National Agricultural Innovation Project

Transcription

Final Report
National Agricultural
Innovation Project
Indian Council of Agricultural Research
Developing Sustainable Farming System Models for
Prioritized Micro watershed in Rainfed areas in Jharkhand
Birsa Agricultural University
Ranchi, Jharkhand
Final Report
National Agricultural
Innovation Project
Indian Council of Agricultural
Research
Developing Sustainable Farming System
Models for Prioritized
Micro watershed in Rainfed areas in
Jharkhand
Ranchi, Jharkhand
Final Report (NAIP) BAU 2014
Printed on
:
31st March 2014
Component
:
3
Citation
:
Final Report (2007-14) : Developing Sustainable Farming System
Models for Prioritized Micro watershed in Rainfed areas in Jharkhand,
BAU, Ranchi, NAIP, Component -3
Copyright
:
Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
Disclaimer
:
The information printed in this report is the input received from
consortia partners. Barring the typographical errors, if any, it is
subject to correctness and relevance of the information provided by
the consortia partners.
Published by
:
Dr. M. P. Pandey, Consortia Leader and Vice Chancellor, Birsa
Agricultural University, Ranchi- 834006
Phone no. 0651-2450500, email: vc@bauranchi.org
Edited by
:
Dr. A. K. Singh, Professor & CPI, BAU; Dr. A. K. Jaiswal, Principal
Scientist, IINRG,(ICAR); Dr. R.S. Pan, Principal Scientist, ICAR
RCER Research Centre, Ranchi; Dr. C.V. Singh, Senior Scientist,
CRURRS, (ICAR) Hazaribagh and Dr. S. Karmakar, Professor
Agronomy, BAU, Ranchi.
Compiled/contributed by
:
Dr. A. K. Singh, Professor & CPI, BAU; Dr. A. K. Jaiswal, Principal
Scientist, IINRG, (ICAR); Dr. R.S. Pan, Principal Scientist, ICAR
RCER Research Centre, Ranchi and Dr. C.V. Singh, Senior Scientist,
CRURRS, (ICAR), Hazaribagh
Hindi translation
:
Dr. A. K. Singh, Professor & CPI, Department of Aquaculture, Birsa
Agricultural University, Ranchi
Cover page Photographs
:
Oyster mushroom production by farm women of village Jiyather,
Dumka block, Dist. Dumka & Lalat variety of Paddy at village
Gajanda, Jama block, District Dumka.
Printed at
:
Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
IV
V
Preface
Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in Dumka and Jamtara districts. Most of the farmers are small
and marginal. With limited resources and conventional agriculture of these does not provide food security.
The farmers have to migrate as labourers towards the town for livelihood. To develop a suitable farming
system model National Agricultural Innovation Project (NAIP) approved a Sub project “Developing
Sustainable Farming System models for Prioritized Micro watersheds in Rainfed areas in Jharkhand”
with Birsa Agricultural University as the Lead Centre and ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region
Research Centre (Formerly HARP), Plandu, P.O. Rajaulatu, Namkum, Ranchi; Indian Institute of Natural
Resin and Gums, Namkum, Ranchi and Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station, Hazaribagh as
cooperating partners. The project was implemented in two disadvantaged districts namely, Dumka and
Jamtara. The total beneficiaries were 2200 in 32 villages; mostly marginal and small farmers of SC/ST
category.
I am grateful to former National Directors, Dr. Mrityunjay and Dr. Bangali Baboo and present National
Director, Dr. D. Rama Rao as well as Dr. A. P. Srivastava, National Coordinator for their monitoring,
advice, guidance, support and financial help for the project from 2007-2014.
I express my profound and sincere gratitude to Dr. M. P. Pandey, Consortia Leader and Vice- Chancellor;
Dr. N. N. Singh, Former Vice-Chancellor; Dr. B. N. Singh, Ex-Director of Research and Dr. D. K.
Singh “Dron”, Addl. Director Research, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi for their help, advice and
suggestions for successful implementation of the project.
I am thankful to Dr. Kirti Singh, CAC Chairman & Former Chairman, ASRB; Dr. B. P. Jain, Ex. Chairman,
Horticulture, B.A.U.; Dr. S. Tiwary, Ex. ADR; Chief General Manager NABARD; Director SAMETI,
Jharkhand Mr. Sanad Hansda; Secretary, Holicross Society, Hazaribagh; Ram Krishna Mission Ashram,
Ranchi and Secretary, PRADAN for their suggestions for improvement during the project implementation.
I am thankful to Dr. A. K. Sarkar, Former Dean, Ranchi Agriculture College, BAU who designed the
project and Dr. S. K. Pal, Professor, Agronomy and Ex - CPI who gave the project a strong footing and
for their support & guidance for the betterment of the project.
I am thankful to the officials of ATMA, Dumka and Jamtara, the Project Coordinator, the scientists of
KVK of Dumka and Jamtara, Scientists of ZRS, Dumka for their support in implementation of the project.
I sincerely thank all the CCPIs, CoPIs, Associated Scientists, Research Associates, Linkmen and Office
Assistants of NAIP unit of BAU and staffs of Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences
and Animal Husbandry, BAU for their hard work and excellent cooperation to make the programme a
success.
Place:Ranchi
(A.K.Singh)
CPI
Date :31.03.2014
VII
CONTENTS
Foreword
Preface
lkjka'k
Executive Summary
Part-I: General Information of Sub-project
Part-II: Technical Details
Introduction
Objectives of the Sub-project
Technical Profile of the Sub-project
Achievements and Target objective wise
Baseline Analysis
Research Achievements
Innovations
Process/Product/Technology Developed
Linkages and Collaborations
Status on Environmental and Social Safeguard Aspects
Constraints and Remedial Measures Taken
Publications
Media Products Developed/Disseminated
Meetings/Seminars/Trainings/Kisan Mela etc. organized
Performance Indicators
Employment Generation
Assets Generated
Steps Undertaken for Post NAIP Sustainability
Possible Future Line of Work
Personnel
Governance, Management, Implementation and Coordination
Part-III: Budget and Utilization
Part-IV: Declaration
Annexure 1: Details of the farming system models
Annexure 2: Village activity map of Project before and after NAIP
Plate 1 : Gajanda
Plate 2 : Palasi
Plate 3 : Rupiadih
Plate 4 : Madnadih
Plate 5 : Majhladih
Plate 6 : Andipur
Plate 7 : Guhiyajori
Plate 8 : Rampur
Annexure 3: Midterm evaluation report conducted by Xavier Institute of Social
Service(XISS), Ranchi
Annexure 4: Farmers’ feedback
IX
Page No.
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Lkkjka'k
Hkkjrh; Ñf"k vuqla/kku ifj"kn us jk"Vªh; Ñf"k uoksUes"kh ifj;kstuk ß>kj[k.M ds o"kkZfJr fpfUgr lw{e tyNktu
{ks= esa fVdkÅ lesfdr Ñf"k iz.kkyh dk fodklÞ uked ,d ifj;kstuk dh LohÑfr nhA bl ifj;kstuk esa fcjlk
Ñf"k fo'ofo|ky;] jk¡ph eq[; laLFkku vkSj Hkkjrh; Ñf"k vuqla/kku ifj"kn ds rhu laLFkku % iwohZ {ks= ds fy, Hkkjrh;
Ñf"k vuqla/kku ifj"kn dk vuqla/kku ifjlj] Hkkjrh; izkÑfrd jky ,oa xksan laLFkku] jk¡ph vkSj dsUnzh; mijkÅ¡ Hkwfe
o"kkZfJr pkoy vuqla/kku dsUnz] gtkjhckx us lg;ksxh laLFkku ds :i esa dke fd;kA ;g ifj;kstuk 2007&2014 rd
>kj[k.M ds fiNM+s ftys nqedk vkSj tkerkM+k ds pkj iz[k.Mksa esa dk;kZfUor fd;k x;kA
;g ifj;kstuk 32 xk¡oksa esa yxHkx 2200 ifjokjksa ds chp dk;kZfUor fd;k x;kA bl ifj;kstuk dk eq[; mís';
fdlkuksa ds ikl miyC/k lalk/kuksa dk mi;ksx dj muds thfodksiktZu esa lq/kkj djuk jgk gSA
ifj;kstuk izkjaHk ds iwoZ fd;s x;s losZ{k.k ls Kkr gqvk %
p;fur xk¡oksa dh tula[;k esa 60-42% vkfnoklh( 6-21% vuqlwfpr tutkfr( 30-28% fiNM+k oxZ ,oa 3-09%
vU; oxZ ds fuoklh FksA
;gk¡ Hkwfeghu 0-97%( e>kSys fdlku 22-64%( NksVs fdlku 7-54%( v)Z e/;e fdlku 7-54% ,oa e/;e fdlku
1-2% FksA
;gk¡ ds yksxksa dk eq[; is'kk Ñf"k rFkk Øe'k%
O;olk; FksA
2%
,oa
12.42%
Qly l?kurk
flQZ
7%
flQZ
35%
;gk¡ ds ifjokj dh okf"kZd vkenuh ý- 24]465@& FkhA
;gk¡ thfodksiktZu ds fy, iyk;u 1&6 ekg rd dk FkkA
94-114%
ds ikl vkenuh ds vU; lzksr tSls ukSdjh ,oa
rd FkhA
[ksrh ;ksX; tehu esa flapkbZ dh lqfo/kk FkhA
yksxksa ds ikl 6 ekg dk Hkkstu miyC/k FkkA
ifj;kstuk {ks= ds fdlkuksa dks Ñf"k esas vkus okyh ijs'kkfu;ksa dk Hkh v/;;u fd;k x;k vkSj blh ds vk/kkj ij
ifj;kstuk ds rgr~ dk;ZØe cuk;s x;sA
ikuh ,d eq[; leL;k gS gkykafd bl {ks= esa o"kkZ yxHkx 1400 fe-eh-@o"kZ gksrh gSA o"kkZ ty dks lafpr djus
dk dk;ZØe fd;k x;kA tylap; dks c<+kus ds fy, 8 u;s rkykc ¼100 x 100 x 10 QhV½ rFkk 18 iqjkus rkykc
dk th.kksZ)kj fd;k x;kA blds QyLo:i 85600 eh-3 ty lap; esa c<+ksÙkjh gqbZA ftlls vf/kdrj rkykc okf"kZd
gks x;s ,oa 23 gsDVs;j {ks= esa jch Qly dks flapkbZ miyC/k djk;h tk ldhA lHkh izdkj ds tehu esa NksVs xïs
¼10 x 10 x 10 QhV½ cuk;s x;s ftlls izR;sd xïs }kjk 0-02 gsDVs;j esa lfCt;ksa dh [ksrh dks c<+kok fn;k x;kA
,slk ns[kk x;k fd tks xïs fupyh vkSj e/;e tehu esa cuk;s x;s os vf/kd mi;ksxh jgsA Qyksa ds cxhps esa MksHkk
¼3 x 1.5 x 1 eh-½ cuk;k x;k ftlesa IykfLVd fcNk;k x;k gS rFkk Åij ls <Ddu dh O;oLFkk dh x;h rkfd
ok"ihdj.k ls Hkh ikuh dks cpk;k tk ldsA ;g MksHkk cxhps esa ikuh tek djus ds fy, dkQh mi;ksxh jghA Qy
okys o`{kksa esa ?kM+k }kjk flapkbZ fof/k dks izpkfjr fd;k x;kA bl fof/k ls flapkbZ }kjk ijaijkxr fof/k ls flapkbZ dh
1
rqyuk esa ikuh dh yxHkx 50% dh cpr gqbZA unh dq.M ,d uoksUes"kh i)fr dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k tks jch ds Qlyksa
esa flapkbZ ds fy, dkQh mi;ksxh fl) gqbZA bl fof/k }kjk fdlku flapkbZ ds ijaijkxr rjhds ls gksus okys [kpZ esa
ý- 13]875@rhu o"kZ esa cpr dj ldsA
[ksrksa dh e`nk tk¡p dh xbZ rFkk fdlkuksa dks e`nk LokLF; dkMZ miyC/k djk;k x;kA fdlkuksa dks e`nk tk¡p ds
vk/kkj ij gh jklk;fud [kkn ds mi;ksx dh lykg nh x;h blls jklk;fud [kkn ds vfoosdiw.kZ iz;ksx dks de
fd;k tk ldkA e`nk dh vEyh;rk dks lq/kkjus ds fy, Qly yxkus ds le; D;kfj;ksa esa pwuk@MksyksekbV dk iz;ksx
4 fDoaVy@gsDVs;j dh nj ls dkQh mi;ksxh ik;k x;kA vjgj ,oa ljlksa ds mRiknu ij pwuk@MksyksekbV ds iz;ksx
dk vPNk izHkko feykA
ifj;kstuk {ks= esa vf/kdka'k mijkÅ¡ tehu ¼<yku 3%½ ijrh jgrh FkhA bu {ks=ksa dh e`nk dk v/;;u fd;k x;k
vkSj e`nk LokLF; ,oa esM+ ds vk/kkj ij fdlkuksa dks Qly yxkus dh lykg nh x;hA bu ijrh tehu esa fdlku us
MksyksekbV dk mi;ksx dj VekVj dh [ksrh dhA dqy feykdj 40 gsDVs;j ijrh tehu dks lq/kkj dj [ksrh ;ksX;
cuk;k x;kA
ifj;kstuk {ks= esa fdlku dEiksLV cuk;k djrs FksA mUgsa ,tsVkscSDVj vkSj QkWLQsV ?kqykus okys cSDVhfj;k dk mi;ksx
dj vf/kd iks"kdrk okys dEiksLV rFkk dsapqvk [kkn cukus dh fof/k crk;h x;h rFkk bldk izpkj&izlkj fd;k x;k
rkfd fdlku }kjk larqfyr [kkn ds iz;ksx dks c<+kok fn;k tk ldsA ifj;kstuk ds xk¡oksa esa vf/kd iks"kdrk okys
dEiksLV vkSj dsapqvk [kkn ds fuekZ.k gsrq 78 lajpuk LFkkfir dh x;hA
Qlyksa ds mRiknu dks c<+kus ds fy, vf/kd mit nsus okyh fdLeksa dks yk;k x;k ftlls mRiknu 60-115% rd
c<+ x;kA fdlkuksa dks cht mRiknu esa izf'k{k.k fn;k x;k vkSj oSKkfudksa dh enn ls fdlkuksa us 4700 fDoaVy cht
dk mRiknu fd;kA fdlkuksa }kjk mRikfnr cht yksxksa us vkil esa vnyk&cnyh dh rFkk vius iM+ksfl;ksa dks Hkh cspkA
ifj;kstuk {ks= esa cht mRiknu ls cht cnyus dh nj 20% rd c<+ x;hA
ifj;kstuk {ks= esa cht ls ikS/kksa dks rS;kj djus ds fy, NksVs IykfLVd ds lqjax ¼ikWyhVusy½ miyC/k djk;s x;s rFkk
blds Qk;ns dks fdlkuksa dks crk;k x;kA de Å¡pkbZ okys IykfLVd ds lqjax esa le; ls iwoZ lfCt;ksa dh [ksrh dh
rduhd dks iznf'kZr fd;k x;k [kkldj yÙkjnkj lfCt;ksa ds ckjs esa rkfd le; ls iwoZ buds mRiknu ls fdlku
dks vPNh vkenuh fey ldsA ijrh tehu ds leqfpr mi;ksx ds fy, blesa vke vkSj ve:n ds cxhps yxk;s x;sA
ifj;kstuk {ks= esa csj vkSj iyk'k ds dkQh isM+ miyC/k gSa ftudk fdlku }kjk dksbZ [kkl mi;ksx ugha fd;k tkrk
FkkA bu isM+ksa ij Þjaxhuhß vkSj ßdqlqehÞ ykg ds mRiknu dks c<+kok nsdj fdlkuksa us ý- 1500@isM+@Qly dk ykHk
dek;kA ;g vfrfjDr vkenuh lq[kkM+ esa fdlkuksa dks lqj{kk iznku djrk gSA ykg dh [ksrh ls vkSlru fdlku dks
ý- 6000@ifjokj dh vkenuh feyhA
vkfnoklh {ks=ksa esa NksVs ns'kh tkuojksa dk ikyu vke ckr gS ysfdu blls vkenuh dkQh de gksrh gS ifj;kstuk {ks=
esa mUur fdLe ds lwdj ¼Vh- x Mh-½] cÙk[k ¼[kkdh dSEicsy½] eqxhZ ¼xzkefiz;k] oujktk ,oa fnO;k;u jsM½] CySd caxky
cdjh ,oa chVy cdjk yk;k x;kA
,slk ns[kk x;k fd chVy cdjk ,oa CySd caxky cdfj;ksa ds ladj.k ls mRiUu cPps dh c<+r nj vf/kd gksrh gSA
,d o"kZ esa ladj uLy ds cPps dk otu 18 fdyksxzke gks x;k tcfd lkekU; cPps dk otu 12 fdyksxzke vFkkZr~
2
,d gh ifjfLFkfr esa cPps ds otu esa 6 fdyksxzke dh c<+ksÙkjh ik;h x;hA chVy cdjk ls ladj.k djkus ij cdfj;ksa
esa cPps Hkh vf/kd feyrs gSaA eosf'k;ksa esa e`R;qnj vf/kd Fkh ysfdu [kqjgk&pidk jksx ,oa ih-ih-vkj- rFkk isV ds
Ñfeuk'kd nok ds fu;fer iz;ksx ls eosf'k;ksa ds LokLF; esa lq/kkj gqvk rFkk e`R;qnj esa 70% rd dh deh vk;hA
ifj;kstuk ds xk¡oksa esa gLrpkfyr pkjk dkVus dh e'khu ,oa ÞVªsfHklß yxk;k x;k rkfd eosf'k;ksa ds j[kj[kko ,oa
bykt esa lqfo/kk gks ldsA
ifj;kstuk {ks= esa miyC/k rkykcksa vkSj u, cuk;s x;s rkykcksa esa mUur fdLe ds jksgw] dryk] e`xy vkSj dkWeu
dkiZ ds cht dk lap; fd;k x;k ftlls fdlkuksa dks 0-12 gsDVs;j rkykc ls ý- 6000@ifjokj@o"kZ dh vfrfjDr
vkenuh feyhA
Ñf"k esa efgykvksa dk egÙoiw.kZ ;ksxnku gS muds dfBu Je dks de djus vkSj l'kfDrdj.k ds fy, Ñf"k esa dke
vkus okys dqN NksVs&NksVs vkStkj tSls gLrpkfyr /kku >kM+us dh e'khu] g¡lqvk] Mp gks] Qhaxj foMj] dksuks ohMj
rFkk cht j[kus ds fy, Mªe miyC/k djk;s x;sA efgykvksa ds l'kfDrdj.k ds fy, [kq[kM+h mRiknu ,oa Qly vkSj
lfCt;ksa ds ewY;o)Zu esa izf'k{k.k fn;k x;kA yxHkx 189 efgyk;sa lewg cukdj [kq[kM+h dk mRiknu dj jgh gSa vkSj
nwljh efgykvksa dks Hkh blds fy, izksRlkfgr dj jgh gSaA [kq[kM+h dk mRiknu 1&2 fdyksxzke izfr cSx feyk ftls
efgykvksa us ý- 80&120@fdyksxzke dh nj ls LFkkuh; cktkj esa cspkA ,slk ns[kk x;k fd [kq[kM+h dk mRiknu /kku
ds Hkwls dh rqyuk esa xsgw¡ ds Hkwls esa vf/kd ik;k x;kA vkSlru izfr efgyk dks ý- 500&1000@ekg dh vfrfjDr
vkenuh izkIr gks jgh FkhA
ifj;kstuk {ks= esa pyk;s x;s dk;ZØe ds vk/kkj ij fofHkUu jdck okys fdlkukssa ds Ñf"k ds izk:i fodflr fd;s
x,] ftls viukdj fdlku viuh vkenuh dks c<+k ldrs gSaA Hkwfeghu fdlku ds fy, i'kqikyu thfodksiktZu
ds fy, vPNk lk/ku gS [kkldj NksVk ifjokj ¼tSlk fd lk/kkj.kr% vkfnoklh ifjokjksa esa gksrk gS½ eos'kh ikyu ls
ý- 25]150@o"kZ dh vfrfjDr vkenuh ik ldrk gSA e>kSys vkSj NksVs fdlku /kku vkSj ykg vk/kkfjr lesfdr Ñf"k
iz.kkyh ls Øe'k% ý- 34]744@o"kZ vkSj ý- 59]806@o"kZ dh vfrfjDr vkenuh ik ldrs gSaA
ifj;kstuk dh lekfIr ij ifj;kstuk }kjk fd;s x;s dk;ksZa ds izHkko dk v/;;u fd;k x;k vkSj ik;k x;k fd
ifj;kstuk ds iwoZ fdlku dh vkSlr vkenuh ý- 24]446@ifjokj@o"kZ Fkk tks 6 o"kksZa esa c<+dj ý- 73]684@& gks x;k
tcfd xSj ,u-,-vkbZ-ih- xk¡oksa esa ;g vHkh Hkh ý- 23]471@ifjokj@o"kZ gh gSA fdlkuksa dh vkenuh esa gqbZ c<+ksÙkjh
dks fdlku cPpksa dh i<+kbZ vkSj ?kj dh t:jr ds lkekuksa dks [kjhnus esa [kpZ dj jgs gSa blls izrhr gks jgk gS fd
buds thfodksiktZu esa lq/kkj gqvk vkSj buds jgu&lgu dk Lrj c<+ jgk gSA
mijksDr rF;ksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, ifj;kstuk }kjk fuEufyf[kr ifj.kke feys gSa(
fdlkuksa ds thfodksiktZu ds lzksr esa ykg] cdjh ,oa lwdj ikyu ls c<+ksÙkjh gqbZA
fdlkuksa ¼efgyk ,oa iqjÿ"k½ dks thfodksiktZu ds vU; mik;ksa ds fy, izf'k{k.k feyk rkfd os nwljs mik;ksa tSls
mUur lCth] [kq[kM+h mRiknu ,oa Qyksa rFkk lfCt;ksa esa ewY;o)Zu dks Hkh viuk ldsaA
fdlkuksa dks thfodksiktZu ds fy, fofo/khdj.k dh tkudkjh nh x;hA
o"kkZty lap;u gsrq cuk;s x;s lajpukvksa ls fdlku [kjhQ ds ckn jch dh Hkh Qly ys ik jgs gaSA blds
ifj.kke dkQh vPNs feys gSa ftls vkxs Hkh viukus dh vko';drk gS rkfd nwjxkeh ifj.kke fey ldsA
3
/kku ds mRiknu dks ykg ,oa lfCt;ksa dh [ksrh ls c<+kok feyk gSA
88 Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dk xBu fd;k x;k ftlesa ls 72 dk cSad esa [kkrk gS vkSj buds ikl ý- 10]37]000@&
miyC/k gS rkfd ifj;kstuk ds ykHkdkjh dk;ZØeksa dks vkxs Hkh pyk;k tk ldsA
ifj;kstuk ds iwoZ fdlkuksa ds ikl thfodksiktZu ds lhfer fodYi Fks ysfdu ifj;kstuk ls bu fodYiksa esa o`f)
gqbZ gSA
fdlkuksa ds ikl miyC/k lalk/ku ,oa ekuo cy ds vk/kkj ij mudh okf"kZd vkenuh ý- 24]446@& ls c<+dj
ý- 73]684@ifjokj gks x;k gSA
ifj;kstuk ds mijksDr ifj.kkeksa ds vk/kkj ij Hkfo"; ds fy, fuEufyf[kr vuq'kalk dh tkrh gS(
thfodksiktZu esa lq/kkj ds fy, lwdj ,oa cdjh ikyu ij fo'ks"k /;ku nsus dh vko';drk gSA
fdlkuksa ds fy, vknku dh vkiwfrZ rFkk rduhdh ,oa foi.ku lg;ksx dk leqnk; Lrj ij O;oLFkk djuk t:jh
gSA
xk¡o esa gh fdlkuksa dks le; ij vknku ,oa rduhd miyC/k gks lds] bldh O;oLFkk vko';d gSA
f'kf{kr ukStokuksa dks izf'k{k.k nsdj mUgsa ßlfoZl izksokbMjÞ ds :i esa izksRlkfgr fd;k tkuk pkfg, ftlls eosf'k;ksa
esa le; ij Vhdkdj.k bR;kfn gks ldsA
bl ifj;kstuk ds }kjk fd;s x;s vPNs dk;ksZa ds izpkj ,oa izlkj ds fy, bls Ñf"k foKku dsUnz ds dk;Zdykiksa
esa 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
4
Executive Summary
Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) sponsored livelihood project entitled “Developing
Sustainable Farming System Models for Prioritized Micro watersheds in Rainfed areas in Jharkhand”
under National Agricultural Innovation Project (NAIP) with Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi(Jharkhand)
as lead centre and three ICAR institutions located in Jharkhand viz. ICAR Research Complex for Eastern
Region Research Centre, Indian Institute of Natural Resins & Gums, Ranchi and Central Upland Rice
Research Station, Hazaribagh as cooperating partners. The project had been implemented from 2007-2014 in
four blocks (Prakhand) of two disadvantaged districts of Jharkhand (Dumka and Jamtara).
The project had been implemented in 32 villages covering 2,200 households. The main objective of the project was
to improve the livelihood of the household by judicious utilization of the resources available.
The baseline information of the project area revealed that
Population: It comprises 60.42% ST; 6.21% SC; 30.28% OBC and 3.09% General
Land holdings: 0.97% Landless; 66.88% Marginal; 22.64% Small; 7.54% Semi medium and 1.2 %
Medium
The major occupation: Agriculture along with 2% and 12.42% of the farmers had additional sources of
income through service and self employment, respectively.
Cropping intensity: 94 to 104%
Irrigation facilities available: 7% of cultivable area in rabi season
Only 35% population had food for six months
Average annual income: Rs. 24,465/-
Migration for livelihood varied from 1-6 months
The constraints for poor livelihood have been studied and interventions have been planned.
The major constraint was availability of water for irrigation in the area though rainfall was 1400 mm /
annum. Intervention was made to increase the rain water storage through water saving measures. In order
to increase the water availability, 8 new ponds (100x100x10 ft) have been developed and 18 existing ponds
were excavated. It increased the water storage capacity by 85,600 m3. Most of the ponds were perennial and
provided irrigation to 23 ha area during rabi season. Small ditches (164 nos.) were also excavated in medium
and low land (10x10x10ft) to provide an additional irrigation to 5 decimal (0.02ha) areas from each ditch for
vegetable cultivation in winter and summer seasons. It was noticed that ditches were more useful in the low
land than medium and upland ecology. In orchard, the “Dobha” (3x1.5x1m) was made with plastic lining
to check the seepage and evaporation losses for irrigation in the orchard. The pitcher irrigation had been
introduced for watering the orchard plants resulted in reduction of water requirement up to 50% in comparison
to flood irrigation.
The “Nadi kund” an innovation was introduced for the purpose of irrigating rabi crop from the river. It
reduced the labour cost by Rs. 13,875/3yrs in comparison to the traditional methods.
The soil analysis had been made on situation basis. Soil health card had been issued to the farmers to check
indiscriminate use of the inorganic fertilizers. In order to correct the soil acidity, lime / dolomite application
@ 4 q/ha in furrow had been introduced, which resulted significant positive response in upland and medium
land especially in pigeon pea and mustard production.
5
Most of the upland (slope 3-5%) was never used for crop cultivation in the project area due to poor to very
poor soil fertility, water scarcity and lack of awareness. The biggest challenge was to bring the huge upland
area under cultivation. The scientists associated with the programme have analysed soil profile and farmers
were adviced to grow tomato and other upland crops with the application of lime/dolomite to neutralize
soil pH and bunding of land. A good number of farmers started cultivating tomato in such barren land after
reclamation. Altogether 40 ha land was reclaimed and brought under cultivation.
Compost making by dumping farm wastes in sallow pit was in common practice among the farmers in the project
area. The farmers were trained and motivated to enrich compost by adding Azotobacter and PSB (Phosphate
Solublising Bacteria) ,switching to vermi compost preparation as well as application of balanced fertilizer to
improve soil health and production as well as productivity of crops. Seventy eight units for vermi compost and
enriched compost pit had been introduced in the area.
To increase the productivity of the crops, the high yielding varieties with appropriate INM practices had
been introduced. The introduction of HYVs of main crops had increased the production up to 60-115%. The
farmers were trained in seed production skills which helped them to produce 4700q of seeds of different
crops. They sold/ exchanged seed produced by them to the neighbouring farmers. The seed production in the
area increased the seed replacement rate by 20%.
The small Poly house to grow seedlings and low polytunnel concept had been popularized in the area for offseason
early production of vegetables, especially the cucurbits, so that farmers could get remunerative price of their
produce. Multitier orchard with mango and guava was established in the barren land.
There were plenty of Ber and Palas trees in the area which were of no use earlier. The Rangini and Kusumi
lac cultivation were introduced in the area which fetched a return of Rs. 1500/tree/season. This gave an
additional income and security, especially during drought year. Altogether, 10,100 trees had been inoculated
for lac production. Farmers were able to produce brood lac and getting an additional income of Rs. 6000/
family (Rs.1500/tree/yr).
In the project area, rearing of small livestock like Goat and Pig as well as Duck and Poultry is an age old
common practice. They were rearing locally available animals, whose are not remuneratve. To accelarate
income for significant contribution towards livelihood of landless and marginal farmers, improved breeds
of Pig (TxD), Duck (Khaki campbell), Poultry(Grampriya, Vanraja & Divyayan red ) with improvement of
Black Bengal Goat by Beetal Bucks had been introduced in the area.
It had been found that crossbred goat kids (Beetal x Black Bengal) performed better than the local. The
crossbred kids attained a weight of 18 kg at one year of age against 12 kg for Black Bengal. So there was
an additional gain of 6 kg. The regular vaccination with FMD, PPR and deworming improved the health of
animals and reduced the mortality from 70% to 30%.
Manual chaff cutter machine and Travis had been introduced in the villages to improve feeding practices and
monitoring of health of animals on regular basis.
The existing ponds and new ponds were stocked with fish seed of Rohu, Catla, Mrigal and Common carp to
promote the fish culture. The fish production had increased from 105 to 650 kg/ha fetching an income of Rs.
6000/Household/Yr from 0.12 ha pond area.
Farm women play an important role in agriculture. To reduce their drudgery and for empowerment, some
improved farm implements e.g. Mannual Paddy Thresher, Sickel, Dutch hoe, Finger weeder, Cono weeder,
Seed bin etc had been introduced . Women were trained in mushroom production and value addition of fruits
and vegetables. One hundred eighty nine farm women are engaged in oyster mushroom cultivation in groups.
6
The mushroom harvest was 1-2 kg. per bag. The produce was sold at Rs.80-120 per kg in the local market. It
had been found that mushroom production was more in wheat straw than that in paddy straw. On an average,
each farm women received an additional income of Rs.500-1000/month from mushroom production.
On the basis of the interventions, some models had been found suitable for different categories of farmers. For
landless (land holding <0.01ha.), the livestock rearing was found very suitable, a nucleus family (common
in tribal) can earn practicing the same an additional income of Rs. 25,l50/yr. Similarly, the marginal (land
holding 0.01-1.0ha.) and small farmers (land holding 1-2 ha) can adopt rice/lac based farming system and
earn an additional income of Rs. 34,744/yr and Rs 59,806/yr, respectively.
The self impact study of the project revealed that income had been increased from Rs. 24,446 to Rs.73, 684
in 6 years in NAIP villages whereas it is still stagnated at Rs. 23,471 in Non NAIP village. The farmers are
now making more expenditure towards education for their children and purchase of household items from
the additional income.
Based on the above facts, important outcome of the project are;
1. Increase in availability of improved livelihood options such as lac cultivation and rearing of improved
pig and poultry.
2. Capacity building of farmers and farm women to adopt alternate options for livelihood security such as
improved horticulture, mushroom production and value addition to vegetables and fruits.
3. Awareness creation among farmer groups on enterprise diversification such as goat rearing, pig rearing
and lac cultivation.
4. Renovation of the existing water harvesting structures and creation of new ones helped farmers to grow
a second crop after rice. Results have been very encouraging which need further promotion for long
term benefits and sustainability.
5. The rice had been substantiated by improved vegetable cultivation and lac rearing.
6. Eighty eight SHGs were formed in the villages. Out of which 72 are having bank accounts with a deposit
of Rs.10, 37,000 to continue the activity.
7. Before NAIP the farmers had few livelihood options whereas after NAIP the livelihood options had
been increased. The average income of the farmers had been increased from Rs. 24,446 to Rs.73,684/
family/yr depending upon the availability of the manpower and resources.
On the basis of outcome of the project the following recommendation has been made for future work;
8. Greater attention should be given for livelihood improvement through pig and goat rearing.
9. Development should be done on cluster basis in order to establish a system for input delivery, technical
support and marketing.
10.Timely and effective input delivery system (kinds and technical support) should be made available in
the village itself.
11.The educated youth should be trained and encouraged for regular vaccination of the livestock as service
provider.
12.For continuation and further expansion of the technologies it should be included in the programme of
Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK).
7
Part-I: General Information of Sub-project
1. Title of the sub-project
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
:Developing Sustainable Farming System Models for
Prioritized Micro Watersheds in Rainfed areas in Jharkhand.
Sub-project code
: 30004
Component:
3
Date of sanction of sub-project
:01.09.2007
Date of completion
:31.03.2014
Extension if granted, from
: 1.10.2012 to 31.03.2014
Total sanctioned amount for the sub-project : Rs. 575.22487 (in lakhs)
Total expenditure of the sub-project
: Rs. 531.721 (in lakhs)
Consortium leader
: Dr. M. P. Pandey, Vice Chancellor
Phone: 0651-2450500
Email: vc@bauranchi.org
10.List of consortium partners:
Name of CPI/CCPI
with Designation
CPI
Dr. S. K. Pal,
Professor
CCPI 1
Dr. A. K. Jaiswal
Principal Scientist
CCPI 3
Dr. R. S. Pan,
Principal Scientist
CCPI 2
Dr. A. K. Singh
Professor
Dr. R. K. Singh
Principal Scientist
Dr. C. V. Singh
Senior Scientist
Name of Organization Address,
Phone & Fax, E-mail
Department of Agronomy
Ranchi Agriculture College
Birsa Agricultural University,
Ranchi-834006
Email: dr_s_k_pal@yahoo.co.in
Department of Aquaculture
Ranchi Veterinary College
Birsa Agricultural University,
Ranchi-834006
Email: aksingh63@yahoo.com
ICAR Research Complex for Eastern
Region Research Centre, Namkum,
Ranchi-834010, Phone: 0651-2260141
Email: rabispan@rediffmail.com
Indian Institute of Natural Resins and
Gums, Namkum, Ranchi-834010
Phone: 0651-2261154
Email: jaiswalak59@yahoo.co.in
Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research
Station, Hazaribagh
Email: rksingh@scientist.com
Station, Hazaribagh
Phone: 06546-222263(O)
Email: cvs.hzb@gmail.com
Duration
(From-To)
01.09.200709.06.2009
437.78268
26.09.200931.03.2014
01.09.200731.03.2014
52.77249
01.09.200731.03.2014
42.09926
01.09.200730.06.2011
01.07.201131.03.2014
CPI-Consortia Principal Investigator; CCPI-Consortia Co-Principal Investigator
8
Budget
(Rs. in Lakhs)
42.57044
575.22487
11.Statement of budget sanctioned, released and utilized partner-wise (` in Lakhs):
CCPI 3
CCPI 2
CCPI 1
CPI
CPI/ CCPI Name, Designation &
Address)
Dr. A.K. Singh,
Professor
Department of Aquaculture
Ranchi Veterinary College
Ranchi-834006
Dr. R.S. Pan,
Principal Scientist
ICAR Research Complex for Eastern
Region Research Centre, Namkum,
Ranchi-834010
Dr. A.K. Jaiswal,
Principal Scientist
Indian Institute of Natural Resins and
Gums, Namkum, Ranchi-834010
Dr. C.V. Singh,
Senior Scientist
Station, Hazaribagh
Total
Fund Released
Total Budget
Sanctioned (up to Closing Date)
(Rs. in lakh)
(Rs. in lakh)
Fund Utilized
(up to Closing Date)
(Rs. in lakh)
437.78268
401.69102
401.13617
52.77249
47.87740
43.87562
42.09926
47.86758
47.86758
42.57044
40.00055
38.84163
575.22487
537.43655
531.721
CPI-Consortia Principal Investigator; CCPI-Consortia Co-Principal Investigator
9
Part-II: Technical Details
1. Introduction
Jharkhand is a new State with immense possibilities of development of both the industrial as well as
agricultural sectors. Out of 10.13 million working population, 76.9% are engaged in agriculture. In spite
of vast working force and richness in natural resources, state is able to produce food grains which met only
50% of its requirement. Agriculture of the state is mainly rainfall dependent and mono crop. Rice is the main
crop of the state that too of very low productivity (12.5q/ha) in comparison to national average productivity
(20.86q/ha). There is a good average rain fall i.e. 1200 mm but still water is the major constraint in agriculture
along with soil erosion. People have to migrate for work as laborers for their livelihood. It has been felt that
if rain water (1200 mm /annum) is tapped properly, it may improve the irrigation facilities and make it
possible to grow a second crop after kharif. Strengthening and making provisions for the health coverage and
technical backup to the allied components will give more employment, income and food for the family which
can check the stress migration of the farmers. Keeping the above facts in view, it was planned to evolve
an integrated farming system model for the small and marginal farmers present in majority in the state. In
this integrated farming system, all the enterprises of the farmers for their livelihood were integrated so that
sustainable benefit in the form of production, employment and income generation could be obtained from
the available resources to the farmers. The present project was, therefore, initiated to develop the sustainable
farming system models for the different categories of the farmers to extrapolate in similar domains.
2. Objectives
To develop appropriate land and water use plan in the selected micro-watersheds for conserving natural
resources.
To improve productivity of crops, promote horticulture, animal husbandry, fisheries and lac cultivation
for livelihood security.
To promote entrepreneurship for value addition to reduce migration and employment generation at farm
level.
To develop sustainable farming system models for the micro-watershed and improve market linkages.
10
3. Technical Profile of the sub-Project
Objectives
1. To develop
appropriate land
and water use
plan in selected
micro watersheds
for conserving
natural resources.
2. To improve
productivity of
crops, promote
horticulture,
animal
husbandry,
fisheries and
lac cultivation
for livelihood
security.
3. To promote
entrepreneurship for value
addition to
reduce migration
and employment
generation at
farm level.
4. To develop
a sustainable
farming system
model for the
micro watershed
and improve
market linkages.
Monitoring
indicators
Base line survey to identify the present 1. Number of
groups formed
status of farmers, farming system,
constraints and formation/reorientation
of the farmers group. Identification
of the critical erosion prone areas,
Livelihood analysis, livestock and
suitable crops as per soil and climate
suitability and farmer’s preference.
1. Increase in
Creation and strengthening of water
productivity
bodies for storage of runoff water
of cereals and
through pond, well & ditches.
livestock.
On farm water management, correction
of acidity of soil by use of dolomite/
2. More area
lime. Introduction of INM, IPM and
under cropping
HYVs of Cereals, Pulses and Oil seeds. 3. Double
Introduction of HYV of vegetables,
cropping
introduction of low polytunnel for off
in assured
season vegetable production.
irrigation area.
Introduction of fruit based multitier
4. More income
model in upland. Introduction of lac
from non-farm
cultivation in available Ber and Palas
activities.
trees. Introduction of improved breed
of poultry, pig, goat, duck and fish to
increase the livelihood of the farmers.
1. Increase in
Diagnostic study of markets,
availability of
marketable surplus of each commodity
crop seed.
and identifying alternate market
opportunity for each commodity in
2. Value addition
project area
to fruits and
Assessment of new technological
vegetable.
options regarding post harvest handling
at farm level.
Development of seed production units.
Training on post harvest technology,
value addition, processing and
preservation of fruits and vegetables.
Study of input use and removal in each 1. Development of
farming system
enterprise, Monitoring and evaluation
models
of production, processing and value
addition under each enterprise in
present implemented area.
Multilocation testing of technologies
and farming system models under
similar environments.
Work plan
11
Expected output
Eighty eight
SHGs had been
formed.
Identification
of constraints
existing farming
system had been
studied
Increase in
productivity of
crops, livestock,
horticultural
crops and fish
production from
pond.
Expected out
come
Seventy two
SHGs are active.
The constraints
and existing
farming system
had been studied.
Increase in
income due
to increased
production of
crops, animal
husbandry
and nonfarm
activities.
Development of
farming system
models.
Utilisation of
surplus produce
through value
addition.
Better
remunerative
price of the
produce.
Reduction in post
harvest loss.
Better utilization
of available
resources.
Improved
livelihood
models.
4. Achievement and target objective wise
Objectives
1. To develop
appropriate
land and water
use plan in
selected micro
watersheds
for conserving
natural
resources.
Activities
1. Baseline survey (PRA) of four
micro watersheds
Target
2. Identification of farmers’ need &
constraints.
3. Reorientation of the existing
farmers groups available in
agriculture, animal husbandry,
horticulture, fisheries and lac
cultivation. Formation of new
farmers groups (SHGs, WIGs and
CIGs) in all four selected micro
watersheds.
4. Identification of critical erosion
prone areas and assessment of
various quality parameters of soil
and water in project area.
5. Livelihood analysis of the
communities and identification of
livestock, suitable crop as per soil
and climate suitability and farmers
preference.
2. To improve
productivity of
crops, promote
horticulture,
animal
husbandry,
fisheries and
lac cultivation
for livelihood
security.
1. Training and exposure visit
of rural youth of four micro
watersheds on IFS, agriculture
business management, watershed
and rain water management.
12
Achievement
The baseline survey had been conducted in all
the villages covering all the house holds to study
the status of farmers and the farming system.
The farmers’ need, existing farming systems,
and constraints had been studied in the baseline
survey and accordingly the intervention had
been planned for harvesting of rain water,
improvement of breeds of goat, pig etc. and
agriculture production.
A total 88 SHGs were formed/ strengthened
in the villages. Of the total, 72 were linked
with Bank and an amount of Rs.10.37 lakh is
available in their group for continuation of the
programme.
The soil quality had been analyzed on situation
basis and Soil health cards were provided to
the farmers. The fertilizer doses have been
recommended as per soil analysis.
The soil profile of the barren upland had been
studied and accordingly remedial measures had
been suggested to the farmers so that these lands
could be brought under cultivation. About 40 ha
land is brought under cultivation after bunding
and reclamation of the soil using lime/dolomite
by the farmers.
The possible livelihood depending on the
available resources with the farmers was
analyzed. It was found that the pig farming was
profitable where farmers had access to hotel
waste. Two-three goats were easily manageable
by the landless and small farmers. The backyard
poultry upto 10 were easily manageable.
A total of 4,790 farmers were trained in
different aspects of integrated farming system of
agriculture and allied sectors.
Objectives
Activities
Target
2. Training and exposure to master
trainers for continuing the skill
upgradation programme on multitier
cropping, rice-fish-duck system,
piggery, poultry, fisheries, animal
husbandry and lac cultivation.
1200
3. Introduction and improvement of
goatry in project area by supplying goats 300
improved goat bred(1 unit =3 goat families
+ 1 buck)
4. Supply of 2 males and 6 females
piglets of improved bred (TxD)
pig/ family.
800
piglets
to 100
families
5. Introduction & strengthening of
poultry activity by introduction of
improved poultry breed at the rate
of 10 chicks /family.
6. Artificial insemination,
vaccinations and livestock health
improvement campaign.
12,000
birds to
1200
families
10,000
animals
7. On farm water management
technology demonstration in
famers field
8. Intercropping in rainfed upland
soil
24
9. Demonstration on papaya
cultivation
24
10. Technology backup on acid soil
reclamation at field level
24
24
13
Achievement
Besides farmers, 160 linkmen were also trained
to help the farmers in input arrangement and
livestock management. They were trained for
improved agriculture and allied sector so that
they could help the farmers in arrangement of
inputs and marketing.
A total number of 1400 Black Bengal goats were
introduced to 607 farm families. In every village,
Beetal Buck was introduced to improve the breed
of goats. It had been found that the cross breed goat
kid grows at faster rate and there was difference of
6 kg in 12 months age. A unit of 3 goats gave an
additional income of Rs. 7280/yr/family.
373 piglets were introduced to 93 households.
It was found that the unit of two female and one
male pig was most suitable and easy to maintain
by the farm family. One unit of Pig provided an
additional income of Rs. 13,330/ yr/Household.
6,700 poultry, 1,228 ducks had been introduced
to 726 families. It was concluded that a unit of
ten birds was most suitable to maintain by a
farm women.
12,274 animals were vaccinated for PPR and
FMD. The regular vaccination and deworming
had decreased the mortality of animals by from
70% to 30%
On farm water management was introduced to
reduce the water loss. The Pitcher irrigation and
plastic lined Dobha had reduced 30% water loss.
Intercropping had been popularized in rainfed
upland. The Maize+Pigeon Pea and Rice+Pigeon
Pea intercropping had been found suitable and
the productivity achieved were 14.7q/ha and 13.4
q/ha in terms of maize and rice equivalent yields,
respectively. Each farmer received an additional
income of Rs. 980 and 694/beneficiary over sole
crops of maize and rice, respectively besides no
risk of total loss.
Papaya cultivation was popularized in the
bariland of the household. Almost all the
farmers had received the papaya plantation in
their bariland who were able to improve the
nutritional security and livelihood.
The upland and medium land soil acidity was
reclaimed by the use of lime/dolomite @4q/ha.
The use of dolomite had a positive result on the
production of Pigeon Pea.
Objectives
Activities
11. Improved cultivation of Tomato,
Brinjal, Cauliflower, Cabbage and
other vegetables as per farmers
preferences
12. Construction of OFRs in project
area
Target
24
24
13. Construction of ring well in
farmers field
24
14. Formation of ditches on farmers’
fields
240
15. Renovation and desiltation of old
ponds of farmers
12
16. Seepage control measures in ponds
12
17. Establishment of rice-fish-duck
unit in the project area.
16
18. Production of fish-cum-prawn
farming in perennial ponds
10
19. Demonstration and training to the
progressive farmers on production
of stunted fingerlings in farm
ponds
20. Establishment of 10 decimal
model for ‘Off season vegetables’
in the project area
10
21. Introduction of one acre model
of fruit based multitier model on
farmers’ field.
14
Achievement
Improved cultivation of vegetables was
popularized covering 713 farmers.Who were
able to improve their livelihood and economics
status.
Eight On farm reservoirs of 100 x 100 x 100′
size were constructed. These OFRs increased
the water storage by 26,661m3 for rabi crops.
Twenty three ring wells of 4 ft. diameter
were excavated for irrigation of Orchard and
promotion of vegetable cultivation.
One hundred sixty four ditches of 10x10x10′
had been made in different types of land for
storage of seepage water. It was found that
ditches at low and medium land were more
suitable and capable to irrigate about 0.02 ha per
ditch under vegetable cultivation.
Eighteen old ponds were renovated upto 10 ft.
depth to hold more rain water. It increased the
water harvest by 59,000m3 in total.
It had been observed that there was more loss of
water through seepage in upland ponds followed
by medium and low lands. The seepage loss
ranged from 13.3 to 15.6 mm/day. Application
of cattle dung and dolomite was promoted to
reduce the seepage loss.
Twelve units of rice-fish-duck unit were
established in the project area. It increases the
fish production, reduces the input cost and
making the fish culture more profitable.
The programme was dropped due to nonavailability of prawn seed as prawn seed is only
available in maritime states.
Two units were established for production of
stunted fingerlings but it was not sustained due
to poaching.
160
Off season vegetable production had been
popularized through low polytunnel.
20
Twenty mango and guava based multitier
orchards were established but only 14 of
these could be maintained successfully. The
maximum income of Rs.24,950/- from filler
crop (guava) and intercrops (vegetables like
potato, tomato, brinjal, radish, okra and chilli)
was obtained by the farmer.
Objectives
3. To promote
entrepreneurship for
value addition
and to reduce
migration,
employment
generation at
farm level.
Activities
22. Initiation of lac cultivation on
existing palas and ber trees.
Target
300
23. On farm trials of improved rice
cultivation with INM & IPM
320
24. Demonstration of crops at
multi- locations for high yielding
varieties of pulses and oil seed
crops with application of bio
fertilizer, sulphur, lime, IPM and
INM on soil test basis.
25. Programme on to increase yield
expand area under green fodder in
project area.
26. Technology of lime application to
address acid soil problem along
with indigenous technology and
intervention (recycling of forest
litter and crop residues) to increase
organic matter.
27. Technology for by product utilization
such as poultry manure, pig manure,
crop residues, forest litter & farm
yard manure and their recycling to
improve the productivity of farming
system will be assessed
1. Diagnostic study of markets
assessment of marketable surplus
of each commodity & identifying
alternate market opportunity for
each commodity in project area.
2. Assessment of new technological
options regarding post harvest
handling at farm level.
3. Demonstration of lac processing
technology
100
4. Development of seed production
units
16
5. Quality protein maize as well as
fodder production to supplement
the feed requirement of poultry,
livestock and pig.
15
Achievement
Ten thousand one hundred trees were inoculated
for lac production. A quantity of 4.5 q lac was
produced improving the economic condition.
On farm trials spread over 103 ha were carried
out involving 2330 beneficiaries.
Multi location demonstrations were conducted
for high yielding varieties of pulses and oilseeds
using biofertilizer (Azotobacter) and lime.
8
Green fodder production programme was
popularized at six places.
75
A total of 76 units had been made for vermicomposting and enriched composting. The
vermicompost was mainly used in vegetable
production. The use of vermicompost had
reduced the use of inorganic fertilizers.
Mushroom and lac were sold in the local
market.
GI sheet storage bin was introduced to reduce
the post harvest loss.
There was huge demand for brood lac in the
area and farmers got good price for the brood
lac. Hence, there was no inclination of farmers
for the processing of lac.
Four thousand seven hundred q seed had been
produced from 148 ha land involving 933
farmers. The seeds were sold to the neighbouring
farmers or exchanged by the fellow farmers.
A total quantity of 1570.2 q (19.2/ha) maize
was produced from 81.8 ha land of 1346
beneficiaries.
Objectives
6.
7.
8.
1.
4. To develop
a sustainable
farming system 2.
model for the
micro watershed
and improve
market linkages.
Activities
Training on post harvest
technology, value addition,
processing and preservation of
fruit & vegetables.
Establishment of pig meat
processing unit with slaughter
house
Establishment of model for small
lac processing unit
Study of input use and removal in
each enterprise.
Impact assessment
16
Target
100
Achievement
One hundred and twenty farm women were
trained on the post harvest technology, value
addition to tomato and preservation of surplus
vegetables.
The idea was dropped due to administrative
problem. There was need of administrative
approval for establishing a slaughter house.
The idea was dropped because farmers were
getting good price for brood lac and scrap lac.
The input use and output had been studied for
animal husbandry and crop production.
The midterm impact assessment had been done by
Xavier Institute of Social Service (XISS), Ranchi.
The report revealed that, the project began with
the community mobilization activity. Atleast
one SHG was formed in each adopted villages.
Women SHGs were also promoted by NAIP. The
introduction of lac cultivation gave good profit.
Orchards established in project were good and
satisfactory. JALKUND, earthen pot irrigation
method was found very suitable as it saved water
loss. In animal husbandry, Poultry, Pigs, Ducks
and Fish culture gave good result and increases
the mandays employment of the farmers.The
details are enclosed in ANNEXURE-3.
5. Baseline Analysis
Dumka block of Dumka district falls in Mayurakshi sub catchment. Mayurakshi River has its source in
Trikut hill near Deoghar. It flows through Jharkhand then through the district of Birbhum Mursidabad in
West Bengal flowing in to the river Hooghly. Mayurakshi is famous for its strong current during a period of
seven to eight months in a year. The river dries up for 3-4 months but have strong current during the rainy
season. Narayanpur, Jamtara block of Jamtara district falls under Barakar sub catchment. It is the tributary
of the Damodar River in eastern India originating near Padma in Hazaribagh district of Jharkhand that flows
for 225 km.
Baseline survey was conducted by pretested questionnaire taking all the farmers of the village into
consideration. The Physiography of the village was made on the village map. The existing livestock and
crops were also recorded on the map (Plate 1-8)
The baseline survey revealed that the household in the target villages comprised of 60.4% ST; 6.2% SC;
30.3% OBC and 3.0% upper caste.
There were in total 2588 households in the 32 villages of four blocks of the two districts. On the basis
of land holding, it was found that 0.97% farmers were landless (land holding<0.01 ha); 66.9% marginal
(land holding 0.01-1.00 ha); 22.7% are small (land holding between 1.00-2.00 ha); 8.3% semi-medium (land
holding 2.00-4.00 ha) and 1.20% farmers were of medium categories (land holding 4.00-10.00 ha).
Table : 1 List of villages of the project area
District
Jamtara
Dumka
Block
Jamtara (Barakar sub
catchment)
Narayanpur (Barakar sub
catchment)
Dumka (Mayurakshi sub
catchment)
Jama (Brahmini sub
catchment)
Villages
Charedih, Dahar Tola, Sawrimundu, Sinju Tola, Rupaidih,
Jilimtanr, Nawadih, Karmatar
Rai Tola, Mal Tola, MuslimTola, Rampur, Bada Majhladih,
Maira Tola
Karmatanr, Kodokicha-6, Kodokicha-7, Guhiyajori, ipur,
Sagbehri, Jiyathar, Mayurnacha
Bhounra, Palasi, Ragat, Karela, Gajha, Lilatari, Muswachak,
Pipra, Sarepahari, Meghi Santhali
The target population was mainly dependent on
agriculture and allied sectors. Of the total population,
only 7.0% and 11.7% had additional source of income
through service and self employment (business),
respectively.
Agriculture is mainly rain dependent and annual rainfall
is 1376 and 1412 mm in Jamtara and Dumka districts,
respectively. The source of irrigation in the villages were
ponds, small nalas etc. which were seasonal in nature
and hold water for about 6-9 months.
8.73%
3.95%
29.88%
Upland
57.25%
Low land
Bari land
Others
Out of total geographical area (2332 ha) of the target
Fig 1 : Different Categories of land in the project area
village, 29.9%, 57.3%, 8.9% and 3.3% were upland, low
Fig1: Different categories of land in the project area
land, bari land and utilized for other purposes i.e. road, school etc., respectively.
Out of 1226.6 ha, 88.5% was cultivable, only 9.8% barren and merely 7.40% land had the irrigation facilities.
17
Table 2: Land scape farming transect (Jamtara/Dumka)
Land
Resources
Forest
Upland
(Tanr III, II)
Bari land
(Tanr I)
Medium land
(DON III, DON II)
Lowland
(Don I)
Soil
Stony
Sandy loam
Loam
Clay loam
Clay loam
Crops
Natural
vegetation/
trees
Rice, Tomato,
Ginger,
Termeric, Pigeon
pea, Maize,
Black gram,
Millets, Niger
Maize, Tomato,
Rice-Wheat
Cauliflower, Potato,
Rice-FallowBeans, Brinjal, Radish,
Tomato
Peas, Onion, Fenugreek,
Spinach, Pumpkin,
Chilies, Ridge gourd,
Carrot, Garlic, Corier,
Cucumber, Bitter gourd,
Bottle- gourd, Okra, Rice
seedling
Rice
Water
resource
Rainfed
Rainfed
Irrigated with well
Rainfed
Trees
Timber
Fruit and timber
Medicinal,
species; Mango,
fodder species Mahua
Permanent seasonal
fruits species; Mango,
Papaya, Bamboo,
Drumstick, Guava,
Jackfruit, Banana, Citrus
Livestock/
land use
Cattle grazing Cattle grazing
Cattle, small ruminants, Cattle grazing
fowl rearing and grazing
Problem
Lack of quality
Deforestation Lack of
irrigation,
vegetable seeds, termites
fragmented land and technical know how
holding, poor
fertility, run off &
soil erosion, stray
cattle grazing and
quality seeds
Rainfed partial
irrigated with well/
pond
Lack of irrigation,
paucity of quality
seeds of HYV, poor
fertility in some
cases, scattered
land.
Paucity of
HYV seeds,
Waterlogging
Rice is the main crop in the area and occupies important place in the prevalent cropping pattern i.e. ricefallow. Majority of uplands were left fallow, in pockets where there was irrigation facilities, farmers grow
okra, radish, cow pea, bitter gourd, tomato, ridge gourd, drumsticks, kulthi, maize, pigeon pea, egg plant,
millets in uplands and bariland. After kharif season, most of the upland remains fallow.
The average productivity of the major crops were 9.5q/ha (upland rice), 12.5q/ha (medium land rice), 15.7 q/
ha (low land rice), 16.7q/ha (maize), 17.6 q/ha (wheat) and 159.3 q/ha (potato).
Results of the baseline survey revealed the cropping intensity to be very low i.e. 95.7 percent (ranging
between 94 -112). The cropping intensity also varied from cluster to cluster. High intensity in Jamtara (102.9)
could be attributed to proximity to township and high degree of awareness among the farmers.
18
120
100
120
112.64
95.75 93.88
83.92
92.41
Cropping Intensity %
Cropping Intensity %
80
60
40
20
0
102.94
100
92.67
100.5
79.82
80
60
40
20
0
Fig 2: Cropping Intensity of different farmers' category
Fig 3: Cropping Intensity in cluster
The farmers used to keep livestock including buffalo, cow, goat, pig, sheep etc. The average number of
livestock per family was calculated to be 2.90.
Food
3.56%1.85%
5.89%
6.58%
7.32%
Clothes
13.12%
Maintenance
7.12%
39.31%
7.34%
7.60%
19.54%
10.44%
Agri & Horti
18.49%
Household
61.05%
Livestock
Wages
Social
Function
Health
Others
Others
Fig 4: Expenditure on different components
Fig 5: Income from different enterprises
The average annual income from agriculture & horticulture per household was Rs. 13,839. Income from
subsidiary occupation, wages and employment was Rs. 8560 (Rs. 3352-18,540). The total annual income
from all the sources was Rs. 24,465 per household. The average annual expenditure was Rs. 20834/household
ranging from Rs. 14,839-43,902. The total employment (man-days) was 207. The engagement in own farm
was only 94 man-days.
There were migrations of manpower for different duration ranging from one to six months for livelihood as food
for whole year was available to only 35% population residing in the adopted villages.
The sources of information to farmers regarding inputs and technology were mainly radio sets in most of
the villages. The access to micro credit and loan facilities was inadequate among farmers; very few farmers
had Kisan Credit Card (KCC) facilities. Most of the farmers were taking credit/loan from the money lenders.
Seven SHGs were available in the villages without vocational training programme run by any agency.
As stated above, initial productivity of rice and other crops were substantially low. There were various
reasons for low productivity of the crops in the project area mentioned below;
1. Poor irrigation facility and low productivity
2. Poor soil fertility status with low water holding capacity.
3. Lack of improved breed, feed and fodder for animal husbandry
4. Lack of quality seed /planting material for crops
5. Low price of the produce
19
6. Research achievements
Considering the constraints faced in achieving high productivity by the farmers, following interventions were
planned.
Table 3: Gaps and interventions in farming system in target villages
Sl. No.
Gaps
1
Poor irrigation facility and low
productivity
2
Poor soil fertility status and low
water holding capacity.
3
Lack of improved breed, feed
and fodder
4
Lack of quality seed/planting
material
5
Low price of the produce
6
Women empowerment
Interventions
Creation of small irrigation facilities, practices
recommendation of suitable HYV and INM programmes
Application of nutrient as per soil analysis measures taken for
amelioration of soil.
Introduction of improved breeds of Goat, Pig, Poultry, Duck,
fish, feed for animals and fodder production.
Production of quality seed in villages.
Formation of SHGs and linkage to market.
Women economic empowerment and drudgery reduction.
6.1 Natural resource management:
Although project area received good quantity of rainfall
(1400 mm /annum) by all measures, water was found to be
the major constraint due to erratic distribution. Intervention
was made to increase the storage of water and water saving
measures. To increase the water availability, 8 new ponds
(100x100x10 ft) were excavated and 18 existing ponds were
renovated to increase the water storage by 85,600m3. Since
most of the ponds were perennial, 23 ha area was made
irrigable during rabi season that benefitted 110 household.
The application of organic manure and lime/dolomite was
promoted to reduce the seepage loss (13.3 – 15.6 mm/day).
On an average, each new pond provided irrigation to 0.6
ha in rabi crops. Some ponds exhibited good irrigation
potential to irrigate 4 ha land after being recharged from
ground water (Pond in
Andipur, Dumka).
Twenty three ring
wells of 4ft. diameter
were constructed for
the irrigation of the
vegetable and orchard
plants that benefitted
43 households.
Small ditches (164 nos.) excavated in medium & low lands (10x10x10ft)
provided an additional irrigation to 5 decimal (0.02ha) area from each
20
ditch for vegetable cultivation. It has been found that the
ditches were more useful in the low land compared to medium
and upland.
In orchard the “Dobha” (3x1.5x1m) had been made with
plastic lining and a cover to check the seepage and evaporation
loss respectively and was being used for irrigation in the
orchard.
The pitcher irrigation was introduced for watering the plants
which helped to reduce water requirement by 50% in comparison
to flood irrigation.
The “Nadi kund” was introduced for irrigating the rabi crop
from the river. It has reduced the labour cost by Rs. 14,165/3yrs
in comparison to the traditional methods.
Soil analysis was done on situation basis, soil health card were
issued to the farmers. The fertilizer applied on the basis of
soil health card avoiding indiscriminate use of the inorganic
fertilizers. To correct the soil acidity, lime/dolomite was
introduced in acidic soils. The lime/dolomite application at 4
q/ha in furrows gave good results in upland and medium land.
Table 4 : Soil nutrients status in project area:
Land situation
pH
N (kg/ha)
P (kg/ha)
K (kg/ha)
OC (g/kg)
Upland
3.85-7.23
168.02-221.18
18.54-32.61
108.52-225.23
2.89-5.31
Medium land
4.09-6.27
194.41-264.99
19.55-31.78
116.12-119.18
2.73-6.07
Low land
3.85-7.23
263.49-313.61
31.55-40.32
128.16-213.53
3.68-6.06
Information obtained from baseline survey suggested that most of the farmers used only farm yard manure
(FYM) in the crops. The use of inorganic fertilizer was limited to urea and DAP only.
21
Table 5: Status of manure and fertilizer used by the farmers of Jamtara and Dumka districts
Few farmers
Majority of farmers
Jamtara
Urea and DAP
FYM
Narayanpur
FYM, Urea and DAP
FYM
Jama
Urea, MOP, DAP
FYM
Dumka
Urea, MOP, DAP, Cattle dung
FYM
Most of the upland (slope 3-5%) was found to be
barren in the project area. The soil profile of these
lands was studied and farmers had been advised to
grow suitable crops practicing bunding and dolomite
application. Farmers had taken up tomato cultivation,
where there was irrigation. On an average, each
village had 50-60 ha barren upland. Altogether, 40 ha
land was reclaimed and brought under cultivation.
Compost making from the farm wastes was common
practice among the farmers of the area. Methodology
to prepare enriched compost, adding Azotobacter and
PSB vermi composting was provided to farmers and
popularized. Seventy eight units for vermi compost
were prepared. The enriched compost and vermi
compost was mainly used in the vegetable cultivation.
Table 6 : Nutritional status of enriched compost
Farmers
practice
Enriched
compost
Increase in
nutrient
Additional income in form of
nutrient cost by fertilizer
Nitrogen
0.32
1.0
0.70
88.2
Phosphorus
0.18
1.01
0.83
214.14
Potash
0.19
1.19
1.0
77.7
Nutrient (%)
Total income from 1000 kg
enriched compost
Rs. 380.04
22
6.2 Agriculture
The project area was demarcated with varying topography viz., Bari land, upland, medium land, and low
land. Before and after inception of NAIP, the land use pattern scenario was as follows;
Table 7: Cropping pattern before and after NAIP
Season
Before NAIP
Types of
land
After NAIP
Kharif
Rabi
Zaid
Bariland
Maize/
vegetables
Leafy
Fallow
vegetables
Upland
Maize/Kulthi Fallow
Kharif
Rabi (where
irrigation
available)
Zaid (with limited
irrigation)
Maize, Vegetable Vegetable
(HYVs)
(High Value)
Leafy vegetables
Fallow
Rice, MaizePigeon pea
(HYVs)
Mustard /Lentil
Fallow
Medium land Rice
Fallow
(Traditional)
Fallow
Rice (HYVs)
Wheat /Mustard/ Moong
Chick pea
Low land
Fallow
Rice (Hybrid)
Wheat /linseed
Rice
Fallow
(Traditional)
Vegetables
Intensive training was imparted to the farmers regarding rain water harvesting, its management, cultivation
of major crops using modern techniques like integrated weed, pest and fertilizer management in uplands and
low lands. There was also strong need for creating awareness regarding utilization of the vast areas of upland
(mostly acidic in nature) with suitable crops viz. pigeon pea, black gram, kulthi. Introduction of cash crops
like groundnut was also successful and became very popular. Introduction of new HYVs of rice (Abhishek,
Naveen, Lalat) hybrid rice (PA-6444) proved useful and farmers liked these varieties for high grain yields.
Very few farmers in the project area used to grow wheat; introduction of gram was a new item for them.
There was also a complete lack of knowledge regarding balanced fertilization. Intensive training and onfarm demonstration with different crops helped farmers to understand the importance of integrated nutrient
management. With all these efforts, the present scenario at the end of NAIP has changed. The following crops
varieties were demonstrated and found suitable in the region.
23
Table 8: Crops varieties grown/demonstrated in different land situations in Jamtara and Dumka
Sl. No.
1.
Land class
Upland
2.
Shallow low land
Crop grown/demonstrated
Rice varieties
: Vanadana Anjali
Pigeonpea var.
: Bahar, UPAS 120
Black gram var.
: PU 35
Groundnut var.
: AK 12-24
Niger var.
: Birsa Niger 1
Sesamum (Til) var. : TKG 55
Mustard
: NPJ , PTB
Minor millet var. : Birsa Marua 1
Hybrid maize var. : Shaktiman 4
Horsegram var.
: Madhu, Birsa Kulthi 1
Rice varieties
: Hazaridhan, Abhishek, Pusa Sugha 5
3.
Shallow low land
Rice variety
: Dhanrasi, Hybrid rice 6664
Changes in productivity and income of farmers
Rice was the major crop in the project area grown under different land
types including upland, medium land and low land. Changes in the
productivity due to introduction of high yielding varieties were monitored.
New interventions like cultivation of hybrid rice, growing upland rice
and maize in association with pigeon pea were made. Impacts of these
interventions were studied in terms of productivity and economic changes
to beneficiaries’ livelihood. As shown in the Table 9, initial productivity
of upland was meager (9.5 q/ha) that doubled up (18.8 q/ha) due to
technological convergence such as introduction of high yielding varieties
viz., Vanadana, Anjali, Virendra, CR Dhan 40 and with proper nutritional/
pest management. An increase of around 98 percent in productivity resulted in an increase of Rs 9040/ha as
monetary benefit of Rs. 589/beneficiary. Changes in the productivity of major crops due to inclusion of high
yielding varieties and cultivation practices ranged between 46.2 and 180.9 percent.
In medium lands, farmers were encouraged to cultivate high yielding rice varieties like Sahbhagi dhan, Naveen and
Lalat. Average productivity of medium land increased from pre-NAIP level of 12.5 q/ha to 25.8 q/ha. An increase of
106.4 percent over initial productivity made a change of Rs 12,928/ha incurring a profit of Rs 860 to each beneficiary.
In shallow lowland, introduction of hybrid rice further registered an increase of 32 % over the high yielding
paddy varieties (MTU 7029, Abhishek, Hazari dhan etc.). Similarly in upland ecology, intercropping of
pigeon pea with upland rice (4:1 row ratio) further increased productivity of upland areas by 78 % over
cultivation of high yielding upland rice varieties. Maize is also cultivated in upland and Bari land. Cultivation
of high yielding maize varieties using modern techniques of cultivation resulted in an increase of 72.9 % over
the farmers’ cultivation. Few farmers grew pigeon pea as mixed crop with maize before the initiation of NAIP
project. Intercropping of improved maize varieties with pigeon pea (1:1) was tested as an NAIP intervention
that further helped to boost the productivity by 46.4 %.
Cultivation of high yielding varieties of wheat, chickpea and mustard using balanced fertilization recorded
increases of 62.7, 46.2, 114.9 percent over the farmers cultivation practices, respectively. Changes in income
were noted which varied from Rs 9040/ha to 27605/ha due to technological interventions. The minimum and
maximum increase in the income of the project beneficiaries were Rs. 589 and Rs 1781, respectively.
24
Table 9: Changes in the productivity of major crops and income of beneficiaries due to technological
convergence after implementation of the Project
Crops
Change
Change in
Increase
Initial
(%) in
income due to
Area
No. of
Productivity
in income/
Productivity productivity technological
(ha) Beneficiaries
(q/ha)
beneficiary
(q/ha)
over initial convergence
(Rs)
productivity
(Rs/ha)
Rice (Upland)
14.0
215.0
18.8
9.5
97.9
9040
589
Rice (Medium land)
86.0
1292.0
25.8
12.5
106.4
12928
860
Rice (Low land)
92.0
1400.0
33.4
15.7
112.7
17204
1131
Hybrid rice (Low
land)
44.0
682.0
44.1
New
180.9 (32.0% 27605
intervention over HYV s)
1781
Pigeon pea pure crop
27.0
490.0
12.56
Rice + PP
11.0
Intercropping (4:1 row
ratio)
168.0
Maize (Sole)
45.0
820.0
Maize + PP
66.0
Intercropping (1:1 row
ratio)
1210.0
Wheat
123.4
1315.0
28.6
17.6
62.7
12078
1133
Chick pea
29.1
448.0
15.5
10.6
46.2
10145
659
Mustard
34.5
439.0
12.0
5.6
114.9
13285
1044
7.45
68.6
14.8, 6.6
New
(REY = 33.5) intervention
28.9
16.7
78.0 (Over
rice sole,
HYVs)
72.9
18.6 & 7.8
New
(MEY=42.3) intervention
14785
815
14963 (Over
rice sole,
upland crop)
980 (Over
rice sole,
upland crop)
10831
594
46.4 (Over 12717 (Over
maize sole, maize sole,
HYVs)
HYVs)
694 (Over
maize sole,
HYVs)
*Since hybrid rice was introduced first time, % increase in yield was calculated using initial productivity of lowland rice.
MEY denotes Maize Equivalent Yield & REY denotes Rice Equivalent Yield
Average Minimum Support Price (Rs/q) used to work out change in the income: Paddy common – Rs 1021, Maize - 949,
Pigeon pea - 2886,Wheat - 1098, Mustard - 2079, Chickpea - 2062, Urad - 3077, Lentil - 2134, Finger Millet - 1064
140
40
120
35
100
30
Productivity q/ha
Increase in Productivity %
In order to make the changes in the productivity of major crops more visible in upland and low lands, data
is depicted in the bar diagram shown below (Fig. 6). Significant changes in the initial productivity of paddy,
maize, wheat and mustard are easily noticeable in Figure 7. Changes due to new interventions like hybrid
rice cultivation in low lands and intercropping of pigeon pea with maize and rice were appreciable as shown
in Table 9.
80
60
40
20
0
25
20
Paddy
15
Wheat
10
Maize
5
Mustard
0
Before NAIP NAIP village
2012
Fig 6: Percentage increase in production
After NAIP
2013
Non NAIP
2013
Fig 7: Productivity of major crops
25
Seed production programme
Seed production of high yielding varieties of suitable crops (rice, wheat, maize and pigeon pea) for the agroclimatic conditions of Jamtara and Dumka districts of Jharkhand was taken up in adopted villages forming
various clusters. Since rice is grown by majority of farmers in the project villages, maximum number of farmers
opted for seed production of the same as shown in the Table 10. Technological convergence helped a lot to
encourage farmers for the seed production of wheat, a crop grown by limited farmers before NAIP inception.
Farmers got benefitted in terms of high productivity of maize over the years consequent upon production of
330 q maize seed in the adopted villages. A substantial quantity (56 q) of pigeon pea seed was also produced by
the farmers in Jamtara and Dumka districts.
Table 10: Seed production in farmers’ field
Crop
Paddy
Wheat
Maize
Pigeon pea
Total
No. of beneficiaries
519
199
150
65
933
Area (ha)
90.9
26.88
20.08
10.6
148.46
Production (q)
3616
722
330
56
4724
Varietal performance
In the upland, rice cv Anjali and Vanadana helped to improve productivity of these areas and average
productivity of the varieties under rainfed conditions was recorded to be 23.0, 20.8 respectively when
averaged over a period of six years (2008-09 to 2013-14). Abhishek gave highest average productivity of 31.9
q/ha in the transplanted conditions. Although hybrid rice was cultivated for one year only (in the last year
of the project), cultivar 6444 recorded the highest ever yield (44.0 q/ha) during entire project period by any
other lowland rice variety. Various promising wheat cultures were introduced and tested for their suitability
in the project villages. Local wheat variety gave an average productivity of 21.7 q/ha whereas appreciable
increase in productivity was achieved with HD 2733 and HD 2824 as evident from mean values of 30.0 and
27.2 q/ha, respectively.
26
6.3 Horticulture
Demonstration of vegetable cultivation: The improved method of vegetable
cultivation was demonstrated in the field of 713 farmers. The maximum
annual net income of Rs.2544/- was obtained by the marginal farmer through
cultivation of summer kharif vegetables in 1.0 decimal (40 m2) area of
backyard garden which generated employment of 18 man-days.
Off-season cultivation of cucurbits under low poly tunnel: Low poly
tunnel cultivation of cucurbits in winter for early summer harvest with
better remuneration was demonstrated in 88 farmers’ fields. Farmers
earned the maximum net income of Rs.1571/- (Rs.3,92,750/ha) from
bottle gourd cultivation in 1.0 decimal (40 m2) area which generated
employment of 11 man-days. The crop was sown on 13.12.2012, the first
harvest began on 10.3.13 continued till 14.5.2013. Total harvest was 191 kg
(estimated 47.75 t/ha) which was sold at the rate of Rs.8-10 per kg.
Income generation from Poly house: Four small poly houses were constructed
in NAIP area. The farmer earned the maximum income of Rs.43,165/yr raising
seedlings of vegetables, papaya and forest plants in portrays/polybags inside
naturally ventilated small poly house of 64 m2 area that generated employment
of 313 man-days. Each poly house was constructed at a cost of Rs.50, 000/from NAIP fund and farmer could earn total income of Rs.1,01, 895/- from
poly house in three years (2010-11, 2011-12 & 2012-13) which was much
higher than the cost of construction of the poly house.
Demonstration of fruit based multitier cropping system: Twenty mangoes
and guava based multitier orchards established, fourteen are being maintained
successfully. The maximum income of Rs.24,950/- from filler crop (guava)
intercrops (vegetables like potato, tomato, brinjal, radish, okra, chilli) was
obtained by the farmer in the 5th year (2013) of fruit based multi-tier cropping
system established that generated employment of 181 man-days.
gourd, a
perennial cucurbit was
introduced as a new
crop in NAIP area in
three farmers’fields. Its
cultivation was found
to be remunerative.
Shri
Churamani
Prasad Yadav of Jama
block of Dumka
district
harvested
163
kg
produce
from 2.75 decimal
(110 m2) area of
pointed gourd planted
Pointed
27
on 28.02.10 earned Rs.3347/- during harvest period from 7.5.10 to
31.10.10. The estimated yield was 14.81 t/ha. The sale price of pointed
gourd was Rs.20-25/- per kg. This income generated an employment of 24
man-days. The farmer had expanded his area of pointed gourd cultivation
from 2.75 decimal to 12.5 decimal (500 m2) through propagation of
pointed gourd plants by vine cutting. He was also engaged in diffusion of
this technology of pointed gourd cultivation to non-traditional non-NAIP
villages. He sold 1208 rooted plants of pointed gourd to 7 farmers of 7
villages covering 4 blocks namely Jama, Dumka, Jarmundi and Saraiyahat
of Dumka district. After undergoing training on vegetable seed production at ICAR RCER Research Centre,
Ranchi, Shri Churamani Prasad Yadav started production of pure seeds of improved varieties of vegetable
crops in his own field. He had sold pure seeds of brinjal (560g), bottle gourd (1300g) cucumber (1020g) in
local village markets (Haats) to 6 farmers of 3 villages of Jama block of Dumka district. Many farmers from
Jamtara and Dumka are coming on their own to ICAR RCER Research Centre, Ranchi for purchase of seed/
planting materials.
Table 11: Details of horticulture activity:
Household
covered
Area
(ha)
Income
(Rs./Household/Yr)
Improved vegetable cultivation
713
38
2050
Low Polytunnel for cucurbit for early production
88
0.4
1012
Poly house for saving seedling of vegetables & fruits
4
0.004
43,165
Fruit based multitier cropping system in upland (1
acre model)
20
8
14,045 (from filler
crop and intercrop)
Activity
28
6.4 Fisheries
There were 168 ponds covering an area of 62 ha. in
adopted village. Rain water was harvested in these
ponds through runoff diversion and water was used
for the life saving irrigation of kharif crops and
irrigation for winter/summer crops. Majority of
the ponds were seasonal. Out of 168 ponds, 66.3%
ponds retain water only for 6 months, 12.8% for 6-9
months and rest (20%) for 9-12 months.
Table 12: Water bodies available in the area
Cluster
No. of ponds
Jamtara
Narayanpur
Jama
Dumka
23
85
20
40
168
Total area
(ha)
6.31
40.0
6.75
9.0
62.06
Water availability during year
Up to 6 months
6-9 months
9-12 months
15
3
5
60
8
16
6
8
4
34
0
9
115 (69%)
19 (11%)
34 (20%)
20%
6 Months
9 Months
11%
69%
12 Months
Fig 8: Seasonality of the pond
Table 13: Nutrient status of the pond soil & water:
Cluster
pH
Jamtara
4.5-9.5
Narayanpur
Dumka
Jama
Nutrient Status of Soil
Physico-chemical & Biological Status of water
N (kg/ha) P (kg/ha) K (kg/ha)
pH
DO
Alkalinity Plankton
(ppm)
(ppm)
250-450 0-10
225-375 6.5-7.5
5-8.0 ppm 115Low to
240ppm
moderate
Table 14: Fish production & Productivity
No. of
HH
215
Total Average size
Initial
Enhanced
Cost of Production
Total
Enhanced
no. of of the pond productivity Productivity rearing
(kg/unit)
income income Rs./
ponds
(unit)
(kg/ha)
(kg/ha)
(Rs./unit)
(Rs./unit)
year/HH
168
0.12 ha
105
650
2200
102
10200
6000
29
It was observed that fish productivity was maximum in
Dumka followed by Jamtara, Narayanpur and Jama block.
The farmers were dependent on the vendor of the
neighbouring state for seed and harvesting of the fishes. The
farmers were trained and quality fish seed of Catla, Rohu,
Mrigal were provided. They were also educated to apply the
lime in the pond and trained in the techniques of harvesting
of the fishes, so that the dependancy could be reduced. The
fish production increased from 105 kg/ha/yr to 650 kg/ha/yr
during the last three years.
6.5 Animal Husbandry
Livestock is one of the important components of the livelihood of farmers of the project area. They keep large
animals for milk and agriculture purposes and small animals for meat and eggs. Analysis of survey results
showed that the household to live stock ratio was 2.2-3.84. The maximum number of livestock/ household
was maximum in Narayanpur followed by Dumka, Jamtara and Jama.
4.5
Weight(kg) at 12 months
4
No. of live stock
3.5
3
2.5
2
3.84
1.5
1
2.2
2.59
3
0.5
20
15
10
5
0
0
Jama
Jamtara
Dumka
Narayanpur
Fig 9: House hold to livestock ratio
Cross
bred
Black
Bengal
Fig 10: Growth of kid
Introduction of Beetal Bucks: The Black
Bengal goat was introduced to the landless and
marginal farm families on subsidized rates. A
total of 1400 goats had been introduced to 607
household. Most of the farmers keep Black
Bengal/ Desi goats which was smaller in size
and low in meat production. Aimed at genetic
improvement (upgradation) of the Desi /Black
Bengal goats, one Beetal buck was introduced
in each village of project area. It was found
that the body weight of the cross bred kid
(Beetal x Black Bengal) obtained was higher in
comparison to Black Bengal kid (Black Bengal
x Black Bengal) goats. The body weight of one
year old cross bred was 18-20 kg which was
higher than the native Black Bengal goats (10-12 kg). This gave a direct income of 6-8 kg meat in similar condition.
It was seen that farmers had additional income of Rs. 7280/yr by maintaining three female Black Bengal goats.
30
Table 15 : Details of livestock intervention & income
Average
Cost of
No. (unit)/ rearing
HH
(Rs./unit)
Production/
Unit
Total
income
(Rs./unit)
Enhanced
income Rs./
year/HH
1,420
1200 eggs
5,960
4,540
2-3
7,940*
13 kid
22,500*
7,280
373
4-5
15,341*
28 Piglets
42,000*
13,330
1,228
10-12
1,500
800 eggs
4,000
2,500
No. of
HH
Total
no.
Poultry
670
6,700
10
Goatry
607
1,400
Piggry
93
Duckery
119
Livestock
*In 2 years, HH=Household
The introduction of Beetal Buck had not only improved the goat kids in
the NAIP adopted villages but also benefitted the farmers of neighbouring
villages as evident from the case study of the farmer earning an additional
income of Rs. 1000-1500/month by maintaining the Buck.
Introduction of improved breed of pigs: Desi Pig rearing was a common
practice among tribal population which generally possessing slow growth
rate, small litter size and prone to high incidence of skin diseases. Therefore,
the improved breed of TxD had been introduced in the project villages. All
together 373 piglets were introduced to 93 households. It was found that
there was significant difference in growth of Desi and improved bred of
pig. The improved pig attains a higher growth rate (70-80 kg weight in six
months age) in comparison to Desi (40-45 kg) larger Litter size (8-10) in
comparison to Desi (5-6) pig. The skin disease is also very less in TxD in
comparison to Desi. A farmer can earn Rs.13, 330/yr maintaining two sows
and one boar.
It had been felt that Pig rearing was more profitable when the farmer had
easy access to hotel waste or ability to reduce the cost of feeding of pigs.
It had been found that a unit of 3 piglets (2 females + one male) could be
easily managed by small marginal farmers. The arrangement of hotel waste
needed more manpower pig farming could be adopted successfully for this
reason by those household who had more family members.
Introduction of poultry & duck: It was the most common practice in villages
to keep 10-20 poultry in most of the houses but usually they keep the Desi
birds whose growth laying performances were very poor. Therefore, the low
input improved breed like Divyayan Red, Vanaraja and Gramapriya birds were
introduced. These birds have very good scavenging habits and they may be
reared for backyard poultry farming. It was found that these improved breed
laid 125-150 eggs in one year which was very high as compared to Desi birds
(40-50 eggs). The improved bred attained 1500 gm of body weight at 12-14
weeks of age whereas the Desi birds attained 900-1000 g at the same age. The
only thing that is lacking in improved breed is broodiness therefore the farmers
have to keep the Desi female birds for production of chicks.
31
The Khakhi Campbell ducks were introduced among the farmers also
contributed higher number of eggs in comparison to Desi chicks. Thus, it
improved the family income of the farmers by sale of egg and meat. Altogether
6700 poultry birds were introduced among 670 families. By maintaining 8
hens and 2 cocks, the farmer earned Rs. 4,540/family/yr and by maintaining
same no. of ducks the farmer earned Rs. 1,650/family/yr by sale of eggs and
meat.
Vaccination treatment:
Vaccination treatment of animals prior to the project was very meagre. This
was a very important component for success of animal husbandry programme.
In 1st year of the project, there was outbreak of PPR in goats and FMD in cattle
in the villages of the project area. It was felt that vaccination treatment camps
should be organised regularly in the villages, after that regular vaccination
programme was conducted for all animals in the project villages. Link men and
educated youths of the villages were also trained for vaccinating the animals
as per need. A total of 11,074 animals had been vaccinated and treated during
the project period. The vaccination programme of PPR, FMD and regular
deworming had reduced the mortality from 70% to 30%.
Introduction of chaff cutter:
Hand operated Chaff cutter machine was introduced in all the villages of the
project area. The farmers were used to feed their animals without chopping
the straw. This caused digestive problems in livestock, by chopping the straw
it helped in proper digestion, thereby improving the palatability, health and
environment.
Introduction of Travis:
For treatment, vaccination and handling the animals Travis had been introduced
in all the villages of the project area. The introduction of Travis made easy
for handling the animals even by the villagers for vaccination and treatment.
6.6 Lac rearing
Lac played an important role in livelihood development in the villages. The
Palas and Ber trees were found in abundance in the area which are generally
cut for using as fuel in the kitchen. Farmers were educated to use these trees
for lac cultivation which could fetch extra income from the unused tree.
More than 10,100 palas trees were inoculated in all the adopted villages
with broodlac by the farmers. An income of around Rs 8.57 lakh had been
generated by 148 households in Dumka and Jamtara districts by intervention
of lac production.
A potential tree of palas has been identified in Bhounra village (Dumka) to be
capable of producing three times more yield than normal ones.
Three villages of each district have been identified as potential broodlac
production hub. These are Bhounra, Kodokicha-7 and Jiyathar in Dumka,
Baramajhladih, Dahartola and Karmatanr in Jamtara district.
32
Ber and palas trees located on border of rice fields have been utilized successfully
for lac production without any adverse effect on paddy.
Rangeeni broodlac production was successfully taken from summer crop in
Bhounra and Karela village of Dumka district due to suitable climate. Normally
summer crop do not survive in many lac growing areas on ber tree. Women folk
are actively involved in collection and scraping of lac.
During three consecutive years of drought 2009, 2010 and 2013, farmers who
have adopted lac cultivation with substantial number of trees earned sufficient
income from production of broodlac and did not migrate to other areas for
livelihood as lac production have helped and compensate loss due to scanty
rains (Example: Sri Vakil Murmu of Dahartola village; Sri Baldev Mari, Sri
Nirmal Mari of Baramajhladih village; Sri Baldev Mari, Sri Kaleswar Mari of
Karmatanr village in Jamtara district; Sri Sudhir Mari of Bhounra village; Sri
Bhado Murmu of Sagbehri village in Dumka district etc.). The technology of
lac production radiated from NAIP adopted area to adjoining villages namely;
Amra, Muswachak, Lilatari, Sarepahari, Jiyathar and Sagbehri in Dumka district,
Kashitanrh, Chalna, Karmatanrh, Nawadih and Jhilimtanrh in Jamtara district.
Table 16 : Details of Lac intervention & income
No. of trees
inoculated
No. of lac
introduced
villages
No. of HH
involved
Production
(q)
Employment
generated
(man-days)
Income
(Rs in lakh)
Income/
family/ year
(in Rs.)
10,100
17
148
82.78
2300
8.57
5790.00
6.7 Women empowerment and drudgery reduction
Farm women play an important role in agriculture. Some improved farm implements
were introduced and women were trained in mushroom production, value addition
in fruits and vegetables to reduce their drudgery and make empowerment.
Altogether, 128 tribal women farmers (out of 247) are now engaged in oyster
mushroom cultivation in NAIP villages which indicates an adoption rate of 51.8%.
This includes 46 women under 4 SHGs in 3 villages of Jama block and 82 women
under 5 SHGs in 2 villages of Dumka block of Dumka district. The harvest is
1-2 kg per bag and the produce is sold @ Rs.80-120 per kg. The farm women have
made contributions in the group fund. It had been found that mushroom production
is more on wheat straw than that on paddy straw. Twelve women of Gulab Baha
SHG of Karela village of Jama block in Dumka district produced the maximum of
678.85 kg oyster mushroom from 446 inoculated bags which was sold @ Rs.120130/kg valuing the produce at Rs.83,146/-. Regular production and consumption
of oyster mushroom and green vegetables had impacted positively on health and
nutrition of the members of farm families. After gaining expertise confidence in
oyster mushroom cultivation, the tribal lady Smt. Lilmuni Soren of Karela village
of Jama block of Dumka district became an expert trainer and is now actively
engaged in diffusion of oyster mushroom cultivation in non-NAIP villages. So
33
far, she has trained 228 farmers (39 male and 189 females) in 12 non-NAIP
villages under 3 blocks (Jama, Dumka and Ramgarh) of Dumka district.
These 228 farmers have started cultivation of oyster mushroom. Smt. Soren
is also earning money through training from sponsors like Department of
Soil Conservation, Govt. of Jharkhand, local Grameen Banks, etc. Even
after withdrawal of NAIP support, Miss Parvati Baski of Guhiajori village of
Dumka block of Dumka district is coming regularly to purchase mushroom
spawn from our Research Centre at Ranchi and continuing the mushroom
production. The farm women were also trained in preparation of mushroom
pickle, tomato sauce, jack fruit pickle and papad making. They are producing
pickles and sauce at their homes, selling the products in local village markets
and line hotels.
The conventional farm implements had been used by the farmers which
needs more labour. To reduce the drudgery and improve the efficiency,
small tools had been introduced. Out of total farm implements introduced
in the village the bullock drawn puddler did not work because it needed
more draft power and animal available in the village was of smaller built.
Table 17: Farm implements used by the farmers & new tools introduced
Agricultural
operations
Tillage
Sowing
weeding
Plant protection
irrigation
Harvesting
Threshing
Tools in use
Tools introduced during project period
Desi plough plank
Desi plough, spade
Kudali, Gainta, Khurpi
Manual sprayer
Diesel pump set
Sickle
Beating on stone, manual thresher
Bullock drawn puddler
Improved spade, dutch hoe
Improved khurpi, cono weeder, finger weeder
Knapsack sprayer
Portable diesel pumpset
Improved sickle
Paddle thresher for paddy , diesel pump
operated wheat thresher
Winnowing
Storage structure
Milling
Sup
Kuchuri (made of straw)
Dhekali ricemill
GI sheet storage bin
-
6.8 Farming system models
After introduction of the improved package of practices, the farmer adopted the technologies as per the
availability of resources and man power.
Table 18 : Productivity (q/ha) of major crops
Major crops
Before NAIP
NAIP village 2012
After NAIP 2013
Non NAIP 2013
Paddy
15.7
33.9
31
17.08
Wheat
17.6
28.6
23
15.7
Maize
16.7
28.8
20
16.71
Mustard
5.6
12
7.9
5.59
34
The productivity of the major crops had increased 62% to 116% with an increase in income from Rs.24, 464/
family to Rs.73, 684/family in NAIP villages against the annual income was Rs. 23,471/family in Non-NAIP
villages. The major contribution in the income was achieved from the allied activities of agriculture i.e. lac
rearing, fish culture, mushroom etc. The increased income of the farmers had been spent towards education
of the children and purchase of household items which indicates the improvement of their livelihood status.
7
Agriculture+
Horticulture
13
27
35
Animal
husbandry
18
18
20
39
32
30
14
20
6
10
Fig 14: Percentage income in non NAIP village
2013
80000
39
15
7
Before
NAIP
0
After NAIP
2013
Animal
husbandry
Wages
Fig 13:Percentage income after NAIP 2013
48
Agriculture+
Horticulture
11
Others
Annual Income (in Rs.)
Percentage Expenditure
Fig 12:Percentage income before NAIP
40
41
48
Wages
Others
50
Animal
husbandry
Wages
61
60
Agriculture+
Horticulture
73684
70000
60000
50000
40000
24464
30000
23471
20000
10000
0
Before NAIP
Fig15: Percentage Expenditure in different component
After NAIP
2014
Non NAIP
2014
Fig 16: Average Annual Income/Household
The livelihood options had increased after NAIP interventions.
Table 19: Livelihood options before NAIP & after NAIP
Sl. No. Livelihood options before NAIP
Livelihood options after NAIP and diversified
1
Conventional Agriculture
Improved Agriculture
2
Limited and unorganized Horticulture
Horticulture (Poly tunnel, Off season vegetables)
3
Animal Husbandry
Organized Animal Husbandry
4
Labour
Fisheries
5
Lac rearing
6
Mushroom
7
Orchard
8
Labour
35
Agricul
ture
Agricult
ure
Horticul
ture
Fisheries
Animal
husbandry
Farmer
Horticu
lture
Farmer
Lac
Wages
Mushro
om
Wages
Livelihood options before NAIP
Animal
husband
ry
Livelihood options after NAIP
6.9 Swot Analysis
Strength
1. Farmers were practicing different types of enterprises for their livelihood so in case of failure of one
enterprise other support the livelihood.
2. Farm women also plays important role in agriculture.
Weakness
1. Illiteracy
2. Most of the farmers were resource poor.
3. Poor soil health and irrigation facilities.
Opportunities
1. The area had abundant Palas & Ber tree, introduction of lac cultivation had fetched good return.
2. In low land there was water, vegetable cultivation could be promoted in middle land after digging a
small pit.
3. There was good local market for the agricultural produce.
Threats
1. To sustain the technology there is need of inputs availability. The availability of quality planting material,
spawn for mushroom production is difficult.
2. After certain stage when the production increases and will be surplus for local market there will be need
of strong market linkage and post harvest processing facilities.
3. Infrastructure would be needed to store more rainwater to increase the irrigation facilities.
Table 20: Income and expenditure of different component of farming
Sl. No.
1
2
3
4
5
Particulars
No. of animals/unit size
Expenditure Rs.
Gross return Rs.
Net return Rs.
Cost : Return ratio
Ducks
10
1500
4000
2500
1.6
Poultry
10
1420
5960
4540
4.2
36
Goats
3
9800
26000
16200
2.65
Pigs
3
26896
84000
57104
3.1
Lac rearing Fish culture
10 tree
0.02 ha
1500
2200
15000
10200
13500
6000
10.0
4.6
The economics of the different component had been studied and found that backyard poultry rearing has
more return (4.2) followed by pig (3.1), Goat (2.6) and duck (1.6). The return in lac rearing is quite high
(10.0) followed by fish culture (4.6). There are number of trees in the villages which could be a very potential
area for sustainable livelihood.
Based on the findings of the different interventions, the successful models had been selected for the different
categories of the farmers. The farming system evolved from the project provided additional income to the
adopted farmers.
Table 21: Recommended livelihood model for landless farmers (land holding < 0.01 ha)
Sl.
No.
1
Component
Poultry (Unit:10 birds) Breed: Vanraja
Goat rearing (Unit:3 nos) Breed: Black
2
Bengal x Beetal
3
Pig rearing (2+1) Breed: TxD
Total
*In 2 years
Input cost
(Rs./unit)
1,420
Output
(Rs./unit)
5,960
Net Return
(Rs.) /yr/unit
4,540
7,940*
22,500*
7,280
15,341*
42,000*
13,330
25150
Table 22: Recommended livelihood model for marginal farmers (land holding 0.01-1.0 ha)
Sl.
No.
1
2
3
4
Component
Poultry(Unit:10 birds)
Breed: Vanraja
Goat rearing (Unit:3 nos)
Breed: Black Bengal x Beetal
Pig rearing (2+1)
Breed: TxD
Agriculture
Input cost
(Rs./unit)
Output
(Rs./unit)
Net Return
(Rs.) /yr/unit
1,420
5,960
4,540
7,940*
22,500*
7,280
15,341*
42,000*
13,330
7,282
16,876
9,594
34,744
Total
*In 2 years
Table 23: Recommended livelihood model for small farmers (land holding 1-2 ha): Rice/Lac based
farming system
Sl.
No.
1
2
Component
Poultry (Unit:10 birds) Breed: Vanraja
Goat rearing (Unit:3 nos) Breed: Black Bengal,
Beetal
Agriculture (Kharif & Rabi)
Horticulture
Lac (10 trees)
Fisheries (100 x 100 ft)
3
4
5
6
Total
*In 2 years
37
Input cost
(Rs./unit)
1,420
Output
(Rs./unit)
5,960
Net Return
(Rs.) /yr/unit
4,540
7940*
22,500*
7,280
15,089
1,500
2,000
2,200
37,075
4,500
17,000
10,200
21,986
3,000
15,000
8,000
59,806
Table 24: Income and expenditure of different farming system
Sl.
No.
Category of
farmer
Farming
system
Expenditure
(Rs.)
Gross income
(Rs.)
Net income
(Rs.)
Cost: Return
ratio
1
Landless
Livestock
rearing
13060
38210
251503
2.9
2
Marginal
20342
55086
34744
2.7
3
Small
Rice/lac based
farming system
26179
85985
59806
3.3
7. Innovations
Ramakant nadi kund When there is no flowing water in the river during the summer, the farmers dug in
the sand and lift water beneath the river bed for irrigation of rabi crops. Each time they have to remove the
sand so that the foot valve does not get chocked with sand. This practice is labour intensive and demands
that one person is engaged for this work only. As a new intervention, a circular structure of iron with both
the end open, some holes in the sides was fabricated. After removing some sand from bottom of the river
this structure (Kund) is sunken in the river bed and again the sand from the centre of the structure/kund is
removed. By repeating the process the whole Kund was sunken in the sand and only 8-10 inches remaining
above the bed. The water starts accumulating in the Kund which was pumped for irrigation. It eliminates the
need to remove sand every time from the Nadi Kund thus saves labour cost considerably.
This was cost effective (Rs.2,600.00), portable and very much accepted by the farmers. By the use of such
Nadi Kund, farmers were able to increase the area of wheat cultivation. This also saves the labour engaged
for cleaning the small ditches. It has been worked out that a farmer can save Rs.13,875/- in three years using
Nadi Kund.
38
The Nadi Kund was circular (112.5 cm in diameter) iron sheet with following specification,
Table 25: Specification of Nadi Kund
Sl. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Description
Alloy metal used for fabrication
Thickness of sheet
Width of sheet
Weight
Diameter of kund
Depth of kund
Number of vertical bars for support
Number of horizontal rings for support
Number of holes made in the body of kund
Diameter of the holes
Depth upto which holes were made (from lower side)
Methods used for making holes
Distance between hole to hole
Specification
Iron sheet
20 gauge
128.75 cm
24 kg
112.5 cm
128.75 cm
4
4
500 minimum
6 mm
90 cm
Welding flames
10 cm (approx)
Table 26: Comparative analysis of Ramakant Nadi Kund with conventional system
Sl. No.
Process
1
Digging of pit for water storage/fixing of
kund in river bed.
2
9
10
11
Cost of bamboo basket used to put suction
pipe valve during lifting of irrigation water
Maintaining of pit during operation of pump
for irrigation (man days) to remove sands
falling inside the pit
Minimum number of days require per
irrigation /ha, if pump operates 8 hrs per day
Man days required per irrigation/ha
Minimum number of irrigation needed for
wheat cultivation
Total man days for maintaining pits during
cultivation of wheat
Minimum cost(Rs.) involves in digging and
maintaining pit during pump operation @
Rs.100/man day
Cost involves in fabricating Ramakant Nadi Kund
Life Span
Maintenance cost of Ramakant Nadi Kund
12
13
Expenditure in 3 yrs
Saving
3
4
5
6
7
8
Pit in the river bed
6 labourers x 5 hrs for
one irrigation=3.75 man
days
Rs. 30 per season
Ramakant Nadi Kund
5 labourers x 4 hrs for
installation of kund =
2.5 man days
Nil
2 person per day
Nil
4
4
8
5
2
5
8x5=40
Nil
3.75x5+40x100 =
Rs. 5875
Rs.250
Nil
One irrigation
Rs.2,600
3 years
Rs. 500 for 3 year (up
keeping paint)
Rs. 3,850
Rs. 17,715 - 3,850 =
Rs. 13,875
Rs. 17,715
39
8. Process/ Product/Technology Developed
Sl.
No.
1
2
3
4
Process/Product/Technology Developed
Nadi Kund
Pitcher irrigation in limited water supply
Brood lac cultivation
Pig rearing based on hotel waste
Adoption/Validation/
Responsible Partner
Commercialization, etc.
Adoption
CRURRS
Validation
ICAR RCER Research
Centre
Adoption
IINRG
Adoption
BAU
9. Linkages and Collaborations
Sub-Project Leader Partners
Lac produce (IINRG)
Crop seed training programme
(CRURRS)
Availability of crop seed (BAU)
Availability of Mushroom spawn (BAU)
Health care of livestock (BAU)
Fish seed (BAU)
Lift irrigation(at Ragad, Karela, Rampur
and Muslim tola) (CRURRS)
Linkages developed
Forward (marketing of lac produce) backward (accessibility
towards broodlac, pesticides and tools) facilities were linked
ATMA, Dumka and Jamtara ,Zonal Research Station, Dumka
and KVK Jamtara were involved to facilitate the programme
Block adminstration of Jamtara, Narayanpur, Jama and
Dumka
Zonal Research Station, Dumka and KVK, Dumka.
Deptt. of Animal Husbandry, Dumka and Jamtara
Deptt. of Fisheries, Dumka and Jamtara
ATMA and Deptt. of Agriculture, Govt.of Jharkhand
10. Status on Environmental and Social Safeguard Framework
Environmental
Positive
effects
Negative
effects
Social
Mitigation measures
taken to minimize
the negative effects
Positive effects
Conservation
of Palas,
Ber Kusum
tree in NAIP
adopted area.
Use of
chemical
(synthetic)
fertilizer) in
spraying
Initiated to spraying of Involvement of women
in different activities of
bio pesticides.
lac farming. They are
enjoying their life with
pride.
Cropping
intensity
increased
1. Proper application Income increased
1.Loss
of soil
of nutrient.
nutrient. 2. Recommended
2. Use of
dose of fertilizers
chemical
were applied on the
fertilizer.
basis of soil test.
3. Use of
3. Application of
Pesticide
require amount
of bio pesticides
were encouraged
along with IPM
40
Negative Mitigation measures
effects
taken to minimize
Nil
NA
Nil
NA
Environmental
Positive
effects
Irrigation
Potential
Increased
Negative
effects
Conflict in
community
ownership.
Social
Mitigation measures
taken to minimize
Positive effects
Measures were taken
for encouraging
farmers’ community
ownership of natural
resources like pond
and farm reservoirs.
Farmers were
engaged round the
year in their own
field. Due to increase
in employment and
income, the stress
migration reduced.
Negative Mitigation measures
effects
taken to minimize
Nil
NA
11. Constraints and Remedial Measures Taken
Sl. No.
Constraints
1
The area was situated in remote place and far
away from Ranchi; hence frequent monitoring
becomes very difficult.
2
Frequent leaving of RAs
3
4
Remedial measures
Two fields’ offices at Jamtara and Dumka had
been established and RAs were posted in the field
offices.
Linkman had been trained to implement the
programme in case of non availability of RAs
Language problem in communication to farmers Linkman (Local educated youth) had been
engaged from the same area to communicate the
messages to the farmers in their language.
The farm family size small; hence despite of
The farmers were advised to concentrate on few
interest in the technology many farm families were technologies as per the manpower resources
unable to devote time. Sometimes farmers were
available to them.
confused what to adopt and what to leave.
12. Publications
Sl. No.
1
2
3
Authors, Title of the paper,
Name of Journal, Year, Vol. & Page No.
R.S. Pan; Low poly tunnel cultivation of bottle gourd in offseason; ICAR Reporter (October-December 2010), p 12.
Amresh Thakur, et al. 2010 Impact of ditches for water
storage in Rainfed areas of Dumka. A case study accepted
in Journal of Research, BAU.
Impact of Animal Husbandry components of NAIP in
Dumka district, M.V.Sc.Thesis, BAU
41
NAAS
Responsible Partner
Ratings
ICAR RCER Research
Centre, Ranchi
BAU
-
BAU
13. Media Products Developed/Disseminated
1
/kku dh mUur [ksrh
No. of
Copies
1000
2
vjgj dh mUur [ksrh
1000
3
edbZ dh mUur [ksrh
1000
4
feêh LokLF; dkMZ
1000
5
fefJr eNyh ikyu
1000
6
e`nk dk uewuk ,d= djus dh fof/k
1000
7
vEyh; Hkwfe esa iSnkokj c<+kus gsrq jklk;fud [kknksa ds
lkFk pwus dk iz;ksx djsa
1000
8
dsapqvk [kkn
1000
9
Developing sustainable farming system
models for prioritized micro watershed area of
Jharkhand (English)
>kj[k.M ds o"kkZfJr fpfUgr lw{e tyNktu {ks= esa
fVdkÅ lesfdr Ñf"k iz.kkyh dk fodkl
1000
1000
Target villages and
neighbouring village
BAU
11
i'kq&i{kh Vhdkdj.k dkMZ
1000
BAU
12
cht mRiknu rduhd
1000
13
jekdkUr unhdq.M
1000
14
r`".kk ls r`fIr rd 2012& lhMh
10
Target villages and
Target villages and
Target villages and
Each cluster
15
>kj[k.M ds o"kkZfJr fpfUgr lw{e tyNktu {ks= esa
fVdkÅ lesfdr Ñf"k iz.kkyh dk fodkl ¼miyfC/k;k¡½
1000
Dumka and Jamtara
BAU
16
nqedk vkSj tkerkM+k ftys esa ykg dh [ksrh cuk
vkthfodk dk Jksr
1000
Dumka and Jamtara
BAU
17
ekSleh rkykc esa O;kolkf;d eNyh ikyu% ,d lQyrk
dh dgkuh
1000
Dumka and Jamtara
BAU
18
ohfM;ks fQYe& lhMh
20
ykg ikyu dh lQy dgkuh
21
pkoy xgurk iz.kkyh ;k ,l- vkj- vkbZ- ¼Jh½ fof/k ls
/kku dh [ksrh
Sl. No.
10
CD, Bulletins, Brochures, etc.
5
42
Distribution
Target villages and
Target villages and
Target villages and
Target villages and
Target villages and
Target villages and
Target villages and
Target villages and
Target villages and
Responsible
Partner
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
CRURRS
BAU
BAU
In each cluster
IINRG
1000
600 copies
IINRG
1000
Target villages and
BAU
14. Meetings/Seminars/Trainings/Kisan Mela, etc. organized
Sl.
No.
Details of Meetings/Seminars/Trainings
etc.
Duration
(From-To)
1
Agriculture, Fisheries, Animal Husbandry,
Soil Science and Ag. Engineering
Agriculture and Fisheries
Lac culture
Fish Harvesting
Fish Harvesting
Fisheries
Fisheries
Village level committee and cluster level
committee
19.06.08
No. of
Personnel
Trained
96
Post harvest
20.06.08
16.10.08
16.11.08
17.11.08
16.05.09
17.05.09
21.05.09
22.05.09
07.06.09
08.06.09
05.12.09
21
17
16
19
24
20
22
20
97
94
35
13
14
15
16
17
Health management of livestock
SHG empowerment project audit
Animal health and vaccination camp
Farmers Scientist meet
Farmers Scientist meet
16.05.10
23.07.10
12.08.10
28.10.10
28.01.11
57
47
12
206
36
18
19
20
21
Chaff cutter operation and establishment
Chaff cutter operation and establishment
Lac rearing
Lac rearing
17.12.11
18.12.11
31.03.09-02.04.09
31.01.11-03.02.11
63
15
24
13
BAU, ICAR RCER,
RANCHI, KVK,
ATMA
BAU
BAU, ATMA
BAU
All partners
BAU, KVK, ATMA,
ZRS
CRURRS, BAU
CRURRS, BAU
IINRG, Ranchi
IINRG, Ranchi
22
23
24
25
26
27
Lac rearing
Lac rearing
Animal husbandry
Animal husbandry
Animal husbandry
Soil testing by soil testing kit.
14.03.11-18.03.11
05.03.12-7.03.12
23.03.09-30.03.09
18.05.09-25.05.09
09.03.10-16.03.10
22.06.11-23.06.11
21
30
17
20
18
7
IINRG, Ranchi
IINRG, Ranchi
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
28
Training on value addition to tomato, peas
and mushroom
Training on rearing of poultry, piggery
and goatry
13.02.12-15.02.12
20
03.06.11-05.06.11.
75
Home Science,
BAU
BAU
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
29
Kharif crop
43
Organizer
BAU
BAU, ATMA, KVK
BAU, ATMA, KVK
BAU, ATMA, KVK
Sl.
No.
Details of Meetings/Seminars/Trainings
etc.
Duration
(From-To)
30
31
32
District level workshop at Jamtara
District level workshop at Dumka
Lac production by Scientific method (field
training)
Training on “Value addition, processing
and preservation of fruits and vegetables”
Agrotech 2010
Kisan mela
Kisan mela
Management practices for Kharif and
Rabi crops
District level workshop at Dumka
District level workshop at Jamtara
Training of livestock management at
Dumka
20.01.12
21.01.12
10.10.11-15.10.11
No. of
Personnel
Trained
400
380
90
10.03.11-11.03.11
25
14.03.11-15.03.11
24
24.03.12-26.03.12
20
ICAR RCER RC,
Ranchi
ICAR RCER RC,
Ranchi
KVK, Dumka
06.03.08-08.03.10
02.03.12-04.03.12
26.02.09-28.02.09
27.03.12-28.03.12
200
250
85
50
BAU
BAU
BAU
CRURRS
24.09.13
04.10.13
15.03.12
350
150
78
BAU
BAU
BAU
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
Organizer
BAU
BAU
IINRG
43
Jamtara
26.03.12
85
BAU
44
Dumka
22.12.13
80
BAU
45
Jamtara
23.12.13
78
BAU
46
State level workshop on popularization of
the NAIP technologies
04.01.14
98
BAU
44
15. Performance Indicators
Sl.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Number of new technologies developed/introduced in the project area
Number of improved technologies introduced in project areas
Number of improved technologies adopted in these areas
Number of farmers involved in consortia activities
5.
Increase in agriculture services processing enterprises in project area
6.
Increase in income of participating household (Rs/Annum)
7.
Number of farmer groups involved in consortia activities
8.
Incremental employment generated (person days/year/HH)
9.
No. of farmers/area in addition to project beneficiary farmers adopting
introduced technologies
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Indicator
Total No.
Number of patent/intellectual property protection applications filed
based on NAIP research
Number of patents/intellectual property protections granted/published
based on NAIP research
Number of scientists trained overseas in the frontier areas of science
Number of scientists trained overseas in consortium-based subject areas
No. of scientists participated in conference/seminar etc. abroad
Success stories
Amount of sustainability fund corpus created (` Lakh)
Number of novel tools/protocols/methodologies developed
Publications
Articles in NAAS rated journals
Articles in other journals
Book(s)
Book chapter(s)
Thesis
Popular article(s) (English)
Newspaper article(s)
Seminar/Symposium/Conference/Workshop Proceedings
Technical bulletin(s)
Manual(s)
CDs/Videos
Popular article(s) in other language
Folder/Leaflet/Handout
Report(s)
Success stories
45
7
7
5
2100
Baseline
0
Baseline
24,544
Final
5
Final
73,684
86
Baseline
207
Farmers
(No.)
300
Final
317
Area (ha)
89
0
0
0
0
0
12
10.57
7
0
1
0
0
1
1
15
1
10
0
3
0
8
4
12
16. Employment Generation (man-days/year)
Sl.
No.
1
2
3
4
Type of Employment Generation
Employment Generation
Responsible Partner
More work in own farm, opportunities
in Animal Husbandry and Fisheries
Lac rearing
Horticulture and Mushroom
Crop seed production
12,2500
BAU
2,150
4,594
21,410
IINRG
ICAR RCER RC, Ranchi
CRURRS
17. Assets Generated
i. Equipment
Sl.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
Name of the Equipment with
Manufacturers Name, Model Sr. No.
Bench Balance Avery/H311AL112A
Spectroquant Photometer Nova 60
Orient Pulverizer
Mixing machine
Sewing Machine
Water Purification system, Model Millipore
Hot water both Reico—equipment
Instrument Pvt.Ltd, Kolkata
Ion meter, Model S 50 K brand Mahler
S/No 123009561
Anomad Electronic Balance
PC based split beam scanning UV VIS
spectrophotometer model UV-2300
Mobile feed block machine
Scorpio
LCD
AC
Still Camera
Printer
Weighing machine
UPS
Lac processing unit
Digital camera
Computer
Computer
Digital camera
Poly house
Digital camera
PC with printer, scanner, UPS and other
accessories
Poly house
Drip irrigation system
Year of
Purchase
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
Quantity
(Nos.)
1
1
1
1
1
1
2009
1
2009
1
2009
1
2009
1
2010
2009
2010
2010
2008
2009
2009
2010
2009
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2008
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
2008
1
2009
2010
1
1
46
Total cost
(Rs in lakh)
0.276
2.60190
0.970000
0.66400
0.63700
5.24475
0.06750
1.98000
0.21700
1.63350
4.84700
7.42095
1.09
0.31750
0.26657
0.0900
0.9460
0.3500
2.00000
0.14990
0.55580
0.70000
0.15000
2.00000
0.15000
0.69238
0.2000
0.99864
Responsible
Partner
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
IINRG
BAU
ICAR RCER
RC, Ranchi
ii. Works
Sl. No.
1
2
3
4
Particulars of
the Work,
Name Address of Agency
Awarded the Work
Pond-26 (8 new,
18 renovation)
Ditches
Vermicompost
pit and enriched
compost pit
Ring well
1. M/S Shakti Construction,
Dumka
2. M/S Gauri Shanker, Jamtara
3. M/S Sanjay Kumar, Jamtara
4. M/S Rafique Ansari, Jamtara
5. M/S Farooq Ansari, Jamtara
M/S Shyam Ventilator, Dumka
Road, Jamtara
Year of
Work
Done
2009-10
Quantity Total Cost
(Nos.)
(Rs.)
26
2009-10
2009-10
164
73
2009-10
23
53,81927
Responsible
Partner
BAU
iii. Livestock
Sl.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Details of Livestock
(Breed etc.)
Duck
Goat
Pig
Poultry
Duck
Goat
Pig
Poultry
Duck
Goat
Pig
Poultry
Goat
Duck
Pig
Poultry
Goat (F)
Goat(M)
Year of Procurement/
Production
2008-2009
2009-2010
2010-2011
2011-2012
2012-2013
47
Nos.
Total Cost (Rs.)
350
284
125
31500
314340
186125
200
72
33
1000
400
459
3
2000
128
960
45
100
236
13
20000
146398
51711
100000
43000
963805
4995
200000
291769
120835
89800
10000
541769
93176
Responsible
Partner
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
BAU
18. Steps Undertaken for Post NAIP Sustainability
Total 88 SHG had been formed in the villages, out of which 72 have bank account and Rs. 10.37 lakh
as sustainable fund.
One person in each village had been trained as service provider to help the farmers in input arrangements
and livestock management.
The farmers have been linked up with BAU/ICAR RCER RC, Ranchi for assured supply of mushroom
spawn.
The farmers had been trained to contact call centre /SMS for technical support.
The farmers had been trained in water saving devices e.g. pitcher irrigation, ditches, mulching.
The rice had been substantiated by horticulture & lac cultivation.
The farmers had been linked with BAU for bio fertilizer.
The farmers had been linked with ATMA, NHM, Deptt. of fisheries for seed.
There was a clear cut difference in the income of farmers of NAIP & Non-NAIP Villages.
There was fan-out impact of the interventions in the adjoining areas of NAIP villages due to farmer to
farmer interaction.
19. Possible Future Line of Work
1.
Greater attention should be given for livelihood improvement through pig and goat rearing.
2.
Livestock development programme should be ethnic and location specific. Any livestock development
programme should aim to build on existing skill resources be incremental giving sufficient scope for
motivation and awareness building skill development to understand the actual objectives of the initiatives.
3. Development should be done on cluster basis in order to establish a system for input delivery,
technical support and marketing.
4.
The Goat production has given good results for the farmers who take care for timely medication,
vaccination and proper feed. Farmers reported goat mortality due to fever, diarrhoea, cough and
cold. The major cause of mortality was PPR, due to improper health care and lack of vaccination.
Vaccination programme should be taken up on regular basis.
5.
Duck has been found hardy in comparison to chicken and gave good results. The mortality was low
and farmers could fetch good profit because duck eggs fetched higher sale price than chicken eggs.
Duck farming should be promoted for higher income.
6.
Timely and effective input delivery system (kinds and technical support) should be made available
in the village itself.
7.
The educated youth should be trained and encouraged for regular vaccination of the livestock as
service provider.
8.
Post harvest processing facilities need to be developed both for vegetable, fruits and animal products.
9.
Establishment of village level efficient marketing system.
10. For continuation and further expansion of the technologies it should be included in the programme
of Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK).
48
20. Personnel
Name and Designation
Research Management (CL)
Dr. N. N. Singh,Vice-Chancellor, BAU, Ranchi
Dr. M.P. Pandey, Vice-Chancellor, BAU, Ranchi
Scientific (CPI, CCPI, others)
CPI- Dr. S.K. Pal, Professor Agronomy, BAU, Ranchi
CPI- Dr. A.K. Singh, Professor, Aquaculture, BAU, Ranchi
Dr. A.K. Sarkar, Dean, RAC, BAU, Ranchi
CCPI- Dr. R.S. Pan, Principal Scientist, ICAR RCER RC, Ranchi
CCPI- Dr. A.K. Jaiswal, Principal Scientist, IINRG, Ranchi
CCPI- Dr. R.K. Singh, Principal Scientist, CRURRS, Hazaribagh
CCPI- Dr. C.V.Singh, Senior Scientist, CRURRS, Hazaribagh
Dr. S.K. Singh, Co-PI, Animal Husbandry, BAU, Ranchi
Dr. A.K. Singh, Co-PI, Professor, Aquaculture, BAU, Ranchi
Dr. Shushil Prasad, Co-PI, Prof. Animal Husbandry, BAU, Ranchi
Dr. P.B. Saha, Co-PI, Sr. Scientist, ZRS, Dumka
Er. D.K. Rusia, Co-PI, Agril. Engineering, BAU, Ranchi
Dr. Arvind Kumar, Co-PI, Soil Science, BAU, Ranchi
Dr. S. Karmakar, Assoc. Scientist, Sr. Scientist, Agronomy, BAU, Ranchi
Dr. Praveen Kumar, Assoc. Scientist, Asstt. Professor, RVC, Ranchi
Dr. Sanjeev Kumar, Co-PI, PC, KVK, Jamtara
Dr. Sanjay Kumar, Assoc. Scientist, SMS, Animal Husbandry, KVK, Dumka
Contractual
Smt. Padmaja Gupta, Research Associate (BAU)
Sri Hemant Kumar, Research Associate (BAU)
Er. Amresh Kr. Thakur, Research Associate (BAU)
Dr. Dushyant Kr. Raghav, Research Associate (BAU)
Dr. Raghuveer Ranjan, Research Associate (BAU)
Dr. Sunil Kumar, Research Associate (BAU)
Sri Madhav Kumar, Research Associate, (IINRG)
49
From – To (DD/MM/YYYY)
01.09.2007-30-08-2011
07.09-2011-31.03.2014
01.09.2007-09.06.2009
26.09.2009-31.03.2014
01.09.2007-06.09.2011
01.09.2007-31.03.2014
01.09.2007-31.03.2014
01.09.2007-30.06.2011
01.07.2011-31.03.2014
01.09.2007-10.08.2011
01.09.2007-31.03.2014
17.08.2011-31.03.2014
26.09.2009-31.03.2014
01.09.2007-31.03.2014
01.09.2007-31.03.2014
01.09.2007-31.03.2014
07.10.2010-31.03.2014
20.09.2012-31.03.2014
20.09.2012-31.03.2014
18.09.2009-31.03.2012
20.05.2008-31.03.2012
27.01.2011-19.09.2011
22.01.2011-14.09.2011
08.07.2010-29.09.2011
04.02.2008-15.01.2010
17.05.2010-31.03.2014
Name and Designation
Dr. Abdul Karim, Research Associate (BAU, ICAR RCER RC, Ranchi)
Mr. Narendra Kumar, Research Associate (CRURRS)
Dr. Shiv Mangal Yadav, Research Associate (CRURRS)
Mr. Piyush Shrivastava, Research Associate (BAU)
Mr. Upendra Ram, Research Associate (BAU)
Mr. Ajit Kumar, Research Associate (BAU)
Mr. Arvind Kumar, Research Associate (BAU)
Mr. Sushil Kumar, Research Associate (BAU)
Mr. Dhirendra Yadav, Research Associate (IINRG)
Ms. Shewta Mishra, Office Assistant (BAU)
Mr. Sunil Kumar Singh, RA (Horticulture)
Mr. Pawan Kumar, RA (Horticulture)
Mr. Manohar Panjikar, RA (Horticulture)
Mr. Sunil Kumar, RA (Horticulture)
Mr. Abdul Karim, RA (Horticulture)
Mr. Rajendra Kumar, RA (Agronomy)
Mr. Kapil Kumar Saini, RA (Horticulture)
Dr. Birendra Kisore, RA (Animal Husbandry)
Dr. Dhamendra Kumar Dubey, RA (Agronomy)
Mr. Vidyapati Vidyakar, RA (Agronomy)
Dr. Madhav Roy, RA (IINRG)
Mr. Rameshwar Das, Office Assistant (BAU)
50
From – To (DD/MM/YYYY)
07.06.2010-31.03.2014
08.01.2008-13.09.2010
13.01.2011-31.03.2012
01.02.2008-10.12.2010
04.02.2008-03.02.2010
04.02.2008-13.02.2010
04.02.2008-07.05.2008
04.02.2008-13.06.2009
17.04.2008-02.03.2010
18.09.2009-31.03.2012
31.01.2008-12.08.2008
22.10.2008-11.09.2009
27.11.2009-31.03.2010
31.07.2010-31.05.2011
01.10.2011-31.03.2014
07.09.2013-31.03.2014
11.01.2013-31.03.2014
07.09.2013-31.03.2014
11.09.2013-15.02.2014
28.01.2013-31.03.2014
09.11.2012-31.01.2014
10.09.2013-31.03.2014
21. Governance, Management, Implementation Coordination
A. Composition of the various committees (CIC, CAC, CMU etc.)
Sl.
No.
1.
Committee
Chairman
Name
(From-To)
CAC
Dr. Kirti Singh,
Ex-Chairman
ASRB
26.09.200931.03.2014
2.
CIC
Dr. N.N. Singh,
Vice-Chancellor,
BAU, Ranchi
01.09.2007
-30-08-2011
Dr. M.P. Pandey,
Vice-Chancellor,
BAU, Ranchi
07.09.201131.03.2014
3.
CMU
Dr. N.N. Singh,
Vice-Chancellor,
BAU, Ranchi
01.09.2007
-30.08.2011
Dr. M.P. Pandey,
Vice-Chancellor,
BAU, Ranchi
07.09.201131.03.2014
Members
(From-To)
1. Dr. N.N. Singh ,Vice-Chancellor, BAU, 01.09.2007-03.08.2011
2. Dr. M.P. Pandey,Vice-Chancellor, BAU,07.9.2011-31.03.14
3. Dr. A.P. Srivastava, National Coordinator, NAIP, Krishi
Anushan Bhawan, Pusa,New Delhi-12. 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
4. Chief General Manager, NABARD, Ranchi. 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
5. Director, Sameti, Govt. of Jharkhand, Ranchi. 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
6. Dr. S. Tiwari, Ex-Director of Research, BAU. 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
7. Dr. B.P. Jain, Ex-Chairman, Horticulture, BAU. 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
8. Secretary, Badlao Foundation, Jamtara. 01.09.2007-31.03.2012
9. Secretary, Agarian Assistance Association, Dumka.
01.09.2007-31.03.2012
10.Mr. Sanat Hansda, Progressive farmer, Dumka. 01.9.2007-31.03.2014
11.Holi Cross Society, Hazaribagh 01.9.2007-31.03.2014
12.Ram Krishna Mission ,Ranchi 01.9.2007-31.03.2014
13.Dr. S.K. Pal 01.09.2007-09.06.2009
14.Dr. A.K. Singh 26.09.2009-31.03.2014
1. Dr. S.K. Pal, 01.09.2007 - 09.06.2009
2. Dr. A.K. Singh, 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
3. Dr. A.K. Sarkar, 01.09.2007 -06.09.2011
4. Dr. R.S. Pan, 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
5. Dr. A.K. Jaiswal, 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
6. Dr. R.K. Singh, 01.09.07- 30.06.2011
7. Dr. C.V. Singh 01.07.2011-31.03.2014
8. Dr. S.K. Singh, 01.09.2007-10.08.2011
9. Dr. Shushil Prasad, 17.08.2011-31.03.2014
10.Dr. P.B. Saha, 26.09.09-31.03.2014
11.Er. D.K. Rusia, 01.9.2007-31.03.2014
12.Dr. Arvind Kumar, 01.9.2007-31.03.2014
1. Dr. S.K. Pal, 01.09.2007- 09.06.2009
2. Dr. A.K. Singh, 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
3. Dr. A.K. Sarkar, 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
4. Dr. R.S. Pan, 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
5. Dr. A.K. Jaiswal, 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
6. Dr. R.K. Singh, 01.09.2007- 30.06.2011
7. Dr. C.V. Singh, 01.07.2011-31.03.2014
8. Dr. S.K. Singh, 01.09.2007-10.08.2011
9. Dr. Shushil Prasad, 17.08.2011-31.03.2014
10.Dr. P.B. Saha, 26.09.2009-31.03.2014
11.Er. D.K. Rusia, 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
12.Dr. Arvind Kumar, 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
13.Dr. R.P. Singh, 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
14.Comptroller, BAU, 01.09.2007-31.03.2014
51
B. List of Meetings organized (CIC, CAC, CMU etc.)
Sl.
No.
1.
Details of
the meeting
CIC
2.
CAC
Date
05.07.2008
17.10.2008
13.12.2008
17.04.2009
06.07.2009
15.10.2009
09.11.2009
20.10.2010
19.07.2010
05.07.2008
25.05.2011
25.08.2011
01.02.2012
06.09.2013
07.08.2008
08.06.2009
16.11.2009
10.03.2010
29.10.2010
24.10.2011
01.04.2013
03.01.2014
Place & Address
(Where meeting was organized)
Board room, BAU, Ranchi
Board Room, BAU, Ranchi
Conference Room, BAU, Ranchi
Board Room, RAC, BAU, Ranchi
Meeting Hall of ZRS, Dumka
52
53
15.5531
5.52216
-0.84223
-1.20591
1
1
0
0
0
0.71435
-1
1.71435
1.26701
0.88597
1
1
0
0
0
0.35083
0
0.35083
3.28815
3.2581
-0.03005
1.1763
-35
-0.62206
1.123
-5.33699
0 -2.77398
0 -59.29032
0
0
0
0 -24.77589
0
0
0
0 87.64675
0 71.01566
0 12.85577
2.52249
1.25283
2013-14
1.123 24.36884
1.68677
4.77524
1
1
0
0
0
5.25
2
3.25
50.4065 186.23765 18.09949 72.08201 49.37353
2.81255
15.25
59.37 27.64166
33.75
0
0
2012-13
Grand Total (A+B+C+D)
0.73292
9.0688 -5.45453
80.5
1
30
2
47.5
5.25
2
3.25
0.41015
1.04288
2011-12
20.12 10.93863
2
3.5
2010-11
Funds released
90.688 19.02712
70.25
14.938
2
3.5
2009-10
401.69102
0.86528
7.62225
8.4165
61.50204
6.1
0
4.37794
51.0241
14.85333
3
11.85333
298.65327
216.2437
64.86456
6.56792
10.97709
Total release
0
0.96416
2008-09
1.85999
3.2106
2009-10
VI Year : 1.123,
0.41015
1.81963
2010-11
Expenditure
1.00064
2.34805
2011-12
3.33935
0
3.33935
4.0542
1.9044
2.1498
0
2.2317
2.11375
0.57149
0.99912
2.61439
0.96742
0
0.35172
9.9008
2.68054
0
2.68054
1.0453
0.40951
0.9
0.61384
5.56728
0.69328
0
0
4.874
0.5393
0
0.5393
3.94487
0
0
0
0
0
2.1877
0
2.1877
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13.9895 93.54541 103.8075 64.78946 55.51086 24.86225 44.62933
0
5.57951
67.8716 72.68447 49.98897 48.79044 18.72968 44.62933
6.49032 21.28916 26.65932 11.21994
0
0
1.34098
0.82041
2.46469
2.92652
2.77011
-0.0483
-0.91047
3.44018
-4.84609
0
-8.31807
2.05224
1.0956
0.95664
401.1343
0
0
6.91352
0.55672
0.86528
7.62225
1.50298
71.22602 -9.72398
2.65982
4.84609
4.37794
59.34217
12.80109
1.9044
10.89669
310.19367 -11.5404
229.59544 -13.35174
62.09445
6.61622
11.88756
Total
Balance
2013-14 expenditure
54.2989 35.53756 28.76499 17.16992 33.65861
5.14934 16.94371 22.47432
0
0
0
7.49918
6.11264 54.05282
0.22075
0.5186
2012-13
VII Year : 24.36884
0.62654 12.85462 13.31498 12.22163 16.67676
0.66
0.1
2007-08
V Year : 49.37353,
0.86528
1.915
37.3
1
5
3
28.3
0
0
0
11.915
10.425
0.49
0.5
0.5
2008-09
III Year : 18.09949, IV Year : 72.08201,
: Rs 457.41544 lakh
: September 2007
: September 2007 to 31st March 2014
Bank interest (2013-14)
457.41544
12.71959
D. Institutional Charges
Bank interest
20.58685
94.05739
4.84609
(9) Work / New / Renovation
Sub- Total of C (7-10)
5.16194
(8) Furniture
(10)Others/ Books
63.46251
15.99098
4.0364
(7) Equipment
C. Non - Recurring
Sub- Total of B (5-6)
(6) Consultancy
(c) Training for farmers
(5) Training
11.95458
334.64748
Sub- Total of A (1-4)
B. HRD Component
80.97553
234.59778
(4) Operational Cost
6.92855
(3) Contractual Staff
12.14562
(2) Workshop
Total
allocation 2007-08
: 401.1343 lakh
(1 ) TA
A. Recurring Contingencies
Sanctioned Heads
Expenditure Head-wise :
Total expenditure
Sanctioned
Date of Commencement of Sub-project
Duration
Funds Received in each year(Rs. In lakh)
I Year : 50.4065,
II Year : 186.23765,
Total amount received : 401.69102 lakh
(Period from 2007 to2014)
STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE
Part-III - Budget & Utilization
54
50000
20000
70000
-
285000
50000
20000
355000
610000
12750
(D)Institutional Charges*
Grand Total (A+B+C+D) 52.77249
622750 @2231380
101780
50000
-
2.71725
-
-
2008-09
93158
247050
1680000
2020208
50000
Total
Allocation 2007-08
25000
35000
195000
255000
-
Item
(A) A. Recurring contingencies
1 TA
298676
2 Workshops
-0.0
3 Contractual Services 1348639
4 Operational Costs
2455856
Sub-total of A (1-4)
41.03171
(B) HRD Component
5 Training
3.27336
Consultancy Training
6
organized for farmer
Sub-total of B (5-6)
3.27336
(C.) Non-recurring
7 Equipment
3.84102
8 Furniture
91688
9 Works
10 Others (Books)
99227
Sub-total C (7-10)
5750170
Total (A+B+C)
-
No.
@ Actual released
-
-
-
100000
-
*100000
-
2009-10
2011-12
802411
3928
20000
20000
-
50000
-
127364
26620
20000
20000
-
25000
(-) 25000
100000
73741
352000
342000
430000 (-) 359997
872000
55744
50000
50000
2010-11
Fund Released
212083
(-) 898
(-) 8312
(-)9210
(-)12356
(-)200
25000
-
11731
50749
146369
208849
25000
2012-13
4787740
382948
-
19800
691752
153232
-
84238
49163
-
-
18158
26450
185108
229716
-
2007-08
-
-
100000
-
100000
1664
316024
254264
2013-14
Total
released
1009788
94675
200000
42525
19831
262525
-
-
-
50000
29942
177440
363651
2008-09
1409550
99800
99864
20000
119836
-
-
-
27336
52306
171338
938934
2009-10
555975
-
19972
-
-
-
50000
21435
213803
251069
2010-11
Expenditure
Sanctioned
: Rs 52.77249 lakh
: September 2007
Duration
Funds Received in each year (Rs in lakh)
I Year : 6.22750,
II Year : 22.31380,
III Year : 1.00,
IV year : 8.02411,
V Year : 1.27364,
VI Year : 2.12083,
Total expenditure
: 43.87562 lakh
* 100000 received under Equipment for PI NAIP BAU construction of drip irrigation
** Misc. receipt Rs. 417/- 200 credited by bank.
401740
-
19668
-
-
-
50000
26837
219608
85539
2011-12
227752
10800
19756
-
-
-
-
1664
86024
129264
2012-13
399809
19000
-
-
-
-
1171
303600
76038
2013-14
VII Year : 6.91752
4387562
-
Total Expenditure
ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region Research Centre, Namkum, Ranchi
(Period from 2007 to 2014)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
400178
- 417**
=
400595
Balance
Item
55
13.40311
4 Operational costs - Consumables
1.39585
42.57044
41.17459
D Institutional Charges*
Total(A+B+C)
2.94313
0.00000
1.09961
9 Works (new/renovation)
10 Others (Journals/Books, Animal etc)
Sub-total of C (7-10)
0.00000
0.99612
3.17750
0.07750
3.10000
1.5500
0.20000
0.5000
0.84740
0.85000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
1.55000
0.95000
0.35000
0.0000
0.25000
8 Furniture
2.88763
0.0
2.88763
Fund Released
7.38485
0.20000
0.20000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.48763
0.00000
0.48763
6.69722
3.50756
2.18979
0.00000
0.99987
8.47726
7.22720
0.36780 -0.15765
8.10946
0.70000
0.20000
0.00000
0.50000
0.00000
0.50000
0.00000
0.50000
6.90946
3.60853
2.30593
0.00000
0.99500
7.39916
0.29280
7.10636
0.30000
0.30000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.50000
0.00000
0.50000
6.30636
2.29262
3.01600
0.00000
0.99774
0.45000
0.00000
0.45000
2.54607
0.99440
0.59100
0.00000
0.96067
0.00000
5.80462
0.26990
5.53472
3.17888
0.18968
2.98920
0.20000 -0.00687
0.20000 -0.00039
0.00000
0.00000 -0.00388
0.00000 -0.00260
0.50000
0.00000
0.50000
4.83472
1.05000
2.78827
0.00000
0.99645
0.00000
5.75587
2.94313
1.09961
0.00000
0.99612
0.84740
2.72859
0.00000
2.72859
1.28003
4.73593 40.00055
0.24000
4.49593 38.72052
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.29096
0.00000
0.29096
4.20497 33.04880
0.48141 12.88452
3.16742 14.40841
0.00000
0.55614
released
Total
Expenditure
VI Year : 3.17888,
VII Year : 4.73593
2.63819
0.00000
2.63819
1.53305
0.20000
0.00000
0.48565
0.84740
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
1.10514
0.75853
0.09993
0.00000
0.24668
8.24532
0.10000
8.14532
0.71047
0.20000
0.00000
0.51047
0.00000
0.48763
0.00000
0.48763
6.94722
3.75756
2.18979
0.00000
0.99987
7.79555
0.32819
7.46736
0.20000
0.20000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.50000
0.00000
0.50000
6.76736
3.54262
2.22700
0.00000
0.99774
7.14217
0.27916
6.86301
0.20000
0.20000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.50000
0.00000
0.50000
6.16301
2.37829
2.78827
0.00000
0.99645
5.90339
0.14100
5.76239
0.29961
0.29961
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.50000
0.00000
0.50000
4.96278
0.96611
3.03600
0.00000
0.96067
1.94593
0.15000
1.79593
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.29096
0.00000
0.29096
1.50497
0.48141
0.46742
0.00000
0.55614
5.17108
0.27484
4.89624
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.23900
0.00000
0.23900
4.65724
0.67115
3.08422
0.00000
0.90187
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14
V Year : 5.80462,
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14
7 Equipment
C Non-recurring
Sub-total of B (5-6)
6 Consultancy
5 Training
B HRD Component
35.34383
15.74099
3 Contractual Services (RAs / SRFs)
Sub–total of A (1-4)
0.00000
6.19973
allocation
2 Workshops
1 TA
A A. Recurring contingencies
No.
Total
Total expenditure
: 38.84163 lakh
IV Year : 7.39916,
Duration
Funds Received in each year (Rs. in lakh)
I Year : 3.1775,
II Year : 8.47726,
III Year : 7.22720,
: Rs 42.57044 lakh
: September 2007
Sanctioned
Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station, Hazaribagh
(Period from 2007 to 2014)
38.84163
1.27319
37.56844
2.94313
1.09961
0.00000
0.99612
0.84740
2.51759
0.00000
2.51759
32.10772
12.55567
13.89263
0.00000
5.65942
nditure
Total Expe-
1.15892
0.00684
1.15208
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.21100
0.00000
0.21100
0.94108
0.32885
0.51578
0.00000
0.09645
Balance
A. Recurring Contingencies
(1 ) TA
(2)Workshop
(3) Contractual Staff
(4) Operational Cost
Sub- Total of A (1-4)
B. HRD Component
(5)Training
(a) International Training
(b) National Training
(c) Training organized for farmers
(6)Consultancy
Sub- Total of B (5-6)
C. Non - Recurring
(7)Equipment
(8)Furniture
(9) Work / New / Renovation
(10) Others/ Books
Sub- Total of C (7-10)
D. Institutional Charges
Refunded to ICAR
Total (A+B+C+D) + Refund
Sanctioned Heads
Expenditure Head-wise:
Total expenditure
56
2.85000
8.00000
0.50000
0.50000
0.00000
0.00000
0.20000
0.20000
3.55000 8.70000
0.07125 0.45530
5.04625 18.76130
10.8500
1.0000
0.0000
1.0000
12.8500
1.5194
47.6214
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.50000
0.00000
0.50000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
2.0000
0.0000
2.0000
1.00000
0.00000
2.55600
5.55000
9.10600
2008-09
0.25000
0.00000
0.35000
0.82500
1.42500
2007-08
4.5000
0.0000
12.6520
14.1000
31.2520
Funds
allocated
: 33.46816 lakh
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.0000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
2009-10
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
-0.20000
-0.20000
-0.76165
3.86789
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.50000
0.00000
0.50000
0.26766
0.00000
3.42000
0.64188
4.32954
2010-11
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.20000
0.20000
0.27350
5.69085
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.28525
0.00000
0.28525
0.46210
0.00000
3.42000
1.05000
4.93210
2011-12
Funds released
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.85062
0.00000
0.85062
0.31784
0.00000
3.25809
4.49019
8.06612
2013-14
10.83831
0.92702
0.00000
0.00000
11.76533
0.45680
47.86758
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
2.13587
0.00000
2.13587
2.14842
0.00000
14.80409
16.55707
33.50958
Total
released
V Year : 5.69085,
-1.08622
1.07453
-0.07298
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
-0.40000
0.00000
-1.55920 1.07453
0.27660 0.14180
4.36822 10.13307
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
-0.14918
0.00000
1.80000
4.00000
5.65082
2012-13
IV Year : 3.86789,
Duration
Funds Received in each year(Rs. In lakh)
I Year : 5.04625,
II Year : 18.76130,
III Year : 0.0,
: Rs. 47.6214 lakh
: September 2007
Sanctioned
0.14990
0.41327
0.00000
0.00000
0.56317
0.00000
0.83819
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.27502
0.27502
2007-08
2.01388
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
2.01388
0.01430
7.46278
0.47595
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.47595
0.25699
0.00000
1.86235
2.83931
4.95865
2008-09
0.00000
0.51375
0.00000
0.00000
0.51375
0.00000
6.64727
7.6000
14.24727
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.20935
0.00000
0.20935
0.32067
0.00000
2.29500
3.30850
5.92417
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
4.67754
0.0000
4.67754
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.09995
0.00000
0.09995
0.40210
0.00000
2.50374
1.67175
4.57759
2010-11
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
5.06598
1.0745
6.14051
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.35062
0.00000
0.35062
0.35082
0.00000
3.40700
0.95754
4.71536
2011-12
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
4.20879
0.0000
4.20879
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.06784
0.00000
1.13600
3.00495
4.20879
2012-13
VII Year : 10.13307
Expenditure incurred
2009-10
VI Year : 4.36822,
Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums, Namkum, Ranchi
(Period from 2007 to2014)
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
4.56761
5.72489
10.2925
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.61060
0.00000
0.61060
0.11505
0.00000
2.75360
1.08836
3.95701
2013-14
2.16378
0.92702
0.00000
0.00000
3.09080
0.01430
33.46816
14.39942
47.86758
0.47595
0.00000
0.00000
1.27052
0.00000
1.74647
1.51347
0.00000
13.95769
13.14543
28.61659
2007-14
Total Expend
Part-iv : declaration
57
ANNEXURE-1
Economics of Goat Rearing
Sl. No.
Item
Quantity
I.
Non Recurring expenditure
a.
Cost of female goat (10 kg)
3 goats
b.
Buck provided on community basis
c.
Housing as per existing renovation
d.
Total
II.
Recurring expenditure 1st & 2nd year
a.
100gm concentrate/kid/day up to 180 days (9 kids)
62kg/
b.
100 gm concentrate/day 365 days (Female)
73 kg
c.
Medicine + Vaccination
d.
Total Total expenditure of 1st & 2nd year (Recurring)
III Income: 1st year
a.
Sell of goats after 10 months
9
IV. Income: 2nd year
a.
Sell of kids after 10 months
7
(2 female goat will be kept for breeding purpose)
b.
Sell of old female goats
2
c.
Total
V.
Net Income(IV –II) in two years
Rate (Rs.) Amount (Rs.)
1500/goat
4500.00
500.00
4500.00
20/kg
20/kg
3240.00
1460.00
200.00
4900.00
9800.00
1500/-
13500.00
1500/-
10500.0
1000/-
2000.00
26000.00
16200.00
Economics of Backyard Poultry Rearing (ten birds unit) (Breed: Grampriya)
Sl. No.
Item
Quantity Rate (Rs.) Amount (Rs.)
I
Male:
a.
Cost of birds (8 weeks)
2
100/bird
200.00
b.
Rearing cost of birds from 9 wks to 12 wks (Backyard farming)
10/bird
20.00
c.
Total
220.00
II
Output profit:
a.
Sale of male birds 72 wks , 1.2 kg body wt
2
150/kg
360.00
b.
Income
140.00
III Female
a.
Cost of birds (8wks)
8
100/bird
800.00
b.
Cost of rearing from 9 to 72 wks (Backyard farming)
50/bird
400.00
c.
Total
1200.00
IV
Output profit:
a.
Sale of eggs 150 eggs/bird upto 72 wks of age
1200 eggs
4/egg
4800.00
b.
Sale of culled bird 2 kg bwt
8
100/bird
800.00
c.
Total
5600.00
V
Net Profit (IV -III )
4400.00
VI
Net Income (II+V)/year
4540.00
Economics of Backyard Poultry Rearing (ten birds unit)
(Breed: Vanraja)
Sl. No.
I
a.
b.
c.
Item
Male:
Cost of birds (8 weeks)
Rearing cost of birds from 9 wks to 12 wks (Backyard farming)
Total
58
Quantity
2
100/bird
10/bird
200.00
20.00
220.00
Sl. No.
II
a.
b.
III
a.
b.
c.
IV
a.
b.
c.
V
VI
Item
Output profit:
Sale of male birds 72 weeks, 2-2.5 kg bwt.
Income
Female
Cost of birds (8wks)
Cost of rearing from 9 to 72 wks
Total
Output profit:
Sale of eggs 100 eggs/bird upto 72 wks of age
Sale of culled bird 2.5 kg bwt
Total
Net Profit (IV -III )
Net Income (II+V)/year
Quantity
2
150/kg
600.00
380.00
8
100/bird
50/bird
800.00
400.00
1200.00
800 eggs
8
4/egg
100/kg
3200.00
2000.00
5200.00
4000.00
4380.00
Economics of Pig Rearing (2 females+1 male)
(Breed: T x D)
Sl. No.
I.
a.
b.
c.
II.
a.
b.
a.
b.
c.
d.
III.
a.
IV.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
V.
a.
VI.
a.
Item
Non Recurring expenditure
Cost of 2 females + 1 male
Renovation of existing house
Total
Recurring expenditure
Cost of kitchen waste (1050kg/pig/yr)
Medicine & Vaccination
Quantity
1st year
2nd year
Cost of kitchen waste (3285kg/pig for 3 pigs)
Medicine
Cost of Medicine & Vaccination of piglets
Total
Profit
2 months piglets (10kg/piglets)
Net income
3rd year
Cost of kitchen waste for parents (3285 kg/pig/yr)
Cost of medicine for adult pigs
Cost of feed in two years kitchen waste (12 kg/piglet)
28 piglets
Cost of medicine & Vaccination
Total
Profit
2 months piglets (10kg/piglets)
From 3 years onwards upto 5 years
Net Income
59
3
1500
4500.00
2000.00
6500.00
3150 kg
3 pigs
1/ kg
100/pig
3150.00
300.00
9855 kg
28 piglets
1/ kg
100/pig
50/piglet
9855.00
300.00
1400.00
15005.00
28 piglets
1500/piglet
3 pigs
3 pigs
336 kg
1/kg
100/pig
1/kg
9855.00
300.00
336.00
28 piglets
50/piglet
1400.00
11891.00
28 piglets
1500/piglet
42000.00
42000.00
26995.00 (in 2 yrs)
13498.00/yr
30109.00
Annual net income (Marginal Farmers)
Land holding size 0.5 ha (0.25 ha upland, 0.15 ha medium land, 0.10 ha low land)
Situation A: land use pattern of 0.5 ha
Crop
Kharif:
Maize + Pigeon Pea
intercropping
Rice(HYV)
Rabi :
Gram (Rainfed) (Medium
land)
Total
Area
(ha)
A
0.25
Cost of
Production (Rs)
D
3500.00
Net income
(Rs)
E
5800.00
0.25
B
4.5q (M)
1.75q (PP)
8.5q
Gross Return
(Rs)
C
4050+5250 =
9300.00
8500.00
3000.00
5500.00
0.125
1.75 q
4025.00
1375.00
2650.00
Production (q)
13950.00
Situation B: land use pattern of 0.5 ha
Area
Crop
Yield (q)
(ha)
Maize
0.125
2.0
Pigeon pea
0.125
0.9
Rice (Med & low)
0.25
4.0
Total
Gross Return
(Rs)
1800.00
2700.00
4000.00
Cost of
Cultivation (Rs)
1050.00
750.00
2100.00
Net Income
(Rs)
750.00
1950.00
1900.00
4600.00
Annual net income (Small farmers)
Land holding size : 1.0 ha (0. 5 ha Upland,0.3 ha Medium land and 0.2 ha Low land)
Situation A: land use pattern of 1.0 ha Crop
Kharif:
Maize
Maize + pigeon pea
intercropping
Rice (HYV) Hybrid
Rabi:
Mustard (irrigated)
Gram (irrigated)
Total
Area
(ha)
A
0.25
0.25
Production (q)
0.3
0.2
B
7.5
4.5 (M) 1.75
(PP)
10.5
11.0
0.1
0.1
1.2
1.5
Gross Return
(Rs)
C
6750.00
9300.00
Cost of
production (Rs)
D
3500.00
3500.00
Net income
(Rs)
E=(C-D)
3250.00
5800.00
10,500.00
11,000.00
3600.00
3200.00
6900.00
7800.00
2520.00
3450.00
1000.00
1100.00
1520.00
2350.00
27620.00
Situation B: land use pattern of 1.0 ha
Crop
Kharif:
Maize
Pigeon pea
Rice (Med & low)
Rabi:
Mustard (irrigated)
Total
Area
(ha)
Yield (q)
Gross Return
Cost of
(Rs)
Cultivation (Rs)
0.2
0.2
0.5
3.4
1.5
8.0
3060.00
4500.00
8000.00
1700.00
1200.00
4200.00
1360.00
3300.00
2000.00
0.1
0.56
1180.00
600.00
580.00
7240.00
60
Net Income
(Rs)
ANNEXURE-2
Plate - 1
Village Activity Map of the Project before and after NAIP
Village : Gajanda, Block : Jama, District : Dumka
(Mayurakhi Sub catchment)
61
Plate - 2
Village : Palasi, Block : Jama, District : Dumka
(Brahmani Sub catchment)
62
Plate - 3
Village : Rupaidih, Block : Jamtara, District : Jamtara
(Barakar sub catchment)
LEGEND
Upland
Medium Land
Low Land
Houses
River
Road
Ditch
Well
Pond
road
Before NAIP
Drainage
P
Pig (P=10 pigs)
G
Goat (G= 50 Goats)
F
Poultry (F=100 Poutry)
D
Duck (D=20 Ducks)
W
Wheat (W=0.4 ha)
M
Mustard (M=0.2 ha)
Gr
Gram (Gr=0.2 ha)
After NAIP
63
Plate - 4
Village : Madnadih, Block : Narayanpur, District : Jamtara
(Barakar Sub catchment)
LEGEND
Upland
Medium Land
Low Land
Houses
River
Road
Ditch
Before NAIP
Well
Pond
road
Drainage
G
F
Goat (G= 50 Goats)
D
W
M
Duck (D=20 Ducks)
V
Vegetable (V= 0.03 ha)
Wheat (W=0.4 ha)
Mustard (M= 0.2 ha)
After NAIP
64
Plate - 5
Village : Manjhladih, Block : Narayanpur, District : Jamtara
LEGEND
Upland
Medium Land
Low Land
Houses
Road
Before NAIP
Ditch
Well
Pond
road
Drainage
P
Pig (P=10 pigs)
G
Goat (G= 50 Goats)
F
D
Duck (D=20 Ducks)
W
Wheat (W=0.4 ha)
M
Mustard (M=0.2 ha)
V
Vegetable (V= 0.03 ha)
After NAIP
65
Plate - 6
Village: Andipur, Block:Dumka, District:Dumka
Village : Andipur, Block : Dumka, District : Dumka
(Mayurakshi
(Mayurakshisub
Subcatchment)
catchment)
Before NAIP
After NAIP
66
Plate - 7
Village : Guhiyajori, Block : Dumka, District : Dumka
(Mayurakshi Sub catchment)
Before NAIP
After NAIP
67
Plate - 8
Village : Rampur, Block : Narayanpur, District : Jamtara
68
ANNEXURE-3
Impact Assessment Conducted by Xavier Institute of Social Service, Ranchi,
February 2011
Executive Summary
1. The Present Study
At the request of Birsa Agricultural University, Xavier Institute of Social Service (XISS) has undertaken
the present comprehensive study entitled “National Agricultural Innovation Project on Developing
Sustainable Farming System Models for Prioritized Micro watersheds in Rainfed Areas in Jharkhand
in Dumka and Jamtara District”. The Birsa Agricultural University has been working on the National
Agricultural Innovation Project on Developing Sustainable Farming System Model.
Mid-term evalution was conducted by Xavier Institute of Social Service, Ranchi in order to assess the work
perform by BAU and its consortia partners in providing the output and its outcome and the impact on the
number of targeted people and further to provide with suggestion so as to bridge the gap.
2. Disclaimer
Although this report was prepared under the funding of BAU, but BAU bears no responsibility for, nor is in
anyway committed to, the views and recommendations expressed herein.
3. Area Covered
Survey was conducted in two districts namely Dumka and Jamtara. Two Blocks were selected in each district where
the project has been implemented. In Dumka district five villages each where selected from two blocks viz. Dumka
and Jama. In Jamtara, six villages were selected from Jamtara block and five villages from Narayanpur block.
4. Scope of Work
The study has broadly analyzed the following aspects of the project:
(i) Review and analyze the performance of various activities including training of the scheme vis-à-vis its
objectives.
(ii) Review and identify the constraints/gaps in impending project implementation and attainment of the
stated goals and providing recommendations/suggestions for overcoming these constraints.
(iii)Review and analyze the status of Self Help Groups and suggest strategies to ensure the sustainability.
Further more the study keeping in mind above mentioned study objectives assessed the project
performance on the following areas:
a) To assess the change in knowledge, attitude, skills and aptitude labels of smalls and marginal forms in
relation to objectives and output envisaged under this scheme.
b) To assess the social impact of the project in terms of social mobilization, solidarity, mutual health, group
activity as economy benefit.
c) To assess the incensement of employment days, income enhancement and production enhancement.
d) To assess pre and post project group in various livelihood sector.
e) To assess the SHGs activities and its sustainability.
f) To extent to which the trained farmers have been actually benefited & the kind of impact the scheme
activities\intervention had on the lives of farmers.
g) To assess the farmer’s satisfaction about the watershed in rain fed farming areas.
69
5. Methodology
A. Methods: Survey has employed multi pronged methods to collect and collate various streams of data.
In the nutshell these were as follows:
I. Projects beneficiaries/household profile through structured questionnaires– The detailed socioeconomic features households and livelihood based skill of members of household of selected
villages was collected.
II. Social Inventory and village profile– for our evaluation process, enlistment of the existing village
resources and people dependency on these resources was done.
III.Assessment of Self Help Groups through Focus Groups Discussion was carried out
IV.Analysis – Quantitative data was analyzed with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS). Quantitative was collected content wise.
B. Sample Size: This study was taken up or the selected beneficiaries from all villages under the National
Agricultural Innovation Project on “Developing Sustainable Farming System Models for Prioritized
Micro Watersheds in Rainfed Areas in Jharkhand”. Details of the sample size are as follows;
a. All 5 villages each from Dumka and Jama block from Dumka districts which were under the
NAIP were studied to cover all the implemented project components. 51 households were selected
randomly and studied through a structured questionnaire. Besides household survey, 20 Focused
Group Discussions were also conducted in these villages.
b. In Jamtara district all 6 villages from Jamtara block under NAIP and all 5 villages under NAIP from
Narayanpur block were selected to cover all the implemented project components. 36 households
Jamtara block and 33 households from Narayanpur blocks were randomly chosen for the study. 22
FGDs were conducted in these villages, 11 for women and 11 for men’s group.
6. Findings
A. Community mobilization through SHGs
The project began with the community mobilization activity. Community mobilization was done by
forming Self Help Groups in each selected village which were later on adopted by the project. In this
chapter, we have analyzed functioning of SHGs and their relevance in the project implementation process.
1. At least one SHG was formed in each adopted villages.Women SHGs were also promoted by NAIP.
2. Age of SHGs: Nearly 69% SHGs were 1 year old followed by 11% SHGs of 3 years old, 9% SHG
of 4 years old. Remaining 19% SHGs were 5 and above years old.
3. Composition of SHGs: Nearly 60% members were ST followed by OBC 34%. Very few SC and
general caste household took the SHG membership.
4. Membership size and attendance in the SHGs: On and average SHGs had 15 members and 65%
of them regularly attend the SHG meetings. Average attendance of members in SHG meetings was
higher in Dumka district compared to Jamtara district.
5. Type of agencies assisting the SHGs: It was found that nearly 174% SHGs were assisted by NGOs
and 83% were assisted by the Government Department.
6. Frequency of SHGs’ meetings: In Jamtara SHG meetings are held once in a month. In Jama
block SHG meetings are held fortnightly. However, in Dumka block nearly 55% SHGs had weekly
meetings, 36% had monthly meetings and remaining 9% had fortnightly meetings.
7. Status of framing of rules by SHG: 51% SHGs had framed there own rule according to their
wisdom and 49% were guided by the assisting agencies in framing their rules.
8. Status of rule abidance by SHG members: It was found that nearly 43% SHGs members abide
by the rules and in 9% SHGs members do not abide by the rules. However, in nearly 49% SHGs
member’s responses were conspicuous by their silence.
70
9. Maintenance of registers/records by the SHGs office bearers: It was found attendance registered
were maintained properly in all SHGs but savings registered are maintained in 97.1% SHGs and
individual pass book in 60% SHGs. Very few SHGs maintained loan register (8.6%), ledger book
(5.7%) and cash register (11.4%). These are a grey area of SHGs functioning which needs to be
improved and regularized.
10.Topics or issues discussed in the SHGs meetings: The topics or the issues discussed among
the 35 SHG weekly meetings indicates that 22.9% (8) had no discussions at all, 20.0% (7) SHGs
discussed about agriculture and horticulture, 14.3% (5) SHGs discussed about agriculture and animal
husbandry, 8.6% (3) SHGs discussed about agriculture, 5.7% (2) SHGs discussed about collection
of money followed by 2.9% (1) SHGs discussed about agriculture, animal husbandry, anti-alcohol,
education, health, horticulture, goatry, furthermore duckery, plantation, veterinary, cash collection,
handloom making, self-employment and poultry respectively.
11.Decision making mechanism in the SHG meetings: The way of decision making on any issues in
the SHG meetings was found that 40% (14) SHGs were based on decision as per the suggestion of
experts, followed by 34.3% (12) SHGs by decision of the majority, 20% (7) SHGs by the decision of
the office bearers, and lastly 5.7% (2) SHGs by the decision of the majority and as per the suggestion
of the experts respectively.
12.Information sharing process among SHG members regarding collection of cash and other
transactions: No uniform information sharing process was observed among studied SHGs. Only around
17% SHGs showed the pass book and cash book to the members and 14% SHGs show the actual cash to
the members. Very few (less than 3%) SHGs shared register and other documents with the members. This
showed a gross transparency in the SHGs which may paralyze the SHGs in the long run.
13.Bank accounts: Out of 35 SHGs, 31 SHGs have bank account, one has applied for and three SHGs
have no bank accounts.
14.Handling of SHG savings: In 48.6% SHGs savings are handled by the treasurer, followed by 25%
each SHGs where savings are handled by the president or secretary. In Dumka district, in majority
of SHGs savings are handled by either president or secretary but in Jamtara district in 2/3 SHGs
savings are managed by the treasurer.
15.Total number of members enrolled and members save regularly in SHGs: Out of 524 enrolled
members, 506(93.7%) members save regularly with SHGs. While all members of Dumka district
save regularly, only 95.1% members from Jamtara block save money regularly.
16.Interval of savings of SHGs’ members: Members make small regular savings contributions
overtime until there is enough capital in the group to begin lending to the needy members. However,
these regular intervals differs across SHGs. Out of the 35 SHGs under study, members made regular
contributions at a monthly interval, while in three of them it was on a weekly basis, and in one it was
done at a fortnightly interval.
17.Regular savings amount of SHGs members: Amongst the 35 studied SHGs, it was seen that in 15
of them members made regular savings of Rs. 20, Rs. 10 in 7 SHGs, Rs. 30 in 5 SHGs, Rs. 50 in 3
SHGs etc. We can see from the table below that, whereas in Dumka no SHG members deposit more
than Rs. 20, in Narayanpur there are two SHGs in which the members deposit Rs. 50 regularly.
18.Total savings as on the date of survey: Out of the total 35 SHGs, only one is having a total savings
exceeding Rs. 10000, 6 have a total savings in the range of 7500 to 10000, eight have in between 50007500, and ten each are having total savings in the range of 2500-5000 and 1000-2500 respectively.
19.Total credit given, credit recovered and interest earned by SHGs as on the date of survey:
Out of four block cluster, SHGs from Jama and Jamtara block cluster have not done any credit
disbursement, SHGs of Dumka block disbursed Rs. 75,300/- as credit, whereas recovered only
71
Rs. 51,500 with an interest amount of Rs. 1505/- only. Similarly, SHGs of Narayanpur block Rs.
25,000/- as credit, whereas recovered only Rs. 20,000/- with an interest amount of Rs. 960/- only.
Recovery rate was found to be in Dumka block than Narayanpur block.
20.Saved money invested by members of SHGs in non-farming activities: The SHGs have also
invested some of their savings in non farming activities. However this exercise was limited to the
SHGs in Dumka alone. Here too such investments were limited only to these SHGs. One SHG each
invested Rs. 250, 2000, 300 for such activities.
21.Purpose of loan received from Bank/Govt./other organization: Three (3) SHGs from Dumka
block received loan from bank for goatry and poultry and one (1) SHG from Narayanpur received
loan for household consumption purpose.
22.Amount refunded against loan to bank: In Dumka block, one SHG each refunded Rs. 20,000/-,
Rs. 21,500/- and Rs. 25,000/- respectively to the bank. SHG from Narayanpur block has refunded
only Rs. 2000/-.
23.Outstanding amount with the bank: In Dumka block among three SHG who took bank loan, one
has loan outstanding Rs. 3,500/-, another Rs. 5,000/-, and third one has no loan outstanding. SHG
from Narayanpur block has Rs. 23,000/- loan standing.
24.Working pattern of women SHGs: Women SHGs has observed to work on ad hoc basis without
strategic decisions. This has been the weakness of women SHGs in all block. Nearly 51% women
SHG have not made any norms and rules for SHG functioning.
25.Consultation process in women SHGs: Nearly 45% women SHGs did not consult the members for
taking any decisions and in another 43% SHGs members were only informed about the decisions but
were not consulted ever. In barely 11% women SHGs, members were consulted before taking a decision.
26.Functions of women SHGs: women SHGs helped, in the implementation of NAIP activities and
scheme, fund management and resolving conflicts, observing social religious functions and festivals
and raising voices for developmental activities. By and large women SHGs did not play active role
in above mentioned activities except helping in NAIP schemes.
B. Benefits flow to beneficiaries
Key findings of benefit flow towards beneficiaries can be summed up as follows:
Socio-economic profile of respondents
1. Out of 120 respondents sampled from among beneficiary households showed that only 38% (45
respondents) were from BPL households.
2. 87% respondents were males and 13% were female.
3. 78% (94) belonged to joint families.
4. 71% (85) respondents were Scheduled Tribes.
5. 59% (71) respondents were the follower of Sarna religion.
6. 68% of the respondents were head of the household and the rest 33% were family members.
7. 75% (90) respondents had marginal land holdings i.e. <1 acre.
8. 57% (68) respondents were cultivators followed by 28.3% (34) cultivator cum casual laborers.
Among remaining 15% respondents, on and average less than 5% respondents were engaged in
other type’s occupations.
9. Number of earning members per respondents varied from 1 to 10.35% (42) and 30.8% (37)
respondent’s households had only one and two earning members respectively.
10.The dependents members per respondent’s household varied from 1 to 19. Average number of
dependent members per household was 5.83≈6.
72
Assistance given by NAIP
11.Average assistance given in the form of seeds to the beneficiary respondents’ varied from 9.309 kg
for wheat to 0.250 kg for soybean. Seed assistance was given for paddy, wheat, maize, pigeon pea,
mustard, gram, soybean and peas.
12.The beneficiaries were even given vegetable seeds viz. cow pea, bean, bitter gourd, brinjal, cabbage,
chilli, cucumber, ginger, lady’s finger, parwal (pointed gourd), pumpkin, radish, broad bean (sem)
and tomato. The average value of assistance varied from Rs. 366.67 for parwal to Rs. 12 for chilli.
13.Under the horticulture scheme saplings of fruit trees given from banana, guava, litchi, mango, papaya.
The average assistance received by the beneficiary varied from 32.71 units of guava to 3 units for litchi.
The average value of the respective assistance is Rs. 222.86 for guava and Rs. 36 for litchi.
14.Under NAIP, fertilizer assistance was given in the form of DAP, Urea, Compost, Murate of Potash,
and Calcium. The average amount of assistance varied from 56.75 kg to 18.63 kg. The average value
of the assistance varied from Rs. 330 to Rs. 142.96.
15.NAIP assistance also included Brood lac, ducklings, chicks, fingerlings, improved compost pit,
green house. The average value of assistance provided was Rs. 373.75 for lac, Rs. 450.69 for goats,
Rs. 983.3 for pigs, Rs. 1065.42 for ducklings, Rs. 814.55 for chicks, Rs. 210.43 for fingerlings,
Rs. 4,908.95 for improved compost pit and Rs. 15,000 for green house.
16.The group sets were given to 17 individuals and 4 farmer’s groups. Value of assistance was
Rs. 19000 per Pump-set.
Economic gains through the utilization of assistance
17.Utilization of NAIP has accrued following average monetary gain Rs. 944.23 from wheat
Rs. 666.67 from gram, Rs. 440.20 from maize, 144.80 from mustard, Rs. 457.00 from mustard+maize,
Rs. 1046.30 from paddy, Rs. 1600.00 from paddy+maize, Rs. 4850 from wheat+gram and Rs. 1200
from wheat+mustard combination. Therefore it was found that crop mix has yield more monetary
gain than mono crop.
18.We find that average economic gain in terms of by- product of cereal after project assistance was
varied from 10.32q from paddy to 0.23q from gram. Highest by 10.32q in paddy and lowest by 0.23
in gram. The value of by- products varied from Rs. 300 from wheat to 52.50 from mustard.
19.The average employment opportunities in main days before project assistance varied from 60 days
in paddy to 14.94 days in pigeon pea. This has been enhanced after NAIP assistance due to growth
in agriculture and now it varies from 65 days in paddy to 20.33 days for pulses.
20.In the case of the average economic gains in terms of production of vegetables varied from 340q for
brinjal, cow pea to 0.03q for sem. Highest market value obtained was Rs. 2600 from lady’s finger
and lowest was obtained Rs. 40 from bean.
21.The highest average employment opportunities at pre project period were 27.5 days and the same
has increased to 40 days after NAIP project implementation. Similarly, lowest average employment
opportunities at pre project period were 9 days which has increased to 9.56 days after NAIP
implementation.
7. Observation and Recommendations
a. Monsoon in 2009 was untimely and insufficient. Distribution of wheat and vegetable seeds during 2009
rabi season was a great help for farmers in the area to fight food shortages in the village.
b. Pump set distribution in village
It was seen that for one or two tolas one diesel pump set was provided for irrigation on turn by turn basis.
73
• One pump can hardly irrigate 8 to 10 farmers in one season,
• Maintenance was not done properly,
• Honestly circulations among the farmer were not done,
• It was generally circulated among the friends or relative of one or two tolas,
• Once it was damaged no one came forward to repair it. If somehow any farmer repaired it, he refused
to give it to other for irrigations,
• In majority cases, pump set were captured by one who repaired it,
• People’s contribution system was a big failure because the supervision and follow up from the side
of project holder was in sufficient.
c. Lac cultivation: Introduction of lac cultivation gave good profit to the farmers who adopted it. Very
few farmers took up lac cultivation as seed were not available sufficiently. Only 1 or 2 farmers were
trained for lac cultivation from each tola. Farmer who did not undergo training also did lac cultivation
and earned profit. There is lot of demand among the farmers for lac seed.
d. Goat distribution:
• She goats were distributed in each tola. It has given good result for those farmers who took care
(timely medicine and proper food).
• 40% farmers complained that goats died due to fever, diarrhea and cough and cold. Medical help
was not provided in time by the project staff. Initially medical support was good but after 6 months
slowly the help slowed down.
• Death rate of He Goat was high in all the villages about 50% of the He Goat died due to lack of
proper food and medical care. Housing arrangements were also not proper or as per the guide line of
the project experts.
• In spite of high death rate of the He Goat indigenous variety goats had produced good variety of
off- springs. Farmers were very much satisfied about it.
e.Orchard:
• Orchards were good and satisfactory in almost all the villages we visited. Death rates were minimum
15 to 20%. JALKUND method of preserving water for irrigation proved to be very affective. Irrigation
with the help of earthen pot/pitch was found very much suitable as it saved water loss. Fencing was
somehow OK (bamboo fencing) and the farmers worked hard and maintained it to their best.
• Theft of the plants were reported almost everywhere.
• Theft of pots were reported
• Theft of plastic of JALKUND was reported.
•
Ring wells constructed in the orchard for irrigation (4 ft diameter.) were not fully successful. As all
these ring wells in upland (Tanr) did not fetch sufficient water.
f. Green House at Rai Toli:
• In charge was Mr. Bhim Rai.
• He worked hard and his efforts are helping the other farmers in villages.
• This green house has produced Papaya, Karaila, chilly, Eucalyptus, Sagwan, Gamhar etc. and has
been sold in the village and nearby village market. Mr. Bhim reported that last year he had sold
saplings worth Rs. 2000/-.
74
• Mr. Bhim told us that coco-feed and organic manure were not supplied by in the project in time. If
the things are available the green house activities would increase. He further informed that cocofeed are not available in the open market.
g. Seed:
• Wheat and paddy seeds provided by the project were very good and its yield was more than
expectations.
• Seeds of Arhar supplied were of long duration so its yield was not good. Farmers reported that in
their area short duration arhar is suitable.
• Maize: The growth of the plant was very good, the farmers expected a bumper crop, but about 3540% farmers reported that it did not fruit at all.
• Karaila: Germination was poor 40%.
• Bhindi: Germination was poor 50%.
• Seeds of Gram, Kohra, Brinjal, Tomato, Seem, Pumpkin, Marua, Kulthi, Parwal, Jhinga, Chily were
very good and gave good yield.
• Farmers reported that small amount of seeds were provided from the project. Seed supply needs to
be adequate and to be increase appropriately.
h. Birds, Pigs, Fish
• Red chicks RK Mission variety were given.
• Gave good result as long as feed was provided by the project.
• After the feed finished the birds stopped laying eggs and even died.
• Farmers reported that birds died due to Ranikhet (Tunki) disease, but the survey team felt that the
major reason of death was poor nutrition.
• About 15-20% farmers (rich) took care properly and production was satisfactory.
i. Pig rearing:
• Death rate 25-30%.
• As long as project provided feed animals growth was satisfactory and death rate was nil.
• As soon as the feed supply stopped animals started dying.
• Farmers complained that medical assistance was not provided.
j. Fish: Fish production was satisfactory.
• No complain.
• All fish were harvested after winter.
• New ponds gave less production.
• Old ponds gave better production.
k.Duck:
• Good result
• Death rate was negligible.
• Other problem: Theft, attack by dog (It occured in the evening when ducks returns from pond or
water place.)
• Egg layers were found to be more profitable for the beneficiaries.
75
l. Vermi compost:
• Pits made but earthworms were not supplied (Training organized for farmers).
m. Improved manure pits:
• 25-30% farmer were trained and managed the pit better than others.
• Farmers to farmer dissemination were largely absent.
• More than (50% pits) farmer did not cover the pit with roof.
n. Pond (Large):
• Ponds were dug: But in most of the cases the selection of site was not proper.
• Ponds in tanr- 50%.
• Ponds in don- 50%.
• Ponds dug in the Don (Low land) had water even during summer.
• Ponds dug in tanr dried up during winter (December).
o. Individual Orchard:
• Mango and Guava saplings were mostly distributed.
• Saplings provided to the individual did not show expected result. Most of them neglected it. Hardly
10-20% survival was seen in the village.
p.Mushroom:
• The survey team visited 3 mushroom centers during the survey. Production of two centers was
satisfactory. The third center complained about irregular spawn availability.
• Spawn supply need to be regularized.
q. Dobha (Small Pond) Construction:
• Dobha/ditch/dari construction with the help of machine was very much accepted in the village as it
was dug in only two days. With the help of each dobha 10 farmers cultivated wheat and vegetable in
Rahi village.
• Dobha dug in low land were turned out be more useful throughout the year.
• Dobha dug in Chowra land or upland dried up after winter.
r. Ring well:
• Ring well- 4 ft diameter for orchard was not successful as it was dug in tanr (upland).
s.OVERALL
• There was lack of trained field staff.
• The field staff moved in cycle and could not cover the villages which were situated far off. Transport
facilities for staff needs to be improved.
• Visits of officer/ experts need to be increased and to be made more frequently.
• Management information system at Head Quarter in Ranchi, as well as in district and villages need
to strengthened. This needs to up graded thoroughly.
76
ANNEXURE-4
Farmers’ feedback
1- ,u-,-vkbZ-ih- esjs xk¡o esa ojnku cudj vk;k ftlesa oSKkfud rjhds ls [ksrh djus dk izf'k{k.k fn;k x;k lkFk gh Vhx Mh- uLy ds lwdj fn;s x;sA tgk¡ ns'kh lwdj dk otu lky Hkj esa 30&35 fdyksxkz e gksrk Fkk] Vh- x Mh- uLy dk
lwdj 85&90 fdyksxkz e rd gks tkrk gS ftlls vPNk equkQk fey jgk gSA
ckcwtu lksjsu] xzke% dksnks[khpk] nqedk
2- igys dsoy [ksrh esa gkFk c¡Vkrh Fkh ysfdu ,u-,-vkbZ-ih- ifj;kstuk ls tqM+us ds ckn e'k:e mRiknu] ykg
mRiknu 'kq: fd;k vkSj /kku ds mRiknu esa Hkh o`f) gqbZA
ckgkequh gk¡lnk] xzke% lkxcsgjh] nqedk
3- xk¡o esa ifj;kstuk 'kq: gksus ds ckn cgqr dqN lh[kus dks feyk ftlesa e'k:e mRiknu esa izf'k{k.k eq[; gSA
efgyk Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ls tqM+dj e'k:e mRiknu 'kq: fd;k ftlls vPNh vkenuh gks jgh gSA iSlk efgyk
lewg ds cpr [kkrk esa tek dj jgs gSaA
eq[kh gsEcze] xzke% ft;kFkj] nqedk
4- eSa ,u-,-vkbZ-ih- ifj;kstuk ls cgqr ykHkkfUor gqvk gw¡A muds }kjk crk;s x;s fof/k ls [ksrh dj jgk gw¡A ykHk
Hkh fey jgk gSA esjk fopkj gS fd le;≤ ij bl rjg dk dk;ZØe vkrk jgsA
eksrhyky ckLdh] xzke% xqfg;ktksjh] nqedk
5- ifj;kstuk us eq>s lwdj ikyu ds fy, izfs jr fd;k ftls eSa vkt Hkh dj jgk gwA¡ esjh lykuk vkenuh dkQh vPNh gS vkSj
cPps Hkh vc vPNs Ldwy esa i<+ jgs gSAa vc etnwjh ds fy, ckgj Hkh ugha tkuk iM+rk gSA
eksgu eksgyh] xzke% vUnhiqj] nqedk
6- iwoZ esa [ksrh iqjkuh jhfr ls djrk Fkk] ?kj dk cht gh cksrk Fkk ftlls mRiknu de gksrk Fkk tks lky Hkj Hkh
ugha pyrk FkkA ,u-,-vkbZ-ih- ls tqM+us ds ckn [ksrh ds u, rjhds viuk;k] mUur cht feyk ftlls iSnkokj
vPNh gqbZA vc lky Hkj dk vukt fey tkrk gSA
f'kys'k ckLdh] xzke% xqfg;ktksjh] nqedk
7- Jh fof/k ls [ksrh fd;k ftlls mRiknu esa Ms<+ xq.kk o`f) gqbAZ vkt lkyksa Hkj [kkus ds fy, vukt gks tkrk gSA
Lkkjtsu ckLdh] xzke% xqfg;ktksjh] nqedk
8- geyksxksa dks ifj;kstuk dh rjQ ls tks cdjh feyh mldk otu ns'kh cdjh ds eqdkcys vf/kd gS ,oa mlls
izkIr cPpksa dh c<+r Hkh de le; esa vPNh gSA
larks"k fdLdw] xzke% dksnks[khpk] nqedk
9- ,u-,-vkbZ-ih- ifj;kstuk }kjk rkykc fuekZ.k ls eNyh ikyu ds lkFk&lkFk T;knk tehu esa [ksrh dj ik jgs gSaA
ikWyhVusy ls ekSle iwoZ lCth fey tkrh gS ftlls vPNk equkQk fey tkrk gSA
x.ks'k ejkaMh] eqfLye Vksyk] tkerkM+k
10-Jh fof/k }kjk /kku dh [ksrh ds rjhds crk;s x;s rFkk Ñf"k ;a=ksa esa iEilsV] fQaxj ohMj] dqnky vkfn ds feyus
ls dkQh lqfo/kk feyh ftlls vPNk ykHk feykA
gj izlkn eqewZ] cM+k ea>ykMhg] tkerkM+k
Ranchi, Jharkhand
1427/06/2014 l www.kailashpaper.org

National Agricultural Innovation Project

Transcription

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