Medieval Castle III_Materialien2

Materialien für den bilingualen Sachfachunterricht
GESCHICHTE auf Englisch
Jgst. 7
Life in a Medieval Castle
M 2.1 Arbeitsblatt (Teil 1): Timeline
Lords of Skipton
King
Robert de Romilly (10561096)
∞ Muriel (1060-?)
William I (1066-1087)
“the Conqueror”
Cecily de Romilly (1095 1152)
∞ William de Meschin, Lord
of Copeland
∞ Henry de Tracy †1165
Alice de Romilly † 1187
∞ William, son of Duncan II
King of Scotland † 1153
∞ Alexander (1155) † 1178
Cecily de Romilly † 1189
∞ William le Gros, Count of
Aumale
Hawise † 1214
∞ William de Mandeville,
Earl of Essex † 1189
∞ William de Forez † 1195
∞ Baldwin de Béthune † 1212
William II (1087-1100)
Henry I (1100-1135)
William de Forez II , Count
of Aumale † 1241
Henry III (1216-1272)
William de Forez III † 1260
∞ Christina de Galloway,
daughter of the Lord of
Galloway(Scotland) † 1246
∞ Isabel, daughter of the Earl
of Devon † 1293
Aveline de Forz, Countess of
Lancaster (1259-1274)
∞ Edmund Earl of Lancaster
(1245-1296), youngest son of
Henry III
Edward I (1272-1307)
Events
Battle of Hastings
1066
Norman Conquest
Stephen (1135-1154)
History of
Skipton Castle
1086 “Scipton”
mentioned in the
Domesday Book;
Wooden castle
Possible storming
of Skipton by the
Scots 1138
Founding of Bolton
Priory (1155), land
given by Alice de
Romilly
Henry II (1154-1189)
Richard I (1189-1199)
John (1199-1216)
Signing of Magna
Carta 1215
(limiting the powers
of the King)
Construction of the
Norman gatehouse
in the 1190s
Skipton market
charter granted in
1203
Building of stone
castle in the 1220s
Building of chapel
Scottish Wars of
Independence (12961328/ 1332-1357)
Execution of William
Wallace, leader of the
Scots (1305)
1. Find out where Robert de Romilly came from. Look at the name.
2. Try to explain why William the Conqueror gave him Skipton Castle.
3. Look at the timeline and examine the function of Skipton Castle during the reigns of William II.
and Henry I.
4. Describe what the Romilly family did to stop the attacks. Look at the information about Alice
de Romilly and about Skipton Castle in general.
5. Name all the facts and events that made the Lords of Skipton and Skipton itself more important and
also wealthier.
Materialien für den bilingualen Sachfachunterricht
GESCHICHTE auf Englisch
Jgst. 7
Life in a Medieval Castle
M 2.1 Arbeitsblatt (Teil 2): Timeline
Lords of Skipton
Robert, 1st Lord of Clifford
(1274-1314), Marshall of
England, killed at the Battle
of Bannockburn
∞ Maud de Clare
King
Events
Edward II (13071327)
Battle of
Bannockburn 1314:
Scottish victory
History of
Skipton Castle
Skipton Castle
granted to Robert
de Clifford by
Edward II
Building of outer
gatehouse and
curtain wall
6. Explain why Edward II gave Skipton Castle to Robert de Clifford.
Lords of Skipton
Robert, 4th Lord Clifford (13291345)
killed in France
Thomas, 6th Lord Clifford (13631391)
killed on crusade
John, 7th Lord Clifford (1388-1422)
fought in France, killed in France
Thomas, 8th Lord Clifford
(1414-1455)
killed at Battle of St. Albans
John, 9th Lord Clifford (1435-1461)
called the Butcher because he
killed so many men
killed in battle
Henry, 10th Lord Clifford
(1454-1523)
fought at Flodden
King
Edward III (1327-1377)
Events
Hundred Years’ War (1377-1453):
conflict about the French throne
Richard II (1377-1399)
Henry IV (1399-1413)
Henry V (1413-1422)
Battle of Agincourt: English
victory (1415)
Henry VI (1422-1451)
Beginning of the Wars of the
Roses (1455): dispute about the
English throne between the
Houses of York and Lancaster
Battle of Wakefield (1460)
Edward IV (1461-1483)
Edward V (1483)
Richard III (1483-1485)
Henry VI (1485-1509)
Henry VII (1509-1547)
Battle of Bosworth (1485): victory
of the House of Lancaster
Scottish invasion into Northern
England
Battle of Flodden (1513): bloody
defeat for the Scots
Based on information from http://www.skiptoncastle.co.uk
7. Interpret the timeline. What does it tell you about the profession of the Cliffords? Look at where and
why they died.
Materialien für den bilingualen Sachfachunterricht
GESCHICHTE auf Englisch
Jgst. 7
Life in a Medieval Castle
L 2.1 Lösungsblatt: Timeline
1. Find out where Robert de Romilly came from. Look at the name!
France, probably Normandy
Norman Conquest 1066
2. Try to explain why William the Conqueror gave him Skipton Castle.
William the Conqueror had to secure power and gave land to his knights to defend his realm
to conquer England.
3. Look at the timeline and examine the function of Skipton Castle during the reigns of William II. and
Henry I.
•
•
•
to control the English
to control the North of England
to protect the border against the Scots
4. Describe what the Romilly family did to stop the attacks. Look at the information about Alice de
Romilly and about Skipton Castle in general.
.
• Alice de Romilly married the son of the Scottish king.
• They made the castle stronger by building a gatehouse and a stone castle.
5. Name all the facts and events that made the Lords of Skipton and Skipton itself more important and
also wealthier.
•
•
•
They founded a priory on their land. The Church supported them and helped them. The
monks and priests were educated.
The market charter for Skipton meant that there was trade and income for the people. This
also meant that they could pay taxes to the Lords of Skipton.
They married important noblemen or noblewomen and even married into the royal family
(e.g. Aveline de Forz). This way they could influence on politics.
6. Explain why Edward II. gave Skipton Castle to Robert de Clifford.
He wanted him to defend the country against the Scots (Scottish Wars since 1296). Robert
helped King Edward so as a reward for his loyalty and his services he gave him Skipton
Castle. Robert de Clifford and his men were supposed to control the North of England and
protect the country.
7. Interpret the timeline. What does it tell you about the profession of the Cliffords? Look at where
and why they died.
.
Most of them died in battles or wars. This means they were loyal knights and fought for the English
kings in Scotland and in France. Their job was to fight for the king and the country.
Materialien für den bilingualen Sachfachunterricht
GESCHICHTE auf Englisch
Life in a Medieval Castle
M 2.2 Tafelanschrift: Words and phrases
to conquer
erobern
a conqueror
Eroberer
a conquest
Eroberung
the Norman Conquest
Lord
Annotation: title with various meanings. It can
denote a prince or a feudal superior.
Lord
Count
Annotation: a nobleman in European countries;
The word count comes from French comte.
Graf
Countess
Gräfin
Earl
Annotation: Earl is the Anglo-Saxon form and
jarl the Scandinavian form of a title meaning
"chieftain".
Graf
to found a priory
ein Priorat gründen
to limit the powers of the king
die Macht des Königs beschränken
to grant a market charter
das Marktrecht gewähren
a crusade
Kreuzzug
to win a battle
eine Schlacht gewinnen
a victory
ein Sieg
to lose a battle
eine Schlacht verlieren
a defeat
eine Niederlage
Jgst. 7