Georgia through Montana - Association of Missouri Geologists

Transcription

A Location Guide for Rock Hounds in the United States
GEORGIA
Georgia’s nearly 59,000 square miles makes it the largest of the Atlantic seaboard
states. It is situated at the southern end of the Appalachian chain of mountains. These
ranges extend into the northeast corner where Brasstown Bald, a part of the Nantahala
Mountains achieve the highest elevation in the state at 4,784 feet.
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Georgia
Beginning in the northwest, where the Lookout and Sand mountains loom over rich
agricultural valleys, Georgia easily divides into five major physiographic provinces, each one
formed during different geologic ages and under varied conditions: the Cumberland Plateau,
the Appalachian Valley, the Appalachian Mountains, the Piedmont Plain (about 30% of the
state), and the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Thus rocks of every geological age are exposed
somewhere over the state’s varied surfaces. The upland northern counties are heavily
forested with hardwoods, merging into other forests of stately pines on the Piedmont.
Beneath the highland forests lie some of the oldest crystalline rocks in the East, both
igneous and metamorphic, strongly mineralized and dotted with once-rich abandoned mines.
Dividing the stratigraphically complicated Piedmont Plain from the coastal lowlands
in the Atlantic Coast Fall Line, so named from the falls or rapids in rivers at places where
they pass from the Piedmont crystalline rocks into softer and less resistant formations of the
Coastal Plain. This Fall Line extends southwesterly across the state roughly on a line
connecting Augusta, Milledgeville, Macon, and Columbus.
The first real Gold Rush in America occurred in Georgia following two simultaneous
discoveries of Gold by Negro slaves in 1828, one on the Lovelady place near Loudsville in
White Co. and the other on the Bear Cr. near Dahlonega in Lumpkin Co. Not only was
placer and lode gold found in abundance here and elsewhere, but the early miners and
prospectors panning the regional stream gravels discovered Diamonds, the largest a pale
yellow crystal of 4½ carats picked up near Morrow Station in Clayton Co. in 1887. Since
then, many fine diamonds have been found and are still being occasionally washed out of
gold pans. Many other gem crystal species occur in pegmatite exposures, such as
Aquamarine, Beryl, some Ruby-red Corundum, Spodumene and Topaz.
Georgia has been actively prospected for gold since colonial times, and the modern
gold panner should concentrate his efforts in the known gold-bearing areas. Lode deposits
usually consist of Quartz veins in solid rock, while placer deposits occur in a great many
regional streams. Much of the colors are Fluor Gold, too fine to be retained in any
commercial operation. The two most important gold belts include  the Dahlonega Belt that
extends from near Tallapoosa northeastward through Dahlonega Co. and Rabum Co., and 
the McDuffie County Belt extending through portions of McDuffie, Warren, Wilkox, and
Lincoln counties. In many places, but most notable in the lode gold districts, numerous other
colorful minerals occur in association with Gold, such as Chalcopyrite, Galena, Pyrite,
Pyrrhotite and some Sphalerite.
BALDWIN COUNTY
MILLEDGEVILLE, at state farmjasper.
BANKS COUNTY
COMMERCE, along Hwy. 59, 5 mi. E of Jackson-Banks Co. lineBeryl.
MAYSVILLE, area gravels along adjoining Co. linerock crystal.
BARROW COUNTY
WINDER, along rd. to Jefferson and 1½ mi. inside the Co. line in a Hornblendegneiss exposureBeryl, black Tourmaline.
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BARTOW COUNTY
AREA, Saltpeter Cave, as floatjasper.
CARTERSVILLE:  area barite pitsBarite, Geodes, Goethite, Hematite,
Limonite, Iron minerals;  area mines, as important producersBarite, Manganese,
ocher. Manganese deposits have a wide geographic distribution in NW Georgia, but most
important occurrences are in the vicinity of Cartersville and Cave Springs (NW Polk Co. and
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SW Floyd Co.).  E 1 mi., extending in a N to S trending belt about 8 mi. long and less than
2 mi. wide, with its S end W of Emerson and about 2 mi. S of the Etowah R., many mines,
prospects, and excavationsochers.
EMERSON:  extensive area depositsBarite, Graphite;  US 41 bridge over
the Etowah R., area Barite pitsBarite, geodes (crystal lines).
KINGSTON, S, in area fields, streams, rd. cuts, etc.agate, (banded, various colors),
jasper.
BIBB COUNTY
MACON:  at Holton Quarry, 7½ mi. NWagate;  N of Calloway airport at rd.
jct.Beryl.
BURKE COUNTY
GIRARD, along the GA side of the SC borderSavannah River agate, chalcedony,
Quartz gemstone, silicified oolite.
CARROLL COUNTY
CARROLLTON:  E 1.3 mi., in gravels of the Tallapoosa R.Rubies;  E 1.3 mi.
and just off Rte. 166, vein exposuresasbestos, Garnets, Olivine crystals.
VILLA RICA:  area, and  at Reid’s Mt., extensive depositsPyrite.
CATOOSA COUNTY
GRAYSVILLE, SE 1½ mi., in Knox dolomite exposed in an abandoned quarry
Barite, Calcite, Fluorite (purple cubes), Galena.
CHATTAHOOCHEE COUNTY
AREA:  stream gravelsgemmy chert, quartz pebbles (pastel colors), petrified
wood, Pyrite;  rd. cuts, banks, cliffsSelenite crystals.
COLUMBUS, SE section along Rte. 103 toward Buena Vista (in Marion Co.), area of
Randall Cr. near Ft. Benning, as float over a broad areasilicified wood.
CUSSETA, NW 2 mi. on US 27, a rd. cutSelenite crystals, decorative fossil shark
teeth.
CHATTOOGA COUNTY
GORE, N 6 mi., along lower slopes of Taylor RidgeHalloysite.
SUMMERVILLE:  S 2½ mi. on US 27: (a) along both sides of Hwy.agate; (b)
quarry on W side of rd.agate, chalcedony, chert, opal;  area of state fish hatchery on
Cloudland Rd.agate (cloudy, vivid red-banded);  W 3 mi. and 2 mi. N: (a) at the Marble
Springs Quarrygemmy marble (red and green); (b) E, in Taylor Ridge areaagate; 
SE 3 mi., on left side of US 27N, on the Roland Hancock farm, a pitgemmy chert.
CHEROKEE COUNTY
BALL GROUND:  area: (a) local depositstalc; (b) S and W of town, area fields,
etc.Staurolites; (c) numerous area minesKyanite; (d) the Bennett, Chapman and
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Hendrix mica minesAquamarine, Beryl, Amethyst, Garnet, Smoky Quartz crystals,
black Tourmaline, etc. (the accessory minerals of all mica mines include Almandite garnet,
Feldspar, black Tourmaline, etc.); (e) the Alexander and Cooley minesopaque Beryl; (f)
between town and Canton areaAlmandite garnet; (g) harmony Church, area pegmatite
outcropsBeryl; (h) Hickory Flat, 2 mi. NE on rd. to OrangeCorundum;  1 mi. W of
Fairview Church, on E side of Sharp Mt., areaStaurolite;  NE 2½ mi.: (a) the Cochran
Mica Mine (1 mi. from the Cherry Grove School, near old tenant house) agate,
Aquamarine, Beryl (yellow, green), Rutilated Quartz crystals; (b) 1 mi. W of the school,
exposed pegmatites Rutilated Quartz crystals;  SW 3½ mi., near Four Mile Church
and Shiloh Church, minesKyanite;  W 4½ mi., on N side of Bluff Cr., along Rte. 1
Staurolite;  SE 7 mi., on the Etowah R., at the Creighton-Franklin MineGold;  on
the Oscar Robertson farm; and  on the James Spears farm (fee) Staurolite.
CHEROKKE-PICKENS COUNTIES
NELSON (Pickens Co.), a 300 sq. mi. region surrounding this town contains many
pegmatite dike minesMica minerals, Quartz crystals, Aquamarine, Beryl, black
Tourmaline, etc. The most productive mining districts surround the communities of Holly
Springs, Toonigh, Woodstock, Cumming, Arnold, Orange, Canton, Nelson, Ball Ground,
Centerville, Jasper, Tate, Bethany Church, Dug Gap, Federal School, marble Hill,
Dawsonville and Holcomb Post Office.
CLARKE COUNTY
AREA, many old mines and prospectsgemmy blue Quartz.
ATHENS, along Apls Rd. across from the airport, in a fieldgem lime-green Beryl,
Quartz crystals.
CLAYTON COUNTY
MORROW (13 mi. S of Atlanta, Fulton Co.):  creek bedsDiamond;  the Laurel
Creek MineAquamarine, Beryl, red Corundum.
COBB COUNTY
BELMONT HILLS, on Smyrna-Belmont Hills rd. ½ mi. out of Belmont, turn E for ½
mi. on dirt rd., in quartz exposureQuartz.
MARIETTA, area near the National Cemeterybanded agate, mossy chalcedony,
Kyanite, jasper.
POWDER SPRINGS, S 2 mi., outcrop on Turner propertyCorundum.
CRISP COUNTY
CORDELE, area fields, cut banks, etc.moss agate, jasp-agate, jasper.
DADE COUNTY
RISING FAWN, S 1 mi., on E slope of hillHalloysite.
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DE KALB COUNTY
smoky).
ATLANTA, Emory University, area pegmatite outcropsQuartz crystals (clear,
BARNESVILLE, THOMASTON, area minesmany gemmy minerals.
BERMUDA, Rockbridge rd. to Macedonia church (near Stone Mt.), areaQuartz
crystals.
LITHONIA:  area quarriesCalcite, Epidote, Fluorite, Garnet, Thulite,
Tourmaline, Zeolites;  Rock Chapel Quarry, on N side of Arabia Mt.Calcite, Epidote,
Fluorite, Garnet, Thulite, Tourmaline, Zeolites;  N side of Arabia Mt.gemmy
crystals, Tourmaline, etc.;  Flat Rock QuarryHyalite opal;  Lithonia High School,
N 60° W 1 mi. and 1 mi. NW of the Covington hwy. on the Philips rd., a pegmatitegreen
Muscovite, Feldspar, Quartz.
STONE MOUNTAIN:  two area granite quarriesBeryl, Feldspar, Hyalite
opal;  area granite outcrops, in jointsUranophane (thinly coated with Hyalite opal).
DODGE COUNTY
DUBOIS, EMPIRE, JAY BIRD SPRINGS, PLAINFIELD, Miocene exposures in all
regional fieldsTektites (translucent, bottle green).
DOUGHERTY COUNTY
ALBANY, in Flint R.red jasper.
ELBERT COUNTY
AREA:  Rock Branch Church, old mica mineBeryl;  Harmony Church, area
Aquamarine;  Broad River pegmatite exposuresSillimanite.
DEWEYROSE,  at Antiock Hill, exposuresAquamarine, Quartz crystal,
Amethyst;  2 mi. N to W.B. Perkins placeAmethyst.
ELBERTON:  area Sillimanite minesMuscovite, Sillimanite. Mica-bearing
pegmatites occur in Carolina gneiss between Elberton and Hartwell in Hart Co. The known
mica district includes some 250 sq. mi., with most mining revolving around the old Chapman
Mine in Elbert Co. Similar mines occur also in Madison Co.  N 10 mi., on N side of Cold
Water Cr.: (a) the Chapman Mica Mine, on N side of Cold Water Cr.Aquamarine,
Garnet, Smoky Quartz crystals, Tourmaline; (b) the nearby Alexander MineBeryl.
OGLESBY, 3 mi. distant on N side of the Little Broad R., the Yellow
MineAmethyst, Beryl, etc.
FANNIN COUNTY
AREA:  stream beds, loose soil of fields, schist exposures, rd. cuts and banks,
etc.Staurolites;  extreme N part of Co., a short distance from famed Ducktown copper
mining dist. of TN (Polk Co.), areaCopper minerals.
BLUE RIDGE:  take Copperhill Rd. 1.6 mi. to a sawmill, turn left for 1 mi. on a
dirt rd. to Hackney farm (fee) Staurolites;  SW 4 mi., at the Bailey farm, area
exposures Kyanite;  W of Cole’s CrossingStaurolite.
MINERAL BLUFF:  cross RR on Murphy rd. to Copperhill, along sides of rd. and
adjoining forestStaurolite;  NW, at Windy Bluff, areaStaurolite;  ½ mi. SE of
Union, from where a schist outcrop crosses Mill Cr.Staurolite;  1½ mi. NW of Hogback
Mt., on the Thomas farmKyanite crystals, Quartz crystals;  S ½ mi., exposureTalc.
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FAYETTE COUNTY
FAYETTEVILLE, on the Homer Kellin farm, loose in field soilgem Amethyst
(some rutilated), Rutilated Quartz.
FLOYD COUNTY
HERMITAGE, E of Hermitage Jct. on Rte. 53 for 6 mi. (NE toward Calhoun in
Gordon Co.), turn E at jct., many area minesBauxite, chert, jasper, Marcasite.
ROME:  W on Rte. 20 to the Rice Springs Farms, areabotryoidal chalcedony,
geodes, Rose Quartz, etc.;  at the Ledbetter QuarryCalcite crystals (some with pyrite
inclusions).
FORSYTH COUNTY
CUMMING:  area stream bedsRuby;  E 2 mi., a small placer groundGold;
 E 6 mi. at the I.H. Gilbert farmAmethyst.
OSCARVILLE:  area rd. cuts, pegmatite outcropsBeryl, etc.;  N side of Silver
Shoals-Oscarville rd. and E of jct. with rd. to Four Mile ChurchBeryl, pegmatite
gemstones.
SHELTONVILLE, area pegmatite outcropsAmethyst, Beryl, Quartz (clear,
smoky).
SUGAR HILL, the Simmons MineGold.
FRANKLIN COUNTY
LAVONIA, area prospects and narrow lensy mica pegmatites crossing LavoniaRoyston rd. between Lavonia and Bowersvilledark green Muscovite, Galena, Quartz.
FULTON COUNTY
BIRMINGHAM, area of N part of Co. (old Milton Co.), many narrow pegmatite
exposuresMuscovite.
ROSWELL, E 3½ mi.Corundum.
GORDON COUNTY
AREA, the Piedmont Mine, abundant sourcesArgentiferous Galena.
RANGER, the Black marble Quarry on US 411Calcite, green Fluorite, Pyrite,
serpentine, Talc.
GWINNETT COUNTY
BUFORD, on Addison Lowe farmagate, moonstone.
NORCROSS, Hwy. 141 N to crossing Chattahoochee, in pegmatite on Green farm
moonstone.
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HABERSHAM (and RABUN) COUNTY
AREA:  Alec Mt., mines in decomposed schistsCorundum, Garnet; 
Piedmont OrchardMargarite, Ruby (brilliantly fluorescent).
CLARKSVILLE:  area minesXenotime;  S of the North Georgia Vocational
School, in fields and woodlands leading to the Soque R.Kyanite;  E ½ mi., stream
gravels and banks, veinsKyanite;  NE of the school on E side of the Soque R., in biotitequartzite pegmatiteKyanite crystals;  W 2 mi., areabanded agate, chalcedony,
jasper;  N, in U-shaped belt about 30 mi. long and from 100’ to ¼ mi. wide, most
important area in GA for mining purposesKyanite. Veins and lenses of coarsely bladed
Kyanite occur in mica schists, locally associated with quartz lenses and boulders of Kyanite.
DEEP CREEK, STONEPILE CHURCH, TURNERVILLE, WOODLANDS, many
regional vein pegmatite exposures and minesKyanite.
HALL COUNTY
GAINESVILLE;
 area:
(a) exposures along the Chattahoochee Ridge
itacolumite (flexible sandstone); (b) Glade Cr., gravelsDiamond;  regional creeks
emptying into the Chattahoochee R., many prospects and placersGold;  W 1 mi., in
stream bedCorundum;  NW 1½ mi. via Grape St., the Old Hope or Merck Mine, as good
specimensMuscovite, Feldspar, Smoky Quartz.
LULA, E 4½ mi. into Banks Co., on the Thurmond Standridge farm, a
depositKyanite crystals, Sericite, Vermiculite.
HANCOCK COUNTY
SPARTA:  area fields, rd. banks, etc., as floatcarnelian, chalcedony, jasper;
 W, along shores of the Sinclair ReservoirQuartz gemstones.
HARALSON COUNTY
BREMEN, W 1½ mi.Quartz crystals.
DRAKETOWN, NW 4 mi., at the Waldrop Copper Mine near the Polk Co. line
Copper minerals, Pyrite.
HART COUNTY
AREA, the old Water Hole Mine at Cross Roadsgem Beryl.
BOWERSVILLE, area schist outcropsSillimanite.
HARTWELL:  area mica minesassociated gem minerals;  US 29 E to access
rd. to Hartwell Dam, a quarry on rightgem Beryl, Garnet, Microcline, moonstone; 
SW 6 mi., at headwaters of Coldwater Cr., as crystals in biotite gneissSillimanite.
HENRY COUNTY
McDONOUGH, N 6 mi. (5 mi. S 25° E of Stockbridge), just N of the StockbridgeMillers Mill rd. and 1 mi. W of Millers Mill, a pegmatite mineMuscovite, pegmatite
gems, minerals, etc.
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IRWIN COUNTY
AREA, regional farm field exposures of Miocene rocks, especially around Osierfield
gemmy tektites.
JACKSON COUNTY
COMMERCE:  area: (a) hard-rock exposuresgreen Epidote; (b) Double Top
Mt.; and (c) Sugar Loaf Mt., areaRhodolite garnet;  on the J.T. Cheatham farmgem
Beryl;  NE on Rte. 59 and 5 mi. E of Co. linegem Beryl.
JEFFERSON, E 5 mi. on the Brockton rd., pegmatites:  near the Harris
Schoolgem Beryl, Smoky Quartz;  the Venable farm across rd. from the school;  N of
the school, at the Potts farm;  E of the school, the Webb farmgem Beryl, Mica, Quartz
crystals, etc.
NICHOLSON:  several area pegmatite exposuresgem Beryl;  W side of US
441: (a) toward Commerce, in pegmatite exposure; (b) a dirt side rd. just N of towngem
Aquamarine.
JASPER COUNTY
AREA, all plowed fields throughout Co.Beryl, Quartz, (blue, smoky).
HILLSBORO:  area rd. cuts (well known to gem collectors) Amethyst, Quartz
crystals (blue, asteriated, rose, smoky, clear), Mica, Vermiculite;  E 3 mi. on unpaved
rd., the Barron Fullerton Hospital, areaAmethyst, Quartz crystals (all kinds);  from
Baptist Church N on Hwy. 11 to dirt rd. 3 mi. to Barron Fullerton farm, near
farmhouseblue Quartz.
KELLY, NE 1½ mi., in kaolinized pegmatite, in mica schistMica.
MONTICELLO:  S along Rte. 83, area plowed fieldsgem crystals;  fields
along rd. to HillsboroBeryl, Quartz crystals (blue, smoky);  in dumps of 13 area
minesAmazonite, Garnet, Mica.
JONES COUNTY
ROUND OAK, areaagate, jasper, petrified wood.
LAMAR COUNTY
AREA, old mines and prospectsMica, Feldspar crystals, white Quartz.
BARNSVILLE:  an old mica mineblue Beryl crystals, mica;  SE 5 mi., in area
soilsApatite, Garnet, Mica, Quartz;  E 7 mi. and 0.8 mi. N of the Forsyth (Monroe
Co.) hwy., an old mine shaft in a pegmatiteMica;  S 80° E 7 mi. and 1½ mi. due S of the
Forsyth hwy. at the point where it crosses the Co. lineMica, white Quartz, Feldspar.
MILNER:  1 mi. W of the Barnsville-Griffin (Spalding Co.) hwy., and  ¾ mi. SW
of the Lighthouse, pegmatitesMica books, Quartz (milky, smoky).
RAMAH CHURCH, W ½ mi., near the Early-Vaughn Mine, pegmatite outcrop
Aquamarine, Golden Beryl, mica, Quartz, Feldspar.
LINCOLN COUNTY
LINCOLNTON, W 6 mi. on Rte. 378 to Graves Mt.:  on N side, a mine of the
Aluminum Silicates Corp. (fee) Lazulite crystals, gem Rutile (deep red), Pyrophyllite
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crystals (fluorescent);  Paschal and Phelps mines, abundant specimensGalena;  base
of mt. at picnic ground 1 mi. E of Washington Co. line, take footpath to saddle and top of mt.,
areagem crystals.
LOWNDES COUNTY
CLYATTVILLE, leave Int. 75 at Valdosta exit, turn W on Hwy. 31 for 5 mi. to
Clayattville, take Main St. W 1½ mi., then S on Bland’s Dairy rd. 4 mi. to the Withlacooche
R, collect at low water stagesagatized coral.
LUMPKIN COUNTY
AREA, stream gravels, from placersGold.
AURARIA:  S 2 mi., stream gravels of Baggs Branch, placersGold;  W, at: (a)
Battle Branch MineGalena, native Gold; (b) McKlusky Cr., the Topabri Mine close to the
Etowah R.Gold, Pyrite.
DAHLONEGA (gold mining center):  many area minesGold;  area placers
claims (fee) Gold, gem stones;  E, the Lockhart Mine on Yahoola Cr.Garnet, Gold;
 S 3 mi., Turkey Hill, many area mines and prospectsGarnet, Gold, Ruby, Staurolite,
Tourmaline, Zircon;  SE, at jct. of Long Branch with the Chestatee R., the Long Branch
MineGold;  SE, in bottom of the Barlow Cut, the Barlow Mine (largest of the old
saprolite working in the dist.) Gold sulfides;  NE several mi., the McDonald Mine
Gold, Pyrite;  NE 9½ mi., the William Mica Mine (2½ mi. SW of Ward Gap) colorless
Topaz.
PORTER SPRINGS, SE 1 mi., exposureCorundum.
LUMPKIN, UNION, FANNIN & TOWNS COUNTIES
Many Mica mines occur in these counties, primarily along the Blue Ridge crest near
the Lumpkin-Union Co. line. The mining section extends into the N part of Union Co. and
the S and E portions of Fannin Co. A total area of about 400 sq. mi. is involved, and nearly
all mines (which are locatable on topographic maps) can easily be reached by automobile.
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MADISON COUNTY
AREA, see Elberton in Elbert Co. Numerous scattered mines containing gems and
minerals described.
McDUFFIE COUNTY
THOMSOM:  area old mines, such as Columbia Park, Hamilton, Seminole,
McGruber and others; and  NW 12 mi., adjacent to the Little R., a Quartz mineGold.
MERIWEATHER COUNTY
FEDERAL SCHOOL, SW ¾ mi., the Bozeman Mica MineBeryl crystals, Mica.
GREENVILLE, N 40° W 6 mi. (12 mi. SE of Hogansville in Troup Co.),
minesMuscovite.
MASSINGALE, ½ mi. distant at the Ernest Stozier farm, off Hwy. 109 to the first
millpond, then first rd. left of millpond to fourth house on left, in pegmatite (fee)
Aquamarine, Beryl, Garnet, Tourmaline.
WARM SPRINGS:  1 mi. out of town along RR, areaagate, chert, jasper,
common opal;  15 mi. W at Pine Mountain ValleyRose Quartz, Beryl.
WOODBURY, W 5 mi. and 3 to 4 mi. due W of Cane Cr. ChurchMuscovite.
MONROE COUNTY
CULLODEN:  area mines and prospects, numerousMica;  N 4 air mi. and 1
mi. S of Monroe-Lamar Co. line, pegmatite site of extensive mica mining in large open cut,
with many other area cuts and old pitsMuscovite, Biotite, Feldspar, Quartz;  N 4½
air mi., near Co. line, pegmatiteFeldspar, mica, Quartz (milky, smoky).
FORSYTH:  area mines and prospects, and  S 47° W 7¼ air mi. (9 mi. by rd.) and
3 mi. SW of Brent, the Peters MineBiotite, Muscovite, Feldspar, Rose Quartz.
JULIETTE, many area mines and prospectsFeldspar, Mica, Quartz (milky,
smoky).
MORGAN COUNTY
APALACHEE, W, near Adair Plantation, outcropAquamarine.
BETHANY (Church), SE 1 mi., the Denson Mica Mines near Rock Cr.gem Beryl,
Muscovite.
BUCKHEAD:
 area farm of Benny Ray, in cavities in massive quartz
veinAmethyst;  E 2 mi., area exposureAmethyst, Quartz crystal.
MADISON:  NE 1½ mi., mineMica;  area toward Rutledge: (a) Hard Labor
Cr., in drainage area and tributary creeksCorundum, Rutile, pink Sapphire, Spinel;
(b) 1.6 mi. SW of Talking Rock, in mica prospectBeryl; (c) gravels of confluence of Little R.
and Shoal Cr.Corundum.
RUTLEDGE, take dirt rd. from Hwy. 12 for 2 mi. SW of the Georgia RR, on the Bill
Oxford farmCorundum.
MURRARY COUNTY
AREA, stream beds and banks, fields, rd. cuts, etc.Quartz gemstones.
CHATSWORTH, 3 mi. distant at Fort and Cahutta Mts., depositsTalc.
ETON, area minesBarite, talc.
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Georgia
HOOKER SCHOOL, N on dirt rd. to Fincher Bluffsilicified oolite.
SPRINGPLACE, area rd. cuts along Rte. 225 to the Sagate, chalcedony,
silicified oolite.
MUSCOGEE COUTNY
AREA, gravels along the Chattahoochee R. and its tributarieschalcedony, chert,
flint, jasper, common opal, opalized wood, etc.
COLUMBUS:  E 10 mi., via Rte. 103 to Randall Cr., turn right on dirt rd. to a
sandpitQuartz gemstones;  near Bull and Randall creekspetrified wood.
PAULDING COUNTY
AREA, 5.2 mi. E of the New Georgia Church, several granite pegmatite
outcropspink Feldspar, Mica.
DALLAS:  from W of Rte. 92 just NE of town, an area of many corundum mines
extending S to BrownsvilleCorundum (blue, gray, lavender, deep red);  SE 6 mi., loose
in soil, near Little Bob Copper MineAlmandite garnets;  SW to within 2½ mi. of the
Carroll Co. line and 3½ mi. SE of Rose’s Store (old Embry), near headwaters of the Turkey
Cr., area of active mining around 1914, many old minesCorundum, Mica;  N on Rte. 61
(halfway to Cartersville in Barstow Co.), at Burt Hickory Ridge, placersGold.
HIRAM:  the Little Bob Copper MineAlmandite garnet, Azurite, Limonite, Malachite,
Pyrite;  at nearby Garnet Hill, areagem Garnets. PICKENS COUNTY
AREA, Sharptop Mt., exposuresKyanite.
PICKENS COUNTY
AREA, Sharptop Mt., exposuresKyanite.
JASPER, S 2½ mi. to Harmony School and halfway to Refuge ChurchKyanite.
TATE:  area quarries in the Tate-Marble Hill dist.Almandite garnet, Kyanite,
Mica, Staurolite;  immediately S, at jct. of Rte. 5 and 143, a nearby outcropBeryl,
Feldspar, Rutile, Smoky Quartz;  SW 1 mi., the Holly Springs Quarry, in area forest
Apatite, Magnetite, green talc, Verde antique;  E 2 mi., as boulders of massively in
mica schistKyanite;  E 2½ mi., residual bouldersKyanite;  W 4 mi.: (a) SE of Rock
Creek on the Ralph Cook farm near Refuge Church, outcropGolden Beryl, Aquamarine;
(a) the Cook farm, outcropBeryl; (b) the Denson MineAquamarine; Mica;  SE 2 mi.
as buttonlike lensesKyanite.
POLK COUNTY
AREA, including much of Date, Walker, Chattooga, and Catoosa counties for a
distance of approximately 175 mi., as unusually rich deposit and outcrops, especially in the
Red Mt., formation seriesLimonite, fossil iron ore.
CEDARTOWN, area iron minesRhodochrosite.
RABUN COUNTY
AREA:  many regional old minesGold, Quartz crystal, Beryl, etc.;  extreme
NE part of Co., the Laurel Creek MineCorundum (major source of corundum).
CLAYTON:  many area old minesMica, Beryl, Quartz;  SE 4 mi.: (a) area of
the Germany Mt.; (b) at Wilson farmAmethyst (gem quality);  E 7 mi. and S of War
Woman Dell, the Becky Beryl MineBeryl (as large flawed crystals in pegmatite, with clear
156
portions suitable for cutting);  SW: (a) 7½ mi. old mica mine on Dicks Cr. rd.; (b) 8 mi.
Mark Beck farm via Warwoman and Dick’s Creek rds.Beryl, Mica;  on the dump of the
North Georgia Co. Mine, 4 mi. N;  W.T. Smith Mine at jct. of rd. E from town with Hwy.
28Amethyst.
RABUN GAP:  the Kell Mica Mineasteriated Quartz crystals;  N 1 mi., along
Black Cr.gem Amethyst.
TALLULA FALLS, area creeksCitrine, Quartz crystals (clear, smoky).
ROCKDALE COUNTY
MAGNET, NW 2 mi. and 1 mi. N of the South Ocmulgee R., in a pegmatite
weathered Sulfides, Muscovite, Feldspar, milky Quartz.
SCREVEN COUNTY
SYLVANIA, Hwy. 301 N almost to Savannah R., turn left for 8 mi. to a sharp turn,
take dirt rd. there ½ mile, along roadfossil agate.
SPALDING COUNTY
GRIFFIN, SW 2½ mi., rock outcropsgem Beryl, Quartz crystals, Tourmaline.
VAUGHN, N 2 mi. and slightly W:  in fields of the J.T. Allen farmgem Beryl,
Rose Quartz, black Tourmaline;  along both sides of the rd.gem Beryl, Rose Quartz,
black Tourmaline.
STEPHENS COUNTY
TACCOA, S 9 mi.Quartz crystals.
TOWNS COUNTY
AREA:  extending into Clay Co., NC, a region of mica schist exposures reaching
from (a) Winchester Cr. valley, along rd. as loose crystalsSillimanite, blue-bladed
Kyanite; (b) across Hunter Knob, NE side, a 100’ zoneGraphite, Muscovite, Quartz
crystals, Sillimanite; (c) through the Brasstown Church section (church yard and area rd.
cuts to NE, numerous zones) Sillimanite, associated with Kyanite, Biotite and
Muscovite;
(d) along Brasstown Cr., extending to Brasstown Bald, in pegmatite
outcropCorundum, Sillimanite; (e) along an abandoned hwy. to SW of Brasstown Cr.,
zone of schist 30’ to 35’ thickSillimanite, Sericite (as alteration mineral). This
mineralization zone extends to Tusquitee in Clay Co., NC.  Regional stream beds, banks,
adjoining fields and hillsidesgem Amethyst;  many regional old mines and prospects
along the Appalachian TrailCorundum, Sillimanite.
HIAWASSEE:  at Charlie’s Cr., in banks and gravelsgem Amethyst;  area of
Hog Cr., disseminated in minute crystalsChromite in Chrysolite;  SW 2 mi., the Hog
Creek Minegem Rubies, Smaragdite;  W for several mi., as linings in rock cavities of
exposuresRhodochrosite;  Lake Chatuge (reached via Hwy. 76 or side rds. E of Rte.
69): (a) beach gravelCorundum, Garnet, Kyanite, Quartz crystals, Rutile; (b) Elf,
area around Mt. Pleasant Baptist ChurchCorundum.
YOUNG, on S side of Track Rock Gap reached by rd. S from US 76, 2½ mi. W of
townCorundum.
157
Georgia
TROUP COUNTY
LA GRANGE:
 area:
(a) pegmatite outcrops near La Grange Airport
Aquamarine, Beryl (blue, opaque), Quartz (milky, rose), black Tourmaline; (b) along the
Young’s Mill rd., a pegmatite exposureBeryl, Quartz crystals; (c) N along US 27 a short
distance, on both sides of rd.gem Beryl;  N 1 mi. from town square, prospects in
pegmatitegreen Muscovite, Garnets, Smoky Quartz (crystals, nodules);  S on Rte.
219 to Cleveland Crossroads, the famed Big Beryl Mine (formerly the Hog Mine- fee)
Amethyst, Aquamarine, Beryl (crystals of more than 60 lbs.), Garnet, mica, Quartz
(rose, rutilated), black Tourmaline, etc.;  S 8 mi. to Smith’s Store: (a) S 100 yds. on W
side of Rte. 219, the Stevens place, a pegmatite outcropgem Beryl; (b) W 0.6 mi., on N
side of dirt rd. to Grady Hill School, a peculiar pegmatite outcropFeldspar, Biotite,
Muscovite, Quartz (rose, smoky), Tourmaline; (c) S 1 mi. from Smith’s Store and Hardins
Crossroads, on W side of Rte. 219, in a pegmatiteAquamarine, Beryl, green Muscovite,
Quartz (rose, smoky), black Tourmaline;  SW 10 mi. on the Gabbetville rd., pit on the
Hugh Allen placegem Beryl, Quartz (rose, milky).
LOUISE, just N of the Calloway Airport, the Chromite prospectBeryl, Chromite.
UNION COUNTY
AREA:  Gumlog Mt., area schist exposuresCorundum, Kyanite (crystals,
clusters), black Tourmaline;  2 mi. S of Hightower Bald, between Jacks Branch and
Shoal BranchAmethyst, Quartz crystals.
BLAIRSVILLE:  S 4 to 5 mi., areaGold, Sillimanite;  S of Hwy. 76 W,
especially ½ mi. E of Akin Mt. and 5 mi. NW in Teece Cr. valley, 1 mi. below hwy. Crossing
Gold, Kyanite (crystals to 2” long);  on S side of Track Rock GapRuby.
UPSON COUNTY
CREST:  area, gravels of Hurricane Cr.Beryl, Kyanite, Quartz crystals;  N 1
mi., on W side of Town Mt.Garnet, Feldspar, Kyanite, Quartz;  SW 2 mi., pegmatite
prospectsMica books to 3” dia.;  Mica HillBiotite, Muscovite.
THOMASTON:  area, a broad region of rich mines extending from SW of
Thomaston S of the Thomaston-Yatesville line to E and N of Yatesville almost as far N as
Topeka Jct., more than 50 minesKyanite, Mica, and associated gem minerals: (a) area
mica minesCitrine, Corundum, Garnet; (b) Goat Rock, rd. cuts along Rte. 19gem
crystals;  SW 3½ mi., on the Dolly Cherry placegem Kyanite, Staurolites (finest
twinned crystals in GA);  E 4 mi. and about 1 mi. off the Thomaston-Butler Hwy., the
Mauldin Mine (well know locally) Albite, glassy Microcline, Apatite, Biotite,
Muscovite, Smoky Quartz;  NE 6 mi., near jct. of Thomaston-Yatesville hwy., in banks
and cliffs of Wilmot’s Ravinegem agate, jasper;  S 20° W 3½ mi. by air (4½ by rd.) and
½ mi. due E of Bell Cr., the old Bell Mine in a pegmatiteMicrocline, Muscovite, Quartz
(milky, smoky);  S 5 mi. and 1 mi. W of the Thomaston-Butler hwy., on the Parker Ferry
rd., pegmatiteFeldspar, Mica, Smoky Quartz nodules;  S 50° W 5½ mi. and 1 mi. N
35° W of jct. of Patato and Womble creeks and between the two, a pegmatite mineMica; 
SE 7½ mi., the Mitchell Creek MineApatite, Muscovite;  NE 7 mi. at the Kelly
placeCorundum.
YATESVILLE:  Just outside of town, the Herron MineApatite, Beryl (crystals
to 7” long), mica, Quartz;  N 3 mi. by unimproved rd. that lies 0.8 mi. E of paved rd. to
Barnesville, the Adams Minegem Beryl;  S 46° W 3.8 mi., the Charlie Nims Mine,
pegmatite, on dumpMica books.
158
WALTON COUNTY
BLASINGAME, 6 mi. out on dirt rd. to the Malcom farm, a pegmatite exposure in a
fieldgem Aquamarine, Beryl, Mica, Quartz, Tourmaline.
WASHINGTON COUNTY
SANDERSVILLE, S 4 mi. on Rte. 15 and 2 mi. from Buddy’s Service Sta., at the
Hugh Taubutton farmchalcedony, jasper, agate, etc.
WHITE COUNTY
AREA, widespread stream gravels, placersGold, Diamonds, Topaz, Rubies,
Aquamarines.
CLEVELAND:  numerous Gold mining area (including Helen) Gold, gem
crystals;  N 4 mi., at the Dunbar Mine, placersGold.
NACOOCHEE:  area minesasbestos;  placer gravels of Bean Cr.Gold;  3
mi. and just W of the Cleveland-Helen hwy., placersGold (nuggets);  the Horshaw
MineGold, Diamond;  in cut on N side of Hwy. 17, 3 mi. Egreen Apatite.
WHITFIELD COUNTY
DALTON, cut banks and gravels along Tarr Cr.red oolitic jasper, black siliceous
oolite.
WILKES COUNTY
ADASBURG, area outcropsQuartz crystal.
WASHINGTON:  SE 7 mi., on the Wingfield plantation on the Wrightboro rd.,
extensive outcrop of quartziteKyanite crystals;  E on US 378 to Co. line, turn onto first
right-fork rd., then take a left fork to crest of hill, the Magruder Mica MineAzurite,
Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Galena, Gold, Malachite, Pyrite, Garnet, gem green Spinel.
WILKINSON COUNTY
GORDON, gravels along nearby lake shoreopalite, jasper, chalcedony, agate.
McINTYRE, area minesBauxite.
159
Hawaii
HAWAII
Of the twelve Hawaiian Islands which lie approximately 2,000 miles west of
California, four are mere barren rocks, and four are large, extremely mountainous islands
culminating in Mauna Kea (13,900’) and Mauna Loa (13,700’). Four other islands are of
lesser extent, but all are composed of basalt.
Almost the only minerals present on any of the islands are sands, some gravel, and
limestone, including deposits of calcareous algae and the skeletons of stony corals. In the
craters of the still active volcanic cones one can find sulfur.
LANAI
MANELE BAY, on SE shore, in cinder conesunstone.
HAWAII
HALEMAUMAU, on Kilauea, droplets know as Pele’s Tearsobsidian.
PUNA Dist.:  in lava flow; and  in green beach sands of Oahu and South Point
Olivine.
160
OAHU
KAILUA:  on N shore in basalt ridges, in ravines from Mount Olokanu, in washes
of Keolu hills and in H & D quarryQuartz crystals, jasper;  in Lanikai golf course
washesjasper;  in Wahiawa Valleyjasper.
KANEOHEE, on N shore, ridges in Koolau Rangejasper.
OLOMANA PEAK, in gullies, and also in crater of West Molokai volcanobanded
agate.
WAIANAI RANGE
POHAKEA PASSclear yellow Labradorite.
161
Idaho
IDAHO
With an oddly configured Panhandle shape, Idaho reveals a varied topography. The
central and northern portions are extremely rugged, encompassing the massive Sawtooth
and Salmon River mountain systems, with many lakes, and snow-laden peaks that rise more
than 12,000’ high. The mountains have been extensively prospected and mined for Copper,
Gold, Lead, Silver and Zinc. As a Gold producing state, Idaho ranks 9th in America. Many
abandoned mining ghost towns dot the mineralized areas.
The mountainous nature of Idaho led early prospectors from Virginia City, NV, and
Bannonk, MT into its labyrinthine watersheds in search of Gold and Silver. Idaho’s
mountain systems are the result of enormous batholithic intrusions that took place during
the Laramide revolution some 70 million years ago. Known to geologists as the Idaho
Batholith, this granite mass covers from 16,000 to 20,000 square miles and is probably the
largest and best-known such geological phenomenon in America.
The earliest known Gold discovery in Idaho was an auriferous sandbar along the
Pend Oreille River in 1852. Then in 1860 Captain E.D. Pierce found Gold near what became
the town of Pierce in Clearwater Co., with other rich placers soon being mined at Elk City,
Orofino, Boise Basin, Florence and Warren. Although many of the richer placers were
exhausted by 1870, the following half-century led to intensive exploration for lode Gold
deposits. Most of the state’s Gold came from lode mines after 1900.
In addition to the basic and noble metals, produced in astonishing abundance, Idaho
provided large amounts of strategic minerals of inestimable value to the emergencies of
World War I and II. Potentially, at least, the Panhandle State ranks above all others in
America in the importance of its mineral resources. Aside from the commercially valuable
minerals, the state provides an unusual abundance and variety of gemstones, gem crystals,
silicified woods, and other mineral items highly valued by collectors occurring throughout
the state in many more localities than enumerated here.
ADA COUNTY
AREA:  very many localities along Co. roads, prospect almost anywhereagate,
chalcedony, jasper, petrified and opalized wood;  gravels of Musselshell Cr. tributary
of the Snake R.Zircon.
ADAMS COUNTY
AREA:  very many regional old mines and dumpsAzurite, native Copper,
Gold, Malachite, etc.;
 Sturgill Cr., area deposits, prospect pits, and mines
Manganese;  Rock Flat gravelsDiamond, Garnet, Ruby, Sapphire, Topaz.
COUNCIL, SE 10 mi., the Mica Queen Mine in Sec. 8, T. 15 N, R. 2 E Muscovite.
CUPRUM, in limestone in contact zone where copper is mined in the Seven Devils
dist.Andradite garnet, Epidote.
MESA, in all area deposits of volcanic ashopalized wood.
NEW MEADOWS:  E 5 mi. along Little Goose Cr. Canyon, in gravelsDiamond;
 Hwy. 55, 7 mi. E, dirt rd. left, and pan or screen sands of stream at Rock Flat, for
stonesRuby, Garnet;  a few mi. S in foothillsRhodonite.
162
BANNOCK COUNTY
LAVA HOT SPRINGS, numerous area minesManganese minerals.
POCATELLO, the Moonlight Mine (inquire) Bornite, Chalcocite.
BEAR LAKE COUNTY
CLEVELAND, SE 1 mi., on E side of Bear R.nodules mixed Psilomelane and
Pyrolusite, wad.
163
Idaho
MONTPELIER:  E 3 mi., in limestone fissuresGypsum;  area of Paris
Canyon, the Hummingbird MineQuartz (impregnated with Cuprite and Malachite).
BENEWAH COUNTY
FERNWOOD:  SE 5 mi., Emerald Cr. and its East ForkAlmandite garnet; 
S 2 mi., gravels of Ruby GulchAlmandite garnet. Some of the garnet from this location
is Star Garnet.
BLAINE COUNTY
AREA, basalt exposures throughout Co., especially in the Pole Cr.
areachalcedony geodes (with Amethyst linings), Quartz crystal geodes.
BELLEVUE:  SW corner of Co., in Wood River Dist: (a) Wood R. and tributaries in
T. 1 S, R. 17 & 18 E, placersGold; (b) area minesGalena, Dufrenoysite, Magnetite,
Malachite, Marcasite; (c) Camas Croesus, and Tip Top minesPyrrhotite.
CAREY, gravels of the Little Wood R.agate, chalcedony, jasper.
HAILEY:  SW, in T. 1 N, R 17 E and S of Croy Cr.Galena, Gold, Monzonite,
Sphalerite, Uraninite;  W, in T. 2 N, R. 17 E, the Deer Cr. depositsBarite;  area
mines and dumpsGalena, Silver, Sphalerite.
KETCHUM:  area Lead mines in T. 4 N, R. 17, 18 & 19 Eargentiferous
Tetrahedrite, Arsenopyrite, Galena, Siderite, Sphalerite;  the Sawtooth Dist., area
minesProustite with Pyrargyrite.
BOISE COUNTY
AREA:  the Banner Silver veinsGold, Pyrargyrite, Silver;  Deadwood
GulchGarnets, Gold;  Willow Creek Dist., at (a) Checkmate, (b) Gold Hill, and (c) many
other regional minesGold, Pyrite, Silver, etc. This Co. has many old mines; the dumps
yield Quartz crystals, brilliant Pyrite, etc. in addition to other minerals.
BANKS, SE 11 mi., the Vaught prospect in Sec. 19, T. 8 N, R. 5 EColumbite,
Mica.
CENTERVILLE:  N to Garden Valley, pegmatite outcropsAquamarine; 
along Grimes Cr. on way toward Placerville; and (c) along Boise R. near Twin Springs, are
placersGold.
IDAHO CITY, in placer tailing and mine dumps, especially at Gold Hill mine
Quartz, Garnet.
PIONEERVILLE:  the Quartzburg area, and  around Grimes pass, lode deposits
Gold.
BONNER COUNTY
CLARK FORK (Dist.):  area old minesCopper minerals;  mines in T. 55 &
56 N, R. 2 ELead-Silver minerals.
164
BOUNDARY COUNTY
CARRIETOWN:  along Little Smoky Cr., in T. 2 & 3 N, R. 14 & 15 E, placers
Gold;  mines in T. 4 & 5 N, R. 13 & 14 E, lodeGold.
PORTHILL, SW 26 mi., in T. 64 N, R. 4 WGold, Lead, Silver.
165
Idaho
BUTTE COUNTY
ARCO:  W 20 mi., in the Lava Cr. districtManganese minerals, Tourmaline;
 in Antelope Cr. and Road Cr. areas and Upper Lost R. valleygeodes (Quartz or
Amethyst filled);  in veins in Wildhorse Canyon on E side of Hyndman PeakQuartz.
MOORE, follow Antelope Cr. canyon rd. 13½ mi. W, then drive or walk trail left to
Big Piney Mt.black agate.
CANYON COUNTY
MARSING, from rd. toward Homedale turn left at abandoned T Inn to Graveyard
Point, then left on canal rd. over bridge and 2 mi., crossing canal bridge and backtracking ¾
mi.gem Opal.
CARIBOU COUNTY
SODA SPRINGS, S a few mi.:  Sec. 2, 11, 13 & 14, T. 9 S, R. 42 E, and  Sec. 14,
T. 10 S, R. 43 E, regional depositGypsum, Sulfur.
CASSIA COUNTY
BURLEY, mines along Snake R.:  T. 9 & 10 S, R. 24 & 25 E, placersGold;  T.
15 & 16 S, R. 21 E, mines and dumpsCopper, Gold, Lead-Silver.
MOULTON, NW 5 mi. and just W of AlmoTopaz.
CLARK COUNTY
SPENCER, in Spencer Opal mine (fee) Fire Opal.
CLEARWATER COUNTY
AREA: Kelly and Morse creeks in T. 39 N, R. 10 & 11 E, placersGold;  North
Fork (of Clearwater R.) and its tributaries, T. 37, 38 & 39 N, R. 1, 2, 3 &4 E, placersGold;
 Rhodes Cr., gravelsZircon.
PIERCE:  area placer mines, and  along Orofino Cr. between Orofino and Pierce,
T. 36 & 37 N, R. 2, 3 &4 E, placersGold;  N 11 mi., near Headquarters, area
asteriated Almandite garnet;  in placer tailings along Rhodes and Orofino creeks
Sapphire, Epidote.
CUSTER COUNTY
AREA:  Alto dist., near Wild Horse Cr., minesScheelite;  Bay-horse, T. 12 &
13 N, R. 18 E, area minesLead minerals;  Bonanza and Custer mines on Yankee Fork,
T. 12 & 13 N, R. 14 & 15 E, lodesGold;  Nicholia dist., rich early-day strikesLeadSilver minerals;  toward head of Big Lost R., as well as all other Tertiary basalts
outcropping over a broad regionchalcedony geodes (Amethyst linings).
166
CHALLIS:  a 7½ mi. long
belt extending from the Pacific Mine
near Bay-Horse on the S to Mill Cr.
on the N, most deposits being in T. 13
N, R. 18 EFluorite;  Hwy. 93 S
to Hwy. 93A, then 8 mi. S on Hwy. 93
to bridge, stay on Hwy. 93 another
1½ mi. to Malm Gulch, hike of take
jeep trail 2½ mi. E to petrified forest
on ridgeagate, petrified wood; 
: (a) S on Hwy. 93A through gorge,
collect on hills and in valleys to
rightagate; and (b) 2 mi. on rd. to
leftblack wood;  Hwy. 93 to
Hwy. 93A, take 93A 11 mi. SE, then
Lime Creek Rd. E 2 mi., in
hillsagate;  N of town  8 mi.
in turn-off at Morgan Creek almost due N 27 mi., then sharply left toward Meyers Cove,
along rd.seam agate in volcanic ash.
CHALLIS:  a 7½ mi. long belt extending from the Pacific Mine near Bay-Horse on
the S to Mill Cr. on the N, most deposits being in T. 13 N, R. 18 EFluorite;  Hwy. 93 S
to Hwy. 93A, then 8 mi. S on Hwy. 93 to bridge, stay on Hwy. 93 another 1½ mi. to Malm
Gulch, hike of take jeep trail 2½ mi. E to petrified forest on ridgeagate, petrified wood;
 : (a) S on Hwy. 93A through gorge, collect on hills and in valleys to rightagate; and (b)
2 mi. on rd. to leftblack wood;  Hwy. 93 to Hwy. 93A, take 93A 11 mi. SE, then Lime
Creek Rd. E 2 mi., in hillsagate;  N of town  8 mi. in turn-off at Morgan Creek almost
due N 27 mi., then sharply left toward Meyers Cove, along rd.seam agate in volcanic ash.
CLAYTON:  area of Squaw and Thompson creeks in T. 11 & 12 N, R. 16 E, mines
Scheelite, lode Gold;  mines in T. 11 & 12 N, R. 17 ELead minerals.
LOST RIVER, on the North Fork of Lost R.agate, jasper.
MACKAY, area Copper mines and dumpsAzurite, Chalcopyrite, Chrysocolla,
Malachite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite.
STANLEY:  area stream gravels of the Stanley BasinCorundum, Gold,
Sapphire;  placer mines in T. 10 & 1 N, R. 12 & 13 E; and  along the Salmon R.,
particularly between Robinson Bar and Clayton in T. 11 N, R. 15, 16 & 17 EGold;  the
Willis placers along Stanley Cr.Cinnabar, Gold.
ELMORE COUNTY
AREA:  along the Boise R.: (a) Middle Fork, in T. 6 N, R. 10 E; (b) South Fork, in
T. 2 N, R. 10 E; (c) Twin Springs, in T. 3, 4 & 5 N, R. 5, 6 &7 E, placersGold;  the Neal
dist., area minesStibnite.
MOUNTAIN HOME, NE 25 to 50 mi.:  Pine mining dist., as stringers in granite
Cinnabar, Gold;  Featherville and Rocky Bar, regional old minesGold;  Atlanta,
famous old Gold camp: (a) T. 5 N, R. 11 & 12 E, minesGold; (b) W 20 mi., on East Fork
of Sevenholm Cr., in Sec. 13, T. 6 N, R. 9 E, the Hermada deposit, high gradeStibnite.
(The original old mining camp of Pine now lies under the waters of the Anderson Ranch
Reservoir.)
167
Idaho
FREMONT COUNTY
ASHTON, in volcanic rocks to N and then E of US 191 in Island Park
Calderaagate.
ST. ANTHONY, N 18 mi. and 8 mi. SE of Ivan, at Crystal Butte, areaandesine.
GEM COUNTY
EMMETT:  take rd. toward Horsehoe Bend and up Black Canyon about 1 mi. to
old diggings in rock wallsprecious Opal (containing red and green fire);  5 mi. E of
Squaw Butteagate.
PEARL, extending NE to Co. line and including parts of T. 6 & 7 N, R. 1 E, many old
minesGold.
GOODING COUNTY
BLISS, in volcanic ash along Clover Cr.opalized wood.
GOODING, area along both sides of Clover Cr. extending E into Lincoln Co. and
embracing a considerable regionopalized wood.
IDAHO COUNTY
AREA:  Bear Valley, a deposit in T. 12 & 13 N, R. 9 EMonazite, Uranium
minerals;  Lolo, Musselshell and Eldorado creeks, many once rich placer minesGold;
 Resort area placersCorundum, Gold, Zircon;  Salmon R. sands and gravels, both
sides and all tributariesagate, chalcedony, jasper, petrified wood, etc.;  Slate and
McKinsey creeksagate, chalcedony, jasper, petrified wood, etc.;  T 33 N, R. 5 E, six
or more ledges within a few square mi.Amphibole asbestos. The western and southern
halves of this large Co. are extensively mineralized and contain many old abandoned mine,
and mining camps.
BURGDORF-WARREN (the entire region S of the Salmon R.):  many area placers,
especially in T. 22 N, R. 4, 5 & 6 EGold, Monazite, Topaz;  in placer mining dumps at
mouth of Grouse Cr. S of rd. to Warner; and  beyond Secesh Cr. at Ruby Meadows in placer
mining dumpCorundum, Quartz.
DIXIE, N side of the Salmon R. along Sheep and Crooked creeksGold.
ELK CITY, region along side the American R. and the South Fork of the Clearwater
R., many old mines and placersGold.
KOOSKIA:  S, along the South Fork of the Clearwater R., including areas around
Stites and Harpster, placersGold;  E, along the Middle Fork of the Clearwater R., and
on Maggic Cr., placersGold;  N on Hwy. 13, then NE to sitepetrified wood.
LUCILLE-RIGGINS, regional placers along the Salmon R.Gold.
OROGRANDE, SW, the Buffalo Hump mining dist., many mine dumpsCopper
minerals.
RIGGINS, for several mi. to N in Little Salmon R.Garnet.
ROOSEVELT, E 10 mi., the Pringle-Smith Mine at Sugar Cr.Cinnabar.
WHITE BIRD, area gravels of the Wind and Salmon rivers, to 6 mi. N of town
Gold.
IDAHO-LEWIS COUNTIES
AREA, the Lolo Dist., many minesCopper minerals.
168
JEFFERSON COUNTY
CAMAS, in rhyolite near source of E branch of tributary to S fork of Camas
Cr.Topaz, Fire Opal.
KOOTENAI COUNTY
BAYVIEW, S and SW sides of Lake Pend Oreille, many mines and prospects
argentiferous Galena.
COEUR D’ALENE (Dist.), many area mines, (such as Bunker Hill and Sullivan at
Kellogg) Gold, Lead, Silver.
HAYDEN LAKE, area:  T. 51 & 52 N, R. 1 & 2 W; and  T. 48 & 49 N, R. 2 W,
many minesLead-Silver minerals.
SETTERS, area land surfacescommon opal (yellow to brown).
LATAH COUNTY
AREA:  NW part of Co., along Emerald and Ruby creeksGarnet;  the Hoodoo
Dist., area minesCopper minerals.
AVON:  N 6 mi., on flanks and crest of Mica Mt. in Sec. 15, 22, 23 & 27, T. 41 N,
R. 2 W, in pegmatite outcrops with numerous mines between Deary and Princeton, especially
the Levi Anderson and Muscovite minesgreen Beryl, Biotite, Muscovite;  the
Fitzgerald property and adjoining exposures in Sec. 27graphic granite. The pegmatites
found in a belt about 1 mi. wide extend for about 24 mi. in a NE to SW direction. There are
many prospects and old workings along the outcrops.
DEARY, E on Hwy. 8 to Helmer, in Boulder Cr.Garnet.
MOSCOW, W, toward Whelan and squarely on the boundary between ID and WA, in
decomposed basalt exposuresprecious Opal.
LEMHI COUNTY
AREA:  Blue Wing dist., on W slope of the Lemhi Range in Sec. 23, T. 14 N, R. 23
E, the Ima MineTungsten (Huebnerite) with Tetrahedrite, Chalcopyrite, Galena,
Scheelite, Sphalerite;  Parker Mt. dist., areaagate, chalcedony.
COBALT, the Panther Cr. valley 6 mi. below headwaters in porphyry dike extending
1½ mi. along Cr.Opal.
GIBBONSVILLE:  T. 25 N, R. 21 E;  T. 26 N, R. 21 E, regional mines
Autunite, Galena, Hematite, Gold, Pyrite, Torbernite;  along the Salmon R. and
area creeks, as placer sandsGold;  back of the Salmon R., as lode minesGold.
GILMORE, T. 13 N, R. 26 E, lode minesGold.
LEADORE, T. 13 N, R. 27 E, area minesLead minerals.
LEESBURG, area placersGold, petrified wood.
MAY, on W side of Pahsemeroi valley in ledge of porphyry paralleling Panther Cr.
and about 6 mi. from its sourceFire Opal, opalite.
MEYERS COVE, near Camas Cr. in T. 18 N, R. 17 E, 2 to 3 mi. NW, as vein fillings
in composite lode-type veins in Challis volcanics and Miocene porphyriesBarite, Fluorite,
Quartz.
SALMON, SW 45 mi.:  Blackbird Dist., on Blackbird and Meadow creeks in T. 20
& 21 N, R. 18 E, numerous mines and prospectsCobaltite, Chalcopyrite, Pyrite,
Pyrrhotite, minor Lead-Silver-Zinc ores;  T. 20 & 21 N, R. 21, 22 & 23 E, many regional
mines of considerable richnessAzurite, Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Cuprite, Malachite.
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Idaho
SHOUP, the Salmon R. and its tributaries in N part of Co. (near Gibbonsville), as
placers and lode deposits in same region but extending farther S near Leesburg and
SalmonGold.
LEWIS COUNTY
KAMIAH, SE 14 mi., exposureAmphibole asbestos.
LEWIS, NEZ, PERCE, IDAHO, ADAMS, WASHINGTON COUNTIES
The Seven Devils mining dist., extending along the Snake R. for about 120 mi.,
known as the Snake River Copper Belt, very many mines and prospectsAzurite, Bornite,
Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Covellite, Malachite, etc.
LINCOLN COUNTY
SHOSHONE, large surrounding area, especially W into Gooding Co.’s Clover Cr.
regionopalized wood.
NEZ PERCE COUNTY
AGATHA, area E and Nopal, opalized wood.
LEWISTON:  gravel bars all along the Clearwater R. between town and
Dentagate, jasper, (with Sillimanite inclusions), cherty Clearwater Picture stone (gray
with black stripes);  Clearwater R. gravels upstream from town for about 100 mi., but
especially between Lewiston and MyrtleFibrolite (gem Sillimanite);  all regional
streamsagate, Aquamarine, Garnet, Gold, Quartz crystals;  8 mi. down the Snake R.
on N side, on weathered basaltic hillsidesFire Opal (in black matrix);  11 mi.
downstream to gravel pits at Silcott, take steep hill trail to caves near top, in basaltfine
gem Fire Opal.
170
OWYHEE COUNTY
BRUNEAU:  entire region of the Bruneau Desert, along almost any access
rd.agate, chalcedony, jasper;  SE, in the Bruneau Canyon areaBruneau Canyon
jasper;  SE 8 mi. to Indian Hot Springs, then S past ranch 8½ mi., at Indian
Bathtubpurple agate.
CLIFFS (40 mi. S of Jordan Valley, OR), the Brace Brothers ranchprecious Opal.
ENTERPRISE, W 3 mi. and 2 mi. SW of Sommer Camp, in open cuts and pits in
perlitic rhyoliteOpal.
GRAND VIEW, along the Snake R., area placersGold.
HOMEDALE, S 2 mi. on US 95 to Graveyard Point marker, then 4 mi. W and 1 mi. S
to area of ID - OR boundary. A very rich gem agate area lying mainly on the OR side (see
map above).
NAMPA:  area of Graveyard Point, SEplume agate;  SW 8 mi., at Squaw Cr.
Canyon, just below jct. of Squaw and Little Squaw creeks and 3 mi. back of the Snake R., in
basalt gas cavitieschalcedony, Opal, onyx;  W, along Sucker Cr.plume agate.
OREANA:  area old minesLead-Silver minerals;  SE 6 mi., along Castle Cr.
precious Opal.
SILVER CITY:  Black Jack and Trade Dollar mines in townChalcopyrite,
Gold, Lead, Silver;  War Eagle and Florida Mt. veins in T. 4 & 5 S, R. 3 & 4 W, all
171
Idaho
fissure-type deposits with mineralization occurring as ore shootsArgentite, Cerargyrite,
Electum, Jamesonite, Pyrargyrite, Stibnite, Silver-bearing Tetrahedrite, etc.;  many
other regional mines, all abandoned, with occasional summer prospecting and placers, Gold,
Lead, Silver, Marcasite, Pyrite, Quartz crystals, etc.;  NW a short distance to ghost
camp of De Lamar, lode deposits and huge minesGold, Lead, Silver;  in mine dumps in
Long Gulchagate, Quartz, Cassiterite.
SHOSHONE COUNTY
AREA:  region of the Coeur d”Alene mining dist. (as extension from Kootenai Co.);
 the Idaho Giant and other mines, as center of one of the world’s richest Lead-Silver zones
Argentiferous Tetrahedrite, Barite, Galena, Pyrite, Pyromorphite, Siderite,
Sphalerite, etc.;  the Silver Belt, in T. 48 N, R. 3 & 4 E, and area in which the chief
product is Silver extending about 6½ E to W and 2½ mi. N to S, very many famous mines
Argentiferous Tetrahedrite, Galena, Sphalerite, etc.
AVERY:  the area to S on divide between headwaters of the St. Joe and
Clearwater R.Kyanite, Staurolite;  around Bathtub Mt.Staurolite.
CALDER, W, in the St. Joe (Benewah Co.) mining district:  many area mines in
Shoshone Co.Copper minerals;  along the St. Joe R., in T. 45 N, R. 3, 4 &9 E, lode
minesGold. (Most Gold from Shoshone Co. comes from ores mined for Copper, Lead,
Silver and Zinc.)
KELLOGG, the Bunker Hill and Sullivan mines (now combined) fluorescent
minerals (Anglesite, Cerussite, Pyromorphite), Lead-Silver minerals.
KINGSTON, area of the Pine Cr. dist. in T. 48 N, R. 1 & 2 E, numerous old mines
Arsenopyrite, Gold, Pyrite, Stibnite.
MURRAY (principal Gold mining part of Co.), lode minesGold.
PRICHARD, area creek placersGold.
WALLACE:  many area mines, some world famous, such as the Sunshine
MineGold, Lead, Silver;  T. 47 & 48 N, R. 4 & 5 E, placersGold;  S to Goat Mt., on
S side of mt.Kyanite, Garnet.
TWIN FALLS COUNTY
AREA, along Hwy. 93 and 3 to 4 mi. N of the NV state linechalcedony geodes.
CASTLEFORD, W, across Salmon Falls, Cr. to Balanced Rock, take dirt rd. W and
SW to Bruneau R. Canyon (Owyhee Co.), areaBruneau Canyon jasper.
VALLEY COUNTY
BIG CREEK:  area streams in T. 20 & 21 N, R. 9 & 10 E, placersGold;  NW,
to the Ramey Range dist. (extending into S part of Idaho Co.), many minesCopper
minerals;  E, to Long Valley, near confluence of Big Cr. with the Salmon R., one of the
richest Thorium placers in IdahoIlmenite, Garnet, Monazite, Zircon.
CASCADE: (a) in pegmatites on mt. just to N; (b) also with agate to S and E of US
55; and (c) in placer tailings along Big Cr.agate, petrified wood.
EDWARDSBURG, T. 20 N, R. 9 E, lode minesGold.
STIBNITE, area old minesArsenopyrite, Gold, Pyrite, Stibnite.
YELLOW PINE:  T. 18 N, R. 8 E, placersGold;  general region, in volcanic
exposuresOpal (white spotted with Cinnabar);  T. 19 N, R. 8 & 9 E, area mines
Arsenopyrite, Gold, Pyrite, Stibnite;  T. 19 N, R./ 9 & 10 E, as deposits distributed
over an area of about 4 sq. mi.Cinnabar;  T. 18 & 19 N, R. 11 E, Monumental Cr., near
172
Thunder Mt., lode veinsGold;  SSW about 40 mi. to Warm Lake, T. 15 N, R. 6 & 7 E
placer Gold.
WASHINGTON COUNTY
EATON, E 5 mi., along Grouse and Hog creeksagate (banded, iris), chalcedony.
SEVEN DEVILS mining dist., the Peacock claimBornite, Garnet, Melaconite,
Powellite, Specularite.
WEISER:  Nutmeg Mt., at the Adaho-Almaden deposit in T. 10 & 11 N, R. 3 W
Opal, chalcedony, Cinnabar, opalite, Pyrite;  N 30 mi., on the Snake R. in Sec. 7, 8,
17, 18 & 20, T 13 N, R. t W, many deposits as banded lensesGypsum;  NW 16 mi., in
Fourth of July Canyon at jct. of July and Mann’s creeks, in volcanic ash 500 ft. above creek
bed, high qualityopalized wood.
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Illinois
ILLINOIS
Known as the Prairie State, Illinois exhibits a length of 378 miles and a width of 210
miles, with its 56,000 sq. mi. sloping slightly to the southwest. Containing more than 275
rivers, the state is bounded along ¾ of its circumference by navigable waters, primarily the
Ohio and Mississippi rivers. The highest elevations are the Mounds along the northern
borders, rising only to a altitude of 900 to 1,000 feet above sea level.
174
Though well endowed with fossils, Illinois has little to offer gem and mineral
collectors, even though the state produces more sandstone, silica sand and Fluorspar than
any other state in America. Most specimen collecting is done in the Lead-Zinc mining dists.
of northwestern Illinois, the glacial drift of the Late Pleistocene Wisconsin glaciation, the
bluffs and detritus of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, and in the southern Fluorspar region.
175
Illinois
Fossil hunters are well aquatinted with the famed Coal Measures so often mentioned
in Illinois geology. These measures constitute the Upper Carboniferous system of repeated
alterations of sandstone, shale, bituminous slates, thin bands of limestone, and seams of coal
usually underlain with clay. In these coal seams the collector may often find Marcasite and
Pyrite. The measures are 1,200 to 1,400 feet thick in the south, grading to 600 to 800 feet
thick in the north.
ALEXANDER COUNTY
FAYVILLE, area stream gravelsagate, jasper, rare alluvial Diamond.
THEBES:  area gravel deposits, pits, bars of the Mississippi R.agate, jasper; 
RR siding of Clayagate.
CALHOUN COUNTY
AREA, shores of the Mississippi R., in the Warsaw formation that surrounds
Warsaw, Hamilton, and Nauvoo in western Illinoisgeodes (lined with botryoidal
chalcedony, occasionally with pale Amethysts, or Quartz crystals).
CRAWFORD COUNTY
PALESTINE, area depositsSiderite.
EDWARDS COUNTY
AREA, T. 1 S, R. 10 E, regional depositsSiderite.
FULTON COUNTY
FARMINGTON, W 6 mi. on Rte. 116 to the Rapatee No. 5 strip minepyritized
gastropods (Pennsylvanian age).
GRUNDY COUNTY
AREA:  Regional rd. and RR cuts and banks of Mason Cr.fossils;  Coal City,
on area mine dumps from sedimentary overburdenoval concretions (containing Mason
Creek fossils).
EAST BROOKLYN (SE of Gardner), area coal mine dumpsMarcasite, Pyrite.
HANCOCK COUNTY
DALLAS CITY: on the Dallas Cr. (see map next page) geodes (lined with
Chalcopyrite, brown Calcite and sometimes Malachite).
HAMILTON:  area gravels and glacial drift depositsagate, jasper, geodes
(containing blue gray chalcedony);  (a) S of the Keokuk bridge, in stream banks and
gravels geodes (lined with crystals); (b) Hamilton Quarry, the lower Warsaw section at
the top of the quarry (see map) geodes (lined with Marcasite & Pyrite with rhombs of
Calcite, Sphalerite);  extensive exposure S of town on Crystal Glen Creekgeodes
(lines with Aragonite, Barite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, pink Dolomite, Goethite,
176
Jarosite, Marcasite, Malachite, Pyrite, Pyrolusite, Quartz, Selenite, Smithsonite
and Sphalerite in any combination).
Hamilton Quarry Location
East Branch Crystal Glen Creek
NAUVOO, area stream and creek tributaries and Mississippi R. gravels, in cuts, pits,
banks, etc.geodes.
NIOTA:  area excavations, pits, stream banks and gravelsfossils, geodes;  S
2 mi., at Tyson Cr.crystal lined geodes;  Dewdrop Diamond Locality S of Hwy. 96 (see
map next page) geodes (with blue and pink chalcedony);  4 mi. E on Hwy. 96, S on
Pontoosue Rd. is Spillman Cr. (see map next page) geodes (lined with either brown
Calcite; or Pyrite on chalcedony, Sphalerite on chalcedony or Calcite, Quartz.
177
Illinois
Niota Dewdrop Diamond Geode Location
Dallas City Geode Location
WARSAW, area rd. cuts, pits quarries, gravels, banks along regional creeks and
streams (see map) geodes.
Warsaw
East Branch Spillman Creek, Pontoosuc
178
HARDIN COUNTY
CAVE-IN ROCK:  area Fluorspar mines, and  NW 4½ mi., minesBarite,
Calcite, Cerussite, Chalcopyrite, Fluorspar, Galena, Pyrite, Silver, Smithsonite,
Strontianite, Witherite;  the Minerva No. 1 Mine, area minerals and also noted
fluorescent mineralsAlstonite, Barite, Strontianite.
ELIZABETHTOWN, areaAragonite (fluorescent)
ROSICLARE:  area mines, especially Ozark Mahoning mineCalcite crystals,
Fluorite (blue, yellow, purple, clear), Sphalerite;
 the Empire and Fairview
minesFluorite, Galena, Pyrite;  E, numerous minesCerussite, Chalcopyrite,
Fluorspar, Galena, Pyrite, Silver, Smithsonite, Witherite;  N 0.8 mi. on Rte. 1 from
Rte. 146 jct., then W on gravel rd. 2 mi. to the Mahoning Mine No. 3, on dumpsFluorite
crystals;  Fairview Landing, area minesCerussite, Chalcopyrite, Fluorspar, Galena,
Pyrite, Silver, Smithsonite, Witherite. This Fluorspar region extends W into Pope Co.
HENDERSON COUNTY
TERRE HAUTE, area gravels, pits, mine dumpsMason Creek fossils.
HENRY COUNTY
CORDOVA, Mississippi R. banks N through Whiteside, Carroll, and Jo Daviess
counties to East Dubuque (actually on both sides of the river to include AI) agate.
GALVA, N, at Bishop Hill, areaagate, jasper.
KANE COUNNTY
North Aurora, Conco Quarry. North of I-88 on Hwy. 25 – Bornite, Calcite,
Chalcopyrite, Pyrite.
JEFFERSON COUNTY
MT. VERNON, W 9½ mi. on US 460 from jct. with Int. 57, area cr. gravels (about 3½
mi. E of Ashley, Washington Co.), occasionalDiamond.
JO DAVIESS COUNTY
GALENA:  area mine dumpsCerussite, Galena (cubes, coated with Marcasite),
plume Marcasite, Pyrite, Sphalerite;  NE 20 mi., many regional mine dumpsCalcite
crystals, cockscomb Marcasite, Lead-Zinc minerals.
McDONOUGH COUNTY
MACOMB, area stream and cr. gravels, occasionalDiamond.
179
Illinois
PIKE COUNTY
PERRY, 2 mi. N of town in McKee Cr.,
S of Hwy. 104 (about ½ W. of Hwy. 107 (see
map) geodes (lined pink scalenohedral
Calcite and occasionally Sphalerite).
POPE COUNTY
AREA, mines, including the Pittsburg,
McClellan, etc.Cerussite, Chalcopyrite,
Fluorite,
Galena,
Pyrite,
Silver,
Smithsonite, Witherite.
PULASKI COUNTY
GRAND CHAIN, in RR cut mi. to
NEbrown jasper.
RANDOLPH COUNTY
SPARTA:  area mine dumps, pits,
etc.Pyrite disks (radiating);  W, on dumps
of numerous minesfossil blastoids, etc.
South Perry Geodes
UNION COUNTY
ANN, JONESBORO, WESTLAKE, regional deposits with large production and
refineries at Jonesboro and near Westlake, lesser occurrences elsewhere in areatripoli.
VERMILION COUNTY
DANVILLE, area quarries in dark shaleMarcasite replacement of marine fossils.
WILL COUNTY
LEMONT, area quarriesglistening Quartz replacement fossils.
WILMINGTON, regional mines in the coal formations, on dumpsfossils,
Marcasite, Pyrite.
180
INDIANA
The geologic formations of the Hoosier State are predominantly sedimentary of
Ordovician to Pennsylvanian age, that is, from 550 to 330 million years ago, with many
Silurian exposures (430 million years old) outcropping east and west across the state in the
latitude of Newton and Adams counties. The oldest formations occur in the eastern counties,
with the youngest rocks appearing in the southwest. The most important formation is the
Mississinewa shale, lowest of the Niagaran series, and loaded with fossils. There are no
igneous or metamorphic rock outcrops in Indiana.
181
Indiana
The four great periods of glaciations of the Pleistocene period successively smoothed
off the irregularities that may originally have existed in the northern counties. The debris
pushed ahead by the ice was dropped throughout the central agricultural area, blanketing
nearly five-sixths of the state to considerable depths in places. This morainal detritus
contains what few gems and minerals there are in Indiana, mainly agate, jasper,
fossilized corals and petrified wood. Copper nuggets have been found scattered over
eighteen counties between the eastern and western boundaries and as far south as
Vanderburgh Co., brought down by glaciers from the Lake Superior Copper regions.
Similarly, cubes of Galena also transported by the ice have given rise to many false reports
and legends of Lead mines in Indiana.
The moraines of thrice glaciated Morgan Co. yield quartz gemstone pebbles, some
Topaz, and now and then bits of Corundum. This and adjoining Brown Co. have also
produced an astonishing 30 Diamonds over the last century. These glacial-drift gems were
found during gold panning operations in the regional streams that produced small quantities
of Gold.
In the central and southern counties are many coal mines containing usual
associated mineral of Goethite, Marcasite, Pyrite, Selenite and Sphalerite. Regional
limestone quarries produce some gemmy Apatite, Calcite, Glauconite, Marcasite, Pyrite
and Quartz. Now and then Barite, Celestite, Dolomite and Siderite can also be found in
regional limestone quarries.
ALLEN COUNTY
FORT WAYNE:  area farms, as glacial floatagate, jasper;  gravels of the
Maumee R.agate, jasp-agate, jasper, fossil coral, petrified wood.
BARTHOLOMEW COUNTY
ELIZABETHTOWN, NE 2 mi., at the Meshberger Stone Co. quarryCalcite
(fluorescent, UV pink-blue type), Fluorite, Marcasite.
BROWN COUNTY
AREA:  glacial drift gravels throughout Co.Corundum, Quartz pebbles,
Topaz, occasional Diamond;  stream sands, especially of Greenhorn Cr., placers Gold; 
rd. and RR cuts throughout Co., stream beds, banks, cliffs, washes, pits, quarries, etc.
geodized fossils, locally termed Crystal Geodes which have the shapes of fossil
brachiopods, plecyopods, crinoid heads, corals, etc., but do not contain any fossil material.
BEANBLOSSOM (5 mi. N of Nashville), along Beanblossom Cr.geodes.
NASHVILLE, SW 2 mi., in rd. cut on Rte. 46, 100’ N of entrance to Brown Co. State
Parkgeodes containing crystallized Goethite, prismatic crystals of Marcasite, or
Aragonite crystals on Quartz crystals. (In some geodes, Pyrite has been altered to nearly
perfect spheres of Goethite.)
TREVLAC:  area stream beds, particularly Bear Cr.geodes (Quartz lines); 
gravels of Lick Cr. (about 15 mi. SE of Martinsville in Johnson Co.) Diamond;  N, to
Yellowwood State Forest, along the Yellowwood Trailgeodes.
CASS COUNTY
LOGANSPORT, E 2½ mi., the France Stone Co. quarryApatite (associated with
collophane), Calcite (crystals with Marcasite along cleavage planes), Pyrite, Quartz.
182
CRAWFORD COUNTY
AREA, caves and caverns (some commercial) in limestone formations of the hilly
Ohio R. countryAragonite, Calcite, travertine.
MARENGO, NE edge roof of Marengo CaveAragonite, Hydromagnesite.
WYANDOTTE, just NW, in Wyandotte CaveCalcite, alabaster, flint, Epsomite
(beautifully crystallized).
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Indiana
DEARBORN COUNTY
WEISBURG, area RR and rd. cuts, of Ordovician agetrilobites fossils (well
preserved).
DECATUR COUNTY
NEW POINT, N 1 mi., a stone quarryChalcopyrite (as tiny crystals encrusting
blackish dolomite).
FOUNTAIN COUNTY
Cobalt.
ATTICA, S 2½ mi., in a coal mineSphalerite, associated with notable quantities of
KINGMAN, NE, at the Norgan Company coal mineMarcasite, Pyrite.
HARRISON COUNTY
CROYDEN, area quarriesCalcite, Fluorite, pink Dolomite crystals, Quartz.
HUNTINGTON COUNTY
HUNTINGTON, E edge, in Erie Stone Co. quarryCalcite, Marcasite (crystals),
Pyrite (fine grained), Quartz geodes (small), Sphalerite.
KNOX COUNTY
BICKNELL, area coal minesMarcasite, Pyrite.
LAWRENCE COUNTY
AREA:  all regional stream beds and banks, rd. and RR cuts, pits, excavations,
etc., especially around towns of Clearsprings, Erie, Guthrie, Heltonville, Pinhook and
ZelmaIndiana geodes; these geodes contain inclusions of Quartz and Calcite crystals,
Siderite, Sphalerite, Goethite, Dolomite, Limonite, Kaolinite, Celestite, Fluorite and
chalcedony;  Garner Mine Ridge, Sec. 28, T. 4 N, R. 2 W, as a depositAllophane,
Allophane-Evansite, Crandallite, Halloysite;  Sec. 28, T. 5 N, R. 2 W, as a deposit
Hematite;  entire Co. exposuresfossils.
BEDFORD:  N, at community of Oolitic, in exposures of limestoneoolitic
limestone;  E, in area cuts, pits, banksgeodes;  E 6 mi., in Cr. banksgeodes; 
roadcut along State Hwy. 37, 10.5 mi. N , in a 15 ft. cherty layer of limestone, geodes
(containing Ankerite, Aragonite, Goethite, Honessite, Marcasite, Millerite, Pyrite,
Siderite or Sphalerite)
BUDDHA, SE 2 mi., abandoned quarry and cut along the B & O RRBarite,
Calcite, Celestite, Gypsum, Strontianite.
GEORGIA, W ½ mi., the Nally QuarryBarite crystals, Dolomite, Strontianite.
GUTHRIE, area excavations, stream gravels, pits, rd. cuts, banks, etc.geodes.
HELTONVILLE:  areageodes;  Salt Cr. gravelsQuartz geodes.
MEDORA, E 4 mi., in Cr. banks and gravelsgeodes.
MITCHELL, NE 2 mi., the Lehigh Cement quarryAnhydrite (weak to moderate
pink fluorescence), Gypsum.
184
SPRINGVILLE:  SW 2 mi., the Ralph Rogers Co. quarryAllophane;  SW 3½
mi., the Webster QuarryBarite crystals.
MARION COUNTY
INDIANAPOLIS:  all area Cr. bedsmoonstone;  Williams Cr.Amethyst,
Quartz crystals.
MARTIN COUNTY
SHOALS, S near Coal HollowSiderite.
MIAMI COUNTY
ERIE, area stream banks, rd. and RR cuts, excavations, etc.geodes.
PERU, as morainal depositsDiamond.
MONROE COUNTY
BLOOMINGTON:  area quarries, wide variety on mineralsFluorite, a new
species Smytheite (dark acicular crystals included on peach-colored Dolomite, often as
pockets in a greenish matrix);  N ½ mi., the Bloomington Crushed Stone Co. quarry, 15
recorded species of minerals includingAragonite, Calcite, Barite, Strontianite (as fuzzy
white hemispheres on calcite);  N 2 mi., in rd. cut on Rte. 37Quartz geodes, with
Aragonite, Calcite, Pyrrhotite, Siderite.
HARRODSBURG:  area rd. & RR cutsCalcite, Dolomite;  N on Rte. 37, rd.
cutsAragonite.
STANFORD, S 2.8 mi., the Quimby and Stephen QuarryMarcasite, Pyrite.
UNIONVILLE, E ½ mi. on Rte. 45, a quarryBarite, Dolomite, Glauconite,
Goethite, Pyrite.
MORGAN COUNTY
AREA:  all regional stream and Cr. gravels and glacial morainesQuartz
pebbles, Corundum, rare Diamond, Topaz;  Highland Cr. gravels (7 mi. NNW of
Martinsville in Johnson Co.) Hematite, Magnetite, placer Gold, Pyrite, Ilmenite,
Corundum, Garnet, Diamond, Zircon. (Diamonds from Indiana’s stream gravels, found
while panning for Gold in placer sands, have come principally from this county.) 
surrounding Cr. sands, especially Greenhorn Cr., placersGold;  along Highland Cr.,
numerous glacial gravel barsQuartz pebbles, Corundum, rare Diamond, Topaz.
MARTINSVILLE, in gravels of Highland Cr. 7 mi. NWbrown chatoyant Sapphire.
MORGANTOWN, in Gold Cr. and other small streams through glacial drift
Sapphire, Garnet.
OWEN COUNTY
FREEDOM, SW 3 mi., the Hahn Bros. Quarrycollophane, Hematite.
SPENCER:  area limestone quarries, Cr. banks, rd. and RR cutsBarite,
Celestite, Siderite;  NE 3½ mi. in Dunn Limestone Quarry (4 mi. E of jct. of Rte. 46 and
a secondary rd. leading toward Gosport) Barite, Celestite, Siderite.
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Indiana
PARKE COUNTY
AREA, Coal mines, dumps, seams, banks, cuts, excavations, etc.Goethite,
Marcasite, Pyrite, Selenite, Sphalerite. (The mines , rd. cuts, banks, etc. of most of
central and southern Indiana produce an abundance of these minerals.)
COXVILLE, area coal mines and dumpsPyrite.
SPURGEON, NW 2 mi., the Enos Coal Mineconcretions of Iron Sulfides.
SHELBY COUNTY
NORRISTOWN, W ½ mi., the Cave Stone Co. quarryCalcite (lamellar,
Fluorescent, UV pink-blue var.), Fluorite, Marcasite.
SPENCER COUNTY
MAXVILLE, W 2½ mi. rd cut on Rte. 70 about 0.2 mi. W of jct. with Rte. 66,
encrusting shale above Coal Measure III as Euhedral crystals to 1 mm. dia.Copiapite,
with other sulfates (perhaps Melanterite, Coquimbite, Siderotil).
WARREN COUNTY
RAINSVILLE, W 1½ mi., in bluff along Mud Pine Cr.Sphalerite (in fossil wood
preserved by limonite), Barite, nodules of Siderite, Marcasite, or Pyrite.
WASHINGTON COUNTY
PEKIN, W 1¼ mi., an abandoned quarryBarite, Calcite, Selenite, Sphalerite
(in vugs, as twinned crystals).
WAYNE COUNTY
RICHMOND, SE 3 mi., the Debolt QuarryCalcite, Dolomite, Marcasite, Pyrite,
Apatite, Barite (fluorescent), Goethite (as red coatings or as pseudomorphs after pyrite).
WELLS COUNTY
BLUFFTON, N 1½ mi., the Erie Stone Co. quarryDolomite, Marcasite, Pyrite.
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IOWA
Iowa is primarily a prairie state of moderate relief, with low hills in the unglaciated
northeastern section and rich, rolling tablelands interrupted by many streams elsewhere.
The highest point in the state is a knoll rising 1,675’ above sea level west of Sibley in the
northwestern corner of Osceolo Co. The present surface features are a result chiefly of the
uneven mantling of preexisting indurated rocks by glacial drift, since all of Iowa was
included within the region of the Pleistocene glaciers.
For much of the Mesozoic era, and especially during the whole of the Cretaceous
period, Iowa lay under a broad shallow, epicontinental sea; therefore, the subsurface
formations are dominated by sedimentary deposits. Throughout the state almost any road or
railroad cut, erosional gully, cut bank, stream bank, quarry, or other excavation, however
shallow, is a promising place in which to look for Quartz family gemstones and fossils.
Indeed, beautifully colored silicified colony corals and stromatoporoids are commonly
encountered, capable of being cut and polished into unusual gemstone art objects. These
gemmy fossils occur principally in Devonian limestone exposures which outcrop over much of
Iowa, being most typical and best know around Iowa City.
ADAIR COUNTY
ORIENT, 5 mi. N and E in washes and clay hillsidesagate, Quartz crystals,
petrified wood.
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Iowa
ALLAMAKEE COUNTY
HARPERS FERRY, area Mississippi R. mud beds, in mussel shellspearls.
LANSING, an abandoned nearby mine (make inquiry) Cerussite.
NEW GALENA, area mines and dumpsGalena.
APPANOOSE COUNTY
CENTERVILLE:  area quarriesGypsum;
dumps (many) Pyrite, Selenite.
 SE, on all regional coal mine
BLACK HAWK, BREMER, BENTON COUNTIES
AREA, any limestone quarry, rd. or RR cut, stream bank, gravel bar, or pit
Coldwater agate (nodular, fortification type, gem quality; filled with blue, gray, pink,
amethystine centers, or crystals).
LaPORTE CITY, in gravel pitagate.
WATERLOO, at Burton Ave. quarry and Mitchell Ave. gravel pit near Cedar R.
geodes.
BUCHANNAN COUNTY
BRANDON, in Cr. bed both inside and outside of towngeodes, fossils.
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BUTLER COUNTY
SHELL ROCK, just N at gravel pitLake Superior agates.
CLAYTON COUNTY
AREA, many mines and dumps in the Lead and Zinc regionLead minerals (mainly
Galena), Limonite, Pyrite, Sphalerite.
GUTTENBERG:  area minesGalena, Smithsonite;  both N and S of town, in
washes, cut banks, etc.agate, cave onyx;  S of town, in washes, etc.jasper.
CLINTON COUNTY
BUENA VISTA, area minesGalena, Smithsonite.
DE MOINES COUNTY
BURLINGTON:  all area Mississippi R. gravels and commercial dredging
operationsLake Superior agates;  all regional Cr. bedsLake Superior agates, Quartz
crystals, crystal geodes.
DUBUQUE COUNTY
DUBUQUE:  all regional Lead and Zinc mines of Co.Galena, Cerussite,
Limonite, Sphalerite;  all Mississippi R. gravels and commercial dredging operations
Lake Superior agates, moss agate, moonstone, jasper, petrified wood, fossils,
Diamond (rare), occasional oolitic agate.
FAYETTE COUNTY
AREA, all regional stream and Cr. gravelsLake Superior agates.
FRANKLIN COUNTY
CHAPIN:  in area limestone quarrygeodes (crystal lined, to baseball sized); 
N to Sheffield along US 65geodes.
SHFFIELD, in fields behind quarrygeodes.
FREMONT COUNTY
AREA, all Devonian limestone outcrops, gemstone qualityfossil corals and
stromatoporoids.
HAMILTON COUNTY
STANHOPE, N to second cross rd., turn W and then N to a bridge, cross and park,
area of Bells Mill, in veins and beds of sedimentary rockscone-in-cone Calcite (coal black,
to 12” high).
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Iowa
HARDIN COUNTY
ELDORA:  are limestone quarriescrystal geodes:  area stream gravels
geodes.
HUBBARD, S 5 mi. on Hwy. 65, then W 4 mi. on paved rd., turn S to next
intersection and go 6 mi. W, then S to a quarry just N of the next intersection, in brown
limestone formationgeodes (crystal lined).
STEAMBOAT ROCK, along Iowa R.Quartz geodes.
UNION:  all area quarriescrystal lines geodes;  regional stream beds
geodes.
HENRY COUNTY
AREA, the Skunk R. gravel bars from
Rome SE to LowellKeokuk geodes, petrified
corals, area deposits of brown Limonite.
LOWELL:  in the southern part of Sec.
27 at the W end of the bridge in exposure of the
Warsaw fm.;  in the stream bed of the Mud Cr.
In the N part of Sec. 22Keokuk geodes, up to
24” dia. (see map).
MT. PLEASANT:  S edge in exposures
of Mississippian limestonegemmy banded
colored chert, Quartz crystal geodes;  in
gravels of Big Creek and Skunk R.;  and in
pitsagate.
NEW LONDON, regional stream beds,
banks, cuts, etc.agate, jasper.
JACKSON COUNTY
AREA, gravel pitsagate, carnelian.
BELLEVUE, Mississippi R. gravels and
commercial dredging operationsLake Superior
agates, carnelian, moss agate, moonstone,
jasper, petrified coral, etc.
IRON HILLS, area depositsLimonite and Hematite.
JASPER COUNTY
MONROE, area mines, used in the manufacture of metallic paintsHematite.
JOHNSON COUNTY
CORALVILLE (suburb of Iowa City):  area farmssilicified corals;  area
quarriessilicified and calcified corals.
LEE COUNTY
DONNELLSON, in gravel pit to Sgeodes.
FARMINGTON, area gravel pitsKeokuk geodes, Hexagonaria corals.
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KEOKUK:  in all tributaries of the Des Moines R. NW to Ottumwa in Wapello Co.;
 along the Des Moines R. in gravel bars, banks, bluffs, etc.;  all regional quarries, gravel
pits, rd. and RR cuts, excavations between the Mississippi R. at Keokuk and
OttumwaKeokuk geodes, Hexagonaria corals. The famed Keokuk Geode Beds outcrop in
a broad area around the jct. of the Des Moines and Mississippi R., where the states of
Illinois, Iowa and Missouri come together. The geodes occur in the Warsaw formation and
may contain any or any combination of the following: Amethyst, Ankerite, Aragonite,
Calcite (pink, white), chalcedony, Dolomite, Goethite, kaolinite, Limonite,
Marcasite, Millerite (as brassy hairlike inclusion in calcite or as woven masses on top of
calcite crystals), Pyrite, Sphalerite. These geodes vary in size from golf ball sized to beach
ball sized with the most common being 4” to 6”.
LINN COUNTY
CEDAR RAPIDS, entire Co. area stream gravelssilicified and calcified corals.
MAHASKA COUNTY
OSKALOOSA, area limestone quarriesconcretions (coated with white Calcite
crystals), concretions containing Dolomite crystals (bronze to black, iridescent).
MAHASKA, WAPELLO, JEFFERSON, HENRY COUNTIES
AREA, extending SE from Oskaloosa to its jct. with the Skunk R., the bed, banks,
and gravels of Cedar Cr. silicified and calcified corals.
MARION COUNTY
KNOXVILLE:  regional coal mine dumpsconcretions (containing crystals of
Barite, Calcite, Dolomite), Siderite;  SE 8 mi. on Hwy. 60, turn E ¾ mi. to the Pershing
MineCalcite crystals (very long), Pyrite crystals (rare).
MONROE COUNTY
ALBIA, entire region S through Monroe and Appanoose counties to Coal City,
innumerable coal mine dumpsPyrite, Selenite crystals.
LOVILLA, all area mine dumpsCalcite crystals (honey-colored or with dark
hairlike goethite needle inclusions), fossils.
MONTGOMERY COUNTY
RED OAK, W on Hwy. 34, 1 mi., turn N at motel onto country rd. to an area a short
distance N of some large structures on the E, continue to large limestone quarry W of
rd.gemmy chert, locally termed Protozoa agate.
MUSCATINE COUNTY
MUSCATINE:  center of Mississippi R., pearl dredging operations with a second
center at McGregor in Clayton Co. far to the N, in mussel shellsgem pearls (pink, gold,
pigeon blood);  S of town, gravel pits in a large alluvial flatagate (Lake Superior, moss,
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Iowa
sagenitic), chalcedony, Quartz crystals;  S on US 61 through town past a pearl button
factory and mill, turn E on Oregon St. to Steward St. gravel operationsLake Superior
agates, silicified and calcified corals, moss agate, jasper, petrified wood, moonstone.
PALO ALTO COUNTY
EMMETSBURG, regional stream gravelsagate, jasper, petrified wood.
GRAETTINGER, regional stream gravelsagate, jasper, petrified wood.
POLK COUNTY
DES MOINE
STORY COUNTY
AMES, area stream gravels, quarries, excavationschalcedony, fossils.
NEVADA, in Indian Cr. gravels to Eagate.
VAN BUREN COUNTY
FARMINGTON, area stream beds,
banks, excavations, etc.Quartz crystal
geodes.
VERNON, south out of town,
geodiferous outcroppings downstream from
bridge area along Bear Cr (see map)
Keokuk geodes (see map).
WASHINGTON COUNTY
KEOTA:  cold water agate at
Kaser Construction Co. quarry;  at Ollie
10 mi. S on Hwy. 77, then W 4.6 mi. on
Hwy. 78 past church, N ½ mi. and W 1 mi.,
and then N 0.3 mi. to quarryagate.
WEBSTER COUNTY
FORT DODGE, regional quarries
Gypsum.
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KANSAS
As a mineral producing state, Kansas is seldom appreciated even by its own
residents. Economically, the mineral industry is second only to agriculture, and the state
outranks most others except California in its mineral production. However, the mineral
wealth derives primarily from Coal, Zinc, Lead, Gypsum and volcanic ash, in this order, now
being superseded by great new reserves of oil and natural gas. As a collector, Kansas is
likely to be bypassed by the traveling rock hunter, although in-state collectors find many
interesting specimens worthy of being added to their collection.
Western Kansas comprises the rather rugged semiarid Great High Plains. The land
surface is thinly covered by Pleistocene and Recent gravels, with extensive Pliocene lavas
capping the buttes and mesas. Few gemstones, but an enormous variety of fossil vertebrate
bones weather from the cut banks and washes.
About 1,7500,000 years ago northern Kansas was invaded by the Kansan glacier,
second of the four Pleistocene ice advances, as far south as the Kaw Valley and the Little
Blue river. In this region’s gravel pits, quarries, and morainal deposits can be found a
variety of glacial drift gemstones. By contrast, southeastern Kansas constitutes an
extension of the Ozark Plateau into what is termed the Tri-State District, where Kansas,
Missouri and Oklahoma join boundaries. This district is interesting to the mineral collector
because of its many highly productive Zinc and Lead mines. Dumps rising 100’ high are
know as chat mountains and produce abundance of desirable mineral specimens of Barite,
Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Cerussite, Dolomite crystals, Galena, Pyrite and Sphalerite.
To be noted on geologic maps is the widespread Ogallala formation (Tertiary),
embracing the counties of Clack, Ellis, Logan, Ness, Rawlins and Wallace. In this formation
are found dendritic opal, white translucent opal as irregular masses or nodules, opalized
bones, and much petrified wood. From the western Cretaceous chalk beds exposed in the
counties of Cherokee, Logan, Norton and Phillips, one can gather colorful gemmy chert and
jasper. Anderson, Brown, Chase and Franklin counties yield fine crystals of Barite. In
general, the surfaces of draws, washes, and sandhills of all the western half of Kansas
produce agate, chalcedony, chert, jasper and petrified wood, although very little is
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Kansas
good quality material, especially along the Smoky Hill River in Gove, Logan, Trego, and
Wallace counties. Regional outcrops of shale disgorge Selenite crystals.
ANDERSON COUNTY
GARNETT, N 3 mi. on US 59, a RR quarrycrystals, fossils.
BARBER COUNTY
AETNA:  area draws, washes, etc.agate, agatized wood;  along the Medicine
Lodge R. and on adjoining buttes and terracesagate, jasper, agatized wood. (gemstone
collecting is good over all regional surfaces all the way to Kiowa in the SE corner of the Co.
and also includes chert, chalcedony and petrified wood.)
KIOWA, along Medicine Lodge R to Aetnaagate, agatized wood; jasper.
MEDICINE LODGE, 10 mi. Spetrified wood.
SUN CITY, area Gypsum quarries and mines, widespreadGypsum and Calcite
crystals.
BARBER-COMANCHE COUNTIES
area, all regional Gypsum quarries and mines, widespreadGypsum and Calcite
crystals.
BOURBON COUNTY
FORT SCOTT, on Marais des Cygnes, in Pennsylvanian Coal Measures as
interstratificationsSiderite.
194
BUTLER COUNTY
DAVID CITY, in breaks and cut banks along the Walnut R. in S section of the Flint
Hillscrystal lines geodes.
EL DORADO, in large rd. cut near the Butler-Greenwood Co. linegeodes.
CHASE COUNTY
STRONG CITY, area gravel pitsChalcopyrite, geodes (Quartz crystal lines).
CHEROKEE COUNTY
AREA of the Tri-State Dist., Badger, Peacock, Galena and Lawton Dist., very many
huge Lead-Zinc mines with towering dumpsGalena, Sphalerite, Barite, Calcite,
Cerussite, Marcasite, Pyrite, Smithsonite.
BAXTER SPRINGS, area mines with ore bodies occurring in Mississippian limestone
with outcrops predominantly in the very corner of Kansaschert with Galena, Sphalerite
and Pyrite.
COLUMBUS, all area coal minesfine crystals of Pyrite, Calcite, Dolomite,
Marcasite and Sphalerite.
GALENA, many area mines and huge dumpsCalamine, Galena, Hydrozincite,
Marcasite, Pyrite, Sphalerite.
WEST MINERAL, many area minesfine crystals of Pyrite, Calcite, Dolomite,
Marcasite and Sphalerite.
CLARK COUNTY
ASHLAND, N, in steep hills of Bluff Cr. and near Mt. Casinomoss agate, moss
opal, jasper.
CLOUD COUNTY
CONCORDIA:  N, in area called Old River Bedagate (clear, mossy, banded),
jasper, petrified wood;  all cut banks, tributaries, and gravels of the Republican
R.agate, jasper, petrified wood.
COMANCHE COUNTY
AREA, N part of Co., extending E to 12 mi. N of Sun City in Barber Co., all along the
valley of Salt Fork Cr., as bedsGypsum.
WILMORE, beds extending from 1 mi. N of town to 5 mi. S, commercially exploited
volcanic ash.
COWLEY COUNTY
ROCK, area draws, gullies, cut banks, and regional Cr. and stream bedscrystal
lined geodes.
DICKINSON COUNTY
AREA, gravels of the Smoky Hills R.gem agatized wood.
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Kansas
HOPE, area quarriesGypsum and associated minerals.
SOLOMON, area quarriesGypsum, Calcite, etc.
ELLIS COUNTY
HAYES, W, in valley of the Smoky Hills R., as massive outcropping bedsNiobrara
chalk.
YOCEMENTO, local cement plant quarryrock wool.
ELLSWORTH COUNTY
CARNEIRO:  area know locally as the Mushroom RocksPyrite concretions;  S
5 mi., in Cretaceous outcrops (banks) of the Smoky Hill R., in lignite bedsAmber. The old
collection area is under waters of the Kanopolis Reservoir, but hunting may successfully be
done in lignite beds outcropping back from the impounded waters Also Barite roses.
ELLSWORTH, area quarries and minesHalite.
KANOPOLIS, area quarries and mines, especially to the E and SE, and as local
depositsHalite, volcanic ash.
MORRILL, NW 2 mi., in banks of Pony Cr. in veins in Permian shalesCelestite.
FORD COUNTY
DODGE CITY, NE 7 mi., a quarryrock wool.
FRANKLIN COUNTY
OTTAWA:  area Rose Quarryfossil plants, crystals;  S 4 mi. on US 59 to the
Buildex Quarryfossil plants, crystals.
GEARY COUNTY
JUNCTION CITY:  countywide area sand and gravel pitsgem agatized wood;
 regional rd. and RR cutsgeodes (quartz and calcite lines);  gravels of Republican R.
agate, jasper.
GOVE COUNTY
QUINTER:  area surrounding townconcretions (calcite cemented);  SW 10
mi., on E side of a S-flowing tributary of Hackberry Cr., as depositvolcanic ash.
HARPER COUNTY
ANTHONY, area minesHalite.
HARPER, N, along the Chikaskia R. in gravel barsagate, jasper, petrified
wood.
JEFFERSON COUNTY
McLOUTH, area glacial moraines and gravel driftsLake Superior agate,
chalcedony, jasper, petrified wood.
196
JEWELL COUNTY
BURR OAK, area depositsvolcanic ash.
KINGMAN COUNTY
KINGMAN, area minesHalite.
KIOWA COUNTY
GREENSBURG, E on US 54 to the Kimberley Ranchmeteorites of the stony iron
type called pallasites.
LOGAN COUNTY
ELKADER, up and downstream of the Smoky Hill R., weathered out of chalk
bluffsmoss agate.
McPHERSON COUNTY
FREEMOUNT (just S of Rte. 4), areaseptarian nodules.
ROXBURY, just outside of town at Roxbury Hillseptarian nodules.
MARION COUNTY
FLORENCE, area gravel pitscrystal lined geodes.
MARSHALL COUNTY
BLUE RAPIDS:  gravel beds of the Big Blue R., extending beyond Co. boundaries,
all its tributaries, and on all surrounding hillsides and in washesagate, chalcedony,
chert, jasper;  S, area minesGypsum.
MEADE COUNTY
FOWLER, W 7½ mi., largest producing area in Kansasvolcanic ash.
MICHELL COUNTY
BELOTT, area of the Blue Hills in W section of Co.septarian nodules.
GREAT SPIRIT SPRINGS, surrounding areabanded travertine, tufa.
MONTGOMERY COUNTY
INDEPENDENCE, local cement plant quarryrock wool.
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Kansas
NEOSHO COUNTY
CHANUTE, local cement plant quarryrock wool.
NESS COUNTY
RANSOM, to NE in Seybert sand pit near Smoky Hill R. bridge at Hwy. 283agate,
petrified wood.
NORTON COUNTY
DELLVALE, area deposits, minesvolcanic ash.
NORTON, E, to vicinity of Calvert:  area depositsvolcanic ash;  area land
surfaces, washes, draws, etc.concretions (calcite cemented).
OSBORNE COUNTY
HOBBIE LAKE, S 1 mi., areagemmy septarian nodules (filled with yellow calcite
veining).
OSBORNE, S 2 mi., areaseptarian nodules (filled with yellow calcite veining).
OTTAWA COUNTY
ADA, area to N and NWpetrified wood.
MINNEAPOLIS, SW 2½ mi., largest in stategiant concretions.
RENO COUNTY
ARLINGTON, area of central part of Co., largest salt producing companies mines
Halite.
RICE COUNTY
LYONS, area minesHalite.
STERLING, area minesHalite.
RILEY COUNTY
BALA, area volcanic plugMagnetite.
STOCKDALE, area igneous rock exposures, as granulesPyrope garnet.
SALINE COUNTY
SALINA, W about 7 mi., in old Saline Quarry (2 mi. W of Bavaria) Barite roses.
SHAWNEE COUTNY
TOPEKA, in glacial moraines near cityLake Superior agates.
198
SHERIDAN COUNTY
QUINTER, in limestone at Saline R. and S fork of the Solomon R. and in outcrops on
US 24 from Hoxie to Hill Citymoss agate.
TREGO & WALLACE COUNTIES
AREA, valley sand and gravel beds, pits, etc.geodes (chalcedony, calcite, quartz).
WALLACE COUNTY
SHARON SPRINGS, in sand pit to Nagate, petrified wood.
WALLACE, S 5 mi., in rd. cutmoss opal (milky with manganese dendrites; scenic).
WASHINGTON COUNTY
WASHINGTON, NE, along Mill Cr., in Permian outcropsCelestite.
WILSON COUNTY
BUFFALO, along the Verdigris R.agate, jasper, chalcedony, petrified wood.
WOODSON COUNTY
YATES CENTER, S 8 mi., areaAmethyst, Quartz crystals.
WYANDOTTE COUNTY
BONNER SPRINGS, in the Lone Star QuarryQuartz crystal geodes.
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Kentucky
KENTUCKY
Minerals are the major contribution to the Blue Grass State’s economy. These
consist mainly of coal, limestone, fluorspar, rock asphalt, gravel and sandall products of
sedimentation. The state is part of a very old land surface, lying within the eastern uplifted
Appalachian Plateau and the westerly Interior Low Plateaus. During most of the Paleozoic
and Mesozoic eras, Kentucky lay beneath the sea, and thus its rock formations are
predominantly sedimentary shales, sandstones, limestone, etc., with almost no igneous or
metamorphic intrusions.
The rugged hardwood timbered Cumberland Plateau that comprises part of eastern
Kentucky rises to 4,100’ in Big Black Mt., highest of numerous peaks that straddle the
Virginia border in the range of the same name along the boundaries of Bell and Harlan
counties. This plateau breaks toward the Bluegrass heartland in the Pottsville Escarpment,
marked by a belt of rounded shale hills known as the Knobs. To the west in the low
Mississippian Plateau, a region of rocky hillsides denotes an extensive area of underground
streams which have carved such great caverns as the famed Mammoth Caves in the
limestone sub-strata.
The region lying east of the Tennessee River emerged from the Paleozoic seas toward
the close of the Mississippian period some 340 million years ago. Outcropping rocks in this
region range from middle Ordovician to the Pennsylvanian, containing few collectable
minerals and gemstones but great amounts of fossils. Nevertheless, wherever the Fort
Payne and Warsaw formations of the Mississippian Period outcrop, gemmy geodes appear
abundantly. These interesting nodules are found in many sizes from walnut to beach ball.
Some contain beautifully banded chalcedony, while others have interiors lined with crystals
of Calcite, Celestite, Fluorite, Goethite, Pyrite, and Quartz. The most productive area for
geodes surrounds the Bluegrass, southward into Tennessee. Throughout this considerable
region, investigation of creek and stream beds & banks, runs & rills, rd. and RR cut banks,
excavations, almost always reveals an abundant supply of geodes.
The lands lying west of the Tennessee R., known as the Purchase Region, did not
emerge from the sea until Tertiary times only 40 to 50 million years ago. This region
remained for long ages as the head of a great embayment extending north from the ancient
Gulf of Mexico, thus receiving largely estuarine deposits. Cretaceous and Tertiary formation
are developed principally in the Jackson Purchase area, while Pleistocene alluvium occurs
plentifully in the valleys of western Kentucky and along the Ohio R. and its tributaries.
200
ADAIR COUNTY
AREA, countywide creeks, rivers, beds and banks, rd. cuts exposing the Warsaw
formationQuartz and other geodes.
COLUMBIA, the Shamrock Stone Co. limestone quarrygeodes.
ALLEN COUNTY
SCOTTSVILLE, area quarries in the Warsaw formationQuartz geodes.
BALLARD COUNTY
WICKCLIFF:  E, in a ravine as a deposityellow ocher;  in gravel pit
jasper.
BARREN COUNTY
CAVE CITY, area commercial quarries, as pink and yellow gemmy varieties
marble.
GLASGOW, in steam to E.geodes.
BATH COUNTY
OWINGSVILLE, area iron minesHematite.
BOURBON COUNTY
MILLERSBURG, area minesBarite, Galena.
BOYD, CARTER, GREENUP COUNTIES
ASHLAND (Boyd Co.): These counties in the extreme NE corner of Kentucky
comprise a considerable mining district for iron ores, mines and dumps producing as the
original materialSiderite.
BOYLE COUNTY
DANVILLE:  many area mine dumpsBarite;
Fluorite (fluorescent).
 the Caldwell Quarry
CALDWELL COUNTY
AREA, many mines throughout W part of Co.Barite, Calcite, Fluorite, etc.
CRIDER, N, in fault exposuresFluorite, etc.
FREDONIA, area minesBarite.
PRINCETON, area quarriesCalcite, Fluorite.
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Kentucky
CALDWELL-CRITTENDEN COUNTIES
AREA, many well-known old mines such as Ashbridge, Glendale, Tabor, and other
regional mines back of the Ohio R.Galena, Fluorite.
CARLISLE COUNTY
LAKETON, in bluffs of a nearby Cr., a deposityellow ocher.
CRITTENDEN COUNTY
AREA along the Ohio R. (KY side similarly famed Fluorite region of IL), many
Fluorite mines, such as the Old Jim Brown, Hodge, Columbia, etc.Barite, Calcite,
Dolomite crystals, Fluorite (every color), Galena, Marcasite, Pyrite, Smithsonite,
Sphalerite.
MARION:  N 3 mi. from jct. of US 60 and Rte. 1668, on E side of rd., the
Crittenden Springs faultBarite, Calcite, Dolomite crystals, Fluorite (every color),
Galena, Marcasite, Pyrite, Smithsonite, Sphalerite;  NW, off Rte. 387 at Hickory
Cane Mine dump (W of rd. and up Caney Cr. from the Glendale Baptist Church on Glendale
Church rd.) mica, Fluorite, peridotite;  from jct. of US 60 and Rte. 855, go 1 mi. left to
old Kirk MineBarite, Calcite, Dolomite crystals, Fluorite (every color), Galena,
Marcasite, Pyrite, Smithsonite, Sphalerite;  SW 5 mi., as scattered depositsocher.
202
MEXICO, SW on US 70, turn left at the Crider Fluorspar Co. sign 0.8 mi. from town,
then left at 0.3 mi. (1.1 from town) across RR to the Pigmy Fluorspar Mine (open pit)
Barite, Calcite, Dolomite crystals, Fluorite (every color), Galena, Marcasite, Pyrite,
Smithsonite, Sphalerite.
SHERIDAN, the Big Four Fault, NE to SW of Rte. 297 (the La Rue, Cartwright,
Macer, etc. Lead mines) Anglesite, Cerussite, Fluorite, Galena, Pyromorphite,
Smithsonite, Smoky Quartz crystals.
ELLIOTT COUNTY
AREA, igneous outcrops in the Little Sandy R. areaApatite, Almandite garnets,
Chromite, Diopside, Enstatite, Feldspar, Quartz.
ISONVILLE, in peridotite outcrops along the banks of Ison Cr., especially just W of
confluence with Johnson Cr. and across from the Ison Johnson schoolEnstatite, Ilmenite,
Magnetite, mica, Olivine, peridotite, Pyrope garnet, serpentine.
FAYETTE COUNTY
LEXINGTON:  area minesBarite;  vicinity of Morton’s Mill, mineFluorite;
 area of Elk Lick Falls (Petrified Falls), a large depositcave onyx (banded in brown and
yellows).
FRANKLIN COUNTY
FRANKFORT, area of Kissinger, as gangue mineral in the Clerk veinBarite, with
Galena as main ore.
GARRARD COUNTY
LANCASTER:  N on Rte. 52 on Boone Cr., in Barite prospectcrystal Barite,
Calcite, Fluorite, Sphalerite;  W 4 mi., a depositBarite.
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Kentucky
GRAVES COUNTY
FARMINGTON, HICKORY, SEDALIA, VIOLA, regional gravel and clay pits, as
pebblesagate, chalcedony, chert, jasper, Quartz, silicified wood.
HARD MONEY, S 2½ mi., small quantities in gravel bedsHematite.
MAYFIELD, SW 5 mi. on US 45 (and just N of Pryorsburg), area clay pits, as
pebblesagate, chalcedony, chert, jasper, Quartz, silicified wood.
HARDIN COUNTY
ELIZABETHTOWN, area quarries in the Warsaw formationQuartz geodes, etc.
VINE GROVE, area excavations, pits, quarries, cut banks exposing the Warsaw
formationQuartz geodes.
HARRISON COUNTY
CYTHIANA, SE 3 mi., in Ordovician limestone as a depositBarite.
LAIR, area mines and pitsBarite, Galena.
HART COUNTY
ROWLETTS, area rd. cuts, banks, stream gravelsbanded Calcite onyx, petrified
wood.
JEFFERSON COUNTY
LOUISVILLE:  area beds and banks of the Ohio R.fossil coral, petrified
wood;  N end of Louisville-Jeffersonville bridgefossil coral, petrified wood;  E via
US 60: (a) By-pass 60 to Grinstead Ave., turn right to quarries N of the by-pass near jct.; (b)
first left turn of Grinstead Ave., a quarry; (c) across the by-pass at E end of parksilicified
fossils, oolites; : (a) rd. cuts along US 42; (b) the County Quarry (reached from
Grinstead Ave. N from By-pass 60 to Stilz, then left to Frankfort St., and Hillcrest to US 42),
quarry is 2½ mi. from jct. silicified fossils; (c) rd. cuts N of the quarrysilicified
fossils;  Coral Turnpike, an exposuresilicified corals.
VALLEY STATION, S to Muldraugh’s Hill (on or near Co. line,; reached also from
West Point in Bullitt Co.), numerous roadside exposures of the Warsaw formationQuartz
geodes.
LINCOLN COUNTY
AREA, countywide exposures of the Fort Payne and Warsaw formationsgeodes
(containing Calcite Celestite, Goethite, Fluorite, Quartz and Pyrite; some with
botryoidal and banded chalcedony), clear Quartz crystals.
ROWLAND, N, on rural rds. to just S of Rte. 52, on Boone Cr. near confluence of
Hanging Rock Cr. and Dix R., numerous pits and prospectsBarite, Calcite, Fluorite,
Sphalerite.
STANFORD:  S 6 mi. via Rte. 78 to near hall’s Gap, bed and banks of the Green
R.;  along the S and E banks and in the Green R. bed from Green River Church SW to New
Bethel Churchgeodes (some having pink Calcite well terminated crystals or Quartz
crystals).
204
LIVINGSTON COUNTY
BIRDSVILLE, nearby on Rte. 137, two abandoned quarriesCalcite, Dolomite
crystals, Fluorite, Quartz.
BURNA, area sandstone quarriesCalcite, Fluorite, Quartz crystals.
CARRSVILLE:  area fluorspar minesBarite, Calcite, Dolomite crystals,
Fluorite (various colors), Galena, Marcasite, Pyrite, Smithsonite, Sphalerite, with
some Lead-Silver minerals in Fluorspar;  E 1 mi. and S of Rte. 387, the Ellis
MineCalcite, Fluorite, Quartz crystals, etc.;  E, on N side of Rte. 3872, a fault near
the Ohio R. exposing brecciated sandstoneFluorite cubes.
JOY, area fluorspar minesCalcite, Fluorite, Galena, Quartz.
SMITHLAND, N at Dyer Hill fluorspar mine, in cavities in a massive fluorspar vein
in the Dyer Hill faultCalcite, Fluorite, Galena, Quartz crystals, Sphalerite.
LYON COUNTY
AREA:  along the E shoreline of Kentucky lake, and  all area rd. cuts and
quarriesCalcite geodes, jasper, Quartz.
EDDYVILLE, area gravel pits, rd. cuts, excavationsagate, chalcedony, jasper.
KENTUCKY DAM, 6 mi. above at milepost 30, on the Tennessee R., in the State
Quarry revealing an unusual exposure of the Warsaw formationCalcite, jasper, Quartz
geodes.
KENTUCKY DAM VILLAGE STATE PARK, area rd. cuts at entrance show Warsaw
exposuresFort Payne chert.
MADISON COUNTY
BEREA, SE on US 25, area rd. cuts and banksoolitic limestone, Quartz geodes.
McGRACKEN COUNTY
PADUCAH, E 3 mi., mines and pitsocher.
MARSHALL COUNTY
CALVERT CITY, are of Highland Landing on the Tennessee R., a deposit on the
banksocher.
MERCER COUNTY
AREA:  area of the Kentucky R. bend (NE of Harrodsburg), and  the Two
Chimneys and Fantail minesBarite, Calcite, Fluorite.
HARRODSBURG, area minesBarite, Calcite, Fluorite, Galena, Sphalerite.
MONROE COUNTY
TOMPKINSVILLE, regional quarries, excavations, and other exposures of the
Warsaw formationWarsaw type geodes.
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Kentucky
OWEN COUNTY
GRATZ, N on N bank of Kentucky R. immediately W of Rte. 355, dumps of the Gratz
MineBarite, Calcite, Fluorite, Galena, Sphalerite.
ROCKCASTLE COUNTY
BOONE:  area rd. cuts;  S toward Mt. Vernon in all rd. cuts and bankschert,
jasper, geodes, oolites;  in area limestone quarryCalcite, oolitic limestone, Quartz.
MOUNT VERNON:  N on US 25, 1 mi. from city limits, in a rd. cutgemmy black
chert, jasper;  W, in a limestone quarrychert, jasper, geodes.
ROWAN COUNTY
ELLIOTTVILLE, FARMER, HAYS, MOREHEAD, SUMMIT, all regional quarries
and excavations, cut banks, stream beds, etc.fossils, crystals, minerals.
SALT LICK, W 5 mi. and 3 mi. N of Rte. 60, the old Rose River strip iron
mineHematite nodules, jasper.
SCOTT COUNTY
GEORGETOWN, area of Duval Sta., 1½ mi. distant at the Johnson veinGalena
with Barite as the gangue mineral.
WHITLEY COUNTY
CUMBERLAND FALLS, area quarries and stream banks, rd, cuts, etc.Rockcastle
conglomerate (a sandstone matrix filled with well cemented pebbles of flint, jasper quartz,
etc.)
WOODFORD COUNTY
TROY, SW 2 mi. on Mundy’s landing rd., dead-ending at mines and prospect
pitscrystals of Barite, Calcite, Fluorite, Galena, Sphalerite.
206
LOUISIANA
Louisiana, lying in the lower Mississippi River Valley has only in recent times been
elevated above the surface of the ancient Gulf of Mexico. The land has a maximum elevation
above sea level of 500’, sloping gently southward from the Arkansas line with an average
elevation of 400’. A very low dividing ridge runs along centrally through Louisiana,
separating the Ouachita and Red river drainage systems east and west. Along these two
rivers the flood plains and secondary bottoms (or hammocks as they are locally called), form
a very minor topographic feature in the generally monotonous landscape.
The state lacks gemstones and minerals generally, Brown Hematite and Limonite
occur in Tertiary sands in numerous deposits in the northwestern parishes of Bienville,
Bossier, Caddo, Claiborne, Lincoln and Union. The northern counties also reveal various
exposures of hard limestone, Gypsum, Salt and marl in separated exposures of Cretaceous
207
Louisiana
strata. Tertiary formations (Eocene and Oligocene) outcrop in nearly every parish to yield
petrified wood (mostly of hickory, oak, poplar and palm). large silicified logs have been
found in De Sota Parish. The whole history of the Tertiary laminated sands and lignitic
shales is that of gradually receding sea, too recent to allow formation of the type of minerals
and gemstones most sought after by collectors.
HARRISON PARISH
GULFPORT, in creek beds to the NWpetrified wood, jasper.
LIVINGSTON & TANGIPAHOA PARISHES
Regional stream gravels, occasionalcarnelian.
208
OUACHITA PARISH
WEST MONROE, S 12 mi., in gravels of the Ouachita R.banded agate, petrified
and opalized wood.
RAPIDES PARISH
ALEXANDRIA, in gravel pits and stream bars to N, such as in the Ouachita R.
valley near Monroe, Pollack and Farmervilleagate, with some petrified wood.
RAPIDES & VERNON PARISHES
Regional stream gravelssilicified palm (Palmoxylon).
TANGIPAHOA PARISH
AMITE, on the banks of Amite R. and to E in river gravel pits of the Tangipahoa,
Bogue Chitto and pearl riversagate.
VERNON PARISH
LEESVILLE, E as far as the Red R., W as far as the Sabine R., and N as far as
Shreveportpetrified wood.
209
Maine
MAINE
The topography of Maine was sculptured by Pleistocene glaciers two miles thick in
places, eroding the original Tertiary land surfaces right down to bedrock. Thus, the state
rests on its ancient foundation of limestone, sandstone, and shale. The generally
mountainous, heavily forested western region slopes northward to the St. John River Basin
and eastward toward the Penobscot River. Receding glaciers dammed the valleys with long
drift ridges to form some 2,200 lakes. In the more than 5,000 rivers and streams, gravel
beds yield up many interesting gem and mineral specimens.
210
Where deep-seated earth forces caused molten granite to intrude the basal
sedimentary rocks and recrystallize them, many valuable mineral and gemstone deposits
were formed. Indeed, the mineral wealth of Maine is notable, especially for the wide variety
of gemstone minerals which occur in the state’s extraordinary pegmatites. These dikes are
essentially coarse grained concentrations of feldspar and quartz, developed during the
closing stages of widespread granitic intrusions through the foundation rocks. The great
glaciers exposed most of the dikes; easily traceable as pod-shaped or sheetlike bodies ranging
from a few inches to more than 4,000 feet in length.
211
Maine
The Maine pegmatites have been mined for more than a century for potash feldspar,
along with occasional production of Quartz, sheet Mica, Beryl, Spodumene, and other
industrial minerals. Substantial quantities of semi-precious gem crystals have made the
Maine pegmatites world famous, because of the high gem quality of their Aquamarine,
Beryl, Garnet, rose Quartz, Spodumene, Topaz, Tourmaline, and many other
gemstones. Perhaps nowhere in the world is there an area of comparable size productive of
such an array of quality gems as Oxford County. Here, in particular, the Newry mines near
Rumford and the Mica mines near Paris are a collector’s Mecca.
A good field reference with maps, A Collector’s Guide to Maine Mineral Localities is
available at the Maine Geological Survey.
ANDROSCOGGIN COUNTY
AUBURN:  Kennedy MineAquamarine, Beryl and Topaz;  W 4 mi. (1¼ mi.
ENE of Minot), many area mines such as the Androscoggin Tourmaline, Fisher, Hatch Farm,
Greenlaw, Keith (Towne), Maine Feldspar, Pulsifer, etc. Amblygonite, Apatite (purple),
Beryl, Feldspar, Garnet, Lepidolite, Spodumene, Tourmaline and Morganite; 
Greenlaw and Maine Feldspar mines, from jct. of Rtes 4-100-202 and 11-121 in Auburn, go
W on Rtes. 11-121 for 1.9 mi., turn right onto Garfield rd. and drive NW for 0.5 mi., turn left
onto Stevens Mill rd., go 0.2 mi. and park outside military compound on left, follow dirt rd.
W across open field, then uphill through woods for about 0.75 mi. to quarries, Greenlaw on
right; larger water filled Maine Feldspar on left (dumps scattered through woods)
Almandite garnet, Amblygonite, Autunite, Bertrandite, Beryl, Biotite, Cassiterite,
Columbite, Cookeite, Cyrtolite zircon, Elbaite tourmaline (green, pink, blue),
Feldspars, Fluorapatite (purple), Gahnite, Hydroxyl-Herderite, Lepidolite,
Montebrasite, Muscovite, Pollucite, Pyrite, Rhodochrosite, Schorl tourmaline,
Spodumene, Torbernite, Uraninite and large parallel-growth clustered of Smoky
Quartz.
212
LEWISTON, area of Mt. Robinson, pegmatite outcropsVesuvianite (Idocrase).
MINOT:
 Bell (Giddings) prospectFeldspar, Muscovite Mica, black
Tourmaline;
 La Flamme MineFeldspar, Muscovite Mica, Pollucite, black
Tourmaline;  Phillips MineAutunite, Feldspar, Amethyst, black Tourmaline;
 Pitts MineFeldspar, Muscovite Mica, Quartz;  Pitts-Tenney Mine, from jct. of Rtes.
11-121 with Rte. 119, drive N on Rte. 119 for 1.1 mi. to woods rd on left, park at rd. entrance
and follow rd. uphill (keep left at fork) for about 600’ to prospect pitsActinolite, Beryl,
Calcite, Clinochlore, Clinozoisite, Diopside, Feldspar, Grossular garnet (orange),
Meionite (scapolite gr.), Quartz, Schorl,
Titanite, Vesuvianite;
 Sturtevant
MineFeldspar, black Tourmaline;  ENE 1¼ mi., mine on Mt. ApatiteTourmaline;
 E 1½ mi., mine on Mt. ApatiteApatite, Beryl (fluorescent), Morganite and
Tourmaline;  Hwy. 121 E to Haskell’s Corner, then Left 2 mi. to Hatch rd. to right to
quarries on side of Mt. Apatite: (a) Pulsifer & Wade quarriesApatite and Lepidolite; (b)
Maine Feldspar MineMorganite; (c) Littlefield QuarrySmoky Quartz.
POLAND, the Berry Quarry (1¼ mi., SE of Minot) Apatite, Beryl, Cassiterite,
Microcline feldspar, Lepidolite, Muscovite and green Tourmaline.
213
Maine
AROOSTOOK COUNTY
AREA:  Castle Hill, at the Dudley MineBementite, Braunite, Collophane
(Mn, Fe), Manganiferous carbonate;  Hammond Place, the Carpenter MineFerrorhodochrosite;  Hovey Mt. (with Maple Mt. continuous), area minesBementite,
Braunite, Hematite, manganian Talc, Neotocite, Penninite, Pyrophanite,
Rhodochrosite, Rhodonite, Spessartite garnet and Stilpnomelane.
LINNEUS, the Adams Mt. Mine, in shalemanganese minerals.
LITTLETON, area Molybdenite mineMolybdenite.
NEW LIMERICK, the Drew Hill Sulfide MineMarcasite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite
CUMBERLAND COUNTY
AREA, the Piscataqua MineCopper, Gold, Nickel.
BALDWIN, the Kelley prospectBiotite Mica, Feldspar, Muscovite Mica,
Quartz.
BRUNSWICK:  Garland MineBeryl, Feldspar, Muscovite Mica, Quartz; 
Grant QuarryFeldspar, Muscovite Mica, Quartz;  LaChance Quarry, from jct. of US
Rte. 1 and Highland rd. (approx. 1 mi. into Brunswick from the Freeport town line), drive S
on Highland rd. for 1.35 mi. park on right at entrance to woods rd. leading to mine, SW 660’
to mineAlmandite garnet, Aquamarine, Golden Beryl, Biotite, Columbite, Feldspar,
Fluorapatite, Muscovite, Quartz, black Tourmaline;  Larrabee quarries (Helie
Mine)Beryl, Biotite Mica, Feldspar, Quartz;  Morse QuarryFeldspar.
CASCO, the Chute prospect, from jct. of Rtes. 302-35 with Rte. 85 in Raymond, drive
NW 4.55 mi. on Rtes. 302-35, turn right at Chute Bakery and Restaurant (across from
lumber mill), follow rd. behind bakery to Chute residence, continue N (passing to left of
house) on woods rd. to garnet locality (approx. 0.85 mi.)Calcite, Diopside, cinnamon
Grossular garnet, Feldspar, Meionite (scapolite gr.), Pyrite, Quartz ( milky, smoky),
Titanite, Vesuvianite.
FALMOUTH, the Falmouth Copper Minecopper pyrites, nickel arsenate.
POWNAL, the Tyon Mt. quarries, from town go 1.3 mi. on Elmwood rd., turn right
onto Lawrence rd. and drive NE 1.05 mi. to the Tyron residence (brick house on right), park
and get permission, quarry rd. is just before house on same side of rd.Almandite garnet,
Autunite, Beryl, Columbite, Feldspar, Mica (Biotite, Muscovite), Monazite, Pyrite,
Quartz (milky, rose, smoky), Schorl, Uraninite, Zircon.
WINDHAM, area Staurolite exposures of Micaceous slates, especially Cook rd.,
from jct. of US Rtes. 302 and 202 at Fosters Corner (traffic circle), drive S 2.4 mi. on Rte.
202, turn right onto Cook rd. and continue 0.35 mi., park on right side at utility pole #270,
follow trail to brook on NE side of Cook rd.Almandite garnet, Biotite, Ilmenite,
Kyanite, Quartz, Staurolites.
214
FRANKLIN COUNTY
AREA:  Township D: (a) the Mountain Brook prospectScheelite; (b) Bemis
Stream Prospect, from Mexico, drive N 17.1 mi. on Rte. 17 to settlement known as Houghton,
turn left onto dirt rd., crossing bridge over Swift R., continue NW (up Berdeen Stream
Valley) on gravel logging rd. for 6.3 mi. to bridge over Benis Stream, park and walk down
along Bemis Stream for about ¼ mi. to steep ledge on right (E side) at small gorge, blast
holes in pegmatite expose green tourmaline and other mineralsBertrandite, Cassiterite,
Columbite, Elbaite, Feldspar, Fluorapatite (blue and purple crystals), Microlite,
Montebrasite, Muscovite, Pollucite, Quartz, Spessartite garnet, Sphalerite,
Spodumene crystals, Wodginite;  Township E, the Hardin-Keith-Small prospect
Columbite, Microcline, Muscovite, Quartz, Spodumene, Tourmaline.
BYRON, the east branch of the Swift R., area near Tumbledown Mt. via Rte. 17, in
low-water gravel bars, abundant placersGold. (Local residents have been panning or
sluicing gold from all area stream gravels for generations. The source of the gold is unknown,
and there has never been a gold mine, as such, in Maine. Gravel caught in natural potholes
and between upended ledges of rock makes for productive panning.)
FARMINGTON, area minesScheelite.
RANGELEY, the Wing MineCalcite, Pyrite and Pyrrhotite.
HANCOCK COUNTY
BLUE HILL:  Atlantic Minepyrites (copper, gold, silver);  Blue Hill
Manganese Mine, 1¾ mi. SW on Hwy. 176manganese minerals and Rhodonite; 
Blue Hill MineChalcopyrite and Pyrite;
 Douglas MineArsenopyrite,
Chalcopyrite, native Copper, Cuprite, Galena, Magnetite, Molybdenite, Pyrite,
Pyrrhotite, Sphalerite, Stibnite, Tennantite and Tetrahedrite;  Granger Mine
Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Pyrite and native Silver;  Mammoth MineChalcopyrite,
Galena, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, Specularite and Sphalerite;  Owen Lead Mine
Chalcopyrite, Galena, Magnetite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite;  Owen MineChalcopyrite,
native Copper, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite;  Stewart MineChalcopyrite, Magnetite, Pyrite,
Pyrrhotite;  Stover Hill MineChalcopyrite, Pyrite; bm Twin Lead Mine Bornite,
Chalcopyrite, Magnetite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite.
BROOKLIN, the Brooklin MineGold and Silver.
BROOKSVILLE:  Abner Gray Minecarbonate minerals and copper sulfur
minerals;  Cape Rosier Mine (Callahan, Rosier Consolidated – see map following page),
from jct. of Rtes. 175 and 176 in Brooksville village, go W 4.5 mi. on Rte. 176, turn left onto
Cape Rosier rd. and proceed 1.65 mi., turn right onto Goose Falls rd. (gravel) and go 0.9 mi.
to where road to bird sanctuary turns right, continue straight ahead for 1 mi., crossing the
Goose Falls Bridge, turn left onto mine rd Allophane, Anglesite, Aragonite,
Arsenopyrite, Aurichalcite, Azurite, Bornite, Brochantite, Calcite, Cerussite,
Chalcocite, Chalcophyllite, Chalcopyrite, Chrysocolla, Copper, Covellite, Cuprite,
Galena, Garnet, Goethite, Greenockite, Gypsum, Halite, Hemimorphite,
Hornblende, Hydrozincite, Laumontite, Limonite, Linarite, Mackinawite,
Malachite, Marcasite, Mica, Pyrite, Pyrolusite, Pyrrhotite, Quartz, Rosasite,
Safflorite, Siderite, Silver, Smithsonite, Sphalerite talc, Tennantite, Titanite,
Tremolite, and Valleriite;
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Maine
 Dodge Mineargentiferous Galena, copper sulfur minerals and Zincblende;  (a)
Jones & Dodge Mine, and (b) Tapley Mine Chalcopyrite, Galena, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite
and Sphalerite.
CASTINE:  Castine (Castine Head) MineCopper, Gold, Lead and Silver ore;
 Emerson MineGalena, Magnetite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite and Sphalerite;  North
Castine MineChalcopyrite, Galena, Pyrite.
DEER ISLE:
 Belle of Deer Isle MineGalena;
 Deer Isle Mine
Chalcopyrite, Galena, Magnetite, Pyrite, native Silver, Sphalerite and Tetrahedrite.
ELLSWORTH:  Boston Silver Mineargentiferous Galena;  Brimmer Mine
Silver.
FRANKLIN:  Franklin Extension Minegray Copper, Galena, ruby Silver and
native Silver;  Frenchman’s Bay MineGalena;  Catherine Mt. Molybdenite prospect,
E on Rte. 182 for 9.6 mi., passing Fox Pond on right, to highest part of rd. on eastern spur of
Catherine Mt., at this point there is an old house on left and field on right, park and follow
woods rd. W up onto Catherine Mt. to where it ends in area of recent logging, follow marked
trail uphill to prospect holes in ledgeBiotite, Clinochlore, Ferberite, Ferrimolybdite,
Fluorapatite, Fluorite, Hornblende, Magnetite, Microcline, Molybdenite,
Muscovite, Pyrite, Quartz, Scheelite, Stilbite.
GOULDSBORO:  Globe MineGalena;  Gouldsboro MineGalena and
sulfurets.
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HANCOCK:
 Custer Mine (Copperopolis) Chalcopyrite, Pyrite and
Rhodochrosite;  McFarland Mineargentiferous Galena, Chalcopyrite.
LAMOINE, the Little Sue prospectGalena.
LITTLE DEER ISLE, area exposures, gem qualityserpentine.
MOUNT DESERT (Somesville), area outcropAmazonite.
PNOBSCOT:  Annear Minecopper minerals;  Hercules (Dunbar) Mine
Arsenopyrite, Chalcopyrite, gray Copper, Copper silicates, native Copper, Galena,
Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, native Silver, Specularite and Sphalerite.
SEDGEWICK, the Eggemoggin MineArsenopyrite, Chalcopyrite, Galena,
Pyrite, Sphalerite and native Silver.
SORRENTO, the Boss o’ the Bay Minenative Copper and other Copper
minerals.
SULLIVAN:  Beacon Hill MineGalena, (with lead, copper, silver and zinc) and
Pyrite;  Milton MineChalcopyrite, Pyrite and native Silver;  Salem and Sullivan
minesargentiferous Galena, Chalcopyrite, Pyrite, Silver(ruby, native) and
Stephanite;  Sullivan Falls Mineargentiferous Galena.
SURRY:  Blue Hill Bay Minecopper and silver;  Sunburst MineBornite,
Chalcopyrite, Galena, Malachite, Pyrite and red Copper oxide.
KENNEBEC COUNTY
GARDINER:  the Iron Hill MineNickel Pyrrhotite;  from overpass where
Rtes. 9-126 cross Rte. I 95 in West Gardiner, W 4.95 mi. on Rtes. 9-126 to small stream on
right, park and walk N perpendicular to rd. and keeping to left of small stream for 600’,
syenite boulders are found in this area on side of low hill with pine trees (bring heavy
hammer) Aegirine, Annite, Cancrinite, Corundum, Magnetite, Nepheline, Sodalite,
Zircon.
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Maine
LITCHFIELD (see map previous page):  area pegmatitesZircon;  1,000 ft. N
of Spears Corner Sodalite;  area boulders, glacially transportedAegirine, Albite,
Annite, Cancrinite, Corundum, Hydronephelite (mixture of Natrolite, Gibbsite and
Diaspore), Magnetite, Nepheline, Sodalite, Zircon.
VIENNA:  Nurse Farm prospectFeldspar, Muscovite;  Vienna Mt. prospect
Feldspar.
WINSLOW, the Winslow Tin Mineblue Beryl, Cassiterite, Galena, Fluorite,
Margarite, Lepidolite, Quartz and Tourmaline.
KNOX COUNTY
APPLETON, the Appleton MineChalcopyrite, Garnet, Pyrrhotite and
Tourmaline.
CUSHING, the State Prison Farm prospectAlbite, Quartz and Spodumene.
ISLE AU HAUT, mine of the same nameCopper and Silver.
ROCKLAND, the Rockland City Mineargentiferous Galena.
ROCKPORT:  Porterfield MineCopper, Gold, Nickel and Silver;  Riverside
MineArsenopyrite.
SOUTH THOMASTON, the Owl’s Head MineGold and Silver.
UNION:  the Union Pyrrhotite MinePentlandite, Pyrrhotite, Chalcopyrite,
Magnetite, Sphalerite and Labradorite;  Harriman prospect, from East Union drive S
½ mi. on Wattons Mill rd., turn right (W) onto unnamed gravel rd. toward Crawford Pond
and proceed ¾ mi., park at entrance to woods rd. on right, walk N on rd. for 360’, turn left
just before stone wall and continue 120’ NW along old woods rd. to small pit, metal sulfides
in igneous rockAugite, Biotite, Bornite, Bravoite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite,
Clinochlore, Dolomite, Enstatite, Forsterite, Graphite, Hematite, Hornblende,
Ilmenite,
Labradorite,
Mackinawite,
Magnetite,
Molybdenite,
Niggliite,
Pentlandite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, Rutile, Sperrylite, Sphalerite, Spinel, Ulvospinel,
Uvarovite garnet;  from Rtes. 17 and 235, drive N 0.9 mi. on East Appleton rd., park on
left (W) side of rd. and walk W on dirt rd. for about 0.3 mi. (passing old gravel pits) to bank of
St. George R.Elongated Andalusite crystals occur in ledges and loose rocks along river.
VINALHAVEN, the Island City MineGalena.
WARREN:  (a) Starret Mine, from Warren drive 0.3 mi. SE on US 1 , turn right
onto rd. that goes to Warren Sta. and continue 0.65 mi., park and walk 480’ on dirt rd.
leading SSW from paved rd, (trail crosses field and enters woods) this brings you to quarry
on right and dump area Almandite garnet, Autunite, Beryl, Calcite, Cassiterite,
Columbite, Heterosite, Lepidolite, Microcline, Montebrasite, Muscovite, Opal,
Pyrite, Quartz, Rutile, Schorl, Sillimanite, Sphalerite, Spodumene, Talc,
Torbernite, Triphylite, Uraninite, Zircon. (Very fine Spodumene can be found by
digging in the dump).
(b) Starret prospectMicrocline, Muscovite, Quartz and
Spodumene.  Warren Nickel prospect, from jct. of Rtes. 17 and 131S (E of Union), drive S
2.6 mi. on Rte. 131, crossing the Warren town line at 2.3 mi., turn left onto woods rd. (note
large boulder to right of rd. entrance, and stone wall to left), park and walk E on woods rd.
until reaching the prospect (0.1 mi.), metal sulfides in igneous rockApatite, Augite,
Biotite, Bravoite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Clinochlore, Cummingtonite, Feldspar,
Garnet, Graphite, Hematite, Hornblende, Ilmenite, Mackinawite, Magnetite,
Marcasite, Molybdenite, Niggliite, Olivine, Pentlandite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, Quartz,
Rutile, Sperrylite, Sphalerite, Spinel.
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LINCOLN COUNTY
EDGECOMB:  the Poole prospectFeldspar, Muscovite and Quartz; 
Williams MineFeldspar, Muscovite and Quartz.
SMALL POINT, on Hermit Island in mica schist outcrops along breach, especially at
low tideAlmandite Garnets in mica schist.
WALDOBORO, the Benner prospectFeldspar, Muscovite and Quartz.
WICASSET, the LaPoutre prospectFeldspar, Muscovite and Quartz.
MIDDLESEX COUNTY
WESTFORD, in soil and stream at Small’s Falls, Madrid Twp.Chiastolite.
OXFORD COUNTY
ALBANY (Twp):  area: (a) Frenchman Mt., along the crestAquamarine and
Rose Quartz; (b) Rattlesnake Mt., area pegmatite outcropsgem Beryl;  regional mines
and prospects: (a) the Donahue prospectBeryl, Feldspar, Muscovite, Quartz and black
Tourmaline; (b) General Electric Glass Quartz prospectBeryl, Columbite, Feldspar,
Garnet and Quartz;
(c) Holt prospect Muscovite;
(d) Guy Johnson Mine
prospectBeryl, Feldspar, Muscovite, Quartz and black Tourmaline; (e) Pingree
prospectBeryl, Columbite, Feldspar; (f) Sterns prospect (Hornet Mine) Beryl,
Feldspar, Muscovite, Quartz and black Tourmaline; (g) Wardwell MineBeryl,
Feldspar, Mica (Biotite, Muscovite), rose Quartz; (h) Wentworth MineApatite, Beryl,
Feldspar, Muscovite, Quartz and Pyrite;  Pingree Ledge Quarry, from jct. of Rte. 5 &
35 in Lynchville, N on combined Rte. for 8.05 mi., turn left onto Patte Brook rd. (no sign) and
drive generally SW for 2.9 mi., keeping straight at intersections, take sharp left turn onto
Crocker Pond campground rd., and drive S 0.2 mi., park at entrance to old woods rd. on
right, walk generally WNW for 585’ to fork in woods rd. (note pile of bricks and stones to
right of fork), keep right at fork and continue 420’ WNW into quarry on S face of hill
Almandite garnet, Bertrandite, Beryl (green, yellow), Biotite, Columbite, Fluorapatite
(all colorless), Feldspars, Fluorite, Muscovite, Quartz and black Tourmaline.
ANDOVER:  W, in area of Baldpate Mt., pegmatite outcrops and float
Aquamarine;  Leach Beryl prospect, as small crystalsgem Beryl;  Spruce Mt., area
pegmatites (inquire locally) massive Beryl;  West Surplus, Frye Brook-West Branch
(inquire locally) gem Beryl;  (a) Hwy. 5 S for 7 mi. to abbot farm, drive ¾ NW and park,
trail SW goes to Nevel and Dunton pits and further S to Bell pit, W from parking area ¼ mi.
is Scotty Pit and ¾ mile farther another pit, all on Halls Ridge of Mt.
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PlumbagoTourmaline and rose Quartz. A spectacular find of tourmaline was made in
the Dunton-Nevel quarry in 1973, and later the area was closed to amateur collecting.
BATCHELDER’S GRANT, the Peabody Mt. QuarryApatite, Feldspar,
Muscovite Mica, Quartz and Tourmaline.
BETHEL, the Bumpus Quarry, from jct. of US 2 & 5 in Bethel, drive S on Rte. 5 for
7.75 mi., park on right, across rd. from mine, quarry dumps are visible on E side of rd., in
pegmatiteAlbite, Almandite garnet, Apatite, Autunite, Bertrandite, Beryl
(Aquamarine, Golden), Biotite, Columbite, Cookeite, Euclase, Feldspar, HydroxylHerderite, Muscovite, Quartz (rose, smoky), black Tourmaline, Torbernite, Uraninite,
Zircon.
BUCKFIELD:  (a) SW 2 mi., the Lewis Mine and (b) the adjoining J.H. Fletcher
Minecesium Beryl and Tourmaline;
 SW 2½ mi., the Robinson Dudley
MineAquamarine, Cesium Beryl and Pollucite (rare);  SW 2½ mi. and ¼ mi. S of
Rte. 117, exposure (mine) Amblygonite, Arsenopyrite, Beryl, Cassiterite, Feldspar,
Loellingite, Mica, Pollucite and Tourmaline;  W 3 mi. and ½ mi. N of the Bennett
farmhouse, the Bennett Quarry (fee) Almandite garnet, Amblygonite, Aquamarine,
Arsenopyrite, Autunite, Beryl (golden, green, blue, pink), Cassiterite, Chrysoberyl,
Columbite, Cookeite, Elbaite tourmaline (green, pink, blue, bicolored, watermelon),
Eosphorite, Fairfieldite, Feldspar, Fluorapatite, Goyazite, Herderite, Hureaulite,
Landesite, Lepidolite, Lithophillite, Manganapatite (fluorescent), Manganotantalite,
Montebrasite, Morganite, Muscovite, Pollucite, Quartz, Reddingite, Rhodochrosite,
Romanechite, Roscherite, Schorl tourmaline, Spodumene, Topaz, Uraninite and
Zircon;  Regional mines (a) Bessey MineArsenopyrite, Beryl, Muscovite, Smoky
Quartz (with liquid inclusions) and Sphalerite; (b) Cummings MineQuartz; (c) Dudley
prospect (Neville-Owl’s Head) Amblygonite, Beryl and Pollucite;
(d) Fletcher
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MineBeryl; (e) General Electric Co. mine (Dudley Mine) Pollucite; (f) Irish
(Westinghouse) Mine, 3 mi. SEBeryl, Pollucite and Tourmaline (black, green) and other
minerals (see  Bennett Quarry); (g) Orchard Minegem Apatite, Beryl, Cassiterite,
Columbite, Feldspar, rose Quartz, Spodumene, Topaz and gem Tourmaline.
BYRON:  an area mineDiopside, Pyrite, Quartz and Scheelite;  In Swift
R.placer Gold and other heavy minerals associated with placer deposits (Almandite
garnet, Magnetite, Scheelite, Staurolite, etc.) and red jasper.
CANTON:  N 47° W 2¼ mi. (from bridge in center of town), the Clark
MineChrysoberyl and Muscovite Mica;  in brook at Ragged Jack Mt.Amethyst.
DENMARK:  the Lord prospectFeldspar, Mica (Biotite, Muscovite) and
Quartz;  Warren Quarry (Howe Mine), W side of Pleasant Mt. Amethyst and Smoky
Quartz.
DIXFIELD, on S slope of Hedgehog HillBeryl and Garnet.
FRYEBURG, to S on E side of Stark Mt. at Eagle Granite QuarryGarnet and
Smoky Quartz.
GILEAD:  Peaked Hill MineFeldspar, Garnet, Mica (Biotite, Muscovite) and
Quartz;  Peaked Hill prospectgem Beryl;  Wheeler MineBeryl, Cleavelandite
feldspar and Muscovite Mica.
GREENWOOD (Twp.):  Diamond Ledge (Yale or Yates Quarry) Quartz crystals;
 Emmons Quarry (Uncle Tom Mine), from jct. of Rtes. 26 and 219 in West Paris, drive west
5.55 mi. to end of Rte. 219, turn right and drive 2.3 mi. on Twitchell Pond rd. and go 0.1 mi.
NW, turn left onto Patch Mt. rd. (paved) continue 0.6 mi., turn right at fork onto unnamed
gravel rd (rough) and proceed W 1.05 mi. to where dirt rd. enters to left at Willis Mill, bear
right and continue 0.05 mi. to next bend in main rd where a woods rd. turns to the right,
park and go N about 0.65 mi. on woods rd. to jct. with quarry rd. on left (about 500’ after
crossing brook), turn left onto this rd. and walk WNW for about 2,310’ to next jct., take rd. to
right and walk uphill to W for about 480’ to next fork (located in small clearing), go right and
proceed uphill on quarry rd. as follows: 600’ NNW, bend 150’ W, bend 300’ NE; this brings
you to lower part of quarry dump, the pit just uphillAlmandite garnet, Amblygonite,
Arsenopyrite, Beraunite, Beryllonite, Beryl (pale green, pink), Cassiterite,
Columbite, Elbaite tourmaline (blue, green), Eosphorite, Fairfieldite, Fluorapatite,
Hureaulite, Herderite, Jahnsite, Landesite, Laueite, Lepidolite, Lithiophyllite,
Löllingite, Ludlamite, Mitridatite, Montebrasite, Moraesite, Muscovite, Perhamite,
Phosphosiderite, Pollucite, Purpurite, Reddingite, Rhodochrosite, Robertsite,
Rockbridgeite, Schorl, Scorodite, Spodumene, Stewartite, Strengite, Strunzite,
Switzerite, Uraninite, Vivianite and Zircon;  and Tiger Bill Mine, drive 2.3 mi. on
Twitchell Pond rd. to woods rd. entrance on left, park here and walk W on woods rd. for 1.45
mi., turn left at fork and continue 0.25 mi., quarry rd. swings to right at this point, keep
right and follow this rd. uphill for about another ½ mi. where it bends to left, go straight
ahead a very short distance to the Tiger BillAlmandite garnet, Autunite, Bertrandite,
Beryl (Aquamarine, golden), Feldspar, Fluorapatite (blue, purple), Herderite,
Muscovite, Pyrite, Quartz and Schorl tourmaline;  Nobles Corner, NW 2 mi. and ½ mi.
E of Mud Pond, a pegmatiteTourmaline  Tamminen-Waisanen Mine, from Norway
go W on Rte. 118 for 0.95 mi., turn right onto Greenwood rd. and drive NW 5.3 mi., turn
right onto Richardson Hollow rd and continue 0.4 mi. to parking area, walk uphill on woods
rd. 0.15 mi. to water filled quarry pit on right and nearby dump, Tamminen Quarry is 0.1
mi. farther uphill on same rd.Almandite garnet, Arsenopyrite, Bertrandite, Biotite,
Calcite, Cassiterite, Columbite, Cookeite, Elbaite tourmaline, Feldspar,
Fluorapatite, Graftonite, Hydroxyl-Herderite (fluorescent), Heterosite, Muscovite,
Pyrite, Quartz, Schorl, Sphalerite, Triphylite and Spodumene;  Tamminen Quarry
(at the base of Noyes Mt.) Almandite garnet, Autunite, Bertrandite, Beryl (blue, green,
pink), Bismuth, Calcite, Cassiterite, Cookeite, Dickinsonite, Elbaite tourmaline,
Eosphorite, Feldspars, Fluorapatite, Fourmarierite, Herderite, Lepidolite mica,
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Lithiophyllite, Manganotantalite, Montebrasite, Muscovite, Petalite, Pollucite
crystals, Quartz, Scheelite, Schorl, Sphalerite, Spodumene, Topaz, Uraninite,
Vandendriesscheite, and Vesuvianite;  Waisanen Mine (the Nubble), from Norway go
W on Rte. 118 for 0.95 mi., turn right onto Greenwood rd. and drive NW 5.3 mi., turn right
onto Richardson Hollow rd and continue 0.65 mi., park at the entrance to wood rd. on right
across from white barn, go 0.3 mi. to fork in wood rd., right hand trail goes to bottom of
quarry dump, left hand trail goes to pitAlmandite garnet, Beryl, Beryllonite, Biotite,
Chrysoberyl, Feldspar, Fluorapatite, Muscovite, Pyrite, Quartz (milky, rose, smoky),
Schorl and Zircon;  Harvard Quarry (Noyes Mt. Quarry), from Norway go W on Rte. 118
for 0.95 mi., turn right onto Greenwood rd. and drive NW 5.3 mi., turn right onto Richardson
Hollow rd and continue 0.4 mi., park on right and take trail to quarry on other side of the rd.
(N side) uphill approx. 3,000’ to quarryAlamandine garnet, Apatite (fluorescent),
Arsenopyrite, Autunite, Bertrandite, Beryl, Beryllonite, Biotite, Brazilianite,
Calcite, Cassiterite, Columbite, Cookeite, Diopside, Elbaite tourmaline, Feldspars,
Fluorapatite (purple, blue), Gahnite, Goyazite, Herderite, Lepidolite, Montebrasite,
Muscovite, Phenakite, Pollucite, Quartz, Schorl, Sphalerite, Spodumene, Topaz,
Vesuvianite, Vivianite and Zircon.
Other mines in the Greenwood mining district
include: Heath Quarry, Hayes Ledge, Heikken Quarry, Mustonen Ledge, and Ohtonen’s
Quarry, at which some or all of the following minerals and gemstones occurApatite,
Beryl, feldspar (Cleavelandite, Microcline), Garnet, Lepidolite, mica (Biotite,
Muscovite), Quartz crystals, Spinel, Pyrite and Tourmaline (black, green).
HARTFORD (Twp.):  Dickvale, SE 2 mi. on S slope of Hedgehog Hill,
pegmatiteAquamarine and Golden Beryl;  2 mi. S of S end of Worthly Pond in area of
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Ragged Jack Mt., exposure (rugged location)Almandite garnet, Chrysoberyl, Feldspar,
Fluorapatite, Muscovite, Schorl.
HEBRON (Twp.):  area of Mt. Rubellite: (a) 1½ mi. NE of Hebron at N end of
Greenwood Hill, and (b) 2½ mi. N of Hebron, in pegmatite outcrops and
prospectsRubellite (pink tourmaline) and gemmy green Tourmaline;  regional mines:
(a) Conant MineFeldspar; (b) Hibbs QuarriesBeryl, Feldspar, Garnet, mica (Biotite,
Muscovite), Quartz and black Tourmaline; (c) Hill No. 4 Quarry, N 2½ mi.
Cassiterite, Feldspar and gem Tourmaline; (d) Rubellite (Cushman) MineBeryl,
Pollucite, Rubellite and green Tourmaline; (e) Streaked Mt. prospect Feldspar; (f)
Sturtevant (Sanitarium) Mine, inquire locallygem Beryl.
HIRAM, Cutler Mt. area, the Frenchman’s Gold MineFeldspar, Muscovite mica
and Quartz.
LOVELL, the Forks FarmBeryl, Feldspar, Muscovite mica.
MASON, the Anderson MineMuscovite mica.
MEXICO, the Gogan prospectFeldspar, Muscovite mica.
NEWRY (Twp.):  area mines: (a) Dunton Mine (Newry Gem Mine), and (b) the
Newry Mines (False Mine, Lower Mine, Nevel Quarry) Almandite garnet, Amblygonite,
Autunite, Beraunite, Bertrandite, Beryl, Beryllonite, Brazilianite, Cassiterite,
chalcedony, Columbite, Cookeite, Diadochite, Elbaite (fluorescent), Eosphorite,
Fairfieldite, Feldspar, Fluorapatite, Francolite, Galena, Goethite, Goyazite,
Hatchettolite, Hematite, Herderite, Heterosite, Hydroxylapatite, Jahnsite, Laueite,
Lepidolite, Ludlamite, Microlite, Mitridatite, Montebrasite, Moraesite, Muscovite,
Opal, Perhamite, Petalite, Phosphophyllite, Pollucite (fluorescent), Purpurite,
Roscherite,
Pyrite,
Quartz,
Reddingite,
Rhodochrosite,
Rockbridgeite,
Rutherfordine (fluorescent), Siderite, Sphalerite, Spodumene, Strunzite, Switzerite,
Tantalite, Torbernite, black Tourmaline, Triphylite, Uralolite (fluorescent),
Uraninite, Vivianite, Wadeite and Zircon; (c) the Scotty MineBeryl, Feldspar,
Muscovite, Quartz and Spodumene;  Plumbago Mt.: (a) area pegmatites and
prospectsBeryl, Spodumene;
(b) E knoll, area minesAlbite, Amblygonite,
Beryllonite, Eosphorite, Herderite and Tourmaline; (c) E spur 3.9 mi. N 40° W of
Rumford PointAquamarine and gem Tourmaline; (e)
NE side, the Lower Nevel QuarrySpodumene;  Puzzle Mt. area (inquire locally), in
pegmatite exposures, prospects and minesgem Beryl.
NORTH WATERFORD, the Scribner Ledge Quarry (1 mi. N of the pumping Sta.)
Albite, Almandite garnet, Autunite, Beryl (green, yellow), Biotite, Columbite,
Feldspar, Fluorapatite, Muscovite, Quartz.(rose, milky, smoky), Schorl, Uraninite,
Uranophane.
NORWAY:  BB No. 1 QuarryGarnet, Muscovite, Pollucite, Spodumene; 
the Dunn MineBeryl, Feldspar, Muscovite and Quartz;  Tubbs Ledge Cassiterite,
Lepidolite, rose Quartz and green Tourmaline;  BB No. 7 Mine at Nobles Corner 8 mi.
NWTourmaline;  Scribner Ledge Quarry, 7.5 mi. on Rte. 118, turn right onto Hunts
Corner rd., N for 4.2 mi. then turn Left onto gravel rd. and go 0.35 mi. uphill to the Steams
residence (get permission and park), walk 1,800’ SSE on farm rd. leading through orchard to
quarryfine Beryl crystals (green, yellow), asteriated Rose Quartz, Feldspars, Micas,
Almandite garnet, Autunite, Columbite, Fluorapatite, black Tourmaline, Uraninite,
Uranophane;  Witt Hill, on Rte. 117 E 0.8 mi., turn left onto Crockett Ridge rd. and drive
N 3.1 mi. to where rd. forks, keep right and follow another rd. 3.1 mi. to point where it
becomes impassable, park and continue N along old rd. for 300’ to where rd. forks, keep left
and proceed on woods rd. 2,200’, until reaching point where stone wall on left side of rd.
bends sharply to left, there is a large tree next to wall at this point, follow stone wall to left,
keeping on left side of wall to a swampy area (350’ from rd.), continue through swamp to low
ridge (650’ from rd.), Schorl occurs in ledge 50‘ left (S of wall), walk S along ridge for 400’ to
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Maine
Chrysoberyl siteAlmandite garnet, Autunite, Chrysoberyl, Feldspar, Gahnite,
Muscovite, Quartz, Schorl, Sillimanite, Torbernite and Zircon.
OXFORD, the Jordan prospectFeldspar, Muscovite and Quartz.
PARIS: (see location map)  area: (a) E 1½ mi., mines on Mt. Mica, from jct. of
Rtes. 26 and 117-119 in South Paris, go N on Rte. 26 for 0.35 mi., turn right at sign for Paris
Hill and proceed 1.2 mi., go right at fork and continue 1.2 mi., turn right (by golf course) and
drive E 1.5 mi. to quarry road on left, park and walk up quarry rd 1,500’Almandite
garnet, Amazonite, Autunite, Bertrandite, Beryl (Aquamarine, green, pink, white,
Lithia), Biotite, Brazilianite, Brookite, Cassiterite, Cesium, Columbite, Cookeite,
Elbaite (green, pink, blue, multi-colored, white), Eosphorite, Evansite, Feldspars
(Cleavelandite, Microcline), Fluorapatite, Gainesite, Glucine, Graphite, Herderite,
Hisingerite, Hureaulite, Hydroxylapatite, Jahnsite, Laueite, Lepidolite, Löllingite,
Microlite, Mitridatite, Montebrasite, Moraesite, Muscovite, Palermoite, Pollucite
(fluorescent), Pyrite, Quartz crystals (citrine, rose and smoky), Romanechite,
Roscherite, Sagenite , Siderite, Sphalerite, Spodumene, Stewartite, Strunzite,
Tourmalines (black, blue, green and pink), Tantalite, Tapiolite, Torbernite, Triphylite,
Uraninite and Zircon; (b) Little Singpole Group (of mines), such as the Foster Mine,
Haveringen Mine, and the Mills QuarryApatite, Beryl, Columbite, Feldspar, Garnet,
Muscovite, Pollucite , Quartz and Tourmaline.  Regional mines, such as: (a) Bowker
Minerose Quartz; (b) Hoopers Ledge (Twitchell Mine), from South Paris go E on Rtes.
117-119 for 0.35 mi., turn left, stay on Rte. 117 and continue 1.05 mi., turn left onto Hooper
ledge rd. and drive ¾ mi., park on right at entrance to old quarry rd, the prospect dumps are
located a short distance from the paved rd, on lower SW slope of hillAlmandite garnet,
Beryl, Chrysoberyl, Columbite, Feldspar , Fluorapatite, Muscovite, black
Tourmaline and Quartz (rose, smoky, milky); (c) Immonen Ledge No. 1 Beryl,
Feldspar, Garnet, Muscovite and rose Quartz; (d) Immonen Ledge No. 2 Fibrolite;
(e) Mt. Marie MineApatite, Beryl, Columbite, Feldspar, Garnet, Muscovite mica,
Pollucite, Quartz and Tourmaline; (f) Perham MineApatite, Aquamarine, Feldspar,
Garnet, Pyrite, mica (Biotite, Muscovite), Quartz and Tourmaline; (g) Ryerson Hill
Mine, Beryl, Columbite, Feldspar; (h) Scott Colby MineFeldspar and rose Quartz;
(i) Slattery Mine Bertrandite, Feldspar, Beryl and rose Quartz; (j) Stearns Farm
Minerose Quartz; (k) Stony Brook MineFeldspars, Lepidolite, Muscovite, Quartz
and Damourite tourmaline; (l) Whispering Pines MineFeldspar and rose Quartz.
PERU (Twp.):  Hedgehog Hill Mine, from 4 way intersection on Rte. 108 in West
Peru (east of Rumford), drive 3.05 mi. S on Dickvale rd., turn left onto Mineral Springs rd.
and continue for 0.95 mi. to intersection, turn right onto Paradise rd. (gravel) and drive 1.05
mi. to abandoned cabin on left, park and continue on main rd. about 150’ to quarry rd. on
right, follow this woods rd. 270’ to fork, keep left at fork, continue 675’ to next fork, keep
right another 390’ to stone wall, follow rd. through wall and go another 150’ to end of obvious
rd, continue straight ahead on steep downgrade, follow trail for 360’ to quarryAlmandite
garnet, gem Beryl (golden, Pink), Biotite, Chrysoberyl, Fluorapatite, Muscovite,
Quartz and Schorl;  Lobikis Mine, from 4 way intersection on Rte. 108 in West Peru
(east of Rumford), drive 3.05 mi. S on Dickvale rd., turn right (W) at Dickvale and drive
uphill ½ mi. to owner’s house at end of paved rd, continue W on dirt rd. 0.1 mi. to where
mine rd. branches left, park and walk 1,650’ to where old house ruins are seen in bushes on
right side of rd., continue about 900’ west to dumps and quarry pit, located on hillside to
right of rd.Almandite garnet, Beryl, Biotite, Fluorapatite, Heterosite, Muscovite,
Pyrrhotite, Quartz, Torbernite, Triphylite and Vivianite;
 Perry
prospectAutunite, Spodumene and Triphylite.
ROXBURY:  Binford prospectMuscovite mica;  Partridge Peak Mine
Scheelite.
RUMFORD (Twp.):  area: (a) Black Mt., N on Hwy. 120 10 mi. to Roxbury Notch,
turn Left on dirt rd. 2 mi. to mine rd. to Left., area quarries Almandite garnet, Autunite,
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Beryl, Beryllonite, Cassiterite, Columbite, Cookeite, Dickinsonite, Elbaite,
Eosphorite, Fairfieldite, Feldspar, Fluorapatite, Goyazite, Gummite, Herderite,
Heterosite, Hornblende, Hurlbutite, Laueite, Lepidolite, Magnetite, Microlite,
Mitridatite, Montebrasite, Muscovite, Pollucite, Purpurite, Pyrite, Quartz crystals,
Rhodochrosite, Rockbridgeite, Roscherite, Schorl, Siderite, Sphalerite, Sphene,
Spodumene, Strunzite, Tantalite, Torbernite, Triphylite, Uraninite, Uranophane,
Vivianite, Whitlockite and Zircon; (b) Whitecap Mt., area mines and prospectsApatite,
Feldspar, Garnet, Muscovite, Quartz crystals and Tourmaline;  Regional mines and
prospects: (a) Beliveau prospectFeldspar, Muscovite, Quartz crystals; (b) Black Mt.
Mica Mine Spodumene; (c) Brown-Thurston prospectBeryl, Muscovite, Feldspar
and rose Quartz; (d) Carver prospect Beryl, Feldspar and Purpurite; (e) Elliot
MineTourmaline; (f) Leach Quartz prospectQuartz crystals; (g) Red Hill Mine, W on
US 2 to the village of Rumford Center, N onto Andover rd. and go 1.95 mi., turn right onto
Kimball rd. for 0.6 mi. till pavement ends, take gravel rd. to right at Kimball farm and
proceed ¾ mi. to house on left, park and get permission, continue on woods rd., keeping to
right just past the house uphill (NE) to old house on left, turn right onto quarry rd., follow
generally uphill to S, keeping to right until reaching the N most quarryAlmandite garnet,
Beryl (white, pale green), Columbite, Elbaite, Eosphorite, Fairfieldite, Feldspar,
Fluorapatite, Heterosite, Ludlamite, Muscovite, Pyrite, Quartz (including rose
crystals), Schorl, Siderite, Sphalerite, Strunzite, Triphylite, Uraninite, Vivianite; (h)
Goddard Ledge (Roy Ledge, Ford Hill, Paint Mine Ledge, Penley Ledge, Roy Quarry, Silver
Ledge), from jct. of US 2 and Rte. 5 (near Rumford point) drive N on Rte. 5 for 2.9 mi., turn
right crossing Ellis R., and drive 0.35 mi. to jct. with another rd., go straight (SW) on
Andover rd. for ¼ mi. and park, walk from NE side of rd. uphill to the NE, following the
ridge crest for about 2,500’ (no trail) until reaching the SW summit of the hill, the northern
quarry is located in the rock knob on top of the hill, other quarries S about 400’ to pit on top
of a cliffBeryl (golden, S quarry also greenish-white), Columbite, Corundum, Feldspar,
Fluorapatite, Goyazite, Montebrasite, Muscovite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, Quartz (milky,
smoky), Schorl, Siderite, Sphalerite, Triphylite, Zircon; (I) Whitehall prospectBeryl.
STONEHAM (Twp.):  area of Butters Mt., mines and prospectsGolden Beryl
and Garnet;  area mines and prospects: (a) Aldrich prospectBeryl, Feldspar,
Muscovite, Pyrite and serpentine; (b) Andres LedgeBeryl, Muscovite; (c) Foster Hill
prospectFeldspar, Muscovite; (d) Lord’s Hill mine (on Lord’s Hill ½ mi. SE of Harndon
Hill), Hwy. 5 N to Kezar Lake, then W through Narrows and N 1.6 mi., take Left fork and go
2 mi.Almandite garnet, Autunite, Beraunite, Beryllonite, Bertrandite, Beryl,
Cassiterite, Chalcopyrite, Columbite, Eosphorite, Feldspar, Fluorapatite, Fluorite,
Gahnite, Goethite, Goyazite, Herderite, Heterosite, Hureaulite, Microlite,
Mitridatite, Montebrasite, Muscovite, Ollenite-Elbaite, Phenakite, Purpurite,
Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, Quartz crystals, Siderite, Strunzite, Topaz, Torbernite,
Triphylite, Uraninite, Uranophane, Vivianite, Zircon;
(e) Melsore prospect
Bertrandite, Aquamarine, Beryllonite; (f) Styles Mt. prospectBeryl; (g) Willis
Warren QuarryApatite, Beryl, Feldspar, Garnet, Muscovite and Tourmaline; 
WSW in area of North Lovell: (a) Chapman Hill, 3 mi. N, minegem blue Beryl; (b) Durgin
My. (inquire locally), 4 mi. N 30° W, on E side, minesgem Beryl (various colors); (c) WNW
2¾ mi., at base of McKean Mts., minesApatite, Beryl, Beryllonite, Cassiterite,
Feldspar, Muscovite, Quartz (smoky) and Triplite; (d) N 5 mi., mine on Speckled
Mt.Golden Beryl; (e) Sugar Hill prospectsAquamarine, Beryl and Beryllonite; (f)
Cole Quarry, from North Lovell go NW on Stoneham rd. which leads to Evergreen Valley
recreational area, drive 1.9 mi. then turn right onto Adams rd. and continue approx. 2 mi. to
ski lift area on W side of Evergreen Valley, park and walk steeply uphill along the path of
the main ski lift and proceed 5,000’ to end of lift on summit of Adams Mt., from the end of lift
walk SSE across open ledges for about 22’ to edge of low cliff, pit located in cliff face with
dump on steep hillside belowAlamandine garnet, Beryl, Biotite, Columbite,
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Maine
Eosphorite, Fairfieldite, Feldspar, Fluorapatite, Heterosite, Ludlamite, Muscovite,
Pyrite, Quartz (milky, smoky), Sphalerite, Stewartite, Strunzite, Triphylite,
Uraninite (sharp crystals), Uranophane, Vivianite, Zircon.
STOW (Twp.):  Cotton Hill, area prospectFeldspar and Quartz;  Deer Hill
area (Big Deer Hill, 4½ mi. N of Stow or 1¾ mi. ESE of North Chatham, NH),
mineAmethyst, Feldspar, Garnet, Muscovite, Pyrite and Quartz crystals;  Hwy.
113 N for 5 mi., then E on dirt rd, take trail N up valley ½ mi. to CTA trail, take it E when it
heads up mt. Jeep trail leads to Eastman Ledge and Deer Hill Amethyst prospect on top of
Deer HillAlmandite garnet, Amethyst, Beryl, Columbite, Fluorapatite, Muscovite,
Pyrite, and other Quartz crystals (milky, smoky).
WATERFORD:
 Beech Hill (Waterford Mica) MineMicrocline feldspar,
Garnet, mica (Biotite, Muscovite) and Quartz crystals;  Knight (Coye or Foye)
MineBeryl, Columbite and Muscovite;  Saunders MineChalcopyrite, Feldspar,
Garnet, Muscovite, Magnetite, Pyrrhotite, Quartz crystals and black Tourmaline; 
South Waterford prospect (Bear Mt.) Muscovite;  Stearns Hill MineFeldspar.
WEST PARIS, S 70° W 8.8 mi. and ½ mi. NE of Flints Mt., the Scribner Mine
Apatite, Golden Beryl, Feldspar, Garnet, mica (Biotite, Muscovite), rose Quartz and
black Tourmaline.
WOODSTOCK, area mineCopper, Lead, Gold and Silver.
PENOBSCOT COUNTY
CARMEL, the Carmel Antimony MineStibnite.
CORINNA, the Dearborn Mineargentiferous Galena.
EXETER, area mineGalena and some Gold.
GARLAND, area mineChalcopyrite and Galena.
GREENFIELD, the Cemetery Hill MineIron and Manganese.
HAMPDEN:  the Hampden Consolidated MineLead, Copper and Silver; 
Latrence MineGalena;  Silver Drift Mineauriferous Pyrite and Galena;  Queen
City Mine (near Bangor) Gold, Lead and Silver.
LAKEVILLE, the Getchell Mt. prospectFeldspar, Magnetite, Biotite and rose
Quartz.
LOWELL:  the Shorey Minesulfurets of Antimony, Gold and Silver; 
Vinegar Hill MineArsenopyrite, Chalcopyrite and Pyrite.
SAGADAHOC COUNTY
BOWDOIN:  the Combs QuarryBeryl, Feldspar, Garnet, mica (Biotite,
Muscovite), Pyrite, Quartz crystals and black Tourmaline;
 the Ordway
minesBeryl, Feldspar, Garnet, mica (Biotite, Muscovite), Pyrite, Quartz crystals and
black Tourmaline;  Trufant prospect (inquire locally at the US Gypsum Co. in Lisbon
Falls) Beryl, Feldspar, Garnet, mica (Biotite, Muscovite), Quartz crystals.
BOWDIONHAM:  the Booker prospectFeldspar;  Consolidated Quarry
Feldspar, mica (Biotite, Muscovite), Quartz;  Dunn prospectFeldspar;  Harriman
MineFeldspar and Quartz;  Lang MineFeldspar;  McFee Mine Feldspar.
GEORGETOWN:  Consolidated Quarries, S on Bay Point rd. 1.85 mi., turn right
onto dirt rd. (gate just after first house), drive downhill to quarry, passing rd. to left (owner’s
business) and rd. to right (owner’s house, 0.45 mi. from Bay Point rd.)Almandite garnet,
Autunite, Bertrandite, Beryl (green, golden, white), Biotite, Cassiterite, Columbite,
Cookeite, Cyrtolite zircon, Elbaite tourmaline (pink, green, blue), Eosphorite, Feldspar,
Gummite, Lepidolite, Muscovite, Pyrite, Quartz, Schorl Tourmaline, Spodumene
(pale green, to pale blue), Uraninite;  Cunningham MineFeldspar;  Moffatt
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minesFeldspar and Tourmaline;  Thorne prospectFeldspar, Bertrandite, mica
(Biotite, Muscovite), Herderite and Spodumene;  Todd MineBeryl and Feldspar.
LISBON FALLS, E on Hwy. 125 past Hwy. 201 to Stoddard’s Pond, then N on road
past marsh to Coomb’s MineBeryl, green Feldspar and Quartz.
PHIPPSBURG (Twp.):  McKay Farm prospectBeryl, Feldspar, Garnet, mica
(Biotite, Muscovite), Quartz crystals and black Tourmaline;  1.3 mi. S 17° W of tide
mill, the Thoman Feldspar Quarry, from jct. of Rtes. 209 and 216, drive 1.75 mi. E on Rte.
209 to jct. where Rte. 209 bends sharply to right, bear left onto rd. leading N to Parker Head,
drive ¾ mi. on Parker Head rd. to old dirt rd. on left, drive or walk about 0.3 mi. NW to the
quarryAlmandite garnet, Aquamarine and Beryl (green, golden), Biotite, Feldspar,
Fluorapatite (blue-green, green), Muscovite, Quartz (smoky, milky), Schorl,
Torbernite, Uranophane;  Perry MineFeldspar;  Robbins MineBeryl, Feldspar
and Magnetite;  Rogers Minegem Beryl, Feldspar and black Tourmaline;  Thomas
QuarryApatite, Beryl, Feldspar, Muscovite and Tourmaline;  Haven Prospect, from
jct. of US Rte. 1 and Rte. 209 in Bath, drive 2.4 mi. S on Rte. 209, turn right onto
Meadowbrook rd. (after store, but before bridge) locally called High St. or Campbell Pond rd.,
5.5 mi. SW to Hutchinson residence on left, park along rd. and walk back along main rd. 200’
to small grown rd. on left which leads to field next to ocean shore, continue across field to
small prospect pit on knoll, or seawall to right and uphill from first pitCalcite,
Clinozoisite, deep reddish-orange crystals of Grossular garnet, Meionite (scapolite gr.),
Pargasite, Quartz, Scheelite and Titanite.
TOPSHAM (Twp.):  N, overlooking the Cathance R., feldspar quarries at
BrunswickAquamarine, Smoky Quartz crystals, Topaz and Tourmaline;  2 mi. NW
of Cathance Sta., the Willes Feldspar QuarryBeryl and Tourmaline;  N 2½ mi., a
pegmatite dike outcrops on a low hill just N of the Cathance R. and Fisher Quarry
Apatite, Beryl, Cassiterite, Columbite, feldspar (Albite, Cleavelandite), Gahnite,
Herderite, Lepidolite, Muscovite, Topaz, Torbernite and Tourmaline;  area mines:
(a) Chapman, Given, Graves, Mallett,Feldspar, Muscovite mica and Quartz; (b)
Direnzo (Cormier Farm) prospectFeldspar, Muscovite mica and Quartz;  Numerous
area quarries: (a) Great Divide (Undivided), Ingalls, Purington, Alice Staples, Rumrill,
William Willes, some or all of the following mineralsBeryl, Cassiterite, Columbite,
Albite, Gahnite, Garnet, Herderite, Lepidolite, mica (Biotite, Muscovite), Quartz
crystals, Topaz, Torbernite and Tourmaline; (b) Porcupine Hill Quarry, from overpass
where Rte. 196 crosses I-95, drive W 0.8 mi. on Rte. 196, turn right on Adrea St., drive 0.15
mi. continuing past end of Andrea St., park in small dirt lot and follow faint trail SE along
powerlines, trail shortly enters woods on left, becoming a broad distinct path, at about 350
paces from lot there is a trail intersection, continue straight ahead for about 300 paces to
another intersection, quarry straight ahead 100’ moreAlmandite garnet, Beryl, Biotite,
Chrysoberyl, Columbite, Elbaite (green), Fluorapatite, Muscovite, Quartz and
Schorl; (c) Standpipe Hill, drive W on Winter St. 0.45 mi. to Bridge St., turn left onto
Bridge St. and proceed 0.4 mi., turn right on Oak St. and drive 0.1 mi. to end of st., park and
walk to rear of standpipe, trail leads 75’ to siteBertrandite, Beryl (green, yellow),
Biotite, Bismuthinite, Bismutite, Columbite, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Microcline,
Muscovite, Pyrite, Quartz, Samarskite;  Trenton Quarry (G.D Willes Quarry,
Consolidated No. 4 Quarry), E then NE on Rte. 24 for 2.6 mi., turn left onto Cathance rd. and
proceed N 2.55 mi., turn left onto School Crossing rd., park walk 0.3 mi. to woods rd. on left
(opposite old quarry dump on right), SW on woods rd. for 3,300’ keeping to left along way
until reaching major jct. with another quarry rd., take sharp right turn onto this rd. and
walk W 480’ to another jct., turn right (N) and walk across clearing a short distance to
quarryAlmandite garnet, Beryl, Biotite, Elbaite (green), Feldspar, Quartz crystals;
 Square Pit Quarry, from Trenton Quarry, follow woods rd. to jct. SE of Trenton Quarry,
continue SE crossing powerline for about 2,010’ to next major rd., take sharp right turn onto
this rd. and walk SW about 2,800’ to quarry with dump on rightAlmandite garnet, Beryl
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Maine
(aquamarine, and excellent golden), Biotite, Elbaite, Fluorapatite, Molybdenite,
Muscovite, Quartz (milky, smoky) and Schorl;  Fisher QuarryBeryl, Columbite,
Feldspar, Muscovite, Quartz crystals, Topaz and Tourmaline;
WEST BATH, the Davis MineApatite, Beryl, Microcline feldspar, Garnet,
Muscovite, Quartz crystals and black Tourmaline.
WOOLWICH:  Trott Cove Minegreen Apatite, Beryl, Feldspar, Garnet,
Muscovite, Quartz crystals and black Tourmaline;  Woolwich MineAzurite, Bornite
and Malachite.
SOMERSET COUNTY
CONCORD, the Robinson MineArsenopyrite, Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Galena,
Pyrite and Pyrrhotite.
ST. ALBANS:  the Gould prospectCopper, Lead and Silver;  Indian Lead
MineGalena;  St. Albans MineGalena, traces of Gold.
WALDO COUNTY
KNOX, the Stone MineGold and Silver.
PROSPECT, the Fort Knox MineCopper, Lead, Gold and Silver.
WASHINGTON COUNTY
CHERRYFIELD:
 the Britton MineGalena;
 Cherryfield Mine
Chalcopyrite, Galena, Gold quartz, Pyrrhotite, Silver sulfurets and Sphalerite.
COOPER, Cooper (American Molybdenum) Minenative Bismuth, Iron
Molybdate, Molybdenite.
JONESPORT, area minesargentiferous Galena.
MACHIASPORT, at Jasper Beach, from jct. of US 1 and Rte. 92 in Machias village
drive SE 9.65 mi. on Rte. 92 (Machias rd.) passing through Machiasport and Bucks Harbor,
turn left on gravel rd. and proceed 0.2 mi. and park, a short walk brings you to beach
jasper pebbles.
MARSHFIELD, the Crocker prospectLead and Silver.
PEMBROKE:  the Big Hill MineChalcopyrite, Galena, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite
and Sphalerite;  Pembroke MineAzurite, Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Galena and
Sphalerite;  Young’s Point Mine argentiferous Galena;  at Gleason Covejasper.
PERRY, at Loring Cove to N off US 1agate.
TRESCOTT-LUBEC:  the Trescott MineGalena;  Lubec Lead Mine, from jct.
of Rtes. 189 and 191 in West Lubec, go W 0.1 mi. on Rte. 189, turn right (N) on Crow Neck
rd. for 0.45 mi., turn right onto Lead Mine rd. and proceed 1.65 mi., park on left side of rd.
and follow gravel road that turns right (to ocean shore) for 800’ to clearing on left where
obscure mine rd. starts, collecting is best in dumps along shoreline below mineAcanthite,
Anglesite, Aurichalcite, Bismuth, Bornite, Calcite, Cerussite, Chalcopyrite,
Dolomite, Epidote, Galena, Hematite, Hemimorphite, Limonite, Pyrite,
Pyromorphite, Pyrrhotite, Romanechite, Quartz, Smithsonite, Sphalerite, Titanite,
Wulfenite.
WESLEY:  the Bacon & Snow MineChalcopyrite, Pyrite and Sphalerite; 
Rollins MineBornite, Cuprite, Galena, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite and Sphalerite.
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YORK COUNTY
ACTON:  the Acton Mine, from Sanford, take US 202 S to blinking light in East
Lebonon, turn right and go N 2.55 mi. (keeping to right and then to left as you pass through
North Lebanon), turn right onto Will Goding rd. and continue N 2.5 mi. (pavement ends at
1.1 mi.), park at head of trail on right side of rd., follow trail N 1,400’ to fork, take right and
continue about 100’ to old bridge with beaver dam and pond on left. This is the head of Little
R., proceed on faint trail N trending 900’ to old mine and shaft on leftAcanthite,
Arsenopyrite, Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Galena, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, Quartz, Silver and
Sphalerite;  Action Consolidated MineArsenopyrite, Chalcopyrite, Galena, Pyrite,
Pyrrhotite and Sphalerite;  Action-Lebanon MineGalena, Pyrite and native Silver.
CORNISH, the Berry MineCalcite, Diopside, Grossularite, Idocrase,
Pectolite, Scapolite and Scheelite.
LIMERICK, 4 mi. distant at Straw Hill, in seams and bouldersSodalite.
LYMAN, the Brock prospectBeryl, Feldspar and Muscovite mica.
HEWFIELD (Twp.):
 Bergendahl MineChalcopyrite, Molybdenite,
Pentlandite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite and Sphalerite;  Davis MineArsenopyrite, Pyrite
and Scheelite;  Pease Mt. MineDiopside, Grossularite, Idocrase and Scheelite; 
Piper Hill MineGrossularite garnet and Scheelite;
 Tin (Newfield) Mine
Cassiterite.
NORTH LOVELL, in boulders in game preserveVesuvianite.
SANFORD:  the South Sanford MineMolybdenite, Molybdite, Powellite,
Scheelite (fluorescent) and Vesuvianite;  in pit and dump 1½ mi. E on School Street at
Goodhall farmActinolite, Calcite, Clinozoisite, Diopside, Fluorite, Greenockite,
Grossular garnet, Meionite (scapolite gr.), Molybdenite, Powellite, Pyrite, Quartz,
Scheelite, Sphalerite, Titanite (fluorescent), and excellent brown Vesuvianite.
WATERBORO, the Caton prospectFeldspar and Quartz.
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Maryland
MARYLAND
Divided by the drowned canyon of the Chesapeake Bay, Maryland is characterized by
three strikingly different geological provinces. The Coastal Plain extends westward from the
present margin of the continental shelf to the Fall Line, passing through the cities of
Baltimore and Washington DCa flat, almost featureless sea level plain underlain by
unconsolidated clays, sands, and gravels of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic age dipping at a low
angle toward the southeast.
The Piedmont Plateau forms the central part of Maryland, extending westward from
the plains, or Fall Line, to the east side of South Mountain. This region is an undulating
upland with a maximum elevation of 1,000 ft., formed of ancient, intricately folded and
gently faulted strata thoroughly metamorphosed by intense crushing and extensive igneous
intrusions. In the west and north the Piedmont rises to the Blue Ridge and the hills of
Pennsylvania.
The Appalachian Province spans the region between South Mountain and the West
Virginia border, divided into three main districts: the Blue Ridge, the Greater Appalachian
Valley and the Allegheny Plateau. Here, in the extreme southwestern corner of Garrett Co.
almost on the West Virginia line, rises the highest point in Maryland, Backbone Mt., 3,360
ft. above sea level. This province provides the gem and mineral collector with some excellent
materials, derived from a series of metamorphosed volcanic flows and tuffs. Replacement
mineralization yields some relatively rare mineral species, while vugs and cavities often
contain interesting secondary minerals.
From the gem collector’s point of view, the most rewarding gemstones occur in the
serpentine and Chromite deposits that are widely distributed through five northern
counties (Cecil, Hartford, Baltimore, Carroll and Frederick) in a region locally known as the
Barrens because of the stunted nature of its vegetation. Here a gemmy serpentine called
Greenstone has long been quarried for building stone and railroad ballast. The associated
Verde Antique, laced with twisting white veinlets (the serpents that originally gave
serpentine it’s name), is greatly valued for its decorative nature. Another metamorphic type,
locally called Baltimorite, is valued by collectors a cutting material because of its pale blue
green color and compact fibrous texture.
230
Associated with these deposits are Picrolite, a rare form of foliated blue green
serpentine closely resembling asbestos, and Brucite, a silvery mineral with green and red
inclusions in a fibrous matrix. Here also occurs a gemmy, jadelike serpentine called
Williamsite, much valued by collectors. Indeed, because of its apple green color and
translucencency, Williamsite ranks among the most sought after gemstone in Maryland. All
these gemstones occur in the famed State Line Pits that straddle both sides of the MarylandPennsylvania border, especially in Cecil Co., MD, from the Susquehanna River eastward to
the Delaware line. Other associated gemstones and minerals include clear and smoky
Quartz crystals, jasper, Olivine crystals, Enstatite, Tourmaline, Rutile (in the form of
red lustrous, prismatic crystals), Vesuvianite, light green massive Talc useful for carving,
pink to purple Kämmererite, Magnetite, Hydromagnesite, and Deweylite (a hydrous
magnesian silicate), with apple green Genthite representing a nickel replacement of
magnesium.
Following the Civil War, Maryland was extensively prospected for gold. Gold Quartz
ores were found in the Piedmont, and although mining did not prove profitable, one can still
pan for colors in the regional stream gravels. For years Maryland was a leading producer of
copper, lead, iron, manganese, molybdenum, titanium and zinc, while pegmatites
outcropping in the eastern Piedmont have been abundantly mined for Mica and feldspar.
Much asbestos has also contributed to the mineral economy of the state.
Visiting gem collectors to the State Line Pits must necessarily include both the
Maryland and Pennsylvania mines. At least a hundred mines and prospects surround the
crossroads towns of Cecil Co., MD, west to east from the Susquehanna River, of Pilot,
Oakwood, Rock Springs, Goat Hill, Sylmar and Calvert, while almost as many other
workings on the Pennsylvania side of the boundary surrounding the communities of Pleasant
Grove, Wakefield, Lyles, Wrightsdale, Nottingham, Chrome and White Barrens. Since all
collecting areas are privately owned, permission to collect is important.
ALLEGANY COUNTY
CUMBERLAND:  area deposits, prospects, etc.Fluorite;  old mining town of
Roberts and on W side of Wills Mt., area of abandoned strip minesHematite.
FROSTBURG, area coal mine dumps (park car at Dan’s Mt. State Park) Barite
crystals and Siderite.
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Maryland
ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY
AREA, the Fort Dorsey and Loper Hall iron minesjet.
RIVIERA BEACH (S of Baltimore and NW of Annapolis):  Magothy R.: (a) area
exposures of the Magothy fm.Pyrite. (Deposits of this pyrite were mined and the mineral
roasted for the manufacture of H2SO4.) (b) Area of North Ferry Point, in river bank lignite
seamsAmber and fossil material;  Lignite seams along the Severn R., especially at
Sullivan CoveAmber.
ANNE ARUNDEL and PRINCE GEORGES COUNTIES
AREA, regional exposures of the Patapsco and Arundel formations, as deposits
ocher.
BALTIMORE COUNTY
ALBERTON, area quarries or mines in pegmatitesCopper minerals, massive
Quartz, Garnet and Tourmaline.
BALTIMORE:  area: (a) in metropolitan district, the Bare Hills (1 mi. Sq. mining
district since 1839) Actinolite, Copper minerals (like Malachite), Epidote, Feldspar,
Garnet, moss agate, Pyrite, Quartz, serpentine, Tremolite and Zoisite;  SE of city,
in gravels, and  NE, in Germantown gravel exposuressilicified cycad wood; 
quarries along the Gunpowder R., especially the Arundel Gneiss QuarryAquamarine and
Beryl.
BUTLER, area mines, prospectsserpentine and Williamsite.
CATONSVILLE, area old prospects, in quartz veinsGold.
COCKEYSVILLE:  area quarriesvery fine grained white marble;  H. T.
Campbell Quarry, take Padonia exit of I-83 N of I-695Marble, Quartz and Tourmaline.
(Collecting only on Sat. with advanced permission.)
DELIGHT, old chrome mines in Soldier’s Delight areaFeldspar, metamorphic
minerals, Quartz, Chromite, Magnesite, etc.
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GRANITE:
 area pegmatite quarriesCopper minerals, massive Quartz,
Garnet and Tourmaline;  loose in area soilQuartz.
GREAT FALLS: (on Liberty Lake), area minesCopper minerals.
HOLLOFIELD:  area pegmatite quarriesCopper minerals, massive Quartz,
Garnet and Tourmaline;  S ½ mi. on old Frederick rd., quarryserpentine.
JONES FALLS, area quarries, as tracesGalena.
MARRIOTTSVILLE, area quarriesQuartz crystals.
REISTERSTOWN:  area quarries serpentine;  area chrome mines
Chromite, Feldspar, metamorphic minerals, and Quartz.
TEXAS:  area quarriesvery fine grained white marble;  the Campbell
QuarryTourmaline.
WHITE HALL, SE 1 mi. and 2½ mi. NE, area minesMagnetite.
WHITE MARSH, area exposures of pegmatiteAmethyst.
BALTIMORE, CARROLL, FREDERICK & HOWARD COUNTIES
AREA, the Blue Ridge district, regional exposures of crystalline rocks, as veinlets,
stringers, discolorations, etc.Malachite.
BALTIMORE and HARFORD COUNTIES
AREA, quarries in inferior deposits of fibrous serpentineChrysotile asbestos.
CALVERT COUNTY
PRINCE FREDERICK, both N and S along the shores of Chesapeake Bay:  Breezy
Point to Cove Point, in cliffs and strata and weathered out onto beaches, great variety of
gemstone hard, colorful, and lapidary qualityfossils;  Calvert Cliffs State Park (no
collecting in park)fossils and shark teeth.
CARROLL COUNTY
AREA, W part of Co. and E part of Frederick Co., in limestone exposuresGalena.
ELDERSBURG, N 1½ mi.:  at the Monroe prospect dumpsAzurite and
Malachite;  1 mi. E of Monroe prospect, on both sides of Rte. 32, the Beasman prospect,
abundantPyrite.
FINKSBURG:  E 1 mi., on both sides of US 140 and Rte. 526: (a) the Patapsco
MinesCobalt and Nickel minerals; (b) 200 yds. S of Rte. 526, the Wildesen Mine
Cobalt and Nickel minerals; (c) between US 140 and Rte. 526, the Orchard MineCobalt
and Nickel;  Union Bridge, a quarrymarble (pink and green, swirling cloudlike
patterns);  SW 7 mi., at Mineral Hill, area minesBornite, Chalcocite, Gold and
Specularite.
MIDDLEBURG, between town and Big Pipe Cr., sparingly in outcrops of a red
sandstoneChrysocolla.
NEW WINDSOR, area mines, prospectsAzurite, Bornite, Calamine, Malachite,
Smithsonite and Sphalerite.
SYKESVILLE:  area, as the center of a once important mining district, many old
mine dumps and pitsActinolite, some native Copper and Gold, Epidote, Garnet, some
Malachite, Lead-Zinc minerals, gemmy marble, Quartz, soapstone, specular Hematite
(on dumps of iron mines), Tremolite and Zoisite;  NW ½ mi.: (a) the Springfield Mine
233
Maryland
Copper and Iron minerals; (b) across Piney Run to the NE, the Carroll Minesome
Copper, Epidote, Garnet, Specularite and Iron minerals.
UNION BRIDGE, SW 3 mi. in Mountain View Lead Mine ¼ mi. W of Beaver Dam
Church on Beaver Dam rd.Quartz crystals.
WESTMINSTER, N of new Windsor rd. ¼ mi. at Hyde Limestone QuarryQuartz
crystals.
CECIL COUNTY
AREA: (see introduction paragraph for State Line Pits) Recommended collecting
methods are to avoid the old pits and dig around in general brushy areas between or
adjacent to the excavations, particularly in areas where the chrome miners dumped their
gangue rockKämmererite, gemmy serpentine, soapstone, Williamsite, etc.,
Chromite, Zaratite, Brucite, Magnesite.
BALD FRIAR, CONOWINGO CREEK, FLINTVILLE & PILOT, area mines and
feldspar quarriesFeldspar crystals, Garnets, Mica and Quartz crystals.
CONOWINGO:  N on US 222 to within ½ mi. of PA line, then E on dimly marked
Connelly Rd. to State Line Pits (long abandoned chrome mines), on dumps and brush
covered surfacessome Kämmererite, soapstone, serpentine and Williamsite;  other
area mines (some periodically operating), Red Pit, Wood Chrome, Wet Pit, Hillside, North
Rock Springs (Jenkins Mine), Cedar Hill (a noted operating mine, the Stolfus Quarry), and
Newboldgemmy serpentine and Williamsite.
ELK MILLS, for US 40 go N on Hwy. 280 to Cheery Hill, then E on Hwy. 277 to
quarry on E bank of Elk Cr.Beryl and Garnet.
ROCK SPRINGS CROSSROADS, N ¾ mi., area pitsBrucite, purple
Kämmererite, Magnesite, serpentine and Williamsite.
WEST NOTTINGHAM, area quarry, forming wall rockserpentine.
FREDERICK COUNTY
CATOCTIN FURNACE:  area iron slag dumpsgemmy slag (fluorescent,
brightly colored, can be cut and polished);  SW, mine on hillMagnesite and Silver.
FREDERICK, in area crushed stone quarrypink Fluorite.
JOHNSVILLE:  area mines, the Liberty, Bare Hill, etc.Bornite, Chalcocite
and Malachite;  SE 1 mi. and ½ mi. N of the Coppermine Rd., at the Repp
MineCopper minerals (abundant in dumps), brecciated marble (pink and purple), milky
Quartz;  SE 1½ mi., on E side of Beaverdam Cr.Barite crystals and marble;  NE 1¾
mi., near an old stone church, the Cox Mine dumps (brush covered) Copper-Lead-Zinc
minerals.
LANTZ, Catoctin Mt., area outcrops, as specimen material onlynative Copper.
234
LIBERTYTOWN:  area mine
dumpsCopper, Gold, Silver and Zinc
minerals (This is the heart of the old
Linganore mining district.
The mine
dumps carry also Azurite, Chrysocolla,
Covellite,
Malachite,
Tenorite,
Cerussite, Anglesite and Smithsonite.)
 E ¾ mi. and ¼ mi. S of Rte. 26 on both
sides of Dollyhyde Cr., the Dolly Hyde
MineCopper minerals and some
marble;  SW ¾ mi., on dumps of the
Hammond prospects Bornite, pink
Calcite, Covellite, Malachite and rock
crystal;  N 2 mi., the Liberty Mine,
and  ¾ mi. W of Rte. 75 on S side of
Gold Mine rd., many open cut mines and
pitsAzurite, Barite, Bornite, Calcite,
Liberty & Dolly Hyde Copper Mines
Chalcocite, Chrysocolla, Epidote,
Feldspar, Galena, Gold, Hematite,
Malachite, Pyrite, Quartz and Sphalerite;  regional land surfaces, especially hillsides
around townBarite crystals and gemmy conglomerate (jasper, rhyolite).
MIDDLETOWN, valley occurrences, mines, pits, etc.Stibnite.
NEW LONDON, in SW corner of town, the new London MineBarite and Copper
bearing marble.
POINT OF ROCK:  on state highway land, gemmypuddingstone (a colorful
conglomerate);  an area depositPyrolusite;  a quarry between town and Washington
jct.Calcite, jasper, marble and Quartz. (The marble is locally called Calico or Potomac
marble, a breccia of calcite and not true marble.)
UNIONVILLE, NW ¾ mi. at the Young place on S side of an old mine rd., a
producing mineLead-Zinc minerals, Pyrite and Quartz.
HARFORD COUNTY
CAMBRIA, BROAD CHEEK, area quarriesserpentine.
CARDIFF, area quarriesGarnet, Pyrite, serpentine and Staurolites.
CASTLETON, N 1 mi., extending W along the Susquehanna R.Quartz crystals
and Tourmaline.
CHERRY HILL:  SE, and just E of Chrome Hill, mine pitsChromite and
serpentine;  E ½ mi., area surfacesSmoky Quartz crystals (singles, groups); 
Chrome Hill, mine dumpsActinolite, Bronzite and Garnet.
COOPSTOWN, NW 2 mi., the Walkens Mine (and the Reed Mine) Chromite, gem
serpentine, soapstone, etc.
DEER CREEK, area quarriesserpentine.
DUBLIN, area minesserpentine and soapstone.
FLINTVILLE, area hills, draws, etc.moss agate and jasper.
MINEFIELD, SE 1 mi., a small mineMagnetite.
PYLESVILLE, W 2½ mi., in serpentine mineMagnetite and Rutile.
WHITEFORD (on Rte. 136 just S of the PA line), E on foot of a hill, the Green Marble
Quarry and millgemmy Verde Antique, Chrysotile asbestos.
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Maryland
HOWARD COUNTY
CLARKSVILLE, area quarriesmarble.
DAVIS:  S 1 mi., the Frost Feldspar QuarryGarnet, Smoky Quartz crystals,
Sphene and Vesuvianite;  SE ½ mi., quarrymarble.
HIGHLAND:  S, at Browns Bridge Rd. near Lime Kiln Rd. 1 mi. NE of Alpha, a
quarrymarble;  Brown Bridge N 0.3 mi. a schist outcropGarnets and Staurolites;
 below Snell Bridge and 0.7 mi. S of Henrytown on the Tunnel Rd.Garnets and
Staurolites;
 Bear Island (in the Potomac R.), exposuresApatite, Epidote,
Amphibolite, Sphene and Zircon.
ILCHESTER, area and regional feldspar quarries, especially at the Day Mine
operating in pegmatitepegmatite minerals and gems.
MARRIONTTSVILLE:  W 1 mi., at Carroll’s Mill, and  N 2 mi., at Nicols,
quarriesmarble.
SCAGGSVILLE:  SW 1 mi., the Ben Murphy Mica Minegem Beryl (green,
yellow), Autunite, Gahnite and Mica;  NW, the old Maryland Mica MineAmethyst,
black Tourmaline and other various minerals.
SIMPSONVILLE, the Maryland Mine (once the richest gold mine in the state) on
Arrington farmAmethyst, Beryl, Galena, Gold (in quartz dikes), Pyrite and Silver.
WOODBINE, some old area mines (make local inquiry) Gold.
MONTGOMRY COUNTY
ASHTON:  E 2 mi.,  Woodfield, and  Cedar lane, area quarriesserpentine
and Steatite.
BROOKFIELD, area abandoned minesPyrolusite.
BURNT MILLS, the Kensington Mica
MineGolden Beryl and Mica.
ETCHISON,
area
mineschrome
Tourmaline.
GAITHERSBURG, N, along the 6 mi.
to Seneca Cr., as floatserpentine and
Steatite.
GREAT FALLS, the Great Falls
MineGold and Tetradymite.
ROCKVILLE (a suburb of Washington
DC), NW on US 70:  W a short distance on
Rte. 28, a large quarryDiopside;  NW, in
a concrete aggregate quarry near Hunting
HillCalcite,
Chlorite,
Deweylite
(fluorescent), Diopside, Grossularite garnet
(massive), Hydromagnesite (fluorescent),
The Great Falls Mine
Idocrase, Opal and serpentine;  Hunting
Hill (massive serpentine body over 4 mi. long),
are quarriesCalcite, gem Diopside, Garnet, common opal and serpentine;  6 mi. out
along the Darnestown Rd.Talc.
SPRINGFIELD, take first rd. on Left from school marked Vaughn Summit to
concrete bridge, in streamjasper.
PRINCE GEORGES COUNTY
AREA, exposures of the Potomac fm.petrified wood.
236
BELTSVILLE, (a) old area mine dumps; and (b) in stream beds to NHyalite opal,
Quartz crystals and silicified wood.
OXEN HILL, area old minesPyrite.
WASHINGTON COUNTY
CAVETOWN, Cavetown Quarry, N on Rte. 66 to RR crossing, park and walk W along
tracks to trail NW to QuarryCalcite, Onyx.
HANCOCK:  area quarriesfossils and Quartz crystals;  S on Hwy. 522 to
Pennsylvania Sand Corp. pitQuartz.
HARPERS FERRY (Jefferson Co.), N 3 mi. on N shore of the Potomac R.
Pyrolusite.
WORCESTER COUNTY
OCEAN CITY, in beach at Point LookoutCape May Diamonds (Quartz).
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Massachusetts
MASSACHUSETTS
The Connecticut River Valley divides Massachusetts, with its mean elevation of 500
ft. above sea level, into an eastern coastal plain, marked by short, swift rivers, and a western
region of minor uplands that rise toward the Berkshire Hills in north central Berkshire Co.
These hills, which climax in Mt. Greylock at 3,491 ft., are but the glaciated remnants of an
Ordovician mountain building overthrust of such magnitude that the whole of New England
was narrowed by several hundred miles. The crumpling of Cambrian and Ordovician
sedimentary strata raised up the Taconic Mountain range, which borders the western part of
the state.
The Connecticut River Valley is characterized by sill type exposures of vast basalt
flows. Gas cavities in the basalts often contain such collectable items as agate, chalcedony,
and geodes which are sometimes lined with excellent amethysts. Although extensive
limonite iron ore beds of considerable economic value occur in the West Stockbridge area of
Berkshire Co., and coal is found in Norfolk Co., the mineral industry of Massachusetts is
definitely secondary in importance to industrialization.
BARNSTABLE COUNTY
CAPE COD, pebbles on beach between Sandwich and the Plymouth Co.
boundaryjasper (with Epidote).
BERKSHIRE COUNTY
DALTON, area mines, quarriesasbestos and talc.
HOOSAC TUNNEL, area minestalc.
WILLIAMSTOWN, area deposits, once minedocher and sienna.
WINDSOR, area quarriessoapstone.
238
A Location Guide for Rock Hounds in the Unites States
DUKES COUNTY (Martha’s Vineyard Island)
AREA, various exposures and deposits scattered over the islandalum.
GRAY HEAD: (a) in area exposures of lignite clays, and (b) on shore eroded from
green-sand depositalum and Amber.
ESSEX COUNTY
GLOUCESTER, in Pomroy QuarrySmoky Quartz and Amazonite.
NEWBURYPORT:  area lead mines (make inquiry) Chalcopyrite, Galena,
Pyrite, Sphalerite, Siderite and Tetrahedrite;  S, in area quarries (first rd. Left for 2
mi., park walk to Devil’s Den, in mine dump)noble serpentine and Verde Antique.
PITTSFIELD, in SE part of towngreen Quartz.
ROCKPORT:  (a) area pegmatite exposures; and (b) in Cape Ann Granite Quarry
Amazonite.
ROWLEY, area fields, cuts and excavationsjasper.
STOCKBRIDGE, on Monument Mt. 3 mi. S via US 7Smoky Quartz.
FRANKLIN COUNTY
BERNARDSTON, area minesHematite.
CONWAY:  area gravel pitsagate;  area exposures of quartz veins (once
mined) Psilomelane and Pyrolusite;  area quarriesFluorite;  (a) in Deerfield R.,
and (b) in breccia in SE part of townjasper.
DEERFIELD:  area basalt sillsagate nodules;  area quarriesFluorite; 
gravel beds of the Deerfield R.agate and chalcedony.
EAST DEERFIELD, the Cheapside QuarryAmethyst, chalcedony geodes and
Prehnite.
GREENFIELD, area minesChalcopyrite.
239
Massachusetts
LEVERETT, area minesChalcopyrite.
MONTAGUE, area minesChalcopyrite, Hematite.
NORTHFIELD:  area quarriesFluorite;  area pegmatite exposures (mines,
prospects, pits) Garnet and Golden Beryl; Northfield Mt., area deposits, material
suitable for cuttingGarnet.
ROWE:  area mines and millsTalc;  the Davis MineChalcopyrite and
cupriferous Pyrite.
WARWICK, area minesHematite.
ZOAR, area mines and millsTalc.
HAMPDEN COUNTY
BLANDFORD, area pegmatites and quarriesBeryl and Feldspar.
CHESTER:
 area depositsGarnets (fine crystals);
 area old emery
minesDiaspore, emery (impure corundum), jasper and Pyrrhotite;  three area
outcrops of serpentineChromite;  in W branch of Westfield R.jasper.
MONTGOMERY, area minesGalena.
NORWICH, area pegmatite outcrops (quarries, prospects) gem Beryl.
RUSSELL, area depositsGarnets (as fine crystals).
SPRINGFIELD, W on US 20, between town of Westfield, the Lane Quarry
Amethyst, Datolite and Prehnite.
WESTFIELD, Atwater Quarryserpentine
HAMPSHIRE COUNTY
AMHERST:  area gravel pitsagate;  Lane Trap Rock Quarry on Hwy.
116Amethyst, Prehnite and Datolite.
CHESTERFIELD:  area deposits, pegmatites and quarriesgem Beryl, Kyanite
and Staurolite;  N of meetinghouse 1 mi. on old Searle farmRhodonite and Kyanite.
CUMMINGTON:  area mine in Silurian schist exposure, as fine gemstone material
long mined for ornamentsRhodonite;  Forge Hill, S 6 mi., areaAnkerite, Garnet,
Quartz crystals, Rhodochrosite and Rhodonite.
GOSHEN:  area pegmatite outcropsgem Beryl;  N 80° W 1½ mi., a pegmatite
dike 300 yds. N of the N end of Lily PondEmerald, Goshenite (colorless beryl), Smoky
Quartz crystals and Tourmaline.
240
LITHIA, the Barrus Farm, first farm N of Lithia is the Barrus mine, pegmatite
outcropTourmaline, Lepidolite and Spodumene.
LOUDVILLE:  area minesChalcopyrite and Wulfenite;  the Manhan Lead
mineCerussite (fluorescent), Lead minerals.
MIDDLEFIELD, N section, fine bed associated with exposure of serpentine
soapstone.
NORTHHAMPTON, area minesFluorite, Galena, Wulfenite and some
Chalcopyrite.
NORWICH BRIDGE, area pegmatite outcropsgem Beryl.
PELHAM, area mines (4 mi. SW)asbestos, Apatite and emery.
PLAINFIELD, in Betts manganese mine and other mines 1 mi. WRhodonite.
SOUTHAMPTON, area minesFluorite, Galena, Wulfenite and some
Chalcopyrite.
WEST CHESTERFIELD, W ¼ mi. in road cut on Hwy. 143Smoky Quartz.
WEST CUMMINGTON; West Cummington manganese mine ½ mi. N of Hwy. 9 on a
mine rd. that leaves Hwy. 9 roughly 3 mi. from fork of Hwy. 9 and 112 just NW of
Cummington, on dump or in oreRhodonite.
WEST SPRINGFIELD, area minesFluorite, Galena, Wulfenite and some
Chalcopyrite.
MIDDLESEX COUNTY
FRAMINGHAM, area deposits of minor extentJade (possibly only Williamsite).
MALDEN, area beds of argillaceous slatesnovaculite.
SOMERVILLE, area quarriesPrehnite.
WESTFORD, exposures of metamorphic rocksChiastolite crystals (exposures are
argillaceous slates.)
NORTHFOLK COUNTY
COHASSET, on shores of Massachusetts Bayjasper (with Epidote).
PLYMOUTH COUNTY
MARSHFIELD, on beachjasper pebbles.
MIDDLEBORO, in vein running N from Rochester to Middleboro and SW to
Fairhavenagate and chalcedony.
WORCESTER COUNTY
BOLTON:  E 2 mi., a limestone quarryScapolite (crystals, massive, pink);  E
2¼ mi. in dump of Bolton Lime Quarry (fee) Scapolite.
FITCHBURG, in pegmatite in W side of Rollstone HillBeryl.
HUBBARDSTON, area mines (for copperas) Pyrite.
ROYALSTON, N 68° E 2½ mi., at Beryl Hill, the Reynolds Mine (most productive
locality in state for blue and yellow gem quality material) Beryl, Smoky Quartz crystals
and Muscovite mica.
STERLING, area exposures of micaceous slatesChalcopyrite and Siderite.
STURBRIDGE, area mines in gneissgraphite.
241
Michigan
MICHIGAN
Michigan is separated into two distinct parts by the Ice Age waters of Lake
Michigan. In the far northwest the Upper Peninsula extends from the Wisconsin boundary
to front onto southwestern Lake Superior, where a long arm, the Keweenaw Peninsula,
curves into the great body of fresh water. This remote region is the northern woods country,
known facetiously as a land with ten months winters and two months sledding. Here,
enormous Copper deposits were early stripped of great masses of native metal, as well as
unbelievably rich ores, with active mining continuing right up to the present.
Mined primitively by prehistoric Indians for nuggets of Native Copper that could be
hammered into ornaments, the deposits also produced many such huge unworkable masses
as one single nugget that weighed more than 420 tons, when eventually broken up and
excavated by the miners. The most productive mines and gem rich dumps occur in the
Copper Range, about 25 miles long, extending from Painedale in Houghton Co. to Mohawk in
242
Keweenaw Co. However, virtually every community shown on maps of the Upper Peninsula
is a mining center and consequently of interest.
Also occurring in the Upper Peninsula are almost equally important and extensive
bodies of high grade Iron ore. Where the copper mine dumps yield up very many gemstone
materials and colorful ore minerals, the iron dumps are more gemologically noted for a
rather extraordinarily attractive gemstone known as the Kona Dolomite. This impure
dolomite is really a breccia of silicified algae of Huronian age, 2½ to 3 billion years old. The
fossil algae grade into chert and quartzite in various shades of pink, orange, brown and red
intricately laced with steel-black Hematite.
The gem and mineral collector will find that there are two different types of
collecting to be considered in Michigan: Hunting along the State’s lake beaches for
gemstones (especially Lake Superior type agates) and working over almost countless iron
and copper mine dumps. The Keweenaw Peninsula, especially in Houghton and Keweenaw
counties, contains the richest copper mines. At the same time, the Lake Superior beaches
surrounding the peninsula are rich in agates, with Thomsonite and Chlorastrolite
occasionally encountered.
243
Michigan
The agates are generally small but richly banded and quite colorful. An occasional
large nodule may be found, as witness the 17 lbs. prize reported from Keweenaw Point. They
represent a subvariety of the Lake Superior type, differing in their primary color, are brown
with generally tone-on-tone bands and a tendency toward greater opaqueness. The
associated Thomsonite is a pastel pink and green cutting material (perhaps a pink
Prehnite) occurring in radiating sunburst patterns. The Chlorastrolite, locally termed
greenstone, is a rare Zeolite gemstone. Along with these sought after materials, the
collector is also likely to find waterworn samples of chalcedony, jasper, gemmy chert and
Adularia orthoclase.
The copper dist. mine dumps are especially interesting to the collector. The dumps
contain abundantly the unusual assortment of blue-green-purple ore minerals plus frequent
nuggets of native Copper & Silver and a naturally occurring combination locally named
half-breeds. In addition occur such other gemmy materials as Ankerite, Calcite crystals
(many with raw copper inclusions), Domeykite, Epidote, Laumontite, Prehnite and
Tenorite with Chrysocolla. Indeed, the Keweenaw Peninsula mines and beaches,
including Isle Royale, afford at least 60 desirable gemstone and minerals.
The Lower Peninsula, constituting most of Michigan, also contains a considerable
mineral wealth, but mainly in such less spectacular products as Gypsum, sandstone,
limestone and salt. One exception to the general paucity of gemmy materials is the locally
abundant occurrences of the famed calcified Hexagonaria coral know as Petoskey stones.
These gemmy fossils are most abundant along the beaches of Traverse Bay from Petoskey in
Emmet Co. to Charlevoix in Charlevoix Co., a stretch of 14 miles, as well as in the regional
gravel pits and quarries back from the beaches. Elsewhere in the lower Michigan, quarries
and gravel pits yield up crystals of Calcite, Celestite, Dolomite, Pyrite, Sphalerite and
various kinds of quartz family gemstones.
ALPENA COUNTY
ALPENA:  area quarries and gravel pitsfossils, Petoskey stones;  N 9 mi.
on US 23, then E 1½ mi. to the Rockport Quarryfossils, Petoskey stones, Pyrite.
BARAGA COUNTY
L’ANSE, area pits, quarriesGraphite.
CHARLEVOIX COUNTY
NORWOOD:  area exposures of the Traverse limestonegemmy chert (colorful);
 N, along Lake Michigan beachesPetoskey stones;  all regional quarries, gravel pits,
etc. fossils, Petoskey stones.
CHEBOYGAN COUNTY
AFTON, area quarriesfossils, Petoskey stones.
BURT LAKE, area beach gravelsfossils, Petoskey stones.
CHIPPEWA COUNTY
RABER, area quarriessilicified coral (gemmy).
TROUT LAKE, E, in Scott’s Quarryagatized coral, chert, flint.
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DICKINSON COUNTY
FELCH, at Rian’s QuarryActinolite, asbestos, Dolomite crystals, Biotite,
Wollastonite.
IRON MOUNTAIN, LORETTO, NORWAY, QUINNESEC, RANDVILLE, VULCAN,
WAUCEDAH, all regional iron mines, richest iron ore in MichiganHematite.
RANDVILLE:  area quarriesBeryl, Quartz crystals, Tourmaline;  the
Metro-Nite QuarryFluorite, Phlogopite, Pyrite, Pyroxene and various ore minerals.
EATON COUNTY
BELLEVUE, the Cheney QuarryCalcite, brilliant Marcasite, Pyrite.
GRAND LEDGE, W 1 mi., a quarryCalcite, Sphalerite.
EMMET COUNTY
AREA, widespread exposures and outcrops of the Traverse limestonePetoskey
stones.
PETOSKEY:  W, to Charlevoix in Charlevoix Co., in lake beach gravels,
abundantPetoskey stones;  all regional quarries (extending E clear across MI)
Petoskey stones.
GOGEBIC COUNTY
BESSEMER, IRONWOOD,
Hematite, Specularite.
WAKEFIELD,
all
regional
iron
mine
dumps
HOUGHTON COUNTY
CALUMET, W about 6 mi. to the F. J. McClain State Park (on beach), beach gravels
all the way to Five Mile PointAdularia, chalcedony, chert, jasper, Keweenaw agates,
Thomsonite.
HANCOCK, area dumps of the Arcadian and Quincy minesCopper, Iron and
other associated minerals found in the Keweenaw Peninsula.
HOUGHTON:  area mine dumps of the Clack, Delaware and Iroquois mines; 
Quincy Mine (across Portage Lake) high quality Datolite, Prehnite;  Old Huron
MineQuartz crystals;  Sheldon-Columbia Mine (on Portage Lake)Algodonite,
Domeykite.
KEARSARGE, dumps of the Wolverine MineKeweenaw agate, Chrysocolla,
Epidote.
LAKE LINDEN, S, in beach gravels around shores of Torch Lakefossils,
Petoskey stones.
SOUTH RANGE, the Baltic Shaft No. 2Bornite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite,
Calcite.
HOUGHTON & KEWEENAW COUNTIES
AREA, the Copper Range (extending 25 mi. from Painsdale in Houghton Co. to
Mohawk in Keweenaw Co.), many mines and prospectsCopper minerals, native Copper.
Famous mines include, in order from SW to NE: Champion, Trimountain, Baltic, Atlantic,
Superior, Houghton, Isle Royale, Hancock, Quincy, Franklin, Osceola, LaSalle, Calumet &
Hecla, Tamarack, Centennial, South Kearsarge, Wolverine, North Kearsarge, Allouez,
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Michigan
Ahmeek, Mohawk and Objibway. Copper minerals occur abundantly on all mine dumps
along with Datolite, Algodonite, chalcedony, Chrysocolla, Domeykite, Prehnite,
Quartz crystals, etc.
HURON COUNTY
BAY POINT, area limestone quarriesgemmy chert nodules.
POINTE AUX BARQUES, in shale exposures around the lighthouse, abundant
Marcasite.
SEBEWAING, area coal minesMarcasite.
IOSCO COUNTY
ALABASTER, area quarriesalabaster, Gypsum.
NATIONAL CITY, area quarriesalabaster.
TAWA CITY, N, in gravel pits, finest in stateQuartz crystals.
IRON COUNTY
AMASA, CRYSTAL FALLS, IRON RIVER, MANSFIELD, STAMBAUGH, all
regional iron mines and dumpsHematite, Specularite.
ISLE ROYALE COUNTY
AREA (off tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula, a National park with collecting
prohibited, but scuba diving off shore is prolific) massive Chlorastrolite, specular
Thomsonite:  Black Cr. Beach, where cr. enters Lake Superioronyx (black and white);
 old workings at the Epidote Mining Claim and at Thomsonite BeachChlorastrolite
(greenstone), Datolite nodules, Thomsonite;  Seven Mile Point Beachagate (purple
banded);  head of Siskowit Bay and on N shore of Tobin Harbor, toward Blake Point, and
on adjoining island beaches as well as inland on prehistoric lake beaches from McCargo
Coveagate nodules, carnelian, Quartz crystals;  S shore of Siskwit Lake, in gravels
Chlorastrolite.
KENT COUNTY
GRAND RAPIDS, extreme W suburb of Grandville, area Gypsum quarries
alabaster, Gypsum.
KEWEENAW COUNTY
AHMEEK:  area beaches, quarries, gravel pitsKeweenaw agate, Thomsonite;
 area Copper minesAzurite, Algodonite, Bornite, Chrysocolla, Domeykite, native
Copper, Malachite.
ALLOUEZ, dumps of the Allouez Minechalcedony, Chrysocolla, native Copper.
CENTRAL, CLARK, CLIFF, DELAWARE, MANDAN, PHOENIX, all regional mines
(most named after communities) Azurite, Algodonite, Bornite, Chrysocolla,
Domeykite, native Copper, Malachite.
COPPER FALLS:  Copper Falls Mine DumpsZeolite crystals, plus area Copper
minerals;  N, areaAmethyst.
246
COPPER HARBOR, Clark Mine dumpDatolite, green Epidote (shot through with
Copper), Thomsonite.
EAGLE HARBOR:
 local beach gravels, quarries, pitsKeweenaw agate,
Thomsonite;  S, to area of Ahmeek, beach gravelsagates, Adularia, chalcedony,
chert, jasper, Thomsonite (variety of pink Prehnite).
KEWEENAW POINT, area beach gravelsKeweenaw agate, Adularia,
chalcedony, chert, jasper, Thomsonite.
MOHAWK, area Copper minesAzurite, Algodonite, Bornite, Chlorastrolite,
Chrysocolla, Domeykite, native Copper, Malachite.
KEWEENAW, HOUGHTON & ONTONAGON COUNTIES
KEWEENAW PENINSULA AREA, all regional Copper mine dumps (very many)
Ankerite, Calcite, Chlorastrolite, native Copper, Silver and Copper-Silver,
Datolite, Domeykite, Epidote, Laumontite, Prehnite, Quartz crystals, Tenorite with
Chrysocolla.
MACKINAC COUNTY
ST. IGNACE, NW 10 mi., at Pointe Aux Chenes, area quarriesGypsum.
MANITOU ISLAND
AREA (off E tip of Keweenaw Peninsula):  all beaches surrounding island,  N
shore of bays especially productiveLake Superior agates.
MARQUETTEE COUNTY
AREA, all communities shown on maps surround great mines of the same name;
Champion, Gwinn, Humboldt, Palmer, Princeton, Republic, etc.; mines plus many other
regional mines with productive dumpsHematite, Specularite, jasper, jaspilite, etc.
CHAMPION, the Champion Mine (in pegmatite) Hematite, Sapphire, Sericite,
Specularite.
GWINN, the Archibald MineGypsum (crystals on Hematite), Hematite
(specular), Magnetite.
ISHPEMING:  area prospects in T. 48 N, R. 27 WGold;  near town, the Ropes
Minefree Gold, auriferous Pyrite, Chalcopyrite;  all regional occurrences of glacial
drift gravels, by panningGold colors;  Lindberg Quarrygemmy Kona Dolomite
(brown, orange, pink, red);  Jasper Hilljasper, jaspilite;  All area iron mine
dumpsIron minerals: (a) the Lake ShaftHematite, greenstone, jasper, Quartz; (b)
Section Sixteen MineHematite, Limonite, jasper, Calcite (on Hematite), Quartz
crystals, Pyrite crystals, talc; (c) the Holmes MineHematite, jasper, Limonite, Calcite
(fillings in Hematite), mica, Magnetite crystals, specular Hematite; (d) the Cliffs Shaft
Minechert, jasper, Pyrite, specular Hematite; (e) the Morris-Lloyd MineHematite
(with blue jasper), Iron minerals.
MICHIGAMME:  area outcrops, prospects, etc.jaspilite;  Mt. Shasta,
outcropsGarnets;  Michigamme Minechalcedony, Hematite, jaspilite;  in rd. cut
S of Lake MichigammeStaurolite.
NEGAUNEE:  the Cambria Minemassive Hematite, specular Hematite
(schist), Talc;
 Lucy MineBarite;
 the Baltic Mine dumps, massive
Rhodochrosite.
247
Michigan
REPUBLIC:  area outcrops, abundantjaspilite;  area pegmatite outcrops,
prospects, pitsBeryl, Quartz crystals, Tourmaline;  the Republic MineHematite,
Specularite, jasper, jaspilite.
MONROE COUNTY
MONROE, the France Stone Quarry, as crystalsgolden Calcite, Dolomite.
OCEANA COUNTY
HART, S about 3½ mi., Crystal Lake beach gravelsfossils, Petoskey stones.
ONTONAGON COUNTY
AREA, S and SW part of Co. adjoining Houghton Co., as a southward extending
mineral belt, such mines as the Lake, Mass, Adventure, Michigan and VictoriaCopper
minerals, native Copper & Silver:  Lake and Algomah minesCopper minerals,
Chrysocolla;  Indiana Mine and adjoining propertiesChrysocolla, Malachite, native
Copper (in masses of felsite), native Silver.
MASS:  area mine dumps (many) Ankerite, Calcite, Chlorastrolite, native
Copper, Silver and Copper-Silver, Datolite, Domeykite, Epidote, Laumontite,
Prehnite, Quartz crystals, Tenorite with Chrysocolla;  the Mass Mine (on Hwy. 26)
Chrysocolla, Datolite, Malachite, etc.
ONTONAGON, area Lake Superior beach gravelsAdularia, Keweenaw agates,
chalcedony, chert, jasper, Thomsonite (pink and green).
ROCKLAND, area mine dumpsAnkerite, Calcite, Chlorastrolite, native
Copper, Silver and Copper-Silver, Datolite, Domeykite, Epidote, Laumontite,
Prehnite, Quartz crystals, Tenorite with Chrysocolla.
SILVER CITY:  area around Gull Point in beach gravelsKeweenaw agates; 
W about 8 mi., area of the Porcupine Mts. (outside the Sate Park): (a) area mines
Hematite, chalcedony, jasper, jaspilite, Specularite; (b) area exposures of abundant
gemmy massesjaspilite (a jasper laced attractively with steely specularite).
PRESQUE ISLE COUNTY
ONAWAY, area quarries, gravel pits, etc.fossils, Petoskey stones.
PRESQUE ISLE, area beach gravels of Lake Huronagate, chalcedony geodes,
gemmy brown sandstone (veined with Calcite).
SCHOOLCRAFT COUNTY
WHITEDALE, area quarries, pitssilicified corals.
WAYNE COUNTY
DETROIT, S to Rockwood, the Sylvania Quarrygeodes (containing yellow Calcite
or Celestite).
248
MINNESOTA
This nearly level and most northern state of the continental United States is a broad
glaciated plain with an elevation of 1,000’ to 1,500’ above sea level. More than 11,000
Pleistocene ice-scoured basins are filled with sparkling lake waters, remnants of the great
Pleistocene lake Agassiz, 700 mi. long by 250 mi. wide, that covered much of northwestern
Minnesota some 10,000 years ago, and lesser lakes elsewhere that impounded the glacial
melt waters as the ice retreated northward. Only the extreme southeastern corner of the
state, in the eastern parts of Winona and Houston counties escaped the Ice Age glaciers.
Thus immense deposits of glacial drift, consisting of till, gravels and stratified sands and
clays dominate the state’s surface topography.
The only section that might be termed at all mountainous lies in the northeastern
triangle. Here the Lake Superior hill ranges (Sawteeth, Mesabi, Cuyuna, Gunflint, Giant’s
Range, Vermillion) rear a few worn and rounded peaks to the elevation near 2,000’ above sea
level, or 500’ above the surrounding countryside. Even these ranges from which much of the
world’s richest Iron ores have come are heavily drift covered.
249
Minnesota
By far the most widely distributed and popular gemstone, for which Minnesota is
especially noted, is Lake Superior agate, distinguished by its translucency, rich glowing
colors, and fine parallel banding. Lake Superior agate are usually found in sizes from ½” to
2” in dia. (with an occasional nodule weighting several pounds) and containing high grade
gem quality throughout. Three forms are recognized: eye agates, an onyx-like banded agate,
and fortification agate that resembles the famed Fairburn agates of South Dakota.
Practically every glacial moraine of drift deposit, every gravel bank and stream bar, every
lake beach, quarry, excavation, and gravel pit in the entire state yields up a surprising
abundance of these eagerly sought after gemstone.
BLUE EARTH COUNTY
MANKATO, all regional quarries, gravel pits, stream gravels, etc.Lake Superior
agates.
250
CARLTON COUNTY
CARLTON, all area mine dumpsLake Superior agates, Garnets, Greenalite,
Magnetite, Marcasite, Minnesotaite, Pyrite.
CLOQUET:  area gravel pits, stream gravels, excavationsLake Superior agates;
 area mine dumpsLake Superior agates, Garnets, Greenalite, Magnetite, Marcasite,
Minnesotaite, Pyrite.
CHIPPEWA COUNTY
MONTEVIDEO, area gravel pits, excavations, stream gravelsLake Superior
agates.
COOK COUNTY
GRAND MARAIS:  both E and W, all along the N shore of Lake Superior from US
61 (wherever one can get through private property), all regional beach gravelsLintonite
(var., Thomsonite lacking fibrous structure and olive green transparency throughout),
Thomsonite;  SW 5½ mi., Thomsonite Beach (a 1 sq. mi. area of basalt outcrops
extending a mi. inland and 1 mi. from Terrace Point) Chlorastrolite, Lintonite,
Thomsonite nodules (pink, green, red);  E 14 mi., basalt outcrops along Lake Superior
shorelineLake Superior agates.
GRAND PORTAGE, E to Pigeon Point, area minesargentiferous Chalcocite,
Chalcopyrite, Pyrite.
CROW WING COUNTY
BRAINARD, area and regional gravel pits, excavations, stream beds, lake
shoresLake Superior agates.
CROSBY, IRONTON:  area Iron mine dumps of the Cuyuna Range;  the Arco
and Portsmouth minesagates, chalcedony, jasper, gem binghamite (silkstone, a
crystalline quartz replacement of fibrous goethite stained red with hematite or yellow with
limonite), Iron and Manganese minerals.
FARIBAULT COUNTY
BLUE EARTH, area and regional quarries, gravel pits, stream beds, etc.Lake
Superior agates.
FILLMORE COUNTY
SPRING VALLEY, area glacial drift deposits, by panningGold.
GOODHUE COUNTY
RED WING, area and regional quarries, gravel pits, stream gravels, etc. Lake
Superior agates.
251
Minnesota
HENNEPIN COUNTY
OSSEO (NW suburb of Minneapolis), S ¼ mi. on Rte. 110, then W on rd. dead ending
in a series of gravel pitsLake Superior agates; chalcedony, jasper.
HOUSTON COUNTY
CALEDONIA, area sand quarryCalcite crystals.
LAKE COUNTY
BEAVER BAY, E and W, area Lake Superior beach gravelsLake Superior agates,
Thomsonite, etc.
LAKE OF THE WOODS COUNTY
AREA, Sec. 6, T. 167 N, R. 33 W, a mineFeldspar.
LE SUEUR COUNTY
KASOTA (just S of St. peter via Rte. 22 and W of this rte.), area quarries along the
Minnesota R.gemmy fossil corals.
MORRISON COUNTY
LITTLE FALLS:  area gravel pits, stream gravels, excavations, etc.Lake
Superior agates;  in sands of Elk Cr.Garnets, Staurolites;  Blanchard Dam area (S
of Town via US 10 for 6.3 mi. from St. Gabriel Hospital, turn W 1.2 mi. on township rd., then
N 1.6 mi. to a dirt rd. and ½ mi. to the dam parking area), best under RR bridge in schist
outcropsGarnets, Staurolites;  Charles Lindbergh State Park, in area stream
sandsStaurolites.
ROYALTON:  W 3 mi., along both sides of the Mississippi R. (W side reached from
Bowlus and Royalton) Staurolites.
OLMSTED COUNTY
AREA, all Co. stream gravels, by panningGold colors.
ROCHESTER:  area and regional rd. cuts, banks, etc. Lake Superior agates,
chalcedony, fossils;  E 5 mi., a quarryagate, fossils;  along the Zumbro R. in a
series of prospects on the E bank of the river at the W edge of Sec. 25, T. 107 N., R. 14 W.
Galena, Lead carbonates and sulfates.
PINE COUNTY
PINE CITY, area deposits or showings along banks of the Snake R.Chalcocite.
PIPESTONE COUNTY
PIPESTONE, N 1 mi., Pipestone national Monument Indian Reservation (no
collecting) catlinite (red pipestone).
252
REDWOOD COUNTY
REDWOOD FALLS, area deposits and pits, as kaolinized gneiss and granite
ocher.
ST. LOUIS COUNTY
BIWABIK:  W 1 mi., the Mary Ellen Mine;  W 2 mi., the Corsica Mine;  all inbetween stream gravels, rd. cuts and cut banks, and all abandoned mine waste dumpsLake
Superior agates, Iron minerals, Mary Ellen jasper and other jaspers. These minerals are
found in all regional outcrops of the Mesabi Range Sudan formation.
ELY, SW, Vermillion Range regional creeks, washes, breaks, etc.gem jasper,
Quartz crystals, chalcedony.
EVELETH, entire region WSW for 50 mi. to Grand Rapids in Itasca Co., mainly
along US 169 but including side rds. all mine dumpsLake Superior agates, Iron
minerals, jasper.
FLOODWOOD, area mine dumpsLake Superior agates, Garnets, Greenalite,
Magnetite, Marcasite, Minnesotaite, Pyrite.
HIBBING:  area gravel pits, excavations, stream bedsLake Superior agates; 
regional mine dumpsIron minerals, agate, jasper, Marcasite, Pyrite, etc. The original
town site was moved 1 mi. S to make way for the open pit Iron mine.  Chisholm area
dumpsgem Goethite (botryoidal, stalactitic).
WINTON, area gravel deposits, glacial drifts, etc. Lake Superior agates, Evergreen
jasper.
ST. LOUIS, LAKE & COOK COUNTIES
DULUTH, starting at Lake Ave. and US 61, follow Hwy. NE along shore of Lake
Superior:  mi. 12.2, French R. beach gravelsLake Superior agates;  mi. 18, Knife R.
beachesagates;  telephone pole No. 1385, beachagates;  mi. 28.2; beachagates;
 mi. 34.6, beach and stream gravelsagates;  pole No. 1915, beach gravelsagates; 
pole No. 2120, Gull Rock beach gravelsagates;  mi. 62.5, beach gravelsThomsonite;
 mi. 64.5, mouth of Little Marais R.Thomsonite, Zeolites; bl mi. 103.2, Thomsonite
BeachLintonite, Thomsonite.
SCOTT COUNTY
JORDAN, area glacial drift deposits, panned from gravelsGold colors.
SWIFT COUNTY
APPLETON, area gravel pits, stream gravels, excavationsLake Superior agates.
WABASHA COUNTY
WABASHA:  N side of RR sta., an adjoining gravel pitLake Superior agates; 
(a) the Half Breed Track, an old lead vein occurrence along the N bank of the Zumbro R. in
Sec. 17, T. 110 N., R. 10 W., and (b) further W on the W bank in Sec. 21, T. 109 N., R. 13
W.Galena, Lead carbonates and sulfates.
253
Minnesota
WASHINGTON COUNTY
STILLWATER, area between bluffs of Browns Cr., a deposittripoli.
WINONA COUNTY
WINONA:  area quarries, gravel pits, stream gravels, etc. Lake Superior agates;
 beach gravels around shores of Lake WinonaLake Superior agates;  Goodview
(suburb of Winona), in gravel pit beside US 61agates;  all along right of way of US 61,
especially in roadway gravel bedsagates;  gravely shores of a boat harbor (on
Mississippi R.) just behind the Northwestern shopsagates;  the Bronk quarry, from
Hwy. 14 & 61, 2 mi. W on Hwy. 14dog-tooth Calcite, Dolomite, Goethite, Hematite,
Marcasite, Pyrite.
254
MISSISSIPPI
Although its surface is everywhere characterized by Cretaceous to Tertiary
sediments less than 100 million years old, Mississippi lends its name to a 25 million year
long depositional epoch in American geology that began 355 million years ago during the
Lower Carboniferous period. Like other adjoining states that also anciently lay beneath the
extended Gulf of Mexico, all of the state’s formations were laid down under salt water as the
gulf slowly receded southward from its northern-most Paleozoic reaches below the present
Ohio River Valley. Such sedimentation is still actively going on, wherever rivers discharge
their burdens of mud, silt and sand into the modern Gulf of Mexico.
255
Mississippi
The sixteen counties that embrace most of north-central Mississippi are part of a
very low North Central plateau, underlain by Eocene formations of 60 million years ago. In
the two most northeastern counties of Alcorn and Tishomingo, the Tennessee River Hills
achieve maximum elevation of 700’, while the general statewide surface is at or near sea
level.
Few gemstone localities exist in Mississippi. However, the state yields a great
abundance of fossils of many geologic ages. Petrifactions occur in the northeastern and
central counties, where the preservations occur in unattractive Iron oxide. In some area the
state’s fossil trees contain lovely, small water-clear Quartz crystals, as well as drusy quartz
linings of cracks and fissures. Considerable quantities of this fossil wood weather out of
exposures of the widespread Lafayette formation, with smaller quantities occurring in the
Wilcox and other Tertiary sediments. A considerable petrified forest area, once noted for its
256
abundance of fossil logs that reached six feet in diameter, occur in Madison Co. near Flora,
18 miles northwest of the state capital of Jackson.
BENTON, LAFAYETTE, MARSHALL, TIPPAH COUNTIES
AREA, these northeastern counties contain notable deposits, many mined
Siderite.
COPIAH COUNTY
WESSON, E 4 mi., in a gravel pitagates (banded), chalcedony, petrified wood.
HARRISON COUNTY
GULFPORT, NW 18 mi., gravel beds of Bell Cr.agates.
TALLAHATCHIE COUNTY
CHARLESTON, area exposuresAmber, in the Tuscaloosa formation.
TISHOMINGO COUNTY
IUKA, extensive area deposits, formerly minedocher (red, yellow).
PADEN, area exposures of the Tuscaloosa formationAmber.
WAYNE COUNTY
WAYNESBORO, NW 7 mi., area excavations, cut banks, etc.fossils, petrified
palm.
257
Missouri
MISSOURI
Missouri lies in the greater Mississippi Basin and provides excellent exposures of a
wide range of Paleozoic formations from the Cambrian period through Permian. Cretaceous
marshes and swamp forests left many coal deposits throughout the state, while
epicontinental seas laid down thick beds of sand and limestone. The youngest of the
stratified rocks are the Cretaceous Coal measures which comprise the northwestern twofifths of the state, while the south-central one-third is occupied by the oldest rocks, those of
the great Magnesian Limestone series. However, from the north extending as far south as
the Missouri River, approximately, a thick mantle of Pleistocene detritus derived from the
glaciation of more northern regions overlies the more ancient structures.
The state’s chief topographical feature is the Ozark Uplift, a broad plateau with
gentle slopes rising to 1,500’ above sea level and extending entirely across the southern part
of Missouri, bordered on all sides by deep grooves and narrow gorges. This Ozark region,
containing rock formations of several different geological ages, is one of the most heavily
mineralized areas in the world. Many great mines and pits enrich the state’s economy with
their production of Barite, clay, Hematite and Lead & Zinc with Silver as a by-product.
258
Missouri’s mineral wealth is found three
main regions: Coal in the west and north-ventral
counties, Lead in the Tri State district (in the
corner of Missouri, Kansas and Oklahoma) and
the New Lead district in the Viburnum Trend of
southeastern counties centered at Viburnum,
MO.
A considerable variety of gemstones also
occur in Missouri. Typical Lake Superior agates
are abundant in the glacial drift deposits of
Gentry, Davies, Grundy and Livingston counties,
along with agatized coral and bone,
chalcedony, jasper and petrified wood. All
along the Mississippi River, which is the eastern
boundary of the state, gravel operations yield an
endless supply of fine, high quality agates and
other quartz family gemstones. In Clark Co.,
around Kahoka, exposures of the Warsaw
formation disgorge great quantities of geodes
which differ from the Iowa type in that more of
them are hollow and lined with brilliant crystals
of pink Calcite, Fluorite, Goethite, Millerite
and Pyrite. The regional stream beds contain
many such geodes, which are constantly being
Missouri New Lead District Mines
weathered out of surrounding ledges. Elsewhere,
an interesting and colorful gemmy chert, locally
called Mozarkite, makes rock hunting productive in such central Missouri counties as Benton
and Hickory, while another variety of cutting-quality chert is well known from McDonald Co.
Gemmy crystals of Crested Barite are much sought after in St. François and
Washington counties in eastern Missouri, while directly across the state in Jasper Co.,
gorgeous crystals of Lead and Zinc minerals make dramatic cabinet specimens. These
crystals occur abundantly deep in the Joplin and Tri-State area mines: brilliant cubes of
Galena, a distinctive bronzy cockscomb Marcasite, delicately curved flesh-pink colored
Dolomite, honey-colored Calcite, and the ever-popular deep ruby-red massed crystals of
Sphalerite. Because of their high mineral value, such crystallizations, including iridescent
Chalcopyrite, are not thrown out on the many extensive mine dumps but must be
purchased locally as cabinet specimens.
ADAIR COUNTY
AREA, in the Chariton River, 2 mi. N of the Macon Co. lineCalcite crystals,
Goethite, Quartz, septarian nodules.
ADAIR & MACON COUNTIES
AREA, in dark colored streams materials near Elmer and other areasfine grained
Gold, Garnets.
AUDRAIN COUNTY
MEXICO, in fire clay pits and spoil pilesPyrite.
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Missouri
BARTON COUNTY
LIBERAL, 2.5 mi. NE and other area coal depositsPickeringite, Pyrite,
Siderite.
BATES COUNTY
FOSTER, HUME & RICH HILL, area coal strip minesAlunogen, Gypsum
(fluorescent and phosphorescent), Melanterite.
ROCKVILLE, in coal depositsbrown and white Calcite crystals.
BENTON COUNTY
LINCOLN,  area quarries, rd. cuts, gravel pits, etc.chalcedony, gemmy chert
(Mozarkite), jasper;  4 mi. EGalena.
WARSAW:  all area of low hills along the W edge of the Ozark Uplift, and 
throughout the SE (Bootheel) part of Co.agate, gemmy chert.
260
BENTON, HICKORY, POLK & DADE COUNTIES
AREA, all rd. cuts, banks, breaks, excavations, etc., along the W slopes of the Ozark
Mts., gemmy and colorfulchert.
BOLLINGER COUNTY
LUTESVILLE, all Co. gravel pits, rd. cuts, excavations, etc., extending E through
Cape Girardeau Co. to the Mississippi R.agates, petrified wood.
BOONE COUNTY
AREA:  in the Cheltenham formation, in scattered outcrops scattered over
northern Boone Co.Gypsum crystals, Marcasite, Pyrite;  in the Tebo formation in the
northern half of the countyGypsum crystal, Melanterite.
ASHLAND, Adrian's quarry, between Ashland and Jefferson City on Hwy.
63Calcite (scalenohedral), Chalcopyrite, Marcasite, Millerite and Pyrite.
COLUMBIA:  area,
(a) in quartz-chalcedony geodesDickite; (b) in
Pennsylvanian age fossil woodQuartz as colorless crystals with brown inclusions and
skeletal faces;  Columbia Brickyard Pit (old clay pit), below a coal seamCopiapite,
Gypsum, Melanterite, Pyrite;  N at Finger Lake State Park (a former strip mine)
Aragonite, Copiapite, Gypsum, Halotrichite, Marcasite, Melanterite, Pyrite.
RUCKER, in a greenish-gray clay in a roadcut 0.2 mi. westAlunogen, Gypsum.
BUCHANAN COUNTY
RUSHVILLE, in Sugar Cr. E of town, in septarian nodules in Pennsylvanian shales
along creekAragonite, Calcite, Celestite, Pyrite, Sphalerite.
BUTLER COUNTY
POPLAR BLUFF, the Williamsville quarry NW of townyellow Calcite, Dolomite,
Limonite, Quartz.
CALLAWAY COUNTY
FULTON:  at the Knight Bank Iron mine, 5 mi. SW, along the Aux Vasse
Cr.Hematite (specular & earthy), Siderite;  in SE Fulton, as an efflorescence on the
Cherokee ConglomerateMendozite, Tamarugite.
MARTINSBURG, on the Robert Bailey farm, 4.5 mi. S and 14 mi. E of Aux Vasse, as
rosettes and scales on joints in the Cheltenham fm. Flint fire clayTorbernite.
CAMDEN COUNTY
AREA, Decaturville crypto-explosive structure, just W of Hwy. 5 on the CamdenLaclede Co. line. The disturbed area  1 mi. dia., contains a small granite pegmatite
accompanied by a tourmaline-mica schist. Small lead-zinc and marcasite-pyrite deposits
occur in the associated limestoneAlbite, Cristobalite, Galena, Glauconite, Limonite,
Marcasite, Microcline, Muscovite, Opal, Plagioclase, Pyrite, Sphalerite,
Tourmaline, Tridymite.
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Missouri
CAPE GIRARDEAU COUNTY
CAPE GIRARDEAU, all Co., area excavations, rd. cuts, gravel operations, etc.
agates, petrified wood.
CARROL COUNTY
AREA, in numerous coal deposit exposuresGypsum crystals, Siderite in
lenticular masses.
CASS COUNTY
PLEASANT HILL, in soil in creek valley Calcite (brown & white assoc. with coal),
Vivianite (as small nodules and crystals).
CHARITON COUNTY
DALTON, extensive area quarriestripoli.
SALISBURY, in numerous exposures of coal measuresGypsum.
CLARK COUNTY
Geode Mine - St. Francisville
Fox City Geode Site
262
ALEXANDRIA, WAYLAND, regional Cr. and river banksSt. Francisville geodes.
FOX CITY: ½ mi. N of the Old Iron Bridge on the NE bluff of the riverlarge Quartz
geodes, pink and black dog tooth Calcite geodes (see map previous page).
KAHOKA:  area shale outcrops along Fox R., abundantgeodes;  in banks of
all tributary streamsgeodes.
ST. FRANCISVILLE:  base of all bluffs along the Fox R.gemmy chert, Quartz
crystal geodes;  in banks of Weaver’s Branch, abundantgeodes (and lined with
brilliant crystals of Aragonite, Barite, pink Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Dolomite, Fluorite,
Goethite, Honessite, Malachite, Marcasite, Millerite ,Pyrite, Pyrolusite, Quartz,
Smithsonite, Siderite and Sphalerite).
COLE COUNTY
EUGENE, HENLEY, HICKORY HILL, regional mines, especially the Boaz, Old
Circle and Eureka minesBarite, Calcite, Cerussite, Chalcopyrite, Dolomite,
Hematite, Galena, Malachite, Pyrite, Quartz, Sphalerite and Smithsonite.
COOPER COUNTY
BLACKWATER, 3 mi. E NE, the Collins mineBarite, Chalcopyrite, Goethite,
Malachite, Smithsonite, and Sphalerite.
CRAWFORD COUNTY
BOURBON:  10 mi. SE, the Bleeding Hill mine (1.4 mi. NW of the Hinch
mine)Copper, Cuprite, Goethite, Pyrite;  the Hinch mine, a filled sink iron mine 10
mi. SECopper, Cuprite, Limonite, Hematite, Malachite, Marcasite;  the Hobo
mine, a filled sink iron mine 5.5 mi. SEAsbolane, Chalcanthite, Chalcopyrite,
Hematite, Malachite, Marcasite, Melanterite, Pyrite..
CUBA, the Iron Ridge mine, a filled sink iron deposit 4.5 mi. NWearthy and
specular Hematite and clean Quartz lining cavities.
LEASBURG,  12 mi. SE, the Christy mine, a fill sink iron mineGoethite,
specular Hematite;  the Mullen mine, a filled sink iron deposit 3 mi. SCuprite,
Goethite, Malachite, Pyrite.
SAINT JAMES, the Powell prospect, a filled sink iron deposit 8 mi. SE (or 1 mi. SE
of the Meramec Iron Furnace)Brochantite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Hematite,
Malachite (in calcite), Pyrite, and Quartz cavity linings.
SCOTIA, area mines, Scotia #1, 1.5 mi. NEAzurite, Goethite, Hematite,
Malachite, Pyrite and Quartz.
STEELVILLE:  area mines, and  E, along Hwy. 8 to Huzzah Wildlife Area, on
mine dumpsAllophane, Amethysts, Azurite, Cacoxenite, Copiapite, Dolomite,
Dufrenite (on Hematite), Galena, Goethite, Hematite, Malachite, Marcasite, Quartz
crystals, Pyrite, Rutile, Sphalerite, Szomolnokite.
SULLIVAN, in a filled sink iron mine, the Copper Hill mine, 3.5 mi. SEAzurite,
Barite, (as grayish or bluish crystals) Chalcopyrite, (in balls up to 15 cm.), Gypsum,
Hematite, Malachite, Marcasite, Pyrite and Quartz.
WESCO, the Crooked Creek crypto-explosive structure, 2 mi. SE, a circular are of
disturbance  3 mi. dia. The Metcalf and Jonas minesBarite, Galena, Marcasite,
Pyrite, Sphalerite.
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Missouri
DADE COUNTY
DADEVILLE, an outlying deposit related to the Tri-State district SW of
DadesvilleGalena, Hemimorphite, Smithsonite, Sphalerite.
GREENFIELD, all Co. area excavations, quarries, cut banks, gravel pitsagate,
chert, petrified wood.
DAVIES COUNTY
GALLATIN, all regional gravels along the Grand R.fossils, agate, chalcedony,
jasper, petrified wood, etc.
DEKALB COUNTY
Cameron, NW in the Grindstone Cr. Area in coal measuresCalcite (white and
brown crystals).
DENT COUNTY
SALEM:
 the Hawkins mine, an oxidized filled sink iron deposit 8 mi.
NGoethite, Hematite;  Simmons Mountain, a filled sink deposit just SWHematite,
drusy Quartz crystals.
FRANKLIN COUNTY
GERALD, a fire clay pit 2 mi. SEBarite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Goethite,
Metatorbernite (as thin plates on joint surfaces in the fire clay).
LESLIE, area mines, the Leslie mine, 2,5 mi. SWAnkerite, Calcite,
Chalcanthite, Goethite, Hematite, Marcasite, Pyrite, Quartz (colorless & Amethyst).
MORRELTON, ST. CLAIR, area minesBarite.
SAINT CLAIR:  the Franklin Co. Lead Dist., several small area mines, the Cove,
Darby’s, Evans, Golconda, Mount Hope, Short Lode, VirginiaAnglesite, (as fine crystals
on Galena), Barite (some blue), Calcite, Cerussite, Galena, Minium, Pyrite,
Smithsonite, Sphalerite;  the Duckworth mine, a filled sink iron deposit 2 mi.
WHematite, Malachite, Marcasite, Pyrite;  St. Clair mine, a filled sink iron mine 2
mi. W, adjacent to Duckworth mineChalcanthite, Copiapite, Hematite, Marcasite,
Melanterite, Pyrite;  the Thurmond mine, 6.5 mi. SW (and  1 mi. W of the
Kelsey)Azurite, Goethite, Malachite.
STANTON:  the Ruepple Iron Mine, 2 mi. NWAmethyst, Copiapite, Goethite,
Hematite, Marcasite, Melanterite, Pyrite, Quartz crystals and Siderite;  the Ruepple
Copper Mine, 1 mi. WAzurite, Barite, Brochantite, Copiapite, native Copper,
Cuprite, Chalcotrichite, Gypsum, Halloysite, specular Hematite, Malachite,
Melanterite, Pisanite, Pyrite and Quartz;  the Kelsey mine (Anaconda, Beulah and
Pickles shafts), an iron filled sink mine 2 mi. NEBarite, Goethite, Marcasite, Pyrite.
SULLIVAN:
 area mines, (a) Copper Hollow mine, 3 mi. NEAzurite,
Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Chalcotrichite, native Copper, Cuprite, Hematite,
Malachite, Pyrite; (b) the Silver Hollow mine, 4.5 mi. EHematite, Malachite, Quartz;
 especially Pea Ridge Iron Ore Mine, in several ore zonesMost common Actinolite,
Apatite, Bornite, Chalcopyrite, Chlorite, Hematite, Magnetite, Monzonite, Pyrite,
Quartz; Less common massive Barite, Biotite, Calcite, Epidote, Fluorite, Muscovite,
Orthoclase, Sanidine, Xenotime; and Rare Anhydrite, Bastnaesite, Britholite,
Grunerite, Lanthanite, Rutile, Talc, Tourmaline.
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GASCONADE COUNTY
OWENSVILLE, W and H 8 mi., scattered over area hillsides and in an abandoned
clay pitblue-gray quartzite boulders (containing brachiopods casts).
GENTRY, DAVIES, GRUNDY, LIVINGSTON COUNTIES
AREA, all regional glacial drift gravels, excavations, pits, etc.Lake Superior
agates, jasper, fossils, petrified wood.
GREENE COUNTY
SPRINGFIELD, area old mines E and W of town (Allhamus farm, Ash Grove mines,
Beaver Mine, Pearson Creek mines N & S, Turner Mines)Barite, Calcite, Cerussite,
Dickite, Dolomite, Galena, Hemimorphite, Limonite, Litharge, Marcasite,
Pyrolusite, Pyromorphite, Smithsonite, Sphalerite.
HENRY COUNTY
GILKERSON FORD, in clay iron-ore concretions in coal measuresAlunogen,
Sphalerite, Siderite.
TIGHTWAD, in shale at coal minescubic Pyrite in clusters to 5 cm.
WARSAW, at the Warsaw quarryCalcite, Dolomite, Marcasite, Pyrite.
HICKORY COUNTY
HERMITAGE:  area rd. cuts, banks, excavationschalcedony, gemmy chert; 
the Peterson mine, between Hermitage and PrestonGalena, Sphalerite.
PITTSBURG, the Dist. 2 mi. S, includes Big Ten and Little Bachelor mines
Sphalerite.
HOWELL COUNTY
WEST PLAINS, Laswell mine, near Summit Ave. and Canterbury Ave.Marcasite,
Pyrite, Smithsonite, Sphalerite.
IRON COUNTY
ANNAPOLIS:  the Annapolis mine, 1.4 mi. EGalena;  Annapolis Roofing
Granule Plant, 0.7 mi. S, in rhyolite porphyryFeldspar, Quartz, Piemontite (as
radiating sprays of needles in joints).
BELLVIEW, 5 mi. SWasbestiform Actinolite.
BIXBY, Mines of the new Lead dist.:  Magmont Mine, just S on KK, and  Buick
Mine farther S on KKBornite, Bravoite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Covellite,
Enargite, Galena, Malachite, Marcasite, Millerite, Polydymite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite,
Siegenite, Sphalerite, Tennantite, Vaesite, Wurtzite.
GRANITEVILLE:  Sheahan Quarry, 0.5 mi. W Actinolite, Apatite, Beryl
(common blue), Fluorite, Galena, Hematite, Magnetite, Molybdenite, Orthoclase,
Pyrite, smoky Quartz, Rutile, Topaz, Zircon;  Schnieder’ granite quarry, I mi. NE, in
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Missouri
granite pegmatiteAnglesite, Barite, Chlorite, Fluorite, Hematite, Galena, Gypsum,
Goethite, Melanterite, Pyrite, Saponite.
IRONTON:  Cuthbertson Mt.: (a) regional minesHematite and other Iron
minerals,
Pyrolusite,
Psilomelane;
(b)
small
abandoned
mines
and
prospectsBraunite, Hematite, Psilomelane;  S near Ketcherside Gap and Copper
Garnet prospectChalcopyrite, Copper, Epidote, Andradite Garnet, Malachite; 
Crane Mountain South, along SW face in cliffs in Precambrian trachyte porphyry as vein
fillingsChlorite, Clinozoisite, Epidote, Hematite, Quartz and Sericite.
PILOT KNOB:  surface mine 1 mi. E on top of Pilot Knob Mt.Actinolite,
Barite, Calcite (fluorescent) , Epidote, Feldspar, Fluorite, specular Hematite, Lazulite
(as microscopic crystals in serpentine), Molybdenite, Titanite, Zoisite;  the Pilot Knob
mine, just west of the surface outcrop, at the foot of Pilot Knob Mt. (an underground mine
closed in 1980) Baddeleyite (fluorescent – green), Barite, Calcite (fluorescent - red),
Chalcopyrite, Chondrodite (fluorescent - yellow), Dolomite, Fluorite, Galena,
Goethite, Hematite, Lazulite, Magnetite, Pyrite, Quartz, serpentine, Talc; 
Shephard Mountain, just W Fluorite, crystals, Hematite, Magnetite, Quartz in
cavities.
VIBURNUM, Mines of the New Lead dist. (St. Joe No. 27, No. 28, No. 29), off of Hwy.
49Bornite, Bravoite, Calcite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Covellite, Enargite, ferroan
Dolomite, Galena, Malachite, Marcasite, Pyrite, Siegenite, Sphalerite.
JACKSON COUNTY
KANSAS CITY AREA:  McClain quarry, at 63rd St. and Hwy. 350 in the
Westerville Ls.;  in numerous exposures, especially in the SW part of the county and in
underground quarriesAragonite, Barite (tan tabular), Calcite, Dolomite,
Kutnahorite, Marcasite, Opal (common), Sphalerite, Thenardite.
JASPER COUNTY
JOPLIN DISTRICT (Tri-State Dist. MO mining towns of Alba, Carterville, Carthage,
Duenweg, Joplin, Neck, Reeds, Sarcoxie, Thoms Station, Webb City), all great regional
minesAllophane, Aluminite, Anglesite, Apatite, Aragonite, Aurichalcite, Azurite,
Barite, Bornite, Calcite, Caledonite, Cerussite, Chalcanthite, Chalcopyrite,
Chrysocolla, Copiapite, Covellite, Cuprite, Diadochite, Dolomite, Enargite,
Epsomite, Galena, Glauconite, Goslarite garnet, Greenockite, Gypsum, Hematite,
Hemimorphite, Hydrozincite, Jarosite, Lanarkite, Leadhillite (fluorescent), Linarite,
Luzonite, Malachite, Marcasite, Melanterite, Millerite, Picropharmacolite,
Plumbojarosite, Pyrite, Pyrolusite, Pyromorphite, Quartz, Smithsonite (some
fluorescent), Sphalerite , Starkeyite, Sulfur, Szomolnokite, Vivianite, Wavellite,
Wurtzite in underground working; and as fine tabular crystals in the ores and on mine
dumpsAnglesite, Calamine, Calcite (museum type crystals), Cerussite, Greenockite,
Marcasite, Pyrite. Some dumps also have Barite, Chalcopyrite, Dolomite crystals
(some fluorescent) and Galena.
JEFFERSON COUNTY
AREA, jct. of Hwys. 21 and 141, in rd. cuts and along highway, in upper part of gray
shaleCalcite nodules, some Sphalerite.
ARNOLD, 1 mi. S on Richardson Rd., on W side of I-55, in geodesCalcite,
Dolomite, Marcasite, Pyrite, Sphalerite.
266
BLACKWELL, the Southwest Jefferson Co. Barite & Lead Dist., 2 mi. SBarite,
Galena, Goethite, Pyrite, Quartz.
DE SOTO, 4 mi. S of Rte. 110 on Rte. 67Calcite (multicolored fluorescent).
FRUMET, the Mammoth-Frumet minesBarite, Calcite (green), Chalcopyrite,
Dolomite, Galena, Gypsum, Pyrite, Sphalerite.
PALMER, Palmer mines, E of townAnglesite, Calcite, Cerussite, Dolomite,
Galena, Goethite, Hemimorphite, Plumbogummite, Pyrite, Quartz, Sphalerite.
VALLES MINES, area Zinc minesAnglesite, Barite, Calcite, Cerussite (as fine
crystals in Galena), Galena, Hemimorphite, Hydrozincite, Pyrite, drusy Quartz,
Smithsonite.
JOHNSON COUNTY
HOLDEN:  associated with a gray clay in a coal seamnative Iron;  along
Walnut Cr. in ironstone concretions of shale overlying coalSphalerite.
Knob Noster, (a) in coal measures shale, and (b) again, 6 mi. NGypsum, Pyrite,
Siderite.
KNOX COUNTY
NEWARK, Kelly Lime-Rock quarry, 1 mi. SW in Burlington Ls.Calcite,
Chalcopyrite, Goethite, Malachite, Pyrite, Quartz.
LAFAYETTE COUNTY
LEXINGTON, area coal mines and in joints in limestoneAragonite crystals,
Gypsum, Pyrite, Sphalerite.
LAWRENCE COUNTY
AURORA, Aurora Mining Dist. area deposits and mines (Red Wasp, Arrow)
Calamine, Calcite, Galena, Hemimorphite, Marcasite, Pyrite, Smithsonite,
Sphalerite.
STOTTS CITY, just W, a small district very similar to Granby depositsGalena,
Hemimorphite.
LEWIS COUNTY
DURHAM, 3 mi. E, in geodes in Keokuk Shale. along North Fabius R. and nearby
streamsAragonite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Honessite, Malachite, Millerite, Pyrite,
Quartz, Sphalerite, Szomolnokite.
LA BELLE, NE 1.5 mi., the Evans Coal mineChalcopyrite, Gypsum, Pyrite,
Sphalerite.
LA GRANGE:  N and S, in all regional gravel deposits along the Mississippi R. (a
favorite collecting area) and local gravel pitsgem agate, chalcedony, jasper;  in
roadcut 1 mi. N on Route C, exit onto Hwy. 61, vugs similar to Keokuk geodes, nearly
without shellsAragonite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Dolomite, Galena, Malachite,
Quartz, Sphalerite, Smithsonite;  La Grange quarry, at the S edge of townCalcite,
Fluorite (purple cubes), Pyrite.
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Missouri
LINCLON COUNTY
OLD MONROE, area glacial sand and gravel operationsLake Superior agates,
Garnets, Staurolites
TROY:  just S on Hwy. 61, the Magruder QuarryCalcite, Marcasite, Pyrite; 
Watson quarry, N of townCalcite, Chalcopyrite, Malachite, Millerite, Pyrite, Quartz,
Sphalerite.
MACON COUNTY
BEVIER, the Bee-Vee mine, SE and other area coal depositsCopiapite, Gypsum,
Halotrichite, Melanterite, Quartz and Pyrite.
MADISON COUNTY
FREDERICKTOWN:  area mines, Mine Lamotte, Park City, Consolidated Mines,
Frederick Lead, Catherine, Madison, Ozark Lead, Hickory Nut and others within 5 mi. of
townAnglesite, Annabergite, Aragonite, Asbolane, Azurite, Bieberite, Brochantite,
Calcite, Carrollite, Cerussite, Chalcanthite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Copiapite,
Dickite, Dolomite, Galena, Glauconite, Greigite, Malachite, Marcasite, Millerite,
Pyrite, Quartz, Siegenite, Smithsonite, Sphalerite, Skutterudite, Tetrahedrite; 
the Silver Mines Dist., 1 mi. W on the St. François R., the Einstein, Apex, Gabriel, Henson,
Ozark, Martin and Killian prospectAlamandine, Antimonpearceite, Apatite,
Arsenopyrite, Augite, Berryite, Cassiterite, Chalcopyrite, Chlorite, Covellite,
Epidote, Ferritungstite, Fluorite, Galena, Gorceixite, Hausmannite, Hematite,
Huebnerite, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Malachite, Marcasite, Muscovite, Psilomelane,
Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, Quartz, Rutile, Scheelite, serpentine, Sphalerite, Stibnite,
Stolzite, Tennantite, Topaz, Wolframite, Zinnwaldite;  S of Rte. 72, on dumps of the
Einstein Silver Mineargentiferous Galena, Arsenopyrite, Cassiterite, Covellite,
Fluorapatite, Fluorite, Pyrite, Quartz crystals, Sphalerite., Scheelite, Topaz,
Wolframite, Zinnwaldite.
FRENCH MILLS, 4.5 mi. E on N side of Rock Pile Mountain, in diabase on the
Captain Cr.Actinolite, Epidote (in seams and loose in soil).
MARQUAND, the Starkey mine, 3 mi. NGoethite, Marcasite, Pyrite,
Starkeyite (as a white efflorescent on decomposing pyrite on the dump).
MINE LA MOTTE, area lead mines (numerous) Bravoite, Calcite,
Chalcopyrite, Galena, Malachite (encrustations), Pyrite, Siegenite, Sphalerite.
ZION, all regional cut banks, excavations, etc., in the hill country extending E into
Bollinger Co. and on surfacesjasper.
MARIES COUNTY
VIENNA, 4 mi. NE, a filled sink iron depositChalcopyrite, Hematite,
Marcasite, Pyrite.
McDONALD COUNTY
POWELL, area of Bee Bluff along the Elk R.gemmy blue chert (containing pockets
of drusy quartz crystals).
268
MILLER COUNTY
BAGNELL,
ELDON,
ETTERVILLE,
regional
minesBarite,
Calcite,
Chalcopyrite, Cerussite, Dolomite, Galena, Gypsum, Malachite, Marcasite, Pyrite,
Smithsonite, Sphalerite.
CAPPS, the Sample mine, a filled sink iron mine 3 mi. SAzurite, Goethite,
Malachite, Marcasite, Pyrite.
IBERIA:  The Abbot Bank mine, 3 mi. NEMalachite in drusy cavities;  Bolin
Creek mine, a filled sink iron mine on S side of Bolin Cr. and 3.5 mi. NE of townCalcite,
Hematite, Pyrite, Quartz;  the Pioneer No. 2 mine, 6 mi. NEBarite, Calcite, Galena,
Hematite, Quartz.
MONITEAU COUNTY
CALIFORNIA, countrywide gravel pitsBarite crystals, Chalcopyrite, Galena.
MONROE COUNTY
PARIS, along N side of Hwy. 154, 5 mi. E, in a roadcutCopiapite, Gypsum,
Halotrichite, Marcasite.
MONTGOMERY COUNTY
DANVILLE, McClain quarry, S of I-70 at the Danville ExitCalcite, Dolomite,
Millerite, Pyrite.
MORGAN COUNTY
FLORENCE:  the Bluff Springs Zinc mine, 6 mi. ECalcite, Sphalerite;  the
Carver mine, 4 mi. SBarite, Galena, Sphalerite, Pyrite.
GRAVOIS MILLS:  The Buckshot Barite mine, 4 mi. NWBarite (as colorless
crystal), Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Galena (on Barite), Malachite;  the Charles Hibdon
mines, 2 mi. SWclear to milky Barite;  the Drybone mine, 3 mi. SWBarite, Goethite,
Marcasite, Pyrite;  the Hoard mine, 5 mi. NWBarite (as clear crystals), Galena,
Goethite, Malachite;  the Lamb mine, 2 mi. SWBarite (as clear crystals), Calcite,
Galena;  the Newell mine, 3 mi. NWBarite crystals;  the Proctor Creek
minesBarite (as clear to milky crystals with bluish interior and white tips that may
represent partial replacement by Mascagnite), Calcite;  the Reavis (Hubbard) mine, 2 mi.
NWBarite, Galena.
STOVER, area, in small depositsblue Barite crystals.
VERSAILLES:  countrywide gravel pitsBarite crystals;  Whorten mines and
area old prospectsBarite, Galena, Sphalerite.
NEWTON COUNTY
BOULDER CITY, 1 mi. SE along Indian Cr.drusy and smoky Quartz crystals.
GRANBY (8 mi. NE of Neosho):  area minesAnglesite, Aurichalcite, Calcite,
Cerussite, chert, Covellite, Dolomite crystals, Calamine, Enargite, Galena, Goslarite
garnet, Greenockite, Hematite, Hemimorphite (as the principal ore), Hydrozincite,
Leadhillite, Malachite, Marcasite, Mimetite, Pyrite, Pyrolusite, Pyromorphite,
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Missouri
Quartz crystals, Siderite, Smithsonite (as a principal ore, some fluorescent), Sphalerite;
 the Beer Cellar Mine, in cavities in Galenaalso Leadhillite (fluorescent).
RACINE, SENECA, extensive area quarriestripoli.
WENTWORTH, area mine dumpsLead-Zinc minerals, Pyrite, Sphalerite.
NODAWAY COUNTY
AREA, along the Dog Creek in Calcite veins in limestoneCalcite and Sphalerite
enclosed in Calcite.
OSAGE COUNTY
AREA, in diaspore clay depositsDiaspore, Gibbsite, native Copper.
META, in a filled sink iron deposit 1 mi. SWCalcite, Hematite, Quartz
(Amethyst and colorless), Sphalerite.
OZARK COUNTY
ELIJAH, the Alice Zinc mine, 5 mi. N of Bakersfield and 2 mi. SE of
ElijahDolomite, Greenockite, Pyrite, Quartz, Smithsonite, Sphalerite.
GAINESVILLE, N on Rte. 5 to Timbered Knob, areagemmy chert (white with
yellow bands).
PERRY COUNTY
HIGDON, Higdon mine, at the Madison-Perry Co. line, 1.5 mi. NE, a partially
developed outlying deposit of the Old Lead Belt (a Doe Run mine)Chalcopyrite,
Dolomite, Galena, Siegenite, Sphalerite.
PETTIS COUNTY
SEDALIA, Lafarge Pettis Quarry on Hwy. 50 just W. of towngood sized Pyrite
crystals in the Chouteau formation.
SMITHTON, between Smithton and SedaliaBarite (blue crystals banded with
white Mascagnite).
PHELPS COUNTY
NEWBURG, in bluffs S of TownCalcite crystals.
ROLLA: the Buckland mine, a filled sink iron mine 4 mi. SWAmethyst,
Ankerite, Calcite, Chalcanthite, Copiapite, Dolomite, Marcasite, Pyrite.
SAINT JAMES:  the Crisp mine, a filled sink iron mine 2 mi. SEAzurite,
Hematite, Limonite, Malachite;  the DeCamp mine, a filled sink iron mine 8 mi.
SAzurite, Hematite, Limonite, Malachite, Marcasite, Quartz;  the Flat Rock mine,
a filled sink iron mine 3.5 mi. SAzurite, Hematite, Malachite, Pyrite;  the Meramec
mine, a filled sink iron mine 7 mi. SE and 0.5 mi. W of the Meramec Iron
FurnaceHematite, Quartz, Siderite;  the Stimson mine, a filled sink iron mine 9 mi.
SEHematite, Malachite.
VIDA, W to the Moselle Iron Mines (No. 9 & 10), or 9 mi. SW of RollaAmethyst,
Arsenopyrite, Azurite, Chalcanthite, Chalcopyrite, Halloysite, Hematite, Malachite,
Marcasite, Melanterite, Pyrite, Smoky Quartz.
270
PLATTE COUNTY
PLATTE CITY, in several limestone quarriesBarite, Calcite.
PUTNAM COUNTY
AREA, coal measures shale in coal mines and exposures throughout the Co.Pyrite,
Gypsum crystals.
RALLS COUNTY
HANNIBAL, Atlas cement quarry, S of townMarcasite, Pyrite.
NEW LONDON, N on US 61, in rd. cut near the Salt R. bridgesilicified
conodonts.
SAVERTON, along Hwy. 79  1 mi. N of Saverton turnoffPyrite.
RANDOLPH COUNTY
AREA, coal deposits in the W half of the Co.Copiapite, Gypsum, Halotrichite,
Melanterite, Pyrite, Quartz.
DARKSVILLE, in the Excello shale 2 mi. N in a roadcut, E of Rte. CGypsum.
RAY COUNTY
STANWYCK, in limestones and shales associated with coal depositsBarite
crystals.
RENOLDS COUNTY
AREA, mines of the new Lead dist.:  S on KK from Bixby, Iron Co. Brushy Creek
Mine and farther S Fletcher Mine;  from jct. of Hwy. 72 and B, S on B, Sweetwater Mine
(see p. 222)Bornite, Bravoite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Covellite, Enargite,
Galena, Malachite, Marcasite, Millerite, Polydymite, Pyrite, Siegenite, Sphalerite,
Wurtzite.
RIPLEY COUNTY
DONIPHAN:  E along US 160 toward Butler Co. line, area farms, hillsides,
etc.gemmy flint;  along banks and in gravels of the Current R., sometimes to giant size,
gemmychert nodules.
SHANNON COUNTY
EMINENCE:  the nearby Casey (2 mi. N near Hwy. 19), Slater (2 mi. E), Sutton (5
mi. SE), Tyrell and Jerktail (6 mi. NW) minesCalcite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite,
Cuprite, Dolomite, Malachite;  SE, the Elliot (9 mi. SE), Thorny Mt. mines (9 mi.
SE)Braunite, Fluorite, Psilomelane, Pyrolusite, Tremolite.
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Missouri
ST. CHARLES COUNTY
DEFIANCE, N to jct. of Hwy. 94 and Rte. DD, the Defiance Quarry, in limestone
Calcite (yellow, white), Goethite, cupriferous Marcasite, Pyrite, some Sphalerite,
fossils.
ST. CHARLES, on South River rd., the St. Charles Quarry, in limestoneCalcite
(white, green), large chert nodules, pink Dolomite, Fluorite, large plant fossils.
ST. CLAIR COUNTY
VISTA, the Crystal (Harmon) deposit, 0.5 mi. W, in veins and fractures in
sandstoneBarite (colorless crystals).
ST. FRANCOIS COUNTY
AREA, many large deposits and pits throughout Co.crested Barite.
BONNE TERRE, Northwest County Barite Dist., NW of townBarite, Goethite,
Pyrite, Quartz.
BONNE TERRE, FLAT RIVER, DELOGE, area mines, the St. Joe No. 1 -9( Doe Run)
Flat River, Des Loge, Esther, Elvins and West Elvins (River mines) Federal mines,
Leadington, and National Bravoite, Barite, Calcite, Cerussite, Chalcopyrite, Galena,
Malachite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, Siegenite, Sphalerite, Smithsonite.
FARMINGTON, Knob Lick, in alteration zones of graniteActinolite, Epidote.
IRON MT., area mines and pitsActinolite, yellow Andradite garnet, Apatite,
Barite, Bornite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Chlorite, Diopside, pink Dolomite, Epidote,
Fluorite, Galena, Garnet, Hematite, Magnetite, Pyrite, Quartz.
LEADWOOD:  the Leadwood Dist., within 2 to 3 mi. around town, St. Joe mines
No. 11, 12, & 14, Des Loge mines No. 5 & 6, Doe Run No. 8, the Baker shaftDolomite,
Galena, Sphalerite;  on bypass Hwy. 8 just WChalcopyrite, Dolomite, Galena,
Millerite, Sphalerite.
MINERAL CITY, the Greasy mine, 4 mi. S in graniteHematite.
ST. LOUIS COUNTY
AREA:  jct. of Hwys. 141 and I-44, on SE side in bluff behind McDonalds and Taco
BellCalcite crystals, Millerite, Quartz;  jct. of Hwys. 141 and 30, in pockets in rd.
cutsBarite, Calcite, Goethite, Pyrite, Quartz;  N, at Hwy. 67 near the Missouri R., in
the St. Genevieve formationPyrite crystals and Goethite replacements,  South county:
(a) in the old Alpha Portland Quarry on Green Park rd. just north of I-55; and (b) Weber
South quarrygeodes containing Calcite, Fluorite and Millerite, (c) area roadcuts,
washesUnion Road agates, (d) Antire quarry off I-44 on Antire rd.Calcite, Honessite,
Linnaeite, Millerite, Pecoraite, Violarite, Quartz.
CHESTERFIELD, in river gravels at area sand and gravel operationssome
Garnets, Staurolites.
FLORISSANT:  off New Halls Ferry rd., in the Coldwater Cr., banksVivianite
replacing fossils in glacial deposits;  Quarries at Hwy. 67 on the riverCalcite,
Celestite.
LEMAY, Ruprecht quarry, on Mt. OliveBarite, Calcite, chalcedony, Dolomite,
Fluorite, Millerite, Pyrite, Sphalerite.
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STE. GENEVIEVE COUNTY
AVON:  Avon mines, about 0.5 mi. NEBarite, Calcite, Galena, Goethite; 
the Avon diatreme (and other area diatremes), about 80 ultramafic diatreme within a 75 sq.
mi. area in the SW part of the Co., type location is on Hwy. 32, 1.2 mi. E of Rte.
AAApatite, Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Chlorite, Chromite, Epidote,
Galena, Garnet, Hornblende, Magnetite, Marcasite, Melilite, Olivine, Perovskite,
Phlogopite, Pyrite, smoky Quartz, Siderite, Sphalerite, Xonotlite.
CORNWALL, area minesAzurite, Bornite, Calcite, Chalcocite, Cuprite,
Malachite.
MILLER:  the Dobschuetz deposit (1.5 mi. SE), and  the Pratte deposit 1 mi. E
of the DobschuetzOrthoclase.
STE. GENEVIEVE, area Cornwall copper minesBornite, Calcite, Cerussite,
Chalcanthite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Chrysocolla, Cuprite (as red massive tile ore),
Dolomite, Enargite, Fluorite, Galena, Goethite, Gypsum, Malachite, Marcasite,
Quartz, Pyrite, Smithsonite, Sphalerite, Tenorite.
STODDARD & DUNKLIN COUNTIES
DEXTER, S along both sides of Rte. 25 to Malden in Dunklin Co., and in all regional
gravel pits and stream bedschert, fortification agate (blue, gray, pink, white).
SULLIVAN COUNTY
MILAN, in limestoneBarite crystals.
TEXAS COUNTY
HOUSTON, the Murphy barite mine, W of townBarite crystals (white, blue),
Calcite, Limonite.
WASHINGTON COUNTY
COUTOIS, the Palmer mines, also to the E and NWAnglesite, Barite, Calcite,
Cerussite, Dolomite, Galena, Hemimorphite, Pyrite, Quartz and Sphalerite.
OLD MINES (village 7 mi. N of Potosi on Rte. 21), area mine dumpsBarite,
Calcite, Galena, Goethite, Malachite, Marcasite, Pyrite, chert and drusy Quartz
crystals.
POTOSI, the Potosi Barite dist., area deposits, pits, minesagate, Barite crystals
(there are numerous old Barite mines around such unmapped centers as Barytes, Cadet,
Fertile, etc. in this Co.), Cerussite, Galena, Goethite, Pyrite, Quartz, Smithsonite,
Sphalerite.
RICHWOODS, area old minesBarite, Galena, Goethite, drusy Quartz.
WAYNE COUNTY
AREA, at Granite Knobabundant Pyrite (in granite), Copiapite, Hyalite opal,
Voltaite.
PIEDMONT, at Iron Knob, 4.7 mi. NEHematite.
SHOOK, the Shook Stone quarry (SE of Greenville) Calcite, Dolomite,
Limonite, Quartz.
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Missouri
WRIGHT COUNTY
AREA, the Mansfield (Lead Hill) Dist., half way between Mansfield and
NorwoodGalena, Hemimorphite, Smithsonite, Sphalerite.
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MONTANA
Montana was named from its mountains. Dominated by the complex Rocky Mt.
system that originated with the Laramide revolution to close the Mesozoic era and initiate
the Cenozoic, western and southwestern Montana carries the Continental Divide on the
rugged granite shoulders of the Bitterroot Range that is the state’s western boundary. Every
few years, earthquakes smashing across the mountain regions remind us that the mountainbuilding forces are still dramatically active.
Early prospectors, who followed trails pioneered by Lewis and Clark in 1805 and the
fur voyageurs of subsequent decades, came as losers from the California gold fields, They
discovered enormous new sources of mineral wealth in Gold, Silver, Lead, Copper,
Manganese, and Zinc, causing Montana to become known primarily as a mining state.
Montana also has another kind of mineral wealth in Montana moss agate and Sapphires,
contributed to the state’s high placement in every gem and mineral collector’s places to visit
list.
Montana is seventh in the list of America’s gold producing states. Many placers were
discovered in Powell, and Beaverhead counties. Many other rich placers were also found in
Alder Gulch where Virginia City (1864) now slumbers as the county seat of Madison Co.
Such placers, which produced nearly half of the state’s total gold, were most active prior to
1870 but continued pouring out the yellow metal until W.W.II. Today, panning for gold is a
major summer hobby.
Inauspicious showings of colors in an iron gossan covering a major butte in Silver
Bow Co. in 1864 created a modest Gold and Silver camp known as Butte. But when the
underlying Copper ores were penetrated in 1880, Butte erupted into the greatest Copper
center on earth, adding more than $2 Billion to the states economy. The Copper brought the
railroads to Montana and greatly aided the settlement of the state.
Although for nearly a century Montana made exciting economic and political news
with its metal mines, late comers began making Montana world famous for Montana moss
Agate. This gray chalcedony nodules shaped like Idaho potatoes occur in the gravel bars and
adjoining benches along the Yellowstone R. for some 250 mi. eastward from Billings to Miles
City, with numerous side streams out of Wyoming contributing a minor supply. This
extraordinary gemstone consists of unusually translucent chalcedony laced with
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Montana
Manganese Dioxide against a background often of brilliant red carnelian. When sliced, the
nodules reveal delicate landscape scenes of mountains, forests, trees, bushes, ferns, lakes,
clouds, and figures.
Two other highly desired gems, purple Amethyst and cornflower blue Sapphires,
are notable from Montana. The Gold mines of Jefferson Co., E of Butte, produce high quality
Amethyst as a by-product, along with lovely water clear Quartz. The Sapphires come
mostly from the stream gravels of Lewis and Clark Co., out of Helena, although other
western counties also produce the blue gem Corundum.
BEAVERHEAD COUNTY
ARGENTA: , area minesLead-Silver minerals;  NE ½ mi., mine
Pyrophyllite.
ARMSTEAD, SW, the Anderson depositChrysotile asbestos.
BANNACK, area placer mineGold.
DILLON:  area NW: (a) Frying Pan Basin, and (b) Camp Cr., regional gravel
surfaces, etc.Corundum, opalized and silicified wood;  NW 27 mi., the Rothschild
MineVanadinite;  SE 11 mi., on Axes Cr., an exceptionally pure depositTalc: (a) 2
mi. S of Axes Cr., the Timber Gulch Deposit, and (b) 8 mi. NE of Axes Cr., the Keystone
MineTalc;  E 14 mi., in Sec. 3 & 4, T. 7 S, R. 6 W, area outcropsDumortierite;  18
mi. SW in Sweatwater Cr. on Rebish ranchstar Corundum;  E 13 mi. at Christenson
ranchSillimanite.
GLEN, NW 6 mi., at Brown’s Lake, abundant mine oresScheelite.
HECIA (Bryant), area placers and lode depositsGold, Lead, Silver.
POLARIS, S toward Bannack, in gravels of Grasshopper Cr., rareDiamond.
BIG HORN COUNTY
HARDIN, SW about 50 mi. via dirt rds. to Dryhead (cattle ranch above the Big Horn
Canyon on slopes of the Pryor Mts.), a considerable area of exposures of the Jurassic
Chugwater Red Beds (sandstone):  many regional prospectsUranium minerals;  all
area surfaces, especially along the canyon rimagate, chalcedony, jasper, sandstone
concretions, silicified coral, fossils.
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BROADWATER COUNTY
AREA (old ghost mining camps):  Confederate Gulch, placer and lode mines
Gold;  Park (Hassel, Indian Cr.), area minesGold;  White Creek, area mines
Copper minerals.
RADERSBURG:
 area mines Gold (veins in andesite flow), Silver (in
sediments);  the Keating MineGold, Silver, Tetradymite.
WINSTON (Beaver Creek), area minesLead, Silver, Zinc.
CARBON COUNTY
FROMBERG, W 1 mi., coal minecoal, Pyrite.
RED LODGE, two area mined deposits, podiformChromite.
WARREN, N and E in the Pryor Mts. toward Big Horn Canyon, very many scattered
prospects, claims, and minesUranium minerals, fossils, Quartz family gemstones.
CARTER COUNTY
ALZADA, area of the Black hills, 9 good depositsBentonite.
CASCADE COUNTY
AREA, Narrow Gauge Gulch, a minePyromorphite.
MONARCH, area pegmatite outcropsBeryl.
NEIHART:  area dist. minesGalena, Polybasite, native Silver, Sphalerite;
 Big Bend depositMolybdenite;  the Hartley Mine, gemmygreen Sphalerite; 
area S in Little Belt Mts., placers and lode veins in gneiss and dioriteGold, Silver.
VAUGHN, area surfacesblack silicified wood, Teredo wood (filled with
chalcedony).
CHOUTEAU COUNTY
WARRICK, area of the Bearpaw Mts., the Black Diamond prospectApatite,
Augite, Magnetite.
CUSTER COUNTY
MILES CITY, Montana moss agate are found all the way from the Big Horn R.
upstream on the Yellowstone R . to beyond Sidney near the ND line.:  S of Pompey’s Pillar
on I-94, where there are gravel banks;  and farther E on I-94 at Hysham, where site is S
on Sarpy rd. in the hillsmoss agate.
DAWSON COUNTY
GLENDIVE, all regional surfaces, draws, washes, etc.agate, jasper, moss opal.
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Montana
DEER LODGE COUNTY
ANACONDA, area:  French Cr., placersGold;  Rable MineArgentite,
Arsenopyrite, Azurite, Bornite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, (with Gold), Chrysocolla,
Hematite, Marcasite, Pyrrhotite;  N 3 mi. at falls of Lost cr., in pegmatite
Amazonite;  2 mi. E of French Gulch signpetrified wood.
CHAMPION, E 5 mi., in gravelsGold, Sapphires.
GEORGETOWN:  area placersGold;  Cable MineGold, Chrysocolla; 
Southern Cross MineGold.
FERGUS COUNTY
GILT EDGE, MAIDEN:  area placer minesGold;  area lode mines, veins as
replacements in limestoneGold;  in the Judith Mts., the Spotted Horse MineGold
Telluride.
NORTH MOCCASIN (Kendall), area mines, ore mostly in bituminous and
argillaceous sediments near top of Madison limestoneGold.
GALLATIN COUNTY
BOZEMAN, area:  Salesville, and headwaters of Elk Cr.emery, Corundum; 
Horseshoe Hills, areadendritic shale, Trilobites;  S, on summit of Mt. Blackmore, Elev.
10,196’agate, chalcedony, Hyalite opal, Opal, petrified wood.
MANHATTAN, NW 5 mi.onyx.
GLACIER COUNTY
BLACKFOOT, Nelson Hill area, rareDiamond.
GRANITE COUNTY
PHILLIPSBURG:
 SW 2½ mi., the Granite Mine, as important ore
mineralCerargyrite (this important mining dist. contains numerous mines, on the dumps
of which are found Chrysocolla and Rhodochrosite in addition to various metallic ore
minerals);  First Chance (Garnet) Mine, veins in granodioritePyritic Gold-Copper
minerals;  Granite-Bimetallic MineArgentite, Arsenopyrite, Azurite, Bornite,
Chrysocolla, Malachite, Tennantite;  Boulder Cr., area mines, veins in granite,
especially the Royal Mine as chief producerGold, Silver;  Flint Cr., area mines,
replacements in limestoneGold, Manganese, Silver;  Henderson Cr., lode mines
Gold, Scheelite;  W several mi., Rock Cr., area gravels, particularly in Anaconda and
Sapphire gulches and along all tributary drawsQuartz crystals, Sapphires;  from jct.
of Hwy. 26A and Hwy. 28, right 17 mi. on Hwy. 28 to Chaussee Sapphire mine (fee)
Sapphire; Black Pine MinePyromorphite, Scheelite, Stolzite (all fluorescent).
HILL COUNTY
ROCK BOY, Bearpaw Mts., in exposures of carbonate rocksColumbite.
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JEFFERSON COUNTY
BASIN, the Boulder Basin Dist.:  regional placer and lode mines along (a) Basin,
Cataract, and Lowland creeks, and (b) the upper Boulder R.Silver, Gold (as by-product);
 N 7 mi., on Jack Cr. in Sec. 7, T. 7 N, R. 6 WDumortierite;  Mill Canyon, pegmatite
outcropsTourmaline.
CORBIN, area minesArsenopyrite, Cerussite.
ELKHORN (Dist.):  area contact metamorphic depositsauriferous Silver-Lead
replacements, Gold sulfides, Arsenopyrite, Cerussite;  Elkhorn Peak, area mines
Hematite, Magnetite.
PIPESTONE:  N to I-90 then W 7 mi. (to milepost 19 out of Butte), turn N for 5 mi.
to (a) Homestake mining dist., area mine dumps; (b) W side of Rider Cr.Amethyst,
Quartz crystals;  the Pohndorf Amethyst Mine (2 mi. NE of Toll Mt. picnic grounds and 2
mi. N of US 10) Amethyst, Feldspar, Muscovite, Smoky Quartz crystals, Schorl.
WHITEHALL (Cardwell):  area mines in Quartz veinsGalena, Gold, Pyrite,
Sphalerite;  18 mi. NW in Hay Canyon at the Gem Queen claimSphene, Smoky
Quartz.
WICKES, CLANCY, COLORADO (including Warm Springs and Clancy creeks and
Lump Gulch):  area placers and minesArsenopyrite, Cerussite, Gold; the Wilson
MineMeta-uranocircite, Meta-zeunerite (fluorescent).
JUDITH BASIN COUNTY
UTICA, SW 15 mi., in Yogo Gulch (at foot of Little Belt Mts.), occurring in area
igneous dikes intruded into limestone outcroppings on hills above the gulchGold, Ruby,
Sapphire.
LEWIS and CLARK COUNTY
CANYON FERRY DAM, at Magpie Gulch, 1 mi. above Missouri R.green
Sapphire.
GARDINER, area minesArsenopyrite (with Gold).
HELENA (Last Chance Mining Dist.):  area mines along the N contact of the
Boulder batholithGold;  Golden Messenger Mine (on W side of Big Belt Mts.), operated
until 1942Gold;  McClellan Cr., area placersGold;  Missouri R. - York (Trout Cr.)
Dist., area Quartz mines, in replacementsGold;  Sevenmile-Scratchgravel Dist., early
placers with some renewed activity in the 1930’s, panning for colors a seasonal
hobbyGold;  Stemple (Gould) - Virginia Cr. Dist., area mines with veins in sediments
Gold;  American Bar (long noted occurrence of gem Sapphire) Cassiterite,
chalcedony, Garnet, Gold, Kyanite, Limonite, Sapphires, Topaz;  N and SE, all
gravel bars along Missouri R.Cassiterite, chalcedony, Garnet, Gold, Kyanite,
Limonite, Sapphires, Topaz;  Prickly pear Cr. in lower end of magpie Gulch: (a)
Emerald BarCassiterite, chalcedony, Garnet, Gold, Kyanite, Limonite, Sapphires,
Topaz; (b) the Metropolitan Bar, and (c) Spokane BarGold, Sapphires; bl NE 12 mi., the
Eldorado Bar: (a) area gravels; (b) SE 6 mi., at French BarCassiterite, chalcedony,
Garnet, Gold, Kyanite, Limonite, Sapphires, Topaz; bm very many other gravel bars,
benchlands, and tributary draws and streamsCassiterite, chalcedony, Garnet, Gold,
Kyanite, Limonite, Sapphires, Topaz.
LINCOLN, area placers and some lode minesGold.
MARYSVILLE (Ottowa) - Silver Cr. (includes Bald Butte S of the main part of the
dist., the Drumlummom Mine as main producers) Gold, Silver.
RIMINI-TENMILE Dist., area minesLead, Silver, Zinc.
279
Montana
LINCOLN COUNTY
LIBBY (Snowshoe):  SW 4 mi., the Rainy Cr. Dist., mines in Quartz veins
associated with Iron and Copper sulfidesAegirite, Tremolite, asbestos, Vermiculite; 
S 20 mi., a small area containing mines and prospects in veinsGold;  SE 35 mi., mines
in massive vein cutting Belt argillitesBarite. (All mines and prospects around Libby yield
Gold, Lead and Silver also).
SYLVANITE-YAAK, area mines and prospects along the Yaak R. and surrounding
tributariesGold, Pyrite, etc.
MADISON COUNTY
AREA:  Cow Camp, Elk Mt., Finnegan Ridge, regional surfaces, draws, etc.
gemmy chert, jasper;  Greenhorn Gulch, area gravelsrare Diamond, Quartz crystals;
 N part of Co., in the Sappington pegmatitesFergusonite, Muscovite, etc.  Pole Cr.,
area gravelsGarnets, Gold, Quartz crystals, Rubies, Sapphires;  South Boulder Cr.,
area gravelsQuartz crystals;  South Meadows, between there and Moore Cr., pegmatite
outcropsSpinel, etc.
ALDER:
 Alder Gulch, many great minesGold;
 Bismark Mine
Molybdenite Pyrite, Chalcopyrite;  California gulch, head of placersFergusonite,
Gold;  S, upstream along the Ruby R.: (a) area gravels, (b) gravel beds near Ruby Dam,
and (c) all regional tributary Cr. bedsAlmandite garnets.
ENNIS:
 SW 13 mi., area pegmatite outcropsAndalusite, Kyanite,
Sillimanite;  S 15 mi., deposit in pegmatitesMuscovite;  S 20 mi., in Johnny Gulch,
depositTalc.
HUTCHINS RANCH (community on US 287 about 38 mi. S of Ennis), S of Cliff Lake
(extreme SE part of Co.), area depositsChrysotile asbestos, serpentine.
SILVER STAR (Rochester Dist.):  gravels of the Jefferson R., and  surfaces of all
area hillsagate, chalcedony, jasper, petrified wood;  near S end of the Boulder
batholith, mines in quartz veinsGold.
TWIN BRIDGES (Tidal Wave):  W, at Crystal Butte areaQuartz crystal; 
mines in contact veins on W side of Tobacco Root batholithGold.
VIRGINIA CITY, area great minesGold, Garnets.
MINERAL COUNTY
SUPERIOR:  Cedar and Trout creeks, area placersGold;  Snowbird property
(in SW part of Co.) Fluorite, Calcite, Quartz.
MISSOULA COUNTY
GREENOUGH: placers and lode mines (Quartz-Pyrite veins) on Elk Cr. in the Elk
Cr.-Coloma Dist.Gold;  2 mi. S of Elk Cr., depositsBarite.
LOLO, area surfaces in the Lolo Cr. Dist.Quartz crystals (smoky, clear).
MINERAL POINT, area minesArsenopyrite (containing Silver).
NINEMILE CREEK, placers in glacial morainesGold.
PARK COUNTY
CARBELLA, area draws, Cr. beds, hillsides, etc.agate, jasper, petrified wood,
Quartz crystals.
CLYDE PARK, area rock exposuresCalcite (Iceland spar).
280
COOKE CITY (New World), negligible area placers (panning for colors) and
numerous contact metamorphic vein minesGold, Gold sulfides.
EMIGRANT, small scale placers along Emigrant Cr., some lode veinsGold.
GARDINER, area land surfaces, gravels, stream beds, etc.agatized wood,
travertine.
JARDINE (Sheepeater), small placers and replacement vein minesArsenic, Gold,
Tungsten.
LIVINGSTON:  area hillsides, ranchland, etc.agatized wood;  all regional
gravels of the Yellowstone R.: (a) S toward Yellowstone National Park; (b) E toward
Springdale, and; (c) all regional tributary stream gravelsagate (some Montana moss),
Natrolite, silicified wood.
MINER, area land surfacesagate, chalcedony, jasper, petrified wood,
PHILLIPS COUNTY
LANDUSKY, area old minesGold, Malachite, Pyrolusite.
ZORTMAN, some placers, some veins in a porphyritic laccolithGold.
POWELL COUNTY
AVON (Ophir), area placers, veins in Paleozoic limestoneGold.
DEER LODGE, to Se in Dry Cottonwood Cr.Sapphire.
DINN DIST. (includes Washington, Jefferson, and Buffalo gulches), numerous placer
and lode minesGold.
GOLDCREEK, area placersGold.
PIONEER, area placers where the first actual gold was discovered in Montana
Territory, veins in graniteCalcite, Chalcopyrite, Gold, Quartz crystals, Pyrite.
ZOSELL (Emery), area placers and Quartz-Sulfide veins in igneous rockGold.
PRAIRIE COUNTY
FALLON, to E and N of the Yellowstone R., in side tributaries of Craker-box,
Hatchet, Sand, and Whoop-up creeks, finest gem gradeMontana moss agate,
chalcedony, chert, jasper.
TERRY:  area land surfaces, draws, washes, etc.petrified wood, chalcedony,
jasper, etc.;  area gravel bars of the Yellowstone R. across entire Co.Montana moss
agate.
RAVALLI COUNTY
AREA:  Crystal Mt., mine that is Montana’s largest producerFluorite (crystals
range from white or pale green to deep purple);  Eightmile Cr., near the White Cloud
Mine, pegmatite outcropParasite Beryl;  Highes Cr., area placers small and sporadic,
but panning for colors goodGold.
CONNER, on Sheep Cr. (tributary of the West Fork of the Bitterroot R.), a large,
mined depositAllanite, Ancylite, Fergusonite (with Euxenite and Fersmite),
Monazite.
HAMILTON, W in pegmatite outcrops of the Bitterroot Mts.Fergusonite.
SULA:  area pegmatite outcrops; and  N 2 mi., pegmatitesBeryl (green,
prisms to 3” long).
281
Montana
SILVER BOW COUNTY
AREA:  Brown’s Gulch, alluvial gravelsSapphires;  Highland Dist. (ghost
town of old placers, Veins, chimneys, and contact metamorphic deposits) Gold.
BUTTE:  dumps and underground workings that are open to visitors of the Alice,
Allie Brown, Lexington, Rainbow, and other city minesBornite, Pisanite,
Rhodochrosite, Rhodonite. The city mines, many reaching the 4,000’ level, are interlaced
with more than 3,000 miles of tunnels on +100’ levels so that visitors and miners may travel
from one part of the city to another entirely underground, entering and exiting via scores of
shafts. The products produced were primarily Copper, with by-products of Lead, Gold, Silver
and Zinc.  the Emma Mine, massiveRhodochrosite;  E, along the foothills of East
Ridge, numerous minesChrysocolla and other Copper minerals;  S, in the Gravelly
Range, depositssilicified rhyolite (onyx);  Summit Valley, area placers and complex
veins in Quartz monzoniteGold.
MELROSE-GREGSON, extreme SW corner of Co., area minesBentonite.
WALKERVILLE, upper 4 mi. of Dry Cottonwood Cr. starting 12 mi. NW of Butte,
area stream gravelsGold, Sapphires.
STILLWATER COUNTY
COLUMBUS, SW 42 mi., the Mouat MineLead, Silver.
YELLOWSTONE COUNTY
BILLINGS to CUSTER, all gravel bars of the Yellowstone R. (including to W
boundary of Co. W of Laurel) Montana moss agate, chalcedony, chert, jasper.
282

Georgia through Montana - Association of Missouri Geologists

Transcription

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