English - UNESCO World Heritage Centre

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World Heritage
23 COM
Distribution limited
WHC-99/CONF.209/14
Paris, 27 October 1999
Original : English/French
UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL
ORGANIZATION
CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL
AND NATURAL HERITAGE
WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE
Twenty-third session
Marrakesh, Morocco
29 November – 4 December 1999
Item 10 of the Provisional Agenda : State of conservation of properties inscribed on the
World Heritage List
SUMMARY
The Bureau during its twenty-third extraordinary session, will be requested to prepare this
agenda item and to examine reports on the state of conservation of properties that are inscribed
on the World Heritage List.
The corresponding Bureau Working Document (WHC-99/CONF.208/5) is attached.
The Bureau’s observations and recommendations will be transmitted to the World Heritage
Committee in the report of the session of the Bureau (WHC-99/CONF.209/6).
INTRODUCTION
1.
This document deals with reactive monitoring as it is defined in the Operational
Guidelines: "The reporting by the Centre, other sectors of UNESCO and the advisory bodies to the
Bureau and the Committee on the state of conservation of specific World Heritage sites that are
under threat". Reactive monitoring is foreseen in the procedures for the eventual deletion of
properties from the World Heritage List (paragraphs 48-56 of the Operational Guidelines) and for
the inclusion of properties in the List of World Heritage in Danger (paragraphs 86-93 of the
Operational Guidelines).
2.
It is recalled that the World Heritage Committee at its nineteenth session discussed its
working methods. At that occasion, the Committee adopted the following text regarding the
examination of the state of conservation reports (Report of the nineteenth session of the World
Heritage Committee, paragraph XVI.6. point 6):
"The aspect of the Committee's work which is expanding most rapidly and can be expected
to continue to increase is the consideration of state of conservation reports. One approach
to streamlining how these reports are dealt with could be for the Committee to consider
only those reports which deal with properties on the List of World Heritage in Danger or
proposed to be added to that List, with written reports on other sites being provided for the
Committee for noting."
3.
In accordance with the above, reports on the state of conservation of properties inscribed
on the List of World Heritage in Danger are directly submitted to the Committee for consideration
(Working Document WHC-99/CONF.209/13).
4.
The Bureau is requested to examine the state of conservation reports on properties
inscribed on the World Heritage List and to consider taking its decisions under the following three
categories:
(a)
The Bureau recommends the Committee to inscribe the property on the List of
World Heritage in Danger;
(b)
The Bureau transmits the state of conservation report to the Committee for action;
(c)
The Bureau transmits the state of conservation report together with its own
observation/recommendation to the Committee for noting.
5.
To facilitate the work of the Bureau, references are made at the beginning of each of the
reports, to relevant sections of previous reports of the twenty-second session of the Committee
and/or the twenty-third session of the Bureau. In addition, each of the reports is accompanied by a
draft decision for examination and adoption by the Bureau.
6.
The present document is also made available to the members of the Committee for
consideration as Working Document WHC-99/CONF.209/14. The observations/
recommendations of the Bureau will be reflected in the report of the Bureau session that will be
transmitted to the Committee as Working Document WHC-99/CONF.209/6.
NATURAL HERITAGE
7.
At its twenty-third ordinary session (5-10 July 1999), the Bureau examined reports on
the state of conservation of twenty-eight natural World Heritage properties and made
observations and recommendations that were transmitted by the Centre to the States Parties
concerned in late July/early August 1999. Since then, no new information has been received
with regard to the organisation of a meeting to promote trans-border co-operation between The
Sundarbans (Bangladesh) and the Sundarbans National Park (India). In the Canadian Rocky
Mountain Parks of Canada, the Bureau was pleased to note positive developments that had led
to the delaying, at least by a year, of the Cheviot Mine Project. Hence, no further consideration
of the state of conservation of the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks is considered necessary at
this session of the Bureau.
8.
Updates on the state of conservation of two properties discussed at the twenty-second
session of the Committee, but not considered by the July 1999 Bureau session, i.e. Dja Faunal
Reserve (Cameroon) and the Sagarmatha National Park (Nepal) are submitted to the twentythird extraordinary session of the Bureau. In addition, new information on the state of
conservation of the following properties, not considered by either the twenty-second session of
the Committee (Kyoto, Japan, 1998) or the July 1999 session of the Bureau are also submitted :
Comoℑ National Park (C⇔te d’Ivoire), Sagarmatha National Park(Nepal), Te Wahipounamu
(New Zealand), Gough Island (United Kingdom) and the Ngorongoro Conservation Area and
the Serengeti National Park (United Republic of Tanzania).
9.
As requested by the twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau in July 1999,
IUCN/WCPA’s Position Statement on Mining and Associated Activities in Relation to
Protected Areas is included as a separate working document WHC-99/CONF.209/7.
World Natural Heritage Properties of Australia
Great Barrier Reef (Australia)
Year of inscription on the World Heritage List: 1981
International assistance: None
Previous deliberations:
Twenty-second session of the Committee – Chapter VII.27 and page 93 of Annex IV.
Twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau – Chapter IV.21.
Information document WHC-99/CONF.209/INF.5
New information: The twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau, in July 1999, requested the
Australian Committee for IUCN (ACIUCN) and the State Party to review the 29
recommendations listed in the March 1999 ACIUCN report “Great Barrier Reef World Heritage
Area: Condition, Management and Threats”. The Bureau also requested the ACIUCN and the
State Party to elaborate a more focused set of recommendations and a detailed plan for their
implementation and monitoring. The Commonwealth Government of Australia in a letter dated 7
October 1999 transmitted a focused set of recommendations, and a detailed plan for their
implementation and monitoring to the Centre and IUCN. These "Focused Recommendations" and
the “Framework for management” of the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area (GBRWHA)
are included in WHC-99/CONF.209/INF.5.
2
IUCN has reviewed both the "Focused Recommendations" and the "Framework for management"
of the GBRWHA. The "Focused Recommendations" have been grouped under five priority action
areas as outlined below:
1.
The Management of Land and Coastal Catchments (Recommendations 10 - 15 in the
ACIUCN Report)
IUCN recommends that governments report on the development and implementation of
strategic plans, and on environmental impact assessment and management initiatives
undertaken, with particular attention to cumulative and interacting impacts, to ensure that
activities including vegetation clearance, drainage and irrigation, urban, agricultural and
pastoral land use, island developments and the disturbance of acid sulphate soils are only
permitted if they do not have ecologically unsustainable impacts on the GBRWHA.
2.
The Management of Fisheries (Recommendations 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 in the ACIUCN
Report)
IUCN recommends that governments give high priority to the development and
implementation of management plans with sustainability indicators for all fisheries in the
Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area. These should address not only the target species
and stock but also bycatch and the condition of the ecosystem upon which the fishery
depends.
3.
The Management of Shipping and Ship Sourced Pollution (Recommendations 20 and 21 in
the ACIUCN Report)
IUCN recommends that further international efforts should be taken to address the risks
posed to the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area by shipping with inadequately trained
ships crews and inadequately maintained vessels.
4.
Representative Marine Protected Areas (Recommendation 27 in the ACIUCN Report)
IUCN recommends as a matter of high priority that the percentage of no-take (IUCN
category 1 and 2) areas within the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area should be
increased to achieve a comprehensive adequate and representative system of protected
areas.
5.
Resources for Research and Management (Recommendations 28 and 29 in the ACIUCN
Report)
IUCN recommends that the State Party provide adequate funding to managing authorities
and other relevant agencies for research and vital management essential for maintenance of
the values of the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area. This should include the
provision to the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority of a core budget from general
revenue sufficient to allow it to meet its World Heritage obligations.
For each of the above five action areas, the "Framework for management" elaborates the
following:
•
a brief background to the recommendation;
3
•
•
•
•
•
•
key issues;
the actions proposed;
an indication of the lead agency (and other agencies involved);
the date when the action is due;
any additional comments; and
main references for further information relating to the recommendation.
IUCN considers the "Framework for management" as proposed by the State Party to be
comprehensive and that it establishes a basis for monitoring the implementation of the "Focused
recommendations". IUCN commends the work undertaken by the State Party in full consultation
with the State Government of Queensland and ACIUCN and other concerned stakeholders and
welcomes this consultative approach. IUCN reiterates its view that catchment issues pose the
most serious threat to the GBRWHA and notes the urgency of the need for effective integrated
catchment management to reduce environmental impact on the World Heritage site. IUCN
however, notes and agrees with the State Party that many of these issues will require social and
economic changes of a scale which will take years to achieve, such as in relation to modification
of land use related impacts and the management of fisheries. This underlines the importance of
developing strategic objectives and actions to ensure the long term protection of the GBRWHA
and establish a plan to monitor their implementation as has been established in the "Framework for
management".
Action required: The Bureau may wish to transmit the above report and the "Focused
recommendations" and "Framework for management" contained in WHC99/CONF.209/INF.5 to the Committee for examination and recommend the following for
adoption:
“The Committee accepts the "Focused recommendations", and the "Framework for
management" of the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area (GBRWHA) as a basis for
monitoring the implementation of those recommendations. The Committee commends the
process and the product arising from the consultative approach used in developing a basis
for monitoring the state of conservation of the GBRWHA and recommends its adoption
for the management of other World Heritage natural properties in Australia. The
Committee invites the State Party to submit progress reports on the implementation of the
"Focused recommendations" to the annual sessions of the Committee for review.”
Shark Bay, Western Australia (Australia)
Twenty-second session of the Committee – page 93 of Annex IV
Twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau – Chapter IV. 22
New information: The Australian Government informed the Centre in a letter dated 14
September 1999 that the consultative process involving the ACIUCN, the State Government of
Western Australia and other stakeholders to prepare an up-to-date state of conservation report
for this property is yet to be finalised.
4
Action required: The Bureau may wish to adopt the following text and transmit it to
the Committee for noting:
“The Bureau urges the State Party and IUCN to finalise the consultation process as soon
as possible with a view to providing a detailed and up-to-date state of conservation
report for Shark Bay, including a focused set of recommendations and a plan for their
implementation as have been developed for the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage
Area, and submit them to the consideration of the twenty-fourth session of the Bureau in
the year 2000.”
Wet Tropics of Queensland (Australia)
Twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau – Chapter IV.23
New information: The Australian Government informed the Centre in a letter dated 14 September
1999 that the consultative process involving the ACIUCN, the State Government of Queensland
and other stakeholders to prepare an up-to-date state of conservation report for the Wet Tropics of
Queensland is yet to be finalised
"The Bureau urges the State Party and IUCN to finalise the consultation process as soon
as possible with a view to providing a detailed and up-to-date state of conservation
report on the Wet Tropics of Queensland, including a focused set of recommendations
and a plan for their implementation as has been developed for the Great Barrier Reef
World Heritage Area, and submit them to the consideration of the twenty-fourth session
of the Bureau in the year 2000."
Heard and McDonald Islands (Australia)
Twenty-second session of the Committee – page 93 of Annex IV.
New information: The Australian Government informed the Centre in a letter of 15 September
1999 that the major component of the desktop study concerning the establishment of a marine
protected area has been completed and that the report is in the process of being finalised. The State
Party has indicated that the report of the desktop study will be completed before the end of 1999
and at that time will be submitted to the Centre.
5
Action required: The Bureau may wish to adopt the following text and transmit it to the
Committee for noting:
"The Bureau requests the Centre and IUCN to review the desktop study report concerning
the establishment of a marine protected area surrounding the Heard and McDonald Islands,
due to be completed and submitted to the Centre before the end of 1999, and report their
findings to the twenty-fourth ordinary session of the Bureau in the year 2000."
Belovezhskaya Pushcha/Bialowieza Forest (Belarus/Poland)
Year of inscription on the World Heritage List: 1979 (Poland) and 1992 (Belarus)
New information: IUCN has informed the Centre that the IUCN evaluation of the extension of
the Bialowieza Forest of Poland will be submitted to the twenty-third extraordinary session of
the Bureau under the agenda item “ Nominations of cultural and natural properties to the List of
World Heritage in Danger and the World Heritage List”. IUCN also notes that the Ministry of
Environmental Protection, Natural Resources, and Forestry has launched “The Contract for
Bialowieza Forest” with its major goal of enlarging national park boundaries to the whole
forest complex in 2000. However, a final decision has not been taken yet and discussions have
reached a crucial point at present with a range of opinions in relation to the desirability of
extending the National Park boundaries. IUCN also notes that a management plan for
Bialowieza National Park is now under preparation.
“The Bureau commends the authorities for their efforts to expand the Bialowieza
National Park and to complete the management plan.”
Iguacu National Park (Brazil)
New information: IUCN sent a mission to this site in March 1999 and this was reported at the July
1999 Bureau session. During this mission discussions were held with representatives of IBAMA
(Brazilian National Parks Service), local residents, local Government representatives, State
Government representatives (including the Governor of the State of Paraná), and Federal
representatives (including the Minister for Environment). The mission report deals with four
issues relevant to the integrity of this World Heritage site:
6
(1) The Colon Road: Local people illegally reopened this road in May 1997. The Federal
Public Prosecutor is presently prosecuting both the local communities of the area for reopening
the road and the Federal and State agencies for not enforcing closure of the road. The majority
of the local people support the continued use of the road as it shortens the distance between
communities on the northern and southern sides of the park by some 130 km. The road
traverses the park from north to south dividing it in two. The road also breaks the forest
canopy for the majority of the road's length (17.5 km). It is important to keep in mind that this
site was inscribed in the World Heritage List, not only for the Iguacu Falls, but also for the
significant biodiversity values of the large expanse of rainforest that it contains. IUCN notes
that the road has destroyed part of the forest and damaged other parts of the site, has interrupted
wildlife movement between the eastern and western sections of the Park and most importantly,
has severely impacted on the site’s World Heritage values. In particular, concern has been
expressed by research and academic authorities that the preservation of the jaguar is threatened
with extinction in the region, as its habitat has been dissected by this road. The road is also
leading to an increase in siltation of the creeks and rivers and alters drainage patterns, further
exacerbating the impact on World Heritage values. In addition, the road has opened up the
Park for the illegal extraction of timber and poaching. IUCN has received information on the
process to close the Colon road, as recommended by the IUCN mission to this site. A process
of negotiation on this, led by IBAMA, is underway with representatives of the State of Paraná.
Due to the political and social pressures related to this road, it is not easy to find a short-term
solution for its closure because it could create negative reactions from the local people against
this World Heritage site, thus potentially leading to new threats to its integrity.
(2) Helicopter Flights: Commercial helicopter flights began in 1972, originating from both
Brazil and Argentina. Following recommendations from the World Heritage Committee,
flights from the Argentinean side ceased in 1994, but have continued on the Brazilian side. In
1996, the level of concern was such that the Presidents of Brazil and Argentina met to discuss
the issue. In 1997 Brazil decided to recommence helicopter flights subject to specific flight
conditions. A recent study by the Environment Institute of Paraná concentrated largely on the
impact of the helicopters on the tourists' experience, noting that, for most visitors, the flights
are interfering with their enjoyment of the Falls. However, this study only superficially
investigated the impacts on fauna.
(3) Dams on Iguacu River: The Salto Caixas Dam was recently built on the Iguacu River. It is
well upstream of the National Park and at present there is no evidence of any impact on the
World Heritage values of the Park. The proposal for another dam, Capanema, has been
abandoned, as it would involve a direct impact on Iguacu National Park.
(4) Management Plan: A new Management Plan for Iguacu National Park is due to be
completed in 1999. This management plan will aim to address the above-mentioned problems.
To ensure the integrity of this site it is clear that management of both the Iguacu National Park
(Brazil) and the Iguazu National Park (Argentina), both of which are on the World Heritage
List, would benefit considerably from closer liaison and co-ordination between their respective
management authorities. During the mission this was discussed with senior Brazilian and
Argentinean officials and initial responses were positive.
The twenty-third session of the Bureau requested the State Party to immediately close the
Colon Road and initiate a recovery plan to increase canopy closure and re-vegetation of ground
cover and stabilise soils and control erosion. Furthermore, the Bureau requested the State Party
to: (i) immediately halt helicopter flights pending a thorough evaluation of their impact on the
fauna, particularly the avifauna; and (ii) provide a copy of the new management plan to IUCN
7
for review to enable an assessment of the effectiveness of the plan to address prevailing threats
to the integrity of the site. As at 1 October, no information has been received from the State
Party.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to transmit the above report to the Committee
for examination and recommends the following for adoption:
“The Committee recognises the efforts from the State Party to implement
recommendations of the mission. However, in the absence of satisfactory progress with
regard to the permanent closure of the road and the implementation of the recovery plan
by the time of its twenty-third session, the Committee may wish to include Iguacu
National Park in the List of World Heritage in Danger.”
Dja Faunal Reserve (Cameroon)
International assistance: US$ 47,000 under Technical Assistance and US$ 34,700 for Training.
Previous deliberations :
New information: The twenty-second extraordinary session of the Bureau, held during 28-29
November 1998, requested the State Party to submit a report on the implementation of the
Sangmelima workshop recommendations before 15 September 1999. Such a report has not yet
been received. A proposal prepared by the Centre to undertake a rapid biodiversity assessment
to evaluate the impacts of on-going forestry activities on the contiguity of habitats and genepools in and around Dja was under consideration at the time the state of conservation of this
site was reported to the twenty-second extraordinary session of the Bureau in November 1998.
Since then however, the prospective donor, i.e. the Government of Netherlands, has changed its
priorities for providing bilateral assistance to Cameroon and the project proposal elaborated by
the Centre is no longer under consideration for financing. The Centre is currently in
consultation with the NASA’s (USA) Earth Studies unit to explore possibilities for using
satellite and remote-sensing images, dating from the present back to the 1970s, as a way of
understanding and interpreting the land-cover changes that have occurred in and around Dja
and using the insights gained from such an analysis, in combination with field studies and
ground-truthing, to assess the extent of the threat of biological isolation facing this site. The
outcome of those consultations will be reported at the time of the twenty-third extraordinary
session of the Bureau.
Action required: The Bureau, based on additional information that may be available at
the time of its twenty-third extraordinary session, may wish to take decisions and make
recommendations as appropriate.
Los Katios National Park (Colombia)
International Assistance: None
8
New information: IUCN notes that the Ministry of the Environment is in the process of
preparing a Management Plan for the area. This new Management Plan will include
participatory management arrangements for involving local communities as well as a
programme to promote transboundary co-operation with the Darien National Park World
Heritage site in Panama. A number of workshops involving local communities and the Special
Unit for National Parks of the Ministry of the Environment have been held to discuss how to
implement community management arrangements that would enhance the protection of this
site. Despite the on-going armed conflict, park authorities continue to provide some level of
management and control in several sectors of the park. In those areas controlled by park
authorities there has been a reduction in the illegal extraction of natural resources by local
communities. However, there is little information provided in the report on what is happening
on those sectors of the park controlled by armed groups. IUCN also notes the statement to the
twenty-third session of the Bureau by the Observer of Colombia which noted actions taken by
his Government, in particular concerning: (1) community participation; (2) inter-institutional
cooperation among local authorities, NGOs and communities; (3) progress made with the
second phase of the management plan; and (4) with transfrontier cooperation with Darien
National Park in Panama. He emphasised the commitment of his Government to the protection
of the site but did not support the recommendation to include it on the List of World Heritage in
Danger. IUCN acknowledges the progress made towards the preparation of the management
plan for this site and commends the State Party for these efforts despite the difficult situation
facing this site. However, IUCN notes uncertainty in relation to impacts of a number of threats,
including that:
(a) the Park is not fully under the control of the management agency;
(b) the impacts of the proposal to grant collective land ownership over 100,000ha of the Park
are unclear and should be assessed; and
(c) the impacts on wetlands from forest fires need to be reviewed.
“The Bureau recommends that a monitoring mission to this site be carried out in 2000,
which could address the issues noted by IUCN and encourages the State Party to invite
such a mission. The Bureau commends the State Party for its efforts to strengthen
transfrontier co-operation and urges it to accelerate efforts towards the establishment of
a single transfrontier World Heritage site linking Darien (Panama) and Los Katios
(Colombia) as recommended at the time of inscription in 1994.”
Comoℑ
ℑ National Park (C⇔
⇔te d’Ivoire)
International assistance: US$ 47,000 under Technical Co-operation.
Previous deliberations: The state of conservation of this property has not been reported to the
Bureau or the Committee.
9
New information: IUCN received a copy of the report provided to the World Heritage Centre,
prepared by a scientist, from the Centre de Recherche en Ecologie from Côte d'Ivoire entitled
“Evaluation de l’état actuel du parc national de la Comoℑ”. The report outlines the serious
threat of poaching to the wildlife of this site and sets out a series of recommendations for
improved management. IUCN has received several other reports from NGOs and individuals
highlighting illegal logging activities that are threatening the integrity of the site. IUCN notes
and supports the recommendations of the study that this site is in urgent need of technical and
financial support. A request for financial assistance from the State Party is due to be submitted
to the twenty-third session of the Committee. In view of the high level of poaching reported at
this site, IUCN recommends that the site be considered for inclusion on the List of World
Heritage in Danger and that an expert mission be fielded to the site in order to verify the
information reported by the study quoted above and have discussions with the State Party
regarding the possible inclusion of this site in the List of World Heritage in Danger.
“The Committee requests the State Party to consider inviting a Centre/IUCN mission to the
site during the year 2000 in order to review threats to the integrity of the site and plan
emergency rehabilitation measures as appropriate. The Committee may invite the State
Party to co-operate with the Centre and IUCN in order to submit to the twenty-fourth
session of the Committee, in accordance with paragraphs 86 – 90 of the Operational
Guidelines, a detailed state of conservation report and corrective measures for mitigating
threats to the site, so as to enable the Committee to consider including this property in the
List of World Heritage in Danger.”
Salonga National Park (Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC))
International assistance: US$ 6,000 as preparatory assistance, US$ 72,000 as technical cooperation and US$ 7,500 for staff training.
New information: The Chairperson approved in September 1999 a technical co-operation grant
of US$ 20,000 to : (a) launch special anti-poaching programmes including providing living and
motivational allowances to personnel ; (b) expand Park units from two to six in order to
enhance patrolling and surveillance efficiency ; (c) organise a programme of awareness
building among all stakeholders and design and implement small-scale projects benefiting local
populations ; and (d) purchase of uniforms, tents and communications equipment essential for
basic patrolling and surveillance operations. The heightened levels of threats due to poaching
and illegal encroachments continue to prevail and the conditions which led the Bureau to
recommend that the Committee inscribe this site in the List of World Heritage in Danger
remain unchanged.
10
“The Bureau reiterates its recommendation, made at its July 1999 session, that the
Committee include this site in the List of World Heritage in Danger. In addition the
Bureau may request the Centre and IUCN to expand its co-operation with the
conservation NGOs, ICCN and other partners, targeted to raise international awareness
and support for four other World Heritage sites in Danger in the DRC, namely
Garamba, Virunga and Kahuzi Biega National Parks and the Okapi Faunal Reserve, to
address the needs of this site too, and explore ways and means to strengthen the
conservation and management of Salonga National Park.”
Morne Trois Pitons National Park (Dominica)
International Assistance: US$ 13,000 as Preparatory assistance; US$ 9,000 as Technical cooperation for the preparation of the management plan and US$ 30,000 for a regional seminar on
Caribbean World Heritage.
New information: IUCN has noted recent correspondence of 16 September 1999 from the State
Party covering various aspects associated with the proposed cable car; including: (a)
information on the operation plan including details in relation to waste disposal; (b) the location
of the cable car and visitor impact; (c) time frame for the project; (d) state of conservation and
management planning. IUCN notes the key elements from the material submitted are: (a) the
indication that the aerial tramway will terminate approximately 500 metres from the boundary
of the National Park; (b) that adjoining state lands will be maintained as a buffer zone; and (c)
that the State Party considers the visual impact on visitors is expected to be minimal.
IUCN commends the efforts of the State Party to construct the aerial tramway outside of the
park, but notes the potential impacts to the park associated with increased visitation related to
the development of the tramway. It notes specifically that the planned linking of the top/return
station to the existing nature trail to the Valley of Desolation and Boiling Lake may lead to an
increased level of visitation.
“The Bureau commends the State Party for actions undertaken to construct the aerial
tramway outside the World Heritage area. The Bureau encourages the authorities to closely
monitor visitor use impacts associated with the development of the tramway, and that a
visitor management strategy for the site be developed. The Bureau invites the State Party
to provide periodic reports on the state of conservation of this site.”
Galapagos Islands (Ecuador)
International Assistance: Preparatory assistance (US$ 15,000); Emergency assistance (US$
60,500); Technical assistance (US$ 324,500); Training (US$ 100,000).
11
Twenty second session of the Committee – Chapter VII.23
New information: Recent information received by the Centre and IUCN from the State Party
(15 September 1999) reinforces the fact that positive actions have been taken to enhance the
integrity of this site. Following the approval of the Special Law for Galapagos in March 1999,
the Ministry of Environment of Ecuador and the Permanent Commission for the Galapagos
Islands have been preparing the general regulations by sectors (including: tourism, traditional
fisheries, agriculture and environmental control). This has been done using a participatory
approach to gain the support and consent from local communities. The document on the
general regulations has been completed and submitted to the President of the Republic where it
was recently discussed and approved. It is expected to be in force in the near future. Progress
is reported on the application of migratory controls considered under the Special Law for
Galapagos. As a result, resident permits have been reduced from over 6,000 in 1992 to 300 in
1999. In November 1998 a Census of Population for the Islands was taken and is providing
valuable information on demographic, economic and management activities in the islands. In
relation to tourism development, there are increasing national and international pressures to
increase the number of visitors to the islands. However, application of the Special Law for
Galapagos is helping to control these pressures. There have been no further increases in
relation to the capacity of hotels, tourist boats and other services. The Ministry of Environment
of Ecuador is implementing an Environmental Management Programme, guided by the
International Development Bank (IDB), that is supporting infrastructure development for
sanitation, water supply, water treatment and solid waste management in order to solve existing
problems of pollution in the islands. The re-opening of the sea cucumber fisheries from April
to July 1999 was carefully monitored by the personnel of the Galapagos National Park and the
Charles Darwin Foundation. The two fundamental concerns are the status of the resource itself
and the capability to effectively manage fisheries activities. A joint monitoring and patrolling
programme funded by the Frankfurt Zoological Society was implemented using six patrol boats
and aerial techniques. Monitoring indicated that the level of catches was extremely low in
comparison with figures from 1994, thus suggesting that this activity is unsustainable and
represents a threat to the marine ecosystem of the islands.
At its twenty-third session, the Bureau complimented the State Party for its efforts to improve
the conservation of the Galapagos Islands World Heritage site, particularly during difficult
economic times. IUCN notes the support from various donors and specifically the confirmed
approval of US$3,999,850 for the UNESCO Project on the Control and Eradication of Invasive
Species. It aims to ensure that the Galapagos retains their unique biodiversity for the benefit of
future generations. Its objectives include testing of the application of state-of-the-art scientific
principles and techniques, as well as of participatory approaches in the development of a
quarantine regime, capacity and other essential infrastructure for the control of the introduction
and spread of invasive species in the Galapagos.
IUCN welcomes the report from the State Party on the state of conservation of the Galapagos
Islands and fully acknowledges positive steps taken by the State Party to conserve this site. A
copy of the “Plan de Manejo de conservaci∧n y uso sustentable para la reserva marina de
Gal↔pagos” has been sent to IUCN for evaluation.
12
“The Bureau commends the State Party for actions taken to conserve the site. The
Bureau requests IUCN to review the Management Plan for the marine reserve to
determine whether the plan provides a satisfactory basis for the re-nomination of the
marine reserve as an extension to the existing World Heritage site.”
Kaziranga National Park (India)
International assistance: US$ 50,000 under Technical Co-operation
New Information: The State Party has not yet responded to the twenty-third ordinary session of
the Bureau’s invitation to provide a detailed report on wildlife censuses that may have been
undertaken after the 1998 floods and on long-term measures which are currently being
implemented to mitigate future flood damage to Kaziranga and on whether or not the State
Party intends to propose the inclusion of the recent extension (44 sq. km) of the Park into the
World Heritage site. A staff of the Centre met with a senior planner from the State Government
of Assam during a mission in Japan and drew his attention to the need for responding to the
invitation of the Bureau so that the information that may be provided by the State Party could
be submitted to the twenty-third extraordinary session of the Bureau in November 1999.
Action required: The Bureau, based on new information that may be available at the
time of its twenty-third extraordinary session, may take decisions and make
Komodo National Park (Indonesia)
International assistance: US$ 2,500 as Preparatory Assistance; US$ 119,500 under Technical Cooperation and US$ 10,000 for staff training.
New information: The Permanent Delegate of Indonesia, via his letter of 4 October 1999, has
responded to the Bureau’s observations and recommendations and has informed the Centre that
his Government, i.e. the Directorate General for Natural Protection and Conservation, is also
very much concerned about indications of an increase in illegal dynamite and cyanide fishing in
the coastal waters of Komodo National Park. He has pointed out that a Government team is due
to visit the site soon and assess the damage.
13
“The Bureau requests the State Party to submit to the Centre, before 15 April 2000, a
report on the findings of the Government mission to the Komodo National Park and an
assessment of the threats posed by increase in illegal fishing in coastal waters and possible
mitigation measures that need to be undertaken. The Bureau requests the Centre and IUCN
review that report and submit their findings and recommendations, including the need for
any additional Centre/IUCN mission that may still prevail, for examination by the twentyfourth ordinary session of the Bureau in mid-2000.”
Whale Sanctuary of El Viscaino (Mexico)
International Assistance: None.
New information: Following the request of the World Heritage Committee and its Bureau and
at the invitation of the Mexican authorities, a mission was carried out to the Whale Sanctuary
of El Vizcaino from 23 to 28 August 1999. The full report and the recommendations of the
mission are contained in Information Document WHC-99/CONF.208/INF.6.
for examination:
“The Bureau takes note of the report of the mission and the recommendations as
indicated in WHC-99/CONF.208/INF.6. The Bureau may wish to transmit these
recommendations to the World Heritage Committee for consideration. The Bureau may
wish to note that if any significant change to the present situation should occur,
documented by appropriate evidence, the conclusion concerning the site’s status under
the World Heritage Convention should be promptly re-evaluated in co-operation and
co-ordination with the State Party, and appropriate consideration should be given to all
relevant Parties and the World Heritage Committee.”
Sagarmatha National Park (Nepal)
International assistance: US$ 131,326 under Technical Assistance and US$ 22,802 for Training.
Twenty-second session of the Committee – pages 97 and 98 of Annex IV.
New Information: In accordance with the recommendation made by the twenty-second
extraordinary session of the Bureau in November 1998, the Centre and IUCN facilitated the
conduct of a meeting of the International Centre for Protected Landscapes (ICPL), the Department
for International Development (DFlD) of the United Kingdom and relevant authorities from His
Majesty’s Government of Nepal (HMGN) Ministries of Soils and Forests, and of Tourism and
Civil Aviation and the Chief Warden of Sagarmatha National Parks, in London, UK, in March
1999. This has been followed by a continuing dialogue between ICPL, the DFID Office in
14
Kathmandu, Nepal and the concerned Nepalese authorities. The Chief Warden underwent a twoweek training course in ICPL during August 1999 where he gathered valuable information,
amongst others, on tourism development planning. The participation of Nepalese authorities in the
London meeting and the training of the Chief Warden of the Park were financed by the World
Heritage Fund under two separate projects approved by the Chairperson of the Committee.
Continuing negotiations between the parties concerned has increased the possibility that the DFID
Office in Nepal will undertake an ICPL/HMGN project entitled, “Ecotourism, Conservation and
Sustainable Development in the Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park and the Solu-Khumbu
District of Nepal”. Project negotiations between HMGN/ICPL and DFID, Kathmandu, are
currently underway. The project is expected to commence in November 1999. The Department
of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation (DNPWC) of Nepal has organised consultation
among various stakeholders in and around the Park, under a separate GEF Funded projcet, to
facilitate the revision of the management plan for Sagarmatha in conjunction with its 25th
anniversary celebrations in 2001. These consultations are contributing to improving the chances
for the ICPL/HMGN project under the DFID Nepal programme. The aim of the ICPL/HMGN
project is to strengthen rural livelihoods through the promotion of tourism and conservation in the
Sagarmatha National Park and the nearby Solu-Khumbu District. This is an interim project with a
purpose to design and develop a larger project which would provide management assistance to the
DNPWC of Nepal and the Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation to improve management of the
site. The proposed initiative seeks to produce:
1.
A revised national park management plan;
2.
An integrated ecotourism strategy for the Sagarmatha National Park, its buffer zone and the
wider Solu-Khumbu District that supports the national park plan;
3.
A training and resources programme for the Sagarmatha National Park administration;
4.
A community-based training and awareness programme; and
5.
Improved tourism infrastructure for the region.
In addition to strengthening rural livelihoods throughout the Solu-Khumbu District, the
programme will help to improve the planning and management of conservation and tourism at
both the local and national levels. An up-date on the outcome of the negotiations between
ICPL/HMGN and the DFID Nepal Office will be provided at the time of the twenty-third
extraordinary session of the Bureau
Action required : The Bureau, in the light of up-to-date information on the
ICPL/HMGN and DFID negotiations to be provided at the time of its twenty-third
extraordinary session may take decisions and make recommendations as appropriate.
Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand
Sixteenth session of the Committee – page 30
Seventeenth session of the Bureau – page 15
Eighteenth session of the Bureau – page 16
Eighteenth session of the Committee – page 24
New information: IUCN is waiting for a report from the State Party responding to concerns
expressed by the Forest and Bird Society of New Zealand with regard to the Department of
15
Conservation’s management of the introduced thar, a mountain goat. It has been claimed that a
high level of thar are maintained for recreational hunting and as a result concerns have been
expressed about the effects this is having on the indigenous flora and on the integrity of this
alpine ecosystem. This claim has been contested by the Department of Conservation which has
promised a detailed report. IUCN recommends that follow up action on this await the report
from the Department of Conservation.
"The Bureau requests the New Zealand Department of Conservation to provide a detailed
report on the management of the introduced thar, a mountain goat, at Te Wahipounamu,
Arabian Oryx Sanctuary (Oman)
International assistance: US$ 27,000 under Preparatory Assistance and US$ 40,000 for Training.
Twenty-second session of the Committee – page 98 of Annex IV ;
New information: A letter of 11 September 1999 from the Director General of Nature
Conservation Department in the Ministry of Regional Municipalities and Environment, in
response to the request of the twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau, has acknowledged
that the size of the wild Arabian oryx population had dropped from 450 to about 100. Of the
100 remaining, only 13 are females, hence the risks of the local extinction of the species are
significant. Past re-introduction projects had succeeded, but with the increase in oryx numbers
the poachers returned to once again reduce the population size sharply. An additional 45 oryx,
rescued from the wild are in captivity and are awaiting release once security in the wild is
guaranteed. Recommendations from a recent International Arabian Oryx Conference (March,
1999) held in Abu Dhabi, addressed the issue of illegal trade of oryx and suggested the creation
of a co-ordinating body with a permanent secretariat in one of the range states to enhance cooperation and exchange of experience across the Arabian Peninsula. The tightening of
regulations and improved regional co-operation to prevent illegal transboundary movement of
and trade in Arabian Oryx were also recommended. The oryx breeds well in captivity and with
careful management a healthy source of animals can be guaranteed for further re-introduction
programmes. Oman intends to host a follow up conference next year and improve local
community participation and environmental tourism to improve local support for site
protection. The Oryx Project Management team has been strengthened by the appointment of
new staff.
The Director-General’s letter informed the Centre of the explorations undertaken by an oil
company already holding a concession within a part of the Sanctuary. The letter furthermore
states that a full EIA was undertaken by internationally well-known consultants and that the
scope, consultations and assessment were fully in accordance with the planning policies
recommended in the management planning study (Final Report) which has been incorporated
within the draft management plan. However, none of the above mentioned documents, i.e. EIA,
management planning study or draft management plan have been submitted to the Centre.
IUCN has raised serious concerns regarding the management of this site, given the fact that the
16
boundary marking and management planning project financed in part by the World Heritage
Fund is long overdue for completion. Other issues of concern include impacts of off-road
vehicle use and overgrazing by domestic wildlife. A «Regional Capacity Building Training
Workshop for the Promotion of Awareness in Natural Heritage Conservation in the Arab
Region», for which the Committee approved a sum of US$ 40,000 at its last session in Kyoto,
Japan, is due to be held in Oman in February 2000. Participants of this Regional Capacity
Building activity are expected to visit the site and assess the status of conservation of the site,
including progress made in the implementation of the boundary marking and management
planning project.
“The Bureau expresses its serious concerns regarding the continuing delays in the
implementation of the boundary marking and management planning project, impacts of
oil exploration and of off-road vehicles use and overgrazing by domestic stock. The
Bureau requests the Centre and IUCN to raise these issues with the relevant State Party
officials during their participation at the Regional Capacity Building workshop in
February 2000. The Bureau suggests that the Centre and IUCN co-operate with the
State Party to provide a report to the twenty-fourth session of the Bureau in mid-2000.
The report should address all unresolved issues and problems threatening the integrity
of this site and advise the Bureau on whether or not this site should be considered for
inclusion in the List of World Heritage in Danger.”
Huascaran National Park (Peru)
International Assistance: US$ 70,000 under Technical Co-operation and US$ 5,300 for staff
training.
Twenty-second session of the Committee – pages 98 and 99 of Annex IV.
New information: At its twenty-third session, the Bureau encouraged the State Party to give
high priority to the preparation and implementation of a restoration programme and to submit a
request for technical assistance. The Bureau further encouraged the State Party to give priority
attention to implement key actions as proposed by IUCN and to provide regular progress
reports on its implementation, including progress achieved in the implementation of key
priorities identified by the working group established on the use of the Pachacoto-Yanashallay
road. The Bureau requested the State Party to submit the first of these reports by 15 September
1999 and IUCN and the Centre to prepare a mission to be carried out in 2000. IUCN
commends the State Party for seeking solutions to minimise the impacts on the Park from the
temporary use of the central road, but considers that further review of this issue should await
the provision of information from the State Party. No further information was provided by the
State Party at the time of the preparation of this document.
Action required: The Bureau, in the light of up-to-date information on the situation to
be provided at the time of its twenty-third extraordinary session, may take decisions and
make recommendations as appropriate. It may wish to encourage the State Party to
17
invite a mission to the site in 2000 to prepare a report for the twenty-fourth session of
the World Heritage Bureau.
Lake Baikal (Russian Federation)
International Assistance: US$ 15,000 as Preparatory Assistance and US$ 48,259 for an in-situ
training workshop.
Twenty-second session of the Committee – Chapter VII.24;
New information: In April 1999, the State Duma of the Russian Federation adopted the law on
the Lake Baikal. However, this is a framework law and it requires several other legal acts to be
adopted. The efforts of the Russian authorities in developing this law are to be commended but
it is important that the law be implemented as quickly as possible and also that adequate
resources are made available to ensure its effective implementation. IUCN notes the on-going
concerns associated with pollution of Lake Baikal from pulp mills operating in close proximity
to the site. Recent reports from Greenpeace are also noted, in relation to the lawsuit by the
State Bodies for Environmental Protection in relation to the “suspension of ecologically
harmful activities of the Baikalsky Pulp and Paper Plant (BP&PP)”. The Irkutsk Court noted
the impact of the BP&PP but ruled that the “lawsuit is void”. One of the reasons for the verdict
was that without new jobs created in the region the pulp production in Baikalsk could not be
shut down because it would result in social crisis in the region. It is understood that a new draft
governmental decree on suspension of pulp production has not been supported by the regional
authorities and that a “concept of social and economic development of the City of Baikalsk and
conversion of the BP&PP” is now being elaborated. IUCN notes there has been a large number
of World Heritage monitoring and training missions to Lake Baikal (1993, 1995, 1997, 1998,
1999) and before recommending another mission there is a need to carefully assess findings
and recommendations from these past missions.
The economic difficulties in this region are noted and it is considered that there is a need to
identify and examine innovative options and solutions to this issue, specifically in relation to
the legal, financial and other requirements associated with re-profiling of the Baikalsk Pulp and
Paper Mill. Discussion of such options and solutions should address environmental, social and
economic concerns and should involve donors and should ideally be addressed under the
umbrella of the Baikal Commission. IUCN also notes that the Workshop on Lake Baikal,
supported by the World Heritage Committee, was successfully implemented and that this has
enhanced capacity building for managers at the Baikal World Heritage site.
No further information was received by the State Party at the time of the preparation of this
document.
“The Bureau again commends the State Party for the adoption of the Baikal Law but
urges that the State Party ensures its effective implementation as well as addressing
18
pollution issues associated with the Baikalsk Pulp and Paper Mill. The Bureau requests
the State Party to present a state of conservation report by 15 April 2000.”
Doñana National Park (Spain)
Twenty-second session of the Committee – Chapter VII.25;
New information: IUCN notes that at its last session, the World Heritage Bureau:
(i) expressed serious concerns regarding the possible reopening of the Aznalcollar mine, and
encouraged the State Party to give priority attention to implement key actions proposed by
IUCN, i.e., (a) the tailings dam be fully impermeable; (b) a hydrological study should be
undertaken for monitoring potential penetration of waste water into the aquifers of the area;
(c) the need for consultation with all stakeholders; and (d) the need for co-ordinated and
effective buffer zone management;
(ii) encouraged the State Party to provide regular reports on implementation, including
progress achieved in the implementation of these priorities; and
(iii) requested the State Party, the Centre and IUCN to collaborate in the organisation of the
conference on the future of Doñana.
An informative note was transmitted (dated June 1999) during the last session of the Bureau from
the State Party to the Centre and IUCN on the situation and measures taken following the
breaching of the Aznalcollar mine reservoir. It included a discussion of the recent hydrology of
the area, steps taken as a result of the mine accident, the initiation of the Green Corridor project
and the Doñana 2005 project and a reference to the possible reopening of the mine.
During 1998 and 1999 a number of actions were undertaken. According to representatives of the
Aznalcollar mine at the Doñana 2005 Conference, permission to resume operations was given by
the concerned Spanish authorities in March 1999. The first operation at the mine commenced in
June 1999 and consisted of transferring the remaining toxic wastes from the holding pond, which
had breached in April 1998 (causing the spill into the Guadiamar River), to an old, unused
mining pit. The clean up of the affected areas of the Guadiamar basin has continued. The
Government of Andalucia initiated the Green Corridor project which is designed to acquire the
affected farming areas adjacent to the Guadiamar River and to reforest and rehabilitate the area.
An International Expert Meeting on the Regeneration of the Doñana watershed (Doñana 2005
Conference) took place from 4 to 8 October 1999 with the participation of the World Heritage
Centre, IUCN, the Secretary-General of the Ramsar Convention, WWF and other organizations.
The meeting produced a number of recommendations concerning steps that could be taken for
improving the situation of the decrease in the water table, diversion of surface water flows from
entering Doñana and ensuring that water entering the area is free of pollutants. In addition,
discussions took place concerning the necessity for strong co-operation between various activities
being initiated in the region such as the Doñana 2005 project and the Green Corridor project.
Some suggestions included the construction of large artificial lagoons for the control of water
flows and reducing pollution and sediment loads. These would be placed in areas outside the
World Heritage site in land to be purchased or acquired from agricultural companies or farmers.
19
This recommendation could be of concern because the lagoon construction and operation
afterwards could have serious impacts on the hydrology of the region.
While IUCN welcomes the continued clean up effort of the Guadiamar basin and affected areas,
the Expert Meeting on the Regeneration of Doñana and the initiation of the Green Corridor
project, there are still some concerns.
-
-
-
-
It is not clear to what extent an impact study was undertaken to ensure that the toxic wastes
which will now be dumped into the old mine pit will remain there and not percolate into the
surrounding aquifer.
It is not clear how the various authorities at the state and regional level intend to coordinate the various activities undertaken to ensure that the integrity of Doñana is
maintained.
It is not clear how resolution of conflicts between users of the watershed will be undertaken
on a regular basis, nor how regular monitoring of progress of the implementation of various
activities will be carried out.
In addition it is not clear how a number of the concerns raised by the 1998 and 1999
meetings of the Committee and the Bureau (referred to above) have been or are being
addressed.
In order to provide the basis for a thorough discussion of the present status of the Doñana
National Park, IUCN recommends that the State Party provide information on the following:
-
-
hydrological studies that indicate there will be no infiltration of toxic waste into the aquifer
feeding the World Heritage site;
plans for stakeholder consultations to identify conflicts and options to resolve them;
plans for regular independent monitoring of the hydrological parameters of the site;
arrangements for co-ordination and collaboration between the various activities in the area
which affect the hydrology of the region;
environmental impact studies on various proposals to restore the hydrology of the region, in
particular the construction of artificial lagoons in some of the areas presently used for
agriculture; and
plans for keeping under review the progress in the implementation of the Green Corridor
and Doñana 2005 projects, as well as other related activities.
Following the Doñana 2005 Conference, the Centre contacted the authorities to obtain
information concerning the exact dates of authorization and production of the Azlacollar mine
and clarification with regard to the points raised by the World Heritage Bureau. No response has
been received at the time of the preparation of this document.
“The Committee commends the Spanish authorities for the continued clean up effort of
the Guadiamar basin and affected areas. However, the Committee expresses its concerns
for the re-opening of the mine without taking into account the points raised by the twentysecond session of the Committee and the twenty-third session of the Bureau. The
Committee suggests that a review meeting be held during the year 2000 to review
progress of the implementation of the Doñana 2005 project, taking into account the points
raised by IUCN and which should involve all concerned parties and institutions including
the international collaborators involved in the meeting on Doñana 2005 held in October
20
1999. The State Party should also be encouraged to take into account the WCPA Position
Statement on mining activities and protected areas to be reviewed by the twenty-third
session of the Committee.”
Thung Yai-Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuaries (Thailand)
International assistance: US$ 1,666 as Preparatory Assistance; and US$ 20,000 under
Technical Co-operation.
Twenty-second session of the Committee – Chapter VII. 27
New information: At its twenty-third ordinary session in July 1999, the Delegate of Thailand
indicated that he would report on the project to review the fire-management policy of the site at
the time of the twenty-third extraordinary session of the Bureau in November 1999. IUCN has
also informed the Centre that it will report on its implementation of an initiative on forestfire
management at the time of the extraordinary session of the Bureau with a view to highlighting
potantial applications of the initiative to this World Heritage property.
Action by the Bureau: The Bureau, based on new information due to be reported at the
time of its twenty-third extraordinary session may take decisions and make
Bwindi Impenetrable Forest (Uganda)
International assistance: US$ 2,600 as Preparatory Assistance.
Twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau –Chapter IV. 41
New information: At its twenty-third session, the Bureau recommended that the State Party
submit to the Centre, before 15 September 1999, a report on measures taken to enhance
security conditions in this site and to ensure the recovery of visitor numbers to pre-March 1999
levels. So far, although no formal written response from the State Party has been received, an
email report submitted by the Chief Executive Officer of the Uganda Wildlife Authority, who
is also an IUCN Member, which notes the following:
A number of measures have been taken by the site-management to improve security, including:
(a) the deployment of additional security personnel in and around the site; (b) joint guarding of
tourist facilities by the rangers and the defence force (UPDF); (c) establishment of a mobile
strike force that cordons off and searches any place suspected to be insecure ; (d) regular
contact with security officers on the Uganda/DRC border to share security information and coordinate patrol operations; (e) opening an additional trail to improve accessibility of the joint
forces near the border with the DRC; (f) improving radio communication links between
security units and Bwindi site management; (g) regular briefing between the Uganda Park
Authority Headquarters and the site; (h) training of relevant rangers for one month in anti21
terrorism in Egypt; (i) increased publicity, nationally and internationally, of security conditions
in the site by the Government; and (j) enlisting of local community support who share tourism
benefits. The report also mentions that some limited donations were received to purchase
walkie-talkies, sleeping bags and a 4 wheel-drive vehicle. Already, as a result of the measures
taken, the number of visitors has increased from 83 in April to 256 in August 1999.
There is an urgent need to train park staff to appropriately handle any security threats that may
arise, given that the site borders an area of instability. Training is needed in terms of antiterrorism preparedness, monitoring intelligence information and community relations. Support
is required to implement this training as well as to assist with the purchase of four wheel drive
vehicles.
“The Bureau requests IUCN and the Centre to verify, with the Ugandan authorities,
their needs for support for purchase of vehicles and staff training and if confirmed as
reported above, facilitate efforts of the Ugandan authorities to obtain financial support
from suitable sources including the World Heritage Fund. The Bureau requests that the
Centre and IUCN report on measures taken to support site management at the twentyfourth ordinary session of the Bureau in mid-2000.”
Rwenzori Mountains (Uganda)
International assistance: US$ 32,249 as Technical Co-operation.
New information: The same report that provided information on Bwindi Impenetrable Forest
mentioned above points out that the rebels have occupied the site since 1997 and no meaningful
conservation activities are being implemented in the site. Rebels continue to use the site as a
hiding place from where they occasionally launch attacks on communities and institutions in
the districts of Kaesese, Kabarole and Bundibugyo. Some local people living adjacent to the
Park have been displaced. The World Wide Fund (WWF/USAID) Project to implement the
Medium Term Operational Plan has been suspended. The following points are also noted:
• due to lack of resources, ranger numbers have been trimmed to such a level that they are
thin on the ground and ill-equipped. As a result conservation activities have almost come to
a halt. A few outposts are functional manned by a few people mainly to guard property. In
the absence of patrols, the levels of illegal activities such as pitsawing and encroachment
cannot be properly ascertained.
• Activities related to communities are difficult to implement because people are unsettled as
they are constantly under threat resulting from the insurgency of the rebels.
• Part of the Park Headquarters has temporarily moved to the Kasese town for security
reasons. A contingent of 30 rangers is at Ibanda, the Park Headquarters, where they train
and maintain park security with other security or personnel.
Training of rangers and wardens in combat tactics is essential in order to survive in the hostile
environment. This is being arranged in collaboration with other security operations by the
defence forces. The main constraint to this training is supply of equipment which cannot
22
adequately be covered by the Uganda Wildlife Authority budget. Although there is a heavy
deployment of Ugandan Security Forces and training of large numbers of community members
to fight the insurgency, it is not clear when the conflict will end. The long term negative
impact of the conflict on the fauna and flora cannot be predicted since most of the Park is not
being monitored by Park staff.
“The Committee expresses its serious concerns regarding the security situation at this site
and recalls the Bureau’s recommendation (July 1999), that the Committee include this site
in the List of World Heritage in Danger. The Committee requests the Centre and IUCN to
communicate with conservation NGOs and other international organizations who have
field presence in the region to discuss ways and means to publicize the need for all parties
involved in the conflict in the region to respect the site’s World Heritage status and to
develop projects to support site management.”
Gough Island (United Kingdom)
Year of inscription on the World Heritage List in 1995
Nineteenth session of the Committee – Chapter VIII. 4
New information: IUCN notes that an article in the New Scientist of 31 July 1999 stated that
the United Kingdom Government was neglecting the Gough Island World Heritage site, mainly
through the lack of policing of industrial fishing vessels illegally fishing for tuna and
swordfish. It notes: “The waters around the island are frequently invaded by industrial fishing
vessels” and that “ the vessels illegally hunt tuna and sword fish using drift nets and longlines.” Concerns are also noted about the absence of policing and monitoring and in relation to
birds being accidentally killed by fishing lines and nets while foraging. The New Scientist
notes that the British Government bought a fisheries patrol vessel after the island was
designated a World Heritage site but that it does not have the range to patrol Gough Island from
its base on Tristan de Cunha.
IUCN has received several reports, including from its Antarctic Advisory Committee (AAC),
noting that the island is well managed. There appears to be ongoing concern over long-line
fishing in the waters around Gough Island, but that it is occurring outside the boundaries of the
World Heritage site. The reports suggest that, even if the UK Government could enforce strict
controls on all fishing within the 200 nautical mile EEZ around the islands, it would not totally
prevent the problem, as the affected birds forage much further than even the 200 nautical miles,
even while breeding. On the terrestrial front, Gough Island is managed according to the
management plan and there are relatively few problems. In August 1999 a comprehensive
report from the environmental observer to Gough Island was submitted to IUCN. The report
details: preventative measures to be taken against the introduction of alien species; outlines
actions to be taken to maintain the area; and lists the status and recommendations relating to the
operations in the logistic zone (i.e., waste control, response to fuel spillage, management
regulations on entry to the reserve and fishing, and conservation awareness).
23
One issue that emerged last year was the insurgence of the weed sagina cf. procumbens which
was believed to have been transported from Marion Island where there was a problem with this
plant. A specialist will be visiting the site this year to assess the extent of the invasion and
attempt to eradicate it. Also a two-year inventory of invertebrate communities, begun in
September 1999, will give better insight into this fauna, and the impact mice have had on the
island. IUCN notes that the boundaries of the Gough Island Wildlife Reserve area lie three
nautical miles out to sea, since this was the extent of territorial waters when the Tristan
Conservation Ordinance of 1976 and the Wildlife Reserve were promulgated. Subsequently,
territorial waters in the Gough-Tristan group were extended to 12nm.
“The Bureau recommends that the State Party encourages the St. Helena Government
(of which Tristan and Gough are dependencies) to expand the boundaries of the Gough
Island Wildlife Reserve to 12nm. Following that, the Bureau recommends that the UK
Government should consider extension of the World Heritage boundary and to report on
what it can do to protect the wider marine environment.”
St. Kilda (United Kingdom)
New information: The twenty-second Bureau session noted conflicting information in relation to
the state of conservation of St. Kilda. Accordingly it suggested that the State Party, in cooperation with the Centre and IUCN, initiate a round table process involving interested parties.
This round table meeting was held in Edinburgh on 24 September 1999 with the participation of a
representative from IUCN/WCPA and the UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
The IUCN focus at the roundtable was whether risks to the existing World Heritage property
were such that it should be included on the List of the World Heritage in Danger. The
boundary of the property is at the high tide mark and, therefore, any matters of marine pollution
were considered in the context of impact on the nesting sea birds of St. Kilda while at sea,
feeding or roosting, or the food upon which they depended.
The strategy for exploration and possible exploitation of the Atlantic Frontier was explained in
detail at the roundtable meeting, together with the procedures for the input of scientific advice
by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) on environmental impacts. Information
was also provided about the data on which this scientific advice was based.
The evidence provided at the round table meeting covered:
• Existing proposals to drill exploration wells;
• General environmental measures within licensing;
• Preparedness and response to oil spills;
• Environmental impact assessments for each exploration well and for development;
• Assessment of risk of oil spills;
24
•
•
•
•
•
•
Details about the likely scale of tanker traffic;
Data on the probability of spills during the transfer of oil;
An analysis of the procedures followed in Oil Spill Risk Assessment;
A breakdown of the factors influencing potential oil spill impact — taking into account the
nature of the oil, wind and current direction, rate of dispersion and weathering of spilled oil,
the distribution and populations of birds (species by species), shore life and sub-tidal life;
For birds at sea, the analysis of the database of birds at sea (at present 2 million records) is
used to calculate an ‘offshore vulnerability index’ for each species and, derived from that
an ‘area vulnerability index’. Both of these are available for each month of the year. They
are constantly being reviewed and updated in the light of new evidence. (They are, of
course, not only concerned with St. Kilda); and
An analysis of the effects of exploration and drilling techniques.
The present suggested limit of 25 miles from St. Kilda for potential oil development is not cast
in stone. It is the best estimate based on existing scientific knowledge. It is not possible to
make exact predictions about the future of exploration and development. This will depend
upon future oil prices and the interest of companies in exploration. There has been little
interest in the last year, but it is now increasing. The latest blocks opened for licensing are in
an arc from the west to east about 200 miles north of St. Kilda. If there should be extensive
strikes to the north of St. Kilda, it would probably become economic to move away from
Shuttle Tankers to pipe line. Any strikes to the south are more likely to be of gas than of oil.
The Round Table also discussed the possibility of damage to the intertidal and underwater
communities round the coast of St. Kilda, even though these are not included in the present
property. The Round Table considered the intertidal communities are not considered to be at
major risk from any pollutants that might reach them for a number of reasons:
• the dispersed nature of any pollutants by the time they reached the coast;
• the fact that species which are adapted to the extreme conditions of the inter-tidal zone in
St. Kilda also tend to seal themselves effectively against foreign bodies;
• the very rapid turn over of individuals and the large reservoir of free-swimming larval and
juvenile stages.
In view of the information arising from the Round Table Process, IUCN does not recommend
that this site be placed on the List of World Heritage in Danger at this time.
“The Committee notes the results of the St. Kilda Round Table of September 1999. The
Committee recommends (1) that the boundaries of the World Heritage area should be
expanded to include the surrounding marine area and consideration be given to a buffer
zone as was recommended in the IUCN’s original evaluation in 1986; (2) that a revised
management plan should be prepared. The Committee also recommends that until the
management plan and the risk assessment of any proposed development that might
affect the integrity of the site had been prepared, consideration be given to placing a
moratorium on oil licensing nearer to St Kilda than that already licensed. The
Committee decides not to include the site in the List of World Heritage in Danger.”
25
Ngorongoro Conservation Area and the Serengeti National Park (United Republic of
Tanzania)
Year of inscription on the World Heritage List: 1979 and 1981, respectively.
International assistance: US$ 79,500 Technical Co-operation (Ngorongoro); US$ 20,000
Training and US$ 30,000 Technical Co-operation (Serengeti); US$ 20,000 Emergency
Assistance (Ngorongoro).
Ngorongoro Conservation Area was included in the List of World
Heritage in Danger in 1984 due to poaching and threats posed by illegal agricultural
encroachments. Continuous monitoring and technical assistance projects contributed towards
improving the state of conservation leading to the removal of the site from the List of World
Heritage in Danger in 1989.
New information: IUCN’s East African Regional Office has been approached by a consultancy
firm working with the Tanzanian Ministry of Works to provide input to a feasibility study on a
gravel access road to Loliondo (the administrative centre of the Ngorongoro District). Four
routes are being considered for upgrading. Two of the routes proposed would pass through the
Ngorongoro Conservation Area. The other route would cut across the eastern end of Olduvai
Gorge. However, there are two other possible alignments that start from Monduli and Mto-waMbu. The two roads would come together near Engaruka, from where the road would pass
between Lake Natron and Oldonyo Lengai volcano before ascending the Rift Valley
escarpment towards Loliondo. IUCN has welcomed the consultative approach taken by the
Government of Tanzania in the planning phase of this road. IUCN considers that options
should be carefully considered and should take fully into account potential impacts on the
values of these two sites.
“The Bureau invites the State Party to fully extend its co-operation to involve UNESCO
and IUCN in the consultation process and in considering the various options available,
and searching for new alternatives if necessary, with a view to minimising impacts of
the road construction project on the two World Heritage sites. The Bureau requests the
Centre and IUCN submit a status report on the proposed road construction project,
impacts of the various options available on the two sites and recommendations which
the Bureau could submit to the consideration of the State Party at the twenty-fourth
session of the Bureau in mid-2000.”
Canaima National Park (Venezuela)
26
New information: The full report of the UNESCO/IUCN mission to the site was presented to
the last session of the Bureau which noted and endorsed the following recommendations made
by the mission team:
1.
to encourage the State Party to submit a request for technical assistance to organise and
implement a national workshop on Canaima National Park;
2.
to request the Government to provide increased support to the National Park Institute
(INPARQUES) and the Ministry for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources
(MARNR) and to explore ways to enhance the institutional capacity of these institutions;
3.
that MARNR and INPARQUES should give maximum priority to establishing a buffer
zone around Canaima National Park, including Sierra de Lema;
4.
to recommend that an adequate follow-up to the implementation of the missions Short
Term Action Plan, including the possible revision of the boundaries of the site, be
implemented;
5.
to invite the State Party to submit annual progress reports on the state of conservation of
this site; and
6.
to recommend that the State Party creates mechanisms to promote dialogue between all
relevant stakeholders interested in the conservation and management of this area.
IUCN has recently received information on new conflicts between the Pemons communities
and the National Guard in the Gran Sabana area related to the construction of the power
transmission line that will cross the indigenous peoples’ territories. The Pemons are protesting
against an article released in the national press media on a supposed accord between the
Venezuelan corporation implementing the power line transmission project (CVG) and the
Pemons on an agreement to continue implementing this project. The Pemons have thrown
down a number of poles erected on their lands and are requesting further discussion on this
with the President of Venezuela. Tension is rising between the National Guard and the Pemons
on this issue. IUCN is concerned about the impact that this conflict could generate to the
integrity of this site. At the time of the preparationof this document, a technical co-operation
request had been received from the Venezulian authorities.
“The Bureau recalls the recommendation from the mission report (presented to its
twenty-third session) on the need to create mechanisms to promote dialogue between all
relevant stakeholders, including the Pemon communities, and on the conservation and
management of this area. The Bureau recommends that an Action Plan be developed by
the State Party as soon as possible to follow up on the recommendations of the
mission.”
Ha Long Bay (Vietnam)
International assistance: US$ 28,857 under Technical Co-operation and US$ 24,250 under
Training.
.
27
New information: Since the conclusion of the twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau in
July 1999, the Vietnam authorities, via their letter of 18 August 1999, have transmitted the
following to the Centre:
• Two volumes of the EIA of the Bai Chay Bridge Construction Project which has been
approved by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment (MOSTE) of Vietnam ;
• A draft report on the study on « The Environmental Management for Ha Long Bay
Project » jointly prepared by the Japanese International Co-operation Agency (JICA),
MOSTE and the Quang Ninh Province Government.
These voluminous reports have been transmitted to IUCN for review. In addition, the
Government of Vietnam has re-nominated the Ha Long Bay under natural heritage criterion (i).
The re-nomination will be evaluated by IUCN in the year 2000 and a report submitted to the
twenty-fourth ordinary session of the Bureau in mid-2000.
The World Bank Office in Vietnam has responded to the observations and recommendations of
the twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau, via a letter dated 19 August 1999, and has
indicated that it intends to implement an augmented lending programme for Hai Phong – Ha
Long improvement over the next few years in accordance with the Bank’s Country Assistance
Strategy.
The letter from the Bank, as well as the IUCN report on the site highlights the Bank/IUCN cooperation to prepare a proposal for a GEF Block B grant to develop a marine management
programme for the North Tonkin Archipelago, which includes Ha Long Bay. IUCN Vietnam
has recruited a marine officer from one of the local institutions to assist with the development
of this proposal. The project will implement an integrated management programme for the
Archipelago which will lay the foundation for a model Integrated Coastal Management (ICM)
programme for the region. The project, according to the letter from the Bank Office in Vietnam
will provide for pilot scale development of methods of reducing pollutants carried into the
Archipelago from agriculture, forestry, industrial and urban development activities in the Hai
Phong and the Quang Ninh Provinces. IUCN has informed the Centre that Environment
Australia and the Embassy of the Government of the Netherlands in Hanoi have also been
approached in relation to support for this project. The latter has also been approached to
support other projects, such as the implementation of a project to strengthen the capacity of the
Ha Long Bay Management Department. They have expressed an interest in principle to offer
support for both projects should the request come directly from the Vietnam Government. The
World Bank Office in Vietnam has committed itself to « support and co-ordinate development
and conservation activities made by UNESCO as well as by other donors in the World Heritage
area » (quoted from the letter dated 19 August 1999 from the World Bank Office in Hanoi,
Vietnam, to the Centre). The opening of a new UNESCO Office in Hanoi, Vietnam, in
September 1999, will further facilitate co-ordination of activities in the Ha Long Bay World
Heritage area and regular information gathering with a view to reporting to the Committee and
Bureau sessions.
“The Bureau expresses its satisfaction with the commitment of the World Bank Office
in Hanoi, Vietnam, to co-ordinate conservation and development activities in the Ha
Long Bay World Heritage area. The Bureau invites the State Party to use the rising
donor interest to support the conservation of the Ha Long Bay World Heritage area and
implement measures, in particular, to upgrade the profile, authority and the capacity of
28
the Ha Long Bay Management Department which has the principal responsibility to
manage the World Heritage area as a coastal and marine protected area located in an
area of intensive economic development. The Bureau invites the State Party to submit
annual reports to the extraordinary sessions of the Bureau, highlighting in particular,
measures that are being taken to build capacity for the management of the site and
monitor the environment of Ha Long Bay in accordance with internationally acceptable
standards and norms applicable to a coastal and marine protected area.”
Mosi-oa-Tunya/Victoria Falls (Zambia/Zimbabwe)
International assistance: US$ 7,000 as Preparatory Assistance and US$ 20,000 as Technical Cooperation.
Twenty-second session of the Committee – Chapter VII.27
New information: IUCN’s Regional Office for Southern Africa was intending to organise a
bilateral meeting for 28 July 1999 but it was not held because of lack of funding. IUCN
recommends that a formal request be submitted by the State Parties to fund this meeting in
2000.
The Zimbabwean Department of Physical Planning informed IUCN’s Regional Office for
Southern Africa, i.e. IUCN/ROSA on the status of the Victoria Falls Environmental Capacity
Enhancement and Master Plan. CIDA (Canadian International Development Agency) has
pledged to provide financial and technical support for the implementation of this Master Plan
Project. A Memorandum of Understanding between CIDA and the Government of Zimbabwe
is to be signed in mid-October. The Canadian Executing Agency has been contracted and the
inception phase of the project has begun. IUCN/ROSA and other agencies have been invited to
a preliminary meeting, scheduled for October, to discuss project implementation arrangements
and progress to date. IUCN/ROSA has been co-opted on to the Project Steering Committee for
the Master Plan Project, specifically to represent interests of the Zambia/Zimbabwe Joint
Commission, formed at the time of the Victoria Falls Strategic Environmental Study.
“The Bureau invites the States Parties to expedite the organisation of the bilateral
meeting as soon as possible in 2000 in order to report the outcome of the meeting to the
twenty-fourth session of the Bureau in mid-2000. The Bureau urges the two States
Parties to submit a joint request for financial support for the organisation of the meeting
to the consideration of the Chairperson for approval.”
MIXED (CULTURAL AND NATURAL) HERITAGE
10.
The Bureau at its twenty-third session examined the state of conservation of four mixed
properties. This state of conservation Working Document reports on four mixed properties.
29
Kakadu National Park (Australia)
Inscribed on the World Heritage List: 1981, 1987 and 1992
International assistance:
None
Summary of previous deliberations:
Third extraordinary session of the World Heritage Committee, 12 July 1999 (WHC99/CONF.209/5)
Decision of the third extraordinary session of the World Heritage Committee
concerning Kakadu National Park, Australia
1.
(a)
The Committee,
Emphasizes the importance of Articles 4, 5, 6, 7 and 11 of the 1972 UNESCO
World Heritage Convention. In particular the Committee emphasizes Article 6 (1)
which states that:
Whilst fully respecting the sovereignty of the States on whose territory
the cultural and natural heritage (…) is situated, and without prejudice
to property right provided by national legislation, the States Parties to
this Convention recognize that such heritage constitutes a world heritage
for whose protection it is the duty of the international community as a
whole to co-operate.
(b) Recalls that the twenty-second session of the World Heritage Committee in Kyoto
(1998) expressed “grave concern” over the ascertained and potential dangers to the
World Heritage cultural and natural values of Kakadu National Park posed by the
proposal for uranium mining and milling at Jabiluka;
(c) Notes that the deliberations of the twenty-third session of the Bureau and of the third
extraordinary session of the Committee demand the continuous serious consideration
of the conditions at Kakadu National Park by the Committee with reference to Section
III, in particular Paragraph 86 of the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of
the World Heritage;
(d) Expresses its deep regret that the voluntary suspension of construction of the mine
decline at Jabiluka until the twenty-third session of the Committee (requested by the
twenty-second session of the Committee) has not taken place;
(e) Is gravely concerned about the serious impacts to the living cultural values of
Kakadu National Park posed by the proposal to mine and mill uranium at Jabiluka.
The Committee is of the opinion that confidence and trust building through dialogue
are crucial for there to be any resolution of issues relating to the proposal to mine
and mill uranium at Jabiluka. In particular, a more substantial and continuous
dialogue needs to be established between the Australian Government and the
traditional owners of the Jabiluka Mineral Lease, the Mirrar Aboriginal people;
(f) Is concerned about the lack of progress with the preparation of a cultural heritage
management plan for Jabiluka;
30
(g) Continues to have significant reservations concerning the scientific uncertainties
relating to mining and milling at Jabiluka.
2.
The Committee,
(a) Recognizes, with appreciation, that the Australian Government, Australian
Supervising Scientist, advisory bodies (IUCN, ICOMOS and ICCROM) and
independent scientific panel (ISP) established by the International Council of
Science (ICSU) have provided the reports requested by the twenty-second session of
the Committee (Kyoto, 1998);
(b) Acknowledges that there are indications that a new dialogue between the Mirrar
Aboriginal people and the Australian Government has begun in relation to issues
concerning the Jabiluka uranium mine and mill. The Committee considers this to be
an essential step in finding a constructive solution to the issues raised by the
UNESCO mission to Kakadu National Park and encourages the Australian
Government to intensify their efforts in this regard and pursue with vigor the
deepening of its dialogue with the Mirrar Aboriginal people;
(c) Notes that the Australian Government has stated (in document WHC99/CONF.205/INF.3G entitled “Protecting Kakadu National Park” submitted by the
Australian Government) that “full scale commercial mining at Jabiluka would only be
reached about 2009 following the scaling down of production at the Ranger mine so
that two mines would not be in full production simultaneously”. The Committee
further notes that the Minister for Environment and Heritage has stated that there shall
be no parallel commercial scale operation of the Ranger and Jabiluka uranium mines
located in enclaves surrounded by, but not included, in Kakadu National Park. The
Committee considers that it is the clear responsibility of the Australian Government to
regulate the activities of a private company, such as Energy Resources of Australia,
Inc, in relation to the proposed mining and milling activities at Jabiluka to ensure the
protection of the World Heritage values of Kakadu National Park;
(d) Notes that the Australian Supervising Scientist (ASS) has assessed the report of the
independent scientific panel (ISP) established by the International Council of
Science (ICSU) and seeks a dialogue with the ISP to resolve outstanding questions
relating to scientific issues concerning mining and milling at Jabiluka.
3.
With consideration of 1 and 2 above, the Committee will remain vigilant in
reviewing and assessing the progress made by the Australian Government. To
this end the Committee requests that the Australian Government submit a
progress report on the following issues by 15 April 2000 for examination by the
twenty-fourth session of the Bureau of the World Heritage Committee:
(a) progress made with cultural mapping of the Jabiluka Mineral Lease and the
Boyweg-Almudj site and its boundaries and the completion of the cultural heritage
management plan with the necessary co-operation of the Mirrar, and appropriate
involvement of other stakeholders and ICOMOS and ICCROM;
(b) progress in the implementation, in response to the Kakadu Region Social Impact
Study (KRSIS), of a comprehensive package of social and welfare benefits, together
31
with the Northern Territory Government, for the benefit of the Aboriginal
communities of Kakadu (including the Mirrar);
(c) more precise details of the output and scale of any parallel activities at the Ranger
and Jabiluka uranium mines as well as on any legal provisions taken in that respect.
4.
To resolve the remaining scientific issues, such as those raised in the ISP report, the
Committee asks ICSU to continue the work of the ISP (with the addition of any additional
members) to assess, in co-operation with the Supervising Scientist and IUCN, the
Supervising Scientist’s response to the ISP report. The report of the ISP’s assessment
should be submitted to the World Heritage Centre by 15 April 2000 for examination by
the twenty-fourth session of the Bureau of the World Heritage Committee in 2000.
New information:
The decision of the third extraordinary session of the Committee on 12 July
1999 (see above) concerning the state of conservation of Kakadu National Park was transmitted to
all members of the Committee and the advisory bodies on 9 August 1999.
The Centre received a fax dated 13 August 1999 from the Gundjehmi Aboriginal Corporation
forwarding a copy of a letter from Ms Yvonne Margarula (Chairperson of the Gundjehmi
Aboriginal Corporation and Senior Traditional Owner of the Mirrar Aboriginal clan) to the
Minister for Environment and Heritage in Australia. Ms Margarula's letter referred to further
drilling by Energy Resources of Australia Ltd. (ERA) within an area described as the "BoywegAlmudj Sacred Site Complex". She called for the immediate halt to the drilling programme until
the completion of an inquiry under the 1984 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage
Protection Act and the Cultural Heritage Management Plan. The Director of the Centre transmitted
a copy of Ms Margarula's letter to the Permanent Delegation of Australia to UNESCO seeking
clarification and comment concerning the information contained in the letter.
Under cover of a fax of 16 September 1999 a copy of the Minister's reply to Ms Margarula of 9
September 1999 was sent to the Chairperson of the Committee. The Minister's letter noted Ms
Margarula's concerns in relation to the drilling programme and stated that ERA was operating
consistently with the commitments the Minister had made to the third extraordinary session of the
Committee. The Minister stated that he had been informed that when the core sampling was
complete, ERA would be placing the mine at Jabiluka on a stand-by and environmental
monitoring management basis.
In a letter dated 7 October 1999 the Minister informed the Centre that underground drill
sampling at the proposed Jabiluka mine site was completed on 14 September 1999. The
Minister also reported that he had nominated a prominent lawyer to conduct the inquiry
concerning the area described as the "Boyweg-Almudj Sacred Site Complex" under Section 10
of the 1984 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act. The Minister also
informed the Centre of on-going discussions with the Gundjehmi Aboriginal Corporation and
with the Chairman of the Kakadu Region Social Impact Study (KRSIS).
On 15 October 1999, the Centre received a report from the Gundjehmi Aboriginal Corporation
indicating that the Mirrar had withdrawn their application for emergency and permanent
protection of the "Boyweg-Almudj Sacred Site Complex" on 13 October 1999, quoting the
"absolute failure of the Australian Government to address Mirrar concerns about lack of
meaningful participation in the assessment process."
32
The Gundjehmi Aboriginal Corporation concluded their report by claiming that there has been
a failure of process under Australian legislation, and requested that ICOMOS and ICCROM
representatives visit in the near future to assist in the development of a “World’s Best Practice”
sacred site assessment process. They believe that Australian legislative processes have been
exhausted, and request assistance from ICOMOS and ICCROM in the completion of baseline
anthropological studies to be used in the preparation of the Cultural Heritage Management
Plan.
On receipt of the report referred to above, the Director of the Centre invited the State Party to
provide comments on the information received from the Gundjehmi Aboriginal Corporation.
With reference to paragraph 4 of the decision of the third extraordinary session of the
Committee, the Centre received a letter from the Australian Supervising Scientist on 21
October 1999 outlining suggestions as to how to proceed with the assessment of the remaining
scientific issues. The Supervising Scientist also expressed his concern that there may be
insufficient time prior to 15 April 2000 for completion of the necessary work program given
the delay in the continuation of the work of the Independent Scientific Panel of ICSU. The
Supervising Scientist’s letter was forwarded to the Chairperson, ICSU and IUCN for their
information.
On 25 October 1999 the Centre received a letter from the Secretary of Environment Australia
providing a report on progress made since the third extraordinary session of the Committee.
The concise report recalls that a formal report will be submitted in April 2000 in accordance
with the request of the third extraordinary session of the Committee. In addition, the
Secretary's report responds to claims made in the report of the Gundjehmi Aboriginal
Corporation (referred to above) concerning the application made under Section 10 of the 1984
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act for a declaration of protection
for an area described as the “Boyweg-Almudj Sacred Site Complex”. The Secretary's report
provides a timeline detailing the steps taken by the Australian Government in considering the
Section 10 application and states that every step in the process has been consistent with the
requirements of Australian law and the commitments made by the Government to the third
extraordinary session of the Committee. In summary the Secretary's report highlighted the
following results:
•
•
•
•
Drilling at Jabiluka has ceased
Discussions have taken place on the future implementation of the Kakadu Regional
Social Impact Study (KRSIS)
Processes under Australian law have not failed nor have they been exhausted. Work
on resolving the cultural issues has been delayed due to the termination by the
Mirrar of a process (the application for a declaration of protection under Section 10
of the 1984 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act for an
area described as the “Boyweg-Almudj Sacred Site Complex”) which would have
provided valuable preparatory work for the Cultural Heritage Management Plan.
The Secretary of Environment Australia notes that it is unfortunate that recent
claims on the boundaries, depth and significance of Boyweg-Almudj will now not
be examined through the Section 10 reporting process.
Key stakeholders have been invited to participate in the development of projects to
contribute to the Cultural Heritage Management Plan. ICOMOS has been invited to
participate and the Australian Government equally supports the involvement of
ICCROM.
33
The Secretary's letter also referred to ERA as having indicated that it will implement the
commitments agreed by Australia at the third extraordinary session of the Committee. He noted
that this would be supported by legally binding arrangements between the Commonwealth and
Northern Territory governments.
Furthermore, the Secretary expressed his disappointment that the delay in the commencement of
the assessment of the remaining scientific issues may make it impossible for the ISP of ICSU and
the Supervising Scientist to provide the Committee with further advice by the 15 April 2000.
Finally, the Secretary of Environment Australia informed the Centre that the Aboriginal traditional
owners of the Koongarra mine site (located within an enclave in the southern portion of Kakadu
National Park) had recently instructed the Northern [Aboriginal] Land Council (NLC) to continue
negotiating an agreement with the mining company (Koongarra Ltd). The Secretary informed the
Centre that an agreement between Koongarra Ltd and the NLC is a necessary pre-requisite to the
grant of an exploration license and is required under Northern Territory law. He noted that
negotiations in relation to Koongarra have been taking place for about 22 years and that the NLC
has the agreement of the Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs for an extension
of the statutory negotiating period until 28 January 2000.
The letter of the Secretary of Environment Australia was forwarded to the Chairperson, the
Advisory Bodies and ICSU for their information.
Action required:
The Bureau may wish to transmit the above report, and further information made
available at the time of the Bureau, to the Committee for noting.
Tasmanian Wilderness (Australia)
Year of inscription on the World Heritage List: 1982 and 1989
Twenty-second session of the Committee: Chapter VII.30 and page 101 of Annex IV
Twenty-third session of the Bureau– Chapter IV.48
New information: The twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau, in July 1999, requested the
Australian Government to inform the Centre of (i) any potential boundary extensions that may be
foreseen together with a timetable for the implementation of the Regional Forestry Agreement
(RFA); (ii) its assessment of the implications of the RFA on other areas identified as having
World Heritage value and (iii) the potential impacts on forest catchments in the World Heritage
site of other areas which may be logged under the RFA.
The Minister for Environment and Heritage in Australia in a letter dated 14 September 1999
transmitted the response of the Australian Government to the Bureau's request to the Centre. The
Centre has provided a copy of the Minister's letter to IUCN and the Australian Committee for
IUCN (ACIUCN) as had been requested by the twenty-third session of the Bureau. The letter
indicates that the Australian Government's priority is in enhancing the management regime for the
existing World Heritage property and ensuring that all World Heritage values are protected.
34
Boundary extensions are not being actively considered at this stage. In his letter the Minister notes
the concerns expressed by IUCN relating to logging activities and provides assurances that he will
take the necessary steps to protect World Heritage values if he was to consider they were being
damaged. The Australian Government considers that the issues associated with World Heritage
were adequately addressed by the RFA and that it provides for the ecologically sustainable
management of forests in Tasmania.
The Minister's letter provides information on the recently completed 1999 Tasmanian Wilderness
World Heritage Area Management Plan developed by the Tasmanian Parks and Wildlife Service.
The Management Plan has been ratified by both the Tasmanian and Commonwealth Governments
and presents a framework that includes the fostering of management practices in lands adjacent to
the World Heritage Area to adequately protect the values of the property. The Minister has also
informed the Centre that a new Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999,
which will come into effect no later than July 2000.
IUCN has informed the Centre that the Australian Committee of IUCN (ACIUCN) proposes to
complete an assessment of the conservation status for the Tasmanian Wilderness within the
next year. IUCN notes and commends the recently completed 1999 Tasmanian Wilderness
World Heritage Area Management Plan, and recommends that its effectiveness be regularly
monitored over time.
IUCN notes and supports, in principle, the 1997 Tasmanian Regional Forestry Agreement
(RFA) process as it represents a significant step towards a comprehensive, adequate and
representative reserve system, as well as potentially providing the basis for the ecologically
sustainable management of forests in Tasmania. IUCN also notes that the RFA consolidates
relationships between state and federal governments on matters affecting the World Heritage
site relating to policy, management and funding.
IUCN considers it is important that options for any future extension of the World Heritage
property should not be foreclosed. IUCN thus considers that areas of the dedicated RFA
reserve system which have been previously identified as having World Heritage value should
be managed in a manner consistent with potential World Heritage status.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to transmit the above report to the Committee for
examination and recommend the following for adoption:
“The Committee requests the Australian Committee for IUCN (ACIUCN) to complete
its review process on the state of conservation of the Tasmanian Wilderness and submit
an up-to-date report to the twenty-fourth session of the Bureau in 2000. ACIUCN's
review should include reference to any continuing concerns, such as those noted at the
twenty-third ordinary session of the Bureau, and suggestions relating to any future
extension of the World Heritage property and the management of areas of the dedicated
RFA reserve system which have been previously identified as having World Heritage
value.
The Committee commends the State Party for the recent completion of the 1999
Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area Management Plan, and recommends that
its effectiveness be regularly monitored over time.”
35
Mount Emei and Leshan Giant Buddha (China)
International assistance: US$20,000 under Technical Co-operation (1999)
Previous deliberations: None
New information: At the time of its inscription at the twentieth session, the Committee
recommended that the Chinese authorities carefully control tourism development at the site and
encourage involvement of the Buddhist monasteries in conservation activities on the mountain.
Recently, IUCN has been informed that the construction of the tourist light railway between
Golden Summit and the main summit of Emei Shan (Wanfoding) has resumed and is well
advanced. On 22 September 1999, the World Heritage Centre requested the Chinese
authorities to provide further information on the latest progress with this incompatible
development. No written correspondence has however been received by the Secretariat.
“The Bureau requests the State Party submit to the World Heritage Centre, before 15
April 2000, a state of conservation report on developments at this site.”
Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu (Peru)
International assistance: Between 1987 and 1992 an amount of approximately US$ 50,000 was
allocated to assist the Peruvian authorities in the preparation of a Master Plan for Machu Picchu.
Twenty-second session of the Committee - Chapter VII.29
Twenty-third session of the Bureau - Chapter IV.50
New information: The Bureau at its twenty-third session requested the World Heritage Centre,
IUCN and ICOMOS to undertake a mission to Machu Picchu.
The mission will take place from 17 to 25 October 1999. The results of the mission will be
presented to the Bureau during its session.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to examine information that will be provided at
the time of its session and take the appropriate decision thereupon.
CULTURAL HERITAGE
11.
At its twenty-third session, the Bureau examined the state of conservation of thirty-six
cultural properties inscribed on the World Heritage List. This state of conservation Working
Document reports on thirty-four cultural properties.
36
Africa
Ashanti Traditional Buildings (Ghana)
In 1997, US$ 47 000 was approved to implement an in situ Training programme, which
allowed to:
• make an overall condition survey of the 10 shrines that the property comprises,
• gather documentation on the state of conservation of each shrine,
• carry out “first aid” works that would prevent further destruction, mainly at Adarko Jachi,
but also at Abirim and Asenemanso,
• establish recommendations for measures to be taken and activities to be carried out to
ensure the good state of conservation of the sites,
• acquire a motorcycle that would allow regular inspections.
Previous deliberation:
Twenty-first extraordinary session of the Bureau - Chapter III.C.c.
Satisfied with the results of the in-situ pilot training activity and recognising the need to
reformulate the conservation plan to involve the local populations, the Bureau congratulated the
Ghana authorities and encouraged them to prepare a conservation plan for entire site.
New information: This WHC programme was continued in 1998, reinforced by a technical
assistance provided by the French Embassy in Ghana which allowed to:
• continue the implementation of preventive conservation measures on all sites,
• restore Besease shrine and open it to the public
• launch an awareness and promotional campaign
• also involve local communities, and the university
In 1999, the French Embassy funded activities, which aimed at:
• the reinforcement of the awareness and promotional activities,
• the establishment of the management committee for the Besease Shrine, which includes
representatives of local communities,
• the evaluation of the needs in terms of regular maintenance for all the buildings,
• a preliminary research programme for the restoration of the bas-reliefs.
Three French companies have provided funds for the publication of a booklet, based on the
exhibition presented in Besease. The booklet has officially been launched by the “Asantehene”
(the King of Asante) and the French Ambassador. A first set of 1500 copies will be provided to
GMMB regional office, as a way of reinforcing the revolving fund already established with the
edition of postcards and T.Shirts. Benefits of these sales, together with the fees collected at
Besease are a first step towards sustainability, but the current revenues remain too low and a
serious increase of visitors is still required to attain full sustainability.
Much has been achieved over the last three years. However, the situation of the property remains
quite fragile as it suffers regularly from heavy rains, calling for continual maintenance in a
systematic way. This should be carried out within the framework of an overall management plan
which would particularly focus on finding sources of revenues for its implementation, based on
the evaluation of a full year of activity of the Besease Shrine as a financial resource, new possible
(and desired locally) development/investments.
37
“The Bureau notes with satisfaction the progress achieved for the improvement of the state
of conservation of the property, and the efforts undertaken for the development of
promotional activities, and its attempts to generate revenues to achieve sustainability.
However, it requests the Ghana Museums and Monuments Board to proceed with the
preparation of an overall management plan as soon as possible and report to the
Committee at its twenty-fifth session.”
Island of Mozambique (Mozambique)
International assistance: Contribution of US$ 20,000 from the World Heritage Fund in 1995.
Thanks to a contribution from the Fund, a "Programme for Sustainable Human Development
and Integral Conservation" was prepared and funded since 1996, as follows:.
UNDP –US$ 300,000 (over the period 1997-1999),
UNESCO Regular Programme – US$ 100,000,
European Union –US$ 100,000
A post of an Associate Expert in Maputo for 30 months (September 1997 to February 2000) is
funded by the Finnish Government.
Moreover, in August 1999 the Chairperson approved arequest for Emergency Assistance for
US$ 50,000, in order to halt deterioration and restore the social function of the central Market
in the Stone Town. UNESCO’s associate expert in Mozambique has prepared, in co-operation
with the Municipality, a local architect and a construction company, under UNDP funds
earmarked for the Island, a complete architectural study for its restoration. The newly elected
Municipality has halted the human made deteriorations by cleaning the area, and started the
restoration of the supporting columns, and has purchased roofing sheets. However, local funds
earmarked for the project proved insufficient to complete the project.
Twenty-second session of the World Heritage Committee - Chapter VII.36:
The Committee requested the authorities to report at its twenty-third session on the results of the
donor's meeting and on the progress made in the implementation of the "Programme for
Sustainable Human Development and Integral Conservation".
New information: As a result of the Programme for Sustainable Human Development and
Integral Conservation, 50 micro-projects in such areas as: water and sanitation, tourism
development and heritage restoration, were developed with the co-operation of local experts.
These projects were presented at the Donors’ meeting organised in Maputo by the Ministry of
Culture, as well as UNESCO and UNDP offices on 30 June 1999.
The results of the Donors’ meeting in Maputo can be commendable in terms of:
•
A positive and committed attitude by the Government of Mozambique in the persons of the
Prime Minister and the Minister of Culture and the Regional Governor of Napula to
consider the Island a priority project, and to issue a special decree on the Special Status for
38
the Island and the establishment of an inter-ministerial group under the auspices of the
Ministry of Culture.
•
A positive, interested and enthusiastic attitude by the private sector of Mozambique to
participate in the funding of some components and the execution of the proposed
programme and its projects, and also an interest and alliance by national business groups
other than the tourism private sector to actively be involved in specific issues of the built,
cultural and socio-religious aspect of the Island.
•
Positive reactions from bilateral donors e.g. Portugal, France, Norway, Finland,
Netherlands, Switzerland, Egypt, among others, who are presently studying ways and
means to contribute to the Programme.
•
Interest by the World Bank to include Ilha Mozambique in existing projects of coastal
management, transport, if the requests are established according to the modus operandi of
the World Bank i.e. Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
•
Interest and commitment by a number of international foundations e.g. Aga Khan-Lisbon,
to participate in social/health projects. And interest and project identification missions to
finance micro projects from a number of NGO’s and foundations (e.g. Prince Claus Fund –
The Hague, World Monument Fund, Gulbenkian Foundation and foundations in Brazil).
•
Interest and wish of various World Heritage cities e.g. Bergen, Evora, Bern, among others,
to collaborate at the local level.
•
During 1999, several micro projects have been completed with the European Union and
UNESCO contributions, and a number of public spaces in the Stone Town have been cleared
and renovated. For the first time the population living in the Macuti (African city) is using the
public spaces of the Portuguese city.
the Committee for noting :
“The Bureau congratulates the Mozambican authorities for their efforts to preserve the
Ilha de Mozambique by taking into account the social and economic aspects of the site
and the successful donor’s meeting, and calls upon the donor’s community to provide a
wide support to this endeavour, by making contributions to the UNDP-UNESCO Trust
Fund, or by implementing projects on a bilateral basis, or by taking into account the
Programme for Sustainable Human Development and Integral Conservation in order to
achieve better synergy with the projects that have already been funded.”
Arab States
Islamic Cairo (Egypt)
International Assistance
1979: US$ 30,000 for technical services and equipment;
1981: US$ 30,000 for technical services and equipment;
1992: US$ 50,000 Emergency Assistance following the earthquake;
39
1995: US$ 30,000 Restoration of a monument;
1997: US$14,900 Preparatory assistance for the conception of a global revitalization
programme;
1999: US$ 120,000 for the first phase of the revitalization programme
1.
Rehabilitation of Islamic Cairo
At its twenty-third session, the Bureau took note of the support of the international community
for this project and encouraged its continuation. It requested the Secretariat to provide the
Committee with a detailed report on the actions undertaken in 1999.
2.
Al-Azhar Mosque
At its twenty-third session, the Bureau requested the State Party to invite an ICOMOS mission
to evaluate the state of conservation of the monument.
New information
1.
Rehabilitation of Islamic Cairo (documentation available at the twenty-third session).
In 1999, the co-operation programme for the revitalization of Islamic Cairo was
initiated. It was carried out throughout the year along three principal themes:
1.1
Co-ordination of interventions:
This co-ordination must operate through the intermediary of structures already set up
by the State:
- a Ministerial Committee chaired by the Prime Minister, responsible for planning and
decision-making,
- an Executive Committee chaired by the Governor of Cairo, responsible for the
supervision of all the interventions at the site.
Provision has been made for an advisor to be attached to the Ministerial Committee and a
technical co-ordinator to the Executive Committee. The latter, Mr T. Abdallah, Director of the
Engineering Centre for Archaeology and Environment (University of Cairo), was chosen in
agreement with the national authorities. Since May 1999, he participates on a regular basis in
the meetings of the Executive Committee, where he ensures a coherence of ongoing actions and
their complementarity.
An Adviser – a post for which several Egyptian candidates have been identified - will soon be
nominated to the Interministerial Committee. His role will be to pilot the planification unit of
the Committee and to ensure smooth co-ordination, at the highest level, between the
international and national partners. He will also contribute his expertise to the evaluation of the
revitalization policy and the harmonious planning of the projects.
1.2
Identification of pilot projects
Beforehand, an identification of the different kinds and origins of interventions was
successfully carried out. This provided a better knowledge of the site and an
understanding of the needs and possibilities.
Taking into account the ongoing infrastructural projects and the different ongoing and
future activities for rehabilitation, three priority areas have been identified, the north,
the centre and the south of the site, all three being urban zones (excluding the City of
the Dead and the Citadelle). Infrastructural work and the rehabilitation of monuments
has already occurred or is ongoing in each of these areas to the optimal benefit of the
chosen areas.
40
Therefore, the first pilot project to begin is the south part of the site, where France, cofinancing with the World Heritage Fund, has undertaken the restoration of the Beit
Sinnari.
Preliminary studies to extend of the rehabiliation process to the public
spaces of the area (roads, cables, tertiary waters) facades and its other monuments,
began in August. Beit Sinnari will be rehabilitated during 2000 and the work will begin
in the area with the participation of the inhabitants.
A second pilot project could be rapidly initiated in the northern part of the site, very
close to the wall, between the first one and the rehabilitation project of Beit Suhaymi,
undertaken with funding from the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development.
This second pilot project will be more difficult to implement due to the complexity of
the area: high density of monuments in an area inhabited by migrants whose artisanal
activities have greatly degraded the buildings.
1.3
Legal aspects and regulations for protection - Information
In spite of the existence of a law on antiquities and the presence of the Supreme Council
of Antiquities, no firm legal and regulatory framework exists for the protection of
historic
areas. This lacune renders the protection of the site of Islamic Cairo
particularly difficult. The situation is all the more complex because of an obsolescent
rent law with its consequent effects upon the maintenance of the houses. The ownership
of a certain number of buildings used for housing or commercial purposes by the
religious authorities limits the possibility of intervention. All these aspects were the
subject of working sessions in which the UNESCO mission and the Technical Coordinator have participated. Improved protection measures around the monuments and
stricter regulations concerning the foundations, infrastructure, electricity and facades
have been approved by the Governor of Cairo.
Furthermore, this work will continue and be strengthened by the development of
restoration and renovation modalities for religious property and the re-use of
monuments. An information campaign on the site will also be initiated.
2.
Al-Azhar Mosque
ICOMOS has foreseen a monitoring mission on the state of conservation of the
monument which should be carried out in November and December 1999. The State
Party has been informed but, at the date of the preparation of this report, no response
has been received.
Additional information will be provided orally.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to adopt the following text and
transmit it to the Committee for noting:
«The Committee thanks the national authorities and the international community
for its commitment in supporting this important and complex site. The
Committee wishes to remind the State Party of the need to ensure the continuity
of the long-term action for the success of the safeguarding and revitalization of
Islamic Cairo. It encourages the State Party to continue its direct and indirect
financial contributions to the project.»
41
Byblos (Lebanon)
1998 : US$ 10,000 in cost-sharing with Delft University of Technology (The Netherlands) for
the preparation of a management plan.
New information: Additional information will be provided orally on the basis of the results of
the Second International Seminar (10-14 November 1999, Byblos).
Action required: The Committee may wish to examine information that will be
provided at the time of its session and take the appropriate decision thereupon.
Tyre (Lebanon)
Twenty-second session of the Committee - Chapter VII.43
New information: The International Scientific Committee (ISC) for the Campaign for Tyre met
in Lebanon from 14 to 17 June 1999. Following an examination of the situation at the site and
the development plans of the City of Tyre, prepared by the Lebanese authorities, the Committee
expressed concerns about:
a) the risk of densification and engorgement of the city, including its archaeological zone, if the
development plans are implemented as foreseen;
b) the total absence of buffer zones around the area inscribed as World Heritage and the
development of rapid and uncontrolled construction adjacent to the site.
The International Scientific Committee recently recommended that the urgent
appropriate measures be taken to safeguard the site:
•
the adoption of an urban city planning to ensure the safeguard of archaeological zones and
legal measures regulating the coherent integration and development of urban areas;
•
in the absence of buffer zones, the protection of archaeological buildings be ensured
through the creation of a green belt to separate them in a visible manner from the built-up
area.
for examination and recommend the following for adoption:
“The Committee thanks the Lebanese Government for their co-operation in the
preservation of the City of Tyre. In view of the serious and persistent threats to the
42
safeguarding of the site, the Committee requests that the recommendations of the
International Scientific Committee be urgently implemented, particularly the adoption
of a city management plan to ensure the safeguarding of the archaeological zones as
well as their protection through the creation of an appropriate landscape design. The
Committee also requests the authorities to appoint a national co-ordinator and open a
national account for the International Safeguarding Campaign as it was agreed with
UNESCO, and recalled in the letter dated 7 July 1999, from the Director-General to the
Minister of Culture.”
Asia and the Pacific
Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian (China)
•
Emergency Assistance: World Heritage Bureau, seventeenth extraordinary session
approved US$ 26,000 to prevent the collapse of some of the Caves damaged by heavy
rains in 1992-1993
•
Technical Co-operation: In March 1998, a request (US$ 20,000) to purchase computer
equipment to implement a sub-project within the Assistance-Ethno/UNESCO/Chinese
Academy of Sciences (Project for Rehabilitation, Protection and Conservation of the
Peking Man Site) was received and transmitted to ICCROM and ICOMOS for
evaluation. But the State Party agreed to delay approval pending the results of an
ICOMOS/ICCROM reactive monitoring mission to ensure overall coherence with
other on-going work.
World Heritage Bureau, eighteenth session - Chapter VII.21
World Heritage Committee, twentieth session - Chapter VII.47
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-third ordinary session - Chapter IV.52
New information: In January 1999, the Chinese authorities welcomed this suggestion for a Joint
ICCROM-ICOMOS mission. The World Heritage Centre transmitted the EDF (Electricite de
France) Report on the “Results of geological and geophysical research of Peking Man Site” to
the ICOMOS and ICCROM experts prior to their mission, which took place between 13-17
September 1999, as requested by the Bureau at its twenty-third session. The findings of the
ICOMOS-ICCROM joint mission will be presented at the twenty-third extraordinary session of
the Bureau.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to formulate a decision upon examining the
findings and recommendations of the ICOMOS-ICCROM joint mission.
The Potala Palace, Lhasa (China)
World Heritage Bureau, twentieth session - Chapter III.19
43
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-second extraordinary session - Chapter III.C
World Heritage Committee, twenty-second session - Chapter VII.43
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-third session - Chapter IV.53
New information: In anticipation of the extension of the boundaries of the World Heritage site
of the Potala Palace to include the Jokhang Temple and the Barkhor historic area, as requested
by the State Party in July 1999 in response to the 1994 recommendation of the Committee, the
national and local authorities have enhanced their efforts in the documentation and
conservation of the monumental and urban heritage of the proposed extension area.
Collaboration with international non-governmental organizations, international universities and
local authorities linkage activities have been strengthened in these areas. The active
participation of the Lhasa Municipality in the Suzhou International Conference for the Mayors
of Historic Cities of China and the European Union (April 1998) organized by the Centre and
the Ministry of Construction of China, and other activities within the framework of the Centre’s
Special Programme for the Cities of Asia are noteworthy. A delegation from the Tibet
Autonomous Region (TAR) visited Norway in October 1999 under the framework of the TibetNorway University Network Co-operation scheme to determine the next series of co-operation
activities, some of which are proposed to be in association with the World Heritage Centre. The
organization of a technical workshop with support from UNESCO and NIKU (Norwegian
Conservation Institute), has been proposed to (1) review the Old Lhasa Historical Map, a
Norwegian supported project carried out since 1996, and (2) to impart with recent mural
painting conservation skills through an on-the-job training workshop to restore the paintings of
Lukhang Temple of the Potala Palace.
In view of continued incidents of illegal demolition and inappropriate reconstructions in the
Barkhor historic area, mainly by private and business concerns, the Centre and the State Party
are currently discussing measures to raise awareness and respect for conservation among the
local population.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to adopt the following decision and transmit it
to the Committee for noting:
“The Bureau expresses appreciation for enhanced international co-operation for the
conservation of the monumental and urban heritage of the historic area of Barkhor,
notably the long-term support offered by the Norwegian authorities and universities.
The Bureau takes note of the proposed training activities in urban conservation planning
and mural painting restoration with the involvement of UNESCO and the Norwegian
Conservation Institute (NIKU) among others. The Bureau recalls the interest expressed
by ICCROM and ICOMOS in these activities and requests the State Party to consider
their involvement, especially in training activities. The Bureau expresses its readiness to
consider international assistance from the World Heritage Fund to support the national
and local efforts in these areas and requests the World Heritage Centre to work in close
collaboration with the State Party. »
Groups of Monuments at Hampi (India)
44
New information: Following the decision of the Bureau at its twenty-third session, a reactive
monitoring mission was undertaken by a World Heritage Centre staff to Hampi in October
1999, in close co-operation with the State Party. The mission discovered that two cablesuspended modern bridges, instead of one, had been partially constructed within the protected
archaeological area of Hampi. Moreover, the mission was informed that a historic mandapa
(pillared stone rest-house) on the bank of the Tungabhadra River within the Anegundi village,
located in the World Heritage protected site, and administered by the State Government of
Karnataka (as per the Mysore Ancient and Historical Monuments and Archaeological Sites and
Remains Act & Rules, 1961 & 1962), had been dismantled and reconstructed to make way for
the road leading off the vehicle bridge being construction.
The mission noted that both bridges impact negatively on the World Heritage site in the following
manner:
(i)
The large-scale two-way bridge for vehicular traffic connects the archaeological and
historic areas of the ancient capitals of Anegundi and Hampi. The second foot-bridge
connects the ancient monuments and sites of Virapapura Gada Island and Hampi,
leading directly adjacent to the important Virupaksha Temple in Hampi. Both bridges
dominate the extraordinary natural environment and rural setting, threatening the
integrity of the World Heritage site.
(ii)
The dislocation and reconstruction of an important historical monument within the
protected area signifies serious problems in the implementation of existing cultural
heritage legislation and policies which points to the need for corrective measures to
ensure the authenticity of the site.
(iii)
Vehicular traffic, especially of large trucks transporting both agricultural produce and
industrial material between eleven villages and major cities surrounding the site,
including large iron ore industries, will increase dramatically as the new bridge will
enable a short-cut for all traffic traversing the Tungabhadra River. The road leading
from the large bridge construction site already passes through the important
Harishankara Gateway in Hampi, but further increase in traffic, especially those of
heavy-duty trucks will augment the risk of collision into 15th and 16th century historic
monuments and ancient archaeological remains located along the roadside. Moreover,
increased traffic will hamper, if not render impossible, archaeological research and
excavation in significant areas within the World Heritage site, as well as causing
negative impact on the local inhabitants, tourists and visitors to the site.
(iv)
The second cable-stayed foot-bridge will connect the historic monuments and
archaeological remains of Hampi and Virapapura Gada Island, the latter declared as a
protected area under the State Government of Karnataka’s protective legislation. The
mission was informed that the construction of this second bridge was part of a tourism
development plan of a private developer. In view of the remains of a 16th century
aqueduct and ancient canal system leading from the Virapapura Gada Island, both
national and international archaeologists fear that the implementation of the current
tourism development plan will irreversibly damage the archaeological remains for
future scientific research or documentation of the sites on Virapapura Gada Island.
45
The mission held consultations with the Chief Secretary, Additional Chief Secretary and
representatives of the relevant authorities of the State Government of Karnataka. The mission also
discussed the state of conservation of the Hampi site with the Additional Director-General and
Hampi site-managers of the Archaeological Survey of India. It was evident that a comprehensive
needs-assessment of the local communities, heritage protection, and sustainable tourism
development supported by sound data analysis had not been undertaken before the decision was
taken to construct the bridges. The mission noted that feasibility studies to identify alternative
locations and designs of the bridges, including the possible rehabilitation of the 16th century stone
bridges connecting Hampi, Anegundi and Virapapura Gada Island, were not undertaken prior to
the implementation of the works underway.
The mission was informed that the construction of the bridges had temporarily been halted in July
1999 following the decision of the Bureau and was assured that immediate action would be taken
to protect the World Heritage value of the site. The mission provided assistance in the preparation
of an emergency assistance request to enable urgent action and to initiate the preparation of a
comprehensive conservation, management and development plan. It is to be noted that the
elaboration of a management plan had been recommended by UNESCO and ICOMOS experts
since the inscription of the site on the World Heritage List in 1986. Discussions were also held
with State Party representatives on the nomination of this site on the List of World Heritage in
Danger, for consideration by the World Heritage Committee at its twenty-third session.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to examine further information provided by the
Secretariat at the time of its twenty-third extraordinary session and take a decision
thereupon.
Churches and Convents of Goa (India)
New information: To follow-up on the decision of the Bureau at its twenty-third session, a
World Heritage Centre staff carried out a mission to the World Heritage site of Goa in October
1999 as part of the reactive monitoring mission to the region. The mission was informed by the
concerned authorities of the State Government of Goa that the planned project for upgrading
and extending the National Road No. 4 had been modified following the Bureau’s decision, and
the current plan is to divert the National Road No. 4 to ensure that the urban development plan
would not impact upon the World Heritage values and morphology of the site. The concerned
authority requested the World Heritage Committee to examine the new proposal to ensure that
the World Heritage value of the site is fully preserved. This new plan with relevant
documentation will be transmitted to ICOMOS and ICCROM for comments at the time of the
twenty-third extraordinary session of the Bureau.
With regard to the project proposal prepared by the Centre in January 1999 for funding
consideration under the European Commission’s Asia-Urbs programme based on co-operation
between the local authorities of Old Goa (India), Guimareas (Portugal) and Brighton & Hove
(UK) and technical expertise from the Portuguese Direction-General for National Monuments
and Edifices (DGEMN), the Municipality of Panaji and the Panchayat of Old Goa are currently
46
examining the project in detail with the Archaeological Survey of India and all the relevant
authorities of the State Government of Goa. If approved, the project should enable the
provision of much needed technical support to elaborate an urban conservation plan based on
spatial organization and landscaping of the site which will respect the historic urban form of
this former port town.
During the mission, the Archaeological Survey of India was encouraged to prepare and submit
an international assistance request for making a thorough evaluation of the conservation needs
of each monument, including conservation-training requirements, following the decision of the
Bureau at its twenty-third session.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to examine additional information provided by
ICOMOS and ICCROM at the time of its twenty-third extraordinary session and
transmit the following with appropriate modifications to the Committee for noting;
“The Bureau takes note of the report of the Secretariat and the advisory bodies and
expresses its appreciation for the new plan proposed by the State Government of Goa for
diverting the National Road No. 4 to ensure that the much needed public works do not
undermine the integrity of the World Heritage site of the Churches and Convents of Goa.
The Bureau requests the World Heritage Centre to continue assisting the relevant
authorities in addressing the conservation needs of the monuments and historic urban
fabric composing the World Heritage site. The Bureau encourages the local, regional and
national authorities concerned to continue to follow-up on the decision of the Bureau at its
twenty-third session, and to submit a report on the actions taken by 15 April 2000 for
examination by the Bureau at its twenty-fourth session.”
Sun Temple of Konarak (India)
International assistance: Emergency Assistance 1997: US$ 39,000: Thorough structural study
to determine the most appropriate emergency measures to be undertaken, following the serious
land subsidence due to unusually heavy monsoon rain. At the time of submission of the
Emergency Assistance Request, the Government of India indicated that it intended to nominate
this site for inscription on the List of World Heritage in Danger. The Archaeological Survey of
India commenced this activity in February 1998 but no report has been received to date.
World Heritage Committee, twenty-first session - Chapter VII.5
New information: The World Heritage Centre has requested ICOMOS to arrange for a reactive
monitoring mission to the site. The mission, as requested by the Bureau at its twenty-third
session is expected to review the work carried out with the 1997 emergency assistance fund, to
report on the national actions undertaken to halt the deterioration of the stone structure and
structural engineering problems which are reportedly serious and to discuss with the
Government of India on whether or not it intends to nominate this site for inscription on the
List of World Heritage in Danger.
47
Action required: The Bureau may wish to formulate a decision upon examining further
information to be presented by the Secretariat at the twenty-third extraordinary session
of the Bureau.
Luang Prabang (Laos)
International Assistance:
• Preparatory Assistance:
1994 : US$ 15,000 for preparation of nomination file
1996 : US$ 7,342 for project proposal to develop a conservation plan
• Technical Co-operation:
1996: US$ 39,900 for inventory of vernacular buildings/timber building protection and
conservation and development plan
1997: US$ 25,000 for elaboration of conservation guidelines/ pedagogical tools
• Promotional Assistance:
1998 : US$ 5,000 for awareness-raising of local population (posters/slide show,
neighbourhood workshops)
World Heritage Bureau, twentieth extraordinary session – Chapter III.C
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-first extraordinary session – Chapter III.C
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-second extraordinary session - ChapterIII.C
New information: The draft conservation and development plan for the core historic centre
within the World Heritage Site of the Historic Town of Luang Prabang is expected to be
completed by the end of October 1999. This draft plan, when examined by the inter-ministerial
National Commission for the Protection of Cultural, Natural and Historic Properties of Laos in
December 1999, is expected to be enforced provisionally for a period of one year during which
time necessary adjustments will be made. The conservation and development plan will be
finalized only after this trial period, at the end of the year 2000. This draft plan prepared under
the decentralized co-operation scheme between the local authorities of Luang Prabang and
Chinon (France) under the aegis of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, with support from the
Government of France, European Union and other donors and organizations will be presented
by the Luang Prabang Provincial Government at an international donors’ meeting to be held in
January 2000 under the auspices of the National Commission to ensure that multilateral,
bilateral and national infrastructural development projects do not undermine the World
Heritage value of the site.
During the World Heritage Centre’s mission to Luang Prabang in July 1999, concern over the
following on-going and planned public works was expressed:
•
the riverbank consolidation works along the Mekong and Nam Tha rivers being carried out
by the Asian Development Bank which foresees the use of concrete gabion. The Centre has
advised the national and local authorities to request the Asian Development Bank to carry
out a geological survey of the riverbank to assess whether or not the use of gabion is
necessary ;
48
•
electricity transmission poles along the Mekong River installed by the Electricite de Laos
(EDL) being too close to the riverbank undermining the landscape ; future installation
should be more environmentally sensitive ;
•
proposed bridge across the Mekong River only 1.5 km from Mount Phousi currently under
funding consideration by Japan International Co-operation Agency (JICA) may be too close
to the core historic area of the World Heritage Site. A study of the impact on the World
Heritage site of the bridge, the vehicular traffic it will entail among other considerations is
deemed necessary.
•
Part of the drainage and sewage up-grading works financed by KWF (German co-operation
project) has resulted in drying up a section of the urban wetland of Luang Prabang which is
an essential part of the World Heritage value of the site as well as of ecological, social and
economic importance. In spite of the importance of continuing these public works for
public sanitation, UNESCO has requested that more environmentally sensitive measures be
adopted in the future.
Furthermore, UNESCO remains concerned by the rapid development of tourism in Luang
Prabang and the conversion of heritage buildings into guest houses and other tourism facilities
which risks the expulsion of the local inhabitants and irreversibly changing the identity of the
town which is characterized by the town’s multi-ethnic occupants. The Centre was therefore
involved in defining the terms of reference of a study to elaborate a sustainable tourism
development strategy to be carried out by Chinon and the French Development Agency (AFD).
Finally, the Secretariat notes with concern that the law for the protection of national cultural,
natural and historic properties issued as a decree of the Council of Ministers in 1997 has not yet
been officially enacted by the National Assembly. Moreover, the elimination from this decree
of any reference to tourism tax (taxe de sejours) which is meant to finance the cost of
conservation and maintenance of the World Heritage site causes concern over the long-term
sustainability of the important conservation cost hitherto met from international aid.
the Committee for noting :
“The Bureau congratulated the national and local authorities for the progress made in
strengthening the legal and administrative structure for the protection of the Luang
Prabang World Heritage Site, as well as in the elaboration of the conservation and
development plan of the site. However, the Bureau expressed its concern over the delay
in the official enactment by the National Assembly of the law for the protection of
national cultural, natural and historic properties. Noting the important financial and
technical assistance mobilized by UNESCO from bilateral and multilateral sources over
the past four years, the Bureau requests the State Party to consider the ways and means
to ensure the long-term sustainability of activities to ensure the conservation and
maintenance of this World Heritage site.
Moreover, the Bureau expressed concern over the rapid tourism development and
numerous infrastructural works at the site and requests the State Party with the support
of the Secretariat to ensure that these activities do not undermine the World Heritage
value of the site. The Bureau requests the State Party to submit a written report to the
Secretariat by 15 September 2000 for review by the Bureau at its twenty-fourth
extraordinary session addressing the concerns raised over the Asian Development Bank49
funded riverbank consolidation works, KWF (German Co-operation) –funded drainage
and sewage works, Electricite de Laos’ electricity transmission poles and the proposed
bridge construction under funding consideration by the Japan International Cooperation
Agency (JICA) and the results of the tourism study to be funded by the French
Development Agency. In the preparation of this report, the Bureau requests the
international development co-operation agencies concerned and the World Heritage
Centre to support the national and local authorities of Laos.”
Kathmandu Valley (Nepal)
International assistance: A total of US$ 240,374 has been provided as assistance from the
World Heritage Fund for safeguarding this site since its inscription in 1979.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Preparatory Assistance:
1997 US$ 7,510:Formulation of the nomination form of Khokana Village as an
additional Monument Zone to Kathmandu Valley site.
Training Assistance:
1997
US$ 14,000: Training of Development Control Unit staff of the Department of
Archaeology for enhanced management of Kathmandu Valley site.
Technical Co-operation:
1995 US$ 52,000: UNESCO International Technical Advisor for a 6-month period in
view of the serious and urgent need to strengthen measures to redress the present state
of conservation of Kathmandu Valley site.
1998 US$ 35,000: UNESCO-ICOMOS-HMG of Nepal Joint Mission for reporting on the
state of conservation of Kathmandu Valley site and to elaborate a plan of corrective
measures.
1998 US$ 28,000: Studies on traditional architecture, construction, and conservation
techniques, and documentation of Bhaktapur Monument Zone buildings.
1998 US$ 19,800: Thorough structural survey of the 55 Windows Palace in Bhaktapur
Monument Zone and studies on traditional building material.
1999 US$ 20,000: Documentation of 120 historical buildings composing the
Bauddhanath Monument Zone.
Emergency Assistance:
1995 US$ 24,310: Restoration of the tower roof of Taleju Mandir, Patan Palace, Patan
Monument Zone, Kathmandu Valley site.
1997 US$ 19,969: Restoration of the roof and upper floors of the Ritual Kitchen of Taleju
Mandir, Patan Palace, Patan Monument Zone, Kathmandu Valley site.
Promotional Assistance:
1998 US$ 5,000: Promotion of the World Heritage Convention at the Monument Zones
composing the Kathmandu Valley site.
Monitoring:
1994 US$ 3,356: Monitoring mission and attendance to a Strategy Meeting on
Kathmandu Valley site.
1996 US$ 3,000: Preparation of Kathmandu Valley Donors’ Meeting.
1996 US$ 6,129: Mission to assist the preparation of a state of conservation report for
submission to the World Heritage Committee.
50
1996 US$ 2,300: Expert participation at the International Technical Meeting on the
Conservation of the 55 Windows Palace, Bhaktapur Monument Zone, Kathmandu
Valley site.
In addition to these contributions, there have been UNESCO Funds-in-Trust projects funded by
the Government of Japan and activities supported by the UNESCO Division of Cultural
Heritage within the framework of the International Safeguarding Campaign (see Information
Document WHC-99/CONF.204/INF.13). Other earmarked voluntary contributions to the
UNESCO World Heritage Fund from NGOs (US$ 90,000) and private sector donors (US$
20,000) for pilot project implementation have been mobilized by the UNESCO World Heritage
Centre for enhanced management of the Kathmandu Valley site.
World Heritage Committee, sixteenth session - Chapter VIII.9
World Heritage Committee, seventeenth session - Chapter X.8
World Heritage Bureau, eighteenth session - Chapter VI.21
World Heritage Committee, eighteenth session - Chapter IX.22
World Heritage Committee, nineteenth session - Chapter VII.46
World Heritage Committee, twentieth session -Chapter VII.52
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-first session – Chapter IV.50
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-first extraordinary session –Chapter III.C
World Heritage Committee, twenty-first session - Chapter VII.53
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-second session - Chapter V.55
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-second extraordinary session - Chapter III.C
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-third session – Chapter IV.69
Information Documents:
WHC-99/Conf.208/INF.8.A
Report submitted by HMG of Nepal on the progress made in implementing the 55
Recommendations of the 1998 Joint Mission and Time-Bound Action Plan adopted by
HMG of Nepal for enhanced management and conservation of Katmandu Valley World
Heritage site
WHC-99/Conf.208/INF.8.B
Report of the World Heritage Centre mission in October 1999 on the state of
conservation of the Kathmandu Valley World Heritage site, responding to questions
raised by the World Heritage Committee in previous sessions
WHC-99/Conf.208/INF.8.C
Report of an independent international expert on the state of conservation of Kathmandu
Valley World Hertage site.
New information: During a mission undertaken by a World Heritage Centre staff to Kathmandu
Valley in October 1999, it noted with deep concern that in Patan Darbar Square Monument
Zone alone, six historic buildings had been completely demolished since the 1998 Joint
Mission and new constructions were either completed or in progress, using reinforced concrete
and without authentic design nor building material. The World Heritage Centre staff, with the
assistance of UNESCO Kathmandu office experts, found that in most cases, demolition and
reconstruction permits had been issued to each homeowner by the Department of Archaeology,
despite the conditions of the historic buildings which would have permitted in-situ repair.
These buildings included historic buildings with inherent characteristics which ICOMOS
51
experts had recommended retention and repair during the 1998 Joint Mission. Furthermore,
five cases of floor additions on historic buildings ; construction of illegal cantilevers within the
Monument Zone ; or refacing of store-fronts destroying the authentic architectural
characteristics were witnessed. The mission noted that a public rest-house within the Patan
Darbar Square Monument Zone, which had been recognized by ICOMOS and international
experts as having been in good condition in 1998, had also just been completely demolished,
including the removal of the original foundation stones, and replaced by new and inappropriate
brick and cement walls.
The mission also reported that a particularly important historic building facing the Hanuman
Dhoka Darbar Square Monument Zone, which had been specifically noted by ICOMOS experts
for its architectural significance and recommended for in-situ restoration had also been entirely
demolished. This historic building, the Joshi Agmacche, was being replaced by a new
construction with reinforced concrete and newly carved wooden pillars, while the mission
witnessed discarded authentic pillars, which could have been reused.
In view of the serious threats, both ascertained and potential, facing the site, a report by an
independent international expert, who participated at the 1998 Joint Mission as an ICOMOS
expert, is currently under preparation. The report of this mission, which will summarize the
degree of serious deterioration of materials, structure, ornamental features, architectural
coherence, and the essential settings of the Monument Zones under the protection of the World
Heritage Convention, as well as an evaluation of the degree of historical authenticity still
remaining within the World Heritage Site, will be presented to the Bureau at its 23rd
extraordinary session for examination.
The attention of the Bureau is drawn to the fact that the cases referred to above and those of
numerous other demolitions and inappropriate reconstructions reported to the Bureau and
Committee at almost each session since 1993, whether carried out with or without the
permission of the Department of Archaeology, are indications of the very serious degree of
uncontrolled change and deterioration caused to the Monument Zones placed under the
protection of the World Heritage Convention in 1979.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to examine the reports presented by HMG of
Nepal, the World Heritage Centre and the independent expert who participated as an
ICOMOS representative during the 1998 Joint Mission, and any further information
available at the time of the twenty-third extraordinary session, and take a decision
thereupon.
Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (Nepal)
New information: Following the request of the Bureau at its twenty-third session, a World
Heritage Centre staff undertook a mission in October 1999 for consultations with the relevant
Nepalese authorities concerning the conservation and presentation of the Maya Devi Temple
archaeological remains within the Lumbini World Heritage site. The Secretary and Joint
52
Secretary of the Ministry of Youth, Sports and Culture, the Member Secretary of the Lumbini
Development Trust, and the Director-General of the Department of Archaeology were
reminded by the UNESCO Representative to Nepal and the Centre staff of paragraph 56 of the
Operational Guidelines which requests the States Parties to submit plans for any major
conservation or construction work which could effect the World Heritage values. In view of
the extremely harsh natural environment of the Lumbini site and the potential impact any
construction on or in the proximity of the fragile archaeological remains could have, the
mission underlined that the organization of technical expert consultations to discuss the most
appropriate conservation and presentation methodology was recommended by the Bureau and
ICOMOS. The authorities were moreover invited to submit the Maya Devi Temple
conservation and presentation plan prepared by national architects and archaeologists to the
World Heritage Committee, together with the report on the findings of the excavations carried
out by the Lumbini Development Trust and the Japan Buddhist Federation since the early
1990’s.
The mission requested further information from the State Party concerning reports it had
obtained in October 1999 of the construction of concrete foundations at the Maya Devi Temple
site in December 1998. Finally, referring to the draft co-operation agreement between the
Lumbini Development Trust (LDT) and the Japan Buddhist Federation (JBF), UNESCO
expressed its regret that neither the World Heritage status of the site nor of adherence to
international conservation standards were referred to within the agreement.
The mission was assured by the representatives of His Majesty’s Government of Nepal that
information concerning the concrete foundations would be transmitted to the World Heritage
Committee and that international conservation norms would be followed for any intervention
plans for the conservation and presentation of the Maya Devi Temple site and the Lumbini
World Heritage site as a whole. Regarding the site conservation plan being discussed between
the LDT and the JBF, the Secretariat was assured that the concept paper with the designs and
drawings would be transmitted to the World Heritage Committee together with the report of the
findings of the excavations conducted by the Lumbini Development Trust and the Japan
Buddhist Federation when reports were completed. The authorities however informed the
Centre of their intention to submit a technical co-operation request, prepared with the Centre’s
support to finance the international technical meeting, only after an agreement is reached
between the LDT and the JBF, since the latter is to finance the Maya Devi Temple conservation
and presentation plan.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to recommend the following text for adoption
by the Committee:
“The Committee expresses appreciation for the consultation process involving the
World Heritage Centre, the UNESCO Representative for Nepal, the relevant national
authorities and the Lumbini Development Trust concerning the conservation and
presentation plan for the Maya Devi Temple archaeological remains, in response to the
request of the Bureau at its twenty-third session. The Committee welcomes the
assurances provided by His Majesty’s Government of Nepal to report on the proposed
activities under consideration and of the concrete foundation laid on-site, as well as of
the results of the excavations carried out by Lumbini Development Trust and the Japan
Buddhist Federation. The Committee requests that this information be provided to the
Secretariat before 15 April 2000 for consideration by the twenty-fourth session of the
Bureau in June/July 2000.
53
In view of the fragility of the exposed archaeological remains of the Maya Devi Temple
and threats to the World Heritage values of the site caused by the harsh environment
and important scale of visitors, the Committee recommends that the State Party
organize an international technical meeting as soon as possible to finalize the
conservation and presentation plan of the site and its early implementation. In this
regard, the Committee reiterates its readiness to consider technical assistance from the
World Heritage Fund to support national and local efforts. Moreover, the Committee
recommends the State Party to invite UNESCO and ICOMOS to participate in an
advisory capacity in a steering committee for the Maya Devi Temple project foreseen to
be implemented under the Lumbini Development Trust – Japan Buddhist Federation
agreement. Finally, the Committee requests the World Heritage Centre to maintain
close co-operation with the State Party in ensuring the protection of this site.”
Taxila (Pakistan)
• Technical co-operation :
1995 US$ 28,000: Vegetation control of the “daub” weed throughout the archaeological
remains of Taxila carried out in 1999.
• Promotional assistance:
1999 US$ 5,000: On-site promotion of the World Heritage Convention to increase
awareness of the Convention at 10 of the 55 archaeological remains composing the
Taxila World Heritage site. The national authorities are simultaneously disseminating
information on the national legislation, and the World Heritage values of Taxila.
World Heritage Bureau, nineteenth session - Chapter VI.20
World Heritage Committee, nineteenth session – Chapter VII.47
Fort and Shalamar Gardens of Lahore (Pakistan)
Emergency Assistance: 1981
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-second extraordinary session - Chapter
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-third session – Chapter IV.72
New information: (For Fort and Shalamar Gardens of Lahore and Taxila Archaeological
Remains)
Following the decisions of the Bureau at its twenty-third session, a mission was undertaken by
a World Heritage Centre staff to Lahore and Karachi between 12 – 15 October 1999. At the
time of the preparation of this document, consultations were being held with representatives of
the Department of Archaeology and Museums and members of the National Technical
54
Committee for the Preservation of the Shish Mahal, Lahore Fort. Political disturbance and
change in Government during the midst of the mission may render necessary, another reactive
monitoring mission when the new authorities responsible for decisions concerning the newly
constructed football stadium at Bhir Mound in Taxila and those for the demobilised hydraulic
works of the Shalamar Gardens are in place.
A full report on the findings of the mission will be presented at the twenty-third extraordinary
session of the Bureau.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to examine the report of the Secretariat at the
time of its twenty-third extraordinary session and take decisions thereupon.
Rice Terraces of the Philippines Cordilleras (Philippines)
1994 US$ 13,200: for preparation of nomination form.
1997 US$ 15,000: for project proposal of a Technical Co-operation Request for mapping the
Rice Terraces
1999 US$ 50,000: GIS for mapping the Rice Terraces and for strengthening management.
New information: In response to the request of the Bureau at its twenty-third session, the
Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines transmitted a brief report prepared by the
Banaue Rice Terraces Task Force (BRTTF) dated 30 August 1999, stating that the contract for
the GIS mapping of the site was finally signed on 24 August 1999. The Secretariat was
requested to note that the following were among the projects being undertaken to protect the
site :
•
•
•
•
•
Reforestation of Batad’s critical watershed which serves as the buffer zone for the terraces ;
Repair of the damaged rice terraces ;
Rehabilitation of the ancient irrigation systems ;
Repair and restoration of the traditional native Ifugao houses in the Batad villages (BRTTF
reported that 48 native houses have already been restored by changing decayed cogon or
thatched roof with fresh cogon) ;
Protection of the traditional Ifugao clan-owned forest called the « Muyongs » which serves
as buffer zones for the terraces, notably by strengthening co-operation with the Department
of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) for strict enforcement of the Forestry Laws
to prevent timber-poaching and deforestation ; co-operation with the Department of Public
Works and Highways (DPWH) to prevent damages to the ricefields and forest buffer zones
when implementing public works within the terrace areas ; and by undertaking joint
reforestation projects with the local woodcarvers and stakeholders of the terraces with
technical support of the DENR.
55
The Secretariat has been informed by independent experts of the negative impact on the site
and its inhabitants due to increasing tourism while the site’s carrying capacity remains
inadequate.
“The Bureau expresses its appreciation of the informative report of the Banaue Rice
Terraces Task Force (BRTTF) dated 30 August 1999 informing the Bureau of the ongoing activities for the protection of the Rice Terraces of the Philippines Cordilleras.
The Bureau stresses the importance of these activities, notably the watershed
management of the site and its buffer zone as well as those to mitigate the negative
impact of infrastructural development works on the site. The Bureau recommends the
State Party to elaborate a long-term integrated development plan to ensure that the
socio-economic development needs of the local inhabitants are met while maintaining
the authenticity and sustainable conservation of this fragile site. In this connection, the
Bureau expresses concern over the impact of increasing tourism to the site and requests
the State Party to inform the Bureau through the Secretariat by 15 September 2000 on
whether or not the integrated development strategy including a tourism development
plan for this site which were reportedly under preparation at the time of the site"s
inscription had been completed. Should the State Party require international expertise in
completing this, the Bureau expresses its readiness to support the national effort through
technical co-operation under the World Heritage Fund.”
The Sokkuram Grotto and Pulguksa Temple (Republic of Korea)
New information: In August 1999, the Secretariat took advantage of an invitation to a
conference held in the Republic of Korea to visit the World Heritage site of the Sokkuram
Grotto and the Pulgusksa Temple and to discuss with the national and local authorities on the
Bureau’s concern over the planned construction of an incinerator which may have a negative
impact on the site and the local inhabitants. The State Party submitted a brief report in October
1999 stating that the construction in 2002 of the trash incinerator in the region of Kyongju is
still pending the City Council approval due to strong opposition from citizens and
environmental protection groups. The State Party requested the Secretariat to inform the
Committee that if the construction, to be located 6.6 km away from the World Heritage site is
approved, the central government will monitor the process to ensure that the municipal
authorities comply with the international dioxin emission standards (0.1ng/m3) and the
National Waste Management Law, as well as to exam the surrounding natural environment.
“The Bureau, upon examining the report presented by the Secretariat thanks the State
Party for its commitment to monitor the planning and eventual construction process of
56
the incinerator to ensure that international standards are respected and that it will not
have negative impacts on the inhabitants nor on the environment of the Sokkuron
Grotto and the Pulguksa Temple. The Bureau requests the State Party to keep the
Bureau informed through the Secretariat of future developments regarding the
incinerator construction and of any other works which may impact upon this World
Heritage site.”
Historic Areas of Istanbul (Turkey)
• Emergency Assistance:
1999: US$8,000: Evaluation of fire-damaged timber buildings
1983: US$ 30,000 : Conservation of mosaics of Hagia Sophia
1987: US$ 31,247: Photogrammetry equipment
1988: US$ 29,902: Equipment for conservation of mosaics of Hagia Sophia
1991: US$ 20,000: Conservation of mosaics of Hagia Sophia
1994: US$ 20,000: Hagia Sophia
1999: US$ 30,000: Establishment of the Istanbul Heritage House – municipal advisory
service on conservation of urban heritage
• Training:
1987: US$ 12,000: Training in stone conservation
• Promotion
1999: US$ 5,000: Map of the World Heritage protected areas
World Heritage Bureau, sixteenth session - Chapter VI 44
World Heritage Committee, sixteenth session - Chapter VIII 2
World Heritage Bureau, seventeenth session - Chapter VIII.3
World Heritage Bureau, eighteenth extraordinary session - Chapter IV.1
World Heritage Committee, eighteenth session - Chapter IX. 22
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-first extraordinary session – Chapter III.C
World Heritage Committee, twenty-first session -Chapter VII 55
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-second session - Chapter V 67
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-second extraordinary session - Chapter III C
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-third session - Chapter IV.85.2
New information: Following the request of the Bureau at its twenty-third extraordinary session,
the State Party submitted a brief report on the state of conservation focused on the World
Heritage area of Zeyrek, Fatih District. The report indicated that in accordance with the
“Protection and Conservation of Fatih Historical Environment Protocol” signed by the
Municipality of Fatih and the Ministry of Culture, the Municipal authorities signed with the
Istanbul Governate the “ Fatih, Zeyrek Urban Planning and Street Rehabilitation Protocol”.
These protocols govern the provision of technical support and financial assistance under
“investment programmes allocation” for urban heritage conservation in the Zeyrek area. An
amount of one billion Turkish Lira (approximately US$ 250,000) has been allocated for 1999
57
for works to be carried out under the technical control of the Ministry of Culture. The
Municipality has reported that the conservation plan is under elaboration in co-operation with
universities, NGOs and private sector sponsors. Furthermore, the Municipality has indicated
that following the earthquake of 17 August 1999, the Ministry of Public Works and Housing
has halted all construction plans and licenses for the Istanbul region pending the completion of
on-going planning studies. With regard to the earthquake damage, the Secretariat was informed
by independent sources that the areas under World Heritage protection in Istanbul have not
been affected by this tragedy, although some cracks have been noted in some parts of the
restored section of the Byzantine Rampart.
Following the mission undertaken by a World Heritage Centre staff and an independent
structural engineer in April 1999, two co-operation projects have been developed in close cooperation with ICOMOS Turkey experts. Mimar University will be updating the cadastral plan
and carrying out a survey on the rehabilitation needs of Zeyrek, partially supported from the
World Heritage Fund’s 1999 budget under state of conservation (US$5,500). Istanbul
Technical University has developed a 2-year project to update the architectural and urban
heritage inventory of the entire historic peninsula of Istanbul. Request for financial support
from the Fund for an amount of US$58,276 has been submitted through the State Party for this
activity. The Secretariat’s recommendation to revise this project to focus more on the inventory
work necessary for the elaboration of the 1/5000 scale conservation plan to be adopted by
Greater Istanbul, as required under law, has been supported by ICOMOS, and is presented for
Committee approval under international assistance. To support the efforts of Greater Istanbul
and the Ministry of Culture, the Centre has obtained the expert services of a French urbanist
under the France-UNESCO Agreement for the Protection and Development of Monumental
and Urban Heritage, who is scheduled to undertake a mission to Istanbul in November 1999. At
the time of reporting, the project for the Rehabilitation of the Historic Quarters of Fatih,
prepared by the Centre in 1997-98 and approved by the European Union for a US$ 7.7 million
contribution had not yet started, reportedly due to delays in the issuance of public tenders to
identify the implementing agency.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to adopt the following decision and to transmit
it to the Committee for noting:
“The Bureau expresses its sympathies to the families of the victims of the tragic
earthquake of 17 August 1999 and assures the Government of Turkey of its readiness to
support the national efforts in the rehabilitation process. The Bureau notes its
appreciation for the significant allocation of funds to the Fatih Municipality by the
Government to prepare the conservation plan and to undertake rehabilitation activities
in Zeyrek. The Bureau encourages the continued efforts of the Centre in mobilizing
international technical support, particularly to expedite the elaboration of the 1/5000
scale urban development and conservation plan by Greater Istanbul and the 1/1000 scale
detailed conservation plan by the Municipal authorities of Fatih and Eminonu. Finally,
it request the State Party to submit a report to the Bureau through the Secretariat by 15
September 2000 of progress in corrective measures being carried out in Zeyrek and
other historic areas of Istanbul to maintain the World Heritage values of this urban
complex.”
Complex of Hué Monuments (Vietnam)
58
1998 US$5,000 on-site exhibition
1994 US$ 20,000 for seminar on Hanoi/Hue
1995 US$ 108,000 for wood conservation laboratory and training for their use
1996 US$ 12,500 evaluation of the World Heritage boundary
1997 US$ 35,000 for legal diagnosis of urban heritage protection regulations
1998 US$ 16,811 for Hue-Hoi An workshop on timber buildings conservation
World Heritage Committee, eighteenth session - Chapter IX.22
World Heritage Bureau, eighteenth extraordinary session – Chapter VI.2.B
World Heritage Bureau, eighteenth extraordinary session – Chapter V.C.2
World Heritage Bureau, eighteenth extraordinary session – Chapter III.C
World Heritage Bureau, eighteenth extraordinary session – Chapter III.C
World Heritage Committee, nineteenth session – Chapter VII.49
World Heritage Committee, twentieth session – Chapter VII.70
World Heritage Committee, twenty-first session – Chapter VII.54
New information: Hue, Lille Metropole and the World Heritage Centre’s collaboration on the
legal diagnosis and urban deformation analyses of Zones I and II of Hue World Heritage area
carried out in 1998 with funding support from the World Heritage Fund, Government of France
and Lille Metropole was continued in 1999 through an expert meeting held in April 1999 . The
draft urban conservation and development plan of Hue which includes the World Heritage site
of the Complex of Hue Monuments was presented at this expert workshop by the Hue
Provincial and Municipal authorities and is currently being evaluated in detail by the World
Heritage Centre and Lille Metropole with the support of a high-level French architect-urbanist
seconded to the Centre under the France-UNESCO Co-operation Agreement for the Protection
and Development of Monumental and Urban Heritage. The donors’ meeting initially planned
for March 1999 had to be postponed to enable the full evaluation of the draft plan. This donors
meeting, aimed to present the draft conservation and development plan to bilateral and
multilateral development co-operation agencies and representatives of donor states to be
organized by the Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs and hosted by the Provincial
Government of Hue with technical support by the Centre and Lille Metropole, is now being
planned for April 2000 on the occasion of the Hue 2000 cultural event organized by the
governments of France and Vietnam.
Deformation of the Hue urban heritage being caused by the lack of awareness and respect for
the conservation needs of the local population, the community advisory function of the
« Heritage House » established jointly by the provincial and municipal authorities and the Hue
Conservation Centre with support from the Centre and Lille Metropole, will be vital to the
conservation effort. To raise public awareness of the local population, the State Party has
submitted an international assistance request under promotion to produce the Vietnamese
version of the World Heritage education kit and to hold a series of national youth fora,
including in Hue. This request could not be supported due to lack of funds in 1999 but will be
considered under the 2000 budget.
Discussions are currently underway with the concerned national and local authorities on the
funding of the national experts of the Heritage House to evaluate building permit requests and
59
technical assistance to local inhabitants. Lille Metropole is preparing the modalities of a
Housing Improvement Fund for the local population with support from the Caisse des Depots et
Consignations of France. A project proposal for funding support under the European
Commission’s AsiaUrbs Programme has also been submitted to enable the initiation of this
grant and soft loan scheme to conserve the urban heritage of the World Heritage protected areas
and to improve the housing conditions of the poor.
To halt the continuing deterioration of the urban heritage components of the World Heritage
value of the site, and to properly manage the on-going and future change in Hue, housing and
employment needs of the residents need to be incorporated in the conservation planning
process. Moreover, the preliminary sustainable tourism study conducted in 1995 by the Centre
and the UNESCO Bangkok Office needs to be continued to evaluate the infrastructural
development needs and their impact on the World Heritage area to meet the tourism and related
growth targeted by the national tourism authorities.
“The Bureau appreciates the continued efforts of the Provincial and Municipal
Authorities of Hué and the Hué Conservation Centre with technical support of Lille
Metropole, UNESCO and the French Government in halting the deterioration of the
urban heritage of the World Heritage protected areas of Hué. The Bureau expresses the
importance of preserving the authenticity and integrity of the Citadel of Hué marked by
its urban morphology, spatial organization and vegetation which were all part of the
« feng shui » philosophy in the original construction and subsequent transformations.
The Bureau therefore encourages the State Party, the World Heritage Centre and Lille
Metropole in the successful organization of the donors’ meeting scheduled in April
2000 and requests that invitations be extended to members of the Committee and
advisory bodies, as well as to the international development co-operation agencies and
Vietnam-based diplomatic missions. The Bureau notes that the written report it
requested the State Party to submit by 15 September 1999 had not been received to date
and reiterates its request for a comprehensive report together with the conservation and
development plan of Hué to be provided to the Secretariat by 15 September 2000 for
review by the Bureau at its twenty-fourth extraordinary session in November 2000.”
Latin America and the Caribbean
Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis (Argentina and Brazil):
The Jesuit Mission of Santa Ana (Argentina)
Year of inscription on the World Heritage List: 1983, 1984
Twenty-third session of the Bureau, Chapter IV.51
New information: The Secretariat received a report from the authorities of Argentina dated 20
September 1999 on the construction of an industrial plant in the village of Santa Ana. It is reported
that the plant is at a distance of 700 meters from the ruins of the Jesuit Mission and that it is not
visible from there. A new access road to the mission is being planned that will improve security
60
for visitors, will re-introduce the historical access to the site and will avoid visitors being directly
confronted with the industrial plant. World Heritage Centre staff, during a mission to Argentina in
September 1999, could observe the situation ‘in situ’ and confirmed the information provided by
the authorities.
“The Bureau takes note of the information provided by the authorities of Argentina on the
construction of an industrial plant in the village of Santa Ana. It concludes that the plant has
no visual impact on the World Heritage site and that the proposed new access road to the
missions will improve the presentation of the site.”
City of Quito (Ecuador)
International assistance: Emergency assistance approved for 1999 for an amount of US$ 50,000
to respond to emergency situation caused by re-activation of volcano La Pichincha.
Twenty-second session of the Committee, Chapter VII.43 and Annex IV
New information:
The Ecuadorian authorities have provided detailed information on the disaster preparation scheme
introduced to respond to the possible impact of the re-activation of the volcano La Pichincha that
is at a close distance to the World Heritage site. In October 1999, ash erupted from the volcano.
The World Heritage Centre is in contact with the authorities and the UNESCO Office in Quito for
up-to-date information.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to examine information that will be provided at the
time of its session and take the appropriate decision thereupon.
Historic Centre of Puebla (Mexico)
Earliest 16th-Century Monasteries on the slopes of Popocatepetl (Mexico)
International assistance: A request for emergency assistance for an amount of US$ 100,000 has
been received and will be considered by the Committee at its twenty-third session. The request
refers particularly to the Monastery of Tochimilco, one of the monasteries on the slopes of the
Popocatepetl.
New information: In response to a request from the Bureau at its twenty-third session, the Mexican
authorities submitted a detailed inventory of damages caused to the Historic Centre of Puebla and
the Earliest 16th-Century Monasteries on the slopes of Popocatepetl by the earthquake of 15 June
1999. The inventory refers to 102 buildings in the State of Puebla, a great number of which are
61
located within the two World Heritage sites. The report includes immediate actions that have been
taken already by the Mexican authorities, as well as an estimate of the funds needed for
consolidation, restoration and repair.
“The Committee thanks the Mexican authorities for the detailed report on the damages
caused by the earthquake of 15 June 1999 to the World Heritage sites of the Historic Centre
of Puebla and the Earliest 16th-Century Monasteries on the slopes of Popocatepetl. It
commends the authorities for the immediate response given to the earthquake and the
emergency measures that have been taken to prevent further damage and collapse.”
Archaeological Site of Chavin (Peru)
International assistance: 1998: Emergency Assistance for an amount of US$ 37,250.
Twenty-second session of the Committee , Chapter VII.43 and Annex IV
New information: An ICOMOS expert undertook a mission to Chavin in September/October 1999
to update the 1993 state of conservation report and advise on future actions for the management
and preservation of the site. In case the report of the mission be available before the Bureau
session, ICOMOS will report the findings during the session of the Bureau.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to examine information that may be provided at the
City of Cuzco (Peru)
International assistance: Technical Co-operation 1997: US$ 20,000 for the preparation of a
Master Plan.
New information: At the time of the preparation of this working document no information had
been received on the arrangements for the implementation of the assistance for the Master Plan.
World Heritage Centre staff, during a mission to Peru in October 1999, will look into this matter
and report to the Bureau during its session.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to examine information that will be provided at the
62
Europe and North America
Historic Centre of Tallin (Estonia)
Twenty second session of the Committee , Chapter VII.43 and Annex IV
New information: The Estonian authorities informed the Secretariat that, in response to the
ICOMOS expert monitoring mission (1998) and the Bureau’s recommendations, the national and
local governments are now looking for an alternative location for the construction of a new
theatre. The historic buildings at the originally foreseen location of the theatre have been
consolidated and new functions are being sought for them.
The authorities point out, however, that as long no development plan for the Protected Area of
Tallin exists, similar cases might occur in the future.
“The Bureau congratulates the authorities of Estonia for their efforts to find a more suitable
location for a theatre that was planned within the Historic Centre of Tallin and to preserve
the historic structures on its planned location. It urges the authorities to proceed with the
preparation of a development plan for the Historic Centre of Tallin in order to provide the
adequate framework for interventions and preservation in the Historic Centre. It offers its
support to such effort, if requested by the State Party.”
Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (France)
Year of inscription on the Word Heritage List: 1979
Past deliberations
World Heritage Bureau, twenty-first session, Chapter (page 31)
New information: On the occasion of the Assembly of the Friends of Mont-Saint-Michel, on
24 September 1999, to commemerate the twentieth anniversary of the inscription of the site on
the World Heritage List, the project «Re-establishment of the Maritime character of the MontSaint-Michel», prepared by the Ministry for Equipment was presented to the public. This
project, which foresees major infrastructural works (replacement of the causeway road by a
bridge, creation of a parking area on the mainland and the use of shuttles, strengthening of the
flow of the Couesnon River) will greatly contribute towards the rehabilitation of the spiritual
nature of Mont-Saint-Michel. It will help regulate the tourist influx (more than three million
per year) and in general encourage a better distribution around the Bay.
63
«The Bureau took note of the development of the project for the re-establishment of the
maritime character of the Mont-Saint-Michel prepared by the French authorities and
congratulates them for their continuing commitment for the protection of the World
Heritage. The Bureau appreciates the quality of the work and the aims of the proejct. It
hopes that its implementation, which has also to respect the needs of the residents of the
Mont-Saint-Michel, is carried out as soon as possible. Finally, the Bureau requests the
Secretariat to study, together with the French authorities, the possibility of organizing
an exhibition on the Mont and on the project.»
City-Museum Reserve of Mtskheta (Georgia)
International assistance: From 1996 to 1999 an amount of US$ 36,800 was made available under
technical cooperation for expert services on management and tourism policy. A request for US$
35,000 has been submitted for the year 2000 for the preparation by a team of international experts
of a Heritage and Tourism Master Plan.
Previous deliberations: None
New information: Upon request from the Government of Georgia, a consultant prepared in 1997 a
preliminary study for a Master Plan for the heritage and tourist policy for the World Heritage site
City Museum Reserve of Mtskheta. In 1999, the major elements of this study were presented in
the form of "Terms of References for 9 Actions" that were the basis for a World Heritage Centre
mission to Georgia in order to identify potential donors, needs and opportunities for the actual
preparation of a Heritage and Tourism Master Plan. As a result a project is being prepared with
UNDP (to be financed by UNDP and the World Heritage Fund) for an international team of
experts to develop together with national experts the actual Heritage and Tourism Master Plan.
The Master Plan will provide the appropriate framework for a coherent set of actions to be
financed by different sources and donor institutions and will include issues such as archaeological
excavations and protection; interpretation, presentation and museum facilities; tourist facilities,
hotel development, parking etc.; institutional development. The start of the project is scheduled for
spring 2000.
The mission team noted the critical conditions of particularly two archaeological sites. At the
Armaztsikhe site, excavated remains from the Roman period are openly exposed to the climate
and to visitors; protective structures of the Roman baths have partly been destroyed. Over the last
decades buildings have been constructed on the Samtavros Veli site (necropolis). Furthermore, the
mission took note of a plan to build a new bell-tower within the enclosure of the cathedral.
“The Committee welcomes the initiative of the Government of Georgia to develop a
Heritage and Tourism Master Plan for the City-Museum Reserve of Mtskheta and
expresses its full support for this initiative that will provide the appropriate framework for
a coherent set of actions to be financed by different sources and donor institutions. The
Committee recognises that on the middle and long term major investments will be required
for the actual implementation of the master plan and calls upon States Parties, international
institutions and organizations to collaborate in this effort.
64
The Committee urges the Government of Georgia to take immediate measures for the
protection of the Armaztsikhe archaeological site and for the recuperation of the total area
of the Samtavros Veli necropolis site. It requests the Georgian authorities to provide the
plans for the bell tower at the cathedral for further study by ICOMOS.”
Roman Monuments, Cathedral and Liebfrauen Church in Trier (Germany)
New information: The German authorities submitted a report and plans on the protection and
development of the surroundings of the Roman amphitheatre including the following information:
•
•
•
By municipal ordinance of 8 September 1999 an extended area around the Roman
amphitheatre was declared a protected area. The area includes the areas along the Bergstrasse,
the area north of the amphitheatre (the former Lowenbrauerei) and the hill and convent of
Petrisberg;
The building project for the Lowenbrauerei-area has been reduced from five to four blocks,
providing a greater distance from the theatre; the height of the block closest to the theatre has
been reduced;
The draft plan on the proposed integration of the Roman water pipes and town ramparts in the
Lowenbrauerei-area is not available yet.
The report and plans were transmitted to ICOMOS for review.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to examine the views that will be presented by
ICOMOS at the time of its session and take the appropriate decision thereupon.
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (Germany)
Year of inscription on the World Heritage List: 1990/1992
Twenty-second session of the Committee , Chapter VII.34)
New information: The German authorities informed the Secretariat that the fifth state of
conservation report, requested by the Committee at its twenty-second session will be submitted by
15 October 1999. The contents of this report as well as the views of ICOMOS will be submitted
during the session of the Bureau.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to examine the fifth state of conservation report
as well as ICOMOS’ views that will be presented at the time of its session and take the
appropriate decision thereupon.
65
Auschwitz Concentration Camp (Poland)
International assistance: In 1998 an amount of US$ 20,000 was provided under technical
cooperation for the organization of an international expert meeting on the planning and protection
of the surroundings of the site.
Twenty-second session of the Committee, Chapter VII.38
Major progress had been made in the implementation of the Strategic Governmental Programme
for Auschwitz and of the Act for the Protection of Former Nazi Extermination Camps. The Bureau
of the World Heritage Committee at its twenty-third session (5-10 July 1999) requested the
Government of Poland to submit a further progress report by 15 April 2000 for examination by the
Bureau at its twenty-fourth session.
New information: The Polish National Commission for UNESCO by letter dated 18 August 1999,
requested the views of the World Heritage Committee on the following matter:
In 1944, a Jewish prisoner of the Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration Camp, the 21-year old Ms
Dinah Gottlieb from Brno, Czech Republic, painted portraits of Gypsies in the camp. Thanks to
her artistic skills she managed together with her mother to survive the camp. During the
liberation of the camp in January 1945 several water colour paintings were given from a
prisoner to habitants nearby the camp. Seven paintings were sold in 1963 and 1977 to the State
Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau at Oswiecim. In 1969 the Museum identified Ms Dinah GottliebBabbitt, now living in the United States, as author of the paintings. In 1973 on the occasion of a
visit to the museum, Ms Gottlieb asked for photos of the portraits that were sent to her.
In 1997 Ms Gottlieb asked the State Museum to return the seven portraits. In its resolution H.
CON. RES. 162 dated 22 July 1999 the House of the Representatives of the United States urged
inter alia "the officials of the Auschwitz-Birkenau state museum to transfer the seven original
paintings to Dina Babbitt as expeditiously as possible."
The State Museum of Auschwitz-Birkenau – while fully recognising Ms Gottliebs personal
attitude to the works she made in the past under horrendous conditions – is convinced the
paintings should remain in the museum's collection. The museum believes that the loss of every
object that certifies about the crimes committed by the Nazis will be an irreparable loss for the
memory of human kind. Furthermore, as this site forms part of the World Heritage the museum is
convinced that objects and documents found in the area of the liberated camp should be protected
for further generations.
Similar views were expressed by the International Council of Remembrance of Extermination
of the Romes, Poland.
Action required: The Bureau may wish to examine this matter at its session.
Central Zone of Angra do Heroismo in the Azores (Portugal)
Twenty-second session of the Committee, Chapter VII.39
66
New information: The Portuguese authorities submitted in July and September 1999 substantive
documentation on the project for the marina and the rehabilitation of the waterfront of Angra do
Heroismo:
•
•
On the marina it is stated that historical, cultural, functional and urban planning considerations
led to the choice to build the marina, including a dam to protect it from the sea, in the Bay of
Angra. The authorities informed that, following the advice of an ICOMOS expert, laboratory
tests were done on various alternative solutions for the connection of the dam to the city’s
waterfront. The result of these tests is that the level of the dam at the connection can be
lowered if at the same time the existing beach would be expanded.
The rehabilitation of the waterfront is presented in two sections. The first one refers to the
areas east and west of the town; the second one deals with the central part of the waterfront,
including the area where the town and the Bay meet (square and historic quay).
The documentation was reviewed by the ICOMOS expert who submitted the following
observations:
•
•
•
•
The justification for the location of the marina has been provided. He specifically notes that
one of the justifications is that the marina gives the opportunity for the protection and
restoration of the old quay and historic entrance to the city. He is in agreement with the
solution proposed for the connection of the dam to the waterfront of the city.
The expert agrees with the proposals for the western and eastern parts of the bay area with the
exception that the area around the S. Sebastiao Fort should be further developed (e.g. free area
in front of the fort, re-establish connection between the Fort and the harbour) and that no
demolition of structures within the fort should take place before a rehabilitation plan for the
fort be approved.
For the central part of the waterfront the expert considers that: new construction at the actual
garden (Jardines de Corte-Reais and Antigo Mercad do Peixe) should be reconsidered; that the
square/quay area (Patio da Alfandega) should be re-designed in order to fully take advantage
of and respect the historical remains (staircase, archaeological remains of city entrance,
historical quay); new construction in the Encosta do Cantalgo area (a natural cliff) would
seriously affect the values of the waterfront.
It is furthermore noted that a general urban development plan is still missing and that an
integration of the marina/waterfront project in the city plan is not shown.
To conclude, the ICOMOS expert observes that the construction of the marina will have a visual
impact on the Bay and the waterfront of the city and that this should be accompanied by a
rehabilitation that should fully respect, and with minimal change, the structure and characteristics
of the waterfront. Particular attention should be given to the area between the city and the
proposed marina (Patio da Alfandega).
examination and recommends the following for adoption:
“The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party on the marina
project in the Bay of Angra do Heroismo and the opinions expressed by ICOMOS. The
Committee endorses the views of ICOMOS regarding the proposed rehabilitation of the
waterfront and urges the Portuguese authorities to take these into account in reconsidering
the plans for this area, more particularly for the area of the Patio da Alfandega, Jardines de
67
Corte-Reais and Antigo Mercad do Peixe, the Encosta do Cantalgo and the S. Sebastiao
Fort.
The Committee requests the authorities to continue its collaboration with ICOMOS on the
further development of the plans for the marina and the waterfront and their integration
into the overall urban plan for Angra do Heroismo.
It requests the authorities to submit a report on the above matters by 15 April 1999 for
consideration by the Bureau at its twenty-fourth session.”
Alhambra, Generalife and Albayzin, Grenada (Spain)
Year of inscription on the World HeritageList: 1984 and 1994
International assistance
1998: US$ 15,000 for the revitalization of the Albayzin
1999: US$ 10,000 for the restoration of the altar piece of the Santa Isabel la Réal Monastery
Previous deliberations
At its twenty-third session, the Bureau took note that the revision of the Special Plan had begun
and recommended that the extension of the cemetery respect the protection of the site.
New information
In September 1999, the University of Grenada organized an international seminar on site
management and invited the World Heritage Centre to participate. This seminar provided the
opportunity for the Patronate of the Alhambra to present to the public the preliminary work on
the revision of the Special Plan for the monumental part of the site (Alhambra and Generalife).
This revision integrates the necessary liaison of the plan with the management plan of the citycentre of Grenada and the Special Plan for the Albayzin. The three teams responsible for these
plans are working together, and it is expected that the co-ordination of these three plans will
finally become operational.
However, the monumental site is still at risk from the extension of the cemetery situated at the
edge of the olive grove of Los Alijares and this, in spite of the recommendation made by the
Bureau at its twenty-third session.
In the Albayzin, the Albayzin Foundation has begun implementation of an urban pilot project
financed by the FEDER. The major works originally foreseen have been abandoned in favour
of activities better adapted to the area. Only the construction of the Mosque adjacent to the
Mirador de San Nicolas and the state of dilapidation of the Puerta Elvira area remain a cause
for concern. The restoration work on the altar piece of the Santa Isabel la Réal Monastery and
the final work for the rehabilitation of the Monastery continue, and it will soon be authorized to
open to the public.
«The Bureau congratulates the Spanish authorities for the progress made in the revision
of the Special Plan for the monumental site and for the co-ordination of the different
protection and management plans. It also congratulates the authorities for the ongoing
68
work in the Albayzin and expresses its wish that the remaining problems be treated
taking due consideration of the Convention and the nature of the area.
However, the Bureau remains concerned about the continuing threat to the monumental
site due to the extension of the cemetery, and hopes that this threat will be rapidly
resolved. It requests the State Party to report to the Bureau on this matter before 15
April 2000.
69

English - UNESCO World Heritage Centre

Transcription

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