Chemie außer Kontrolle Chemicals out of control
Transcription
Chemie außer Kontrolle Chemicals out of control
Chemie außer Kontrolle Das systematische Versagen der EU-Chemikalienpolitik in den letzten 20 Jahren. Mit zehn Fallstudien Chemicals out of control Chemie The systematic failure of EU chemicals policy in the last 20 years. With ten case studies Chemicals out of control The systematic failure of EU chemicals policy in the last 20 years Commissioned by Greenpeace Germany Editor: Greenpeace Germany (Greenpeace e.V)., Große Elbstr. 39, 22767 Hamburg, Germany, Tel. ++49 (0)40/306 18-0, Fax ++49 (0)40/306 18-100, Email: mail@greenpeace.de, Political Berlin Unit, Chausseestr. 131, 10115 Berlin, Germany, Tel. ++49 (0)30/30 88 99-0, Fax ++49 (0)30/30 88 99-30, Internet: www.greenpeace.de; Authors: Andreas Ahrens and Kerstin Heitmann, Ökopol GmbH, Hamburg; Person responsible under German press law/V.i.S.d.P.: Manfred Krautter, Greenpeace Germany; Titel pictures: Hewetson/GP, C. Piecha/GP, G. 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Information sources on producers in data annex 1 Most relevant uses Soft plastic profiles (doors, windows) 13% Toys, baby equipment < 2% Tarpaulin, tents, rain coats 4,5% Car undercoating 1,5% Product Life-Cycle Processing Liability to bioaccumulate Toxicity to water organisms Toxic to reproduction, endocrine disruption Measured concentration in fresh water Cables 4,5% Others 25% Production Biodegradation in water Shoe soles 9% Roofing material 1,5% Wires, cables 13% very high concern External use Exposure In % market volume Interior use Floor coverings and wall papers 25% high concern concern Substance properties BASF AG, D, E; BP Chemicals, UK; Celanese, D; Driftal GPD, P; Elf Atochem, F; Industrie Generali Spa, I; Lonza, I; Neste Oxo, E; Neste Oy, FIN; Oxeno Olefinchemie, D; Plastificantes de Lutxana, E; SISAS Pantochim, B; SISAS, B Concentration in sediments Concentration in organisms, food chain Concentration in breast milk or blood !* = relevant lack of data Releases to the environment* 100-500 t/a 100-500 t/a 1000-5000 t/a Potential final users Air/Water > 5000 t/a End-of-life products remaining in the enviroment* Waste treatment Recovery of PVC Important sources: Floor cleaning indoor; 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(%"5%/8";%"@/'-(7(%/'"($";)'(?57-5'/"(%"$3-"D$3<$A"" " *`" Brominated Flame Retardants out of control Environment Mineralised 1% 1999 32.000 t/a 9% 43% TBBA 25% HBCD 23% DecaBDE Landfill 90% 6.000 t/a Fate only TBBA after end of service-life Production volume EU Market volume EU in percent of market volume Brominated Flame Retardants Polybrominated Diphenylethers (PBDPE), Polybrominated Biphenyles (PBB), Tetrabrombisphenol A (TBBA), Hexabromocyclododecane ( HBCDD) Critically exposed: Flame Retardant Producers Risk-Profile Some producers may have changed their names or their business. Information sources on producers in data annex 1 Most relevant uses In % market volume PS insulating substances 21% high concern concern Substance properties Broomchemie/Dead Sea Bromine Group, NL (HBCD); Great Lakes Manufacturing Ltd., UK (HBCD) very high concern Biodegradation in water Liability to bioaccumulate1 Toxicity to water organisms Toxic to reproduction2, endocrine effects Circuit board 30% - highly brominated compounds: 1lower bioaccumulation 2Octabromo Diphenylether Measured concentration in fresh water Exposure Polystyrol cabinet material 13% Polyester and Polyamid for electronic components 7% Concentration in sediments Concentration in organisms, food chain Concentration in breast milk or blood Textile coatings 5% Others 24% !* = relevant lack of data Product Life-Cycle Releases to the environment Production 1-10 t/a Processing 1-10 t/a Potential final users 100-500 t/a Water/Air/soil 100-500 t/a End-of-life products remaining in the enviroment Waste treatment Recycling of expanded polystyrene, recovery of electric and electronic waste losses e.g. from textiles, building material Brominated Dioxins und Furanes from thermal treatment. Emission of pentaBDPE with landfill gas possible Stand: 3/2003 © ANA*081%$)"-#5&*D-$-//)"2* 2.73'($;-/8"&;';@@($%";'/"%>$-./-(?"3');$(?"4;%%N&'385?/8"?./4(?;7%"<.(?.".;=/";"4;'D/-" =3754/"3@"6/-<//$"t+,+++";$8"v+,+++"-3$$/%"&/'">/;'"($"-./"01A":'385?-(3$";&&/;'%"-3"6/" %7().-7>"8/?7($($)A"B./'/";'/"@35'"?34&;$(/%"($"05'3&/"&'385?($)"%.3'-";$8"4/8(54"?.;($" ?.73'($;-/8"&;';@@($%A"B./"=3754/"&'385?/8"(%";635-"-<(?/"-./";435$-"5%/8"($"05'3&/A" 2.73'($;-/8"&;';@@($%";'/"5%/8"4;($7>"($"&7;%-(?";'-(?7/%"4;8/"3@":_2,"($"<.(?."-./>";?-";%";" @7;4/"'/-;'8;$-";$8J3'"&7;%-(?(%/'A"B./>"/$%5'/"-./"-/?.$(?;77>"$//8/8"@7/H(6(7(->"3@"-./"&7;%-(?" R/A)A"($"?;67/%SA"2.73'($;-/8"&;';@@($%";'/";7%3"5%/8"($"&;($-%";$8"%/;7;$-%A"Y-./'"(4&3'-;$-" ;'/;%"3@"5%/"";'/"4/-;7"?5--($)"@75(8%";$8"7/;-./'"@;--/$($)"7(C53'A" Q.3'-";$8"4/8(54"?.;($"?.73'($;-/8"&;';@@($%".;=/"=;'(35%"&'367/4;-(?"&'3&/'-(/%A"W%"&7;%-(?" ;88(-(=/%"-./>";'/"$3-"@('47>"635$8"-3"-./"&7;%-(?"4;-'(H";$8";'/"%73<7>"'/7/;%/8"($-3"-./" /$=('3$4/$-,"43'/"%3"<./$"5%/8"35-%(8/"-.;$"($"($833'"5%/%"R7(D/"U0K:SA"#$"%/<;)/"&7;$-%" ;$8"5$8/'"/$=('3$4/$-;7"?3$8(-(3$%"?.73'($;-/8"&;';@@($%";'/"&/'%(%-/$-";$8"?;$"6/" -';$%&3'-/8"3=/'"73$)"8(%-;$?/%A"#$";88(-(3$,"-./>"-/$8""-3";??5457;-/"($"-./"638>"@;-"3@" ;C5;-(?"3');$(%4%";$8"-3"6(34;)$(@>"($"-./"@338"?.;($A"2.73'($;-/8"&;';@@($%";'/"@35$8" ;743%-"/=/'><./'/,"85/"-3"8(%?.;')/%"@'34"-./"5%/";%"4/-;7"?5--($)"@75(8";$8"-.'35)."73%%/%" @'34"-./"5%/";%";88(-(=/"($"&7;%-(?"&'385?-%A"P3%-"$3-;67>,".3</=/',"-./>";??5457;-/"($"-./" @338"?.;($,";$8";'/"@35$8"($"-./"@3773<($)"?3$?/$-';-(3$%"7/=/7%n"($"'(=/'"<;-/'"+A!N!"x)J7," %/8(4/$-%"+A!N!"4)JD),"4;'($/"4;44;7%"\"!+"4)JD),";$8"($"6'/;%-"4(7D"\"!+"x)JD)"3@"@;-A" Y$";??35$-"3@"-./('"/@@/?-%"3$"'38/$-%"($"7;63';-3'>"/H&/'(4/$-%"?.73'($;-/8"&;';@@($%";'/" %5%&/?-/8";%"6/($)"-3H(?"-3"'/&'385?-(3$";$8"?;'?($3)/$(?"R?7;%%"###SA"B./>";'/"=/'>"-3H(?"-3" ;C5;-(?"3');$(%4%A"B./"?3$-;4($;-(3$"3@"6'/;%-"4(7D";$8"-./"&3775-(3$"3@"%5'@;?/"<;-/'%"(%" '/);'8/8";"'(%D"3@"?3$?/'$A" f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eNT+">/;'%SA"W);($,"%/=/';7"-.35%;$8%"3@"<;%-/"4;$;)/4/$-"?34&;$(/%"4;>"6/" ($=37=/8"($"-.(%"($"05'3&/A"2.73'($;-/8"&;';@@($%"($"-./"3(7"@';?-(3$"3@"4/-;7"?5--($)"@75(8%";'/" 5%5;77>"($?($/';-/8";%"($85%-'(;7"<;%-/,"65-";"43'/"3'"7/%%".()."&'3&3'-(3$"(%"@('%-";773</8"-3" /$-/'"%/<;)/";@-/'"?./4(?;7N&.>%(?;7"<;%-/"-'/;-4/$-"R<;-/'"&.;%/";@-/'"%/&;';-(3$"3@"3(7SA" W635-"@(=/"&/'"?/$-"3@"-./"4;'D/-"=3754/"&/'">/;'"(%"8('/?-7>"'/7/;%/8"($-3"-./"/$=('3$4/$-" R;(',"<;-/'";$8"%3(7%Sa"%34/"Fe"&/'"?/$-"/$8%"5&"3$"7;$8@(77%";$8"3$7>";635-"-/$"&/'"?/$-"(%" ;?-5;77>"4($/';7(%/8"($"<;%-/"8(%&3%;7"3&/';-(3$%A"" B./";435$-"3@"?.73'($;-/8"&;';@@($%"/$-/'($)"05'3&/;$"%3(7%"=(;"%/<;)/"%758)/"<.(?."(%"5%/8" ;%"@/'-(7(%/'"($";)'(?57-5'/"(%"$3-"D$3<$A" " *t" Chlorinated Paraffins out of control Environment 114.000 t/a Mineralised 5% 10% app. 64.000 t/a 70.000 Landfilled 73.000 ’94 Production volume EU Market volume EU after end of service-life ’98 ’97 85% Fate 64.000 Production development in percent of market volume Chlorinated Paraffins (CP) -Short-chain (SCCP, C10-13), -Medium-chain (MCCP, C14-17), -Long-chain (LCCP, C>17) Critically exposed: Lubricants, plasticiser, flame retardants Producers Risk-Profile Some producers may have changed their names or their business. Information sources on producers in data annex 1 Most relevant uses high concern concern Substance properties Ineos Chlor Ltd, UK, F (SCCP, MCCP, LCCP); Caffaro Caffaro S.p.A, I (SCCP, MCCP, LCCP); Leuna Tenside, D (MCCP, LCCP); Quimica del Cinca S.A., E (MCCP) very high concern Biodegradation in water Liability to bioaccumulate Toxicity to water organisms Carcinogene1 toxic to reproduction2 In % market volume Plasticiser in PVC 65% Plasticisers in varnishes, adhesives and sealing materials 9% Flame retardant in rubber 6% „Fattening“ substance in leather 2% Measured concentration in fresh water Exposure Metal cutting fluids 12% 1 SCCP 2 MCCP Concentration in sediments Concentration in organisms, food chain Concentration in breast milk or blood Others 6% !* = relevant lack of data Product Life-Cycle Releases to the environment Production Processing Potential final users 100-500 t/a 1000-5000 t/a Soil/Air/Water medium-chain CP in air or waste water from PVC processing Waste water from metal processing; waste water from leather processing; 1000-5000 t/a End-of-Life Prod. remaining in the enviroment* Waste treatment Recovery of PVC losses from PVC and rubber products quantification not possible Stand: 3/2003 © ANJ*T%".1@85"%1*(%,@%'"&2* " d3$>7&./$37%"3'"$3$>7&./$37/-.3H>7;-/%"R;"&'385?-"($"-./"@5'-./'"&'3?/%%($)"3@"$3$>7&./$37S" ;'/"%>$-./-(?"3');$(?"4;%%N&'385?/8"?./4(?;7%A"B./"4;'D/-"=3754/"3@"$3$>7&./$37%"(%" ;&&'3H(4;-/7>"F+,+++"-3$$/%"&/'">/;'"($"-./"01,"&'385?/8"6>"-<3"05'3&/;$"?34&;$(/%A" B./"4;($";'/;%"3@"5%/"3@"$3$>7&./$37%"3'"$3$>7&./$37/-.3H>7;-/%";'/"($85%-'(;7";$8" ?344/'?(;7"?7/;$($)";)/$-%,";5H(7(;'>"4;-/'(;7%"5%/8"($"4;D($)"&7;%-(?"&'385?-%"R/A)A"@338" &;?D;)($)S,"-/H-(7/%,"7/;-./',";$8";%";"?34&3$/$-"($"&;($-%";$8"&/%-(?(8/%A" d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n"($" '(=/'"<;-/'"+A!N!"x)J7,"%/8(4/$-%"\"!"4)JD),";$8"($"@(%."\"!"4)JD)A"d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x)JD)"@;-""R@()5'/"'/?;7?57;-/8"-3"@;-"?3$-/$-"3@"`ISA"U5/" -3"-./"5%/"3@"d3$>7&./$37"?34&35$8%"($"&;?D;)($)"4;-/'(;7,"@338"&'385?-%";'/"?3$-;4($;-/8" <(-."$3$>7&./$37"5&"-3";"7/=/7"3@"%34/"!+"x)JD)"@'/%."</().-"Rf5/$-./',"oA"/-";7,"*++*SA"" W??3'8($)"-3"'35)."/%-(4;-/%";635-"-/$"&/'"?/$-"3@"-./"4;'D/-"=3754/"&/'">/;'"(%"'/7/;%/8" 8('/?-7>"3'"($8('/?-7>"($-3"-./"/$=('3$4/$-"R<;-/'";$8"%3(7%Sa"%34/"`e"&/'"?/$-"(%"&'3?/%%/8" ($-3"3-./'"&'385?-%"3'"/$8%"5&"($"7;$8@(77%a";635-"`e"&/'"?/$-"(%";?-5;77>"4($/';7(%/8"($"<;%-/" <;-/'";$8"<;%-/"8(%&3%;7";$8"%3"'/$8/'/8".;'47/%%A" " " *F" Nonylphenolethoxylate out of control Environment 10%* All data: t/a 118.000 NPE 73.500 77.600 78.500 NP Production volume: constant ’94 Mineralised NP NPE 45% Production volume EU Fate - degradation in waste water treatment or waste incineration ’97 Market volume EU Landfilled and/or transformed 45% after end of service-life - further processing into other chemicals in percent of market volume Nonylphenolethoxylate (NPE) and Nonylphenol (NP) Critically exposed: as building block in NPEs and metabolite Non ionic surface-active substances and intermediate *90% of this to soil via sewage sludge Risk-Profile Producers of Nonylphenol Some producers may have changed their names or their business. Information sources on producers in data annex 1 Most relevant uses In % market volume Substance properties Sasol GmbH (ehem. Hüls AG) D; Enichem S.P.A., I; Institutional cleaning 30% Others 20% Components in Paints 5% very high concern Biodegradation in water Liability to bioaccumulate Toxicity to water organisms Toxic to reproduction, disruption krebserregend, mutagen,endocrine fortpflanzungsschädl. Measured concentration in fresh water Exposure Auxiliary in plastic production 12% Auxiliary in textile processing 10% Intermediate in the chemical industry 9% Auxiliary in leather processing 8% Components in pesticides 6% high concern concern Concentration in sediments Concentration in organisms, food chain Concentration in breast milk or blood !* = relevant lack of data Product Life-Cycle Releases to the environment 10-100 t/a Production from production of NPE Processing Potential final users, potential users in agriculture >5000 t/a Water/Soil* 45% from Cleaning 15% from Textile finishing 6% from Leather processing *90% of this to soil via sewage sludge Waste treatment No major relevance Stand: 3/2003 © ANS*R'2C*(%,@%'"&2*6T)#$%,'2C*-"&*@%1.(.(1)(*,'2C*(%,@%'"&2:* " P5%D"?34&35$8%";'/"%>$-./-(?"3');$(?"?./4(?;7%,"-./"4;'D/-"=3754/"3@"<.(?."(%";635-"!,`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z"+A!"x)J7"($"'(=/'"<;-/'";$8""z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a" 3$7>";635-"-/$"&/'"?/$-"(%";?-5;77>"4($/';7(%/8"($"<;%-/"<;-/'"-'/;-4/$-A" " " T+" Musk compounds out of control *5% of this are Nitro-Musks Environment* 2000 t/a* 90% Mineralised 1400 t/a 3583 2368 10% 2023 Landfilled Fate 0% ’92 ’95 after end of service-life ’98 Production volume EU Market volume EU in percent of market volume Musk-Components - Nitro-Musks (Keton und Xylene) - Polycyclic Musks (HHCB, AHTN) Critically exposed: Substitute for natural musks in the odourants industry *90% of this soil via sewage sludge Producers and Importers Some producers may have changed their names or their business. Information sources on producers in data annex 1 concern Substance properties Bush Boake Allen LTD, UK (HHCB, AHTN); Haarmann & Reimer, D (HHCB); International Flavours and Fragrances, UK, NL, IR (HHCB); Firmenich & Cie, F (HHCB); Quest International, UK (HHBC); Givaudan, CH (AHTN) Risk-Profile Most relevant uses In detergents Use as odourant very high concern Biodegradation in water Liability to bioaccumulate* * Musk xylole Toxic to aquatic organisms* with very high concern Carcinogen, endocrine disruption Measured concentration in fresh water In other domestic products For textile finishing Exposure In cosmetics (e.g. soaps, perfumes, cremes) high concern Concentration in sediments Concentration in organisms, food chain Concentration in breast milk or blood** ** absorption through skin from cosmetic products Product Life-Cycle Producers and users Production Processing Potential final users 1000-5000 t/a Water/Soil* Waste treatment * 90% of this soil via sewage sludge Mineralization in water treatment plants and resorption through skin not taken into account No major relevance Stand: 3/2003 © AN]*G)(81%$-")1)"5*6G0?:* " U(?.73';$(7($/"(%";"%>$-./-(?"3');$(?"?./4(?;7"<.(?.";43$)"3-./'"5%/%"(%"5%/8";%";"6;%/" ?./4(?;7"($"&'385?($)"./'6(?(8/%,";7)(?(8/%"R8(5'3$";$8"7($5'3$S";$8"6;?-/'(?(8/%" R-'(?.73'3?;'6;$(7(8/%,"B22WSA"B./"=3754/%"&'3?/%%/8"($-3"%5?.";?-(=/"%56%-;$?/%"(%";635-" `,+++Ne,+++"-3$$/%"&/'">/;'a"-./"4;'D/-"=3754/"3@"8(5'3$"<;%";635-"T,+++"-"($"!EEe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x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ichloranilin-Pesticides out of control *Production development stagnating/ downward trend Environment 100% 4.670 t/a* *DCA for further processing in the EU Decomposition in water to Dichloranilin(DCA) **1995 3000 t/a** 98 % Diuron, Linuron 2 % Trichlorcaranilide Production volume EU Fate after end of service-life Market volume EU in percent of market volume 3,4 Dichloranilin Building block and metabolite of Diuron, Linuron, Trichlorocarbanilide Critically exposed: Herbicide, algicide; bactericide Producers Risk-Profile Some producers may have changed their names or their business. Information sources on producers in data annex 1 high concern concern Substance properties Bayer AG, D (Dichloranilin, Diuron; Notification of Diuron for EU assessment); Aventis/Bayer; F (Diuron); Industry Prodotti Chimici SpA, I (Linuron); Makhteshim Agan International, B (Notification of Diuron for EU assessment) very high concern Biodegradation in water Liability to bioaccumulate Toxicity to water organisms Carcinogen*, endocrine disruption** krebserregend, mutagen, fortpflanzungsschädl. * applicable for Diuron ** applicable for 3,4 Dichloranilin and fish species Most relevant uses (Only Diuron und TCC) Antifouling* in paints, sealing products Bactericide* in soap and cosmetics Herbicide* Agriculture, traffic areas *herbes, bacteria, alge Exposure Measured concentration in fresh water Concentration in sediments Concentration in organisms, food chain Concentration in breast milk or blood !* = relevant lack of data Product Life-Cycle Production Releases to the environment 1-5 t/a Releases to the environment Processing Potential final users, potential users in agricultur Waste treatment 1000-5000 t/a Soil/Water/Air Herbicide Diuron on sealed paths and squares; Herbicide Diuron in agriculture (releases to soils); Antifouling paints; Bactericide TCCA in soaps and cosmetics No major relevance Stand: 3/2003 © AN^*3$)/1'$-1)"* " B'(@75';7($"(%";"%>$-./-(?"3');$(?"?./4(?;7,"-./"4;'D/-"=3754/"3@"<.(?."(%";635-"T,+++"-3$$/%" &/'">/;'A"#-"(%"&'385?/8"($"3$/"3'"-<3"&'385?-(3$"%(-/%"($"-./"01A" #$"05'3&/,"-'(@75';7($"(%"7;')/7>"5%/8";%";"./'6(?(8/"($")'3<($)"';&/A" 1$8/'"/$=('3$4/$-;7"?3$8(-(3$%"-'(@75';7($"3$7>"%73<7>"8/)';8/%"($"<;-/'";$8"%/8(4/$-%A""#$" ;88(-(3$"(-"-/$8%"-3"6(3;??5457;-/"($";C5;-(?"3');$(%4%"-.;-"(-"4;>"&3%%(67>"6(34;)$(@>"($"-./" @338"?.;($A"U5/"-3"(-%"3&/$"5%/"($"7;')/";435$-%"-'(@75';7($"(%"3@-/$"@35$8"($"'(=/'%"($".()." ?3$?/$-';-(3$%"R\"!"x)J7SA" B'(@75';7($"(%"=/'>"-3H(?"-3"@(%.A"#$";%%/%%($)"-./"/$=('3$4/$-;7"'(%D,"(4&3'-;$-"($@3'4;-(3$"(%" 7;?D($)"6/?;5%/"-./'/"(%"$3"'(%D";%%/%%4/$-">/-"@3'"-.(%"&/%-(?(8/";-"01"7/=/7A" B./'/"4;>"6/"%34/"!+"?34&;$(/%"5%($)"-'(@75';7($"($"-./('"&/%-(?(8/"&'385?-%A"B./"$546/'"3@" &3-/$-(;7"/$8N5%/'%"(%"/@@/?-(=/7>"(8/$-(?;7"-3"-./"$546/'"3@"@;'4/'%"($"-./"01A" B./"?34&7/-/"4;'D/-"=3754/"3@"-'(@75';7($"(%"'/7/;%/8"8('/?-7>"($-3"-./"/$=('3$4/$-"R;('," <;-/',"%3(7%SA" " " T`" Trifluralin out of control Environment 100% 3200 t/a No more registration/license in Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands (January 2001) ? Production volume EU Fate after end of service-life Market volume EU in percent of market volume Trifluralin Critically exposed: Selective herbicide Risk-Profile Producers Some producers may have changed their names or their business. Information sources on producers in data annex 1 Most relevant uses very high concern Biodegradation in water Liability to bioaccumulate Toxicity to water organisms Carcinogen, toxic to reproduction Measured concentration in fresh water Exposure Herbicide Agriculture in particular raps high concern concern Substance properties Dow Agro Science, UK (Production and notification for EU assessment); Manerbio Finchimica, I (Production); Makhteshim Agan Internat, B (Notification for EU assessment) Concentration in sediments Concentration in organisms, food chain Concentration in breast milk or blood !* = relevant lack of data Product Life-Cycle Releases to the environment Production Processing Potential users in agricultur Waste treatment 1000-5000 t/a No major relevance Stand: 3/2003 ©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x)J7,"65-"-./'/"(%"=/'>"7(--7/"8;-;"@'34"4/;%5'/4/$-%A"#-%" ?3$?/$-';-(3$%"($"3');$(%4%"%5))/%-"-.;-"(-"4;>";??5457;-/"($"-./"@338"?.;($a"-.(%"(%"43'/" 7(D/7>"=(;"%3(7%"-.;$"=(;"<;-/'A"U(?3@37"(%"'/)57;'7>";43$)"-./"43%-"@'/C5/$-7>"@35$8" &/%-(?(8/%"'/&3'-/8"($"-./";$$5;7"01N<(8/"&/%-(?(8/"'/%(85/"43$(-3'($)"&'3)';4%"RUf" QWd2Y,"!EEFN*++*SA" U(?3@37"(%"=/'>"-3H(?"-3"@(%.";$8"8;4;)($)"-3"6('8%X"'/&'385?-(3$A"B./'/"(%";"7;?D"3@"'/7/=;$-" ($@3'4;-(3$"6/?;5%/"-./'/"(%"$3"'(%D";%%/%%4/$-">/-"@3'"-.(%"&/%-(?(8/"&'3=(8/8";-"01"7/=/7A" Q34/"83M/$%"3@"?34&;$(/%"4;>"5%/"8(?3@37"($"-./('"&'385?-%"A"B./"$546/'"3@"&3-/$-(;7"/$8N 5%/'%"(%"/@@/?-(=/7>"(8/$-(?;7"-3"-./"$546/'"3@"@;'4/'%"($"-./"01A" B./"?34&7/-/"4;'D/-"=3754/"3@"8(?3@37"(%"'/7/;%/8"8('/?-7>"($-3"-./"/$=('3$4/$-"R;(',"<;-/'," %3(7%SA" " " Tt" Dicofol out of control Environment 2100 t/a 100% *No more registration/license in the nordic states, Germany and the Netherlands (January 2001) Fate 300 t/a* Production volume EU after end of service life Market volume EU in percent of market volume Dicofol (Kelthane new) Critically exposed: Contact acaricide Risk-Profile Producers Some producers may have changed their names or their business. Information sources on producers in data annex 1 Most relevant uses very high concern Biodegradation in water Hability to bioaccumulate Toxicity to water organisms Endocrine disruption, to reproduction krebserregend, mutagen,toxic fortpflanzungsschädl. Measured concentration in fresh water Exposure Acaricide*: agriculture *agent against mite high concern concern Substance properties Rohm & Haas, I (Production and Notification for EU assessment); Montecina, E; Makhteshin Agan, B (Notification for EU assessment) Concentration in sediments Concentration in organisms, food chain Concentration in breast milk or blood !* = relevant lack of data Product Life-Cycle Releases to the environment Production Processing Potential users in agricultur 100-500 t/a Waste treatment No major relevance Stand: 3/2003 © ANP**`$7-"%#)"*(%,@%'"&2a*#$)4'#.1*#)"*63E3:*-"&*#$)@85".1*#)"*63D3:* " Y');$3-($"?34&35$8%";'/";"'/7;-(=/7>"6'3;8")'35&"3@"4/-;773N3');$(?"?./4(?;7%"<.3%/" &'3&/'-(/%".;=/"=/'>"8(=/'%/"&'3@(7/%A"#$"-./"01,"-./"&'385?-(3$"=3754/"3@"-'(65->7"-($";$8" -'(&./$>7"-($,"<.(?.";'/"-./"/%&/?(;77>"-3H(?"?34&3$/$-%,"<;%";635-"T,+++N`,+++"-J;";-"-./"/$8" 3@"-./"$($/-(/%a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x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rganotin-Compounds out of control Environment 20% All data: t/a TBT 1.700 TBT ? Disposal TPT ? TPT Production development downwards Production volume EU Fate 80% after end of service-life 180 Market volume EU in percent of market volume Organotin-Compounds: Tributyltin (TBT), Triphenyltin (TPT) Critically exposed: Biocide (TBT) and Pesticide (TPT) Producers Risk-Profile Some producers may have changed their names or their business. Information sources on producers in data annex 1 concern Substance properties Cromton, D (Production of intermediates, biocides, pestizides, catalysts and stabilizers); Reagens, I (Production of catalysts, stabilizers); Atofina, NL (Production of biocides, pestizides, catalysts and stabilizers); BNT, D (Production of intermediates); Rohm & Haas, CH (Production of biocides and pestizides); Aventis, D (Production or import of Cyhexatin, Fentin); OXON Italia, I (Notification of Cyhexatin for EU assessment) BASF, D (Notification of Fenbutatin for EU assessment); ELF Atochem Agri, NL (Notification of Fenbutatin and Cyhexatin for EU assessment) in Dibutyltin-stabilisers and Dibutyltincatalysts 9% Antifouling paints 68% Wood preservatives; preservants and biocides in paints; biocide in textiles (tents), leather and carpets <5% Product Life-Cycle Production* Exposure Pesticides in potatoe and grapevine cultivation 10% Organic syntheses <8% Impurities very high concern Biodegradation in water Liability to bioaccumulate Toxicity to water organisms krebserregend,endocrine mutagen, effects fortpflanzungsschädl. Measured concentration in fresh water Most relevant uses In % market volume high concern Concentration in sediments Concentration in organisms, food chain Concentration in breast milk or blood Releases to the environment * including producers of Releases to the environment Butylzinn stabilisers Processing Potential final users, potential users in agriculture 100-500 t/a Water/Air/ Soil Waste treatment Recycling of PVC quantification not possible Stand: 3/2003 © AN;Q*0-&,)',* " 2;84(54"(%";"$;-5';7"4/-;7"<(-.";"4;'D/-"=3754/"($"-./"01"3@";635-"*,t++"-3$$/%A"B./'/";'/" $($/"4;$5@;?-5'/'%"($"05'3&/,";$8"&'385?-(3$"=3754/"($"-./"01"(%"'35).7>"83567/"-./"4;'D/-" =3754/A" 2;84(54"(%"4;($7>"5%/8"($"6;--/'(/%,"&()4/$-%,":_2"%-;6(7(%/'%,"($"-'/;-($)"4/-;7"%5'@;?/%," ;$8"($";773>%A" 2;84(54".;%";"$546/'"3@"&'367/4;-(?"?.;';?-/'(%-(?%A"W%";"4/-;7,"(-"(%"&/'%(%-/$-";$8"?;$"6/" -';$%&3'-/8"3=/'"73$)"8(%-;$?/%A"#-%"4/;$"?3$?/$-';-(3$"($"<;-/'"%/8(4/$-%"R!N!+"4)JD)"8<S" ;$8"'(=/'"<;-/'"R+A!N!"x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tF"&/'"?/$-"/$8%"5&";-"<;%-/"8(%&3%;7"%(-/%";$8";635-"!T"&/'"?/$-"3@" 4;'D/-/8"?;84(54"(%"'/?>?7/8A"B./"'/%-"/$-/'%"-./")'35$8";%";"?3$-;4($;$-"($"<;%-/" ($?($/';-(3$"%7;)"5-(7(%/8"@3'"?3$%-'5?-(3$"<3'D%A"K3</=/',"-./"6())/%-"&'3&3'-(3$"3@" /4(%%(3$%";'(%/%"($"-./"5$($-/$-(3$;7"'/7/;%/"3@"?;84(54"@'34"&'385?-%";$8"&'3?/%%/%"<./'/"(-" (%";$"(4&5'(->"/A)A"($";'-(@(?(;7"@/'-(7(%/'";$8"M($?,";$8"($"($?($/';-(3$"&'3?/%%/%";$8"%4/7-/'%A" " `+" Cadmium out of control Environment 4%* 5.800 t/a Production development: constant ’90 Recovery Disposal 22% 74% 2.600 t/a Fate after end of service-life ’00 Production volume EU Market volume EU in percent of market volume Cadmium Energy conservator in batteries, surface protection, hardening component in alloys, pigmentes, pvc-stabilizers Critically exposed: *Assumption: 50% of this recovery of incineration slag in road construction Producers Risk-Profile Some producers may have changed their names or their business. Information sources on producers in data annex 1 high concern concern Substance properties Asturiana de Zinc, E; Britannia Zinc Limited, UK; Budel Zink BV, NL; Enirisorse, I; Metaleurop Nord S.A.S., F; Metaleurop Weser Zink GmbH, D; Norzink, NOR; Outokumpu Zinc OY, FIN; Ruhr-Zink GmbH, D; Floridienne Chimie S.A., B (Cadmiumoxid) very high concern Biodegradation in water Liability to bioaccumulate Toxicity to water organisms Carcinogen krebserregend, mutagen, fortpflanzungsschädl. Most relevant uses In % market volume (1996) Batteries 75% PVC stabilizer 5% Surface protection, alloy 5% Exposure Pigments 15% Measured concentration in fresh water Concentration in sediments Concentration in organisms, food chain Concentration in breast milk or blood Product Life-Cycle Releases to the environment Unwanted emissions from 1-10 t/a products and production processes, Production Processing that do not aim at extracting or using cadmium, are approximatly 30 times larger (170 t/a) 1-10 t/a Potential final user Waste treatment Recycling of batteries and PVC 10-100 t/a Water*/Air * Tyres, breaks, road cover; Roofing material; Artist’s paints; PVC stabilizers, pigments; Alloy and metal coatings Pollution from mineral fertilizer about 10 times higher (260 t/a) 10-100 t/a Water*/Air *Assumption: 25% of domnestic waste goes to incineration Stand: 3/2003 © * * * * * * * * * * * * ?@@5"&)F* " `*" E*****?@@5"&)F*E;*[*D$%&'(5$2* "" ;NQ****D$%&'(5$2*%/*2'42#-"(52** " 2./4(?;7"%56%-;$?/%";'/"5%5;77>"&'385?/8"6>"3$/"-3"@(=/"?34&;$(/%"($"05'3&/,"8/&/$8($)"3$" 4;'D/-"=3754/A"#$";88(-(3$"-./'/"4;>"6/"%/=/';7"?34&;$(/%"3$7>"(4&3'-($)"-./"%56%-;$?/%A" B./"$;4/%"3@"&'385?/'%";$8"(4&3'-/'%"3@"%56%-;$?/%"<(-.";"4;'D/-/8"=3754/"\"!+J-"&/'">/;'" ?;$"($"&'($?(&;7"6/"(8/$-(@(/8"3$"-./"05'3&/;$"8;-;"6;%/"3$"/H(%-($)"%56%-;$?/%"R#12^#US"=(;" -./"05'3&/;$"2./4(?;7%"Z5'/;5"R.--&nJJ/?6A]'?A(-SA"K3</=/',"%($?/"-./"5&8;-($)"3@"-.(%"8;-;"6;%/" 36=(35%7>"83/%"$3-"%5@@(?(/$-7>"<3'D,";88(-(3$;7"($@3'4;-(3$"(%"$//8/8"($"43'/"-.;$".;7@"3@" -./"($=/%-();-/8"?;%/%A"W7%3,"(-"(%"$3-"&3%%(67/"-3"?7/;'7>"%/&;';-/"&'385?/'%";$8"(4&3'-/'%"($" -./"&567(?7>";??/%%(67/"8;-;"6;%/A""" #$"-./"@3773<($)"7(%-"3@"&'385?/'%,"-./"($@3'4;-(3$"%35'?/%";'/"($8(?;-/8"@3'"/;?."%56%-;$?/%A" d/=/'-./7/%%,"-.(%"($@3'4;-(3$"4;>"$//8"@5'-./'"5&8;-($)"3'"?3''/?-(3$%A"#$"%34/"?;%/%" (4&3'-/'%"4;>";7%3"6/"($?758/8"($"-./"7(%-A" " ;N;**GMID*D$%&'(5$2*6G$-/#*B?B9*R-.*>QQ;9*6(5-25&*@$%&'(#)%"2*$5,%O5&:* " 0%,@-".* \%(-#)%"* +%'$(5* ZWQL"Wf" ZWQL,"0%&;$37;" Z:"2./4(?;7%" 2/7;$/%/!"" 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___"o344(%%(3$n"o344(%%(3$"8/'"d(/8/'%g?.%(%?./$"^;$8/%'/)(/'5$)"M5'"_/'4/(85$)," _/'4($8/'5$)"5$8"_/'</'-5$)"=3$"W6@g77/$a"Z/'(?.-"8/%"W'6/(-%D'/(%/%"!Ta"*+++a" Q-;-(%-(%?./%"Z5$8/%;4-a"L;?.%/'(/"!E,"V/(./"`"14</7-lD3$34(%?./"f/%;4-'/?.$5$)/$"!EE*" 14</7-65$8/%;4-a"U;-/$"M5'"14</7-"!EE*" B/4;d3'8"*+++nee+n"L;-/";$8"0@@/?-%"3@"2./4(?;7%"($"-./"d3'8(?"0$=('3$4/$-%"V/7;-/8"-3"-./"1%/"3@" Z(3?(8/%,"*+++" " F`" Anhand von zehn Fallbeispielen zeigt die vorliegende Studie, dass in Europa häufig gefährliche Stoffe bei der Herstellung von Konsumprodukten verwendet werden. Sie finden über Haut, Atemwege und die Nahrung ihren Weg in unsere Körper. Die Fallbeispiele verdeutlichen, wie nötig ein neues und starkes EU-Chemikalienrecht ist, um die Risiken gefährlicher Stoffe rechtzeitig und effektiv bekämpfen zu können. Dazu gehört auch, dass Produzenten und Importeure von Chemikalien verpflichtet werden, ihre Produkte zu registrieren und genügend Daten für eine vernünftige Risikobewertung aller sich auf dem S 1281 Markt befindlichen und produzierten Stoffe zu liefern. Greenpeace e.V. 22745 Hamburg Tel. 040/306 18-0; Fax. 040/30618-100 Email: mail @ greenpeace.de Politische Vertretung Berlin, Chausseestr. 131, 10115 Berlin Tel. 030 / 30 88 99 - 0, Fax 030/30 88 99-30 Internet: www. greenpeace.de