the 2008 top 10 hot trends in greenroof design

Transcription

Session 2.4: Designing Specialized Green Roofs
THE 2008 TOP 10 HOT TRENDS IN GREENROOF DESIGN
Linda S. Velazquez, ASLA Associate, LEED AP, Publisher/Editor & Design
Consultant and Haven Kiers, MLA, Design Editor & Design Consultant
Greenroofs.com
Authors’ Note: This is the final, updated 2008 paper reflecting the actual PowerPoint
presentation we offered in Baltimore, MD on May 2, 2008. As of press time for the conference
paper, we were still accumulating late-breaking project information and receiving feedback from
our readership with commentary. Some projects found on the 2008 Conference CD were
deleted while others were added.
Would you like to revisit our 2007 Top Ten Hot Greenroof Design Trends? See here:
http://www.greenroofs.com/top10hottrends.htm (Velazquez & Kiers, 2007).
Abstract
Last year we delivered the 2007 Top Hot Trends in Design: Chic Sustainability, Unique Driving
Factors & "Boutique" Greenroofs which showcased the important, newsworthy and exciting
greenroof projects from around the world. Established but trailblazing designers, building
owners and municipalities were highlighted along with their trendsetting projects, as were the
newcomers and visionaries who are raising the architectural standard for today's designers and
stakeholders. We based our very subjective selections from our own design experience and
from published multimedia accounts from TV, the Web, magazines, and newspaper article
sources.
In 2008 we will once again deliver our fast-paced Top Ten List of case study vignettes
representing the very best of the new - whether they are based on traditional applications with a
twist or avant-guard projects combining living roof, energy, or other green technologies. What
are the market drivers? Which built innovative projects have informed clients and spurred
additional market interest? What type of greenroofs are clients now demanding? What are the
directions sweeping our design profession? From older, time-honored examples from which we
designers can draw inspiration, to current conceptual, high-profile media grabbing greenroofs
which stimulate the senses, we promise another fun-filled visual cruise through the world of
vegetated roofing!
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Sixth Annual Greening Rooftops for Sustainable Communities
Conferenc e, Awards and Trade Show
2008 Conference Proceedings
How will we decide the 2008 Top Hot Trends in Greenroof Design? New for 2008 will be the
inclusion of and interaction with the greenroof community at large – a Design Trend Survey will
be widely distributed to solicit opinions and examples of high performance and sometimes
thought-provocative greenroof projects which should be recognized. We’ll register the feedback
and modify our following “working” Top Ten List for 2008.
The Initial “Working” 2008 Top Ten Hot Trends in Greenroof Design:
10) Client-Specific Boutique Greenroofs
9) Do-It-Yourself Greenroofs
8) Pre-Fab Modular Homes are Fabulous
7) Greenroofs as Art and Architecture
6) Parks, Zoos & Botanical Gardens - Outdoor Living & Research
5) Solar and Vegetative Roofs as High Performance Buildings
4) Museum and Corporate Greenroofs - Setting the Example
3) Luxury Green Homes, Eco-Communities & Eco-Cities
2) Cool Green Schools of Higher Education
1) The Influence of LEED on Government and Design Professionals
Introduction
The rise of green, eco-friendly agendas continues to proliferate across global industries and
boundaries. Increasingly, green design practices and sustainable technologies are influencing
architectural design and setting standards within the international construction industry, resulting
in a variety of high performance buildings. As people become more concerned about reducing
their carbon footprints, properties are being planned to act as models for the future and new
homes are being built to be "zero carbon" and produce no planet-harming carbon dioxide.
Gearlog, 2007, says, ‘The current buzzword in the world of environmentalism is "offset." Many,
if not most of us, are concerned about the environment, and while the recent exponential
increase in coverage of topics like global warming has spurred some change on the part of
consumers, a lot of people still aren't willing to risk even the tiniest amount of comfort, in order to
help impede the seemingly inevitable collapse of the world around them. The idea behind
offsetting is that, while at present, it's almost impossible to lead a zero-emission lifestyle and still
be a functioning member of modern society, there are certain actions that we can take to help
minimize our harmful contributions to our environment’.
And encouraged by successful programs such as the U.S. Green Building Council’s Leadership
in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System™, the present day
benchmark for the design, construction and operation of our built environment has been raised
substantially from just even a decade ago.
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‘Amidst growing media interest and demand from public and private sectors, multidisciplinary
professionals - from architects to environmental engineers, city planners to landscape architects
and beyond - are redefining sustainability in the context of building design. We’re examining our
environmental impacts on the Earth from a more integrated, holistic approach and using
technologies which encourage energy efficient and environmentally friendly building envelopes,
including the ubiquitous “fifth façade” – the rooftop’ (Velazquez, 2007).
And how ecologically better, in terms of the highest and greatest ecological use of space, than
to cover these generally unused fifth façades than with living, breathing, vegetative roofs?
Living roofs are true workhorses of the roofing world in that they offer such a wide spectrum of
environmental benefits and opportunities for Earth’s flora, fauna, and human communities – all
while pleasing our economic, aesthetic, and psychological sensibilities, too.
As such, greenroofs are fast becoming green staples of chic sustainability in mainstream
architecture and high performance building with a hip environmental sheen that is attractive to
young and old. And we all know that greenroofs are vibrant and exciting alternatives to the
average unused, hot, and often downright ugly black tar or concrete roofs that we see covering
the world, but what and where are the new and exciting projects on the boards? In 2008 we will
once again deliver our fast-paced Top Ten List of case study vignettes representing the very
best of the new - whether based on traditional applications with a twist or avant-guard projects
combining living roofs, energy, or other green technologies. From older, time-honored
examples from which we designers can draw inspiration to current conceptual, high-profile
media grabbing greenroofs which stimulate the senses, we promise another fun-filled visual
cruise through the world of vegetated roofing!
How will we decide the 2008 Top Hot Trends in Greenroof Design? Aside from our own
editorial and experiential input, new for 2008 will be the inclusion of and interaction with the
greenroof community at large through a Greenroof Design Trends Survey. We’ll gather public
opinion and experience of the latest and greatest international greenroof design trends, tabulate
the feedback, and include it along with our own ideas for the second yearly installment of our
"2008 Top Ten Hot Trends in Greenroof Design."
The 2008 Greenroof Design Trends Survey
The 2008 Greenroof Design Trends Survey is open-ended to allow those who thoroughly want
to participate the opportunity to do so, but brief answers are also welcome! The following actual
survey, in quotations, will be sent out to thousands of individuals through posting on
Greenroofs.com and inclusion in the January Newsletter (over 5,000 subscribers).
Furthermore, to name a few, it was mailed to editors of Inhabitat, Metropolis, LAND Online,
Landscape Architecture Magazine, Architectural Record, Architecture Week, USA Today, New
York Times, Washington Post, San Francisco Chronicle, Environmental Design + Construction
Magazine, Environmental Building News, Building Design and Construction, Reed Construction
Data, Urban Land, E The Environmental Magazine, Treehugger.com, Co-op America, Dwell
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Magazine, Garden Design, Sunset Magazine, Contemporist, Green Building News,
GreenSource Magazine, Time Magazine, Fortune, Newsweek, Vanity Fair, Environmental
Quality Management, as well as sent out as a general press release.
The 2008 Greenroof Design Trends Survey was sent also sent to various greenroof
organizations, and associated professional/educational groups and municipalities for distribution
to their staff and members, among others including: Green Roofs for Healthy Cities; World
Green Roof Infrastructure Network; Livingroofs.org; International Green Roof Association; the
Forschungsgesellschaft Landschaftsentwicklung Landschaftsbau e.V. - FLL (Research Society
for Landscape Development and Landscape Design; Deutscher Dachgartner-Verband (German
Roof-Gardening Association); Scandinavian Green Roof Association; English Nature; Green
Roof Centre; Green Roofs Australia; Earth Pledge Foundation; the Home Depot Foundation;
D.C. Greenworks; the Northwest EcoBuilding Guild; Ecoroofs Everywhere; the Minnesota Green
Roofs Council; Sustainable South Bronx; Southface Energy Institute; G.R.E.E.N.; ASLA; AIA;
NRCA; EPA (HIRI); the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC); the British Columbia Institute of
Technology Green Roofs Research Facility; Michigan State University Vegetative Greenroof
Research Program; North Carolina State University's Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Greenroof Research; Penn State Green Roof Research Center; the Green Roof Centre of
Excellence Neubrandenburg (University of Applied Sciences); the University of Georgia Institute of Ecology; the University of Sheffield's Flowering Green Roofs; National Research
Council of Canada; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; the
Augustenborg Botanical Roof Garden; the Government of Hong Kong, China; and the Cities of
Chicago, Portland, OR; Seattle; Toronto, Canada; Los Angeles and Alpharetta; the U.S.
Department of Defense and General Services Administration; and the U.S. Office of the Federal
Environmental Executive. In this manner, we hope to touch on a wide range of greenroof
designers, researchers, manufacturers, suppliers, policy stake holders and the media at large
Due to the conference paper space restrictions, see the actual 2008 Greenroof Design Trends
Survey here: http://www.greenroofs.com/surveys/2008DesignTrends.htm
“The 2008 Greenroof Design Trends Survey (Greenroofs.com, 2008):
January 14, 2008: Linda S. Velazquez, ASLA Associate, LEED AP, Greenroofs.com Publisher
& Design Consultant and Haven Kiers, MLA, Greenroofs.com Design Editor, want your unique
perspective to help us determine which greenroof projects will not only take us into 2008 with a
bang, but also beyond.
The rise of green, eco-friendly agendas continues to proliferate across global industries and
boundaries. Greenroofs are fast becoming green staples of chic sustainability in mainstream
architecture and high performance building. What are the new and exciting projects on the
boards? We want you to share your opinions and experience of the latest and greatest
international greenroof design trends! We'll tabulate your feedback and include it along with our
own ideas for the second yearly installment of our "2008 Top Ten Hot Trends in Greenroof
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Design." We'll be presenting the Top Ten List at the next Greening Rooftops for Sustainable
Communities Conference in Baltimore, MD, on April 30-May 2, 2008.
Communicate your personal beliefs, passion, and what you see as spirit of innovation with our
2008 Greenroof Design Trends Survey! Write as much or as little as you want. If you'd like to
send graphics, send to: surveys@greenroofs.com . We would appreciate your reply by February
29, 2008.
Please start by telling us which of these descriptions best fits you (select one), and if desired,
add more below:
I'm involved with the trends, actively participating in design, specification, research, or
contributing to setting new trends
I'm in the media - an editor, blogger, writer, or reporter covering news and new trends
I'm more of an average person on the fringe - an avid reader and follower of greenroof
projects and trends
I’m actually way too unique to fit into any of the above!
Fill in the following blanks:
Please provide the following contact information:
Name
Title
Organization
E-mail
Can we quote you?
Yes
No
1. What do you see as the current market drivers?
2. How important do you see the proliferation of LEED buildings as a market driver?
3. What are the directions sweeping our design profession? Why are we building greenroofs?
4. Which built innovative projects have informed clients and spurred additional market interest,
and what types of greenroofs are clients now demanding?
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5. Which greenroof projects received the most press in 2007 & why – and do you feel it was
justified? In other words, how important is media exposure?
6. What new plant types (grasses, for example) or design palette styles (Asian-inspired or native
communities, for example) have you seen?
7. Share some of the innovative technologies that you've seen incorporated into greenroofs.
8. Who are the influential and creative designers or other stakeholders driving design, fostering
growth, expression or awareness?
9. Share with us what you consider “Visionary” Built Projects - why, where are they, and by
whom?
10. Share with us thoughts on Visionary Proposed Projects - why, where are they, and by
whom?
11. If you had to just name one, do you have one favorite greenroof project overall, as well as
just one from 2007 – and a quick why?
12. Rate our current "Working" 2008 Top Ten List of Hot Trends in Greenroof Design.”
Based on what you have now assessed, how would you number this list? Feel free to edit our
proposed Top Ten List, or write your own!
The Working 2008 Top Ten Hot Trends in Greenroof Design:
10) Client-Specific Boutique Greenroofs
9) Do-It-Yourself Greenroofs
8) Pre-Fab Modular Homes are Fabulous
7) Greenroofs as Art and Architecture
6) Parks, Zoos & Botanical Gardens - Outdoor Living & Research
5) Solar and Vegetative Roofs as High Performance Buildings
4) Museum and Corporate Greenroofs - Setting the Example
3) Luxury Green Homes, Eco-Communities & Eco-Cities
2) Cool Green Schools of Higher Education
1) The Influence of LEED on Government and Design Professionals”
Upon receipt of international feedback, we’ll update “The List” to best reflect the current
vernacular of true, real, and perceived trends within the greenroof industry.
(End of Survey)
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Favorites not on “The List” for 2008
On a lighter note, and before we get to the real thing, here are some categories and projects
that for one reason or another just couldn’t cut it for our 2008 Top Ten List. But we’re going to
show them, just for fun…
Automotive Greenroofs: The Poor Man's Solar
Panels? Zhishai, a taxi driver in Beijing, decided to
bring the climate solution closer to his local source
by planting a mini greenroof atop his cab (Gearlog,
2007). Maybe a potential “Boutique” Greenroof for
the Top Ten 2009 Hot Greenroof Design Trends?
How about Green Furniture on a
Greenroof? This “Peddy” living table
(mindscape, 2008) from a design studio
based in Japan gives new meaning to
embracing green living on a greenroof…
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Green CHIA Pet Seating? More in the Peddy series of “Living Furniture” (mindscape,
2008). Relaxing on top of regenerative nature – comfy, cushy, and ecologically sound!
And our favorite fantasy living roof not on “The List” for 2008 is:
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The “Greenroof Maintenance Division” Entry (mindscape, 2008):
Forget Goats! How About A Mosaic of Sustainable Mowing with Cows on
the Roof: Can you say “Eat Mor Grass?”
And now without further ado, back to the real thing.
After reviewing and contemplating the numerous responses to our survey, we adjusted our list
to reflect overall readership input as well as amazing last minute projects that we stumbled
upon:
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The Top Ten List of Hot Greenroof Design Trends for 2008
10) Client-Specific Boutique Greenroofs:
One of the benefits of greenroofs is that they create amenity space where there once was none
and provide owners with a blank canvas upon which they can construct their ultimate vision and
fulfill their perceived needs.
Boutique greenroofs are highlighted as niche projects designed for distinctive, highly personal
reasons. Each novel application has the potential to be "the next big thing" in greenroof design,
and may evolve as an emerging trend, but right now these projects are simply designed to solve
client-specific objectives.
A Globally Floating Luxury Greenroof:
Celebrity Cruises’ The Lawn Club on
The Celebrity Solstice: 2008, 2009 +.
Vacationers found that the grass really is
greener on a Celebrity Cruises vacation.
The ship presented an industry first on the
top deck of the ship: real, growing grass,
set in an innovative new country club
environment known as “The Lawn Club”
(Greenroofs.com, 2008).
Do-It-Yourself Greenroofs: Troy's Green
Roof: 2004, Tacoma, WA. An up and
coming trend of its own, DIY greenroofs
are on the rise! The homeowner has
owned a roofing company for 15 years and
after looking at 20,000 roofs, decided to
put his money where his mouth was and
put two lightweight greenroofs on his 110year old home (Greenroofs.com, 2007).
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Do-It-Yourself Roof Pumpkin Patch on a
Budget: Katherine Wilson’s Green Roof:
2006, Coburg, Australia. Her pumpkins are
growing in plastic crates filled with
hydrocell, a light-weight synthetic growing
medium made from natural resins, mixed
with organic compost and sheep manure.
Katherine’s aim was to set up a system so
cheap ($100) and simple that even renters
could attempt it, providing the roof is
deemed strong enough (Kizilos, 2008).
Integration of Education, Architecture, and
Landscaping, by Stephen Holl: The
Whitney Water Treatment Plant: 2005,
New Haven, CT. One of Inhabitat's favorite
projects from the AIA/COTE 2007 list of
Top Ten Green Projects, this project is
fantastic in many ways, but the real beauty
of it lies in the fact that the 30,000 square
foot water treatment facility is sitting under
the largest greenroof in the state of
Connecticut (Chapa, 2007).
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Good Neighbors: Langka and Zach
Treadwell Vacation Home : 2005, Big Sur,
CA. The owner said, "The people who live
around us have to see our roof and I don’t
want them to see anything but grass:"
Native grasses such as California oat and
red fescue were planted for an attractive
vista for the neighbors to blend in
seamlessly into its Big Sur surroundings
(Holstein, 2006).
A Green Lining Over the Trash: City of
Grand Haven Dumpster Covers: 2007,
Grand Haven, MI. The city of Grand Haven
had a need for dumpsters near a shopping
district and condo developments, and the
local residents desired a nicer view out of
their second or third story windows than
the local trash (Greenroofs.com, 2007).
Naturally Cooling Down the Wine: Faustino Group Winery:
2007, Ribera del Duero, Spain. The design not only produces
wine but provides beautifully integrated and sustainable
architecture with partial burial of the building thermal combined
with a green roof on top to control the temperature, and
photovoltaics on the roof (Chapa, 2007).
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Greenroofs as community green collar job
opportunities - D.C. Greenworks: Franklin
D. Reeves Center: 2007, Washington,
D.C. They are committed to green
mandates and achieving the highest
possible LEED standards while offering job
training for District youth. The 4,000 sf roof
was designed to help reduce stormwater
run-off into the Anacostia River and global
warming while creating job training
opportunities. As a result of this project,
twelve young adults received training in
horticulture and green roof installation
through DC Greenworks (Greenroofs.com,
2007).
Greenroofs as community green collar job
opportunities - Sustainable South Bronx:
654 Manida Brownstone: 2007, South
Bronx, NY. Sustainable South Bronx's
subsidiary, SmartRoofs, LLC, planted the
single lot residential brownstone along with
Green Roof Service, LLC and many young
people. Their "Green the Ghetto" program
employs graduates of their Bronx
Environmental Stewardship Training
program which aims to bring jobs and
environmental equity to the nation's
poorest congressional district
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Sustainable Greenroofed Dog Houses - A
Way to keep Fido Comfortably Cool with
Green Chic: Greenroofed Dog House :
2007, Austin, TX. This sustainable
vegetated doghouse was built for the
"Barkitecture" event by Chelsea+Remy
Design and sold for $400. All of the
proceeds went to support various local
animal rescue groups. Local designers,
builders and architects were asked to build
these dog houses in the future (Bandy,
personal communications, 2007).
Sustainable Greenroofed Dog Houses - A
Way to keep Fido Comfortably Cool with
Green Chic: Greenroofed Dog House :
2003, Mason, MI. Dr. Brad Rowe of Michigan
State University’s Vegetative Greenroof
Research Program built Finnegan &
Cooper’s Dog House for about $200 in
materials, with succulents and others,
including Talinum calycinum, donated by
Emory Knoll Farms; photo from 2006 (Rowe,
personal communications, 2008 and 2009).
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9) PreFab Modular Homes are Fabulous:
There’s nothing hipper in the architecture world than PreFab, and adding a greenroof to the mix
makes the resulting PreFab house hipper than hip. Within the past few years, no fewer than
nine designers have introduced PreFab designs that include greenroofs.
These ready-made, modern homes are simultaneously inexpensive and environmentally
sustainable, bringing smiles to hippies and yuppies alike. While many of these projects are still
in the development stage, an increasing number are ready for delivery to an empty building site
near you.
The mkLotus™ Green Modular Home:
2007, San Francisco, CA. Built by
XtremeHomes™, this 725 square foot
arrived for the 2007 West Coast Green
conference complete with a greenroof. The
mkLotus is the latest and most anticipated
design by celebrated architect Michelle
Kaufmann of Michelle Kaufmann Designs
(West Coast Green, 2007).
Construisons Demain: 2007, Paris,
France. French designers continue to put
the “fab” in prefab, as seen from this
brilliant design from architect Eric Wuilmot.
The system showcas es low-energy living
with three prefabricated wooden modules,
resource and energy efficient systems,
healthy finish materials, and inviting living
spaces (Kriscenski, 2007).
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mkSolaire™ Smart Home at Museum of
Science and Industry by All American
Homes: Current. Premiering at the
Chicago Museum of Science and Industry
in May, 2008, the three-story modular
home with 620 sf of modular GreenGrid
greenroof is designed to demonstrate
unique technologies for the 21st century
and highlight ways people can make ecofriendly living part of their lives (Leduc,
2008; Melia-Teevan, personal
communications, 2008).
pieceHomes: Current. Flexibility of design
offers homeowners the chance to bring
affordability into the pieceHomes prefab
package which can include solar panels,
greenroofs and low or no-VOC paints and
finishes among other green building
elements (Inhabitat, 2007).
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EcoSpace Green Garden Studio:
Current. Constructed from sustainably
harvested cedar, this pre-fab employs ecofriendly materials throughout the structure
and interior, and comes with a pre-built
greenroof! Starting at £15,850 (Inhabitat,
2006).
Agro-Housing: Current, China. “The AgroHousing prefab concept is a modern
housing solution that integrates green
building practices, smart growth principles,
and traditional values to create sustainable
urban communities within China’s growing
metropolises,” (Inhabitat, 2008). Green
roofs & greenwalls create an abundance of
crops for self-consumption and sale for the
neighbors (Knafo Klimor Architects, 2008).
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8) Greenroofs as Art and Architecture:
Greenroofs have been hailed as models of environmental sustainability and fundamental
elements of green buildings, but are often overlooked for their pure aesthetic. This next category
highlights greenroofs that can hold their own in a beauty competition. These roofs contribute to,
and ultimately define, the visual impact of the building as a whole.
Here, the greenroof is not something that was added to the building as a last ditch effort to gain
LEED points or impress the Nature Conservancy. Rather, the greenroof is an integral part of the
building design and a vital component of its overall aesthetic.
Dandelion House : 1995, Japan. The
architects Terunobu Fujimori and Yshio
Uchida put dandelions on the roof and the
walls of a house in 1995, creating a very
pretty ecological picture. “My dream is to
grow plants on buildings just as the human
body grows hair," said Terunobu Fujimori,
the architectural historian turned architect
who grabbed Japanese media attention in
the 1990s with a series of buildings that
incorporated living plants,” (Lee, 2003).
Jiang Wan Cultural Center: 2005,
Shanghai, China. The Wisdom Plaza at the
Jiang Wan Cultural Center "seems to
emerge organically like ancient roots from
its lush wetland setting. An aerial view
evokes the image of a flower unfolding on
an ancient silk painting.” Landscaped
areas around and atop the structure
integrate the building with the site and
increase energy conservation; exhibition,
education, and entertainment facilities are
enjoyed by the residents of Shanghai
(ArchNewsNow, 2006).
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Buttenwiesen High School Gymnasium:
Buttenwiesen, Germany. Approximately
48,500 sf (4.500 m²) of various plants
covers the undulating roof on this tri-wing
gym utilizing a three layered greenroof
system by Optigrün international AG. The
sinuous ribbon of 8-10 cm thick substrate on
the living roof was designed to blend
seamlessly into the natural grassland
landscape, and skylights look like shark fins
protruding from a swaying sea of vegetation
(Harzmann, 2008).
DeZwager/Maplethorpe Garde n Garage
Rooftop: 2007, Tacoma, WA. DeZwager
had agreed to sacrifice much of her
backyard gardening space so her husband
would have a place for his woodworking
hobby, but then realized she could have
also have a garden with plants to draw a
picture. She imagined a pastoral scene: a
tree with generous branches, supporting a
garden swing with the sun’s rays shining
down (Cafazzo, 2008). Hadj design was
the greenroof consultant.
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Ann Demeulemeester’s Store: 2007,
Seoul, South Korea. Designed by Architects
Minsuk Cho and Kisu Park of Mass Studies,
this flora-clothed multi-level building houses
a Belgian fashion designer’s store –
curvaceous green walls inside and out meet
green roofs in an effort to clean the air and
attract high end customers, too (Pilloton,
2007).
The Monument Development: Current,
London, England. A multi-faceted façade is
designed as a visual highlight on one of
London’s greatest monuments, and
greenroof technologies create an
environment that serves as a habitat for
plants and animals as well as an artistic
recreational zone for inhabitants (Jäger &
Zogg, 2007).
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The T8 - Bamboo 'Pterodactyl' Nest: Current,
Paris, France. An atypical Parisian multifamily
courtyard design in that the building’s interior
features an irregularly shaped courtyard garden
and pool. In Architect Ricciotti’s project, plant life
will hang from green roofs in what he describes
as an “imaginary Eden” (Such, 2007).
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7) Greenroofs in Parks & Interpretive Spaces:
No longer is it enough for a park to provide play areas, bucolic scenery, and picnic spots to the
public. Today’s parks also provide active outdoor entertainment, more passive opportunities for
hands-on learning and even shopping areas in multi-functioned buildings located beneath their
rolling hills and turf.
Ducks Unlimited Canada National HQ &
Oak Hammock Marsh Interpretive
Centre: 1993, Winnipeg, Manitoba,
Canada. A unique blend of interpretive
centre, science centre, classroom, offices,
wildlife area, and experimental area for
prairie grasses and plants, the Centre is
covered in prairie grasses and wildflowers.
The useable "prairie-on-the-roof" attracts a
large number of visitors and wildlife each
year. The Centre features a restored
prairie marsh, aspen-oak bluff, waterfowl
lure crops, artesian springs, 30 kilometres
of trails. The Centre offers interactive
exhibits, and creative and informative daily
programs and activities (Greenroofs.com,
2008).
MAG-Galerien Gallery: 2002, Geislingen,
Germany. The approximately 108,000 sf
(10,000m²) MAG galleries intensive
greenroof shopping development is set
over a private shopping mall and historic
town, providing residents with public
recreational area with easy access via lifts,
stairs, footbridges and ramps. The MAG
contains a playground with sandbox, a 650
m² (7,000 sf) basketball court, gardens,
walkways and trellises, along with
extensive and intensive greenroof areas
for research (Greenroofs.com, 2007).
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Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center at
The University of Texas at Austin: 2005,
Austin, TX. The Center is dedicated to
increasing the sustainable use and
conservation of native plants and
landscapes. Research includes native
plants on green roofs and evaluation of
carbon sequestration by native plants in
urban landscapes. Twenty-one mini
greenroofs contain 30 sf on 18 platforms
for a total of 540 sq ft. Visitors are able to
view the green roof study from the
Restoration Research Trail
Schlössle Galerie Shopping Mall:
Pforzheim, Germany. The over 75,000 sf
(7,000 m²) urban shopping mall "Schlössle
Galerie" greenroof in Pforzheim connects
workers back to nature with areas for
recreation and relaxation. It utilizes both a
three and four layer greenroof system from
Optigrün international, at 30 - 80 cm thick
(Harzmann, 2008).
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The Greenroof Pavilion & Greenroof
Trial Gardens of Rock Mill Park: 2007,
Alpharetta, GA. The historically important
park, designed by Breedlove Land
Planning, was designed to manage
stormwater ecologically with interpretative
signage on LID, greenroofs and its
Cherokee heritage. Linda Velazquez of
Sky Gardens Design designed the 24’ x
24’ greenroof, hands-on demonstration
model and three trial models, and
researched the original 1800’s Cherokee
ownership (Greenroofs.com, 2007).
Central Park GrinGrin: 2007, Island City
Central, Japan. A 400 hectare artificial
island in Hakata Bay, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka,
was designed by Toyo Ito & Associates,
Architects. 1.5 hectares on a green ring of
1.7 km, the facility was opened to the
public in 2007, after an international
competition and design work that began in
the fall of 2002 (Takenaka Corporation,
2007).
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6) Solar and Vegetative Roofs as High Performance Buildings:
It’s no wonder that so many of the projects featured in this year’s list contain green roofs
coupled with solar panels. Once research demonstrated that the two work synergistically (green
roofs cool ambient temperatures, allowing photovoltaics to function more effectively), designers
leapt at the opportunity to design roofs that fused these two components.
The result is a series of high performance buildings that, more often than not, give back more
than they take from the environment.
ufa-Fabrik Factory: 1984, BerlinTemplehof, Germany. A monitoring
program has tracked development of the
vegetation, microclimate and retention of
precipitation since 1992, and greenroof
research includes solar panels since 1998.
An array consisting of ten 2 kWp
photovoltaic panels monitors tracking the
efficiency of fixed versus steered panels;
the interaction between the greened roof
and the photovoltaic panels (Köhler, et. al.,
2002).
Basel Main Exhibition Hall: 2000, Basel,
Switzerland. The Basel Main Exhibition
Hall building sports a huge array of
integrated solar panels, and the
Convention Center sells electricity to the
City of Basel. This building boasts the
largest greenroof in Switzerland, which is
also being artistically redesigned to
incorporate wild wooden fences to
enhance the drawing when seen from
above and add some flavor for visits on the
roof (Greenroofs.com, 2008).
25
Schule Unterensingen: 2002,
Unterensingen, Germany. Two hundred
solar panels with an output of 23 kW(p)
and a large extensive greenroof grace the
top roof of this large school for primary and
secondary grades. The panels power
enough electricity for the entire school.
RuralZED: 2007 & Current, London,
England. ZedFactory has created a zeroemission prefab home, purported to be
Britain’s most affordable green prefab
home. The base model is a heavily
insulated, timber-framed residence, with
low-energy, low-water fixtures with a
greenroof. The code six level, the highest
in the new UK green building rating system
“The Code For Sustainable Homes,” would
also include a rainwater tank, and solar
panels, with optional wind turbines adding
even more efficiency (Chapa, 2007).
26
The “Spinach Home” Concept Home:
Concept/Current. The winning entry in the
2008 Cradle to Cradle Home International
Design Competition has a photosynthetic,
phototropic spinach skin surface and a
vegetated roof system that filters storm
water (i09, 2008):
- A vertical core with super-conductive
photosynthetic plasma that generates
200% more voltage than ordinary solar
cells.
- The spinach protein shell of the house
grows over time, generating enough
electricity to power the neighbors' homes,
too.
- The vegetated roof collects stormwater
and filters it. Non-potable water goes to a
septic tank below the home, and then
feeds the garden (io9, 2008).
'Anti Smog: An Innovation Centre in
Sustainable Development': Prototype,
Paris, France. Central to the design is the
“Solar Drop” an elliptical structure perched
over unused railroad tracks. The exterior is
fitted with 250 square meters of solar
photovoltaic panels and coated in titanium
dioxide (TiO2). The PV system produces
on-site electrical energy while the TiO2
coating works with ultraviolet radiation to
interact with particulates in the air, break
down organics and reduce air born
pollutants and contaminants (Inhabitat,
2008).
27
The LBBW Stuttgart & Sparkasse
Banks: Stuttgart, Germany. These two
bank buildings sport a huge photovoltaic
array atop approximately 86,000 sf (8.000
m²) of extensive and 26,000 sf (2.400 m²)
of intensive greenroofs (Harzmann, 2008).
Materials Depot: Pfullendorf, Germany.
The Materials depot for the city of
Pfullendorf has solar panels atop their
10,764 sf (1.000 m²) greenroof utilizing a
single layer, at 8 cm deep. Although
aesthetically beautiful, this is actually an
example of poor planning from the
perspective of the solar panels on the
greenroof; the incorrectly selected, high
growing plants shade the panels which in
turn reduces the power output
considerably. (Harzmann, 2008).
28
5) Greenroofs for Biodiversity:
Imagine a countryside filled with native plants and teeming with local insects, birds, and
butterflies. Now imagine the entire area paved over and covered with buildings, streets, and
sidewalks. Our open spaces are being replaced with development at an increasingly rapid pace,
and the flora and fauna associated with those spaces are increasingly left with nowhere to go.
Greenroofs can reduce this problem by providing habitat for such species. Last year we
highlighted a couple of London projects planted for the black redstart bird as “boutique”
greenroofs, but biodiversity has greatly risen highly into our ecological design consciousness!
Moos Filtration Plant: 1914, Wollishofen,
Zurich, Switzerland. The flat roofs have
naturally developed into meadows that are
surprisingly rich in plant species and
flowers. The area covers 3 ha and
currently contains 175 species, including 9
orchids and many species that are
endangered or rare in the Eastern Swiss
Plateau. There are approximately 6,000
examples of Orchis morio, a species
otherwise extinct in the surroundings of
Zurich (Livingroofs.org, 2008;
Greenroofs.com, 2007).
Phillips Eco-Enterprise Center: 2004,
Minneapolis, MN. The PEEC was
constructed to serve as a model for
comprehensive sustainable green building
design. The green roof project provides the
opportunity to both demonstrate and
research the benefits of green roofs
including; reductions in storm water runoff,
increased lifespan of the roof materials,
and a comparison of temperature above
the green roof versus that above a
traditional gravel ballast roof. Plant species
native to Minnesota’s bedrock bluff prairies
are studied along more traditional
European greenroof sedums
29
The GAP Headquarters (901 Cherry):
1997, San Bruno, CA. Cultivated from
native grasslands in San Francisco, the
GAP HQ is one of the first living roof
projects located in a Mediterranean
climate, providing habitat for local wildlife
and insects. “William McDonough's award
winning project integrates a vegetated roof
plane replicating the coastal savanna
ecosystem of native grasses and
wildflowers," (Rana Creek, 2007;
Greenroofs.com, 2007).
Canary Wharf: 2000-2001, London,
England. As a whole, the 86-acre Canary
Wharf Estate encompasses one of the
largest, if not the largest, overall intensive
greenroofed areas in England, at between
5,000 and 6,000 square meters. Dusty
Gedge of Livingroofs.org and Dr.
Gyongyver Kadas have studied
endangered habitats of birds, bees and
Tecticolous invertebrates here since 2002
30
Oaklyn Branch Library: 2002, Evansville,
IN. Designed to support a Mesic Meadow
Prairie native plant community that would
mirror the landscape design for the
remainder of the project, the resulting
landscape has a high habitat value and will
contribute to the restoration of prairie
landscapes in this region (Greenroofs.com,
2007).
Almeida Theatre: 2002, London, England.
Dr. Gyongyver Kadas focused early
studies on spider populations on various
London roofs pertaining to plant
architecture and substrate depth. She
identified 59 different species, which
represents 9% of the total UK spider fauna
and 26% of the total London spider fauna
31
Klinikum 2, Cantonal Hospital of Basel:
2003, Basel, Switzerland. The designers’
intention was to create "bird paradises" but they
also attract spiders such as the Cicindela
campestris, a rare and endangered species,
which great for the insect hunting birds
3M Company: 2007, Rotkreuz,
Switzerland. Improving the Lapwing
Population: Grassland plant areas are
planted on gravel roof to encourage
insects; insects and most of their larvae
are the basic food of the Northern
Lapwings chicks (Greenroofs.com, 2008).
Steinhausen Building: 2007, Steinhausen,
Switzerland. The greenroof was created to improve
biodiversity; the roof was designed to bring more
biomass and increase the food base to young
Lapwing birds (Greenroofs.com, 2008).
32
4) Institutional and Office Parks - Setting the Example:
We tend to hold large corporations and institutions to a high standard that, unfortunately, few
actually meet or exceed. Recently, however, many of these establishments are rising to the
challenge and taking responsibility for their environmental practices.
Incorporating green roofs into their headquarters or office parks and making an effort to reduce
their ecological footprint is a first step towards ultimately reversing past trends.
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day
Saints Conference Center: 2000, Salt
Lake City, UT. The largest religious
greenroof assembly in the world at
217,800 sf, the Assembly overall mass is
reduced by submerging the building into
the rising landscape so that it doesn’t
overwhelm the whole of Temple Square. In
doing so the extensive building becomes a
landscape unto itself reflecting the
mountainous terrain of the Wasatch Range
beyond. (Greenroofs.com, 2007)
Ballard Library: 2005, Seattle, WA. The
greenroof was incorporated as part of an
overall strategy to reduce and conserve
energy costs where possible. Solar panels
provided by the Seattle City Light Green
Power Panel installed on the northern
edge of the roof will monitor the amount of
electricity captured and collected onsite.
The gently curving roof is visible from the
periscope and observation deck and
invites visitors to engage in the green
roof’s ecology above the street
33
American Society of Landscape
Architects Headquarters: 2006,
Washington, D.C. ASLA’s plan was to
create a landmark demonstration project,
not only for the landscape architecture
profession and the Washington region, but
also for the allied development, design,
and construction professions. The
monitored roof contains six distinct
greenroof conditions; a large viewing
platform makes it easy for visitors to enjoy
the scenery (Greenroofs.com, 2007).
FiftyTwoDegrees Business Innovation
Center: 2006, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
The ‘bent’ tower of FiftyTwoDegrees, at
282 feet high, is the striking centerpiece of
the international business park. The
greenroof plays an important role in the
architecture and the whole stormwater
management system of the building, as it
has no connection to the sewer system of
the city of Nijmegen (Greenroofs.com,
2007).
34
William J. Clinton Presidential Library
and Museum: 2007, Little Rock, AR. The
first time the National Archives and Records
Administration supported a vegetated roof
design over precious historical documents
and former President Bill Clinton wanted
ecological design on his roof. More than 150
species will be featured, including Arkansas
bluestar, a perennial with needlelike leaves
and blue flowers, and butterflyweed, a
shrubby perennial with star-shaped orange
flowers that attracts butterflies.
Fore Street Office Development:
Current, London, England. Featuring a
series of six stepped roof gardens, the
green-roofed London office development
will cantilever over new Crossrail tunnels.
HKR claims that the building will release
20% fewer CO2 emissions than current
best practice (Clegg, 2008).
35
3) Eco-Communities & Eco-Cities:
No longer content to simply design a single house or office building, today’s designers are
taking their newfound love of green building and applying it in broad strokes – creating ecocommunities and even eco-cities. These projects leave nothing to chance. After all, what’s the
point of designing a sustainable house if it’s just going to be surrounded by environmental
sapping Mc Mansions? Instead, green homes are ringed by open spaces and eco-friendly retail
establishments, all producing more energy than they consume. And the coup de grace - green
roofs on top of everything, of course!
Bo01: 2001, Malmö, Sweden. The first
chapter in Malmö’s 20-year plan to create
a sustainable “city of tomorrow” has 600
dwellings as well as offices, shops and
more. Open stormwater run-off systems
form an important feature; rain is delayed
on green roofs, in ponds in the courtyards
and public spaces and then transported in
open channels to the sea. A "green space
factor" system encourages greenroofs and
climbing plants on the walls
(Ekostaden.com, 2008).
Sanya Mixed Use Development: Current,
Sanya, China. Along with a greenroof, the
Sanya complex will include 23 apartment
and condo buildings along with a 350-room,
five-star hotel. To enhance the natural
contours of the land, Kennon strategically
designed the community in the shape of a
continuous ribbon that winds throughout the
infrastructure of the site (Sheehan, 2007).
36
Emaar MGF Palm Drive: Current,
Gurgaon, Delhi, India. The Palm Drive is a
community spread across 37.8 acres of
land designed for contemporary living in a
green sanctuary setting with landscaped
balconies and roof gardens. The design
approach is to unify a contemporary
architecture with a botanical environment
and will include beautifully designed highrise towers and superb villas
(palmdrivegurgaon.com, 2007).
Dockside Green: Current, Victoria, British
Columbia, Canada. The eco-residential
and eco-industrial development complex,
located on 15 acres, includes condos,
apartments, townhouses and live/work
units, many with greenroofs. In addition,
the complex will include retail, office space
and restaurants and aspires to Platinum
LEED (Dockside Green, 2008).
37
Greenbridge Development: Current,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Inspiration is
‘Cradle to Cradle’ by William McDonough
and Michael Braungart, with three primary
principles of sustainability: environmental
sensitivity, social equity, and economical
vitality; aspires to Gold LEED. This
215,000-sf mixed-use residential and retail
project will be a life-support system in
harmony with energy flows, human
communities, and other living systems
(Chapa, 2007).
Eco Bay Complex: Current, Abu Dhabi,
United Arab Emirates. Eco-Bay is bas ed
on the idea of a “green oasis of ecological
living.” This oasis is conceived as a
network of passively-cooled gardens and
public spaces beginning with a large plaza
at ground level, which then winds its way
up to the sky as a series of pocket gardens
floating within each of the five towers
38
2) Cool Green Schools - Not Just for “Higher” Education:
Admit it – school would be a pretty nifty place if your 5th period biology class was held on the
building’s roof, if your home economics class used produce harvested from overhead for a
cooking demonstration, or if part of your environmental science class was devoted to green
building practices.
This year, the trend in school design is creating roofs that can be employed by students, either
through physical use or curriculum integration.
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
Great Lakes Water Institute : 2003,
Milwaukee, WI. The purpose was to
demonstrate an innovative and costeffective stormwater Best Management
Practice that can be utilized in the
Milwaukee metropolitan area and within
the University of Wisconsin System
Woodward Academy, Jordan N. Carlos Middle
School Art Building: 2004, College Park, GA.
The Jordan N. Carlos Middle School Campus
consists of three LEED-certified buildings and 2.3
acres of outdoor open space. The Art Building is
the first building on campus with an extensive
green roof, which is visible from the third floor
science labs across the courtyard in the
Classroom Building (Greenroofs.com, 2008).
39
School of Art, Design and Media at
Nanyang Technological University:
2006, Singapore. With its glass façade, the
5 story Art School “sweeps a wooded
corner of the campus with an organic,
vegetated form that blends landscape and
structure, nature and high-tech and
symbolizes the creativity it houses”
(Inhabitat, 2008). Rain water is collected
from the roofs and channeled into a
storage tank for irrigation of the turf
(DesignShare, 2008).
Sidwell Friends Middle School: 2006,
Washington, D.C. Sidwell Friends is a preK through 12th-grade Quaker independent
school, and its middle school received U.S.
Green Building Council LEED-NC,
v.2/v.2.1 Platinum level with 57 points. It is
the first secondary school in the United
States to have a LEED Platinum rating and
the first LEED Platinum building in the
District of Columbia (Greenroofs.com,
2007).
40
The Nueva School’s Hillside Learning Complex: 2007, Hillsborough, CA. Spaces and
systems are designed to support Nueva’s spirit of creative interaction while fostering a
strong understanding of environmental stewardship among students and faculty. Green
features include filtered natural light and energy-efficient lighting, living roofs, solar
panels, non-toxic building materials, and recycled wood harvested from the building site.
Plants on the living roof are organized into different zones designed for specific habitat,
wildlife, and ecological functions. (Greenroofs.com, 2008).
Applied Research and Development Building, Northern Arizona University: 2007,
Flagstaff, AZ. Northern Arizona University has gone LEED platinum with a new 60,000square-foot research building. A photovoltaic array generates up to 20 percent of its
power, and it has a vegetated roof with indigenous plants (Greenroofs.com, 2008).
41
and…VISIONARY PROJECTS FOR THE #1 SPOT:
What makes a project visionary? Innovative solutions to environmental, social, and economic
design challenges necessitate a combination of the above trends at various scales with a higher
purpose for a higher good. Some of these projects are constructed, and others may still be on
the books, but these are the ones that will define greenroofs for years to come for their
ingenuity, productivity and compassion for both the human and built environments.
This year we have chosen the U.S. Green Building Council’s LEED™ green rating system
examples to illustrate visionary projects, symbolizing the very best in innovative ecological
design today. Although there are several international systems gaining momentum to rival it and
make it even better, we believe LEED type projects not only incorporate but embrace
sustainable architectural elements:
1) The Influence of LEED on Design Professionals = Pushing the Green Envelope:
Interest in LEED has exploded over the past few years. The importance of LEED in furthering
both the application and acceptance of greenroofs cannot be overstated. Greenroofs can
directly and indirectly contribute as many as 13 to 23 LEED certification points, depending on
the extent of the greenroof and the interpretation of the USGBC rating system.
As local, state, and even federal governments increasingly require their new construction to
meet LEED standards, greenroofs are rapidly being incorporated into the building vernacular.
Design professionals are becoming more fluent with the language of green buildings and more
comfortable with its associated components, including greenroofs. This has ultimately resulted
in the inclusion of green roofs in projects wholly unrelated to LEED.
Here are a couple of survey commentaries answering our question “How important do you see
the proliferation of LEED buildings as a market driver?“:
Joe DiNorscia, Managing Director of Skyland USA LLC says, "Although the LEED certification
process is a great thing, in terms of driving or influencing the green roof market, I think the effect
is minimal. Green roofs don't gain a lot of LEED points in the grand scheme."
Bill Brigham, ASLA, Principal Landscape Architect/Project Manager with the City of Atlanta,
replies, “Very Important but LEED needs to give greenroofs much more "points" then they
currently do. Greenroofs only offer the same points as a bike rake does????”
42
Many of our projects listed in the 2008 Top Ten List happen to be LEED certified, and we
believe this is more than a trend; it is simply the wave of the future. So it is no wonder that our
#1 2008 Top Ten Trend in Greenroof Design is:
“The Influence of LEED on Design Professionals”
These particular projects that follow are visionary on multiple levels and illustrate how the
USGBC’s green rating system has more than entered our design consciousness – it is once
green building program which is firmly ensconced in our bottom line for sustainability agendas,
socially responsible building, and beautiful environmental design.
Is LEED a panacea for all types of green building? Certainly not, but the inroads for establishing
standards which have been trailblazed cannot be overlooked:
The Solaire - 20 River Terrace : 2003,
New York, New York. Located in lower
Manhattan, the 27-story, glass-and-brick
Solaire residential tower is directly
adjacent to the site of the former World
Trade Center, and meets both the recently
enacted New York State Green Building
Tax Credit and USGBC Gold LEED
certification (41 points). The Solaire is the
first green residential high-rise in North
America (Greenroofs.com, 2008).
OHSU Center for Health & Healing:
2006, Portland, OR. The Oregon Health &
Science University's (OHSU) Center for
Health & Healing is the first medical and
research facility in the U.S. to receive
LEED® platinum certification. It employs a
number of sustainability strategies,
including photovoltaic arrays on its
sunscreens, a trombe wall to collect and
circulate solar heat, a gas-fueled power
system, an on-site wastewater treatment
plant, and an eco roof (Boniface, 2007).
43
Cook+Fox Architects LLP: 2006, New
York, NY. The architects incorporated a
modular greenroof of eight types of
sedums and talinum on their headquarters
consisting of 800+ GreenPaks, and
received Platinum certification under LEED
for Commercial Interiors (CI). Collaborating
with the nonprofit Gaia Institute, ongoing
research is conducted by Cook+Fox to
study water retention and growth rates of
the sedums, using methodology developed
by the Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Green Roof Collaborative
Florida's Showcase Green Envirohome :
2008, Indialantic, FL. A multi-phase
installation of 5 research greenroofs with
100% native enviroscape plants working
with the University of Central Florida, the
Florida's Showcase Green Envirohome will
become a “Near-Zero Runoff Home™”,
have the first “whole house” graywater
reuse system approved in the entire State
of Florida, and follows 13 green building
guideline programs, including points for
surpassing Platinum LEED. One year of
scheduled walkthroughs open to the public
at no charge is planned in 2009 (Mark
Baker, 2008).
44
Maui Medical Plaza at Kanaha: Current,
Maui, Hawaii. The vision is to develop a
building that serves Maui and its residents,
providing an architectural character that
blends into the community and strives to
satisfy our ever growing need for state-ofthe-art medical care. At each two-story
level there are promenades and roof
gardens to break up the vertical
appearance; planned to be LEED Certified
(MauiMedicalPlaza.com, 2008).
Regent Park: Current, Toronto, Canada.
The Toronto Community Housing
Corporation (TCHC) is pushing the agenda
on design and sustainability with a $1
billion effort to rebuild an inner city housing
project. A team of architects including
architects Alliance and Diamond and
Schmitt has prepared plans to redevelop a
1950s-era public housing complex
designed to achieve LEED Gold
certification. Many of the new buildings will
have green roofs and other sustainable
features (Bozikovic, A, 2007).
45
The U-Life Building: Current, Incheon,
South Korea. A "green urbanism" pilot
project by the U.S. Green Building
Council, the architecture and urban design
firm HOK recently unveiled its design for
the project slated to be the first
commercial building to achieve LEED
Platinum from the U.S. Green Building
Council in Korea, is part of architecture
firm Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates'
master plan for the Songdo international
business complex, billed as the largest
private real estate development in history
(Tamarin, N, 2008).
Dongtan: Current, Dongtan, China. Arup has
designed a mega-metropolis of a green city to use
energy from wind, solar, bio-fuel and recycled city
waste. Clean technologies such as hydrogen fuel
cells will power public transport. A network of cycle
and footpaths will help the city achieve close to zero
vehicle emissions. It has been said that if Dongtan
lives up to expectations, it will serve as a model for
cities across China and the rest of the developing
world (Storm, 2008; McGray, 2007).
46
The Bank of America Tower: Current (late 2009), New York, NY. This 2.1
million square-foot green tower will be Platinum LEED. The international
financial giant has earmarked $20 billion to encourage the growth of
environmentally sustainable business practices through lending, investing,
philanthropy and new products and services. The 4,545 sf of planted roof areas
will be designed to reduce the urban heat island effect and the tower will
capture and re-use nearly all rainwater, saving millions of clean water (Lyne,
2004; Hartley, 2008).
Conclusion
The proliferation of multi media and the ease of digital information sharing influence our daily
lives, allowing greater exposure to and fusion of creative architectural solutions. In effect, our
increasing global interactions are making our actual global distances appear less and as
designers, our designs can only benefit through open debate and feedback. Organic
architecture and greenroof design will continue to inspire and even amaze us as we continue to
experience visionary projects from around the world through shared international collaboration.
We appreciated adding your comments to our selection of the Top 10 Greenroof Design Trends
for 2008, and if you did not have an opportunity to participate in our 2008 Greenroof Design
Trends Survey , please do so for 2009!
47
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49
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51
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54

the 2008 top 10 hot trends in greenroof design

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