Indian 2W Segment –
Transcription
Indian 2W Segment –
Your Aim is Our Only Target Indian 2W Segment – Bajaj Auto or Hero MotoCorp Himanshu Sharma Auto & Auto Ancillary Analyst June - 2016 Strictly Private and Confidential Wealth creation drivers – Focus of our research Factors contributing to huge long-term wealth creation – Corporate governance standards Management pedigree – Quality of earnings – Financials Corporate Governance & Quality of Earnings are two very important drivers of valuation multiples, but are often ignored & underresearched by the street in general Our core research process – To include in-depth insights on: – Corporate governance standards analysis – Details on next slide – Analysis of various attributes which impact quality of earnings Our Belief: We believe that long-term wealth creators in Indian equities over the past decade have benefitted disproportionately from expansion of valuation multiple. While earnings play a key role in a business getting higher multiples, quality of earnings & corporate governance standards of the company are equally or more important but are often ignored or under-researched. 2 Corporate governance parameters & their significance Minority investors’ interest aligned with promoters – Promoter ownership and their board representation, promoter compensation & board structure. These will reflect if minority shareholders are adequately represented, guided by an independent board and, more importantly, promoters’ economic interest are aligned with shareholders. Independent Directors & Auditors – We would highlight which other prominent listed companies these auditors & Independent Directors represent; this will not only build confidence in the accounting & disclosure standards but also add much faith in independent decision making by the company which will always protect the interests of all shareholders. Tax paying status & Dividend payout ratio – Consistent dividend payout by a company reflects that the economic interests of all shareholders are aligned and also reduces dependence on capital gains for equity returns to investors. Contingent Liability & Related party Transactions (RPT) – 3 This would capture any future liability which could surprise the equity owners at a future point in time & RPT would again be useful to capture if there are any other ways for promoters’ economic interest which are not aligned with all shareholders. BJAUT or HMCL? We assess BJAUT and HMCL on various parameters: – – – 4 Corporate governance Promoter compensation Ownership & Auditors Board composure Independent directors Related party transactions Contingent liability Quality of earnings Business model – industry leading margins Ability to generate cash flows Return ratios – ROE R&D Business outlook Based on our analysis we prefer BJAUT over HMCL (see slide 33 for details) Corporate Governance Standards Objective – To study the corporate governance standards of two companies over the past several years and make relative assessment 5 Promoter compensation (Rs mn) Bajaj Auto Chairman (Rahul Bajaj) - % share of PBT MD (Rajiv Bajaj) - % share of PBT Vice Chairman (Madhur Bajaj) - % share of PBT Total - % share of PBT HMCL Chairman Emeritus (Brijmohan Lall Munjal) - % share of PBT Chairman, MD and CEO (Pawan Munjal) - % share of PBT Jt. Managing Director (Sunil Kant Munjal) - % share of PBT Total - % share of PBT FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY11-15 Total 78 0.2% 69 0.2% 58 0.1% 206 0.5% 111 0.3% 102 0.3% 83 0.2% 296 0.7% 120 0.3% 153 0.4% 153 0.4% 426 1.0% 112 0.2% 184 0.4% 84 0.2% 379 0.8% 112 0.3% 205 0.5% 84 0.2% 401 1.0% 534 0.2% 712 0.3% 461 0.2% 1707 0.8% 268 1.1% 265 1.1% 1 0.0% 533 2.1% 344 1.2% 345 311.4% 327 1.3% 328 1.3% 315 1.2% 970 3.8% 370 1.3% 379 1.3% 360 1.3% 1108 3.9% 442 1.3% 446 1.3% 425 1.2% 1313 3.8% 1,751 1.2% 1,763 1.2% 1,100 0.8% 4,614 3.2% 0.0% 689 2.4% Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research • Promoter’s compensation is significantly lower for BJAUT vs HMCL, both in terms of absolute amount and as a % of PBT. Promoter compensation for both companies has increased over the last five years. • Promoters and minority investors’ interests are always closely aligned if promoter gains are linked more to dividends and equity value rather than salary. 6 Ownership & auditors While BJAUT has maintained its stake in the business over the last five years, HMCL promoters have diluted their stake to finance other initiatives. Promoter Ownership trend (%) FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 BJAUT 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 49.2 49.3 HMCL 52.2 52.2 52.2 39.9 34.6 34.7 Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research HMCL released a statement at the time of stake sale in FY15 – "(Parent Hero Group led by Brij Mohan Lal) will use the sale proceeds to fund new growth avenues available through the government's ‘Make in India’ initiative.“ Although stake sale between BJAUT and HMCL is not necessarily negative, it clearly highlights some shift in promoter focus from existing business to new ventures. Auditors Auditor Name BJAUT HMCL 7 Dalal & Shah Deloitte Haskins & Sells Auditor Fees FY15 (Rs mn) As % to PBT Statutory Raymond Ltd, Century Textiles & Industries Ltd, Bharat Bijlee Ltd, Ador Welding Ltd, Bajaj Holdings & Investment Ltd 15.1 0.04% Statutory Many Marquee Cos 17.6 0.05% Type Other Companies Audited by the auditor Board of Directors Board of Directors Composition FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 16 16 16 16 16 - Promoter group Directors 7 7 7 7 7 - Independent Directors 9 9 9 9 9 - % share of promoters 43.8 43.8 43.8 43.8 43.8 - % share of independent 56.3 56.3 56.3 56.3 56.3 14 12 11 11 12 - Promoter group Directors 6 5 5 5 5 - Independent Directors 8 7 6 6 7 - % share of promoters 42.9 41.7 45.5 45.5 41.7 - % share of independent 57.1 58.3 54.5 54.5 58.3 BJAUT - Total Strength HMCL - Total Strength Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research 8 Both BJAUT and HMCL have fair representation from independent directors. Two points to highlight are: • BJAUT has a larger board compared to HMCL • While BJAUT promoter representation is broadly in line with its holding, HMCL promoter representation is higher than its holding Independent Directors – Profile & compensation Independent Director Name No. of directorship in other public ltd cos Kantikumar R Podar 3 D J Balaji Rao 7 D S Mehta 3 J N Godrej 10 S H Khan 7 Ms. Suman Kirloskar 2 BJAUT Naresh Chandra 9 Nanoo Pamnani 4 P Murari 8 Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research 9 FY15 Name of some prominent listed companies Compensation in which Director (Rs mn) As % to FY15 PBT CEAT Ltd. 3M India Ltd., Ashok Leyland Ltd., Graphite India Ltd., JSW Energy Ltd. 1.0 0.00 3.0 0.01 Bajaj Finance Ltd., Bajaj Hindusthan Ltd. 1.6 0.00 0.6 0.00 3.0 0.01 1.2 0.00 3.0 0.01 4.6 0.01 0.6 0.00 Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Company Ltd., Geometric Ltd., Haldia Petrochemicals Ltd. Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Company Ltd., IDFC Ltd., ITC Ltd., Balrampur Chini Mills Ltd., Cairn India Ltd., Electrosteel Castings Ltd., EROS International Media Ltd., Gammon Infrastructure Projects Ltd., Bajaj Finserv Ltd. (Vice Chairman), Bajaj Finance Ltd. (Vice Chairman), Bajaj Holdings & Investment Ltd. Aban Offshore Ltd., Aditya Birla Nuvo Ltd., Adayar Gate Hotel Ltd., Fortis Malar Hospital Ltd., Great Eastern Energy Corporation Ltd., HEG Ltd., IDEA Cellular Ltd. Independent Directors – Profile & compensation Independent Director Name HMCL No. of directorship in other public ltd cos FY15 Name of some prominent listed companies Compensation in which Director (Rs mn) Mr. Pradeep Dinodia 6 DCM Shriram Limited, JK Lakshmi Cement Ltd, 6.5 0.02 Dr. Pritam Singh 3 Godrej Properties Limited, 4.0 0.01 Mr. M. Damodaran 5 CRISIL Limited, ING Vysya Bank Limited, L&T Limited, Bennett Coleman and Company Limited. 3.6 0.01 Dr. Anand C. Burman 6 Dabur India Limited, Aviva Life Insurance Company India Limited. 0.7 0.00 Mr. Ravi Nath 4 Kanoria Chemicals & Industries Limited, Somany Ceramics Limited 2.3 0.01 Ms. Shobana Kamineni 10 KEI Group, Blue Star Limited 0.0 0.00 Gen. (Retd.) V.P.Malik 2 5.3 0.02 Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research Both companies have prominent and well known board members Despite its smaller size, HMCL outgo on Independent Directors is more than that of BJAUT. 10 As % to FY15 PBT Related party transactions Nature of Transaction (Rs mn) FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 Equity Contribution – Bajaj Auto International, PT Bajaj Auto Indonesia 2,101 681 2,319 678 0 Purchase of investments – Bajaj Finserv 2,069 0 0 0 1,515 Insurance premium paid – Bajaj Allianz 90 122 137 92 149 Sale of vehicles and materials – KTM 63 1,287 2,308 3,586 7,334 As a % of revenues 0.0 0.7 1.2 1.8 3.5 Equity Inv – Hero FinCorp Limited, HMCL (NA) 0 0 529 1,516 2,443 Equity Inv written off – HMCL (NA) 0 0 0 0 1,514 Hero FinCorp Limited – Inter-corporate deposits given 4,650 4,550 3,850 6,050 2,950 Hero FinCorp Limited – Inter-corporate deposits repaid 4,450 3,550 2,650 6,250 5,150 A.G. Industries Private Limited – Purchase of RM 4,702 5,718 5,723 6,800 7,076 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.7 3.6 8,469 10,986 11,197 12,370 15,416 6.0 6.4 6.4 6.8 7.8 Bajaj Auto Hero MotoCorp As a % of total RM cost Rockman Industries Limited – Purchase of RM As a % of total RM cost Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research While there is no significant RPT in case of BJAUT, there are RPT of RM sourcing from promoter owner company (c. 10%). Analysing their financials shows single-digit EBITDA margin for A.G. and low double-digit margins for Rockman. 11 Contingent liability (Rs mn) FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 4,225 4,187 4,189 4,464 4,505 232 254 271 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 1,227 1,818 2,933 3,921 4,861 0 96 541 986 4,542 Value Added Tax (VAT)/Sales Tax matters under dispute 3,284 2,579 3,775 1,161 1,263 - Total 8,970 8,935 11,710 10,532 15,171 18.3 14.8 14.8 11.0 14.2 304 400 471 292 409 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.6 Bajaj Auto Claims against the company not acknowledged as debts Guarantees on behalf of its subsidiaries Guarantees to HDFC Ltd Excise and customs demand Income tax matters – Appeal by company - % share of Net Worth Hero MotoCorp In respect of excise matters - % share of Net Worth Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research While HMCL has minimal contingent liability, the same has been significantly high for BJAUT since a long time. 12 Assessment of Quality of Earnings Objective – To study the historical trend of margins and cash flow generation. 13 BJAUT – Superior margin profile BJAUT – Steady margin performance BJAUT Vs HMCL EBITDA margins 40 25 30 20 15 20 10 10 5 0 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 0 FY11 FY12 FY13 BJAUT EBITDA Margin (%) -10 BJAUT EBITDA Margin (%) FY14 FY15 FY16 HMCL EBITDA Margin (%) Change in Export volumes (%) Source: Company, Centrum Research High-margin segments like domestic 3W, domestic premium 2W segment, exports and spares account for more than c. 80% of topline, helping the company report healthy EBITDA margins, despite sluggish growth. Over the years, the company optimised its cost structure with lower fixed costs (like advertising), helping it maintain margins even with subdued volumes. In FY16, despite subdued export volumes (-4% YoY), BJAUT has maintained 21.3% EBITDA margins (+200bps), again highlighting the strength of its business model. While we expect both BJAUT and HMCL margins to taper off from FY16 levels, we see little chance of the delta closing in anytime soon. 14 BJAUT vs HMCL – Margins As % to Sales FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 28.3 27.9 28.5 31.7 31.5 33.8 Employee Costs 2.9 2.6 3.0 3.4 4.0 3.9 Other expenses 5.8 6.0 6.6 7.3 8.2 8.6 19.6 19.3 18.8 20.9 19.3 21.3 Both BJAUT and HMCL have reported healthy improvement in gross margins and EBITDA margins since FY11. While in case of BJAUT, the improvement in gross margin was driven by richer sales mix and subdued input costs, the same in case of HMCL was driven by LEAP program and subdued input prices. However, not all gains were passed on at EBITDA levels, with both companies reinvesting gains from GM in other heads like employee cost, advertising, R&D, etc. Bajaj Auto Gross Margins EBITDA Mgn Hero MotoCorp Gross Margins 26.7 26.0 26.2 27.4 27.8 31.9 Employee Costs 3.2 3.1 3.5 3.7 4.3 4.7 Other expenses 10.7 8.3 9.6 10.3 11.4 12.4 EBITDA Mgn 12.8 14.6 13.1 13.5 12.1 14.8 Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research Over last several years, BJAUT has constantly reported higher EBITDA margins (c. 600 – 700 bps), primarily on the back of better business model (revenue-mix) 15 Employee costs – Advantage BJAUT FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 Bajaj Auto No. of Employees 8,627 8,627 9,127 9,119 9,183 Employee Cost (Rs mn) 4,768 5,154 6,118 6,965 8,652 2.9 2.6 3.0 3.4 4.0 No. of Employees 5,257 6,106 5,800 6,782 7,334 Employee Cost (Rs mn) 6,190 7,355 8,209 9,300 11,729 3.2 3.1 3.5 3.7 4.3 As % to Sales Hero MotoCorp As % to Sales Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research 16 Despite a smaller topline, BJAUT boasts of relatively lower spend on personnel expenses (as a % of sales). Also, despite its bigger scale, HMCL has lesser number of employees. This we believe is because HMCL uses a higher share of contractual labour. Lower fixed cost model – Where is the delta? % to Sales FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 Other Expenses 5.8 6.0 6.6 7.3 8.2 Advertisement & sales promotion 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.9 Packing and forwarding 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.8 Misc. expenses 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.4 Other Expenses 10.7 8.3 9.6 10.3 11.4 Advertisement 2.0 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.4 Packing forwarding and freight 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.1 Misc. expenses 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.7 Bajaj Auto Hero MotoCorp Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research Overall, other expenses as a % of sales are higher for HMCL in the last few years due to higher proportion of advertising, packaging & forwarding, and miscellaneous expenses. Over the last five years, other expenses of both BJAUT and HMCL have increased significantly. While the increase in case of BJAUT has been driven by higher advertising expense, the same in case of HMCL has been led by higher packaging, forwarding & freight, and miscellaneous expenses. Although advertising expenses (as a % of sales) for HMCL have not seen significant spike, they are significantly higher than BJAUT (despite a smaller BJAUT topline). 17 Higher advertising expenditure – The difference Over the years, while BJAUT worked to highlight its brand by focusing on products, HMCL has banked on roping in popular personalities like movie stars (Ranbir Kapoor, Alia Bhatt, Hrithik Roshan, Tiger Woods). This along with higher frequency of advertisements has led to higher advertising spend for HMCL. HMCL advertising has also been led by the desire to break into premium segment. Unlike BJAUT, which is a well known brand in the premium segment, HMCL is known for executive/entry level bikes. On the other hand, BJAUT dominates the premium segment. Source: Media articles, Centrum Research 18 Cash flow generation – BJAUT significantly better FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 Cumulative FY10-15 27,380 16,120 1,678 14,442 32,837 31,709 3,678 28,031 32,103 21,338 5,285 16,053 34,229 35,452 2,547 32,906 34,214 21,408 2,952 18,456 160,764 126,028 16,140 109,889 24,101 22,390 3,610 18,780 0 34,755 23,385 5,034 18,351 8,167 32,599 18,785 6,004 12,781 7,477 32,164 29,516 9,328 20,188 6,854 30,806 22,389 11,530 10,859 2,873 154,425 116,465 35,505 80,960 25,370 Adjusted free cash flow generation (Rs mn) Adjusted free cash flow / OCF (%) 40,000 BJAUT 88% 100% 30,000 90% HMCL BJAUT 84% HMCL 28% 40% 10,000 20% 0 FY12 FY13 Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research 19 44% 60% 45% 80% 20,000 86% Payment of deferred credits 36% Hero MotoCorp Cash Profit Adj. OCF Purchase of Fixed Assets FCF 93% Bajaj Auto Cash Profit Adj. OCF Purchase of Fixed Assets FCF HMCL reported FCF during FY12-15, including write-back of royalty amortisation paid to Honda. Adjusted for this, HMCL generated FCF of Rs37bn, 61% lower than what BJAUT generated during similar period. Going forward, HMCL has guided for annual capex of Rs1113bn, keeping free cash flow generation subdued. 75% (Rs mn) FY14 FY15 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 Adjusted ROE comparison shows that real difference is trivial HMCL’s return ratios appear better than BJAUT. However, as the royalty payment to Honda was included in depreciation and amortisation, the same depressed the PAT and net worth. To bring both companies on a common plane, we have adjusted HMCL’s PAT and net worth for royalty payment to HMCL. The table below shows a convergence in return ratios, once HMCL is adjusted for royalty payment. (Rs mn) Bajaj Auto ROE (%) Hero MotoCorp Reported ROE (%) Payment of deferred credit as deducted (Rs mn) Adjusted PAT (Rs mn) Adjusted Net Worth (Rs mn) Adjusted ROE Source: Annual Reports, Centrum Research 20 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 53 52 39 34 29 30 63 66 46 40 42 43 0 8,167 7,477 6,854 2,873 0 20,077 30,380 27,223 26,629 27,729 31,324 29,561 49,498 62,703 74,178 85,914 100,415 68 61 43 36 32 31 Bajaj R&D – Proven track record Bajaj launched Pulsar in 2001 with the tagline – ‘Definitely Male’. The bike instantly gained traction in the premium segment. In 2003, Bajaj refreshed the bikes (150cc/180cc) with DTS-i engine – an engine with two spark plugs. For the first time in the world, this engine was used in a small capacity 2W engine. Even Honda has doubted the benefits of using twin spark plugs in small capacity engines. Nonetheless, the results were spectacular – DTS-i gave 18% better fuel economy and 12% more power. The team has had its share of misses as well. Despite almost all launches under the Pulsar brand being well received in the market, the team has been unable to crack the executive segment with its Discover bikes range. 2500 1.20 R&D Spend (Revenue, Rs Mn) R&D Spend (As a % of sales) 1.00 2000 0.80 1500 0.60 1000 0.40 500 0.20 0.00 0 FY11 FY11 FY12 FY13 BJAUT Source: Company, Centrum Research 21 HMCL FY14 FY12 FY13 FY15 BJAUT HMCL FY14 FY15 Hero R&D – Ramping up rapidly, though headwinds prevail Hero is rapidly ramping up its R&D footprint, but it might not be easy Over the years, HMCL has been dependent on Honda for technology inputs. While the company is making huge investments to ramp up its R&D, we primarily see two risks: 22 The teams will have an initial learning phase, and this might impact the market share in next few years. At some point, HMCL will have to revamp its product range and supplement it with in-house developed products/engines. Consequently, we clearly see a product risk as HMCL transitions from Honda sourced technology/engines to in-house developed technology/engines. While Splendor/Passion remain the mainstay of HMCL, it is concerning that none of the last few launches in the >125cc segment have worked for the company. More importantly, while BJAUT has completely overhauled the Pulsar range (with design inputs from KTM), HMCL continues to broadly follow the design theme/engines set-ups provided by Honda. New launches in motorcycle segment – Track record Engine size (cc) Volume performance Jan 16-Mar 16 average monthly volumes Hero Karizma ZMR 220 Subdued 96 Xtreme Sports 150 Subdued Xtreme 150 Subdued Ignitor 125 Subdued 1,828 Passion Pro TR 100 Subdued NA Splendor ismart 100 Well received NA 150/220 Well received 27,908 V15 150 Well received 8,987 (2 months) Pulsar RS200 200 Well received NA 150/200 Subdued NA 200 Well received NA 100/125/150 Subdued 11,860 100 Well received 43,887 Product Hero MotoCorp 1,823 Bajaj Auto New Avenger series Pulsar AS 200/150 Pulsar NS 200 Discover variants CT100 Source: Centrum Research BJAUT’s recent models have been well received, whereas almost all launches by HMCL in the motorcycle segment (except i-smart) have failed to make a mark in the market. 23 BJAUT – Offering consumers the best VFM BJAUT bikes in premium segment come across as best VFM product in the market. Premium segment accounts for 53% of domestic 2W volumes (4QFY16) and is one of the key segments supporting 2W volume growth going forward. This again is a product of a dedicated R&D team, which has helped BJAUT maintain its domination in the premium segment. Price Per BHP for models in >150cc segment (top 5) Price per BHP (Rs) 4500 4400 4300 4200 4100 4000 3900 3800 Pulsar NS200 Apache RTR 200 4V Source: Media Articles, Company, Centrum Research 24 Avenger 220 Street Pulsar 220F Apache RTR 180 Business outlook Objective – To understand and assess near-term growth momentum. 25 BJAUT domestic volume growth – On a steady ground Uptick in BJAUT premium segment volumes 250 184 200 4QFY16 Premium 202 250 190 215 300 Executive 216 Entry Domestic 2W volume mix 2QFY16 3QFY16 50 36 60 100 68 150 0 4QFY16 Entry Executive Premium Source: Company, SIAM, Centrum Research New launches in premium segment: Refreshed Avenger and recently launched ‘V15’ have been well received in the market. Pulsar 150 – a refreshed version of the largest selling bike in 150cc segment – is on its way. The company would launch a 390cc variant, further expanding the product range. We believe entry-level volumes could significantly improve on the back of normal monsoons and recovery in rural demand. The management expects domestic 3W FY17 volume growth to be supported by issuance of 50-60k additional permits. 26 Upgraded Avenger catching consumer fancy Aided by new model launches, increasing consumer interest and growing distribution, Royal Enfield (the only other bike in the cruiser segment) volumes have grown at 61% CAGR over FY13-16. Bajaj launched a refreshed Avenger in Nov 2015 which has been very well received. From 18% volume CAGR during FY13-15, Avenger volumes have more than tripled in FY16 (compared to FY15). It reported volume of 84k in 4QFY16, up 6x YoY/2x QoQ. The refreshed Avenger boasts of aggressive styling and comes with twin engine (150cc, 220cc) and twin styling (street and cruise) options. Earlier, only one variant was available (220cc). 35000 Avenger dispatches (units) 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 Source: Company, SIAM, Centrum Research 27 Mar-16 Feb-16 Jan-16 Dec-15 Nov-15 Oct-15 Sep-15 Aug-15 Jul-15 Jun-15 May-15 Apr-15 0 V15 – Started on a robust note V15 – A combination of innovative marketing and aggressive styling & pricing has helped V15 start on a strong note. Lower price tag has helped BJAUT pull customers from the upper end of executive segment, a strategy it was unable to execute with Discover 150. The company dispatched c. 1,442/16,532/24,054 units in the first three months (Feb/Mar/Apr). Although V15 is priced at c. 10% discount to Pulsar 150, we do not expect the same to be margin dilutive, given a) detuned engine (12PS against 15PS in Pulsar 150), lack of features like PM meter, adjustable rear shock absorber and smaller fuel tank (13L vs 15L). Also, the bike is lightweight, with kerb weight of 135.5kg (144kg for Pulsar 150). V15 is already among the top 10 bikes sold in India (April 2016). Bajaj V15 vs competition Bajaj V15 Bajaj Pulsar Hero Honda 150 Xtreme 150 Unicorn Engine size (cc) 150 150 149 149 Power (PS) 12 15 16 13 Kerb weight (kg) 136 144 146 146 Price (Rs '000) 63 70 69 73 Source: Company, Centrum Research 28 Exports – Medium- to long-term potential intact BJAUT continues to enter new markets, diversifying its base. However, during FY13-15, the volume contribution from Africa reduced from 47% to 43%. In most export markets (particularly Africa), there are no domestic players, so all players face the headwinds. As per the management, the company has leadership position in majority of its markets and continues to consolidate its position. Of all markets it had presence in, BJAUT is the largest or second largest seller in 20 markets. Boxer is the No.1 brand in Africa among all competitors. Geography-wise export mix Africa Latam Europe 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 47% 46% 43% FY13 FY14 FY15 0% In terms of model mix, the company’s sales mix in exports has improved. Premium segment volume contribution in exports also increased by c. 400bps in FY16. As on Mar’16, the company had presence in more than 75 export markets (35 in FY12) and had identified c. 23 new markets for expansion in the medium to long term. Asia - ME Exports ('000 units) Export contribution (%,… 2,000 50% 1,600 40% 1,200 30% 800 20% Source: Company, Centrum Research 29 FY16 FY15 FY14 FY13 FY12 FY11 FY10 FY09 FY08 400 HMCL – Splendor/Passion remain the mainstay Monsoons – an important trigger Despite strong growth in scooter volumes, its volume contribution stands at 13.5% (FY16). In motorcycles segment, entry and executive segment accounts for 98% of the volumes. This segment is most leveraged to rural demand. While the initial indications of monsoons are encouraging, the devil is in details – distribution in terms of time and area. The famed Splendor/Passion continue to account for 75% of motorcycle volumes (average 75% for FY13-15), impacted by HMCL’s inability to grow any other brand. Premium segment accounts for c. 2% of motorcycle volumes. Source: Company, Centrum Research 30 Volume growth assumptions BJAUT 2W Domestic – Volume growth of c. 18% in FY17 on the back of 45% growth in premium segment (average monthly volume of c. 98.5k for FY17 against 68k in FY16 and 91k in Mar’16), 34% decline in executive segment volumes (c. average monthly volumes of 13k against 20k in FY16 and c. 13k in Mar’16) and 7% volumes in entrylevel segment (risk to upside given its exposure to rural demand). 3W – 8% growth in domestic Exports – Flat volumes for FY17 4Ws – Assuming volumes of c. 10k for FY17 Overall – 10.4% growth in FY17 HMCL Motorcycle – Assuming volume growth of 6.5% in FY17, supported by recovery in rural demand Scooter – Assuming c. 25% growth in FY17 led by recent launches (Duet/Maestro Edge) and capacity expansion Overall – 9% growth in FY17 31 Valuation Financial and valuation snapshot FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17E FY18E -10.1 1.3 6.6 -13.2 29.8 9.3 18.0 Adj Oper CF / EV Yield (%) 7.5 4.7 6.9 4.4 4.9 8.3 7.8 Free Cash flow / EV Yield (%) 6.7 3.6 6.4 3.8 4.6 7.8 7.2 ROE (%) 55 44 37 28 32 30 30 15.5 17.1 18.6 20.7 19.0 19.1 16.2 23.4 -10.9 -0.4 13.1 31.3 10.8 12.6 Adj Oper CF / EV Yield (%) 6.2 6.9 7.2 4.5 7.2 7.9 8.4 Free Cash flow / EV Yield (%) 4.9 4.7 4.9 2.2 4.9 5.8 6.0 ROE (%) 66 46 40 42 43 40 39 17.3 14.5 21.5 20.7 18.8 18.2 16.2 Bajaj Auto PAT Growth (%) PE (x) Hero MotoCorp PAT Growth (%) PE (x) Source: Annual Reports, Bloomberg, Centrum Research We believe BJAUT deserves to trade at a premium to HMCL, given a) better corporate governance, b) higher margins, c) higher free cash flow generation and d) converging ratios (as discussed in slide 20). 32 Overall assessment – Advantage Bajaj Score Parameter Corporate Governance Standards Quality of earnings Business Outlook Overall Assessment Attribute BJAUT HMCL Promoter compensation Equity ownership Board composure vs equity ownership Independent directors 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 Related Party Transactions 1 1 Contingent liabilities 1 2 Sub-Total 9 7 Margin Profile 2 1 Free Cash flow generation 2 1 Return ratios – ROE 1 1 R&D 2 1 Sub-Total 7 4 Volume outlook 1 1 Grand Total 17 12 We assign a score of 2 to company that is better in a particular attribute and 1 to the other company. In case of a comparable performance we assign a score of 1 to both companies. We assign colours to each company on all attributes, with green indicating better performance. We note that BJAUT scores well above HMCL in both business factors and corporate governance standards. Source: Centrum Research, Score – 2 for company which is better and 1 for other; 1 each in case of a comparable performance. BJAUT scores well above HMCL based on our detailed overall assessment. 33 BJAUT – Profit & Loss Y/E Mar (Rs mn) FY14 FY15 FY16E FY17E FY18E Net Sales 202,908 216,880 227,526 262,053 313,780 Raw Materials 138,685 148,613 150,619 177,093 214,662 % of sales 68.3 68.5 66.2 67.6 68.4 Personnel 6,965 8,652 8,832 9,867 10,792 % of sales 3.4 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.4 14,788 17,689 19,630 22,185 25,681 7.3 8.2 8.6 8.5 8.2 42,470 41,925 48,446 52,908 62,645 EBITDA Margin (%) 20.9 19.3 21.3 20.2 20.0 Depn..& Amortn 1,796 2,674 3,072 3,224 3,389 40,674 39,251 45,374 49,684 59,256 5 65 5 5 5 40,669 39,187 45,369 49,679 59,251 5,652 5,064 8,482 9,025 10,006 PBT 46,321 44,251 53,852 58,704 69,257 Tax-Total 13,887 12,711 17,328 18,785 22,162 30.0 28.7 32.2 32.0 32.0 32,433 31,540 36,524 39,919 47,095 - 3,403 - - - 32,433 28,137 36,524 39,919 47,095 Manufact. & Other Exp. % of sales EBITDA EBIT Interest Expenses EBT Other Income Tax Rate (%) - Total Reported PAT Extraord. items -Adj. Adjusted PAT Source: Company, Centrum Research Estimates 34 Y/E Mar (Rs mn) SOURCES OF FUNDS Capital Reserves & Surplus Shareholders’ Funds Total Loan Funds Deferred Tax Liabi. - Net Total APPLICATION OF FUNDS Gross Block Accumulated Dep. Capital WIP Net Fixed Assets Investments Inventories Sundry Debtors Other current assets Cash & Bank Balances Loans and Advances Total Current Assets, Loans & Adv. Current Liabilities Provisions Total Current Liab. & Prov. Net Current Assets Total assets FY14 FY15 FY16E FY17E FY18E 2,894 93,187 96,080 592 1,432 98,104 2,894 104,028 106,922 1,124 1,416 109,461 2,894 120,023 122,917 1,625 1,883 126,424 2,894 139,715 142,608 1,625 1,883 146,116 2,894 166,582 169,476 1,625 1,883 172,983 40,770 (20,710) 1,441 21,501 85,496 6,397 7,962 4,181 4,955 16,984 41,009 (21,837) 2,549 21,722 91,533 8,142 7,170 3,469 5,862 17,727 45,059 (24,908) 629 20,779 95,127 7,191 7,179 2,320 8,715 15,418 48,388 (28,132) 629 20,884 112,127 9,845 8,439 3,520 21,098 23,101 52,017 (31,521) 629 21,125 129,627 14,324 10,111 4,720 27,480 27,679 40,479 42,368 40,822 66,001 84,313 29,635 19,737 26,242 19,920 26,614 3,690 29,796 23,101 34,402 27,679 49,372 46,162 30,304 52,897 62,081 (8,893) 98,104 (3,794) 109,461 10,518 126,424 13,105 146,116 22,232 172,983 BJAUT – Cash Flow Y/E Mar (Rs mn) FY14 FY15 FY16E FY17E FY18E Pre-tax profit 46,321 44,251 53,852 58,704 69,257 Total tax paid (13,607) (12,727) (16,861) (18,785) (22,162) Depreciation 1,796 2,674 3,072 3,224 3,389 Chg in debtors (286) 793 (10) (1,259) (1,672) (34) (1,744) 951 (2,654) (4,479) (2,048) 712 1,149 (1,200) (1,200) Chg in creditors 3,036 (2,861) 872 3,183 4,606 Chg in provisions 2,312 183 (16,230) 19,410 4,578 Net chg in working capital Cash flow from operating activities (a) Capital expenditure 3,738 (3,661) (10,958) 9,796 (2,745) 38,248 30,537 29,104 52,939 47,738 (2,317) (2,895) (2,129) (3,329) (3,629) Chg in inventory Chg in other current assets Chg in Trade investments Cash flow from investing activities (b) Debt raised/(repaid) (31,984) (6,851) 6,407 (7,000) (7,500) (23,509) (8,932) (5,722) (20,329) (21,129) - - Dividend (incl. tax) (16,930) (16,856) (18,541) (20,227) (20,227) 1,509 326 (1,988) (15,421) (16,529) (20,529) (20,227) (20,227) 46,321 44,251 53,852 58,704 69,257 Other financing activities Cash flow from financing activities (c) Net chg in cash (a+b+c) Source: Company, Centrum Research Estimates 35 BJAUT – Ratios Y/E Mar FY14 FY15 FY16E FY17E FY18E Y/E Mar FY14 FY15 FY16E FY17E FY18E 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.9) (0.9) (0.8) (0.9) (0.9) 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.4 Dividend per share 50.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 60.0 Dividend Payout (%) 44.6 45.9 43.6 43.5 36.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.3 Basic EPS 112.1 109.0 126.2 138.0 162.7 Fully diluted EPS 112.1 97.2 126.2 138.0 162.7 Cash earnings per share 118.3 118.2 136.8 149.1 174.5 Book value per share 332.0 369.5 424.8 492.8 585.7 18.6 20.7 19.0 19.1 16.2 6.3 5.5 5.7 5.4 4.5 12.1 11.6 12.2 12.0 9.7 Adj Oper CF / EV Yield 6.9 4.4 4.9 8.4 7.8 EV/Sales 2.5 2.2 2.6 2.4 1.9 Gearing Ratio (x) Growth Ratio (%) Revenue 0.7 6.9 4.9 15.2 19.7 Debt-equity EBITDA 11.9 (1.3) 15.6 9.2 18.4 Net debt-equity 6.6 (2.8) 15.8 9.3 18.0 Current ratio PAT Dividend Margin Ratios (%) EBITDA Margin 20.9 19.3 21.3 20.2 20.0 EBIT Margin 20.0 18.1 19.9 19.0 18.9 PAT Margin 16.0 13.0 16.1 15.2 15.0 ROE 37.0 27.7 31.8 30.1 30.2 ROCE 36.2 30.4 31.0 29.3 29.5 ROIC 302.7 283.8 177.6 190.5 280.1 Return Ratios (%) Turnover Ratios (days) Inventory Period 11 14 11 14 16 Debtors Period 14 12 11 12 12 Creditor Period 67.4 54.7 54.2 52.0 50.0 (33.4) (25.8) (10.9) (40.0) (37.5) Net working capital Source: Company, Centrum Research Estimates 36 Dividend Yield (%) Per share Ratios (Rs) Valuation (x) P/E P/BV EV/EBITDA HMCL – Profit & Loss Y/E Mar (Rs mn) FY14 FY15 FY16E FY17E FY18E Net Sales 251,249 273,506 283,574 319,200 363,772 Raw Materials 182,299 197,539 193,149 221,205 254,641 % of sales 72.6 72.2 68.1 69.3 70.0 Personnel 9,300 11,729 13,196 14,204 15,642 % of sales 3.7 4.3 4.7 4.5 4.3 25,755 31,163 35,178 37,306 40,778 10.3 11.4 12.4 11.7 11.2 33,895 33,075 42,051 46,484 52,711 13.5 12.1 14.8 14.6 14.5 Depn..& Amortn 11,074 5,400 4,414 5,121 5,877 EBIT 22,821 27,675 37,637 41,363 46,834 (377) (380) (543) (601) (663) 23,198 28,055 38,180 41,963 47,497 5,474 6,784 5,766 6,919 7,957 28,672 34,838 43,946 48,883 55,455 7,582 9,432 12,622 14,176 16,359 26.4 27.1 28.7 29.0 29.5 21,091 23,856 31,324 34,707 39,095 - (1,550) - - - 21,091 25,407 31,324 34,707 39,095 Manufact. & Other Exp. % of sales EBITDA EBITDA Margin (%) Interest Expenses EBT Other Income PBT Tax-Total Tax Rate (%) - Total Reported PAT Extraord. items -Adj. Adjusted PAT Source: Company, Centrum Research Estimates 37 Y/E Mar (Rs mn) SOURCES OF FUNDS Capital Reserves & Surplus Shareholders’ Funds Total Loan Funds Deferred Tax Liabi. - Net Total APPLICATION OF FUNDS Gross Block Accumulated Dep. Capital WIP Net Fixed Assets Investments Inventories Sundry Debtors Other current assets Cash & Bank Balances Loans and Advances Total Current Assets, Loans & Adv. Current Liabilities Provisions Total Current Liab. & Prov. Net Current Assets Total assets FY14 FY15 FY16E FY17E FY18E 399 55,599 55,999 245 (1,060) 55,183 399 65,014 65,413 313 (735) 64,991 399 79,515 79,914 313 (735) 79,492 399 93,193 93,593 313 (2) 93,904 399 108,924 109,323 313 830 110,466 69,089 (46,657) 8,541 30,974 40,888 6,696 9,206 699 1,175 10,277 81,140 (52,013) 7,126 36,252 31,541 8,155 13,896 1,200 1,593 11,845 95,943 (56,319) 4,797 44,421 42,664 6,730 12,828 1,532 571 13,919 109,240 (61,440) 3,277 51,077 47,164 7,871 14,430 1,685 8,328 15,641 122,017 (67,317) 3,661 58,360 54,164 9,468 16,444 1,853 11,560 17,825 28,052 36,688 35,579 47,954 57,151 28,787 15,943 31,494 7,997 34,742 8,430 39,249 13,042 44,829 14,380 44,730 39,490 43,172 52,291 59,209 (16,678) 55,183 (2,802) 64,991 (7,593) 79,492 (4,337) 93,904 (2,058) 110,466 HMCL – Cash Flow Y/E Mar (Rs mn) FY14 FY15 FY16E FY17E FY18E Pre-tax profit 28,672 34,838 43,946 48,883 55,455 Total tax paid (9,966) (9,432) (12,622) (13,443) (15,527) Depreciation 11,074 5,400 4,414 5,121 5,877 Chg in debtors (2,556) (4,690) 1,068 (1,602) (2,015) Chg in inventory (328) (1,459) 1,425 (1,141) (1,597) Chg in loans and advances 3,059 (1,568) (2,074) (1,722) (2,184) Chg in other current assets (15) (501) (332) (153) (168) Chg in creditors 4,173 5,513 696 4,507 5,580 Chg in provisions 1,545 (7,946) 433 4,612 1,338 (2,996) (2,806) 2,552 - - Net chg in working capital 2,882 (13,458) 3,769 4,502 953 Other operating activities Cash flow from operating activities (a) Capital expenditure 2,429 (1,648) - - - 35,091 15,700 39,507 45,063 46,757 (10,717) (10,679) (12,583) (11,777) (13,161) Chg in other current liabilities Chg in Trade investments Cash flow from investing activities (b) Debt raised/(repaid) (4,649) 9,347 (11,123) (4,500) (7,000) (15,366) (1,332) (23,706) (16,277) (20,161) (2,777) 69 - - - Dividend (incl. tax) (15,199) (14,019) (16,823) (21,028) (23,365) (2,384) (1) - - - (20,360) (13,951) (16,823) (21,028) (23,365) (635) 417 (1,022) 7,757 3,232 Other financing activities Cash flow from financing activities (c) Net chg in cash (a+b+c) Source: Company, Centrum Research Estimates 38 HMCL – Ratios Y/E Mar FY14 FY15 FY16E FY17E FY18E Y/E Mar FY14 FY15 FY16E FY17E FY18E 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0.7) (0.5) (0.5) (0.6) (0.6) 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.0 Gearing Ratio (x) Growth Ratio (%) Debt-equity Revenue 6.5 8.9 3.7 12.6 14.0 EBITDA 9.4 (2.4) 27.1 10.5 13.4 (0.4) 13.1 31.3 10.8 12.6 Dividend per share 13.5 12.1 14.8 14.6 14.5 65.1 60.0 72.0 90.0 100.0 Dividend Payout (%) EBIT Margin 9.1 10.1 13.3 13.0 12.9 72.1 55.2 53.7 60.6 59.8 Dividend Yield (%) 2.1 1.9 2.3 2.8 3.2 PAT Margin 8.4 9.3 11.0 10.9 10.7 Per share Ratios (Rs) Basic EPS 105.6 119.5 156.9 173.8 195.8 38.5 Fully diluted EPS 105.6 127.2 156.9 173.8 195.8 161.1 154.3 179.0 199.4 225.2 280.4 327.6 400.2 468.7 547.4 P/E 21.5 20.7 18.8 18.2 16.2 P/BV 11.3 9.7 7.9 6.8 5.8 EV/EBITDA 12.2 14.9 13.0 12.4 10.8 Adj Oper CF / EV Yield 7.2 4.5 7.2 7.8 8.2 EV/Sales 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.6 PAT Margin Ratios (%) EBITDA Margin Return Ratios (%) ROE 39.8 41.9 43.1 40.0 Net debt-equity Current ratio Dividend ROCE 38.0 41.8 42.8 39.5 37.8 Cash earnings per share ROIC 113.9 89.7 78.8 78.7 79.4 Book value per share Valuation (x) Turnover Ratios (days) Inventory Period 10 11 9 9 9 Debtors Period 13 18 16 16 16 Creditor Period 38.5 43.1 44.0 45.0 46.0 Net working capital (27.3) Source: Company, Centrum Research Estimates 39 (7.9) (11.1) (23.7) (24.9) Thank You 40 Disclaimer This report/document has been prepared by Centrum, based upon information available to the public and sources, believed to be reliable. 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