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iTunes Amy Grude Voratima Orawannukul Ryan Rindler Nick Senske Mike Toulouse Mike Wise iTunes Methods & Findings Introduction Design Solutions Introduction • World’s most popular jukebox - Over 100 million users - search sort rip burn share shop • But iTunes doesn’t just play music 2 of 47 Day Scenario Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Night Scenario Introduction • iTunes has recently expanded into additional forms of media 3 of 47 iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Apple’s Human Interface Guidelines • Reflect the user’s mental model • Direct manipulation • User control • Feedback and communication • Consistency • Forgiveness • Perceived stability 4 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Methods & Findings Introduction Design Solutions Day Scenario Introduction to Problems • Organizational Complexity of iTunes - Unintuitive controls Complex functionality Error handling • Active Attention Requirements - Monitor and control playback “Background” music 5 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario iTunes Evaluation • Cognitive Storyboards/Walkthroughs • Heuristic Evaluations • Personas 6 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario iTunes Storyboards • Connecting and disconnecting an iPod • Importing music and folders to iTunes & changing metadata • Deletion of duplicate songs • Adding lyrics to songs • Search system • Movie/Video Playback 7 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario iTunes Search System • Primitive - Lacks history Lacks Feedback No “fuzziness” • Poor status indication - Distant from related items • Lack of contextual links 8 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Night Scenario Search System: Heuristics Violated • Visibility of system status • Reduce short term memory load • Support error prevention and management • Permit easy reversal of action • User control and freedom • Offer informative feedback 9 of 47 iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario iTunes Search System 10 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Day Scenario Design Solutions Consideration of Cognitive Triad Agent 3 Personas Representations World Walkthroughs Search System Problems 11 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Personas • Developed independently by 3 group members to understand the agents themselves and the world they work and play in Tammy Daveryn 12 of 47 Jonathan Night Scenario Introduction iTunes Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Persona: “Tammy” • Computer Novice - Owns an iBook Recently received iPod as a gift • Aspiring Writer - Uses web, email, IM and Word extensively - Has begun to convert her CD collection • Loves jazz 13 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Personas: Common Thread • iTunes is rarely the focal computing task • User goals involve listening to their music - “Also, like most students, Daveryn listens to his music almost everywhere. He brought his entire CD collection to college and has uploaded a handful of them to his computer. Although he downloaded iTunes, he prefers Winamp for everyday music listening.” 14 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario A Fundamental Flaw • iTunes does not support user preferences - Relies strictly on deterministic playlists Only pure randomization or “smart shuffle” offered to relieve users of burden of song selection Task switching on a GUI is time intensive iTunes is limited by users’ overt choices 15 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario “User Control and Freedom?” 16 of 47 Night Scenario Introduction iTunes Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Night Scenario Evaluation Results • Targets for Improvement Identified - Search/Browse system overhaul needed Consideration of user preferences must be greatly improved (affective computing) • Must take more into account than a person’s playlist • • Implicitly and explicitly expressed preferences Understanding the users’ language 17 of 47 Introduction iTunes Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Night Scenario Focus of Redesign • iBrowse - Contextual browsing using a recommender system - Intelligent song selection based on surroundings • SmartPlay 18 of 47 iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Web Browsing 19 of 47 Day Scenario Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Browsing on YouTube 20 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Browsing in Stores 21 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario iBrowse • Based on recommender system technology 22 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions iBrowse Launch iBrowse 23 of 47 Day Scenario Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions iBrowse Sample 24 of 47 Day Scenario Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Work & Play with iTunes 25 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Sensor Technology Sensors Database/Engine 26 of 47 Software/Visualization Night Scenario iTunes iTunes iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions SmartPlay 29 of 47 Day Scenario Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Scenario 1: Desktop SmartPlay Typical Scenario 30 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Scenario 1: Desktop SmartPlay Typical Scenario 30 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Scenario 1: Desktop SmartPlay Typical Scenario Launch Tammy’s Computer 31 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Scenario 1: Desktop SmartPlay Chaotic Scenario 32 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Scenario 1: Desktop SmartPlay Chaotic Scenario Norah Jones Album: Come Away with Me Song: Don’t Know Why 33 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Scenario 1: Desktop SmartPlay Chaotic Scenario Norah Jones Album: Come Away with Me Song: Don’t Know Why 33 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Scenario 1: Desktop SmartPlay Chaotic Scenario Nickelback Album: All The Right Reasons Song: Far Away 34 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Scenario 1: Desktop SmartPlay Chaotic Scenario Nickelback Album: All The Right Reasons Song: Far Away 34 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Scenario 1: Desktop SmartPlay Chaotic Scenario Nelly Furtado Album: Loose Song: Maneater 35 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Scenario 1: Desktop SmartPlay Chaotic Scenario Nelly Furtado Album: Loose Song: Maneater 35 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Day Scenario Scenario 1: Desktop SmartPlay Chaotic Scenario The Wallflowers Album: Bringing Down the Horse Song: One Headlight 36 of 47 Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Night Time Scenario 37 of 47 Scenario 1 Scenario 2 iTunes iTunes iTunes iTunes iTunes iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings 43 of 47 Design Solutions Scenario 1 Scenario 2 iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Launching iBrowse Day Scenario Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Launching iBrowse Day Scenario Night Scenario iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Launching iBrowse Day Scenario Night Scenario iTunes 45 of 47 iTunes iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusions • Many improvements to iTunes with minimal additional user investment • Adaptive interface - step towards the future • iBrowse + SmartPlay • Caution: Cognitive aspects of the system must be considered 47 of 47 iTunes Introduction Methods & Findings Design Solutions Questions? Scenario 1 Scenario 2
