction and slide behavior. The Euro norms have not replaced
the national one meaning that the German builder can continue to tender under
DIN.
The equivalent for sports grounds to DIN
18032 is DIN 18035 which starts in Part
1 with outdoor facilities for games and
athletics, planning and measurement
(also dimensions of smaller playing fields
or indoor sports are to be found here),
followed by Part for watering drainage.
Parts 4 and 5 are applicable for clay and
grass areas, Part 6 contains rules for synthetic areas – presently in form of preliminary standards of DIN V 18035-6 with
artificial turfs covered by DIN V 18035-7.
In order to ensure the highest quality
standards for products DIN 18032-2 (under point 5.5.) stipulates a yearly quality
control from an independent institution.
22
There are two methods of certification: In
accordance with RAL or Guidelines of the
Quality Association for Sport Hall Floor
which is a network of some German sport
floor manufacturers and the respective
test mark is RAL-GZ 942.
Another certification program where
sport floors can be checked is DIN
CERTCO (Association for Conformity
Assessment) which closely cooperates with TÜV. In this procedure which
is subject to an extensive catalogue
of requirements the test mark is only
awarded for a year. The inspection of
conformity is done in accordance with
DIN V 18032-2 or 18035-60 and examines the sport floor that is presently
being used.
Inspections compulsory
Regardless of the inspections that
are made at the respective location
the manufacturers are also obliged to
provide samples of the components
used in their floor products and these are sent to the institute for examination which is done in line with DIN
V 18032-2 or 18035-6. All tests are
done as stated in DIN 18200. This is
a norm goes beyond sprt floors and is
a general reference to materials. 
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
New layering in compliance with structure spraying machine The applicant being the manufacturer
receives a certificate from the institute where the results are documented.
All the test appliances are subject to
strict tests themselves.
The inspection in accordance with DIN
18035-2 contains a report which documents the resilience of the floor at
temperatures from +/-0° C, +20° C and
+40° C – the deformation or indentation under impact of a test machine will
increase with higher temperatures and
can amount to e.g. 1 mm at 0° C and
1.2 mm at 40° C. Beyond this the figures
for slip behavior on wet and dry floor are
determined as is the ball reflection that
is 99%. The force dissipation will come
to for example 35 % at +20° C, the water permeability is indicated in cm/sec.,
the relative abrasion resistance with the
figure t rV. The check of stability against
gripping elements (figure relevant for
spikes on running shoes) results in a
classification (e.g. class I). In regards to
the indentation behavior the impact is determined under load (e.g. 7.00 mm) and
remaining impact (e.g. 0.42 mm). The
flammability is classified in accordance
with DIN 51960. Fire protection class 1,
also referred to as B1, is the norm. But
that is not all: The tensile strength (e.g.
0.55 N/mm²) is also checked as is the
breaking elongation (e.g. 55%). The last
two figures appear in the assessment
of the aging process or climate strains
under different climatic conditions (i.e.
combined climate humidity and light in
accordance with DIN 53387).
At the end of the inspection process an
assessment is made. The inspection engineer will announce if the taken samples
meet the standards of DIN 18035-6. If
Photo: SMG
necessary the environmental impact is
checked and assessed.
Independent from all the advice and
impressions taken from visiting a reference object (can be influenced by the
appearance of the running track, weather,
age of facilities and maintenance level)
these inspection reports provide a product comparison which is made from detailed and objective determined technical
figures The customer is able to make a
direct comparison. One must note though
that the documented certificates and inspection reports represent a clinical laboratory situation even if the tests were
made in the venue itself.
Associations are part of the
process
Depending on what level of competition is to be hosted in the venue there is
also the necessity to give regard to the
set of rules and standards that sport associations which from their side award
certificates or outline requirement catalogues. Should for example their be the
desire to play handball in the arena then
German handball league games can’t be
played on floors which have multiple lines
and markings but in order to offer TV the
best possible coverage only the lines and
markings required for handball are allowed to be seen. As other sports such as
basketball or volleyball have similar set
standards at higher competitive level it is
quite common that mobile floors (roll or
panel) are used to remedy this problem
as the majority of venues operate as multipurpose facilities.
Many European and World sport associations have a sport floor manufactu23
rer as their sponsor and tend to give
them exclusivity at their events. Consequently European and World Championships will frequently be held on
one specific type of floor. These are of
course top quality, certified and comply with all norms. They may though not
always offer the best solution for every
sport arena.
For athletics it is virtually impossible to
put down a new surface for an individual
event though this does not apply to the
major events such as World Championships or Olympic Games where the competition facilities are renewed or rebuilt.
So that certain standards are adhered
to for international competitive events
the International Asso¬ciation of Athletics (IAAF) awards certificates which are
class 1, 2 and one for indoor athletics
facilities. In order to get such a certificate for five years the manufacturers must
at a charge get all their products tested
by an IAAF accredited inspection team.
This inspection must be carried out in
accordance with ISO 17025 for test laboratories and it looks at irregularities and
damages to materials, evenness of the
surface, strength of material, force dissipation, indentation depth and further
characteristics which are checked during
an inspection in accordance with DIN
18035-2 which may go as far as color
choice.
Next to the condition of the sport floor system the company undertaking the work
is of equal importance as they are in the
end responsible for the quality of the final
product which is to be used for sport. It
starts from the substructure and goes all
the way to coating and including lines and
marks.

Stadiaworld
Sport floor
Planning of an outdoor facility (red section: Detailed view of playing filed sizes) photo: SIG Hessen
Playing areas:
Dimensions and marking
Only the lining makes floor a playing area where sport can be played according to
its rules and competition regulations
D
imensioning and lining or rather
marking of large and small playing
areas for almost all types of
sports as well as for athletics is regulated by DIN 18035-1. By definition those
facilities built according to this standard
are suitable for competition. However
one has to regard the requirements of
the sports associations as they make
their own specifications regarding playing
areas and competition facilities. Usually
on international level these standards fall
into line with the national ones. But they
may make recommendations for certain
competition classes the standard..
For example according to DIN 180351 indoor handball can be played on a
small field ranging from 18 to 22 m in
width and 38 to 44 m in length. However the standard size is 20 x 40 m. This
very standard size is the worldwide norm
in high-level league competitions, up to
European and world championships.
Whilst in Germany lower leagues can play
on flooring with multi-purpose lining the
German handball premier league (HBL)
plays only on flooring with just handball
lining. On European level several years
ago in the context of the EHF Champions
League the European Handball Federation (EHF) standardised the make of the
mobile flooring. This guaranteed that at
least those games that are broadcasted
had a homogenous appearance which
complies with the corporate design of the
EHF Champions League. The set of regulations especially designed for this event
also clearly defines the areas for floor
graphics which consist of adhesive film.
The laying and the effect on the camera
are supervised and if necessary corrected by a marketing supervisor before every match. Comparable standing orders
can be found with any type of popular
24
sport – especially when competitions are
broadcasted.
Particularly more complex is the lining in
multi-purpose halls where different types
of sports are played length and crosswise. Here playing areas are marked with
overlapping lines. Therefore the lining for
each filed has a different colour. Basketball fields are marked with black lines
and volleyball fields with blue lines. When
multi-purpose halls are used for mass as
well as for professional sports or if they
accommodate an intensive training centre it is quite common that the field for
the respective sport is not only highlighted by a special lining but also the playing
field itself has a different surface colour.
Controlled operation
Track and field facilities are also fitted
with multiple lining and surface mar- 
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
king. In Germany the marking and lining
follows DIN 18035 which is also recorded in the official competition regulations
(ALB) of the German Athletics Federation
(DLV).
Areas as well as starting and finishing lines, hurdles and distance measuring for
throwing disciplines are only installed for
competitions. Therefore the handbook of
the DLV should be followed as it explains
the procedure and specifies which equipment is needed for the facility during a
tournament (e.g. tape measure, hand
brush, starting blocks). The marking for
orientation is provided by the builder of
the sports facility during construction and
lining. Thus badges e.g. at the edging of
the track can inform where the starting
lines for individual races and relays for all
distances should be.
In athletics one distinguishes between
the different types of racing tracks A, B,
C and D. The type A race track is standard for all competitions on the highest
level. It includes eight individual running
tracks, additionally a short track with
also eights individual tracks, two high
jump facilities, a water jump and a field
for every type of sport which is exercised
within world championships or the Olym-
pic Games. The most basic racing track
is type D which is equipped with a large playing field, a short track, a small
playing field and various facilities for
throwing and jumping disciplines. Also
suitable for school sports up to competitions on local or divisional level is type
C. In addition to the facilities mentioned
for type D it also comprises of a running
track with at least four individual running
tracks.
Facilities that are not used for training or
competitions but for leisure only official
dimensions are not required. However leisure playing grounds need to be catego-
rized according to the kind of activity that
will be undertaken. It is recommended to
follow these reference points if local circumstances allow doing so as this ensures that possible uses are in the end not
limited.
Whilst the marking on turf or hard court
can be renewed regularly with chalk
or special turf colors lining on sports
grounds are permanent. Depending on
the surface a long lasting color with a
special composition is chosen. For mobile flooring which can be transported on
rolls very hardwearing and adhesive fa
bric tape is used.
Experts apply standard markings...
… as well as individual designs. Photos: Mawep
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Sport floor
Im tennis the floor are evaluated based on the movement of the ball. Today though more attention is also being put on creating floors which are suitable for
body and health Photos: Schöpp-Sportboden GmbH
Tennis courts
Tennis courts set very specific requirements for the floors they are played on. Which
surface is chosen depends very much on different factors which vary from country
to country as their preferences vary
T
here is no other ball game which
is played on so many different surfaces at competitive level as one
does in tennis. The range starts from natural surfaces such as grass, ash, asphalt
and concrete to synthetic grass as well
as various carpet and synthetic surfaces.
Each of the floors has its area of use and
justification. At the same time though
the variety makes it difficult to establish
norms and recommendations which is
the case for typical multipurpose floors.
A further difference is that most tennis
courts whether they are indoor facilities
or outside tend to be privately financed
or in private ownership. Consequently the
usual regulations which apply to communal facilities have no bearing here expect
of course that certain sport floor norms
as well as DIN 18202 is applicable in respect to evenness tolerance.
Traditionally the ball movement and
speed have been very high on the tennis agenda and not much attention was
paid to characteristics such as elasticity
which are more conducive to the body of
the player. The International Tennis Federation ITF categorizes tennis courts ac-
cording to their surface from A to J and
also has a further five velocity categories.
Nearly every available product is classified by the ITF (though there are doubts in
regards to the significance of the ITF certifications). At least in Germany there is a
trend to implement elastic substructures.
Popular in Germany: Velour surface
In professional tennis the movement of
the ball is the focus and the super fit athletes are able to compensate the strains
put on them with targeted training for legs
and lower body areas. On the other hand
the majority of amateur tennis players
26
risk considerable damage to their joints
and ligaments.
With expert advice of experienced tennis
facility builder the venue owner or investor has the opportunity to clearly influence the selected choice of substructure
with its elastic characteristics. For tennis
one must note that force dissipation over
an area is not required and the system
is more focused on offering point elastic
features. Furthermore it is also necessary to point out that the great level of comfort for the player will lead to a greater
slower bal movement. So one must strike
a balance between both aspects.
In multipurpose venues the lines for tennis courts may be included but a multipurpose floor would never meet the specific
requirements which a tennis court must
fulfill.
Firstly the countless lines on the floor
irritate players but more importantly the
tennis ball will bounce in a unusual manner for this sport and there will be no spin
due to the lack of rough surface which is
decisive for the ball movement.
Which type of surface is selected for an
exclusive tennis facility will depend 
Stadiaworld
on whether it is meant for indoor or outdoor use. If outdoor facilities are temporarily used in air halls during the winter
period then further considerations have
to be made.
For individual events and large tournaments there are mobile courts available
which are made of PVC and within a short
space of time one can create professional conditions which may not be required
for club tennis or in recreational facilities.
Everywhere in Europe where there is sufficient amount of water like is the case
in Germany you will be able to find clay
courts which are regulated in DIN 180355 and are the clear number one in Europe
(in the US hard courts are the clear leader). The slower surface which is played
on both by recreational and world class
players requires frequent watering, a careful setup and a dedicated groundskeeper. The „sand“ on the surface should dry
swiftly with the substructure being able
to store sufficient levels of moisture. In
the mentioned case when implementing
this in a temporary hall this system would
be appropriate. The groundskeeper must
determine the right level of watering needed. Furthermore in respect to lighting
this substructure will absorb much more
brightness with the need for additional
lights. In a further development of this
surface there are now all weather clay
courts which promise a number of specific characteristics. One of the features
of this surface that can be installed on
existing structures is that it requires a mi-
Sport floor
nimum of maintenance. The indoor hall
variation does only need minimum watering. As clay courts are clearly the more
popular playing surface than the hard
court version in the summer month many
operators have opted to providing such a
surface for their indoor facilities.
Concrete or asphalted courts with synthetic components need much less care
and maintenance. On the other hand
any slight change of the surface due to
bulges or tears can substantially affect
the ball movement. In this country hard
courts are built more with a focus on top
class quality and recreational use is less
of a consideration.
Regional and international
differences
In the area of indoor courts the predominant choice is carpet which can be a
number of different velour surfaces. This
is a particular feature in Germany as there a several carpet producers which are
active in the tennis segment and have
kept their focus on this market. At the
same time in some regions there are a
growing number of artificial grass courts.
When setting up a indoor tennis facility
there are range of surfaces to choose
from which include less popular classic
velour to various structure velour with or
without granulate compound or even a
granulate surface itself which can on request be fitted with back covers that have
various types of elasticity.
A system of plastic tiles can be used indoor and outdoor and is easy to clean.
The surface for all weather courts that
also can be used as mobile solutions
or for air halls in winter can be synthetic
panels which do not require any considerable maintenance and can be set up on
any level ground. This system is still very
much a new concept in Germany but it
has a chance to establish itself in cases
where temporary spaces need to be turned into tennis and all weather playing
areas in a short space of time.
From this large product variety clubs and
venue owners can select the surface
which meets their specific demands and
can be afforded within their budget. It
is of great importance to clear determine the requirements of the players and
consider the situation of regional competitors so that one has a facility that is
distinctive.
Companies operating in the tennis facility construction sector can provide recommendations which can help in the
decision making process. An experienced
expert cannot only help in choosing the
suitable material and system but will also
know will also have a clear idea how implement the project from a financial point
of view and will bring marketing concepts
to the table. The German Tennis Federation (DTB) has also compiled a guide
that deals with all essential issues in the
planning and construction phase as well
as the disposal of floors in cooperation
with IAKS (International Association for
Sport and Leisure Facilities.) „Handbook

Tennis Facilities“.
Close-up view
27
Images: Bergo Flooring AB
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Sport floor
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Stadiaworld
Sport floor
The blue track in Berlin caused a stir. Every operator can request such colours. Photo: Stadionwelt
Track and court surfaces for outdoor
facilities
The cinder of bygone days makes way for synthetic. Even though a layman might
not be able to distinguish one track from another flooring systems comprise of a
quantity of knowhow and functional features
W
hen designing outdoor sports facilities one has to decide which
area requires which substructure. The typical sports ground comprises
of a (football) pitch made of turf, artificial
turf or hard court, framed by a 400 metre
track. Field facilities as well as training
tracks for sprinters are situated in the
corners of the front sides of the ground.
Some areas can also be used as all-weather playing grounds for various types of
sport. Quite often children’s playgrounds
are attached. Except for the throw ring
and the sand pit modern athletic and
multi-purpose facilities use synthetic
tracks as flooring material. The same material with a different combination can be
used as fall protection on play grounds.
For tracks and multi-purpose flooring in
athletics halls the same product properties apply with the exception of features
that are adapted to weather conditions
and therefore will not be discussed separately.
Red cinder, the so-called hard courts
and tracks can still be found in Germany
though they get displaced more and more
by synthetics. The “tartan track” has become the synonym for synthetic tracks of
every kind.
However this is the brand name of an
US-American producer whose invention
in the 1960s allowed for the triumphal
procession of the synthetic track around
the world – comparable to the “Tempo”
tissue whose brand name became the
synonym for every tissue. The invention
had many advantages such as safety for
athletes, simple maintenance and 
The inside lane is used the most and therefore wears off first. A reconstruction is recommended. Photo: Porplastic
29
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
A good track is extremely hard-wearing and UV resistant. Foliage should always be blown off, moss should be
removed during basic. Photo: Brinkmann + Deppen
creation of equal competition conditions
and was soon seized by other manufacturers. The red colour and granular surface structure still conveys the historical
appearance. However the flooring as well
as the lining can be designed in various
colours.
In contrast to many other sport specific
technologies and building materials – the
development of artificial turf proceeded
at a comparable pace – the product hardly changed in decades. A professionally
fitted and maintained synthetic track can
preserve its quality for decades.
Substructure – not visible but
perceptible
Irrespective of deeper layers of the substructure (for example gravel) the synthetic track system begins according to
DIN 18035-6 with a lower and an upper
asphalt layer, followed by an elastic layer
and finally the wear layer. For the elastic
layer styrene-butadiene-rubber granulate (SBR granulate) and polyurethane
(PUR) are used as bonding agents. The
wear layer consists of ethylene propylene
diene M-class rubber granulate (EPDM)
and again PUR. The typical granulation
of the surface is formed by dispersing
the EPDM granulate on the surface. The
edges of the EPDM protrude into the PUR
after bonding. For some surfaces the elastic layer is not applied. Then the wear
layer is therefore made thicker.
The different properties of the various types of products and brands result from
the strength of the layer of material as
well as from its processing. The combination of its components also affects qualities such as insensitivity to UV radiation
as well as to cold and heat and a general
durability.
Insitu and hybrid construction
methods
Prior to this the various installation methods make the difference. Five different
procedures can be distinguished: Insitu
as well as hybrid construction method
and one where all components are prefabricated and only fitted on site. A fourth
option can be used for reconstruction
if parts of the construction can still be
Hybrid construction method:
Insitu method: Applied on site as a liquid.
elastic layer from a roll
Photos: BSW GmbH
30
used. Here the new track is installed over
the old one. The fifth construction method is the fitting of a complete system
delivered ex factory on rolls which differentiates in material from the other options – here rubber is used.
For the insitu method all layers are mixed,
applied and concentrated to the preferred lamination strength on site. Thus the
elastic layer already has a permanent
bonding to the asphalt layer.
For the hybrid construction method the ex
factory delivered elastic layer is agglutinated with the asphalt layer. Then a fluid
layer is applied in order to close the pores. Subsequent the wear layer is protracted by putting the EPDM granulate onto
the PU layer. A trained eye can distinguish
whether the wear layer has a structural,
spray, interspersed or cast coating based
on the surface finish. While the granulate
is bound as if it was glazed after a spray
coating the separate grains clearly protrude after interspersed or cast coatings.
Rubber as sheet flooring
The fully prefabricated flooring which is
installed as sheet flooring represents
a completely different design regarding
material and price. On the substratum
covered by a grid structure synthetic
rolled rubber is applied and then vulcanised. Here the waterproof surface structure is not corned but rather resembles a
knotted matt. In Germany this system is
hardly used as the described traditional
construction methods have clear advantages. Nevertheless the product from the
roll is an integral component of premium events such as the Olympic Games
and other IAAF athletics championships.
Hence the manufacturer can refer to numerous world records that were achieved
on rubber. At the same time it promises
more comfort for athletes and higher
speed by an optimised energy backflow.
The high-end product for professional
sport was designed for faster running
times as well as for jumping further. The
training track on the other hand is softer
due to higher damping. Furthermore there are also further multi-purpose surfaces
available.
The material is available in a considerable range of colours and can be finished
for installation in various ways. It can
easily be used for mobile and removable
tracks or playing fields. Due to the controlled fabrication in the factory a homogenous quality of the track is guaranteed
provided that the substructure on site
was built accurately – if only because
it cannot lead to diverging compounds
during varying weather conditions as it
might during the installation of an insitu
construction. Seams can hardly be 
Stadiaworld
seen and if partial damage should occur
tracks and segments can easily be replaced without much effort. Compared to
the insitu or hybrid method a rubber track
can be fitted within days. However due to
the adherence a dry substructure is required. One of the advantages of such a
track is that no granulate can be ripped
out or carried off.
At the moment there are about ten rubber
tracks in Germany. The most reference
objects can be found abroad, many of
which need to withstand extreme UV radiation in Southern Europe. The warranty
of a system lasts according to the German Construction Tendering and Contract
Regulations (VOB) for at least four years.
Sport floor
The presented materials and construction methods are not only used for various standard tracks but also for ball
and multi-purpose fields, for example
EPDM granulate without an elastic layer
according to DIN 18032-2 provides high
ball reflection and joint protecting qualities. Depending on the primary type of
sport exercised on the facility elastic and
wear layer combinations are available
which bring good results regarding force

reduction and ball reflection.
Application of granulate.
Photo: Gebr. Becker
So what now?
DIN 18035-6 grades synthetic sports
surfaces into six surface types ranging
from “A” to “F”. Types A, B and C are
water-permeable, types D, E and F are
water proof. Based on the construction
type the surface types can be assigned
to different fields of appliance. The waterpermeable type is rather suited for basic
sports grounds than for large stadiums
used for tournaments on a high level and
it can be obtained for a lesser cost price. Spray coating wears off relatively fast
and therefore only has a service life of
around 7 years. Types A to C are mainly used for school and mass sports, i.e.
for playing fields and multi-purpose use.
Spray coating is also suitable for reconstruction and re-topping. Surface type A
is suitable for spikes and therefore suited for track events. It can also be certified by the IAAF. In contrast to this type C
uses a basic single layer structure which
can be used depending on its thickness
(around 10-20 mm) for mini pitches or as
fall protection.
Cast coatings of the types D to F are suitable for training and competitive sports
on a higher level to top level. They are
more hard-wearing towards mechanical
exposures and meteorological effects.
This makes them serviceable for decades and due to their qualities they can be
recommended for district sports facilities
as well as for Olympic stadiums.
The asphalt is primed, now the track follows.
Photo: Stadionwelt
Fitting with special machines. Photo: SMG
A surface must be even and therefore needs to be applied accurately coating for coating.
Photo Garten-Moser
All layers including substructure and top layer.
Interspersed wear layer
Spray coating, e.g. used for reconstruction
31
Photos: BSW GmbH
Advertorial
Sport
floors
2012
Sports
flooring
New Standards for the Caribbean:
Class 1 track in the Hasely Crawford
Stadium in Trinidad and Tobago
T
rinidad and Tobago is a country
comprising two Caribbean islands
north-east of Venezuela. Its almost
1.3 million inhabitants are very keen on
sport. Cricket is the national sport, but
football is catching up. The national football team took part in the World Cup finals for the first time in 2006 in Germany.
The country’s best-known sportsman
is the athlete Hasely Crawford, Olympic
winner in the 100 metres at the 1976
Olympic Games in Montreal – so far the
country’s only ever Gold medal.
The athletics tradition goes back a long
way. Since Hasely Crawford, the islands
have repeatedly brought forth successful
athletes, most recently at the Beijing
Summer Olympics in 2008 where Richard
Thompson over 100 metres and the 4 x
100 metre relay them both won Silver.
Crawford is also name-giver of the 27,000
capacity stadium, the country’s largest,
which was built in the capital Port of Spain
(population 50,000) in 1980 and overhauled
for the first time in 2001 for FIFA U-17 World
Cup. Three football clubs are at home here,
Defence Force, Police FC and San Juan Jabloteh. Trinidad and Tobago’s football team
also plays its home matches here.
The government agreed to invest a sum
of about € 1.5 million in the modernisation of the country’s most prestigious
sports facility. The 8 lane track was showing clear signs of wear and the Hasely
Crawford Stadium was to be upgraded
with a track for Class 1 certification by
the IAAF (International Amateur Athletic
Federation). The Ministry of Sport also
supported the revamp in the expectation
that it would give sports tourism a boost.
For an archipelagic country that derives
a sizeable proportion of its revenue from
tourism, this is an important factor.
All pictures: Porplastic
In the modernisation project, the focus
was on creating optimal conditions for
sport, i.e. on the sports surfaces. After
a detailed tendering process and examination of the tenders, the contract was
awarded to the German company PORPLASTIC with its full PU system PORPLASTICM olympic, the flagship of PU-bound
sports surfaces. By handling the entire
earthmoving work such as removing the
old surface and repairing the asphalt to
the levelness standards of Class 1 certification, local PORPLASTIC partner APT
carried out the preliminary work for the
coating specialists from Germany. Without a suitable substructure it is impossible to apply a perfect sports surface.
The unpredictable climatic conditions in the
Caribbean made project realisation difficult.
The full synthetic track coating is applied in
a total of four layers, each of which has to
cure without any exposure to rain whatsoever. Although the PORPLASTIC experts had
to constantly asses when they would be
able to continue working without compromising on quality, they enabled the stadium to
be re-opened on 13th August with the holding of the 2011 Hampton Games.
Felix Sanchez from the Dominican Republic, Olympic winner in the 400 metres
hurdles, confirmed the excellent properties of the new track. The Olympic Silvermedallist Richard Thompson then ran the
100 metres in 9.85 seconds – the fourthfastest time ever.
The people of Trinidad and Tobago are
consequently highly satisfied with the
new track. Ashwin Creed, Secretary General of the Ministry of Sport, even calls the
track “the best that Trinidad and Tobago
has ever had”.
Due to economies elsewhere – PORPLASTIC and the local firm of surveyors
also contributed the design and project
management – the project kept within
the budget. Investment security has also
been assured, as the life expectancy
of the track is 15 to 20 years and guaranteed for 8.
With its resurfaced and upgraded Hasely
Crawford Stadium, Trinidad and Tobago
has thus advanced into the shortlist of
potential venues for international athletic

competitions in the Caribbean.
Contact:
Porplastic
Sportbau von Cramm GmbH & Co. KG
Hohenneuffenstraße 14
D - 72622 Nürtingen
Tel: +49 7022 244 500
Email: info@porplastic.de
Web: www.porplastic.de
32
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
Not every sports ground operator owns machines for intensive cleaning mainly specialised companies carry out these works.
Photo: Hörger Masschinen e.K.
Cleaning and maintenance in the
outdoor area
The maintenance catalogue should not be neglected in facilities with
synthetic tracks
H
igh quality synthetic tracks are as
mentioned earlier very hard-wearing
and offer a long service live. Material properties as well as the quality of the
professional fitting contribute to this. After
the installation is done the operator has
to start maintaining the facility. He needs
to prevent anything that might damage the
track by chemical or mechanical exposure.
For example a temporary colour marking
might be harmful to the wear layer but
also oil residues from vehicles can lead
to chemical reactions that might affect
the coating. Generally a track should not
be used for driving. However if this should
be required, e.g. for maintenance, the recommendations regarding the maximum
weight of a vehicle and the wheel load given by the manufacturer or the installation
company need to be complied with. When
stands or other structures need to be installed facilities for balancing the load
might be required. The snow plough should
also not have any sharp metal grates. Also
the used sports equipment should be
suitable for the use on synthetic tracks.
Cigarette ends and other exposure to fire
or blaze will cause damage. Therefore it
is obvious to take adequate precautions.
Facilities that are situated close to a stock
of trees with foliage and shadow cast or
affected by industrial emissions are more
demanding regarding maintenance care
than others. Especially shadows, moisture
and foliage facilitate the growth of algae and
moss on tracks. In the long run these can
settle in the pores and affect the functional
qualities of the surface in a negative way.
Regular blowing off of foliage and other residues from the track should be part of the
permanent routine, respective equipment
should always be available. Refuse often
clusters in the marginal areas. Sweeping
or sweeping vacuum machines that are
used should have synthetic instead of steel
bristles. Weeds at the seams of the edging
should also be removed mechanically in
order to prevent the roots from damaging
the substructure and the track coating.
Many municipalities and clubs have a highpressure cleaner available that can be additionally used for cleaning the track – notably with pure water as any additives might
rather cause damages. If a waterproof
surface should be wet after heavy rains for
example a sponge roller might be used to
dry the track. Respective equipment should
be available where competitions or important training takes place. Intensive cleaning
measures are usually carried out by specialist companies which can be subject to
maintenance contracts.
A basic and intensive cleaning is carried
out by means of special machines in
33
which only few operators invest themselves as this measure is usually due once
a year. The best time to do it is spring
before the season with intensive use begins. Afterwards a track that got a bloom
over the winter and due to neglect will
look almost as new. If requested or necessary a special deep cleaning can be
carried out within an interval of several
years. In this process special machines
are applied that use a watering-suction
method which helps removing even persistent residues from the surface.
A synthetic track cleaner for example
consists of a cleaning attachment in the
front mount and a container pump unit
in the rear of the tractor. A high-pressure
pump sucks in the fresh water and transports it via hoses to the front cleaning
attachment. Here the water is spread on
the ground effectively by rotating jets. At
the same time it creates a vacuum which
sucks in the water together with the dissolved grime. The dirty water is transported by a pump to the container in the rear.
Possibly after several years the surface
as well as the lining might be in a state
that requires further measures of repair.
This should be discussed with an expert
in time. If required measures are delayed
for too long a by far more complex reconstruction might be necessary.

Stadiaworld
Sport floor
„It is a huge mistake not to consult
an expert”
Interview with Siegfried Pohl, expert for planning and construction of
sports facilities
to standardize all kinds of sports flooring, including natural turf, hard courts
and synthetic. The requirements for natural turf by itself differ between Berlin
and Bavaria and even more so between
Southern Europe and Scandinavia. During that time only natural turf and hard
courts existed for ball sport as well as
for athletics. Since the Summer Olympic
Games in 1968 in Mexico synthetic surfaces for tracks prevailed. These were
further developed especially regarding
environmental sustainability and enhanced for other playing surfaces.
Siegfried Pohl
Photo: Stadiaworld
Stadionwelt: Mr. Pohl, what is your
professional background in the field of
sports facilities?
Pohl: I am a garden and landscape architect with focus on the construction
of sports facilities. I have worked in my
occupation for 45 years until my retirement. In this time I have build up STRABAG Sportstättenbau GmbH, Germany’s
biggest company in the construction of
sports facilities and in doing so constructed sports facilities not only in
Germany but all over the world. Furthermore I am a member of the Chamber of
Architects North Rhine-Westphalia and
of several committees of DIN German
Institute for Standardization. I am also
the contact person and consultant of
the IAKS, the International Association
for Sports and Leisure Facilities, in the
area of sports facilities and sports surfaces. Especially clubs and local communities contact the IAKS for information.
Stadionwelt: Which developments did
synthetic surfaces undergo during this
time?
Pohl: At the beginning of the 70s we
started to include sports surfaces into
DIN. It was a very difficult undertaking
Stadionwelt: How can one distinguish
the various running tracks?
Pohl: For example running requires harder tracks. A runner creates a vertical
deformation when running on a synthetic surface. A soft surface would be
more tiring than a harder one. There
are various synthetic surfaces such as
sheet flooring but also pour-on and cast
coating on site. Or sandwich constructions as in Berlin where sheet flooring
is covered with a cast coating. For mini
pitches and all-weather grounds for
example softer non-slip surfaces are
usually used.
Stadionwelt: To what extend is there a
dialogue between those who establish
norms and the manufacturers?
Pohl: The knowledge from practical experience with different surfaces is compiled in the DIN committees and is considered during standardization. Thus we
have revised part 6 of DIN 18035 several times. For example we approved the
use of synthetic with spray coating in order to reduce costs. However when wet
it will get very slippery which increases
the risk of injury and it is comparably
less hard-wearing. Therefore this costsaving surface is only build in for financial reasons. However this should only
be done outside of residential areas as
spray coating is a process where synthetic particles are swirled in the air
which could be inhaled.
Today all flooring systems from waterproof to water permeable are very sophisticated due to the experience and
knowledge of all those involved. When
interpreting “experience” as the “sum
34
of all failures” then this illustrates that
probably all possible mistakes have
been made and thus we were able to
suppress them.
Stadionwelt: Everything that comes on
the market is filtered by testing procedures. Are they not as contested as
technical details or standards?
Pohl: Concomitant to the work of the
standardization committee self-evidently testing procedure need to be developed. For example it is very important to
test the traction of a surface. But how
to do it? Respective methods and appliances as well as the products were
and are being further developed and
are subject to expert debates. Amongst
others the Otto-Graf-Institute in Stuttgart is an important partner of the DIN
committee. Testing methods for the European standardization are also coordinated with colleagues form other European countries.
Stadionwelt: Does a building contractor of a facility that is build according
to DIN need to fear that it will not be
standard-compliant in the foreseeable
future – especially regarding the European alignment of standards?
Pohl: No, basically standards persist.
And the requirements which result from
our national standardization are very
high – much higher than in many other
countries. This relates especially to environmental sustainability. Many countries use synthetic surfaces which are
not allowed to be used in Germany.
Stadionwelt: When does one have to
adhere to DIN and when to EN?
Pohl: It always depends on the contractual basis. Eventually the building contractor determines according to which
requirements the ordered synthetic
should be tested –to EN or the national
standard. If clean laid and meticulously
elaborated surfaces are requested one
should always tender according to DIN.
The European standardization EN does
not necessarily assure better quality
than DIN standardization. Therefore one
can furthermore negotiate according to
national standards. Moreover the development of EN is still in progress. 
Stadiaworld
There are lobby disputes in each single
country which lead to delays in the DIN
committee, especially regarding testing
methods. Therefore there is hardly any
progress.
Stadionwelt: Do these high demands
resulting from the standards lead in the
end to high-quality results?
Pohl: I have travelled Europe and the
world and in respect of surfaces I have
seen and experienced quite a few
things. Germany is on a top level, yet
the installation must be done by a specialised company. Especially regarding
small grounds quite often any landscaper or low-cost supplier is charged with
the installation of synthetic surfaces.
However an inaccurately built facility
is to no ones advantage; usually it has
to be ripped out and needs to be built
anew.
Stadionwelt: The decision maker in a
sport department or club is rarely an
engineer with the necessary knowledge
– what to do?
Pohl: When planning such a project one
should always involve an expert as a
consultant. Without one such a project
cannot be realised. It is important to
consider that the upper synthetic surface - this also applies to sheet flooring
– can only be as good as the overall
system, built from bottom up. For every execution there are test criteria and
an expert attends to each step at each
coating of this craft. Water permeability
as well as load-bearing strength of the
not combined as well as of the bituminous base course is very important.
Should any faults be made in this stratum the effects will extend right to the
top.
An expert can come from IAKS but in
Germany there are also many freelance
architects with long experience. The
expert than would act as a trustee of
the building contractor and would be
responsible for the success or failure
of the planned facility. The executing
company as well as the planner would
be accountable for any warranty claims
and possible damages.
Stadionwelt: Is the tendering process
actually laid out in such a way that it
facilitates or gives preference to the acceptance of optimum quality?
Pohl: Prior to the public tendering a
selection has to be made. For example it is not allowed to tender a certain
product. Rather a certain type must be
tendered to which several comparable
products belong to. Respective requirements can be taken from DIN and be
Sport floor
used as specifications in the tendering
text. It is common practice to hand in
samples which help during the decision making process. However you are
on the safe side if the provider shows
you a reference on site where one can
review the technical quality of the work.
Also it is not given that superficially the
lowest offer has to be accepted but the
most economical.
Stadionwelt: Regarding this are there
different processes in our neighbouring
countries?
Pohl: With respect to the awarding of
contracts of course there are different
directives in other countries. Ahead of
the tendering a cost assessment is
conducted in order to know the costs
of the planned facility. Is the tendering
result not in proportion to the cost assessment the error needs to be found.
In some countries the provider whose
offer is closest to the experts cost assessment is awarded the contract. Or
the two lowest and highest offers are
discarded. Then the provider with the
lowest offer receives the contract. Here
in Germany predominantly we work according to the Construction Tendering
and Contract Regulations (VOB) which
exactly regulates the award criteria. However one should always tender these
specific projects publicly with restricted
participation.
Stadionwelt: Is it a problem that tendering does not take into account what
happens after the installation of a
track?
Pohl: When only considering the sum
of the contract one might forget that
saving is not always the most economical way. Even more important is the
lifecycle of a synthetic track, including
maintenance. Respective tendering
is used for PPP models where one is
bound for around 20 years and municipalities often take care of maintenance.
The local authorities get a catalogue
of measures and a maintenance book
from the building contractor for maintenance and servicing. Everything should
be recorded in this book which is similar to the service book of a car. This
is not possible without a maintenance
contract. Every month or two an expert
should inspect the facility. His task includes checking on the maintenance
book and if necessary discussing problems with the operator for example
when repairs are due.
Stadionwelt: It remains to be seen whether a track and field facility can be
35
operated profitably – but are the possibilities often not used to utilise them
for a vast number of interested parties
and therefore also to generate some
income?
Pohl: Indeed this becomes more and
more a key issue. The pure track and
field facility is a model of past decades. Since football is building more and
more own facilities a sheer field and
track facility passes by reality as long
as it is not used to capacity by a base
camp or a club. The tendency clearly
goes towards multi-purpose sports. The
best facility is worth nothing without capacity. However if this should happen all
involved need to analyse the mistakes
made. Opportunities for athletics need
to be created but other possibilities
should be offered as well. In Holland for
example new paths are pursued with
several projects. They include sports
and playing facilities for everyone. For
example a chronometer can stimulate
to try running. There are many ways to
integrate interactive equipment.
A goal wall always invites to play, a multi-purpose facility for badminton, mini
pitch football or football tennis as well
as monkey bars with fall protection provide for further activities. This ensures
liveliness on the complex and certainly
a restaurant or bar can make sales. The
utilization concept should incorporate
all venues and other use which might
take place at the facility during a certain period of time and all those that
might lead into a dead end.
Stadionwelt: Summarising – which mistakes do you observe most frequently?
Pohl: One huge mistake is to not employ an expert. An external specialist
brings in his professional fee a number of times. However the employment
should start before tendering!
The second mistake is to not apprehend the maintenance need of a facility.
Depending on the environment there is
the danger of pollution and neglect, especially at outskirts of forests and near
industrial sites.
Thirdly I want to stress the importance
of accuracy during building from bottom
to top. Further one should not make the
classic mistakes of building a synthetic track around a hard court or a hard
track around an artificial turf pitch. The
red dust would inevitably pollute the
synthetic surfaces.
I like to use the comparison with a car:
When paying a lot of money for your car
you will take good care of it in order
to enjoy it as long as possible and to
maintain it in good condition. The same

applies to sport facilities.
www.porplastic.com
WISDOMS IN SPORTS # 2
WHO RUNS FASTEST WILL BE FIRST!
ON PORPLASTIC SPORTS SURFACES –
WHEREON ELSE ?
SAN FERNANDO STADIUM, VENEZUELA
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
FOR YOUR SPORTS SURFACE:
OSIJEK STADIUM, CROATIA
STADIUM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA
PORPLASTIC PARTNER ORGANIZATION:
BUILDING TRENDS – GLOBALLY
product development + factoring
systemadvice + installation
SPORTS SURFACES
cleaning + maintenance
SYNTHETIC TURF
revitalisation + renovation
PL AYGROUND SYSTEMS
DIN, DQS, IA AF certificates
Porplastic Sportbau von Cramm ■ Hohenneuffenstr. 14 ■ D-72622 Nürtingen ■ tel. +49(0) 70 22 / 24 45 00 ■ info@porplastic.de
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
The sports facility:
Planning, operation, concepts
A sports facility must not comply with conventional standards. Clever concepts can
increase capacity. Where damages occur reconstruction is usually necessary
A well maintained facility can keep its perfect condition for a long time. Amongst other things sand must be removed from the jumping pit. T
he type of the synthetic track which
a club or a communal operator
tenders should eventually be the
result from detailed consultation by a
competent and experienced specialist
in building sports grounds. One basis of
decision-making is first of all the utilisation concept of the sports facility: Is it
mainly a matter of training for mass and
school sports or should championships
be staged – and if yes on which level?
Every professionally fitted synthetic track
can be used for running and jumping. But
not every construction type is certified for
championships and international competitions. If the facility should be designed
for professional sports or meet highest
demands at least some times then it
must be of a certain making which ensures the quality over a long period of time.
Furthermore DIN 18035-1 is applicable
for the suitability for championships for
pitches, athletics facilities as well as for
the type of trackj (type D = “local”, type A
= “interna¬tional”).
In Germany quite often the insitu construction according to the norm is used
followed closely by hybrid construction.
Independent from the type of layer structure a seamless surface is formed. The
thickness and texture that is also shaped
by the grain size can and must be finetuned. No corrugations should form
Photos: Stadionwelt
A glance on the ground
constructed. However if the substructure
is intact there are different methods for
reconstructing the elastic and/or wear
layer. This can also take place by reconstructing particular segments. A method
which might be subsequently visible due
to differences in colour, but which does
not entail any differences regarding the
segments’ functional qualities when built
according to DIN. A further method is retopping. The old wear layer will be milled
off and a new elastic layer will be coated.
The construction of a new track on a prepared asphalt layer cannot take place
during rain. Depending on the building
technique this process will take two to
four weeks. The lining is included in the
price. After calibration the lining will be
applied by a special cart using special
PU colours. Afterwards the track 
A track with signs of wear – usually the
inside track is used the most and therefore primarily affected – or other faults
does not necessarily need to be built
anew. An important factor when deciding
between reconstruction and new construction is the condition of the asphalt
layers of the substructure. Should there
be major damages for example due to
frost heaving or faulty installation the
track might not be in condition for reconstruction and therefore needs to be newly
A shallow pit – here reconstruction is required.
as the surface must have a persistent
thickness. This requires a high level of
craftsmanship and should therefore only
be carried out by experts with respective
references. A track fitted with such expertise of highest quality will keep its functional and by DIN required features also
during high use and bead weather conditions – it is almost everlasting. However
this is not necessarily given when using
pre-fabricated tracks.
In German mass sport it is common to
use the construction method of spray coated surfaces on an elastic surface. This
variant with optional water-permeable
surface costs less than insitu tracks. Nevertheless its service life is only around 7
years as it wears off relatively fast.
37
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
An all-weather ground with multi-colour marking can be used day and night for multiple purposes.
Photo: Stadionwelt
Trendy offers such as climbing walls ensure additional
capacity. Photo: ScoS GmbH
The track with its large surface is a dominant feature of the sports ground and
therefore determines the type of the used
flooring system. This system can but
does not have to be used for all areas.
This makes it possible to construct certain zones with a thicker elastic coating
as fall protection. This guarantees an
area suitable for children as well as for
gymnastics and warm-up programs.
If the use of a small pitch should not
yet be determined the choice of flooring
should not be too specific but fit for multipurposes. This allows for using it for basketball or football. However if a tennis
court should be integrated the choice of
flooring might not allow using it for other
types of sport or using it with certain limitations.
If official competitions according to association regulations should be staged
the standards should be followed very
closely. Amongst other things the athletic
competition tracks need to be of a certain type which ensures a certain com-
petition level. If the facility should be for
school or leisure sports the dimensioning
of the playing fields does not need to follow standards and the choice of flooring
does not need to comply with that for professional sports.
It can be worthwhile reacting to trends
rather than maintaining underused facilities or facilities for sports that are
not exercised. In some places an in-line
skates parcour for youngsters might be
more attractive and better to capitalize
on than an old weather-beaten additional track. And not least considerate
revaluation can be achieved by the not
necessarily cost-intensive methods of
gardening and landscaping. This can increase the recreational value as well as
acceptance.
It must not always be a standard solution. The sports industry and experienced
companies form the area of gardening,
landscaping and sports facility construction offer many possibilities for implemen
ting interesting utilization concepts.
virtually does not require servicing. However depending on the location and
surrounding periodical cleaning should
take place. When the track is adjacent
to trees foliage should be removed but
also the wear layer should be cleaned
from any moss. Smaller areas might be
dealt with customary high-pressure cleaners. A basic cleaning of the whole facility though should be undertaken by a
professional company with a special cart
which will guarantee the highest possible result and make the track look almost
as new.
A typical sports ground type comprises of
a football turf pitch with synthetic athletic
track, artificial turf training ground, possibly an all-weather multi-purpose ground
and various training or competition facilities for field events. Excluding the sand
pit for long and triple jump and the concrete throw rings where there are no alternative materials available all other zones can individually be fitted with sports
flooring.
Sensible used area. Photo: Paul Keller GmbH
38
Indoor training track. Photo: Stadionwelt
Stadiaworld
Sport floor
Sample calculation
Building costs for a track and field facility
The following calculation is a non-committal example of the building costs for
an athletics facility. The area is taken as
a basis and therefore is only a medium.
Further data is with a practical orientation however it can vary during actual
procurement.
Additional trades such as ground sockets, edging, access roads and fencing
as well as sports equipment such as
hammer and discuss cages and jumping facilities are subject to individual
detailed planning and therefore are not
included in this calculation. The sports
ground itself is also a separate order.
The crucial cost factor of the initial investment is the make of the synthetic
track as is apparent from the sample
calculation. The cast coating is more
hard-wearing and has a longer service
life when used intensively than a spray
coating. If the existing substructure is in
good order it can be used for the new
facility. This way the complete financial
expenditure only emerges when building
a completely new facility. If repairs of the
substructure should be due before fitting
the new synthetic surface the price de-
pends on the amount of work. In many
cases an old track does not need to be
built anew as there are various methods
for surface reconstructions available.
The expenses for subsequent maintenance results from the maintenance
plan which is provided by the installation
company to the operator of the facility
and which is implemented according to a
maintenance contract. The maintenance
requirements of a complex depend on
the surrounding factors (industrial sites
and foliage from near trees have strong
implications).
New construction
Area: 5.500 m²
Complex type B according to DIN 18035-1 / arena type B
Including i.a.: 6 tracks, jumping and throwing facilities, markings
Additionally: sports equipment/fences/nets/etc.
Prices: Nett
Substructure
EUR/m²
EUR total/5.500 m²
ground level
0,80
4.400
*drainage course
4,00
22.000
Not combined base course
6,00
33.000
*2. layer not combined base course plus
2,00
11.000
bitumen base course 6,80
37.400
83.600
*necessary depending on soil conditions
107.800
Synthetic track
adhesion promoter (primer) synthetic surface/spray coating 0,50
22,00
2.750
121.000
123.750
0,50
30,00
2.750
165.000
167.750
Or:
adhesion promoter (primer)
synthetic surface/cast coating Total costs min.:
207.350
Total costs max.: 275.550
Maintenance equipment/Standard equipment around (including respective accessory equipment
machine can also be used for artificial turf)
Before: Hard court surface in an urban
stadium. Photo: Stadionwelt
Der Aufwand für die anschließende Unterhaltspflege geht aus einem Pflegeplan
hervor, den der Einbaubetrieb dem Betreiber einer Anlage an die Hand gibt und
anhand eines Wartungsvertrages mit
umsetzt. Der Pflegebedarf einer Anlage
hängt stark von den Umgebungsbedingungen ab (Industrieanlagen in der Umgebung und Laub von nahem Baumbestand etc. wirken sich stark aus).
15.000
Reconstruction (re-topping) incl. marking
grinding of surface
priming after grinding synthetic surface/cast coating 2,50
0,60
23,00
13.750
3.300
126.500
143.550
39
After: The same facility after reconstruction,
now with synthetic track.
Photo: STRABAG Sportstättenbau GmbH
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Supplier index Sports flooring
Supplier index Sport floor
Sports-Floor » Indoor
Action Floor Systems LLC
From Action’s Mercer, Wisconsin headquarters, Action Floor
Systems LLC provides wide-ranging sports floor options for a
far-reaching customer base. Worldwide, the company’s premium, solid hard maple permanent and portable floors are
preferred for performance and durability.
4781 North U.S. Highway 51
US - 54547 Mercer, WI
Tel: +1 715 4763512
Email: info@actionfloors.com
Web: www.actionfloors.com
APT Chemieprodukte
GmbH
Producer of polyurethanes for sports flooring industry.
Hansestraße 73
D - 38112 Braunschweig
Tel: +49 5312 317280
Email: info@aptchemie.de
Web: www.aptchemie.de
Armstrong, DLW Sports
High quality sports flooring for multi-purpose use; from classic
sports and multi-purpose halls to kindergartens, fitness centres and rehabilitation facilities. Armstrong offers also pointelastic and area-elastic systems beneath the linoleum flooring.
Stuttgarter Str. 75
D - 74321 Bietigheim-Bissingen
Tel: +49 7142 71637
Email: info_sports@armstrong.com
Web: www.dlwsports.com
ASPG Deutschland GmbH
For fifteen years now the ASPG Deutschland GmbH deals with
the design, distribution and installation of special solutions for
sports surfaces such as permanent installations and sports
floor systems.
Fährstraße 36
D - 40221 Düsseldorf
Tel: +49 211 30329720
Email: info@d-aspg.de
Web: www.d-aspg.de
AV SYNTEC
SPORTBODENSYSTEME
GMBH EUROPA/
REBOUND ACE EUROPE
GMBH
Since 1993, the AV Syntec Sport GmbH markets the products
of the Australian licensee REBOUND ACE SPORTS ® as the sole
company in the German-speaking Europe. The product range
includes lowimpact systems for almost all sports, but especially for the sport of tennis.
Loewenichstrasse 14
D - 91054 Erlangen
Tel: +49 9131 898120
Email: info@reboundace.de
Web: www.reboundace.de
BASF Color Solutions
Germany GmbH
BASF’s masterbatches set the standard for durable coloration
and stabilization. With a broad portfolio of granules, dry blends
and liquid masterbatches and more than 25 years of experience, Color Solutions by BASF holds leadership positions in
European key markets.
Clevischer Ring 180
D - 51063 Köln
Tel: +49 221 964980
Email: anna.herbst@basf.com
Web: www.basf.com/masterbatch
Bergo Flooring AB
Specialist for the development, production and marketing of
sports flooring products made of synthetic materials.
Box 10, Ågatan 7
SE - 33421 Anderstorp
Tel: +46 371 587700
Email: info@flooring.se
Web: www.bergoflooring.se
BEST SPORT PRO Sp. Z O.O.
Best Sport Pro is a young, growing company from the city of
Zywiec, Poland that offers comprehensive solutions for halls
and sports stadiums. The portfolio includes various types of
non-roofed bleachers, seating solutions, sports flooring and
sports equipment.
Ul. Grunwaldzka
PL - 34-300 Zywiec
Tel: +48 33 4754030
Email: p.nikiel@bestsportpro.pl
Web: www.bestsportpro.pl
BOEN Parkett Deutschland
GmbH & Co. KG
Production of sports flooring as well as research and development of new products.
Industriestr. 41
D - 23879 Mölln
Tel: +49 454 280030
Email: boen@boen-parkett.de
Web: www.boen.de
BSW Berleburger
Schaumstoffwerk GmbH
One of the leading producers of high quality synthetic sports
flooring for indoor and outdoor facilities. Numerous sports
flooring systems for amateur and school sports up to professional and competitive sports mark the program of BSW.
Am Hilgenacker 24
D - 57319 Bad Berleburg
Tel: +49 2751 8030
Email: info@berleburger.de
Web: www.berleburger.com
www.stadiaworld.com
41
Supplier index Sports flooring
Sports-Floor » Indoor
CONICA AG
Development, production and distribution of sports surfaces
for athletics (indoor and outdoor), football (artificial turf) and
tennis (indoor and outdoor).
Industriestrasse 26
CH - 8207 Schaffhausen
Tel: +41 52 6443600
Email: info@conica.com
Web: www.conica.com
Descol Sportböden
Operates in research, development, production and laying of
polyurethanes indoor and outdoor flooring, including service,
consulting and customer service.
Duurstedeweg 7
NL - 7418 CK Deventer
Tel: +31 570 620744
Email: export@descol.nl
Web: www.descol.nl
Elan Inventa d.o.o.
Elan is a producer of sport equipment with a tradition of 65
yearsand more than 2,600 succesful installations. The product
range comprises surfaces, training equipment, stands, dividing curtains and stages, but also consulting, planning, construction and customer service.
Begunje na Gorenjskem 1
SI - 4275 Begunje na Gorenjskem
Tel: +386 453 51336
Email: www.elan-inventa.com
Web: www.elan-inventa.com
FieldTurf Tarkett SAS
One of the leading global companies in the area artificial turf
and sports flooring systems for indoor and outdoor sports.
2, rue de l’Egalité
F - 92748 Nanterre Cedex
Tel: +33 1 41204040
Email: fieldturftarkett@tarkett.com
Web: www.fieldturf.com
Forbo Flooring GmbH
Globally operating producer of sports flooring, adhesives and
plastic strapping; also for sports and leisure sector.
Steubenstraße 27
D - 33100 Paderborn
Tel: +49 5251 18030
Email: info.germany@forbo.com
Web: www.forbo-flooring.de
Gummiwerk KRAIBURG
RELASTEC GmbH /
Sportec
The Salzwedel-based Gummiwerk KRAIBURG RELASTEC GmbH
is a manufacturer of surface coatings. All of the Sportec surface layers and resilient layers are made from an ecological
perspective and on a self-developed technique and over 90
per cent recycled rubber.
Fuchsberger Straße 4
D - 29410 Salzwedel
Tel: +49 8683 701340
Hamberger Flooring GmbH
& Co. KG
Producer of sports parquet flooring and sports surfaces as well
as mobile and fitness flooring in the company division sports
flooring.
Rohrdorfer Straße 133
D - 83071 Stephanskirchen
Tel: +49 8031 700240
Email: info@haro-sports.de
Web: www.haro-sports.de
Holz-Speckmann GmbH
Distribution of mobile elastic surface indoor sports flooring under the brand SPEED-LOCK.
Weststr. 15
D - 33790 Halle/ Westfalen
Tel: +49 5201 189215
Email: info@speed-lock.com
Web: www.speed-lock.com
ISP - Institut für
Sportstättenprüfung
Institute for material testing on synthetic surfaces, artificial turf
systems, protective walls and prototypes of sports hall flooring.
Stormweg 6
D - 49196 Bad Laer
Tel: +49 5424 224799
Email: info@sportboden-gutachten.de
Web: www.sportboden-gutachten.de
IST Institut für
Sportbodentechnik
Independent testing institute for sports flooring in halls and of
outdoor facilities.
Freiburger Allee 28
D - 04416 Markkleeberg
Tel: +49 341 3586584
Email: bhaerting@t-online.de
Web: www.sportboden-leipzig.de
Kanstet OÜ
The Estonian company Kanstet Ltd, based in the capital Tallinn,
was established in 1992 by Estonian athletes, members of
National Olympic Team. From the beginning Kanstet’s activities
were focused on activity fields related to sport, especially to
the Track & Field sector.
Kärberi 34b-11
EE - 13919 Tallinn
Tel: +372 5117 920
Email: info@kanstet.com
Web: www.kanstet.com
MARA Sportsysteme GmbH
The MARA Sportsysteme GmbH from Hanover is a manufacturer and supplier of various sports surfaces. For soccer courts,
the company has developed two synthetic turf systems and two
band systems. Moreover, indoor surfaces for tennis, badminton
and squash courts are also part of the product portfolio.
Kiebitzrain 21
D - 30657 Hannover
Tel: +49 511 463663
Email: info@tennisboden.de
Web: www.tennisboden.de
Sports Flooring
www.stadiaworld.com
42
Web: www.kraiburg-relastec.com
Supplier index Sports flooring
Sports-Floor » Indoor
SPORTBÖDENSYSTEME GMBH
MEHA Dämmstoff und
Handels GmbH
For over 50 years, the insulating and balancing fills of the
MEHA Insulation Dämmstoff und Handels GmbH are used:
whether for new buildings or renovations, public buildings,
whether for residential, commercial or sports field surfaces. For
the latter was developed with a special solution MEHA-SPORT.
Böhler Weg 6-10
D - 67105 Schifferstadt
Tel: +49 6235 92550
Email: info@meha.de
Web: www.meha.de
Playrite
The company Playrite is one of the leading experts and manufacturers when it comes to manufacturing artificial surfaces for
the sport, leisure and play industries. Playrite is known for its
innovation and this is reflected in the company’s products and
corporate values.
Wellington Mills
UK - WF15 7FH Liversedge
Tel: +44 1924 412488
Email: info@playrite.co.uk
Web: www.playrite.co.uk
Polytan GmbH
Development, production and installation of artificial flooring
systems for outdoors as well as for halls as well as synthetic
track systems for professional, mass and school sports.
Gewerbering 3
D - 86666 Burgheim
Tel: +49 8432 870
Email: info@polytan.com
Web: www.polytan.de
PORPLASTIC Sportbau von
Cramm GmbH & Co. KG
Product development and worldwide installation of synthetic
systems sports hall flooring and artificial turf as well as indoor
and outdoor synthetic surfacing.
Hohenneuffenstr.14
D - 72622 Nürtingen
Tel: +49 7022 244500
Email: info@porplastic.de
Web: www.porplastic.de
PROCON Play and Leisure
GmbH
Located in Geseke, the sports flooring specialist PROCON
Play and Leisure GmbH is the road for its customers in Germany, Europe and even beyond. The products meet the high
demands of German DIN, European EN and American ASTM
requirements."
Van-der-Reis-Weg 1
D - 59590 Geseke
Tel: +49 2942 97510
Email: info@procon-gmbh.com
Web: www.procon-play-and-leisure.com
Re-Bounce
Recticel International uses polyurethane material in the production of foams, bedding, insulation and automotive engineering. Under the brand re-bounce, the company manufactures
customized documents for outdoor and indoor sports facilities.
Bijsterhuizen 2219
NL - 6604 LC Wijchen
Tel: +31 2464 87920
Email: paschko.klaus@recticel.com
Web: www.re-bounce.com
sbs Sportböden-Systeme
GmbH
Founded in 1979, the SBS Sportböden-Systeme GmbH developed itself as a system supplier for many sectors of the sport.
The company’s comprehensive service packages include free
consultations and visits, preparation of tenders, cost estimates
and offers, and maintenance.
Benzstraße 3
D - 49076 Osnabrück
Tel: +49 541 912100
Email: info@sportboden.de
Web: www.sportboden.de
Schmitz Foam Products
Unmatched in quality, innovation and customer service.
Schmitz Foam Products is internationally renowned in the field
of pre-fabricated shock pads for artificial turf sports fields. An
innovative, pragmatic and service-oriented company of technological pioneers.
Produktieweg 6
NL - 6040 KG Roermond
Tel: +31 475 370270
Email: sales@schmitzfoam.com
Web: www.schmitzfoam.com
Schneider
Präsentationstechnik
GmbH
Development and manufacturing of equipment and supplies
for protection of indoor sports flooring during non-sportive
events.
Vorst 1 - 5
D - 58553 Halver
Tel: +49 2353 91830
Email: schneider-halver@t-online.de
Web: www.schneider-halver.de
Schöpp-Sportboden GmbH
Production, delivery and laying / installation of: tennis flooring,
soccer flooring, soccer boards, artificial turf, multifunctional
synthetic flooring, ball stopping curtains and granulate.
Am Weidenbroich 3
D - 42897 Remscheid
Tel: +49 2191 997550
Email: info@schoepp-sportboden.de
Web: www.schoepp-sportboden.de
Sport- und
Fußbodentechnik Süd
GmbH
The SFS Sport- und Fußbodentechnik Süd GmbH is a company
specialized in the Sports facilities. It specializes in relocation,
renovation and repair of sports flooring systems, such as
sports halls, multi-purpose facilities, therapy rooms and gyms.
Zeissstraße 3
D - 71254 Ditzingen
Tel: +49 7156 177600
Email: info@sfs-stuttgart.de
Web: www.sfs-stuttgart.de
Swietelsky
Baugesellschaft m.b.H.
Filiale Sportstättenbau
Founded in 1936, the SWIETELSKY Baugesellschaft mbH from
city of Traun today is one of the leading companies in the Austrian construction industry with over 6,000 employees. The
division sports facility builds and renovates sports facilities at
home and abroad.
Styriastraße 41
AT - 4050 Traun
Tel: +43 7229 733331
Email: sport@swietelsky.at
Web: www.swietelsky.com
www.stadiaworld.com
43
Supplier index Sports flooring
Sports-Floor » Indoor
Tarkett Holding GmbH
Tarkett is a leading global supplier of sustainable flooring and
sports flooring solutions. With our vast experience and a broad
product of flexible PVC flooring, linoleum and hardwood floors
Tarkett is regarded as highly competent and efficient partner
in the market.
Nachtweideweg 1-7
D - 67227 Frankenthal
Tel: +49 6233 810
Email: info.de@tarkett.com
Web: www.tarkett.de
TenCate Nicolon B. V.
TenCate Grass is one of the global leaders in synthetic turf
blades and components and offers progressive system solutions for world markets. The turf components are engineered
with advanced application knowledge to meet the standards of
today's synthetic sport turf systems.
Stationsstraat 11
NL - 7607 GX Almelo
Tel: +31 546 544911
Email: royal@tencate.com
Web: www.tencate.com
Westag & Getalit AG
Westag & Getalit AG is one of the major European manufacturers of wood and plastic products based in Rheda-Wiedenbrück. In the field of sports halls and industrial buildings, the
company offers solutions for the construction of sports halls
and stages.
Hellweg 15
D - 33378 Rheda-Wiedenbrück
Tel: +49 5242 170
Email: zentral@westag-getalit.de
Web: www.westag-getalit.de
ANRIN GmbH
Solutions and concepts for all drainage problems also for outdoor
sports facilities.
Siemensstr. 1
D - 59609 Anröchte
Tel: +49 2947 97810
Email: info@anrin.com
Web: www.anrin.com
APT Chemieprodukte
GmbH
Producer of polyurethanes for sports flooring industry.
Hansestraße 73
D - 38112 Braunschweig
Tel: +49 5312 317280
Email: info@aptchemie.de
Web: www.aptchemie.de
ASPG Deutschland GmbH
For fifteen years now the ASPG Deutschland GmbH deals with
the design, distribution and installation of special solutions for
sports surfaces such as permanent installations and sports
floor systems.
Fährstraße 36
D - 40221 Düsseldorf
Tel: +49 211 30329720
Email: info@d-aspg.de
Web: www.d-aspg.de
AV SYNTEC
SPORTBODENSYSTEME
GMBH EUROPA/
REBOUND ACE EUROPE
GMBH
Since 1993, the AV Syntec Sport GmbH markets the products
of the Australian licensee REBOUND ACE SPORTS ® as the sole
company in the German-speaking Europe. The product range
includes lowimpact systems for almost all sports, but especially for the sport of tennis.
Loewenichstrasse 14
D - 91054 Erlangen
Tel: +49 9131 898120
Email: info@reboundace.de
Web: www.reboundace.de
BASF Color Solutions
Germany GmbH
BASF’s masterbatches set the standard for durable coloration
and stabilization. With a broad portfolio of granules, dry blends
and liquid masterbatches and more than 25 years of experience, Color Solutions by BASF holds leadership positions in
European key markets.
Clevischer Ring 180
D - 51063 Köln
Tel: +49 221 964980
Email: anna.herbst@basf.com
Web: www.basf.com/masterbatch
BECO Bermüller & Co.
GmbH
BECO Bermüller offers high-quality products, expert solutions
and high reliability in sports field construction materials and
sports equipment. Through collaboration with specialists, testing laboratories, planners and operators practical and economical products are developed.
Rotterdamer Str. 7
D - 90451 Nürnberg
Tel: +49 911 642000
Email: info@beco-bermueller.de
Web: www.beco-bermueller.de
Bergo Flooring AB
Specialist for the development, production and marketing of
sports flooring products made of synthetic materials.
Box 10, Ågatan 7
SE - 33421 Anderstorp
Tel: +46 371 587700
Email: info@flooring.se
Web: www.bergoflooring.se
BEST SPORT PRO Sp. Z O.O.
Best Sport Pro is a young, growing company from the city of
Zywiec, Poland that offers comprehensive solutions for halls
and sports stadiums. The portfolio includes various types of
non-roofed bleachers, seating solutions, sports flooring and
sports equipment.
Ul. Grunwaldzka
PL - 34-300 Zywiec
Tel: +48 33 4754030
Email: p.nikiel@bestsportpro.pl
Web: www.bestsportpro.pl
BSW Berleburger
Schaumstoffwerk GmbH
One of the leading producers of high quality synthetic sports
flooring for indoor and outdoor facilities. Numerous sports
flooring systems for amateur and school sports up to professional and competitive sports mark the program of BSW.
Am Hilgenacker 24
D - 57319 Bad Berleburg
Tel: +49 2751 8030
Email: info@berleburger.de
Web: www.berleburger.com
Sports-Floor » Outdoor
www.stadiaworld.com
44
Supplier index Sports flooring
Sports-Floor » Outdoor
Becker
CONICA AG
Development, production and distribution of sports surfaces
for athletics (indoor and outdoor), football (artificial turf) and
tennis (indoor and outdoor).
Industriestrasse 26
CH - 8207 Schaffhausen
Tel: +41 52 6443600
Email: info@conica.com
Web: www.conica.com
Descol Sportböden
Operates in research, development, production and laying of
polyurethanes indoor and outdoor flooring, including service,
consulting and customer service.
Duurstedeweg 7
NL - 7418 CK Deventer
Tel: +31 570 620744
Email: export@descol.nl
Web: www.descol.nl
everplay
Allwettersportanlagen
GmbH
The everplay Allwettersportbeläge GmbH is your specialist for
artificial surface in the sports area. Next to a various offer of
surfaces also cleaning, repairing and restoration services belong to the portfolio of the company.
Königstraße 4
D - 58300 Wetter
Tel: +49 2335 5161
Email: info@everplay.de
Web: www.everplay.de
FieldTurf Tarkett SAS
One of the leading global companies in the area artificial turf
and sports flooring systems for indoor and outdoor sports.
2, rue de l’Egalité
F - 92748 Nanterre Cedex
Tel: +33 1 41204040
Email: fieldturftarkett@tarkett.com
Web: www.fieldturf.com
Gebr. Becker
Sportanlagen GmbH
Specialist for sports facility construction (including sports
flooring) nationally and internationally.
Gottfried-Keller-Straße 2
D - 65232 Taunusstein - Hahn
Tel: +49 6128 2450
Email: info@becker-sportanlagen.de
Web: www.becker-sportanlagen.de
Genan GmbH
Genan is the world’s largest recycler of scrap tyres with large
recycling plants in Germany and Denmark. The technology has
been developed since 1990 and the plants are highly sophisticated and fully automated, no human hand touches the tyres.
Birkenallee 80
D - 16515 Oranienburg
Tel: +49 3301 5780
Email: genan@genan.de
Web: www.genan.eu
Gummiwerk KRAIBURG
RELASTEC GmbH /
Sportec
The Salzwedel-based Gummiwerk KRAIBURG RELASTEC GmbH
is a manufacturer of surface coatings. All of the Sportec surface layers and resilient layers are made from an ecological
perspective and on a self-developed technique and over 90
per cent recycled rubber.
Fuchsberger Straße 4
D - 29410 Salzwedel
Tel: +49 8683 701340
Hamberger Flooring GmbH
& Co. KG
Producer of sports parquet flooring and sports surfaces as well
as mobile and fitness flooring in the company division sports
flooring.
Rohrdorfer Straße 133
D - 83071 Stephanskirchen
Tel: +49 8031 700240
Email: info@haro-sports.de
Web: www.haro-sports.de
Hans-Joachim Weitzel
GmbH & Co. KG
The Hans-Joachim Weitzel GmbH & Co. KG is a nationwide
company operating in the construction of outdoor sports facilities. The versatile range of services covers the manufacture
and maintenance of many types of sports coverings along the
latest requirements of modern technology.
Großer Moorweg 1
D - 25436 Tornesch
Tel: +49 4122 95340
Email: service@hjweitzel.de
Web: www.hjweitzel.de
interfloortech GmbH
The interfloortech GmbH was founded in 2008 as an independent supplier and service provider for sports fields. In addition
to synthetic surfaces and sports flooring systems for tennis
and basketball can be delivered and installed.
Marienberger Str. 6c
D - 38122 Braunschweig
Tel: +49 531 48253160
Email: info@interfloortech.com
Web: www.interfloortech.com
ISP - Institut für
Sportstättenprüfung
Institute for material testing on synthetic surfaces, artificial turf
systems, protective walls and prototypes of sports hall flooring.
Stormweg 6
D - 49196 Bad Laer
Tel: +49 5424 224799
Email: info@sportboden-gutachten.de
Web: www.sportboden-gutachten.de
IST Institut für
Sportbodentechnik
Independent testing institute for sports flooring in halls and of
outdoor facilities.
Freiburger Allee 28
D - 04416 Markkleeberg
Tel: +49 341 3586584
Email: bhaerting@t-online.de
Web: www.sportboden-leipzig.de
SPORTANLAGEN
Sports Flooring
www.stadiaworld.com
45
Web: www.kraiburg-relastec.com
Supplier index Sports flooring
Sports-Floor » Outdoor
Kanstet OÜ
The Estonian company Kanstet Ltd, based in the capital Tallinn,
was established in 1992 by Estonian athletes, members of
National Olympic Team. From the beginning Kanstet’s activities
were focused on activity fields related to sport, especially to
the Track & Field sector.
Kärberi 34b-11
EE - 13919 Tallinn
Tel: +372 5117 920
Email: info@kanstet.com
Web: www.kanstet.com
Landschaftsarchitekten
Lehmacher . Siller
The engineering firm for outdoor sports facilities Dipl.-Ing. E.
& Lehmacher Dipl.-Ing. A. Siller has over 30 years of expertise
and experience in planning and implementation of sports facilities. The goal is individual planning and problem solving in
civil engineering field.
Katharinenstraße 29
D - 49078 Osnabrück
Tel: + 49 541 6688975
Email: os@lehmacher-siller.de
Internet: www.lehmacher-siller.de
Playrite
The company Playrite is one of the leading experts and manufacturers when it comes to manufacturing artificial surfaces for
the sport, leisure and play industries. Playrite is known for its
innovation and this is reflected in the company’s products and
corporate values.
Wellington Mills
UK - WF15 7FH Liversedge
Tel: +44 1924 412488
Email: info@playrite.co.uk
Web: www.playrite.co.uk
Polytan GmbH
Development, production and installation of artificial flooring
systems for outdoors as well as for halls as well as synthetic
track systems for professional, mass and school sports.
Gewerbering 3
D - 86666 Burgheim
Tel: +49 8432 870
Email: info@polytan.com
Web: www.polytan.de
Polytrack GmbH
The Polytrack GmbH is a leading company for construction, renovation, line marking, cleaning and safety surfaces of synthetic sports facilities. Municipal utilities in southern Germany rely
on the excellence of the MPA approved coverings. One strength
is the exchange of coverings and the renovation of old rinks.
Maximilianstr. 13
D - 80539 München
Tel: +49 89 41137380
Email: sw@polytrack.de
Web: www.polytrack.de
PORPLASTIC Sportbau von
Cramm GmbH & Co. KG
Product development and worldwide installation of synthetic
systems sports hall flooring and artificial turf as well as indoor
and outdoor synthetic surfacing.
Hohenneuffenstr.14
D - 72622 Nürtingen
Tel: +49 7022 244500
Email: info@porplastic.de
Web: www.porplastic.de
PROCON Play and Leisure
GmbH
Located in Geseke, the sports flooring specialist PROCON
Play and Leisure GmbH is the road for its customers in Germany, Europe and even beyond. The products meet the high
demands of German DIN, European EN and American ASTM
requirements."
Van-der-Reis-Weg 1
D - 59590 Geseke
Tel: +49 2942 97510
Email: info@procon-gmbh.com
Web: www.procon-play-and-leisure.com
Re-Bounce
Recticel International uses polyurethane material in the production of foams, bedding, insulation and automotive engineering. Under the brand re-bounce, the company manufactures
customized documents for outdoor and indoor sports facilities.
Bijsterhuizen 2219
NL - 6604 LC Wijchen
Tel: +31 2464 87920
Email: paschko.klaus@recticel.com
Web: www.re-bounce.com
Schmitz Foam Products
Unmatched in quality, innovation and customer service.
Schmitz Foam Products is internationally renowned in the field
of pre-fabricated shock pads for artificial turf sports fields. An
innovative, pragmatic and service-oriented company of technological pioneers.
Produktieweg 6
NL - 6040 KG Roermond
Tel: +31 475 370270
Email: sales@schmitzfoam.com
Web: www.schmitzfoam.com
Schöpp-Sportboden GmbH
Production, delivery and laying / installation of: tennis flooring,
soccer flooring, soccer boards, artificial turf, multifunctional
synthetic flooring, ball stopping curtains and granulate.
Am Weidenbroich 3
D - 42897 Remscheid
Tel: +49 2191 997550
Email: info@schoepp-sportboden.de
Web: www.schoepp-sportboden.de
TenCate Nicolon B. V.
TenCate Grass is one of the global leaders in synthetic turf
blades and components and offers progressive system solutions for world markets. The turf components are engineered
with advanced application knowledge to meet the standards of
today's synthetic sport turf systems.
Stationsstraat 11
NL - 7607 GX Almelo
Tel: +31 546 544911
Email: royal@tencate.com
Web: www.tencate.com
Operates in research, development, production and laying of
polyurethanes indoor and outdoor flooring, including service,
consulting and customer service.
Duurstedeweg 7
NL - 7418 CK Deventer
Tel: +31 570 620744
Email: export@descol.nl
Web: www.descol.nl
Sports-Floor » Maintenance-Equipment
Descol Sportböden
www.stadiaworld.com
46
Supplier index Sports flooring
Sports-Floor » Maintenance-Equipment
Forbo Flooring GmbH
Globally operating producer of sports flooring, adhesives and
plastic strapping; also for sports and leisure sector.
Steubenstraße 27
D - 33100 Paderborn
Tel: +49 5251 18030
Email: info.germany@forbo.com
Web: www.forbo-flooring.de
Hako GmbH
One of the globally leading producers of cutting edge technology for indoor and outdoor cleansing, including athletics tracks.
Hamburger Straße 209-239
D - 23843 Bad Oldesloe
Tel: +49 4531 8060
Email: info@hako.com
Web: www.hako.com
Hörger Maschinen e.K.
Specialist manufacturer of cleaning machines for synthetic
sports surfaces as well as accessory equipment for tuggers
for cleansing of synthetic tracks and of filled and non-filled
artificial turf.
Langenstraße 2
D - 21781 Cadenberge
Tel: +49 4777 931373
Email: info@hoerger-maschinen.de
Web: www.hoerger-maschinen.eu
Mawep GmbH
SportstättenmarkierungSportgerätehandel
Specialist for lining, survey and marking of indoor and outdoor
sports facilities.
Friedrich-Lamp-Straße 20
D - 24326 Ascheberg
Tel: +49 4526 8244
Email: info@mawep.de
Web: www.mawep-sport.de
Polytrack GmbH
The Polytrack GmbH is a leading company for construction, renovation, line marking, cleaning and safety surfaces of synthetic sports facilities. Municipal utilities in southern Germany rely
on the excellence of the MPA approved coverings. One strength
is the exchange of coverings and the renovation of old rinks.
Maximilianstr. 13
D - 80539 München
Tel: +49 89 41137380
Email: sw@polytrack.de
Web: www.polytrack.de
Schneider
Präsentationstechnik
GmbH
Development and manufacturing of equipment and supplies
for protection of indoor sports flooring during non-sportive
events.
Vorst 1 - 5
D - 58553 Halver
Tel: +49 2353 91830
Email: schneider-halver@t-online.de
Web: www.schneider-halver.de
SMG
Sportplatzmaschinenbau
GmbH
Production and worldwide distribution of installation and cleaning machines for sports surfaces.
Robert-Bosch-Str. 3
D - 89269 Vöhringen
Tel: +49 7306 96650
Email: info@smg-gmbh.de
Web: www.smg-gmbh.de
STAUF Klebstoffwerk
GmbH
Development and production of synthetic special adhesives for
artificial turf systems and others.
Oberhausener Straße 1
D - 57234 Wilnsdorf
Tel: +49 2739 3010
Email: info@stauf.de
Web: www.stauf.de
Instituut voor
Sportaccommodaties B.V.
The Dutch Institute for Sports Facilities (Instituut voor Sportaccommodaties BV), also known under the name of ISA Sport, is
an independent, professional organization that specializes in
high quality, durable and safe sports facilities.
Papendallaan 7
NL - 6816 VD Arnhem
Tel: +31 26 4834637
Email: info@isa-sport.com
Web: www.isa-sport.com
ISP - Institut für
Sportstättenprüfung
Institute for material testing on synthetic surfaces, artificial turf
systems, protective walls and prototypes of sports hall flooring.
Stormweg 6
D - 49196 Bad Laer
Tel: +49 5424 224799
Email: info@sportboden-gutachten.de
Web: www.sportboden-gutachten.de
IST Institut für
Sportbodentechnik
Independent testing institute for sports flooring in halls and of
outdoor facilities.
Freiburger Allee 28
D - 04416 Markkleeberg
Tel: +49 341 3586584
Email: bhaerting@t-online.de
Web: www.sportboden-leipzig.de
Sports-Floor » Testing
www.stadiaworld.com
47
Supplier index Sports flooring
Covering-systems
3H GmbH | RaumManagement-Systeme
Offer comprises of development of individual concepts, detailed
product advice and on site presentation, support in the planning
stage and execution of projects in the area of stages and telescope
stands.
Reutenhofstraße 1
D - 71570 Oppenweiler
Tel: +49 7191 44944
Email: vertrieb@3h-gmbh.de
Web: www.3h-gmbh.de
Action Floor Systems LLC
From Action’s Mercer, Wisconsin headquarters, Action Floor
Systems LLC provides wide-ranging sports floor options for a
far-reaching customer base. Worldwide, the company’s premium, solid hard maple permanent and portable floors are
preferred for performance and durability.
4781 North U.S. Highway 51
US - 54547 Mercer, WI
Tel: +1 715 4763512
Email: info@actionfloors.com
Web: www.actionfloors.com
Armstrong, DLW Sports
High quality sports flooring for multi-purpose use; from classic
sports and multi-purpose halls to kindergartens, fitness centres and rehabilitation facilities. Armstrong offers also pointelastic and area-elastic systems beneath the linoleum flooring.
Stuttgarter Str. 75
D - 74321 Bietigheim-Bissingen
Tel: +49 7142 71637
Email: info_sports@armstrong.com
Web: www.dlwsports.com
ASPG Deutschland GmbH
For fifteen years now the ASPG Deutschland GmbH deals with
the design, distribution and installation of special solutions for
sports surfaces such as permanent installations and sports
floor systems.
Fährstraße 36
D - 40221 Düsseldorf
Tel: +49 211 30329720
Email: info@d-aspg.de
Web: www.d-aspg.de
DOLDterra
DOLDterra is the specialist for mobile ground systems in the
fields of sport, event and industry. From simple grass cover
Systema roll to heavy cargo load floor ProMa. DOLDterra has
the right floor for every requirement.
Sommerberg 1
D - 78078 Niedereschach
Tel: +49 7725 9141920
Email: info@doldterra.de
Web: www.doldterra.de
eps gmbh
The eps GmbH is one of the leading universal service providers
in the event sector and also a contact in charge for infrastructure construction projects and events around various types and
sizes. The company offers customized solutions for planningintensive projects.
Zum Frenser Feld 1
D - 50127 Bergheim
Tel: +49 2271 9954400
Email: info@eps.net
Web: www.eps.net
Holz-Speckmann GmbH
Distribution of mobile elastic surface indoor sports flooring under the brand SPEED-LOCK.
Weststr. 15
D - 33790 Halle/ Westfalen
Tel: +49 5201 189215
Email: info@speed-lock.com
Web: www.speed-lock.com
IBS international Ltd.
The IBS International Ltd. markets and produces high-quality
floor covering systems and tent solutions for the event area
to the industrial use. For many areas, the company offers the
particular product and helps to implement the set objectives.
Löhriether Str. 28
D - 97616 Bad Neustadt/Saale
Tel: +49 9771 630160
Email: info@ibsinternational.de
Web: www.ibsinternational.de
König GmbH
Kunststoffprodukte
ArenaDeck®
With the system ArenaDeck ® from the company König Kunststoffprodukte GmbH ice halls can rapidly be converted into a
multi-purpose arena. On the then isolated surface, sporting
events and fairs, concerts or theater performances can be
carried out.
Zeppelinstraße 14
D - 82205 Gilching
Tel: +49 8105 7727104
Email: matthias.traa@koenig-kunststoffe.de
Web: www.arenadeck.eu
Pro-Construction
The Polish company Pro-Construction rents mobile stands and
covering systems for sporting events and other events. The offer
ranges from a single stand up to the construction of a complete temporary stadium. If desired, individual special solutions
are also possible.
Ul. Kolejowa 3/16
PL - 32-700 Bochnia
Tel: +48 509 225707
Email: f.burghart@pro-construction.de
Web: www.pro-construction.de
PROFLOOR EUROPE B.V.
The company PROFLOOR EUROPE B.V. based in Waalwijk is a
manufacturer of portable ground cover systems, mobile access
roads and platforms for outdoor rock concerts. For the different
requirements PROFLOOR has developed several solutions with
specific features.
Van Hilststraat 12
NL - 5145 RL Waalwijk
Tel: +31 416 747113
Email: info@pro-floor.eu
Web: www.pro-floor.eu
RAI-TA SPORT Co. Ltd
Manufacturer of ice hockey facilities (board systems, glazing)
in Europe.
Klausenweg 2
D - 94249 Bodenmais
Tel: +49 9924 1650
Email: scantrade.melkko@t-online.de
Web: www.raitasport.com
www.stadiaworld.com
48
Supplier index Sports flooring
Covering-systems
Schneider
Präsentationstechnik
GmbH
Development and manufacturing of equipment and supplies
for protection of indoor sports flooring during non-sportive
events.
Vorst 1 - 5
D - 58553 Halver
Tel: +49 2353 91830
Email: schneider-halver@t-online.de
Web: www.schneider-halver.de
Westag & Getalit AG
Westag & Getalit AG is one of the major European manufacturers of wood and plastic products based in Rheda-Wiedenbrück. In the field of sports halls and industrial buildings, the
company offers solutions for the construction of sports halls
and stages.
Hellweg 15
D - 33378 Rheda-Wiedenbrück
Tel: +49 5242 170
Email: zentral@westag-getalit.de
Web: www.westag-getalit.de
You will find detailed company profiles on www.stadiaworld.com
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