heathkit - West Ada

Transcription

heathkit - West Ada

Residential Cabling Technologies
HTI-1 00-40
Student Workbook
595-6058-1
HEATHKIT
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEMS
TeICom Technology
__________________________________________________________
ii
Residential Cabling Technologies
Student Workbook
Copyright© 2004 by Heathkit Company, Inc. All rights reserved, Printed in the United
States of America. No part of this book may be used, reproduced, stored in a database
or retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Heathkit
Company, Inc. Making copies of any part of this book for any purpose is a violation of
United States copyright laws. For further information please write to: Publisher, c/o
Heathkit Company, Inc., 455 Riverview Drive Building 2, Benton Harbor, Michigan
49022.
Trademark Acknowledgments
Brands and product names cited in this manual are trademarks or registered trademarks held by their respective companies. Any use of a term in this book should not
be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.
ISBN
0-87119-355-8
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‘15
CoNTENTs
Contents
Introduction
.
V
Prerequisites
v
Equipment
v
Exercise Format
vi
Course Objectives
vi
Exercise 1—Electrical Cable Poster
1-1
Exercise 2—Installing a Branch Circuit
2-1
Exercise 3—Installing a GFCI Circuit Breaker
3-1
Exercise 4—Installing a GFCI Circuit Receptacle
4-1
Exercise 5—Light with One Point of Control
5-1
Exercise 6—Checking Ampacitv and Grounding
6-1
Exercise 7—Light with Two Points of Control
7-1
Exercise 8—Light with Three Points of Control
8-1
Exercise 9—Duplex Receptacle and
Switch Controlled Light (same circuit)
9-1
Exercise 10—Duplex Receptacle and
Switch controlled Light (multi-circuit)
10-1
Exercise li—Cable Analyzer Familiarization
11-1
Exercise 12—Cable Analyzer Calibration
12-1
Exercise 13—Setup for Non-Standard Cables
13-1
Exercise 14—Testing Coaxial Cables
14-1
Exercise 15—Troubleshooting and Repairing Faults
15-1
Exercise 16—Cable Test Management Software
16-1
Exercise 17—Report Generation
17-1
Exercise 18—Optical Testing with a Source and Power Meter
18-1
Exercise 19—Locating a Cable and Cable Pairs
19-1
Exercise 20—vlaking a Twisted-Pair Patch Cable
20-1
Exercise 21—RG6 Coaxial Cable and F Connectors
21-1
Exercise 22—Distribution Panel and Accessories Installation
22-1
Exercise 23—Prewiring (Pulling and Labeling the Cable)
23-1
Exercise 24—Terminating IJTP to RJ-45 Jacks
24-1
Exercise 25—Terminate Coax and Test the Cables
25-1
Exercise 26—Testing Telephone Line Polarity
.
26-i
Exercise 27—installing a Network interface Device (MD)
27-i
Exercise 28—Connecting the Service input Huh
28-1
Exercise 2_Telephone Huh Hookup
29-i
Exercise 30—Twisted Pair Wiring Basics
30-i
Exercise 31—Fiber TOols and How to Lse Them
31-1
Exercise 32—Fiber Optic Cable Poster
32-i
Exercise 33—Fiber Optic Theory
33-1
Exercise 34—Visual Thsts for a Fiber Optic Patch Cable
34-1
Exercise 35—installing ST Fiber Optic Connectors
35-1
Exercise 36—Design and Planning the
Layout of Low-Voltage Services
36-1
Exercise 37—Planning an Installation
37-1
Exercise 38—Analyzing Specifications and Installation
Requirements
38-1
Exercise 39—Estimating the Installation
39-1
Exercise 40—Trainer Restoration
40-1
Appendix—Sample Specifications
A-i
NTRODUCTION
Introduction
Welcome to Heathkit Educational Systems. Follow this manual and it will
direct you through this course. You will read study material, answer ques
tions, and perform laboratory exercises.
While this course is generic in that the principles taught apply to virtually
all home and network wiring, the steps for this course are specifically writ
ten for the hardware supplied with this course. Other hardware cannot be
substituted. The exercises will not work.
As you complete each exercise, you will perform some operation, or series
of operations, on the Heathkit Trainer—configuring hardware, applying
connectors, etc. Some exercises end with you undoing what you did to the
trainer. This serves two purposes. First, it gives you a second opportunity
to familiarize yourself with the task of modifying a specific characteristic of
the trainer. Second, it restores the trainer to its original condition in prepa
ration for the next exercise.
Prerequisites
There are no prerequisites for this course. However, in order to use certain
items supplied with this course, you should have a basic understanding of
using a computer that runs Microsoft Windows.
Equipment
The following items are required for this course.
Heathkit HTI-100 Trainer with its:
General wiring tools
Copper cabling tools
Fiber optic cabling tools
Set of test instruments
Spools of cable
Set of books, videos, and posters
Each student will need parts from his or her Student Pack.
NOTE: The parts supplied with this course may look slightly different
from those shown in this manual’s art work. The hardware may also have
slightly different features.
V
V
INTRODUCTION
Exercise Format
The exercises are presented in the tollowing format:
INTRODUCTION—This section tells you what you will he doing in the
exercise. it may also be used to refresh your memory of specific topics cov
ered in the corresponding reading assignment. In some cases, it is also used
to fill in details not provided in the text material.
OBJECTIVES—Specific performance objectives are included in each exer
cise. These tell you exactly what you are expected to learn from the exer
cise. Read the objectives before you do the exercise so that you know what
you are expected to learn. Then after you complete the exercise, reread the
objectives to verify that you can perform them.
READING ASSIGNMENT—In addition to this workbook, other text
reading may he required for the course. If this is the case, before each
exercise you will be given a reading assignment. You should complete
any assigned reading before you perform the exercise. Check with your
instructor to see if the reading assignment is to be completed in the class
room or as homework.
MATERIALS REQUIRED—These are the parts you will need in the exer
cise. It is a good idea to gather all this material together before you begin
the procedure.
PROCEDURE—This is a series of sequential instructions for performing
the exercise. The procedure contains questions regarding specific opera
tions or observations. These serve to start you thinking about the steps
you are performing. They also give your instructor a way to determine
how you are progressing with an exercise. Your instructor may provide
blank answer sheets for recording and submitting your observations and
answers.
Unless your instructor says otherwise, do not deviate from the sequence
of steps in a procedure. Sometimes, the purpose of the steps is not imme
diately’ obvious, but as you will learn, they do lead you to specific conclu
sions about an operation or process.
SUMMARY—Each exercise has one or more descriptions. Here, the pro
cedure is reviewed, any questions that need answering are answered, and
important points are highlighted.
CocRsr
Course Objectives
After you complete this
course,
you
xviii
he able to:
1. Identify and describe various electrical cables.
2. Install and test a branch electrical circuit.
3. install and test a GFCI circuit breaker.
4. Install and test a GFCI circuit receptacle.
5.
install and test a light fixture that has one point of control.
6. Test a circuit for proper ampacitv.
7. Install and test a light fixture that has
two
points of control.
8. install and test a light fixture that has three points of control.
9. install and test a duplex receptacle with a switch-controlled light on
the same circuit.
10. Install and test a duplex receptacle with a switch-controlled light on
another circuit.
11. Calibrate and use a high-tech cable analyzer.
12. Setup a cable analyzer to test non-standard cables.
13. Connectorize and test coaxial cables.
14. Use cable test management software.
15. Test fiber optic cable using a light source and power meter.
16. Connect and test telephone lines, and locate cable pairs.
17. Explain the various cable wiring errors that can he made.
18. Design, plan, estimate, install and test low-voltage services.
19. Connectorize a twisted-pair patch cable.
20. Make a fiber optic patch cable.
21. Install a distribution panel and its accessories.
22. Pull and properly label various cables.
OrnEci \‘ES
Vii
VH
J
CouRsE OBJEcTIvEs
23, Terminate horizontal cable runs.
24. Test horizontal cable runs.
25. Restore the trainer to its original condition.
ELEcTRc,\L CBLE POSTER
Exercise 1
Electrical Cable Poster
Introduction
This exercise will tocus on electrical cables and how to prepare and strip a con
ductor for termination. These cables come in various sizes and types. The most
common sizes of household electrical wire are #14 and #12, so those are the sizes
you will work with in this exercise. There is also another distinction between
cables, and this is NM (non-metalic) and MC (metal clad).
Part of working with electrical conductors is safet so don’t forget to follow
safety procedures.
Objectives
After you complete this exercise, you will be able to:
•
Remove the jackets from size 14 and size 12 NM electrical cables.
•
Identify armored cable.
•
Remove the insulation from the individual conductors.
•
Properly operate wire strippers.
•
Choose the proper AWG size slot of a stripping tool.
•
Determine if a wire is #12 or #14 AWG.
Material Required
Wire stripper
Cable ripper
and the following parts from iiour Student Pack:
Electrical Cable poster board
Cellophane tape
3-inch, 14-2 electrical cable
3inch, 14-3 electrical cable
3-inch, 14-2 armored cable (AC) electrical cable
3-inch, 12-3 armored cable (AC) electrical cable
Safety glasses
1 —1
1 —2
I
ExERcisE
1
Copper Electrical Cables
NOTES:
1.
In the following steps. you will cut open and examine several electrical
cables as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3 on the following pages. After you
examine each cable, tape the pieces to the poster board. Then, when you’re
done, you will have a very useful 3D display for identifying electrical
cables.
2.
Be sure you wear safety glasses whenever you cut small pieces of wire or
remove small portions of insulation from wire ends. Also, it is just as impor
tant to wear safety glasses when you are near someone who is doing these
things.
3.
When you remove the jacket from a non-metallic cable, start approximately
1 inch from the end and strip or cut the jacket material to the other end of
the cable.
4.
Be very sure that you do not cut into the insulation of the internal conduc
tors as you strip the cable. Also, do not allow the cutting device to slip and
injure yourself.
14-2 (NM) Electrical Cable
The most common nonmetallic (NM) sheathed cable (and it’s often referred to as
Romex, although that’s a brand name) is #14, two-conductor wire (plus ground).
So, that’s what we’ll start with. The wire is smaller in diameter than the #12 wire,
and it consists of a white wire, a black wire, and a paper-covered bare wire, all
tightly bundled in a protective jacket.
( )
Carefully position the cable into the cable ripper as shown in Figure 1. Next,
squeeze the cable ripper down onto the cable so the ripper blade penetrates
the cable jacket. Then pull the cable ripper and slit the cable jacket to the
cable’s end.
( )
Refer to Figure 2 and remove 3/4-inch of insulation from the end of at least
one of the conductors. To do this, place the wire end into the ‘14’ slot of the
wire stripper. Close the stripper until it bottoms out and will close no fur
ther. Then push the wire stripper away from you to remove the insulation.
( )
Locate the 14-3 NM cable. The wire size is again #14, but this time there is
a white, black, red, and bare wire. Prepare it as you did the previous cable
and tape it onto the poster.
14-2 (AC) Electrical Cable
Locate the 14-2 AC (armored cable). Notice that this cable has three wires
and all of them are insulated; white, black, and green. Pull the wires part
way out of the armor and prepare at least one of the wire ends. Then tape
the cable onto the poster.
EFcTRIc C\BE POSTER
Figure 1
Slicing through the jacket.
0
1
jNCHES
I
2
3
‘I
I
4
I
II
I
Figure 2
Remove the insulation from a wire end.
5
III
I
6
ii
II
1 —3
__________________
_______________
1 —4
ExERcsE
1
12-2 (NM> Electrical Cable
( )
Locate the 12-2 NM cable. The wire size this time is two sizes larger. It is
#12, It again consists of a white, black, and bare wire. Prepare it and tape it
to the poster.
()
Prepare the 12-2 NM cable and tape it to the poster. It consists of a white,
black, red, and bare wire.
12-3 (AC) Electrical Cable
Prepare the 12-3 AC (armored cable) and tape it to the poster. It consists of a
white, black, red, and green wire covered by armor.
Quiz
1.
When you stripped jacket material, did you nick any of the conductors?
2.
Have you noticed any difference between stripping 12 gauge NM and 14
gauge
3.
NM?
When you removed insulation from the conductors, did you damage or
nick a conductor?
Discussion
You now have experience at removing electrical cable jacket and insulation form
electrical cables. This prepares the wires for attaching connectors on #12 and #14
AWG cables. Remember the areas that require special caution so you do not cut
the internal conductors nor yourself.
ELECTRicAL CABLE PosTER
ELECTRICAL CABLE
14
14-3 NM
14-2 AC
12-2 NM
L
—
12-3 NM
12-3 AC
597-7356
Figure 3
A finished electrical cable poster.
1 5
IHIHIU&. I
C
I
m
m
x
INSTAWNG A BRANCH CIRcuT
Exercise 2
Installing a Branch Circuit
Introduction
In residential wiring, the electrical wiring is divided into two major categories.
The categories are the main feeders and the branch circuit wiring. It is the main
feeders (or power feeders) that are divided into many circuits or pieces called
branch circuits. This exercise will teach you how to properly install a branch cir
cuit.
Objectives
p1.
•
Install a 15A single pole circuit breaker into the service panel.
•
Install a 142 branch circuit cable from the service panel to an outlet box.
•
Terminate the branch circuit cable in the service panel.
•
Install a duplex receptacle.
•
Test the circuit for proper operation.
Material Required
p1
•
•
p1,
Long nose pliers
Cable ripper
Wire stripper
Safety glasses
Circuit tester
Multimeter
36 inches of 142 NM cable
Duplex receptacle
Flat bladed screwdriver
15 amp single pole circuit breaker
2 1
—
2 —2
I
EXEROsE
2
Procedure
WARNING: REMOVE POWER. Be sure the line cord of the high voltage por
tion of the Heathkit Trainer is unplugged before you proceed.
Refer to Figure 1 as you perform the following steps.
( ) Cut and install a 36 inch length of 14-2 NM cable from the service panel to
electrical box F. Route the cable through the box strain reliefs. The cable is
long enough so you will be able to neatly fold and route the wires inside the
boxes after you connect them in the following steps.
( ) Refer to Figure 2 and remove jacket material from the indicated end of the
cable as shown.
( ) Prepare the wire ends by removing ½-inch of insulation, and then connect
the wires as follows:
—
—
—
Bare wire to any terminal of the neutral bar as shown in Inset #1.
White wire to any other terminal of the neutral bar.
Black wire to the 15 ampere circuit breaker. Refer to Inset #2 on Figure
2 and loosen the screw. Then slide the bare wire end between the two
small plates under the screw and tighten the screw.
( ) Refer to Figure 3 and mount the circuit breaker at the location shown in
Figure 1. First, position the heel of the breaker under the holder as shown
by arrow I in Figure 3. Then rotate the breaker down into position over the
male prong as shown by arrow 2.
‘1
I—
mrs
II
Figure 3
Installing a circuit breaker.
mrs
I\STALU\C; A BR\cH CRcLIT
WARNING!
DANGER: High
Voltage Areas
When the line cord
is plugged in, these
areas and objects
connected to them
present lethal
voltages. Be careful.
Line voltage can kill
you.
Strain
Re! iei
--
Dup! e\
Receptacle
Figure 1
Wiring for a branch circuit.
2—3
2—4
I
EuRcsE
2
NOTE: In the previous steps, you connected a wire to the circuit breaker and
then installed the breaker into the panel. Now that you know how to do this, in
the future you may want to install the breaker first, and then connect the wire to
it, Either way is OK.
( ) Neatly position the wires as shown in Figure 2. Then tighten the strain relief
screws until the cable is held snugly in place. Work performed in a neat and
professional manner is important to an electrical inspector. Also, when you
connect wires to the neutral bar, some inspectors will want you to group
the white wires together and the bare copper wires together in their own
groups.
Be sure the free end of the cable is routed out the electrical box as shown in
inset #1 in Figure 1.
Refer to the following photo and strip the ends of the black and white wires
to the length indicated by the outlet strip gage.
Bend the three bare
ends as shown below. In the next step, you will
connect the wires to the duplex receptacle as shown in Figure 4. Notice
below that there is a correct and wrong way to connect the wires. With the
right way, the wires will have a tendency to be trapped under the screw
heads s you tighten the screws. With the wrong Wa, the wires will have a
tendency to work out from under the screw heads as you tighten them.
wire
!J
(
WRONG
Refer to Figure 4 and
—
—
connt
the wires to the duplex receptacle as follows:
Black wire to the “HOT’ screw terminal (gold/bronze).
White wire to the neu il screw terminal (silver).
Bare wire to the grourd screw t: minal (green).
I\STALLI\(
I..
I
1,
lb
I,
II
II
Figure 2
Wiring of the distribution panel.
Bui
CIRcuT
J 2—5
__________
________.
2—6
I
EXERCISE
2
STOP: Before you proceed, ask your instructor to check your work and give
you his or her OK before you proceed.
( ) Neatly fold the receptacle wires and cable into the outlet box and secure the
receptacle to the box with the receptacle screws. Then tighten the receptacle
box s train relief until it is snug.
Plug in the line cord and turn on the circuit breaker. If the breaker is off or
in its center position, then move the circuit breaker switch all the way to the
off (down) position and then all the way up to its on position.
Quiz
I.
Is the receptacle properly grounded?
2.
Refer to Figure 5 and plug the circuit analyzer into the receptacle. Does the
circuit analyzer show the proper wiring terminations?
3.
What voltage is supplied at the duplex receptacle?
4.
What voltage should he supplied at the duplex receptacle?
NOTE
You can th’termi u’ this &ii making a voltage test between the main lug of the st’rviL
panel and the neutral bar. See Figure 6.
Figure 4
A pmperiv wired duplex outlet.
_______________________.
INSTAWNG A BRANch
5.
Is there a different voltage reading between the “HOT” receptacle slot and
the “Neutral” slot, as compared to the “HOT” slot and the ground slot?__
If the answer is yes, you must check with your instructor.
6.
Is there a voltage reading between the neutral receptacle slot and the ground
slot?
If the answer is yes, you must check with your
instructor.
Exercise Continued
( )
Unplug the line cord.
( ) Ask your instructor to check your circuit and review your quiz answers.
( ) Be sure the line cord is unplugged. Then, return the Trainer to its original
condition by removing the cable and parts that you installed.
Discussion
This exercise taught you how to install a branch circuit. You learned how to
install cables and circuit breakers. You also learned how to properly connect the
conductor to the proper duplex receptacle. Then you learned about the testing
requirements for proper terminations. A very simple circuit drawing is shown in
Figure 7.
Circuit
aIyzer
Figure 5
Figure 6
Lsing a circuit tester
Checking oltage with a multimeter
ChRcuIT
2 —7
2-8
ExERsE2
White
II
•1
Duplex
Receptacle
-4
Figure 7
A simple circuit drawing.
I,
•1
I.
II
-4
-4
1
‘III
INSTALLING
A GECI
CIRL LIT BREAKER
Exercise 3
Installing a GFCI Circuit Breaker
Introduction
The purpose of this exercise is to learn how to properly install a GFCI circuit
breaker. You will learn both proper termination and grounding. A GFCI device is
a life-saving device, hut it must he installed properly. GFCI circuits are required
in areas such as bathrooms, garages, outdoors, unfinished basements, kitchens,
wet bar sinks, and swimming pooi equipment.
Objectives
•
Install a 20A single pole GFC1 circuit breaker into the service panel.
•
Install a 12-2 branch circuit cable from the service panel to an outlet box.
•
Terminate the branch circuit cable in the service panel.
•
Install a duplex receptacle.
•
Test the circuit for proper operation.
•
Tell the differences between 14 gauge wire and 12 gauge wire.
Material Required
Long nose pliers
Cable ripper
Wire stripper
Safety glasses
Circuit tester
Multimeter
36 inches of 12-2 NM cable
Duplex receptacle
20 amp single pole GFCI circuit breaker
31
3—2
1
ExERcIsE
3
Procedure
WARNING: REMOVE POWER. Be sure the power cord of the high voltage
portion of the Heathkit Trainer is unplugged before you proceed.
Cut and install a 36 inch length of 12-2 NII cable from the service panel to
electrical box E. Route the cable through the box strain reliefs as you did in
a previous exercise.
Remove jacket material from the indicated end of the cable as shown, as
you did before.
) Connect the cable wires as follows:
—
—
—
—
—
Bare wire to any terminal of the neutral bar as shown in Inset #1.
Cut the cable’s black and white wires to an appropriate length and
remove insulation from the ends of the wires.
Loosen the two indicated screws of the circuit breaker.
White wire to the lower open terminal of the circuit breaker.
Black wire to the upper open terminal of the circuit breaker.
) Mount the circuit breaker at the location shown in Figure 1.
( ) Connect the free end of the white wire coming from the circuit breaker to
any terminal of the neutral bar.
Loosen
Screws
Figure 3
Figure 4
Loosen the screws.
Wiring the GFO circuit breaker.
l\ST\LL\( A GFCI CR(uT BEAkER
II
Breaker
VVire
II
ic,
ttz
II
2 NM Cable
I,
Strain
Relief
Duplex
Receptacle
Figure 1
Installation and wiring of a GFCI circuit breaker.
33
________________
3—4
Ecis 3
Neatly position the wires as shown in Figure 2. Then tighten the strain relief
screws until the cable is held snugly in place.
Be sure the free end of the cable is routed out the electrical box.
( )
Prepare the free wire ends as you did in the previous exercise.
( )
As you did in the previous exercise, connect the wires to the duplex recep
tacle as follows:
—
—
—
Black wire to the “HOT” screw terminal (gold/bronze).
White wire to the neutral screw terminal (silver).
Bare wire to the ground screw terminal (green).
STOP: Before you proceed, ask your instructor to checi your work and give
( )
Neatly fold the receptacle wires and cable into the outlet box and secure the
receptacle to the box with the receptacle screws. Then tighten the receptacle
box strain relief until it is snug.
( )
Plug in the line cord and turn on the circuit breaker, If the breaker is off or
in its center position, then move the circuit breaker switch all the way to the
off (down) position and then all the way up to its on position.
Quiz
1.
2.
Refer to Figure 5 and plug the circuit analyzer into the receptacle. Does the
circuit analyzer show the proper wiring terminations?
3.
Refer to igure 6 and press the “test” button on the circuit breaker. What
should F. 2pen?
Figure 5
Figure 6
Jsmg a circuit tester.
re ‘test” button.
!NSTALLIG
Figure 2
A GFCI CRcuT BREAKER
3—5
_____________
________________________________
_____________
3—6
I
ExEROsE 3
4.
How do you reset the GFCI breaker?
Exercise Continued
Ask your instructor to check your circuit and review your quiz answers.
( )
Be sure the line cord is unplugged. Then, return the Trainer to its original
Discussion
Installing a GFCI circuit breaker requires special consideration as to the connec
tions in the service panel. If these connections are not correct, the breaker will not
supply the GFCI capabilities required per the NEC. This could be a critical life
safety issue.
Figure 7 shows how the GFCI breaker works.
Shunt
Trip
Push
1
SoIidState
Circuitry
j
Resistor
Switching
Contacts
Hot Conductor
H
CD’cr
I
/H’
()
Equipment
Grounding
Conductor
Figure 7
How a GFCT breaker works.
INSTALUNG
A GFC1
CIRcuIT RECEPTAcLE
Exercise 4
Installing A GFCI Circuit Receptacle
Introduction
In this exercise
1 you will install a GFCI circuit receptacle. In the previous exer
cisc, you installed a GFCI circuit breaker for safety and protection. The GFCI
receptacle provides the user with the same safety benefits as the breaker and
costs far less.
II
•
Objectives
•.
•
•
Properly install a GFCI circuit receptacle.
•
•
Properly ground a GFCI circuit receptacle.
I.
•
Properly test a GFCI circuit receptacle.
Material Required
•
•
•
Long nose pliers
Cable ripper
Wire stripper
Safety glasses
Circuit tester
Multimeter
36 inches of 14-2 NM cable
GFCI circuit receptacle
4—2
ExERcISE 4
Procedure
()
As in a previous exercise, cut and install a 36 inch length of 14-2 NM cable
from the service panel to electrical box E Route the cable through the box
strain reliefs.
.
Refer to Figure 2 and remove jacket material from the indicated end of the
cable as shown.
) Prepare the wire ends
by removing ½ inch of insulation, and then connect
the wires as follows:
—
Bare wire to any terminal of the neutral bar.
—
Black wire to the 15 ampere circuit breaker.
Mount the circuit breaker at the location shown in Figure 1.
) Neatly position the wires as shown in Figure 2. Then tighten the strain relief
( ) Be sure the free end of the cable is routed out the electrical box as shown in
Inset #1 in Figure 1.
( ) Strip the ends of the black and white wires to ½ inch.
NOTE: In the following steps, you will connect the cable wires to the GFCI recep
tacle. Be sure to use the terminals shown in the Figure and not the other ones.
( ) Refer to Figures 3 and 3A, and loosen the three indicated screws.
( ) Refer to Figure 3 and connect the wires to the duplex receptacle as follows:
—
—
—
Black wire to the “HOT” terminal (gold/bronze). Insert the wire end
into the indicated hole and tighten the screw.
White wire to the neutral terminal (silver).
( ) Tug on the three wires to make sure they are securely fastened in the recep
tacle.
I\ciALLlc
‘a
I,
I.
‘a
36 inch
1 4-2 \M Cable
Strain
Relict
GFCI
Receptacle
Figure 1
Wiring and installing a GFCI receptacle.
A GECI CRcLIT RrcEPTcLE
4—3
___________
44
Ercis
4
STOP: Before you proceed, ask your instructor to check T
our work and give
vouhisorherO
)
( )
Neatly fold the receptacle wires and cable into the out
receptacle to the box with the receptacle screws. Then
box strain relief until it is snug.
‘ox and secure the
,nten the receptacle
Plug in the line cord and turn on the circuit breaker. h the breaker is off or
in its center position, then move the circuit breaker swi h all the way to the
off (down) position and then all the way back up to its n position.
Quiz
1.
2.
Plug the circuit analyzer into the receptacle. Does the
the proper wiring terminations?
3.
Press the test button on the receptacle. What should happen?
4.
How do you reset the GFCI receptacle?
-cuit analyzer show
Exercise Continued
( )
(
Ask your instructor to check your circuit and
)
( )
review your quiz answers.
Be sure the line cord is unplugged. Then, return the Trainer to its original
Discussion
GFCI receptacles me with detailed installation and testing instructions. As was
said previoush
Cl devices can only protect if they a prope:.: installed. The
NEC has many requirements relating to ground-fault ircuit interrupters. You
can also install a ad side (down stream) ctarjard recentace and have it GFCI
protected by the. CI receptacle as well.
INSTALLiNG
Figure 2
A GFCI CIRCL!T
RtcLlTAcLE
45
4—6
I
Extcst 4
Figure 3
A properly wired duplex outlet.
Figure 3A
Wiring a GFCI outlet.
LIGHT WITH
OE
Pol\T (IF CONTRoL
Exercise 5
Light with One Point of Control
Introduction
A single pole switch can operate a light from a single point. In this exercise, you
will learn how to install a light fixture that will be controlled by a single pole
switch.
Objectives
After you complete this exercise, you will he able to:
•
Properly install a single pole switch.
•
Understand proper terminations of conductors for lighting.
•
Properly test a new light circuit.
Material Required
Long nose pliers
Cable ripper
Wire stripper
Safety glasses
15-inch, 14-2 NM cable
Single pole switch
Switch plate with two screws
Keyless light fixture
Light bulb
and the following parts from tou r Student Pack:
4 Yellow twist-on wire connectors
1 Red twist-on wire connector
5—1
5—2
I
EXEROSE 5
Procedure
Service Panel
( )
As in a previous exercise, cut and route a 40 inch length of 14-2 NM cable
from the service panel to the bottom of electrical box B. Route the cable
through the box strain reliefs.
15 inch length of 14-2 NM cable from the top
of electrical box B to the bottom of electrical box A. Route the cable through
the box strain reliefs.
( ) Refer to Figure 2 and route a
( ) Remove jacket material from the indicated ends of the cables as shown in
Figure 2.
( ) Prepare the wire ends by removing ½ inch of insulation, and then connect
the wires to the service panel as follows:
—
—
—
( ) Mount the circuit breaker at the location shown in Figure 1.
( ) Be sure the free end of the cable is routed out the electrical box as shown in
Figure 1.
( ) Strip the ends of the black and white wires to ½ inch.
Switch Wiring
NOTE: In the following steps, you will connect cable wires to the single pole
switch. Be sure to use the terminals shown in the Figure.
( ) From an 8-inch length of 14-2 NM cable, cut two 4-inch lengths of bare wire.
You will use these in the following steps. Discard the rest of the cable.
( ) Connect a 4-inch bare wire to the ground (green) screw of the switch.
Lc[1T WT[1 ONE PONi IF CONTROL
Figure 1
An installed switch and keyless light fixture.
Figure 2
Routing and preparing the cables.
53
5—4
I
Exasr 5
( ) Refer to Figure 3 and connect the switch wires
—
as
follows:
e a yellow twist-on wire connector and connect the two white wire
ends together.
Connect the two black wires to the switch as shown in the Figure.
—
Use a red twist-on wire connector and connect the three bare wire ends
together.
( ) Position the wires inside box and secure the switch to the box with the two
provided with the switch. Be sure the words ON and OFF are rightside-up and readable. Otherwise, turn the switch over.
screws
Keytess Light Fixture
NOTE: A keviess light fixture is simply a light fixture that has no switch mounted
to it—like a pull chain or push button.
Refer to Figure 4 and connect the remaining 4” bare wire to the light fixture
screw as shown.
( ) Refer to Figure 5, position the wires through the light fixture base, and
secure the fixture to the base.
Figure 3
Wiring of the single pole switch.
LGFiT VUTH
n hR reV
!s
I
Figure 4
Wiring of the keyless light fixture.
Figure 5
Keyless light fixture secured to the base.
Oxr PoINT or
CONTROL
55
______________________
___________
5—6
EXERoSE
( )
5
Refer to Figure 6 and wire the light fixture with three yellow twist-on wire
connectors as follows:
—
-
-
Two white wires.
Two black wires.
Two bare wires.
Mount the light fixture to the electrical box with the two screws provided.
you his or her OK.
( )
Refer to Figure 7 and mount the service panel cover to the service panel
with the screw provided with the panel.
( )
Refer to Figure 8 and mount the switch plate to the switch with the screws
provided with the switch plate.
( )
Install a light bulb (lamp) into the light socket.
( )
Plug in the line cord, turn the circuit breaker on, and check the operation of
the switch and light that you just installed.
Quiz
1.
Does the switch operate the light correctly?
2.
Is this type of switch single throw or double throw?
Exercise Continued
( )
( )
Leave the Trainer set up as it is for the next exercise.
Discussion
You have just installed the cables and devices for a single point of control for
a lighting circuit. This is referred to as a single pole switch operation. It is very
important to bre the “hot” line through the switch for this purpose, never the
neutral wires. Se he simplified drawing in Figure 9.
LIGHT WITH ONE POINT OF CONTROL
Figure 6
Wiring the light fixture.
Figure 7
Install the service panel cover.
Light
Single Pole
Switch
Figure 8
Figure 9
Install the switch plate.
Simplified circuit drawing.
5—7
5—8
I
ExERCISE 5
This page is for exercise notes.
CHEcKNc AwAcITY AN[)
GRouN[Nc
Exercise 6
Checking Ampacity and Grounding
Introduction
II
•
1.
Ampacity is the current measured in amperes that a conductor can carry con
tinuousl under the conditions of use ithout exceeding its temperature rating
Devices are also rated for maximum ampacity ratings. In part I of this exercise,
you will make some ampacity tests and analyze your results.
Another important subject is grounding. Homes and other buildings must have
a proper electrical ground in order to provide maximum safety for people and
property. In part 2 of this exercise, you will connect a service panel to a ground
ing rod and understand why grounding is important.
Objectives
II
•
•
•
Properly check the ampacity of a lighting circuit
•
Understand the sizing of lamps in wattage
•
Connect a service panel to a grounding rod.
•
List some of the codes for grounding rods
Material Required
El
AC clamp meter (ampacity tester)
Lineman’s Pliers
Safety glasses
Flat bladed screw driver
150 watt light bulb
200 watt light bulb
and the following part from your Student Pack:
•
12-inch, #4 bare stranded wire
6—1
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________.
__________________________________________________
______________,
6—2
_____________.
_______
ExERcIsE 6
Part
1
—
Checking
Ampacity
NOTE: The circuit should be as you left it in the previous exercise.
Refer to Figure 1. as you perform the following steps.
( )
)
Install a 150 watt light bulb in the keyless light fixture.
Be sure the single pole switch is in its off position.
(
)
Plug in the Trainer’s line cord and make sure the circuit breaker is on.
(
)
Turn the single pole switch to its ON position. The light should turn on.
(
)
Turn the light off and unplug the Trainer’s line cord.
(
)
Turn on the AC clamp meter (ampacity tester). The circuit is rated at 15
amperes, so set the meter to 15 amps or the next highest setting.
Remove the service panel cover. Then, carefully position the clamp meter’s
jaws around the circuit breaker’s black wire.
(
)
(
)
Plug in the Trainer’s line cord and turn on the light switch.
(
)
Read the ampacity value indicated by the meter and record it here.
(
)
Turn off the light.
(
)
After the bulb cools, replace the 150 watt bulb with the 200 watt bulb.
(
)
Turn the light on and measure the ampacity again. Record the meter’s indi
cation here.
( ) Unplug the Trainer’s line cord.
( )
Turn off and remove the AC
clamp
meter.
Quiz
1
Which lamp
attage had a higher ampacity
alue, the 150
att or the 200
L
watt lamp?
2.
Using the power formula, P
= l20volts,
lamp
3.
is
IF, calculate what the ampacir value of each
ifE
II
On a 15 amp circuit, how many 150 watt lamps could safely operate on this
circuit?
Exercise Continued
I.
—
( ) Ask your instructor to check your circuit and review your quiz answers.
( ) Be
the line cord is unplugged Then, return the Trainer to its original
condition by removing the cables and parts that you installed in the previ
ous exercise.
sure
I.
CFrcK\cAwcn
Figure 1
Measuring ampacitv with an AC clamp meter.
\\f)
6—3
6—4
ExERCIsE 6
Part 2
—
Grounding
Route the #4 bare wire through the strain relief.
NOTE: The neutral bar adapter is an accessory and does not usually come with
a service panel. It connects to the neutral bar with two screws as shown and is
used to connect additional large-size wires to the neutral bar. These items are
necessary if the code in your area require additional large-size ground wires.
( )
Loosen the two indicated screws, remove the neutral bar adapter and exam
ine the adapter. Then replace it and retighten the two screws.
( )
Connect the #4 bare wire to the neutral bar adapter and tighten the screw.
( )
Tighten the service panel strain relief.
Use the acorn clamp and connect the free end of the bare wire to the ground
rod as shown.
In some areas, the electrica code will require one eight-foot ground rod to he
driven into the soil outside e home. in other areas, two four-foot ground rods
are required. These must be placed a certain distance from the house, and have a
certain distance between each other. Also, the type of rod, clamp used and size of
wire will vary from place to place. Some areas require a copper clad steel rod, an
acorn clamp, and a #6 or #4 gauge of bare wire.
Also, it is typical that the neutral bar be grounded to the service panel with a
smaller-gauge bare wire that s connected to a green screw. Then, all this will,
in turn, be connected to metal water pipes and other objects inside the home.
The reason for all this groun !ng is to help protect the people that are inside or
around the home from electrczution. If a short circuit should occur, hopefully the
current will flow through a metal object instead of the person.
( )
Ask you instructor to check your circuit.
Return the Trainer to its original concition by removing the wire and parts
that you installed in this part of the exercise.
Quiz
1.
The neutral bar adapter has two
bar by two screws.
These are held to the neutral
I.
C1EcKNc ANlPAcTY AND GRouN[txc
IF’
•1
II
II
11
lb
Figure 2
Connecting a ground wire to a ground rod.
IF
6—5
6—6
[
ExERcisE
6
Discussion
The wattage rating on light bulbs (lamps) is very important to the loading of an
electrical circuit. We must know how many lamps are in a circuit and what the
wattage of these lamps are to properly size not only the wire and breaker but also
the controlling device. For example, an electronic dimmer may only be rated for
600 watts and without proper sizing of our lighting circuit, we could easily have
a wattage usage of more than this dimmer is capable of handling. Not only will
the controlling device stop working, but this could also become a fire hazard.
The purpose of grounds is to provide a low-impedance path for current to flow
That way, it might not travel through a person, or through another object and
start a fire.
LIGHT WITH
Two
POINTS OF CoNTRoL
Exercise 7
Light with Two Points of Control
Introduction
In this exercise, you vill install a light fixture that is controlled from two 3-way
switches. This allows lighting control from two locations of the residence.
Tvpicalh these are used at the bottom and top of stairways, and when you have
more than one entrance to a room or building.
Objectives
•
Properly install a pair of 3-way switches.
•
Understand the electrical and schematic diagram of a 3-wa light-control
circuit.
•
Properly test a 3-way light circuit.
Material Required
Long nose pliers
Cable ripper
Wire stripper
Safety glasses
24--inch, 14-3 NM cable
15-amp single pole circuit breaker
2, 3-way switches
2, switch plates with screws
Light bulb
and tiit’ fallowinç parts troni i/our Student Pack:
7 èllow twist-on wire connectors
7 1
7—2
ExERCISE
7
Procedure
Service Panel
( ) Refer to Figure 2 and route a 44 inch length of 14-2 NM cable from the ser
vice panel to the bottom of electrical box C. Route the cable through the box
strain reliefs.
( ) Route a 24-inch length of 14-3 NM cable from the top of electrical box C
to the bottom of electrical box B. Route the cable through the box strain
reliefs.
( ) Route a 15-inch length of 14-2 NM cable from the top of electrical box B
to the bottom of electrical box A. Route the cable through the box strain
reliefs.
Figure 2.
the wires to the service panel as you did before:
—
—
—
( ) Mount the circuit breaker at the locati
shown in Figure 1.
LIGoT
WITH
Two PowTs or CoNTRoL
Figure 1
An installed switch and keviess light fixture with two points of control.
7—3
7—4 j
Eas 7
Switch Wiring C
NOTE: In the following steps, you will connect cable wires to the 3-way switch
C. Be sure to use the terminals shown in the Figure.
at
( ) From a 12-inch length of 14-2 NM cable, cut three 4” lengths of bare wire.
( ) Connect a 4-inch bare wire to the ground (green) screw of a 3-way switch.
( ) Refer to Figure 3 and connect the switch wires as follows:
Use a yellow twist-on wire connector and connect the two white wire
ends together.
Black wire coming from the service panel to the point terminal (brown
or black screw).
—
—
Connect the black and red wires coming from electrical box B to either
of the remaining switch lugs of the 3-way switch as shown in the fig
ure.
together.
( ) Position the wires inside electrical box C and secure the switch to the box
with the two screws provided with the switch. There is no ON and OFF
printed on the switch so you can install it either way
Canleto
bo\B
Yeflow twtst-or
wire connecto
Figure 3
Wiring a 3-was’ switch.
Lc
lb
lb
lb
Ill
..
lb
II
I.
I.
Figure 2
Routing and preparing the cables
lIT V\ITH
Two
POINTS OF CoNTRoL
7—5
7—6
ExERaSE
7
Switch Wiring B
)
Connect a 4-inch bare wire to the ground (green> screw of a 3-way switch.
( > Refer to Figure 3 and connect the switch wires as follows:
ends together.
—
—
—
Black wire coming from electrical box A to the point terminal (brown
screw).
Connect the black and red wires coming from electrical box C to either
of the remaining switch lugs of the 3-way switch as shown in the
Figure.
together.
Position the wires inside electrical box B and secure the switch to the box
with the two screws provided with the switch.
Figure 3
Wiring a 3-way switch.
LfGHT WITH
Two
PowTs OF CoNTRoL
Keyless Light Fixture
( )
Refer to Figure 4 and connect the remaining 4-inch bare wire to the light fix
ture screw as shown.
( ) As you did in a previous exercise, position the wires through the light fix
ture base, and secure the fixture to the base.
( ) Refer to Figure 5 and wire the light fixture with three yellow twist-on wire
-
-
-
Two white wires.
Two black wires.
Two bare wires.
( ) Mount the light fixture to the electrical box with the two screws provided.
( ) Mount the service panel cover to the service panel with the screw provided
with the panel.
( ) Mount switch plates to the two switches with the screws provided with the
switch plates.
( ) Install a light bulb (lamp) into the light socket.
( )
Plug in the line cord, turn the circuit
breaker on, and check the operation of the
switch and light that you just installed.
Each switch should turn the light on and
off.
Figure 4
Figure 5
Wiring of the keyless light fixture.
77
_______________________________________________
7—8
____________
ExRIL
Quiz
1.
Do the switches operate the light correctly from both locations?
2.
What happens to the light when you toggle one 3-way switch and then the
other 3-way switch?
Exercise Continued
Return the Trainer to its original condition b removing the wire and parts
that you installed in this exercise.
Discussion
In this exercise, you learned about a 2-point of control lighting operation in a
residence. The wiring schematics (as shown on the next page) and terminations
are a lot different than a single point of control. For sirnplicitv the neutral wires
are not shown in the figures. Also, the schematics show the same circuit, except
with different styles of switches. But without proper terminations the switches
will not function properly.
LIGHT WITH
Two PoINTS or
Light
White
Black
3-Way Switch
3-Way Switch
Figure 6
Simplified drawing of using 3-way switches.
Two, single pole, double throw switches.
Figure 7
Another version of the same circuit shown above.
CONTROL
79
71 0
ExERsE 7
.5
Thic page is for exercise notes
‘I
I.
II
111
‘I
II
.5
‘I
II
.5
5-
I.
I.
II
—5
5-
LcHT WITH THREE PoINTs oF CoNTRoL
Exercise 8
Light with Three Points of Control
Introduction
It is sometimes necessary to have access to a light from three or more locations.
In this exercise, you will learn how to install a lighting circuit that can be con
trolled from three locations.
Objectives
Properly install a 4-way switch.
•
Understand the electrical and schematic diagram of a 4-way light-control
circuit.
•
Properly test a 4-way light circuit.
-I
Material Required
III
•
•
•
•
Long nose pliers
Cable ripper
Wire stripper
Safety glasses
1, 4-way switch
2, 3-way switches
3, switch plates with screws
Light bulb
and the following parts from i,our StudLnt Pack
8—1
8-2
E\ERc!SE
8
Procedure
Service Panel
(
Refer to Figure 2 and route a 54-inch length of 14-2 MvI cable from the ser
vice panel to the bottom of electrical box D. Route the cable through the box
strain reliefs.
( ) Route a 22-inch length of 14-3
NM cable from the top of electrical box D
to the bottom of electrical box C. Route the cable through the box strain
reliefs.
Route a 24-inch length of 14-3 MI cable from the top of electrical box C
reliefs.
NM cable from the top of electrical box B
reliefs.
Figure 2.
—
—
—
Black wire to the 15-ampere circuit breaker.
LICHT TH THRr Po\Ts
‘I
II
5-
11
I.
I,
II
Figure 1
An installed switch and keyless light fixture.
or
CoNTRoL
j 8—3
8—4
I
E\ERcsE
$
Switch Wiring D
NOTE: In the following steps, you will connect cable wires to the 3-way switch at
D. Be sure to use the terminals shown in the Figure.
( )
From a 16-inch length of 13-2 NM cable, cut four 4” lengths of bare wire.
Connect a 4-inch bare wire to the ground (green) screw of a 3-way switch.
Refer to Figure 3 and connect the switch wires as follows:
—
—
—
—
( )
ends together.
Black wire coming from the service panel to the point terminal (brown
or black screw).
of the remaining switch lugs of the 3-was’ switch as shown in the fig
ure.
together.
Position the wires inside electrical box D and secure the switch to the box
printed on the switch so you can install it either way.
low twist-on
:e connector
able
fr
Service R
Figure 3
Wi ring the 3-way switch at D.
LIc;FIT WT11 THREE POTS or CoNTRoL
Figure 2
I 85
86
I
EXERCIc[ 8
Switch Wiring C
NOTE: In the following steps, you will connect cable wires to the 4—way switch at
electrical box C. Be sure to use the terminals shown in the Figure.
( )
—
Lse a yellow twist-on wire connector and connect the two white wire
ends together.
Two black wires to the two indicated screw lugs of the switch.
—
—
Two red wires to the remaining switch lugs of the 4-way switch as
shown in the figure.
Use a red
together.
twist-on
wire connector and connect the three bare wire ends
Position the wires inside electrical box C and secure the switch to the box
printed on the switch so you can install it either way.
Cable to
box C
7f
‘id
low twist-on
wire connector
Figure 4
Wiring the 4-way switch.
___
L1GHT WITH THREE PoINTs OF CONTROL
Switch Wiring B
)
( )
—
—
—
—
( )
ends together.
Black wire coming from electrical box A to the point terminal (brown or
black screw).
of the remaining switch lugs of the 3-way switch as shown in the
Figure.
together.
Position the wires inside electrical box B and secure the switch to the box
with the two screws provided with the switch.
—I,
Ii
Yellow twiston
wire connector
I
I..
II
II
Red twist-on
wire connector
Figure 5
hiring 3 av
itch at B
8—7
8—8
I
ExERasE
8
) Refer to Figure 6 and connect the remaining 4-inch bare wire to the light fix
ture screw as
shown.
As you did in a previous exercise, position the wires through the light fix
()
Refer to Figure 7 and wire the light fixture with three yellow twist-on wire
-
-
-
( )
Two white wires.
Two black wires.
Two bare wires.
(
Mount the service panel cover to the service panel with the screw provided
with the panel.
) Mount switch plates to the three switches with the screws provided with
the switch plates.
( ) Install a light bulb (lamp) into the light socket.
( ) Plug in the line cord, turn the circuit
breaker on, and check the operation of the
switches and light that you just installed.
Each switch should turn the light on and
off.
Figure 6
1 the keviess light fixture.
Figure 7
_____________________________
LIGHT
wm
THREE POINTs OF CONTROL
Quiz
1.
Do the switches operate the light correctly from all locations?
2.
What happens to the light when you toggle one 3-way switch, then the
4-way switch, and then the other 3-way switch?
Exercise Continued
( ) Return the Trainer to its original condition by removing the wire and parts
Discussion
In this exercise, you learned how to wire a light for 3-points of control in a resi
dence. The wiring schematic (as shown on the next page> and terminations are a
lot different than a single point of control and somewhat different than a 2-point
control. Adding the third switch requires a 4-way function switch, which is sim
ply a double-pole, double-throw switch. The interesting thing is, virtually any
number of 4-way switches can be inserted between the two 3-way switches.
8—9
8—1 0
I
E\ERCIsE 8
3-Way Switch
4-Way Switch
3-Way Switch
Figure 8
Simplified drawing of controlling a light from three locations.
3-Way Switch
4-Way Switch
4-Way Switch
Figure 9
Simplified drawing of controlling a light from four locations.
3-Way Switch
DLPLL\ RECEPTACLE AN[) SwITcF CONTLOLLED
L!CHT
(SAME ccu
Exercise 9
Duplex Receptacle and SwitchControlled Light (same circuit)
Introduction
In this exercise you will install a light fixture that is controlled from a single
switch and a duplex receptacle circuit that is active all the time. This allows you
to turn a room light on and off, and leave the other electrical items in the room
powered by the duplex receptacle.
Objectives
After you complete this exercise, you will he able to:
•
Properly install a lighting circuit that uses a single point of control.
•
Properly install an additional circuit that feeds a duplex receptacle circuit.
•
Properly test the single control light and duplex receptacle circuits.
Material Required
Long nose pliers
Cable ripper
Wire stripper
Safety glasses
Flat hladed screwdriver
15-amp single pole circuit breaker
Single pole switch
Switch plate with screws
Kevless light fixture
Duplex receptacle
Receptacle cover with screw
Light bulb
and the fr/lowing parts front your Student I’ack:
9_ 1
9—2
ExEROSE 9
Procedure
Service Panel
( ) Refer to Figure 2 and route a 44-inch length of 14-2 NM cable from the ser
vice panel to the bottom of electrical box C. Route the cable through the box
strain reliefs.
) Route a 24-inch length of 14-2 NM cable from the top of electrical box C
reliefs.
NM cable from the top of electrical box C
reliefs.
Remove jacket material from the indicated ends of the cables as shown in
Figure 2.
) Prepare the wire ends by removing ½-inch of insulation, and then connect
—
—
—
Black wire to the 15-ampere circuit breaker.
DuPLEx RECEPTACLE AN[) SWTTCH CoNTRoLLED LIGHT (SAME CIRCUIT)
Figure 1
An installed switch, duplex receptacle, and kevless light fixture.
93
9—4
I Exrcisr
9
Switch Wiring C
NOTE: In the following steps, you will connect cable wires to the single pole
switch at C.
)
( )
From an 8-inch length of 14-2 NM cable, cut two 4” bare wires and one 4”
black wire. Then discard the rest of the cable.
Connect a 4-inch bare wire to the ground (green) screw of the switch.
Prepare the ends of the 4-inch black wire and connect the wire to either
switch lug of the single pole switch.
( )
—
—
—
—
Use a red twist-on wire connector and connect the three white wire
ends together.
Connect the black wire of the cable going to electrical box A to the
remaining free lug of the switch.
Use a red twist-on wire connector and connect the three remaining
black wire ends together.
Use a red twist-on wire connector and connect the four bare wire ends
together.
Red twsto
1
wire
Cable from
Service Panel
Figure 3
Wiring the switch in electrical box C.
DuPLEx RECEPTACLE AND SwiTcH CoNTRoLLED LIGLIT (A\iE CIRCUIT)
Figure 2
95
9—6
I
E\cRcE 9
with the two screws provided with the switch. Be sure to position the switch
correctly so the ON and OFF printed on the switci is right-side-up.
Duplex Receptacle Wiring B
Refer to Figure 4 and connect the wires to the duplex receptacle as follows:
—
—
—
Black wire to the “HOT” screw terminal (gold/bronze).
White wire to the neutral screw terminal (silver).
( ) Refer to Figure 5 and connect the remaining 4-inch bare wire to the light fix
ture screw as shown.
As you did in a previous exercise, position the wires through the light fix
horn
box C
CabIe
Figure 4
Wiring of the duplex receptacle.
DuPLEx REcEPTAcLE AND SwTcF1 CoNTRoLLED LKmT S\\E (1RCUIT)
( )
Refer to Figure 6 and wire the light fixture with three ellov twist-on wire
-
-
-
Two white wires.
Two black wires.
Two bare wires.
with the panel.
Mount a switch plate to the switch with the screws provided with the
switch plate.
Mount a receptacle cover to the duplex receptacle with the screw provided
with the cover.
Install a light bulb (lamp) into the light socket.
) Plug in the line cord, turn the circuit breaker on, and check the operation of
the switch, light, and outlet that you just installed. The switch should turn
the light on and off, and the receptacle should be on all the time.
I
A
__
Figure 5
Figure 6
Adding a ground wire.
97
9—8
I
ExERcisE
9
Quiz
1.
2.
With the switch in the on position, does the duplex receptacle work prop
erly?
3.
With the switch in the off position, does the duplex receptacle work prop
erly?
4.
Use the circuit tester. Is the duplex receptacle wired properly?
Exercise Continued
( ) Leave the Trainer to its current condition. You will use the existing circuits
in the next exercise.
Discussion
In this exercise, you installed a lighting circuit with control and also fed a recep
tacle circuit for non-switched operation. This allows you to make use of branch
circuits for more than just a lighting circuit or a receptacle circuit. You should,
however, know the maximum wattage that can be allowed on that circuit and
design your system properly
Light
White
Black
Duplex
Receptacle
Single Pole
Switch
Figure 7
Simplified drawing of light, switch and duplex receptacle.
DUPLEX RECEPTACLE AND SwTo1 CONTROLLED LN;HT MLTTI-CIRCUIT)
Exercise 10
Duplex Receptacle and SwitchControlled Light (multi-circuit)
Introduction
In this exercise you will install a light fixture that is controlled from a single
switch and a duplex receptacle circuit that is active all the time. The lighting cir
cuit will he on one circuit and the receptacle circuit will he on a second circuit.
Objectives
•
Properly install a lighting circuit that uses a single point of control.
•
Properly install an additional circuit that feeds a duplex receptacle circuit.
•
Properly test the single control light and duplex receptacle circuits.
Material Required
Long nose pliers
Cable ripper
Wire stripper
Safety glasses
Trainer and circuits constructed in Exercise 9, plus
One more 15 amp single pole circuit breaker
44-inch, 14-3 NB cable
and the following part front i/our Student Pack:
Yellow twist-on wire connectors
1 0—1
1 0-2
I
ExERcsE
10
Procedure
Refer to Figure 2 and remove and discard the 14-2 NM cable that extends
from the service panel to the bottom of electrical box C. You will have to
take the switch out of the electrical box and remove some twist-on wire con
nectors.
()
Remove and discard the short black wire that is attached to the switch.
Figure 2
Remove and discard the 14-2 cable.
DpiE\
REcEPTACLE AND SwTcF Co\TR )LLED LCHT (MULTHORCUT)
Figure 1
The new 2-wire circuit.
1 0—3
1 0-4
EXEROsE 10
( )
Route a 44-inch length
to the service panel.
( )
Refer to Figure 3, prepare the
trical box C as follows:
—
—
—
—
Black
wire
of
14-3 NM cable from the bottom of electrical box C
wire
ends, and connect the cable wires
cit
elec
to the switch.
Use a yellow twist-on wire connector and connect the red wire to the
black wire of the cable going to electrical box B.
Use a red twist-on wire connector and connect the white wires
together.
Use a red twist-on wire connector and connect the bare wires together.
Refer to Figure 4 and notice the two hot service wires inside the service panel.
Note that each wire connects to a different 120-volt bus bar. In the following
steps, you will install two circuit breakers. You will want these breakers to be
attached to the same 120-volt bus bar, so you will not install them side-by-side.
Instead, you will install them with a breaker-space between them You will use
breaker spaces 1 and 3
ed twRt-on
wire connector
Figure 3
Wiring the switch in electrical box C.
DuPLEX RECEPTACLE AND SwITcH CoNTROLLEu LIGHT (MEl TFCRCUIT)
( )
Refer to Figure 5 and connect the wires to the service panel as follows:
—
—
—
—
Black wire to a 15 ampere circuit breaker and install it at location I
Red wire to a iS ampere circuit breakera and install it at location 3.
with the two screws provided with the switch. Be sure to position the switch
correctly so the ON and OFF printed on the switch is right-side-up.
you his or her OK.
( )
with the panel.
( ) Mount a switch plate to the switch with the screws provided with the
switch plate.
) hot service wires. Each wire
:vpicallv provides 120 volts, for
total of 240 volts, to a home.
liese wires are always HOT and
rnch larger than those shown
crc,
Figure 4
Service panel bus bars.
I 1 0—5
_________
1 O6
I
__________
EXERaSE 10
Plug in the line cord, turn the circuit breaker on, and check the operation of
the switch, light and outlet. The switch should turn the light on and off,
and the receptacle should be on all the time.
,
Quiz
1.
2.
With the switch in the on position, does the duplex receptacle work prop
erly?
3.
With the switch in the off position, does the duplex receptacle work prop
erlv?
4.
Use the circuit tester. Is the duplex receptacle wired properly?
Exercise Continued
( ) Unplug the line cord.
( ) Return the Trainer to its original condition by removing the wire and parts
Discussion
In this exercise, you changed a “same circuit” to a “multi-circuit” simply by
changing the cable that came from the service panel. The advantage of a multi
circuit operation is that two different circuits each has their own circuit breaker.
You may choose to use this scheme for lighting a home theatre and use the recep
tacles for home theater components. You were able to run just one multi-conduc
tor cable from the distribution panel to supply both demands.
DuPLEx REcEPTAcLE AND SwITUI CoNTRoLLE[
Lc11T
Figure 5
Wiring the service panel.
Light
Duplex
Receptacle
Single Pole
Switch
Figure 6
Simplified drawing of light, switch and duplex receptacle.
(MuLTI-uncurl)
1 0—7
10-8
Ecisi 10
This page is for exercise notes
II
—I’
II
•1
•1
II
C-\BLL A\\LzER E-\\LI\RIZTlo\
Exercise 11
Cable Analyzer Familiarization
Introduction
Today’s cable analyzer is a high-precision, computerized device that gen
erates test signals, launches them on a communications line, measures the
results of the transmission, calculates cable performance, and presents
the results in graphical and tabular form. The tests of the cables have two
roles: to generate test reports for certification/archive and to enable the
technician to locate and repair cable faults.
The analyzer has stored in memory, the standards from EJA/TIA 570A
for testing a wide variety of cable types; coax, twisted pairs, and optical
fibers. You can make a connection via a serial port to a computer, so that
standards for other networks, links, and media are available. You can also
input custom cable standards if required.
The analyzer used for this exercise is the Fluke Networks DSP-4300 Cable
Analyzer. The DSP-4300 certifies LAN basic link, permanent link, and
channel configurations to IEEE, ANSI, TIA, and ISO/IEC standards. A
“Talk” feature allows 2-way voice communication between the Main
and Remote Units over twisted-pair cable or over fiber with a Fiber Test
Adapter. The Model DSP-4300 stores at least 250 graphical test reports on a
removable memory card, or in its internal memory. Included in this model
are two proprietary tests to help locate where a fault is on a cable. A HighDefinition Time-Domain-Crosstalk (HDTDX) analyzer locates the posi
tion of crosstalk problems in a link, and a High-Definition Time-Domain
Reflectometrv (HDTDR) analyzer locates the position of return loss prob
lems in a link. An auxiliary connection panel is located on the side of the
unit. You can select various menus and options with cursor keys and
“soft” keys which can he reprogrammed for different functions. You can
replace the link interface adapter (LIA) of the Main and Remote Units so
that different media (coax or optical fiber) can he tested.
Included with the Analyzer is a PDF file manual. It is an excellent refer
ence, and the technician should refer to it for technical details.
1 1 —1
11 —2
E\[RcsE
11
Objectives
At the end of this exercise you will be able
to:
•
Identify the controls, screen, and auxiliary panel of the DSP-4300 and
remote unit.
•
Connect the DSP-4300 control unit, remote, and cable to he tested.
•
Turn on the Main and Remote Units and use the various menus to
select the parameters and tests to be run.
•
Use the Rotary Selector switch to identify and view the available
selections and tests.
Materials Required
I
Fluke Networks DSP-4300 cable analyzer, accessories, and software.
2
Fluke LIAO13 interface adapters.
2
One-meter long Cat 5e (yellow) patch cables.
Procedure
1.
Unfold the table stands on the back of each DSP-4300 unit and posi
tion them on the table in front of you.
2.
Refer to Figure 1 and Table 1 while you locate and identify all of the
various connectors, controls, etc. on the Main Unit. Table I also pro
vides you with a brief description of each item.
3.
Similarly, refer to Figure 2 and Table 2 while you locate and identify
all of the various connectors, controls, etc. on the Remote Unit. Table
2 also provides you with a brief description of each item.
CABLE ANALYzER FAYDLIARZATION
1
Cable
Under Test
Socket
10
Monitor
Socket
I
Figure 1
The Fluke DSP-4300 Main Unit connectors, controls, and indica
tors.
I 1 1 —3
11
_
Exuast 11
keq .\o,
Label ID
Description
I
Cable Lnder Test
Scket
Tho, is an RJ-35 socket where you connect the cable to he
2
Link Adapter
Socket
Allows you to test coaxIal, Cat 6, or tiber optic cables.
3
Llr\ Adapter Plug
This is a D-shaped plug where you connect the Link
4
View Screen
All menus, tables, graphs, and cable parameters are dis
tested.
Adapter.
played here. This screen also displays reprogrammable
controls.
5
Softkeys (4)
These are reprogrammable keys. When a function calls for
one of them, a description will appear above the key.
6
Back Key
Exit key. Use this button to return to the previous page.
7
Fault Info Key
Returns information when a cable fault has occurred.
8
Run Single Test
Use this button to perform an individual test or repeat a
test on a cable.
9
Execute or Display
This button carries out the function indicated in the high
lighted selection on the screen. it is also used to navigate
between pages.
10
\lonitor
This connector allows you to use Cat 5e to connect the
DSP-4300 to a computer \IC, so you can monitor network
traffic.
II
Memory Card Slot
The solid-state memory card inserts into this slot. It can he
“hot swapped” while power is applied.
1
External Power
This connector allows you to connect a 15-volt, I-ampere
power cube to charge the Main Unit’s internal battery. An
LED near the connector lights during charging.
13
Serial Port
This DB9 connector allows you to connect the Main Unit
to the serial port of a computer, or directly to a printer.
14
Charging Status
Indicates the status of the internal battery charger. Refer
to the more detailed description in Table 2 for the Remote
Unit.
15
Headset Jack
This connector allows you to communicate with a techni
cian at the Remote Unit.
16
Screen Light
Allows you to turn the screen’s backlight on and off.
17
Cursor Controls
These buttons allow you to navigate through menus and
move the cursor on the screen. The screen indicates when
these buttons are active.
IS
Intercom
This is a push-to-talk switch von use when you want to
communicate with the technician at the Remote Unit.
When you are finished, press Exit to return to the previ
19
Save Test Results
This button jumps to a page where you can enter a file
name, etc.
10
Rotary Selector
This knob allows you to select the function of the Main
Unit.
ous menu.
Table 1
Description of Main Unit connectors, controls, and indicators.
CBE ANi\LYzER FAM IARZATONJ
12 Headset
Jack
E13 Serial
Port
J14
1
Charging
Status
15 External
Power
Figure 2
The Fluke DSP-4300 Remote tjnit connectors, controls, and indica
toys.
1 1 —5
11 -6
ExEkusi
11
Ket ‘xo.
Label ID
Description
1
Cable Under Test
Socket
This is an RJ-45 socket where you connect one end of the
cable to be tested.
2
Link Adapter
Socket
Allows you to test coaxial, Cat
S
LTA Adapter Plug
This is a D-shaped plug where von connect the link
Adapter.
4
Pass LED
This green LED lights when the test is complete, if no
faults were detected.
S
Testing LED
The yellow LED lights while a test is in progress.
Fail LED
This red LED lights when the test is complete, and one or
more faults were detected.
Talking LED
This LED lights when the Talk mode is active,
7
b,
or fiber optic cables.
S
Low Battery LED
This LED lights when the remote battery voltage is low.
g
Talk button
This button allows you to use the headset to communicate
through a twisted pair or fiber cable that is connected
between the Main and Remote Units. tbu can also use this
button to control the headset volume while the Talk mode
is active.
II)
Rotary Selector
This 5
witch turns the Remote Unit on and off.
ii
Monitor
This connector allows you to use Cat 5e to connect the
DSP-4300 to a computer MC, SO you can monitor network
traffic.
12
Headset Jack
This connector allows you to communicate with a techni
cian at the Main Unit.
13
Serial Port
This DB9 connector allows you to connect the Remote
Unit to the serial port of a computer, or directly to a
printer.
13
Indicator LEDs
LED off, unit is turned off:
The battery is not charging.
The charger is not plugged in.
LED off, unit is turned on:
The battery is not charging.
The charger is not plugged in or the Analyzer is running
a test. When the test is finished, charging will resume
unless the battery is already charged (greater than 80%).
LED flashing red:
Fast charge is pending.
Chareing is heginnine. The status may last for several minutes
until the fast charging begins.
LED is continuously red:
Fast charge mode. The charger stays in this mode for up
to 4 hours, or until either the battery is fully charged, or a
test is initiated.
LED is continuously green:
Charging has completed.
Fast charge is complete. The unit is in the trickle-charge
iT)Ode.
13
External Power
This connector allows you to connect a 15—volt. 1 -ampere
power cube to charge the Remote Unit’s internal battery.
An LED near the connector ight during charging.
Table 2
Description of Remote Unit connectors, controls, and indicators.
Co r
A\ALVZER FuLl.;RIzAno\
4 .A ttach LIAO13 adapters to the Main and Remote Units, if this has not
already been done. TO do this, carefully line up the connectors and
push the adapter into place. Then slide the latch on the hack of the
adapter to the locked position.
Connect one of the Cat 5e patch cables between the Cable Test sockets
on the Main and Remote Units. NOTE: We xviii not actually test the
cable at this time. The cable is necessary so we can observe the vari
ous display items.
6.
Turn the Rotary Selector on the Main Unit to Autotest and turn the
Rotary Selector on the Remote Unit to On. After the Cable Analyzer
boots up, you should briefly see a screen like the one shown in
Figure 3.
-L LJ ;:i
—S
•
••••
DSP-4300
CABLE ANALYZER
Software Version: 1.912
Hardware Version: 1.0
Standards Version: 5.12
Figure 3
The Fluke DSP-4300 opening screen.
1 1 —7
11 —8
E\EROsE 11
7.
After the boot seauence completes, the Autotest screen similar to the
one shown in Figure 4 will appear. Your screen may contain different
information, depending upon the type of cable that was being mea
sured the last time the Analyzer was used.
The Autotest screen provides you with information about the param
eters of the tests that will be performed. Figure 4 shows that the
Analyzer is set up to test a Cat 5e channel according to TIA standards.
It also shows that the cable to be tested is an unshielded twisted pair
(UTP), has a 100-ohm impedance, and is a Cat 5e cable.
The next few lines on the screen indicate that the Analyzer is set to
record data plots, and that a memory card is present in the auxiliary
panel slot.
The screen also indicates the status of the battery charge (if less than
l00) and that you press the Test button to begin the Autotest func
tions. Do not press the button at this time.
The lower part of the screen shows any available softkey functions.
The corresponding blue keys are located just below the screen. As the
screen shows, Softkey 4 key provides you with information about the
memory.
AUTOTEST
TIA Cat 5e Channel
UTP 100 Ohm Cat 5e
Press TEST to start
Memory
0000
Figure 4
Autotest screen.
CABLE
8.
ALYzER
FAMLlARZATWJ
Press SoitkL’i/ 4. What information does the Memory page provide?
\otice that Softkev 4 key now performs the Exit command. i’ush
softkcii 4 (Exit) to return to the Autotest menu.
9.
Turn the Rotary Selector to the Sin ç
t’ Test position. ‘iou should now
4
see the first page of the Single Test menu similar to Figure
.
TIA Cat 5e Channel
UTP 100 Ohm Cat 5e
¶1
—
I ILl I LJr
Wire Map
Length
Propagation Delay
Delay Skew
NEXT
NEXT @ Remote
Attenuation
Resistance
ÀY to select test
I
I
I
I Page
iDown
0000
Figure 5
First page of the Single Test menu.
The highlighted line on the screen indicates which test will run when
you press the Test button, Do not run any of the tests yet. Note that
the up / down cursor buttons are now active and allow you to select
the test you wish to run. Also note that Softkey 4 is now programmed
to advance to the next page (Page Down).
10.
Push Softke’ti 4. You should now see the second page of the Single Test
menu similar to Figure 6 (if it is setup for Cat e cable). After you read
the available tests, push Sotkei, 3 (Page Up) to return to the previous
page. Again, do not run any of the tests vet.
1 1 —9
11 -1 0
E\ERcE
11
TIA Cat 5e Channel
UTP 100 Ohm Cat 5e
RL
RL @ Remote
PSNEXT
PSNEXT @ Remote
ELFEXT
ELFEXT @ Remote
PSELFEXT
PSELFEXT @ Remote
v to select test
I
I
i
I
Page
Up
I
00 oO
Figure 6
Second page of the Single Test menu.
11.
Turn the Rotary Selector to the Monitor position. This setting allows
you to monitor Ethernet traffic for collisions, jabber, peak traffic, and
percentage of network utilization. You can also monitor traffic on
1OBASE-T or IOOBASE-IX [wised-pair cables. This feature allows you
to identify active cables and provides some information about net
work activitv When the analyzer is connìected to a network as shown
in Figure 7, it automatically generates link pulses to activate the hub.
The Analyzer uses Auto-Negotiation when it attempts to monitor
1OBASE-T and 100BASE-TX traffic. If a link state does not occur, the
analyzer will display the warning message “No Link Pulse.”
12.
What are the options listed for the Monitor function:
a.
b.
C.
d.
_______________________________________
E
A\ -\1
ZER
F\u[
ARZATJO\
Hub
RJ45
Jacks
Analyzer with
DSP-LIAO1 3 Adapter
Figure 7
Connection for monitoring network traffic.
13.
Turn the Rotary Selector to the Setup position. Setup is a seven-page
menu that has many options and menu trees. The first page shows the
test standard and cable type used, an option to enter report identifica
tion data, and an option to disable Auto increment. You can use the
up and down cursor keys to highlight a different parameter. Softkey 4
(Page Down) allows you to advance through pages of data items that
may he changed. Table 3 shows the items included on each of these
pages along with a brief description. Softkey I (Choice) displays the
choices which have been entered for that parameter.
14.
Move the highlight to the second and third line of the screen, if this
lines are not already highlighted. These lines indicate the current test
standard and cable type.
15.
Press Softkev 1 (Choice) to view the beginning of a multi-page list of
hA Category assignments. This list is 13 pages long, and many of the
proprietary networking systems that have been developed over the
past 50 years are pre-programmed into the Analyzer. At this time, we
will accept the default.
16.
Press the Exit key to return to the first setup page.
17.
From the displa record the test standard and cable type you will
in this exercise below:
Test Standard
Cable Type
use
11 11
11 -1 2
j Extuist ii
Pg
fl
2)
3
4)
5)
6)
7)
*
Menu Items
Menu Functions
Test Standard and Cable Type
Select standard and media
Report Identification
Edit report irlentitication
Auto lnciement
Select parameters to increment, such as
report number or cable ID,
Store Plot Data
Enable/Disable
Backlight Time-Out
Select delay time
Power Down Time—Out
Select the power turn-ott time
Audible Tone
Enah1e Disable
Printer Type
Select printer trom a list
Serial Port Baud Rate
Select from list
Flow Control
Serial port parameter
Date
Enter toady’s date trnm/dd / vv)
Date Format
Select date format from list
Time
Enter current time (hh:mm:ss am/pm)
Time Format
Select time display (12- or 24-hour format)
Length Units
Meters or feet display
Numeric Format
Significant digits display
Language
Select the desired display language
Power Line Frequency
Needed for calibrations
Impulse Noise Threshold
Increment or decrement value
Top Level Pass Indication
Headroom*
Enable/Disable
Configure Custom Test
NEXT/Worse margin
A list of 17 parameters that can he set by
the user to run only certain tests or to set
pass! fail thresholds. Up to 8 custom cables
can he configured.
May or may not appeai depending upon the cable that has been selected.
Table 3
Description of Setup pages.
CABLE ANALYZER FASSwIARIZATIoN
18. Turn the Rotary Selector to the Print position. Table 4 shows the six
available options.
I)
Set baud rate, printer type, and flow control
Select a report that has been saved on the
All Autotest Reports
Selected Autotest Reports
memory card
All Report Summary
Data sent to the printer
Selected Report Summary
Data on the memory card
Edit Report Identification
Edit header, operator, and site data
Edit Print Parameters
Edit printer type, baud rate, and flow
control
Table 4
Description of Print options.
19. Turn the Rotary Selector to the Special Functions position. Table 5
shows the 10 available options.
1)
View/Delete Test Reports
Delete or view reports
Delete All Test Reports
Be sure you want to do this!
Tone Generator
Start/Stop generator output
Determine Cable NVP
Direct measure of velocity
Battery Status
Percentage bar chart display
LIA Status
Number of times the LIA has been used
Self Calibration
Requires the calibration adapter
Self Test
Connect to Remote Unit with the calibra
tion adapter
Memory Card Configuration
Option to reformat
Version Information
Hardware, Software, and Standards
Table 5
Description of Special Functions options.
20. Use the menu navigation tools to scroll through the options on the
Special Functions page and highlight Battery status. Then press the
Enter button.
Battery status
II
01
i()
21.
Turn the Main and Remote Units Off
22,
Locate the Cable Fault Box located on the right-hand wall of the
Trainer. We will use the top row of connectors (1A and 1B) during the
following procedure. See Figure 8.
11 13
—
11 -1 4
ExtRast 11
Socket 1 A
I
A
B
/
Socket 16
ipE
2frJ
1
Figure 8
Location of the test cable for this exercise.
23. Use two one-meter long Cat 5e patch cables to connect the cable to be
tested to the Main and Remote Units as shown in Figure 9. The figure
shows the test cable inside the Cable Fault Box as a coil of wire.
24.
Turn the Rotary Selector on the Main Unit to Autotcst, and the Rotary
Selector on the Remote Unit to On.
25.
When the analyzer finishes its boot-up phase, press the Tt’st button to
begin the test.
Main
Unit
Remote
Unit
Cable Under Test
(Inside Cable Fault Box)
Launch Cables
Figure 9
Setup to test an unknown cable.
________________
_________
CABLE ANALYZER FAMILARzAToN
26.
When the tests complete, answer the following questions:
Did the test pass or fail?
What is the NEXT Headroom?
dB
What is the length of the cable?
27.
Turn the Main and Remote Units off and disconnect the test circuit.
Discussion
Cable testing in the past required racks of separate instruments and dif
ficult connection schemes. The Analyzer you used today replaces these
instruments with an integrated package which combines these measuring
devices and report-generating software. High-speed timing circuits and
sensitive detectors allow you to make more precise, repeatable measure
ments.
Quiz
1.
What is the special ability of Softkeys?
2.
Under what function and what page would you go to change the dis
play units from feet to meters?
Function
Page
3.
Which type of network analysis is not available on the DSP-4300?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Coax network
Optical fiber network
Wireless network
UTP network
4.
How does the Cable Analyzer send its reports to a computer?
5.
Under the Setup function, what selection would you use to change
the identification of the report to be generated?
6.
To what function would the Rotary Selector be set to run only one
test?
j
11 15
—
___________
___________
___________
___________
___________
________—
____
_________
11-16
[ER1s[11
7.
What is the function of the Talk button?
8.
If you want to return to a previous page, which function key would
you press to go back?
9.
What is a “custom cable,” and on which menu would enter the
parameters for the custom cable?
10.
Why should you keep reports for a newly-installed residential cable
system?
CABLE ANALYZER CALTBRATKN
Exercise 12
Cable Analyzer Calibration
Introduction
The world is built on standards, We standardize everything from the pitch
of screw threads to the size of soda pop cans. The reason for doing this is
repeatabilit\ Standards are agreements between the users of a technology
to use common measurements and methods. Network standards are con
tained in EJA/TIA 570A. In order to meaningfully compare some result
from a test with another system or with other tests made on the same unit,
the systems must act in a predictable way. We do that by setting stan
dards.
Central to standards issues is the ability to calibrate our instruments.
Especially now that we are trying to measure events on cables down to the
centimeter, it requires being able to time signals within nanoseconds. The
signal levels on cables also must meet amplitude standards. Being able to
make accurate measurements is crucial. To do this, we need to calibrate
our instruments. This usually means comparing our measured values to
a known value. In the case of the DSP-4300, there are very precise timing
generators and pulse generators built into it. These circuits are trimmed
and adjusted at the factory to produce the same, known value of signal
each time.
To calibrate the DSP-4300, we compare signals sent between the Main Unit
and the Remote Unit to the performance of a known cable that is, to
no cable at all. The method of calibration is to link the two units together
through their I/O connectors without any cable in between. A special
adapter referred to as the DSP-4000 Calibration Module is used to do this.
It is a small plastic box with connectors on each end which connect the
inputs and outputs of the Main and Remote Units.
—
j
12 1
—
1 2-2
ExEROSE
12
Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you will he able to:
•
Recognize the DSP-4( X) Calibration Module.
•
Properly connect the calibration module to perform calibration.
•
Locate the proper menu and run the calibration routine.
•
Run Self Test to confirm the results of calibration.
•
Confirm the presence of and space available on the memory card.
Materials Required
DSP-4300 Main and Remote Units
DSP-4300 Calibration Module (see Figure 1)
Figure 1
The DSP-4300 Caibration Module.
Procedure
Unlock and remove the interface adapters from the Main and Remote
Units, if they have not already been removed.
2.
Refer to Figure 2 and connect the Main Unit, Calibration Module, and
Remote Unit together as shown. To do this, match the D-shaped con
nector on each end of the Calibration Module with the D-shaped con
nectors on the Main and Remote Units Either end of the Module may
be connected to either Unit. There is not much strength to the module
connectors, so the best way to connect them is to lay the units flat on
their backs on a level surface.
.
3.
Turn the Rotary Selector on the Main Unit to Spccial Fieiictk;is, and
the Rotary Selector on the Remote Unit to On. After the analyzer
hoots up, you should see the menu shown in Figure 3.
CAcLE ANALYZER CALTBRATox
Calibration
Main Unit
Module
Remote Unit
Figure 2
Installing the Calibration Module.
I.
ZR
4.
Use the up/down cursor keys to highlight the Self calibration option.
Then press the Enter button. You will be prompted to connect the
Units to the Calibration Module. Since we have already done this,
press the I’st button to begin the calibration process.
5.
After several seconds, you we see a Self Calibration Complete mes
sage on the screen. Press Enter to return to the Special Functions
screen.
View/Delete All Test Reports
1
lb
lb
lb
lb
Figure 3
The Special Functions menu.
1 2—3
________________________________
__________
1 2-4
ExERcIsE 12
6.
Use the cursor buttons to scroll down to Sef Test. Then press the
Enter button. You will again be prompted to connect the Units to the
Calibration Module. Since we have already done this, press the Test
button to begin the calibration process. If the tests run successfully,
the Pass light on the Remote Unit will light. In addition, the Main
Unit will display a screen similar to Figure 4.
7.
Press the Enter key to return to the Special Functions Menu.
8.
Scroll down to Memory Card Configuration and run that function. Is
there a memory card present?
Refer to the screen on the
Main Unit, and copy the results onto the following lines.
Card Label:
Card Size:
Free Space:
Saved Tests:
9.
Press the Exit button to return to the Special Functions screen.
Turn the Main and Remote Units Off. Unplug the Units from the
Calibration Module, and put everything away.
Figure 4
The Self Test results screen.
___________
_________
____________________
CABLE ANALYZER CAUBRATIoN
Discussion
By bringing together the electronics to generate, detect, and measure test
signals, the DSP-4300 also incorporates calibration signal tools, In this exer
cise we calibrated and tested the Analyzer’s hardware. You should always
perform the calibration process before you run any certification run.
Quiz
1.
Name several standardized things that we use every day (An exam
ple is the light bulb.) A light bulb bought in Detroit works in a lamp
in Cocoa Beach because the base is standardized).
Is a Phillips headed screwdriver a standardized item?
or why not?
Is an automobile speedometer calibrated?
make a speedometer read wrong?
4.
Why
What would
A 12V voltage standard is calibrated to +/— 10%. What is the high
What is the
est the voltage may be and remain calibrated?
lowest?
5.
If the timer/clock generator in the DSP-4300 lost its calibration, what
measurement(s) would most likely be affected?
1 2—5
1 2-6
ExERaSE 12
This page is for exercise notes.
SETUP FOR Nox-STANDAR[ CABLES
Exercise 13
Setup for Non-Standard Cables
introduction
The majority of residential cable installation jobs use cables and hardware
that are widely available. Occasionally though, you will have to use non
standard cables or troubleshoot an existing system that is not made up
entirely of standard cable. The Test Standard, Cable Type menu item in
the Setup function is the entry point where you select an already known
standard network cable, or manually enter custom cable parameters. The
DSP-4300 has standards from EJA/TIA, ISO, IEEE, and numerous propri
etary networking schemes already stored in memory. The various param
eters are the actual physical makeup of the cable under test. There are
seven pages of test options which you can change from the Setup function.
The other functions besides Test Standard, Cable Type are used mostly to
change the way the measured data is displayed.
In this exercise, you will learn how to configure the Analyzer to test a non
standard cable.
Objectives
At the end of this exercise you will be able to:
•
Maneuver through menus to find and change custom cable param
eters.
•
Use the cursor controls and softkeys to select test parameters and dis
play options.
Materials Required
1
Fluke DSP-4300 Main Unit,
13 1
—
1 3-2
EXEROSE
13
Procedure
NOTE: This exercise requires only the Main Unit. No other connections or
components are necessary.
1.
Turn the rotary selector on the Main Unit to the Setup position. When
the Analyzer finishes booting up, a screen similar to Figure 1 will
appear. Your screen may have a different standard and cable type
shown, depending upon the cable being measured the last time the
Analyzer was used. Notice that this is Page 1 of 7.
TEST STANDARD, CABLE TYPE:
TIA Cat 5e Channel
UTP 100 Ohm Cat
REPORT IDENTIFICATION:
Edit
AUTO INCREMENT:
Enable
AV
to
-
cr
Figure 1
I hu first page of the Setup function.
2.
The Test Standard and Cable Type should already be highlighted, so
let’s see what else is available.
3.
Press Softkey I (Choice) to view a list of test standards. Notice that this
is Page 1 of several pages. Press Soltkey 4 (Page Down) to view all of
the different test standards already stored in the Analyzer.
4.
When you are finished looking through the list, find, and highlight
TM Cat 5e Channel and press the Enter button. When the Select Cable
Type menu appears. highlight UTP 100 Ohm Cat 5e and press the
Enter button. We will use this standard as our starting point for the
remainder of this exercise. The Analyzer should now he back at the
first page of the Setup menu, and look similar to Figure 1.
SETu’ FoR NoN-STANDARD
Figure 2
Page 7 of the Setup function.
5.
Press Softkey 4 (Page Down) until you reach Page 7, which contains
a list of eight different custom cable types as shown in Figure 2. One
or more of the custom cables may have already been configured for a
custom cable and may have a different name.
6.
Use the cursor keys to highlight the second custom cable and press
the Enter button to open the Configure Custom Cable Test menu. As
we mentioned earliei there are seven pages of parameters which you
can set for each cable.
7.
Use the Page down/up cursor buttons to scroll through each page.
Notice that Softkey 2 has been programmed as Set to Default. If there
is a parameter you do not know how to set, you can press the Set to
Default button to enter a usable value for the parameter. Table 1 is a
list of values as they were set at the factory, and suggestions for items
to change. To change a value, use the up/down softkeys to highlight
the value you want to change and press the Enter button. From the
resulting page, highlight the new value and press the Enter button.
The new value will appear in the list.
8.
When you are finished,
return to Page 1.
CABLES
1 3 —3
1 3-4
E\EROsE 13
Page
1
Parameter
Custom Test Name
Use Default Values Prom
Old label
New Label
C ustom Cable 2
Heathkit Cable 2
TIA Cat Se Perm. Link 100
Ohm CatS
Custom Cable Name
2
LIP 123
NVP
690%
Maximum Length
295 ft
Fault Anomaly
Threshold
3
WireMap
Patch 999
15%
Pairl,2 ->1,2
Pair 3,6 -> 3.b
Pair 4,5 ->4.5
Pair 7,8 - > 7,8
Shield -> Disable
4
5
6
7
Resistance
N A
N/A
Impedance
N/A
N/A
Attenuation
Enable
Next
Enable
Return Loss
Enable
ACR
Enable
PSNEXT
Enable
PSACR
Enable
ELFEXT
Enable
PSELFEXT
Enable
Table 1
Default custom cable settings.
9.
Highlight the current name of the custom test, if it is not already
highlighted, and press the Enter button so you can change the name
for this custom cable. A page with the alphabet, special characters,
and numbers will appear. Notice that a letter (probably A> is already
highlighted, and there is a box labeled Custom Test Name which con
tains the current cable name.
10.
Make sure the text cursor is after the last character in the current
name (probably a 2). Then press Softkez, 4 (Delete) to erase the old
name, one character at a time, until you erase the entire line.
11.
Change the name to Heathkit Cable 2. To do this, use the cursor keys
to navigate around the alphabet table. Then press the Enter button to
select each letter. To insert a space, navigate to the word space in the
alphabet table and press the Enter button.
12.
When you have the new name entered, press the Save button to return
to the Configure Custom Test page. The screen should now indicate
the new name.
SETLP FOR NoxST\\r\RD CIEs
13.
Use the cursor to highlight the Citstoiii Cable Ntnne parameter (skip
the Use Default Values From parameter). Then change the name to
Patch 999. Press the Sa’e button when you are finished to return to
the Configure Custom Test page.
14.
Press Softkei
’ 4 (Page Down) to view the next page.
1
15.
The next parametei NVP, is the Nominal Velocity of Propagation in
percent of the speed of light (%c). We will keep the old value.
16.
We will also keep the current values for the next two parameters,
Maximum Length and Fault Anomaly Threshold.
17.
Press Softkei 4 (Page Down) to look through the rest of the pages,
but leave them unchanged. When you are finished, and satisfied von
have properly entered the new parameters for the custom cable, press
the Saz’e key to return to Page 7 of the Configure Custom Test.
18.
Press Softkey 3 (Page Up) until you return to Page 1 of Setup. Now
let’s find out if our new cable now appears in the list of cables.
19.
Press Softkey 1 (Choice) to view the list of test standards. Press Softkey
4 (Page Down) and look through the list. Is your new cable listed?
20.
Turn the Main Unit Off and put it away.
Discussion
In this exercise, you learned that the Fluke DSP-4300 is a very flexible
instrument. You can configure the parameters for a test to analyze nearly
any type of cable. You can also configure the information used in the anal
ysis through the screens in the Setup function.
Quiz
1.
Describe the steps you would take to change the Nominal Velocity of
Propagation (NVP) for Heathkit Cable 2.
1 3—5
0
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a,
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heathkit - West Ada

Transcription

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