BARBELO - BarbelAgro Project

BARBELO
for the beneficial tillage
...about the technology, the implement & the theory behind...
BarbelAgro Project
…agriculture thereafter…
Web: http://www.barbelagro.org
Our Team
Agriculture in the XXIst century
Soil ingredients
Air
4 – 40 %
Organic matter
5–7%
SOIL
Water
10 – 46 %
Minerals
43 – 45 %
http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange2/current/lectures/land_deg/land_deg.html
Illness? Doctor! Doctor!! …
Doctor!!!!!
Symptoms
Reasons
Pills
Inanitio
Intrauterin
retardatio
Lack of minerals
Stress, Chemicals
Eating disorders
Fertilizers
GMO
Candida /
Vermititis
Bacterias
Parasites
Pesticides
Oedema
Dehydration
Psoriasis
Water cycle
problem
Asphyxia
Dust allergy
Subsoiler
Irrigation
Under
development
Under
development
Stress
Agricultural problems
Soil quality
and quantity
Water cycle
Air / Wind
Temperature
Reduced organic
matter
Compacted layers
Plough pan
Soil working problems
Intensification of soil degradation
Reducing soil organic matter
Dust
Plough
disk & weight
Open soil
surface
Growing wind erosion
Several soil
working phases
Image source: http://www.canstockphoto.com/illustration/pyramid-scheme.html
Accumulating compaction
Accretion of Carbon loss
Increasing soil stress
Effects of compaction
Com
p
acti
&p
loug on
h pa
n
Intensification of soil degradation
Higher exposure erosion & deflation
Decreasing organic fertilizer decomposition efficiency
Slowed microbial activity, water &
nutrient intake
Increasing agricultural energy
consumption
Amplified humus decomposing
processes
Destroyed water-, air- and
temperature cycles
http://slideplayer.hu/slide/2146069/
“The water balance of the soil defines the air and heat management, the biological activity
and - through them – also the nutrient
management of the soil.”
Prof. György Várallyay
Hungarian Science Academy
Well balanced water cycle
Rain
Irrigation
100 %
Evapotranspiration ~ 35-40 %
Infiltration ~ 50 %
Stored ~ 10 – 46 %
Interflow & deep
infiltration ~ 4 - 40 %
Runoff ~ 10 - 15 %
Source: Dr. Fekete Zoltán, http://erdeszetilapok.oszk.hu/00189/pdf/EL_1957_02_58-62.pdf
http://salem.njaes.rutgers.edu/nre/agriculture/agriculture.htmL
dr. Sebestyén Endre, http://www.agraragazat.hu/cikk/aszalykar-vizhiany-talajhiba-helytelen-agrotechnika
http://water.usgs.gov/edu/graphics/wcinfiltrationsoilzone.gif
Well-balanced water
storage
Soil-stored
water
10 – 46 %
=
Disponable
water
8 – 16 %
Image source: http://www.ag.unr.edu/nowak/NRES%20406/Spring15/Feb23_2015_EnvRsp_II_HOs.pdf
Data source: Dr. Varga Csaba, http://zeus.nyf.hu/~tkgt/okse/tatata08/tata0811.pdf
+
Indisponable
water
2 – 33 %
Types of soil-stored water
Indisponable water
(unavailable)
Adsorpted (physically
bonded) water
Chemically bonded
water
Biologically bonded
water
Source: http://www.pkkft.hu/agrarium/eloadas/nov2.pdf
Disponable water
(available)
Gravitation water
Capillary water
Ground water /
Water table
Misbalanced water cycle
Evapotranspiration ~ 35-40 %
Rain
Irrigation
100 %
+ 5 - 15 %
increasing
Infiltration ~ 50 %
- 50-67 % decreasing
Stored ~ 5 – 31 %
{
Interflow & deep infiltration
~ 4 - 40 %
Runoff ~ 10 - 15 %
Water cycle
problems
compaction
Source: Dr. Fekete Zoltán, http://erdeszetilapok.oszk.hu/00189/pdf/EL_1957_02_58-62.pdf
http://geography.hu/mfk2012/pdf/Rakonczai_Janos.pdf
http://water.usgs.gov/edu/graphics/wcinfiltrationsoilzone.gif
Water cycle problems
Intensification of soil degradation
Co
mp
&p
act
lou
ion
gh
pan
Growing water erosion
Image source: http://www.canstockphoto.com/illustration/pyramid-scheme.html
Shrinking water table level
Diminishing soil permeability
Decreasing infiltration depth
Destroyed water cycle
Various water erosion types
+ Inland water
http://extension.missouri.edu/explore/images/g01509art01.jpg
Inland water / inundation
http://cdn.szeged.hu/media/.thumbs/belviz/644_belviz10.jpeg
http://www.agraragazat.hu/sites/default/files/styles/cikkkep/public/trakt_belviz.jpg?itok=aQDPwMbl
http://hirado.cms.mtv.hu/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2015/02/DROTI20150209010.jpg
Why inland inundation
appears?
Time-varying meteorological and hydrological factors
Constant or slightly
changing factors
Human interventions
* agricultural interventions
* relief
(compacted layers & pans)
* soil conditions
* drainage canals
* geological conditions
* land use
* melioration
* town planning (sewer)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242194191_A_belviz-veszelyeztetettseg_talajtani_osszefuggesei_a_Bekes-Csanadi_loszhaton
Effect of compaction on water
cycle in Hungary...
Upper 1 m of soil in Hungary ideally:
- could infiltrate 35-45 km3 water
- could store 25-35 km3 water
Average annual rainfall – 50-55 km3 !
Compacted soil – 30 cm from upper surface
in Hungary:
- infiltrates 21-27 km3 water -60 %
- stores 18-25 km3 water -30 %
Rough estimated difference
14 – 18 km3
http://www.mdpi.com/entropy/entropy-17-04454/article_deploy/html/images/entropy-17-04454f1-1024.png
Where that water is going?
http://sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/H2O-On-the-Go/Sci-Media/Images/The-water-cycle
Image source: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MEDIA/nrcs142p2_049821.jpg
Agricultural land areas
Uruguay 82 %
Saudi Arabia 81 %
Kazakhstan 80 %
19 %
31 %
http://data.worldbank.org
41 %
46 %
34 %
31 %
Soil degradation & causes
NO
Tillage
https://www.env.go.jp/en/nature/desert/global_2.html
Continent
Land
area
[M ha]
Agricultural
land
[M ha]
Degraded
agricultural land
[M ha]
Percentage
[%]
1050,8
433,20
18,29
4,22
Asia
4441,1
1522,21
138,86
9,12
Africa
3031,9
116,26
8,3
North-America
Tillage1399,95
2151,5
412,36
47,54
11,53
South-America
2056,6
640,39
20,72
3,24
Australia
851,0
263,47
4,8
1,82
34 ...f
6, oo
hu 47 d f
m mi or
an lli
s. on
..
Europe
Image source: http://www.fao.org/nr/lada/gladis/gladis_db/downl.php
“I am pessimistic about the human race because it is too
ingenious for its own good. Our approach to nature is to
beat it into submission. We would stand a better chance
of survival if we accommodated ourselves to this planet
and viewed it appreciatively, instead of skeptically and
dictatorially.”
(E.B. White)
Main tillage technologies
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/tillage-what-metin-kaan-uygunt%C3%BCzel
Tillage machinery
http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/4/4/938/htm
http://www.advancefarming.com/image/tractor_graphic_for_threat.jpg
Our role in the agricultural
pyramid
NO
Tillage
after
tomorrow
BARBELO
Tillage
Reduced
Tillage
today
Tillage QA & QC
Barbelo-technology
Soil erosion regulation
Soil fertility
5
Wind erosion regulation
Biodiversity
Soil moisture retention
0
Sustainable Agri. Value
http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/4/4/938/htm
Climate regulation
Pest regulation
Weed control
Food Forage
Usage of fertilizers
worldwide in 2010
45
TOP 3
Qatar: 5117.5
Trinidad and Tobago: 1536.68
New Zealand: 1096.96
40
35
Number of countries
30
25
AVG: 126.69 kg / ha
(94.51 kg / ha)
STDEV: 434.52
RANGE: 5117 (!)
20
15
10
5
Total amount of fertilizers [ton / 1000 ha]
Fertilizers (ton/1000 ha)
Data source: http://faostat3.fao.org
Power (Fertilizers (ton/1000 ha))
>500
400-500
300-400
200-300
190-200
180-190
170-180
160-170
150-160
140-150
130-140
120-130
110-120
100-110
90-100
80-90
70-80
60-70
50-60
40-50
30-40
20-30
10-20
0-10
0
Usage of pesticides
worldwide 1990-2010
70
TOP 3
Bahamas: 68.36
Mauritius: 31.02
Barbados: 27.94
60
Number of countries
50
40
30
AVG: 3.99 kg / ha
STDEV: 343.52
RANGE: 68
20
10
Pesticides used 1990-2010 [ton / 1000 ha]
Number of countries
Data source: http://faostat3.fao.org
Power (Number of countries)
>16
15-16
14-15
13-14
12-13
11-12
9-10
8-9
7-8
6-7
5-6
4-5
3-4
2-3
1-2
0-1
0
Cumulated amount of
agrochemicals
World average agrochems
130.68 kg / ha
Unexploited avg pesticides*
3.59 kg / ha
*http://www.kia.hu/konyvtar/szemle/55_f.htm
Effects of pesticides
Hu
ma
nki
nd
Epigenetic trans-generation
inheritance
Image source: http://www.canstockphoto.com/illustration/pyramid-scheme.html
Environmental mutations
Unknown synergy effects
Serious human health issues
Fetal death
Water pollution worldwide
Air pollution
Mis balanced (soil) fauna
Agrochemicals cycle
More compaction
More pesticides
More fertilizers
Compaction
http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/wat3350
Consequences if we won't do
anything
Desertification
Global warming
Hunger
Climate change
Flood
Water pollution
“Farm machinery needs to be intelligent,
lean, precise and efficient in order to
minimize the impact on the soil and the
landscape.”
FAO, 2014
http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/212184/icode/
Being a farmer could be...
...complicated
&
difficult...
...ineffective
&
expensive...
...unsustainable
&
destructive...
...to understand, properly select
and use different machines and
technologies
...too many machines and
processes, more-and-more
agrochemicals, less profits
...causing climate and human
catastrophe while destroying
“food peel” of our world killing
the future of our grandchildren
Barbelo's features
1
StressStep instead of many
Helps
1
healing the soil with giving back
homogeneously the straw
step preparing ideal seedbed from the
straw covered topsoil breaking
compacted layers & plough/disk pans
One machine is enough doing all soil working
Brand new tillage equipment and technology
Why the Barbelo-technology is
beneficial?
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
prepares a homogeneous, 20-50 cm seedbed-quality soil by cutting and mixing a strawcovered topsoil in a single operation in the whole working depth (20-50 cm)
Barbelo breaks existing compacted layers & pans within the working depth without
causing additional soil compaction
small energy consumption
makes minimal amount of dust due to tillage
causes minimal stress to the soil
could raise foreign objects out of the soil without any serious damage of the implement
quasi-independent on the weather
decreases the effect of water erosion including inland inundation
minimizes carbon-loss closing the soil immediately
reduces weediness
with homogeneously mixed organic fertilizer it helps naturally to get the soil balance
again (water-, air- and heat management & organic matter)
gives higher yields
after the process the optimized crumbly structure of the soil will be kept
customizable for different crops and tillage systems
Barbelo-technology's benefits
Profitable - reduced investment & higher
yields
Flexible - adaptable/customizable to
different cultivates & tillage systems
Beneficial – healing the soil
Efficient - less work & more time
Sustainable
http://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0369/6129/products/detach_stack.jpeg?v=1391958789
Testing results
In 2012, the first Barbelo prototype
was tested in a comparative trial
with conventional tillage farming
in a corn field in Hungary.
Corn yields
Conventional: 3.5 tons/ha
Barbelo: 5.3 tons/ha
Current situation
Meetings in order to build
the network
Technology design & image
(webpage, presentations)
Hungarian Novelty Report
Patent application (HU)
Year 2016
18th April 2016
22nd March 2016
26th December 2015
Patent Application
Applied in December 2015 in
Hungary
Subject
Agricultural soil working
machine & technology
described by
● 35 claims
● 31 drawings
Hungarian Novelty Report
Received on 22nd of March 2016, referred 6 patent
documentation dated between 1943-2012 mainly
in other fields
Official analysis:
 Novelty: 24 claims out of 35
 Applicability: 35 claims out of 35
 Inventability: none out of 35
Looking forward for...
manufacturing partners in order to produce Barbelo
● Research Institutes and Universities (professors, PhD's,
researchers, PhD candidates) willing to cooperate in
testing processes analyzing all of the effects of
Barbelo
● governments & ministries responsible for agriculture
& environment
● farmers interested in sustainable agricultural
practices
● foundations working for a better world
● non-governmental organizations
● etc...
●
Contact us!
NO
Tillage
Tillage
Reduced
Tillage