foodstuff
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foodstuff
no 1/00 1/01 no Lyckeby foodstuff “Swedish” ketchup breaks through in the Ukraine p . 2 Kiev UKRAINE Odessa Kachovka The new trends 5 Building the food of the future 6 Starch improves yoghurt 8 www.food.lyckeby.com Ukrainian tomatoes a true “c atc h u p” s t o r y They did not start with two empty hands – but with a bag of cucumber seeds and a ton of determination. Today, almost eight years later, Johan Bodén and Carl Sturén are running one of Ukraine’s most successful companies – Chumak. TEXT JÖRGEN OLSSON PHOTO ERIK MÅRTENSSON T omato ketchup is Chumak’s most successful product. The product was established in 1997 and has recently been voted ’best known brand name’ in the country. More than 90 percent of the people in the Ukraine know what Chumak is and what they do. “We analysed how the Ukrainians consume and what they eat. The food is not very varied; people eat lots of fried potatoes and fried meat. We realised that there was a golden opportunity to sell seasoning accessories,” says Johan Bodén. They decided on ketchup. Until then, ketchup had been available mostly as expensive, occasional imports or as domestic products of varying quality. To help them, they found an American who had been in the tomato industry for 40 years. Their original attempt was growing cucumbers on 100 acres of land, borrowed from a kolkhoz. They did everything themselves, from planting to selling canned cucumber. That way they learned what was required to make the production work. You have to be independent “But we also learned that it was necessary to be totally independent in every respect; we could not be sure that anything would work if we did not handle it by ourselves. It is only now that we have been able to outsource work and get some partners. We realised that producing and selling cucumbers was like selling igloos to Eskimos. 2➞3 Swedish entrepreneurs Carl Sturén and Johan Bodén have taken ketchup to new heights in the Ukraine. Called Chumak, their company is one of the most successful in that country. Everyone here knows everything about cucumbers,” says Johan Bodén Chumak runs its operation in the vicinity of the town Kachovka, close to the northern edge of the Black Sea. Today, the company has four production facilities and four warehouses in different communities, plus its own transport company. Chumak has 1,200 employees and sales of SEK 400 million per year. The number of employees triples during the busy season. “For every person employed by us, another six or seven people are occupied indirectly one way or another. That means that during the busy season, more than 20,000 people are dependant on us in some way. In a region of 900,000 people, we are an important employer,” says Johan Bodén. Two and a half million acres Southern Ukraine, where Chumak’s farming operations are located, offers unique conditions. The area is made up of dry, flat steppes with enormous fields. It rarely rains more relations Poland Chumak: fact and fiction White Russia Kiev Chumak is not a made up name, the word has UKRAINE been part of the Ukrainian language for Moldavia Odessa centuries. The original Chumak was a merchant Kachovka during the Middle Ages. He traded salt, which at the time was used as currency. Throughout Romania history, the Chumaks have occupied an the Black Sea important place among Ukrainian story tellers. Legend has it, for example, that the Milky Way is ”Road of the Chumaks.” Every now and then, they would drop grains of salt during their walk in the sky; this salt is what we call stars today. Russia ›› www.food.lyckeby.com ›› than 70 millimetres during the growing season, June through September. But – they have an irrigation system, quite possibly the best in the world. It took 20 years to build and has the capacity to irrigate two and a half million acres, an area that seems hard to comprehend. That corresponds to more than a third of the total area being cultivated in Sweden. “The irrigation system enables us to grow fruit, vegetables and oil producing plants in the same location, something that is very unusual. Normally, you get about 8 tons of tomatoes per acre – we get around 22 tons,” says Johan Bodén. The two are related. Johan Bodén is Carl Sturén’s uncle, and the tradition of food production runs in the family. The Örnäs family business has been producing jams and juices since 1932. “I have had the privilege of travelling a lot, and I have been exposed to growing and farming in many parts of the world. I have watched, listened, and learned and as time went on, I heard more and more about the exceptionally good conditions in the Ukraine,” says Johan Bodén. When his nephew, Carl Sturén, had finished his military service, both he and Johan Bodén wanted to establish themselves internationally. Carl went to the Ukraine and spent a year travelling to get to know the country. “We brought our own knowledge and our traditions, but it was difficult in the beginning,” Johan Bodén recalls. Everything in the Ukraine had been destroyed after the fall of the Soviet Union; the infrastructure was in shambles. An enormous market The market in this part of the world is huge, especially if you are producing food. “There are 50 million people here who wake up every day with the same question: ’What are we going to eat today,’ Johan Bodén says. Chumak recently started exports to Russia, where they have opened sales offices in a number of locations. The long-term goal is to establish several brand names with the same recognition and impact as the largest equivalents in the western world. But Johan Bodén and Carl Sturén are also making plans for the international market. “Israel, the U.S. and Canada are very interesting. There are many descendants of immigrants, and our products fit their culinary traditions,” Johan Bodén says. Svetlana Stytsura is food technician at Chumak. She is one example of the collaboration with Lyckeby Stärkelsen in that she’s been trained at Lyckeby Stärkelsens’s facilities in Sweden. ”Lyckeby Stärkelsen understands our needs” Chumak started to collaborate with Lyckeby Stärkelsen early on. The advantages of potato starch became evident during development of the ketchup. “We worked on developing a ketchup with a home cooked taste and quality, because we had discovered that’s what people wanted. During that process, we came across 4➞5 Lyckeby Stärkelsen. It turned out that their potato starch had the properties we needed – which the corn starch did not,” Johan Bodén says. Other starch producers are calling on Chumak all the time, but Johan Bodén expects co-operation with Lyckeby Stärkelsen to develop and get closer. Svetlana Stytsura, one of Chumak’s food technologists, has participated in training at Lyckeby Stärkelsen’s facilities in Sweden. Chumak expects to send more employees soon. “This has to do with how you do business down here. You can’t just come here and sell a product. You have to offer more: support of different kinds, or training. Lyckeby Stärkelsen has understood that,” Johan Bodén explains. health & safety They are developing the n e w starch What do top athletes and diabetics have in common? The answer is starch – but with different functional properties. Intensive research is going on within the Lyckeby Stärkelsen Group to develop the starches of the future. TEXT AND PHOTO JÖRGEN OLSSON T “ wo trends become clear. One supplies the athletes with quick energy, the other may help make life easier for diabetics,” says Hans Rydin, president of Lyckeby Stärkelsen Food & Fibres’ sister company, Carbamyl. Carbamyl is behind the sportsdrink Vitargo. Because of its patented starch, Vitargo keeps its promises. Other sportsdrinks only makes them. The special carbohydrate in Vitargo represents one of the development trends. Here we are talking about a type of starch that helps the body absorb extra energy very quickly. This is important for endurance during long, hard workouts or competition. The Vitargo solution is hypotonic, or rather extremely hypotonic, compared to the established carbohydrates in sportsdrinks, which makes Vitargo leave the stomach almost as fast as plain water. The body’s carbohydrate reserves are replenished faster. The result for the athlete is that his/her energy balance is assured and endurance is increased. Carbamyl GM Hans Rydin works with Åke Ståhl on developing tomorrow’s starch. Product development of the energy drink Vitargo continues and Hans Rydin predicts there will be many more uses in the future. The Swedish national tennis team and the top skiers are among the consumers, but the general public has yet to discover and embrace the drink. The reason they have not is that Vitargo cannot yet be sold ready-mixed. “Drink your meal!” “The goal is to be able to supply Vitargo ready to drink. We can then enter the soft drink market,” says Hans Rydin. Rydin envisions a future where the patented Vitargo starch may be used in other drinks – in health care, for example. “In the U.S., some drinks are advertised as meal replacements, which means that you “drink your meal”. Other studies have shown that if you take protein to build muscle mass, an even better result is achieved if you combine the protein with carbohydrates. Vitargo is interesting in all those cases,” Rydin says. A completely different trend The other trend within the development of starch goes in the opposite direction. Here we are talking about so called resistant starch or white fibre. Its properties are totally in line with current thinking in nutrition and food industry. The resistant starch, a dietary fibre component, has what in technical language is called a low glycemic index. This is a way to measure how fast and how much the blood sugar rises after a meal. The lower the glycemic index, the smaller the increase in blood sugar. The resistant starch has a very low index. This is due to the fact that the nutrients from the starch are not absorbed in the small intestine but proceed into the large intestine where they are converted by the natural bacterial flora in the digestive system. “This is very important for diabetics. But it is also thought to counter some diseases of the good life,” Rydin says. w w w. c a r b a m y l . s e www.food.lyckeby.com The engineer who creates f o o d s f o r t he f u t u r e “The four key words for the food of the future are convenience, safety, experience and health.” We are quoting Kenneth Andersson, head of research and development at the Swedish dairy-company Skånemejerier. Kenneth Andersson advises food producers not to lock themselves into specific raw materials. The controlling factor should be customer’s needs, not your own process. TEXT AND PHOTO JÖRGEN OLSSON W hen Andersson talks about the foods of the future and future food consumption, he usually builds his reasoning on the four basic principles: convenience, safety, experience and health. All of them must be there and all are equally important. For example, it is no longer possible to sell a food item based only on the message that it is healthy – it also has to taste good. “And nobody can compromise safety. If, for example, you eliminate the sugar, you have to replace it with something that is not more dangerous than the sugar would have been,” Andersson explains. He says that the way to compete successfully in the future market for foodstuffs is to start thinking in new directions. “You really must not base your thinking on the raw materials you use most of the time – milk in our case. You must base your thinking on the needs of the marketplace, otherwise you get locked in. At Skånemejerier, we are thinking of cereals, but not in the traditional form of flour or mueslie, but in the form of drinks. For instance, the fuctional food-drink ProViva is based on oats, and oats are interesting. In part because of its fibre content and in part because it is naturally gluten free.” More and more starch Another raw material which is attracting the interest of Skånemejerier is fruit. 6➞7 “It has to do with the fact that we think that the market for desserts, which we in Sweden traditionally have not known how to capture, will be expanding. In this context it is easy to see that our use of starch will increase. As demands for reduction of fat in foods escalate, the functional properties of fat have to be replaced. Starch is the natural replacement,” Andersson says. An increasing market for desserts is one of the future trends Andersson is predicting. But he suggests that the food industry in general is not moving in any one specific direction. “Rather, we are seeing a number of parallel developments. One trend is increasing consumption of fast food, which means that we must make it better and more nutritious. Another trend is in the opposite direction, i.e. ‘slow-food,’ There is great interest in cooking in Sweden right now. Cooks are treated like stars, and cooking is very popular. This means that raw material standards increase. A third trend is simplification; making cooking easier. People are no longer as knowledgeable. Therefore cooking needs to be simplified. In our case, that might mean that we provide creme fraiche with different flavours.” Bridge for ideas Andersson describes his present work at Skånemejerier as “being the ’&’ in R&D – a bridge between the research and the company.” He collects and evaluates ideas coming from the outside. Eight years ago the successful Swedish ProViva drink was one of these. portrait “On the other hand, you need a whole lot of ideas to develop one new product. The trick is for all parties to realise what it is that they are good at. At Skånemejerier we know we are not good at research, but we are good at finding the right partners. We are also careful to make sure that there will be a win-win situation for all partners, such as the researcher keeping the patent while we own the trademark. That way we can be sure that those who conduct studies for us are very active,” Kenneth Andersson says. Affe 2001 © “Skånemejerier does not have its own research department and we are not planning to build one either. We are good at product development, production and marketing. We buy research from the outside,” Andersson explains. He is the one who collects the ideas, sifts them, evaluates them, and runs projects. At present about ten different potential projects are being studied. According to Kenneth Andersson, there is no shortage of new product ideas. Especially after the success with ProViva ideas are submitted in a steady stream, mostly from researchers. Threats and opportunities Kenneth Andersson is also a believer in continuing development of “functional foods” - foods that occupy the grey area between foodstuffs, health food and medicines. But he also recognises that development is associated with risks. “The danger is that opportunists emerge, add a vitamin to the juice and call it functional food. They could destroy much and that would be too bad. As I see it, this development is a great chance for consumers to get good products. At Skånemejerier, we are working to enact laws regulating functional foods. We want clinical studies of the finished product to be required, not only for specific ingredients. “But this certainly is a grey area. The way laws are structured today, we cannot claim that ProViva either cures, alleviates or prevents anything, for example. At the same time we know that doctors recommend it to patients who are being treated with antibiotics.” Kenneth Andersson Kenneth Andersson has been head of Skånemejerier’s R&D for ten years. Before that he worked as a process developer at Alfa Laval, and as product developer at Svenska Mejeriernas Riksförbund (Federation of Swedish Dairies). He has a masters degree in Engineering from Lund’s Technical University, Sweden. This year, he received the Swedish Food Technology Association Foodstuff Award for his work with ProViva. www.food.lyckeby.com Yoghurt with starch –the right feel Dairy products have a central role in our diet. In the EU alone, dairy products represent all of 16 percent of foodstuffs production at a market value of 88 million Euro or approximately 81 million USD. TEXT CARL-GUNNAR NILSSON PHOTO KARL ERIKSSON Carl-Gunnar Nilsson is a development technician at Lyckeby Stärkelsen Research & Technology T here is a desire to attain attractive texture, taste and appearance for many of these products in combination with improved nutritional content. This could mean reduced fat content or an altered fats composition, but without changing the texture, taste or mouthfeel, and all without too great a cost. Yoghurt is one dairy product that increases steadily both in volume and in number of new products. Definition of yoghurt According to FAO/WHO, yoghurt is a coagulated milk product made by adding the lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus Bulgaricus and Streptococcus Thermophilus to milk or milk products. These bacteria lower the pH value and initiate fermentation. The process can be carried out with or without various additives such as milk powder, skim milk powder, whey powder or similar products. The micro-organisms in the final product must be viable and numerous. However, depending on national rules, the appellation yoghurt is also used for so-called long-life yoghurt where the product has been heat-treated after fermentation in order to kill the bacteria. Legislation varies from country to country as to what is yoghurt and which ingredients may be included. Consistency, texture and taste may vary greatly in yoghurt. The most common type is called “stirred”, fermented in a tank and stirred before packaging. This yoghurt does not achieve the same firmness as the one called “gelled”, which is fermented in the packaging without stirring. There is also a thin, drinkable yoghurt variant. 8➞9 Consistency and taste To attain a full-bodied taste and texture, yoghurt must have a rather high fat content and an enhanced solids content. Though comparably expensive, the latter is raised either by evaporating milk to make it more concentrated or by adding milk protein or milk powder. Fat content is controlled at the raw material stage by choosing milk with the desired fat content. While this can vary from zero percent up to ten, the most common is between 1.5 and 3 percent. Whey separation is common in yoghurt because of the raw materials composition and the manufacturing process. A free aqueous phase or syneresis forms which both looks unappetising and reduces shelf life. A stabiliser is often added to the finished yoghurt in order to prevent syneresis, such as gelatine, pectin, other hydrocolloids or mixes of these. Gelatine is the most common, though of late it has been replaced due to the BSE debate and a negative reputation. Pectin and various types of hydrocolloid mixes are all comparably expensive. It is more cost-effective to use starch. Not only does it provide a better texture and mouthfeel, especially at low fat contents, but it is also very effective at preventing whey separation during storage. Modified potato starch is a very attractive alternative for yoghurt since it binds more water at the same concentrations than do other starches. The Microlys starches from Lyckeby Stärkelsen consist of modified potato starch that not only provide high viscosity, but also lend the final product a lustrous, smooth texture. The choice of process parameters, such as temperature and homogenising method, is important to ensure that the functionality Advantages with using starch in yoghurt • Helps create a full-bodied and rich taste without added tinges. • Does not form lumps. • Improved water binding prevents separation (syneresis) and extends shelf life. • Improves consistency and creates a creamier texture. • Generally has a higher hygienic standard than milk powders. • Is more standardised than milk powder that often varies with the seasons. • Takes less space than milk powder to store and needs no cooling. final yoghurt meets desired standards. The Microlys starches have been developed to work in many different processes. Whether we’re talking about high temperatures, long dwell time or varied homogenisation, these products contribute to making a yoghurt with a smooth structure and a full-bodied feel. Since the Microlys starches can withstand low temperature storage, they are perfectly suited for use in yoghurt products that almost always are stored cold. Manufacturing When yoghurt is made, starch is added to milk with a standardised fat content of say 1.5 percent. The milk is continuously stirred and pre-warmed, homogenised and pasteurised. It is then cooled to the fermentation temperature after which the yoghurt culture is added. In order to attain the desired pH level, texture and taste, the milk is fermented for three to four hours at app. 43°C (110°F). The starch chosen depends on such factors as the fat content of the milk, pre-warming temperature, homogenisation pressure and the texture desired in the finished product. To get a thick, full-bodied texture using milk with a 1.5 percent fat content, the following recipe might be used: Milk: 96.0 % MICROLYS 34: 1.5-2.0 % Culture: 2.0 % The pre-warming temperature ought to be between 5055°C (122-131°F) and the homogenization pressure 150200 bar. After that the milk should be pasteurised at 9095°C (194-203°F) with a holding time of app. 5 min. How the yoghurt is to be stored is also a deciding factor in order to ensure that syneresis not occur and the texture remains unchanged. Fruit preparations When using fruit preparations in yoghurt it is important that the perception and sensation of fruit is emphasised and that any fruit pieces remain intact. The fruit preparation should also contribute to the viscosity of the final mix via a so-called carry-over effect that makes the product more stable. Using the right starch is vital to obtaining the right texture and preventing syneresis. The choice depends on the type of fruit, taste desired, pH level and texture requirements. The Microlys starches from Lyckeby Stärkelsen satisfy all parameters of weight for yoghurt. A typical fruit preparation can comprise the fruit raw material, sugar and/or glucose syrup, Microlys, aromatic and colour additives, plus an acidity controller. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.food.lyckeby.com M I C R O LY S • POTEX • OPASET • MEETEX • TRECOM Nordiskt Mejeriforum in Malmö, June 14-16 For the first time since 1986 Sweden will act as host for the Nordic Dairy Forum. Previously the event was arranged by the Svenska Mejeritekniska Föreningen (Swedish Association of Dairy Technology), Svenska Mejeristföreningen (Swedish Dairy Association) and the Swedish dairy companies. From now on the arranger will be the new association called Mejeritekniskt Forum. This year’s Mejeriforum is the 39th since the first one in 1920. Since 1977 the congresses have been run jointly between the five Scandinavian countries. In June when the large Scandinavian dairy companies, including Arla Foods, Valio and Norske Mejerier gather in Malmö the emphasis will be on quality and product development. w w w. n o r d i s k m e j e r i k o n g r e s s . o r g / . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An agreement has been reached between the member states of the EU through the European Council and the European Parliament regarding the renegotiation of the ten-year old GMO Directive 90/220. One the areas covered by the directive is how member states should test genetically modified crops before they are released on the market. The regulations include permits for and labelling of genetically modified organisms (GMO) and some of the changes in the directive follow: • Imposing a ten-year maximum time-limit on permits to grow GMO crops. • Phasing out and gradually forbidding use of antibiotic resistant genes in GMOs. • Requirements for clear labelling of GMO products. According to Robert Andrén, departmental secretary at the Swedish Ministry of the Environment, ”the directive was adopted in February 2001. After that the member states will have 18 months to incorporate the rules in their national legislation, meaning that the directive should be in force throughout the EU no later than six months into year 2002.” In addition, the European Commission has presented a working paper on traceability and labelling. A sharper proposal for a traceability and labelling system of GMOs is expected in March this year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ready for new steps GMO directive Starch that purifies water Carbamyl AB, Lyckeby Stärkelsen's company for business development, is carrying out trials using a starch to purify water. The background is that as environmental requirements increase, the occasions when traditional purification ceases to function increase as well. So far, this new, starch-based purification agent is unnamed, but it is being used in experiments purifying water containing oil and fats from such sources as boats, diaires and the chemo-technical industry. Because the pollutants in these cases often are so finely divided in the water, traditional separation methods simply don’t work. The purification agent is a floculation type, meaning that it attracts and collects finely divided pollutants in the water for later removal by filtration or centrifugation. The experiments conducted so far have left positive results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 ➞ 11 MEX • M A R I B I N D • E M O LY S • L Y G E L • S W E LY Good times for potato starch Solid results from the 2000 potato campaign. ”We’re satisfied, the growers are satisfied and the harvest has been good,” says Hans Berggren, Managing Director for Lyckeby Stärkelsen Food & Fibre. In spite of the excellent harvest there seems to be too little starch on the market. ”The reason is that EU rules have reduced allowable harvest volumes,” says Hans Berggren. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Improved MPS System During the spring Lyckeby Stärkelsen Food & Fibre will introduce a new MPS system. (MPS = material and productions control). The new system will enable more efficient handling of forecasts, as well as facilitating and improving production planning. Traceability over the whole production chain will also be improved. It is expected that the new system will begin functioning May 1, 2001. ”The most visible result will be that the analysis certificate will have a somewhat different appearance. However, the contents will still be the same,” says plant manager Ingvar Persson. GEL news stuff New times in the old East Welcome to a new issue of Lyckeby Foodstuff! Since the last issue we have made progress and are proud to present a magazine that is both more filling and easier on the eye. In this issue, you will find an article about one of our customers in the Ukraine. Chumak is a very successful company. We have collaborated from the start. Lyckeby Stärkelsen is investing a lot in the East European markets, and this investment will continue during the next few years. Great opportunities open up in these new/old states, and new food companies with the right direction and focus often grow very fast. This is where Lyckeby Stärkelsen has a place as an active and advanced knowledge partner. The dairy business is another theme in the magazine. This industry is developing quickly, with new products appearing almost daily. The possibilities for improvement of these products, using different types of processed potato starches, are great. We are investing significant development resources in this area, so we will continue to be the collaborative partner our customers need. Finally, you can’t help being fascinated by all the possibilities starch offers. We find starches as additives throughout the entire food industry, while at the same time a unique starch product like Vitargo is one of the most effective carbohydrate loaders on the market. What’s next? Check out our home page – you may find the answer there! Hans Berggren Managing Director, Lyckeby Stärkelsen Food & Fibre AB Lyckeby foodstuff Editorial board Hans Berggren, Bengt Jakobsson, Ingela Asplund, Jörgen Olsson (editor) hans.berggren@lyckeby-starch.se bengt.jakobsson@lyckeby-starch.se ingela.asplund@lyckeby-starch.se jorgen@wirtenmedia.se Editorial production Wirtén Media AB, Lund Graphic design Edgren & Co, Lund. Address Lyckeby Foodstuff, Lyckeby Stärkelsen Food & Fibre AB, SE-291 91 Kristianstad, Sweden. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepress & print Trydells, Laholm. Translation DagForsell/Transförlag. w w w. f o o d . l y c k e b y. c o m Visit us on the Internet Visit our website for news, application ideas and more information about what Lyckeby Stärkelsen has to offer for your company’s processes and products. food.lyckeby.com Lyckeby Stärkelsen Food & Fibre AB SE-291 91 Kristianstad Tel +46(0)44-23 42 00 Fax +46(0)44-23 42 09 e-mail lsff@lyckeby-starch.se website food.lyckeby.com
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