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Jugs over Italy 1180 US WWII FIGHTER 1:48 SCALE PLASTIC KIT intro In June 1940, the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) issued a requirement for a new light fighter design. Among those manufaturers to respond was the Republic Aviation Corporation of Farmingdale, New York. This company was a successor to the Seversky Aircraft Corporation. Republic´s chief designer, Alexander Kartveli, born in Georgia in the Soviet Union, moved to the States, as did his former chief, Alexander Seversky. One of Kartveli´s designs was the P-35 fighter, accepted and used by the USAAC, and other countries. In 1939, Republic signed a contract to manufacture another fighter, the P-43 Lancer. The performance of the P-43 was not good enough to compare with contemporary European fighters, notably the Bf 109E and Spitfire. In the meantime, Kartveli finished the design of a brand new fighter under the company designation AP-10. It was powered by the Allison V-1710 inline engine. The USAAC gave it the designation XP-47 and XP-47A, but due to poor performance, no further development was planned. This led Kartveli to install the most powerful engine available at the time, the Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp. He designed an efficient supercharging duct system using an innovative method. He designed the supercharging system first, and then built up the fuselage around it. The XP-47B prototype was significantly bigger than all fighters built up to that time. Twice as heavy as contemporary fighters, its powerful engine nevertheless enabled the aircraft to reach a speed of 633 km/h shortly after its maiden flight on May 6, 1941. The total of 171 P-47Bs was built, the first example leaving the production line in March 1942. The first frontline unit to accept the fighter, the 59th Fighter Group, obtained their aircraft no sooner than June. The new fighter was christened the 'Thunderbolt'. The P-47C was produced from September 1942. A total of 602 examples were manufactured and had a slightly longer nose and an underbelly external fuel tank could be installed. The latter change permitted units based in England to fly deeper into occupied Europe. The P-47D was similar to its predecessor, but many changes were introduced on the production line. The D-15 was the first Thunderbolt with underwing pylons. As such, two bombs could be added to the eight 0.50 guns, improving the combat value of the aircraft. The most obvious change was related to the canopy and rear fuselage. From Block D-25, the old canopy was replaced with a new bubble all-round vision type, with a corresponding cut down of the rear fuselage decking. The older Thunderbolts are known as Razorbacks and the newer types as Bubbletop. The Thunderbolt´s performance increased with more powerful versions of the engine installed and with the use of advanced propellers. The final versions was equipped with a dorsal fin to improve stability. The final D version was the D-40. A total of 12,062 P-47Ds were built, making it the most produced American fighter. The production of the 'hot rod' P-47M with airbrakes in the wings followed. But only 130 P-47Ms was manufactured, all of them delivered to the 56th Fighter Group. The last version that entered series production was the P-47N. A new wing with a bigger wingspan and redesigned wingtips was used. The P-47Ns were exclusively used in the Pacific Theatre of Operations and served as a long range escort fighter to protect B-29 Superfortresses on their routes from the Marianas to Japan. Plans to fly them in Europe were halted by the final defeat of Nazi Germany. Two U.S. Air Forces flew P-47s in the Italian sky during WW2 - 12th Air Force and 15th Air Force. The first combat deployment of 12th AF was the Operation Torch, the landing in North Africa that was launched on November 8, 1943. In the same month 15th AF was established. The sole Fighter Group – 325th FG – was active with 15th AF. More groups – 27th, 57th, 79th, 86th, 324th and 350th FGs – were operated by 12th AF. Thunderbolts flown by all these units supported troops during their advance to the north. They were present over the beaches during landings in Sicily that was launched on July 9, 1943 (Operation Husky). The landings in Italy (Operation Baytown / Avalanche) was launched on September 3, 1943), followed by the landings in Anzio on January 22, 1944 (Operation Shingle). The Allied forces proceeded further north towards the Nazi Germany, the landings in south France followed on August 15, 1944 (Operation Dragoon). All the Fighter Groups mentioned above gradually converted to P-47. The first group that went over from older fighters to P-47 was 325th FG in September / October, 1943 and the last one was 350th FG in August, 1944. úvodem V červnu 1940 zadalo United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) požadavky na konstrukci nového lehkého stíhacího letounu. Mezi příjemci specifikací byla také společnost Republic Aviation Corporation sídlící ve Farmingdale ve státě New York. Firma byla faktickým pokračovatelem společnosti Seversky Aircraft Corporation. Hlavní konstruktér Republicu, původem Gruzínec Alexander Kartveli, jenž pocházel stejně jako dřívější šéf společnosti Alexander Seversky, ze zemí Sovětského svazu, již dříve zkonstruoval letoun P-35. V roce 1939 získal Republic též kontrakt na omezenou výrobu dalšího stíhacího typu, P-43 Lancer. Tento stroj však nedosahoval kvalit jeho evropských konkurentů, zejména pak Bf 109E a Spitfiru. Mezitím již Kartveli zkonstruoval novou stíhačku pod továrním označením AP-10. Poháněl ji řadový motor Allison V-1710. Tento typ USAAC označilo XP-47, resp. XP-47A, avšak pro nedostatečné výkony byl odmítnut. Kartveli se tedy rozhodl použít tehdy nejvýkonnější motor Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp. K efektivnímu využití výkonu vymyslel dobře fungující systém využívající výfukových plynů pro přeplňování motoru. Nejprve zkonstruoval tento systém a až poté okolo něj trup letounu. Prototyp stíhačky XP-47B byl znatelně větší než všechny dosud používané stíhačky. Přestože byl dvakrát těžší, než jeho souputníci, výkonný motor mu již krátce po zalétání, které proběhlo 6. května 1941, umožnil dosáhnout maximální rychlosti 663 km/h. První z celkem 171 P-47B opustil montážní závod společnosti Republic v březnu 1942, ale 59th Fighter Group dostala první exempláře až v červnu. Nový stroj obdržel bojové jméno Thunderbolt. Počínaje zářím 1942 začala výroba verze P-47C. Postaveno bylo 602 kusů a od P-47B se lišil mírně prodlouženou přídí a možností nést přídavnou palivovou nádrž. Druhá jmenovaná úprava umožnila létat hlouběji nad okupovanou Evropu. Verze P-47D se od svého předchůdce příliš neodlišovala. V průběhu její výroby však došlo k mnoha změnám v konstrukci. Od bloku D-15 přibyly na křídlo dva závěsníky pro pumy a doplnily tak palebnou sílu osmi půlpalcových kulometů. Nejviditelnější byla úprava tvaru překrytu kabiny a hřbetu trupu. Od výrobního bloku P-47D-25 byl snížen trup za kokpitem a kokpit dostal kapkovitý překryt. Starší stroje se nazývaly Razorback, novější pak Bubbletop. Výkony letounů se postupně zvyšovaly, došlo k zástavbám výkonnějších verzí motoru, osazovaly se modernější vrtule. Poslední výrobní bloky také dostaly hřbetní kýlovou plochu, která pomáhala řešit problémy se stabilitou. Produkce verze D se zastavila s výrobním blokem D-40-RA. Montážní linky opustilo celkem 12 062 P-47D. Tím se stala nejpočetnější verzí amerického stíhacího letounu, který byl kdy vyroben. Následovala výroba vysoce výkonné verze P-47M s aerodynamickými brzdami v křídle, ale nakonec vzniklo pouze 130 kusů dodaných výhradně k 56th Fighter Group. Poslední sériově vyráběnou verzí byla P-47N. Letoun dostal překonstruované křídlo se zvětšeným rozpětím a od P-47D se dosti lišil. Letouny této verze byly dodávány výhradně na pacifické bojiště, kde sloužily zejména jako dálkový doprovod pro bombardéry B-29 Superfortress mířící nad cíle v Japonsku. Plány vyzbrojit „eNky“ také evropské jednotky ukončila bezpodmínečná kapitulace Německa. Na italském nebi se proháněly Thunderbolty z jednotek zařazených do 12. a 15. letecké armády. První uvedená letecká armáda zahájila své bojové tažení podporou invaze do severní Afriky, jež byla spuštěna 8. listopadu 1943. Týž měsíc byla ustavena 15. letecká armáda. Zatímco v rámci 15th AF působila s P-47 pouze 325th FG, u 12th AF top byly 27th, 57th, 79th, 86th, 324th a 350th FG. Letouny těchto Fighter Group zejména podporovaly postup pozemních jednotek tak, jak postupovaly z Afriky směrem na sever. Účastnily se tak vylodění na Sicílii, které započalo 9. července 1943 (operace Husky). Následovalo vylodění v Itálii (operace Baytown / Avalanche odstartovaná 3. září 1943), výsadek u Anzia (operace Single, začátek 22. ledna 1944) a vylodění na jihu Francie (operace Dragoon, začátek 15. srpna 1944). Jednotlivé Fighter Group přezbrojovaly na P-47 postupně. Jako první je dostala 325th FG v průběhu září a října 1943, jako poslední 350th FG v srpnu 1944. 1180 - NAV1 ATTENTION UPOZORNĚNÍ INSTRUCTION SIGNS OPTIONAL VOLBA BEND OHNOUT ACHTUNG INSTR. SYMBOLY INSTRUKTION SINNBILDEN SYMETRICAL ASSEMBLY SYMETRICKÁ MONTÁŽ OPEN HOLE VYVRTAT OTVOR PARTS ATTENTION DÍLY REMOVE ODŘÍZNOUT TEILE SYMBOLES REVERSE SIDE OTOČIT APPLY EDUARD MASK AND PAINT POUŽÍT EDUARD MASK NABARVIT PIECES PLASTIC PARTS D> 2 pcs. C> E> F> eduard PE - PHOTO ETCHED DETAIL PARTS G> RP - RESIN PARTS R1 2 pcs. R2 2 pcs. R4 R5 4 pcs. 4 pcs. R3 R6 R10 R7 R8 R13 R14 COLOURS BARVY R20 R18 Mr.COLOR C72 INTERMEDIATE BLUE MC214 DARK IRON YELLOW H 77 C137 TIRE BLACK MC218 ALUMINIUM C5 BLUE H 90 C47 CLEAR RED Mr.COLOR SUPER METALLIC Mr.COLOR H4 C4 H5 R21 PEINTURE H 56 AQUEOUS R12 R19 R17 FARBEN R11 AQUEOUS GSi Creos (GUNZE) 2 R16 2 pcs. R15 R9 Mr.METAL COLOR H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK H 92 C49 CLEAR ORANGE H 13 C3 RED H 94 C138 CLEAR GREEN H 27 C44 TAN H 316 C316 WHITE H 52 C38 OLIVE DRAB C351 ZINC CHROMATE H 53 C13 NEUTRAL GRAY C352 CHROMATE YELLOW SM01 SUPER FINE SILVER A B PE2 H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK PE3 PE6 PE6 RP19 C351 ZINC CHROMATE RP13 PE1 PE15 H 12 C33 PE20 FLAT BLACK C351 2 pcs. PE6 ZINC CHROMATE RP10 H 12 C33 PE27 A FLAT BLACK RP9 C351 ZINC CHROMATE C351 ZINC CHROMATE PE4 RP13 C351 B RP18 ZINC CHROMATE PE5 C PE18 D PE16 H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK PE8 RP20 PE16 PE19 RP15 PE24 RP16 PE13 C351 ZINC CHROMATE PE17 PE11 PE25 PE12 PE7 RP16 RP12 H 52 C12 OLIVE DRAB C351 ZINC CHROMATE H 12 C33 H 13 C3 FLAT BLACK RED RP21 D C351 ZINC CHROMATE PE21 H 12 C33 C351 ZINC CHROMATE FLAT BLACK PE28 RP7 MC218 ALUMINIUM MC218 ALUMINIUM PE26 RP17 C 3 E RP11 RP11 H 12 C33 H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK FLAT BLACK PE14 RP8 H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK RP14 C351 ZINC CHROMATE PE9 PE10 F1 E F2 F1 F2 MC214 DARK IRON PE41 MC218 ALUMINIUM H 52 C12 PE48 OLIVE DRAB PE43 PE46 PE47 RP19 PE33 PE37 F1, F2 PE44 PE34 4 PE36 PE40 F G C19 C18 C3 C4 H J F8 F7 C352 C352 CHROMATE YELLOW CHROMATE YELLOW G2 G1 E3 MC214 MC214 DARK IRON DARK IRON C13 C14 H 92 C49 H 94 C138 MC218 MC218 ALUMINIUM ALUMINIUM CLEAR GREEN CLEAR ORANGE H 90 C47 E2 3 pcs. CLEAR RED G3 G4 C352 C352 CHROMATE YELLOW CHROMATE YELLOW F C31 closed H open G D10 E8 H 94 C138 CLEAR GREEN open D10 closed H MC214 DARK IRON F5 D24 D28 J D25 J MC214 SM01 DARK IRON D24 D25 D28 SUPER FINE SILVER F6 C33 C33 E9 H 90 C47 CLEAR RED 5 R 2 pcs. H 77 C137 PE31 TIRE BLACK RP1 MC218 ALUMINIUM PE45 RP2 C23 C23 F14 MC218 ALUMINIUM C352 F16 CHROMATE YELLOW R C22 L F15 D27 2 pcs. D9 MC218 ALUMINIUM PE31 PE45 L C352 CHROMATE YELLOW F13 MC218 C22 C352 CHROMATE YELLOW C9 MC218 ALUMINIUM H 77 C137 TIRE BLACK PE30 PE29 C30 MC218 ALUMINIUM MC218 ALUMINIUM 6 PE23 ALUMINIUM MC218 ALUMINIUM H 12 C33 PE35 FLAT BLACK H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK C28 C28 MC218 ALUMINIUM C27 PE35 C27 H 56 C72 H 27 C44 INTERMEDIATE BLUE TAN C25 MC218 ALUMINIUM MC218 ALUMINIUM F1, F2 MC218 ALUMINIUM C24 PE32b PE32a C8 K F11 - MARKINGS DO NOT GLUE! NELEPIT RP4 - MARKING RP5 - MARKINGS RP6 RP3 B,C,D E A,F 4 pcs. RP5 H 12 C33 MC218 ALUMINIUM FLAT BLACK RP4 4 pcs. 7 E4 PE22 E5 H 52 C12 OLIVE DRAB C1 K F11 M 2 pcs. D23 N D23 O 4 pcs. 2 pcs. MC218 ALUMINIUM H 52 C12 D19 D16 OLIVE DRAB C16 D20 C15 MC218 ALUMINIUM D17 D15 C11 D18 C12 P 2 pcs. S Q MC218 ALUMINIUM MC218 D3 ALUMINIUM 2 pcs. F9 MC218 ALUMINIUM D5 MC218 MC218 ALUMINIUM D6 F10 D4 ALUMINIUM MC218 ALUMINIUM T 2 pcs. PE38 plastic PE42 D8 D7 plastic PE49 8 PE39 Q M 1000lb bomb N 150 gal tank O 75 gal tank P 200 gal tank Q 108 gal tank S 500lb bomb T eduard 2 pcs. RP1+ RP2 C30 E5 C30 RP1+ RP2 2 pcs. RP11 E4 E2 3 pcs. E3 9 A P-47D, 86th FS, 79th FG, Fano Air Field, Italy, February, 1945 A picture of this P-47D was taken at Fano Air Feld in February 1945 with bazookas and 110 l napalm tanks attached to the wings and pylons. This air field situated near the Adriatic Sea enabled the group to perform flights over the sea to support Soviet infantry units fighting in Yugoslavia. Fano became 79th FG´s home in december 1944 and group personel rest here till second half of April, 1945. The blue tail with yellow lightnings was the marking of 79th FG. The aircraft flown by 86th FS wore numbers from 70 to 69. The squadron badge was painted on the left side of the cowling. ČESKOU VERZI TEXTU NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com/s/1180 39 51 34 H52 38 36 H5 5 6+7 63 SM01 H12 33 H13 3 H4 4 SM01 H13 3 1 SM01 1 H13 3 35 40 H5 5 4+5 H52 38 63 SM01 SILVER 10 SM01 YELLOW H4 4 RED H13 3 BLUE H5 5 H52 OLIVE DRAB 38 BLACK H12 33 eduard B P-47D-25, flown by Capt. Edward F. Jones, 64th FS, 57th FG, Grosseto AB, Italy, Early 1945 Edward Jones christened his Jug after his high school girlfriend 'Jake'. He joined the 64th Fighter Squadron in the late summer of 1944 and completed 76 combat missions by the end of WWII. The scorpion painted in black on the cowling has its roots in the name of the squadron – 'The Black Scorpions'. The squadron aircraft were numbered from 10 to 39. The yellow stripes on the wings and tail were typical for P-47Ds flown by the 57th Fighter Group. ČESKOU VERZI TEXTU NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com/s/1180 17 3 H13 3 H52 38 20 8 18 30b ?+30a SM01 14 16 H53 13 H4 4 H12 33 H13 3 H4 4 12 H13 3 1 11 H53 13 H52 38 10 1 H13 3 9 13 17 3 14 15 H52 38 SM01 H53 13 SILVER SM01 YELLOW H4 4 RED H13 3 NEUTRAL GRAY H53 13 19 H13 3 H4 4 H52 OLIVE DRAB 38 BLACK H12 33 eduard 11 C P-47D-25, 527th FS, 86th FG, Pisa Air Base, Italy, 1945 This Jug, christened 'Big Red´s Old Crow' was photographed at Pisa Air Field. The 86th Fighter Group used this air field as its homebase from October 26, 1944 to February 21, 1945 when it moved to France. The red and white stripes on the tail were typical for the Group´s aircraft, the 527th FS aircraft were numbered from 70 to 99. Note the small bombs – the mission marks - painted along the left side of the fuselage. The red patch on the left side of the fuselage is likely a repair patch. ČESKOU VERZI TEXTU NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com/s/1180 H316 316 25 H13 3 29 H13 3 H52 38 22 31 32 23 33 3 26 24 SM01 H12 33 H13 3 H4 4 SM01 H13 3 21 1 21 SM01 1 H316 316 38 H13 3 H316 316 37 H316 316 3 27 H52 38 23 H13 3 28 H13 3 SM01 SILVER 12 SM01 WHITE H316 316 YELLOW H4 4 RED H13 3 H52 OLIVE DRAB 38 BLACK H12 33 eduard P-47D-27RE, s/n 42-26960, flown by Lt. Sylvester 'Bud' Hendricks, 65th FS, 57th FG, Grosseto Air Base, Italy, D Fall 1944 / 1945 The 65th Fighter Squadron was given the name 'Fighting Cocks' as can be seen from the unit badge painted on both sides of the cowling. The squadron aircraft wore the numbers from 49 to 69. As well as other 57th Fighter Group Thunderbolts, Hendricks' aircraft had yellow bands painted on the wings and tail. Note three names in total on the fuselage – 'Blanche III', 'Wally' and 'The Ox Cart'. Grosseto Air Base was situated 100 miles north of Rome and the 57th FG was based there from September 1944 till the end of the war. ČESKOU VERZI TEXTU NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com/s/1180 69 H13 3 H52 38 65 50 70 47 49 41 3 68 H4 4 SM01 H12 33 H4 4 44 SM01 67 1 67 43 SM01 42 1 45 69 3 46 47 48 SM01 SILVER SM01 YELLOW H4 4 RED H13 3 H52 OLIVE DRAB 38 H52 38 66 H13 3 H4 4 BLACK H12 33 eduard 13 E P-47D-27RE, s/n 42-27277, 315th FS, 324th FG, Early 1945 Thunderbolt s/n 42-27277 was flown by 314th Fighter Squadron with the name 'Amy Lou' on the cowling. The aircraft belly landed in January, 1945 and was handed over to the 315th FS in January-February. The next emergency landing came on March 21, 1945 when the propeller was hit by AA fire. 1stLt. Richard G. Keene was forced to land in a field with the undercarriage retracted. The red marking was typical for the 315th Fighter Squadron. The name 'Miss Ann' is confirmed by photos on the left side of the cowling. The appearance of the right side is not known. ČESKOU VERZI TEXTU NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com/s/1180 2 H13 3 H52 38 71 52 57 58 6+7 59 SM01 H12 33 H13 3 H4 4 SM01 H13 3 1 SM01 1 H13 3 2 4+5 62 58 56 H52 38 ? 71 H13 3 SM01 SILVER 14 SM01 YELLOW H4 4 RED H13 3 H52 OLIVE DRAB 38 BLACK H12 33 eduard F P-47D-27RE, s/n 42-27277, 314th FS, 324th FG, Dole, France, winter 1944 / 1945 One of the air units that flew Thunderbolts in the Mediterranean Theatre of Operations was the 324th Fighter Group. It switched from P-40s to P-47s while based at Corsica. Afterwards, in August, 1944, the group landed in France. The aircraft depicted served with two squadrons of the 324th FG. With the 314th FS first and with the 315th FS later on. Capt. Harry A. Chance experienced a belly landing near Luneville on January 9, 1945 while flying this aircraft. The aircraft was flown by the 314th FS. The photo of the crashed aircraft shows the name 'Amy Lou' on the right cowling. The yellow marking symbolized the aircraft used by the 314th Fighter Squadron. The dark shade of the right elevator can be seen in the photo – probably the camouflaged replacement part. ČESKOU VERZI TEXTU NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com/s/1180 2 H52 38 ? 64 52 55 54 6+7 61 SM01 H12 33 H53 13 H4 4 H4 4 SM01 H4 4 1 SM01 H52 38 1 H4 4 2 60 4+5 53 54 H52 38 64 SM01 SILVER SM01 YELLOW H4 4 NEUTRAL GRAY H53 13 H52 OLIVE DRAB 38 BLACK H12 33 eduard 15 Jugs over Italy STENCIL VARIANTS S8 S9 S53 S40 S10 S10 S11 S70 S44 S59 S41 S60 S31 S12 S52 ? S32 S48 ? S47 ? S46 ? S45 S37 S38 S28 S49 S65 S27 S57 S6 S43 S56 S26 S62 S38 OUTSIDE ONLY S36 S2 S23 S69 S58 S43 S4 S1 S20 S5 S57 S3 S65 S70 S49 S25 S16 S61 S24 S56 S22 S57 S21 S64 S57 S16 S55 S20 S23 S26 S54 S68 S70 S67 S63 S66 S13 S39 S10 S15 S50 S14 S70 S44 S42 S52 S7 S33 S51 S17 S18 S8 S19 ? S34 S29 S35 S52 ? S30 eduard 16 © EDUARD M.A., 2013 www.eduard.com Printed in Czech Republic
