HOW TO GET THERE…
Transcription
HOW TO GET THERE…
HOW TO GET THERE… The Up-to-Date Guide for Getting to Events Associated with the 2005 Biennial Convention of the American Volkssport Association HOW Appetizer Events Sat., June 18 Shepherdstown, West Virginia Sat., June 18 Tarara Winery, Virginia Sun, June 19 Leakin Park, Baltimore, Maryland Sun, June 19 Washington, D.C. (torch walk) Tues., June 21 New Hope, Pennsylvania (relocated from Washington's Crossing because of trail damage) Convention Events Wed., June 22 Atlantic City, New Jersey Thur., June 23 Camden-New JerseyPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania (start at the Cherry Hill Hilton) Fri, June 24 Haddonfield, New Jersey (start at the Cherry Hill Hilton) Seasonal Cherry Hill-Harleigh Cemetery, New Jersey (start at the Cherry Hill Hilton; walk anytime during daylight from June 18 through June 26) Dessert Events Sat, June 25 Trenton, New Jersey Sun, June 26 Wilmington, Delaware Note: Every effort has been made to provide accurate, up-to-date maps and driving directions. We cannot guarantee that roads will be open because of construction, weather-related factors, or other causes. Addresses of start points have been provided. You can obtain direct information about road closures and other such issues from state and local transportation departments or other sources accessed on-line. How to Get There… 2005 AVA Convention-Related Events (6/15/05) Page 1 Saturday, June 18, 2005 Start walking between 8:00 AM and 1:00 PM; finish by 5:00 PM Shepherdstown WV Sara Cree Hall, Shepherd University 301 N. King St, Shepherdstown WV 25443 From the South and West (via I-81 from Winchester VA) 1. Take I-81 to the north into West Virginia to Exit 12 (WV-45/ Winchester Ave) in Martinsburg. 2. Turn right onto WV-45 east for 0.8 miles in Martinsburg. 3. Bear right to take the WV-9/ Queen St/ WV-45 East ramp and turn left to drive on Queen St. for 2.0 miles to Moler Ave. 4. Turn right to drive on WV-45/ Moler Ave. for 8.3 miles to the intersection with WV-480/ Duke St. in Shepherdstown. 5. Continue straight to drive on what now is German St. in for two blocks to King St. 6. Turn left to drive on King St. for two blocks, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the East (via I-81 from Frederick MD) 1. If traveling from the east on I-70 in Maryland, drive toward the west side of Frederick. 2. Take Exit 52 onto US-340/US-15 (toward Charles Town/ Leesburg). Drive on US-340 West for 21.2 miles, crossing the Potomac River into West Virginia, until you reach WV-230. 3. Turn right to drive on WV-230 north for 8.7 miles to Princess St. in Shepherdstown. 4. Turn right to drive on Princess St/ WV-230 for two blocks to German St. 5. Turn left to drive on German St. for one block to King St. 6. Turn right to drive on King St. for two blocks, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the Tarara Vineyard VA Walk 1. Take Tarara Lane south to its end at Lost Corner Rd (VA-662). 2. Turn right to drive on VA-662 for 0.9 miles to the intersection with St. Clair Lane (VA-658) 3. Turn right to drive on VA-658 for 1.8 miles to US-15. 4. Turn right to drive on US-15 for 7.3 miles across the Potomac River into Maryland until you reach Mountville Rd. 5. Turn left to drive on Mountville Rd. for 2.0 miles to Lander Rd. 6. Turn right to drive on Lander Rd. for about 0.1 miles to the entrance ramp for US-340 West (toward Charles Town). 7. Turn left to drive on US-340 West for 15.1 miles crossing the Potomac River into West Virginia, until you reach WV-230. 8. Turn right to drive on WV-230 north for 8.7 miles to Princess St. in Shepherdstown. 9. Turn right to drive on Princess St/ WV-230 for two blocks to German St. 10. Turn left to drive on German St. for one block to King St. 11. Turn right to drive on King St. for two blocks, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. How to Get There… 2005 AVA Convention-Related Events (6/15/05) Page 2 Saturday, June 18, 2005 Start walking between 8:00 AM and 2:00 PM; finish by 5:00 PM Tarara Winery VA 13648 Tarara Lane, Leesburg VA 20176 From the North (via I-70 from Frederick MD) 1. If traveling on I-70 in Maryland, drive toward the west side of Frederick. 2. Take Exit 52 (if traveling from the east) or Exit 52A (if traveling from the west) onto US-340/US-15 (toward Charles Town/ Leesburg). 3. Drive on US-340/US-15 for 4.4 miles to the exit for US-15 (toward Leesburg). 4. Exit left to drive on US-15 for 7.2 miles to the Point of Rocks Bridge over the Potomac River and into Virginia. 5. Continue straight on US-15 for 2.1 miles to St. Clair Lane (VA-658). 6. Turn left to drive on VA-658 for 1.8 miles to Lost Corner Rd. (Lucketts Rd to the right; VA-662). 7. Turn left to drive on VA-662 for 0.9 miles to Tarara Lane (with signs for Tarara Winery). 8. Turn left to drive on Tarara Lane for about 0.3 miles, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the South (via US-15 from Leesburg VA) 1. Take VA-267 (the Dulles Greenway toll road) or any other route you wish to Leesburg. Continue north on the US-15 bypass on the east side of Leesburg. 2. Drive north from Leesburg on US-15 for about 8 miles to the small town of Lucketts with a single traffic signal at Lucketts Rd (VA-662). 3. Turn right to drive on VA-662 (even as its name ultimately changes to Lost Corner Rd) for 2.9 miles to Tarara Lane (with signs for Tarara Winery). 4. Turn left to drive on Tarara Lane for about 0.3 miles, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the Shepherdstown WV Walk (Shorter Route Using Local Highways) 2. Take Princess St. south and follow the signs for WV-230 to drive for 8.9 miles to US-340. 3. Turn left to drive on US-340 for 8.7 miles, crossing the Potomac River and driving in Maryland, to the MD-17 exit (toward Brunswick). 4. Turn right to drive on MD-17 for 1.1 to its intersection with MD-464. 5. Continue straight to drive on MD-464 for 7.8 miles to its end at US-15. 6. Turn right to drive south on US-15 for 1.4 miles to the Point of Rocks Bridge over the Potomac River and into Virginia. 7. Continue straight on US-15 for 2.1 miles to St. Clair Lane (VA-658). 8. Turn left to drive on VA-658 for 1.8 miles to Lost Corner Rd. (Lucketts Rd to the right; VA-662). 9. Turn left to drive on VA-662 for 0.9 miles to Tarara Lane (with signs for Tarara Winery). 9. Turn left to drive on Tarara Lane for about 0.3 miles, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking From the Shepherdstown WV Walk (Alternate Route Using Major Highways) 1. Take Princess St. south and follow the signs for WV-230 to drive for 8.9 miles to US-340. 2. Turn left to drive on US-340 for 14.9 miles, crossing the Potomac River and driving in Maryland, to the Lander Rd. exit (toward Jefferson). 3. Turn right to drive on Lander Rd. for less than 0.1 miles to Mountville Rd. 4. Turn left to drive on Mountville Rd. for 2.0 miles to US-15.Turn right to drive south on US-15 for 5.2 miles to the Point of Rocks Bridge over the Potomac River and into Virginia. 5. Continue straight on US-15 for 2.1 miles to St. Clair Lane (VA-658). 6. Turn left to drive on VA-658 for 1.8 miles to Lost Corner Rd. (Lucketts Rd to the right; VA-662). 7. Turn left to drive on VA-662 for 0.9 miles to Tarara Lane (with signs for Tarara Winery). 8. Turn left to drive on Tarara Lane for about 0.3 miles, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. How to Get There… 2005 AVA Convention-Related Events (6/15/05) Page 3 Sunday, June 19, 2005 Start walking between 7:00 AM and 11:00 AM; finish by 2:00 PM Baltimore MD Leakin Park, 1901 Eagle Drive, Baltimore MD 21207 From the West (via I-70 from Frederick MD) 1. Drive east on I-70 toward Baltimore until you reach the Baltimore Beltway, which is I-695. 2. Continue straight to drive on I-70 East to its end and loop around the Park & Ride Lot. 3. Bear right to exit I-70 onto Security Blvd. North and drive on Security for about 0.1 miles to Forest Park Ave. 4. Turn right to drive on Forest Park for 0.5 miles to Windsor Mill Rd. 5. Turn right on to drive on Windsor Mill for about 0.2 miles. 6. Turn right to drive onto park roads and/or grassy areas, into designated parking areas, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the North or South (via I-695) 1. If traveling on I-695 around Baltimore, drive around to the west side of the metropolitan area. 2. Take Exit 16 (if traveling from the south) or Exit 16A (if traveling from the north) onto I-70 East (toward Park & Ride Lot). 3. Drive on I-70 East to its end and loop around the Park & Ride Lot. 4. Bear right to exit I-70 onto Security Blvd. North and drive on Security for about 0.1 miles to Forest Park Ave. 5. Turn right to drive on Forest Park for 0.5 miles to Windsor Mill Rd. 6. Turn right on to drive on Windsor Mill for about 0.2 miles. 7. Turn right to drive onto park roads and/or grassy areas, into designated parking areas, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. How to Get There… 2005 AVA Convention-Related Events (6/15/05) Page 4 Washington DC Sunday, June 19, 2005 Start walking between 7:30 PM and 8:30 PM; finish by 10:30 PM Nation, 1015 Half Street SE, Washington DC 20003 From the West (via I-66 from Virginia) 1. Take I-66 from northern Virginia across the Potomac to the end of the freeway at 23rd St. NW 2. Continue straight to drive on Constitution Ave. for 1.7 miles to 4th St. NW. (Constitution will jog briefly after 6th St.; keep to the right as it briefly merges with Pennsylvania Ave.) 3. Turn right to drive on 4th St for 3 blocks to Independence Ave. 4. Turn left to drive on Independence for two blocks to Washington Ave. SW. 5. Bear right to drive on Washington Ave. SW for 3 blocks to its end at S. Capitol St. 6. Turn right to drive on S. Capitol St. for 4 blocks to M St., keeping in the right lane as you pass the Best Western hotel. 7. Bear right to go up a ramp to M St. and then turn left to drive on M St. across S. Capitol St. 8. Turn left to drive on the right (east) access road of S. Capitol St. for one block to L St. SE. 9. Turn right to drive on L St for 1/2 block and look to left for access to the Nation parking lot, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the Southwest (via I-295 from the Wilson Bridge) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Take I-95/I-495 to the east across the Woodrow Wilson Bridge to the Exit 2A-B, the first exit in Maryland. Bear right to drive on the exit ramp and then right again to follow signs for Exit 2B to drive on I-295 for 5.6 miles to Exit 3B (toward S Capitol St/ Downtown). Bear right on the Exit 3B to follow signs to S Capitol St while driving briefly on Suitland Pkwy. and Howard St. until you merge onto S. Capitol St. Drive on S. Capitol St. for about 0.8 miles across the Anacostia River, keeping to the right until you reach the point where an access road heads off to the right to reach M St. Bear right to drive on the right (east) access road of S. Capitol St. to M St. Cross M St. and continue straight on the access road for one block to L St. SE. Turn right to drive on L St for 1/2 block and look to left for access to the Nation parking lot, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the Northeast (via I-295 from the Northeast Maryland Suburbs) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Take MD-295, which becomes DC-295 and then I-295southeast to Exit 3B (toward Howard St./ Downtown) Bear right to exit at Exit 3B. Turn right at the end of the ramp to drive on Howard St. and drive about three blocks to S. Capitol St. Bear right to merge onto to S. Capitol St and drive on for about 0.8 miles across the Anacostia River, keeping to the right until you reach the point where an access road heads off to the right to reach M St. Bear right drive on the right (east) access road of S. Capitol St. to M St. Cross M St. and continue straight on the access road for one block to L St. SE. Turn right to drive on L St for 1/2 block and look to left for access to the Nation parking lot, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. Using Metro! Although there should be plenty of parking for vehicles in the Nation parking lot and other nearby lots and streets, walkers may want to consider using Metro to reach this event, because the Navy Yard Metro station is only two blocks away from the Start/Finish Point. To use Metro: 1. Take a Green line train to the Navy Yard station. 2. Exit the station toward Half St. 3. At street level, turn right to walk on Half St. across M St. and L St. to K St. 4. Turn left to walk for 1/2 block on K St. to the entrance to the Nation parking lot and the Start/Finish Point. How to Get There… 2005 AVA Convention-Related Events (6/15/05) Page 5 New Hope PA Tuesday, June 21, 2005 Start walking between 9:00 AM and 1:00 PM; finish by 4:00 PM New Hope Eagle Fire Hall, 44 Sugan Rd, New Hope PA 18938 From the North (via US-202 from Somerville NJ) 1. Drive west on US-202 toward Pennsylvania. 2. Cross the Delaware River and continue straight to drive on US-202 for about 1.2 miles to Sugan Rd. 3. Turn left to drive on Sugan Rd. for less than 0.1 miles to the start point on the left, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the South (via I-95 from Philadelphia) 1. Drive north on I-95 (toward Trenton) to Exit 51 (Taylorsville Rd.). (This is the last exit in Pennsylvania.) 2. Turn left to drive on Taylorsville Rd.(which becomes Upper River Rd. for 5.0 miles to the intersection with PA-32 (River Rd.). 3. Turn left to drive on PA-32 for 4.7 miles to the intersection with Bridge St. (PA-179). 4. Turn left to drive on Bridge St. for 0.8 miles to Sugan Rd. 5. Turn right to drive on Sugan Rd. for less than 0.1 miles to the start point on the right, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the South and West via the Pennsylvania Turnpike 1. Take the Pennsylvania Turnpike to Exit 351 (US-1/ Philadelphia). 2. Bear right to take Exit 351 and follow ramps to US-1 North. 3. Drive north on US-1 for about 6 miles to the interchange with I-95. 4. Bear right to drive on I-95 North for about 5 miles to Exit 51 (Taylorsville Rd.). (This is the last exit in Pennsylvania.) 5. Bear right to take Exit 51 and then turn left to drive on Taylorsville Rd.(which becomes Upper River Rd. for 5.0 miles to the intersection with PA-32 (River Rd.). 6. Turn left to drive on PA-32 for 4.7 miles to the intersection with Bridge St. (PA-179). 7. Turn left to drive on Bridge St. for 0.8 miles to Sugan Rd. 8. Turn right to drive on Sugan Rd. for less than 0.1 miles to the start point on the right, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the East via I-95 (from Trenton) 1. Drive west and south on I-95 from the north side of Trenton to cross the Delaware River and enter Pennsylvania, almost immediately encountering Exit 51 (Taylorsville Rd.). 2. Bear right to take Exit 51 and then turn right to drive on Taylorsville Rd.(which becomes Upper River Rd. for 5.0 miles to the intersection with PA-32 (River Rd.). 3. Turn left to drive on PA-32 for 4.7 miles to the intersection with Bridge St. (PA-179). 4. Turn left to drive on Bridge St. for 0.8 miles to Sugan Rd. 5. Turn right to drive on Sugan Rd. for less than 0.1 miles to the start point on the right, watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the Cherry Hill Hilton 1. Turn right from the front side of the hotel to drive east on NJ-70 for 3.8 miles to the interchange with I-295. 2. Bear right to drive north on I-295 and drive for about 33 miles to the interchange for US-1. 3. Continue straight on the expressway, which now becomes I-95 South. You now can follow the directions from the East via 1-95 listed just above. How to Get There… 2005 AVA Convention-Related Events (6/15/05) Page 6 Atlantic City NJ Wednesday, June 22, 2005 Start walking between 4:00 PM and 6:00 PM; finish by 9:00 PM Boardwalk Hall; 2301 Boardwalk, Atlantic City NJ 08401 From the North and West (via the Atlantic City Expressway) 1. Drive southeast on the Atlantic City Expressway to its end, which is 3.0 miles past the last toll gates, 2. At the first traffic signal at Fairmount Ave., turn right to drive on Fairmount for one block to Mississippi Ave. 3. Turn left to drive on Mississippi Ave. for three blocks to Pacific Ave. (See parking comments below.) (The Start/Finish Point is on the ocean side of Boardwalk Hall, facing directly on the Boardwalk. After you have parked your car, walk toward the ocean and turn to walk on the Boardwalk to the front of Boardwalk Hall.) From the Cherry Hill Hilton 1. Turn right from near the front entrance of the Hilton parking lot to drive east on NJ-70 for 3.6 miles to the interchange with I-295. 2. Bear right to drive south on I-295 for 8.8 miles to the interchange where NJ-42 splits from I-295. 3. Bear right to follow a 1.2-mile long ramp that will lead you to the interchange where NJ-42 splits from I-295. 4. Bear left to drive south on NJ-42 for 7.6 miles to the interchange where the Atlantic City Expressway splits from NJ-42. 5. Bear left to drive south on the Atlantic City Expressway for 44.3 miles to its end at the traffic signal at Fairmount Ave. 6. Turn right to drive on Fairmount for one block to Mississippi Ave. 7. Turn left to drive on Mississippi Ave. for three blocks to Pacific Ave. (See parking comments below.) Atlantic City Parking Information Thousands of parking spaces are available beneath and near Boardwalk Hall. Among your options: • Space may be available in the garage under the hall; you can reach it by continuing on Mississippi Ave. after you have crossed Pacific Ave. Space may be available in commercial lots within blocks of the hall. (Less expensive lots tend to be located away from the ocean.) For a general map of possible parking possibilities, you can consult http://boardwalkhall.com/parking.asp. • You may find some street spaces with meters. (Most have limits of 3 hours or less.) • You may park in one of the casino lots. The Trump Plaza lot is closest (also accessible off Mississippi south of Pacific.) Contact the casino beforehand to determine costs and other arrangements if you want to avoid surprises. Be sure to check carefully regarding the hours of operation, prices, and other such issues wherever you choose to park. How to Get There… 2005 AVA Convention-Related Events (6/15/05) Page 7 Thursday, June 23, 2005 Camden-Philadelphia Walk; sign-up at the Cherry Hill Hilton between 6:00 and 8:00 AM; bus to and from walk start and finish points; finish walking by 11:00 AM. Friday, June 24, 2005 Haddonfield Walk; sign-up at the Cherry Hill Hilton between 6:00 and 8:00 AM; drive to and from walk start and finish points (or bus if you have purchased a bus ticket); finish walking by 11:00 AM. Cherry Hill NJ Cherry Hill Hilton 2349 W Marlton Pike Cherry Hill NJ 08002 Site of the 14th Biennial American Volkssport Association Convention Seasonal Trail Cherry Hill-Harleigh Cemetery Trail; sign-up at the Cherry Hill Hilton at any time from June 18 to June 26, 2005; walk during daylight hours. From the East (via I-295) 1. Drive on I-295 in southern New Jersey to Exit 34B. 2. Bear right to exit I-295 and drive west on NJ-70 for 4.0 miles to Cuthbert Blvd., which is just past the Hilton (which you can see on the left (south) side of NJ-70. 3. Bear right onto the second Cuthbert Blvd. exit to drive south on Cuthbert over NJ-70. 4. Bear right onto the ramp for NJ-70 East (effectively making a U-turn on NJ-70) and drive for 0.1 miles to the entrance to the Hilton parking lot on the right. From the West (via the Benjamin Franklin Bridge from Philadelphia) 1. From various locations and roads in Philadelphia, take the Benjamin Franklin Bridge (I-676 East and US-30 East) east across the Delaware River into New Jersey. 2. At the end of the bridge, continue straight to drive east on US-30 for about 2.2 miles to the interchange where NJ-38 splits from US-30. 3. Bear left to drive east on NJ-38 for 0.5 miles to the interchange where NJ-70 splits from NJ-38. 4. Bear right to drive east on NJ-70 for 1.2 miles to the entrance to the Hilton parking lot on the right. How to Get There… 2005 AVA Convention-Related Events (6/15/05) Page 8 Trenton NJ Saturday, June 25, 2005 Start walking between 9:00 AM and 12:00 Noon; finish by 3:00 PM Waterfront Park, One Thunder Road, Trenton NJ 08611 From the South (via I-295 from Southern New Jersey) 1. Drive north on I-295 to Exit 60 for I-195/NJ-29/NJ-129. 2. Bear right to follow ramps for NJ-29 North (toward Trenton) to drive north on NJ-29 for 3.9 miles, following signs for NJ-29 North/ Capital Complex/ Lambertville, until you reach Thunder Rd. The ballpark is on the left. 3. Watch for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the Northeast (via US-1 from Central New Jersey) 1. Drive southeast on US-1 into Trenton to the interchange for NJ-129 (S Broad St/ Chambersburg). 2. Bear right to drive south on NJ-129 for about 0.8 miles to the second traffic signal at Cass St. 3. Turn right to drive west on Cass St., which becomes Thunder Rd., through three traffic signals. Waterfront Park , the home of the Trenton Thunder minor-league baseball team, is on the left. Watch for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the West (via US-1 from Pennsylvania) 1. Drive northeast on US-1 and cross the Delaware River into New Jersey. 2. Immediately after crossing the bridge, bear right to take the exit onto NJ-29 South. 3. Turn left onto NJ-29 and drive south for about 0.4 miles to Thunder Rd. Waterfront Park , the home of the Trenton Thunder minor-league baseball team, is on the right. Watch for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking How to Get There… 2005 AVA Convention-Related Events (6/15/05) Page 9 Sunday, June 26, 2005 Start walking between 7:00 AM and 10:00 AM; finish by 1:00 PM Wilmington DE Shipyard Shops in Riverfront Wilmington 900 S. Madison St., Wilmington DE 19801 From the East (via the New Jersey Turnpike or I-295 in Southern New Jersey) 1. From Cherry Hill, Haddonfield, and other points in New Jersey, drive south on the New Jersey Turnpike or on I-295 South to cross the Delaware Memorial Bridge into Delaware. 2. Continue straight on I 295 for about 2.6 miles after the bridge toll booth to the exit for I 95 North/ Wilmington. 3. Take the left-hand exit to drive on I 95 North (toward Wilmington) for 2.8 miles to Exit 6 (SR 4/Martin Luther King Jr Blvd/Maryland Ave). 4. Bear right to take Exit 6 and turn right at the end of the ramp onto Maryland Ave. for about two blocks to a short street to the right designated by signs directing you to Riverfront. 5. Bear right to turn on this street and then turn right onto Madison St. Drive straight ahead on Madison for about 0.7 miles, following the signs to Shipyard Shops and watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the Northeast via I 95 in Philadelphia 1. From Philadelphia and other points in SE Pennsylvania, drive south on I-95 to Exit #6 (SR-4/ Martin Luther King Jr Blvd). 2. Bear right to use Exit 6 and drive straight ahead for 3 blocks on Jackson Street to the traffic light at Martin Luther King Jr Blvd. 3. Turn left onto Martin Luther King Jr Blvd to drive for 3 blocks to Madison St. 4. Turn right at the second traffic light onto Madison St. 5. Drive straight ahead on Madison for about 0.7 miles, following the signs to Shipyard Shops and watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. From the South and West via I-95 in Maryland and Delaware 1. From Maryland and points in southern and central Delaware, drive north on I-95 (toward Wilmington) to Exit 6 (SR 4/Martin Luther King Jr Blvd/Maryland Ave). (Do not take Exits to I-295 and I-895.) 2. Bear right to take Exit 6 and turn right at the end of the ramp onto Maryland Ave. for about two blocks to a short street to the right designated by signs directing you to Riverfront 3. Bear right to turn on this street and then turn right onto Madison St. Drive straight ahead on Madison for about 0.7 miles, following the signs to Shipyard Shops and watching for signs and greeters to direct you to volksmarch parking. How to Get There… 2005 AVA Convention-Related Events (6/15/05) Page 10