The Danish policy on Energy and buildings

Transcription

Fernwärme
DIE KOMFORT-ENERGIE
Minergie schliesst Fernwärme nicht aus
Fernwärme in der künftigen Niedrigenergie Gesellschaft
Jan Eric Thorsen
Director, District Energy Application Centre & HEX Research
Danfoss District Energy
Megatrends und Effizienzfragen
13. Forum vom 29. Januar 2014 in Biel-Bienne
The contents:
1. The Danish policy on energy and buildings
2. A possible scenario to meet the goals of the policy
3. The generations of DH
4. Danish experience on Low Temperature DH
5. Recommendations
2
The Danish policy on Energy and buildings
Danish Energy Plan: *
All buildings and electricity fossil free by 2035
Transport and industry fossil free by 2050
Based on:
- energy savings and
- renewable energy supply
DK Building Code 2020:
Energy frame of 20-25kWh/m2
* http://www.kemin.dk/Documents/Klima- og Energipolitik/our future energy.pdf
3
A scenario to meet the goals
Low energy buildings and Renewable energy supplying systems:
In areas with high building density RE based low temperature
district heating from:
• Solar heating plants with seasonal storage
• Geothermal heating plant
• Sur plus heat from RE-based processes of industry and energy
system (e.g. power production)
In areas with low building density RE based electricity from:
Heat pumps using RE-based electrical energy from
• Wind
• PV
• Hydro
Bio mass is not the long term solution replacing fossil fuels !
4
The Generations of DH
5
The Danish Experience
Period:
1:2007-2008
2:2009-2010 3: 2011-2012
Project:
Supported by the Danish Energy Authority's Energy Research Programme
(EFP2007) “Development and Demonstration of Low-Energy District Heating
for Low-Energy Buildings”, (EUDP2009) ”CO2-reductions in low energy buildings
and communities by implementation of low temperature district heating systems.
Demonstration cases in EnergyFlexHouse and Boligforeningen Ringgården”. And
“Full scale demonstration of LTDH in existing buildings”, (EUPD2011)
Partners:
6
2. Project 2009 – 2010:
The site in Lystrup
41 flats, area of 87m2 and 110 m2
Designed to Low Energy Class I
Area 2
HE
Typically elderly people or young families
are living in the flats
Heating power 2.2 to 2.6 kW
+ 0.2kW due to higher room temperature
(radiators and floor heating in
bathrooms)
DHW power 0.5 (3.5 kW) and 32kW
Area 1
ST
7
7
2. Project 2009 – 2010:
About the DH net layout
HE units
M
pn 10 system
Pflow <= 10 Bar(g)
Preturn = 1.5 Bar(g)
Flow design temp. 50°C (55°C)
max. media speed 2,5 m/s
0.26 kPa/m to 8 kPa/m
Twin pipes series II
M
Pipe dimension:
Alx 14/14-110 to TWS DN50
Total length 766m.
Shunt pump speed controlled
to 30 kPa at critical network point
M
ST units
Alu-Flex 14/14-110
Cyclopentane foam (CP)
λ=0.022 W/mK at 50°C
Aluminium diffusion barrier in outer casing
Aluminium diffusion barrier in media pipe
8
Meter for area (after shunt)
Meter for 11 ST units
Meter for 11 HE units
Individual meter for each consumer
The site in Lystrup, DK
9
The Energy Balance for Lystrup, DK
Delivered energy an DH net:
Yearly energy consumption flats:
DH net energy loss:
Shunt pump energy:
287 MWh/y
238 MWh/y
49 MWh/y
2.5 MWh/y
Extrapolated values outside week 26-47
Main point: 17% distribution energy loss !
In case a ”normal” District Heating net was designed, loss would have been 41%.
(Temp. 80/40, single pipes class 2 DH pipes, leading to 200MWh/y)
In reality the absolute DH net loss is 4 times higher !
10
3. Project 20011 – 2013: Sønderby, DK
Area with 75 single-family houses from 1997-98:
Average heated floor area: ~ 150 m2
District heating consumption:
6-20 MWh/year per house, Floor heating
Existing substations with hot water tank
Old network:
Sub-net owned by the house owners
Connected to utility through heat exchanger
District heating supply temperature: 70-75C
Single street* and service pipes** (Pex)
Large network heat loss (43%)
* λ=0.038 W/mK, without diffusion barrier (measured by DTI)
** λ ~ 0.030-0.032 W/mK, without diffusion barrier (standard technology of that time
11
3. Project 20011 – 2013: Sønderby
Sønderby, Høje Taastrup, Denmark
New pipe network, twin pipes, series 2 & 3, λ = 0.022-0.023 W/(mK)
75 low temperature house substations installed in single-family houses
New 3-pipe supply connection demonstrated:
80% heat supply to the Sønderby network comes from main return water!
50-55°C in supply to the network is sufficient
Heat loss in the Sønderby network reduced from 43% to 15% (2012) !
Concept and Guideline
Low temperature concept demonstrated at 3 sites – new and existing houses
Draft guideline available.
12
Examples of products/Solutions
MPHE
13
Recommendations
Energy savings in buildings in combination with
renewable energy supply
replacing fossil fuels
in the optimal and cheapest way by the infrastructures of
Electricity, District Heating and Gas
Where also DH has to develop !
14

The Danish policy on Energy and buildings

Transcription

Similar documents

BK2007 vinder guld 25 års jubilæum