ASI QAM modulator

Maintain a current Line Diagram
of your headend.
Include: the following
Program
CHANNEL LISTING
DISCOVERY
E!
LIFETIME REAL WOMAN
LIFETIME MOVIE NETWORK
LIFETIME
FOOD
HISTORY (usa)
HGTV
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC
HBO
SHOWTIME
SCIFI
DISCOVERY HEALTH
FOX SOCCER CHANNEL
GAME SHOW NETWORK
CBS
ABC
CITY TV
CBC
TBS
DISNEY
MTV
TRAVEL CHANNEL
TEMPO
EWTN
THE WORD NETWORK
TBN
BET
ENCORE WESTERNS EAST
ENCORE DRAMA
ARTS
STARZ EDGE
STARZ EAST
A&E
NBC
AMC
CW11
SPIKE TV
MSNBC
CNN
TNT (USA)
USA
CARTOON NETWORK
HEADLINE NEWS
TRU TV
CARIBVISION
CNN INTERNATIONAL
ESPN INTERNATIONAL
TNT INTERNATIONAL
SPORTSMAX
RE TV
ESPN 2 CARIBBEAN
BBC
DW
3ABN
NICK
TV CHILE
TCM
CCN TV6
Gayelle
NCC
CNMG
TOBAGO CHANNEL 5
Satellite
A/V
AMC 10 / C4/F4
AMC 10 / C4/F4
AMC 11 /C3/F3
AMC 11 /C3/F3
AMC 11 /C3/F3
AMC 11 /C3/F3
AMC 18 / W5
AMC 18 / W5
AMC 18 / W5
AMC 18 / W5
AMC 18 / W5
AMC 18 / W5
AMC 18 /C3/F3
AMC 18 / W5
AMC 18 / W5
AMC 3 / W3
AMC 3 / W3
AMC 3 / W3
AMC 3 / W3
DISH NETWORK
DISH NETWORK
DISH NETWORK
DISH NETWORK
GALAXY 11/GO
GALAXY 11/G7
GALAXY 11/G7
GALAXY 14 / G5
GALAXY 14 / G5
GALAXY 15 / G1
GALAXY 15 / G1
GALAXY 15 / G1
GALAXY 15 / G1
GALAXY 15 / G1
GALAXY 3C/G3
GALAXY 3C/G3
GALAXY 3C/G3
GALAXY 3C/G3
GALAXY 3C/G3
GALAXY 3C/G3
GALAXY 3C/G3
GALAXY 3C/G3
GALAXY 3C/G3
GALAXY 3C/G3
GALAXY 3C/G3
GALAXY 3C/G3
INTELSAT 14
INTELSAT 3R
INTELSAT 3R
INTELSAT 3R
INTELSAT 805
INTELSAT 805
INTELSAT 9
INTELSAT 9
INTELSAT 9
INTELSAT 9
INTELSAT 9
INTELSAT 9
INTESAT 3R
LOCAL / UHF
LOCAL / UHF
LOCAL / UHF
LOCAL / VHF
RF
Frequency MHz
3980
3820
3780
3780
3780
3880
3860
3820
3880
3900
3900
3960
4020
4060
3850
3850
4132
4132
-
4040
4014
3720
4100
3760
3760
38163960
3960
3720
3720
3720
3720
3720
3720
3840
3840
3840
3840
3840
3840
3991
4040
4106
3785
3735
3735
3800
3840
3840
3933
4080
4107
3780
500-506
524-530
482-488
560-566
14
6
4
4
4
9
6
6
9
10
10
13
18
18
18
13
13
21
21
11
15
1
20
3
3
5
15
15
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
7
7
7
7
7
A36CV
AE12C
AE13C
AE4C
11
11
5
8
8
11
19
22
AE4C
current
Format
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
ASI
ASI
ASI
ASI
NO
NO
NO
NO
ASI
ASI
NO
ASI
ASI
NO
NO
ASI
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
ASI
NO
ASI
NO
ASI
ASI
NO
NO
NO
FTA
ASI
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
DIGICHIPHER 2
DVB ( Power Vu )
DVB ( Power Vu ) D9850
DVB ( Power Vu ) D9850
DVB ( Power Vu )D9850
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DSR-410
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DSR-410
DSR-410
DSR-410
DSR-410
4DTV
DSR-410
DSR-410
DIGICHIPHER 2
DIGICHIPHER 2
DVB ( Power Vu )
DVB ( Power Vu )
DISH NETWORK
DISH NETWORK
DISH NETWORK
DISH NETWORK
DSR4410
D9850
DVB ( Power Vu ) old RX
DVB ( Power Vu )
DIGICHIPHER 2
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DVB ( Power Vu )
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DIGICHIPHER 2 (4DTV)
DVB ( Power Vu )
DVB ( Power Vu )
DVB ( Power Vu )
DVB ( Power Vu )
DVB ( Power Vu )
DVB ( Power Vu )
DVB
DVB ( Power Vu )
DVB ( Power Vu )
DVB ( Power Vu )
DVB ( Power Vu )
DVB ( IRDETO )
DVB ( Power Vu )
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
ANALOG
Active ASI
outputs
Receiver
Has DSR with ASI out
Has PowerVu with ASI out
No action
No action
D9850 becomes available #1
Will use the NEW D9828 for these 3 programs D9850 becomes available #2
D9850 becomes available #3
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 1
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 2
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 3
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 4
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 5
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 6
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 7
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 8
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 9
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 10
DSR4402X with ASI becomes available
Will use the new DSR4410MD delivered
already
DSR4410 with ASI becomes available
D9850 becomes available #4
Will use NEW D9828 for these 2 programs
D9850 becomes available #5
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 11
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 12
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 1
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 2
Has DSR with ASI out
No Action
Has D9850 with ASI out
No Action
Needs new RX
#1 D9850 used
Has D9850 with ASI out
No Action
Has DSR with ASI out
No Action
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 3
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 4
Has D9850 with ASI out
No Action
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 5
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 6
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 7
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 8
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 9
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 10
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 11
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 12
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 1
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 2
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 3
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 4
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 5
SDE-24 encoder
ENCODE 6
Has D9850 with ASI out
No Action
Needs D9850
#2 D9850 is used
Has D9850 with ASI out
No Action
Needs D9850
#3 D9850 is used
Has D9850 with ASI out
No Action
Has D9850 with ASI out
No Action
Needs D9850
#4 D9850 is used
Will use NEW D9828 for these 2 programs
Need new FTA receiver with ASI out
Has D9850 with ASI out
SDE-24 encoder
Needs D9850
SDE-24 encoder
SDE-24 encoder
SDE-24 encoder
SDE-24 encoder
SDE-24 encoder
Need to purchase new D9850
Wellave UMH 150
No action
ENCODE 7
#5 D9850 is used
ENCODE 8
ENCODE 9
ENCODE 10
ENCODE 11
ENCODE 12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Number
Program
Name
Data Rate.
(change as
needed)
4.5Mbps
4.5Mbps
4.5Mbps
4.5Mbps
4.5Mbps
4.5Mbps
4.5Mbps
Virtual
Channel #
QAM
Channel #
Source ASI
QAM
Short Name or Encoder
Center
7 characters Chassis /
Frequency
card
DTA # - Port
#
I P address
to Edge
QAM
MPEG-2 (Motion Picture Experts Group)
standard 2 is a compression standard for
digital television.
MPEG-2 compression enables digital
television broadcasters to transmit video
streams with higher resolution and audio
streams with higher quality sound while
using as little bandwidth as possible
H.264/MPEG-4 Part 10 or AVC (Advanced Video Coding) is a standard for video compression, and is
currently one of the most commonly used formats for the recording, compression, and distribution of high
definition video. The final drafting work on the first version of the standard was completed in May 2003.
H.264/MPEG-4 AVC is a block-oriented motion-compensation based codec standard developed by the ITU-T Video Coding
Experts Group (VCEG) together with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) and Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). It was the product of a partnership effort known as the Joint
Video Team (JVT). The ITU-T H.264 standard and the ISO/IEC MPEG-4 AVC standard (formally, ISO/IEC 14496-10 – MPEG4 Part 10, Advanced Video Coding) are jointly maintained so that they have identical technical content.
H.264 is perhaps best known as being one of the codec standards for Blu-ray Discs ; all Blu-ray Disc players must be able to
decode H.264. It is also widely used by streaming internet sources, such as videos from YouTube , and the iTunes Store, web
software such as the Adobe Flash Player and Microsoft Silverlight, broadcast services for DVB -broadcast satellite television
services, cable television services, and real-time videoconferencing.
HD/SDI and SD/SDI
Broadcast quality video – RAW
uncompressed, unencrypted digital video signals
Serial Digital Interface (SDI) is a standard for digital video transmission over coaxial cable . The
most common data speed is 270 megabits per second (Mbps) on SD/SDI or HD-SDI (1.45 Gbit/s).
Standard 75-ohm cable is used with BNC connectors.
ASI is a streaming data format which o carries an COMPRESSED MPEG Transport Stream
(MPEG TS).
*An ASI signal can carry one stream , also know as SPTS (single Program Transport stream) or
Multiple Program Transport Stream (MPTS) SD, HD or audio programs that are already
compressed.
not like an uncompressed SD-SDI(270 Mbit) or HD-SDI (1.45 Gbit). An ASI signal can be at
varying transmission speeds and is completely dependent on the user's setup requirements.
the ASI signal is the final product of video compression, either MPEG2 or MPEG4, ready for
transmission to a transmitter or microwave system or other device. Sometimes it is also
converted to fiber, RF or other types of transmission.
There are two transmission formats commonly used by the ASI interface: the 188 byte
format and the 204 byte format.
The 188 byte format is the more common ASI transport stream.
Digital
Video
Information
Digital
Audio
Encoding
HD/SDI and SD/SDI vs. ASI
– Understand the differences
• Compression
– The compression characteristics of ASI make it very
useful
– Space cost money - compression saves space - saving
space saves money
• ASI stream manipulation
– Changing things about the stream
• Bit rates, channel mapping, program info, display
info, ect…
Multiplexing an ASI Stream
Encoder A
IRD B
ASI - STPS
ASI - MPTS
ASI-MPTS
Encoder C
1 ASI
Transport
Stream
Multiple
Programs
ASI
Multiplexing :
Multiplexing an ASI Stream
Most GUI interfaces will give
you some of the same options
as our sample. FIG 1 shows
port 3 having only 1 STREAM .
Is as Easy as Selecting the
stream you want to pass .
If multiple stream are
available you will see a
complete list of the streams.
Multiplexing an ASI Stream
The Main advantage of
multiplexing is the capability
to create your own channel
map add scrambling and
other information to the
incoming stream.
Always take in consideration
the data rate capability for
processing this stream.
Heading
Purpose
Port
the number of each active port is listed
Service ID
Scramble
identification of the program/channel
A yes/no flag if the service is scrambled
Name
the nameof the service (channel) being
streamed on this port
Channel Mapping
mtv
Channel
12
10100
10110
Binary code: a series of 1’s and 0’s
that make up a digital stream
espn
hbo
abc
cbs
Channel
65
Channel
31
Channel
5
Channel
27
01001
00111
11001
10111
Multiplexing an ASI Stream
QAM Modulation:
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
A method for imprinting digital signals onto a carrier for transportation from one place, such
as a cable headend, to another, such as a home. The advantage of QAM is the ability to
multiplex multiple programs on a standard 6 MHz channel. In a QAM 256 system 38.8 Mbit
of data can be transmitted. QAM-64 afforded about 28.85 Mbit per channel, but is more
tolerant of noise in the distribution system
Today most systems generally use 256-QAM modulation. Even though the technique is
called quadrature amplitude modulation, it also involves the use of "phase modulation.
What happens, loosely, is this: Digital bits are grouped into symbols, which are then
imprinted onto a carrier by manipulating two transmission characteristics: Amplitude
(power) and phase (frequency shape). The advantage of this dual modulation is the ability
to stuff twice as much information into the transmission channel, at the same time.
QAM Modulation:
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
The Beauty of the Program
Capacity of 1 QAM 256 Channel = 38.8 Mb/s*
In the world of MPEG-2 a HD Program should run at approximately 15
Mb/s
SD programming approximately 4 Mb/s
(x=HD programs; y=SD programs)
15(x) + 4(y) < 38.8
*Mb/s – Megabit per second (unit of measure of data transfer
HD
Program
HD
Program
SD
Program
2 HD and
1 SD can be
digitally
muxed and
modulated
on a single
256 QAM
channel
HD
Program
HD
Program
HD
Program
HD
Program
SD
Program
SD
Program
4 HD and
2 SD can be
digitally
muxed and
modulated
on a single
256 QAM
channel
(34.0 Mbit)
“Programs” vs. “Channels”
Understand the difference
Bit rate of a Program
High Definition (HD) vs. Standard Definition (SD)
Recommended HD – 15 Mb/s MPEG2; SD – 4Mb/s MPEG 2
Recommended HD – 7.5 Mb/s MPEG4; SD – 1.5Mb/s MPEG 4
Capacity of a Channel
256 QAM = 38.8 Mb/s or 64 QAM = 28.8 Mb/s
Two most popular modulation techniques
CATV QAM Data Rates
Types of QAM Modulators
ASI QAM modulator
Edge QAM modulator
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ASI input
MPTS & SPTS
38.8 Mb maximum
Single QAM Channel
IP input
MPTS & SPTS
GigE Capability
Low cost Redundancy
From of 4 to over 250
Channels
The internet protocol (IP) [ is a packet-based-network transport protocol upon
which the internet is built. IP packets are encapsulated in lower, hardware-level
protocols for delivery over various networks (Ethernet, etc), and they
encapsulate higher transport level protocols for streaming and other
applications.
IP –Stream Source:
MPEG-TS Encaptulated in UDP/IP
Sending MPEG-transport stream packets over UDP is used extensively within the private networks of cable
companies to deliver MPEG transport streams throughout the system. For general delivery over the unmanaged
Internet without QoS (Quality of Service) guarantees, streaming protocols such as RTP may be used, but even
then, packets may be lost in delivery, resulting in artifacts in the media presentation.
Delivering TV and movie services over IP promised to revolutionize almost every component of the TV industry.
Just as the Internet changed how we ship, read the news and interact with others, television over IP could change
how we integrate TV entertainment into our daily lives.
Combining the Internet and protocols can create an entirely new and exciting experience for viewers and new
business opportunities for service providers. One key will be to maintain a high QoS across the entire network so
viewers never suffer from the limitations we see in Internet video.
What is IP Streaming :
MULTICASTING :
In multicasting, the sending side issues a stream of identically-addressed IP
packets, where the address identifies a multicast group participated by multiple
end users. Routers on the network replicate the stream as necessary and direct it
to the group's end users. Since the sending side must send only a single stream
of packets, the processing load on the server is low. And since the routers send
the stream only to clients that want it, overall network efficiency is maintained.
But multicasting is possible only if it is supported by all of the routers between
the sender and the recipients. Accordingly, multicasting requires the appropriate
network environment in order to succeed
MULTICASTING :
Broadcast video using multicast in a broadband
network.
UNICASTING :
With unicasting, the server issues a separate stream to each recipient,
addressing each IP packet with the address of its final destination. Since the
server must send separate packets for each final destination, the load on it
increases in proportion with the number of destinations. Greater bandwidth is
also required to handle the increased number of packets.
On the plus side, unicasting does not require multicast-capable routers and is
generally easier to implement
UNICASTING :
if this is MPEG-2 HD video, it could require as
much as 15Mb/s for each stream, or, in this
example, a total of 45MB/s. Clearly, when using
unicast protocol, network bandwidth
requirements can quickly become huge.
VOD using unicast in a broadband network.
IPTV ??? OR IP STREAMING???
HEADEND BLOCK DIAGRAM
Broadcast
Content
Management Switch
N x Video Encoders +
MPEG-2 TS
ASI or IP
an
Broadcast/One-way STB
GUI / EPG
ViewRight STB for DVB
DVB-x Receiver
with or w/o smart card
Mux/Scrambler
GigE Layer II
Switch
UN-secured
DVB-C,
Network
IP STREAM
EDGE QAM
Conditional Access :
(abbreviated CA) is the protection of
content by requiring certain criteria to
be met before granting access to this
content. The term is commonly used in
relation to digital television systems
Conditional Access :
revenue across our networks
and reach multi-screen subscribers?
How do I secure
Conditional Access
CAS for DVB – One-way Context
Broadcast
Content
Broadcast System
Configuration Manager
N x Video Encoders +
a
TV Program
Schedules
SI Server
EIT
EPG
MPEG-2 TS
ASI or IP
DVB Simulcrypt
Mux/Scrambler &
DVB-x Modulator
Subscriber Managenent
and Billing Systems
Broadcast/One-way STB
GUI / EPG
CAS-secured
DVB-C, DVB-S
or DVB-T Network
ViewRight STB for DVB
DVB-x Receiver
with or w/o smart card
Manufacturing
Time Load
CW & AC
BCSM
Database
Key
Gun
Broadcast CSM
EncryptionEngine
Over-the-air
STB update
ECM
EMM
Code
Signing
and Provisioning
The right CAS
Technology across Multiple Device Types
ViewRight STB
• DVB
• IPTV
• Hybrid
ViewRight Web
• PC
• Mac
• STB
• Android
• iPhone, iPad
STB
PC
Mac
ViewRight Desktop
• PC
• Mac
TRANSCODING
MPEG2 - MPEG 4
MPEG4 - MPEG2
What Drives Transcoding?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
MPEG 4
Higher compression rate
Use of less bandwidth
Multi codec applications
Scalability
Easy of Integration
High efficiency
Profitability
MPEG 2
• Programming is delivered in
MPEG2
• Cost of STB
• Equipment Cost
• User friendly (TV’s can
decode)
HOW TO TRANSCODE EFFICIENTLY:
IRD TRANSCODING :
As demand for more high definition (HD) programming increases, new
distribution architectures are being implemented with emerging
technology such as HD video processing, MPEG-4 AVC and advanced
modulation.
This commercial satellite receiver/transcoder, capable of transcoding
three MPEG-4 HD services and outputting three simultaneous MPEG-2
HD and standard definition (SD) services.
Server Transcoding Solutions:
The need for many transitions in codecs and bit rates throughout a video delivery chain can present
many challenges. Sencore’s TXS 3453 provides a high density, versatile answer to this problem by
providing H.264 and MPEG-2 compression engines that are independent of the incoming
compression type. The TXS 3453 ensures that your video will always be the correct format,
compression type and bit rate for up to 16 services per TXS regardless of consumer premise
equipment, IP network or last mile bandwidth constraints.
Digital Media Gateway:
Application Description:
Five MPEG-4 to MPEG-2 transcoding modules and one Gigabit IP Module or one ASI
input/output Module Support 10 channel of transcoding from MPEG-2 to H.264 or from
H.264 to MPEG2Applications: Content providers, CATV operators and IPTV network
Juan Sicard,
Intenational Sales Representative
Territories:Canada, Africa, Arkansas, Louisiana,
New Mexico, Carribean, Central America, Latin
America, Mexico, South America Sales
US Company
Toner Cable Equipment, Inc.
969 Horsham Road
Horsham, Pennsylvania 19044 USA
Tel: (215)675-2053
Fax: (215)675-7543
800-523-5947
Languages:English, Spanish, some Portuguese
3 years in sales at Toner Cable
juan@tonercable.com
www.tonercable.com
skype- Juan.e.sicard