COVER SHEET FOR PROPOSAL TO THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
Transcription
COVER SHEET FOR PROPOSAL TO THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
COVER SHEET FOR PROPOSAL TO THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION PROGRAM ANNOUNCEMENT/SOLICITATION NO./CLOSING DATE/If not in response to a program announcement/solicitation enter NSF 00-2 FOR NSF USE ONLY NSF PROPOSAL NUMBER Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grants in the Directorate for Biological Sciences (DDIG) FOR CONSIDERATION BY NSF ORGANIZATIONAL UNIT(S) (Indicate the most specific unit known, i.e., program, division, etc.) Division of Environmental Biology DATE RECEIVED NUMBER OF COPIES DIVISION ASSIGNED EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (EIN) OR TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (TIN) FUND CODE DUNS # (Data Universal Numbering System) SHOW PREVIOUS AWARD NO. IF THIS IS FILE LOCATION IS THIS PROPOSAL BEING SUBMITTED TO ANOTHER FEDERAL A RENEWAL AGENCY? YES NO X IF YES, LIST ACRONYM(S) AN ACCOMPLISHMENT-BASED RENEWAL NAME OF ORGANIZATION TO WHICH AWARD SHOULD BE MADE ADDRESS OF AWARDEE ORGANIZATION, INCLUDING 9 DIGIT ZIP CODE University of Florida Department of zoology, University of Florida 219 Grinter Hall, PO box 115500 Gainesville, FL 32611-5500 AWARDEE ORGANIZATION CODE (IF KNOWN) NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION, IF DIFFERENT FROM ABOVE ADDRESS OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION, IF DIFFERENT, INCLUDING 9 DIGIT ZIP CODE PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE (IF KNOWN) IS AWARDEE ORGANIZATION (Check All That Apply) (See GPG II.D.1 For Definitions) FOR-PROFIT ORGANIZATION SMALL BUSINESS MINORITY BUSINESS WOMAN-OWNED BUSINESS TITLE OF PROPOSED PROJECT Use of biochemical markers to understand sea turtle population connectivity between oceanic and neritic foraging areas REQUESTED AMOUNT PROPOSED DURATION (1-60 MONTHS) REQUESTED STARTING DATE 36 months August 2008 SHOW RELATED PREPROPOSAL NO., IF APPLICABLE months $ CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX(ES) IF THIS PROPOSAL INCLUDES ANY OF THE ITEMS LISTED BELOW X VERTEBRATE ANIMALS (GPG II.D.12) IACUC App. Date BEGINNING INVESTIGATOR (GPG I.A.3) DISCLOSURE OF LOBBYING ACTIVITIES (GPG II.D.1) HUMAN SUBJECTS (GPG II.D.12) Exemption Subsection or IRB App. Date PROPRIETARY & PRIVILEGED INFORMATION (GPG I.B, II.D.7) NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT (GPG II.D.10) INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVE ACTIVITIES: COUNTRY/COUNTRIES HISTORIC PLACES (GPG II.D.10) SMALL GRANT FOR EXPLOR. RESEARCH (SGER) (GPG II.D.12) FACILITATION FOR SCIENTISTS/ENGINEERS WITH DISABILITIES (GPG V.G.) RESEARCH OPPORTUNITY AWARD (GPG V.H) PI/PD DEPARTMENT PI/PD POSTAL ADDRESS Department of Zoology 352 392 3704 Department of zoology, University of Florida PO Box 118525 Gainesville, FL 32611-8525 NAMES (TYPED) High Degree Yr of Degree Telephone Number Electronic Mail Address M.Sc. 2004 352 213 1802 locm75@zoo.ufl.edu PI/PD FAX NUMBER PI/PD NAME Melania Cecilia López-Castro CO-PI/PD CO-PI/PD CO-PI/PD CO-PI/PD NSF Form 1207 (10/99) Page 1 of 2 CERTIFICATION PAGE Certification for Principal Investigators and Co-Principal Investigators I certify to the best of my knowledge that: (1) the statements herein (excluding scientific hypotheses and scientific opinions) are true and complete, and (2) the text and graphics herein as well as any accompanying publications or other documents, unless otherwise indicated, are the original work of the signatories or individuals working under their supervision. I agree to accept responsibility for the scientific conduct of the project and to provide the required project reports if an award is made as a result of this proposal. I understand that the willful provision of false information or concealing a material fact in this proposal or any other communication submitted to NSF is a criminal offense (U.S.Code, Title 18, Section 1001). Name (Typed) PI/PD Signature Social Security No.* Melania C. López-Castro Date 15 February 2008 Co-PI/PD Co-PI/PD Co-PI/PD Co-PI/PD Certification for Authorized Organizational Representative or Individual Applicant By signing and submitting this proposal, the individual applicant or the authorized official of the applicant institution is: (1) certifying that statements made herein are true and complete to the best of his/her knowledge; and (2) agreeing to accept the obligation to comply with NSF award terms and conditions if an award is made as a result of this application. Further, the applicant is hereby providing certifications regarding Federal debt status, debarment and suspension, drug-free workplace, and lobbying activities (see below), as set forth in the Grant Proposal Guide (GPG), NSF 00-2. Willful provision of false information in this application and its supporting documents or in reports required under an ensuing award is a criminal offense (U.S. Code, Title 18, Section 1001). In addition, if the applicant institution employs more than fifty persons, the authorized official of the applicant institution is certifying that the institution has implemented a written and enforced conflict of interest policy that is consistent with the provisions of Grant Policy Manual Section 510; that to the best of his/her knowledge, all financial disclosures required by that conflict of interest policy have been made; and that all identified conflicts of interest will have been satisfactorily managed, reduced or eliminated prior to the institution’s expenditure of any funds under the award, in accordance with the institution’s conflict of interest policy. Conflicts that cannot be satisfactorily managed, reduced or eliminated must be disclosed to NSF. Debt and Debarment Certifications (If answer “yes” to either, please provide explanation.) Is the organization delinquent on any Federal debt? Is the organization or its principals presently debarred, suspended, proposed for debarment, declared ineligible, or voluntarily excluded from covered transactions by any Federal Department or agency? Yes No Yes No Certification Regarding Lobbying This certification is required for an award of a Federal contract, grant or cooperative agreement exceeding $100,000 and for an award of a Federal loan or a commitment providing for the United States to insure or guarantee a loan exceeding $150,000. Certification for Contracts, Grants, Loans and Cooperative Agreements The undersigned certifies, to the best of his or her knowledge and belief, that: (1) No Federal appropriated funds have been paid or will be paid, by or on behalf of the undersigned, to any person for influencing or attempting to influence an officer or employee of any agency, a Member of Congress, an officer or employee of Congress, or an employee of a Member of Congress in connection with the awarding of any federal contract, the making of any Federal grant, the making of any Federal loan, the entering into of any cooperative agreement, and the extension, continuation, renewal, amendment, or modification of any Federal contract, grant, loan, or cooperative agreement. (2) If any funds other than Federal appropriated funds have been paid or will be paid to any person for influencing or attempting to influence an officer or employee of any agency, a Member of Congress, and officer or employee of Congress, or an employee of a Member of Congress in connection with this Federal contract, grant, loan, or cooperative agreement, the undersigned shall complete and submit Standard Form LLL, “Disclosure of Lobbying Activities,” in accordance with its instructions. (3) The undersigned shall require that the language of this certification be included in the award documents for all subawards at all tiers including subcontracts, subgrants, and contracts under grants, loans, and cooperative agreements and that all subrecipients shall certify and disclose accordingly. This certification is a material representation of fact upon which reliance was placed when this transaction was made or entered into. Submission of this certification is a prerequisite for making or entering into this transaction imposed by Section 1352, Title 31, U.S. Code. Any person who fails to file the required certification shall be subject to a civil penalty of not less than $10,000 and not more than $100,000 for each such failure. AUTHORIZED ORGANIZATIONAL REPRESENTATIVE NAME/TITLE (TYPED) TELEPHONE NUMBER SIGNATURE ELECTRONIC MAIL ADDRESS DATE FAX NUMBER *SUBMISSION OF SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS IS VOLUNTARY AND WILL NOT AFFECT THE ORGANIZATION’S ELIGIBILITY FOR AN AWARD. HOWEVER, THEY ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE NSF INFORMATION SYSTEM AND ASSIST IN PROCESSING THE PROPOSAL. SSN SOLICITED UNDER NSF ACT OF 1950, AS AMENDED. Page 2 of 2 Use of biochemical markers to understand sea turtle population connectivity between oceanic and neritic foraging areas Doctoral Dissertation Research Melania C. López-Castro Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research. Department of Zoology. University of Florida. Project summary Many endangered and commercially important marine species migrate between their foraging and reproductive areas in order to utilize suitable habitats for their growth and reproduction. These migrations are usually seen as movements from one end point (breeding area, place of birth) to another (foraging areas either coastal or oceanic). However some animals (fish, marine mammals and sea turtles) have other intermediate developmental areas, often within the oceanic environment, that are critical to the recruitment of new organisms to their breeding population. The exact location of these developmental areas, the duration of time organisms spend in these areas, or how these oceanic areas connect with the neritic foraging grounds, remain unknown for many species. For sea turtles, the oceanic developmental grounds of all but one population remain unknown resulting in many management and conservation challenges (Bjorndal et al. 2000). Recent studies conducted by researchers at the Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research at the University of Florida, using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen from carapace samples of green sea turtles Chelonia mydas, and skeletochronology and growth models in young loggerheads Caretta caretta in the North Atlantic have demonstrated that the post-hatchlings of these two species spend from five (green turtles) to 11.5 years (loggerheads) in the oceanic environment before entering neritic foraging areas (Bjorndal et al. 2000, Bolten 2003a, Reich et al. 2007). These studies addressed the mystery of the “lost years” that has intrigued sea turtle biologists for decades. Using stable isotopes of C and N, studies by Reich et al. (2007) identified the type of habitat utilized by post-hatchling green turtles in the North Atlantic, but the exact locations of these developmental areas remain unknown. Therefore, I propose to investigate the use of stable isotopes and additional biochemical and biological markers to determine connectivity patterns among oceanic and neritic foraging habitats of green sea turtles. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS For font-size and page-formatting specifications, see GPG Section II.C. Total No. of Pages in Section Section Page No.* (Optional)* Cover Sheet (NSF Form 1207) (Submit Page 2 with original proposal only) A Project Summary (not to exceed 1 page) 1 B Table of Contents (NSF Form 1359) 1 C Project Description (including Results from Prior NSF Support) (not to exceed 15 pages) (Exceed only if allowed by a specific program announcement/solicitation or if approved in advance by the appropriate NSF Assistant Director or designee) 7 D References Cited 2 E Biographical Sketches (Not to exceed 2 pages each) 1 F Budget (NSF Form 1030, plus up to 3 pages of budget justification) 5 G Current and Pending Support (NSF Form 1239) 1 H Facilities, Equipment and Other Resources (NSF Form 1363) 1 I Special Information/Supplementary Documentation J Appendix (List below) Include only if allowed by a specific program announcement/ solicitation or if approved in advance by the appropriate NSF Assistant Director or designee) Appendix Items: *Proposers may select any numbering mechanism for the proposal. The entire proposal, however, must be paginated. Complete both columns only if the proposal is numbered consecutively. NSF Form 1359 (10/99) 46 Project description Introduction As marine vertebrates, sea turtles spend most of their lives in the ocean. During this time, sea turtles pass through discrete ontogenetic stages and migrate long distances between their developmental habitats (except for one species, the flatback turtle Natator depressus, Musick and Limpus 1997). After they emerge from nests on sand beaches, hatchlings enter the ocean and are incorporated into oceanic gyre systems that take them to oceanic feeding habitats where they stay for an unknown time. This life stage of sea turtles is known as the “lost years” and it is thought to last about 5 years or more depending on the species (Bolten 2003b, Figure 1). Figure 1. Life history patterns of sea turtles. Type 1: complete development in the neritic zone. Type 2: early juvenile development in the oceanic zone and later juvenile development in the neritic zone. Type 3. Complete development in the oceanic zone (taken from Bolten 2003b). 1 While the location of many nesting beaches and coastal foraging areas for juvenile and adult sea turtles are known, the location of oceanic developmental areas of young turtles is still a mystery. Locating these areas has become an important goal in sea turtle conservation because it will help us understand the way in which the different developmental and reproductive areas are connected and how changes in the environment affect the movements of hatchlings and their recruitment to coastal foraging areas (Webster et al. 2002, DiBacco et al. 2006, Marra et al. 2006). In order to solve this mystery, the next step is to understand connectivity; that is establishing how many oceanic foraging areas exist and how they connect to the neritic foraging habitats. Background Although several methods have been used successfully to find migratory pathways of adult and subadult sea turtles (genetic markers: Bowen and Karl 1997, Encalada et al. 1998, Lahanas et al. 1998, Dutton et al. 1999; satellite telemetry: Balazs 1993, Nichols et al. 2000, Polovina et al. 2000, Bentivegna 2002; metal tags) none of these methods is suitable for locating the migratory pathways of hatchlings and finding their oceanic nursery areas. Only very recently, the use of stable isotopes (nitrogen and carbon) in sea turtle research has helped solve part of the “lost year” puzzle in sea turtle biology by confirming that North Atlantic populations of green turtle post-hatchlings spend about 5 years in oceanic environments feeding on a carnivorous diet (Reich et al. 2007). However, no information could be obtained on the geographic location of the developmental grounds for the green turtles in the North Atlantic. We also do not know how juvenile loggerheads in oceanic habitats around the Azores connect to the other developmental areas. Therefore, I propose to use stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, lead, and hydrogen and other chemical markers such as trace elements and heavy metals (Pb, Mn, Hg, Sr, Cd) to understand the connectivity between the oceanic and the neritic foraging areas of sea turtles and possibly locate the oceanic foraging grounds. Stable isotopes have been widely used to understand migratory connectivity in several bird species and other marine organisms (Burton and Koch 1999, Webster et al. 2002), while trace elements and heavy metals have been shown to be useful in determining connectivity between molting sites of birds at different latitudinal regions, based on the fact that mineral profiles vary geographically (Zsép et al. 2003). In the marine environment, the availability of these elements can change depending on temperature, 2 depth, distance from the coast, and other oceanographic factors (Newman et al. 2000, Abouchami et al. 2005). We know from satellite telemetry that juvenile and adult turtles use current systems to move between their neritic foraging areas and breeding areas and that oceanic juveniles probably use them as well (Fig. 2). Since the diet of post hatchlings is mainly carnivorous, it has been assumed that these turtles spend most of their time in fronts or convergence areas where food availability is high (Luschi et al. 2003). Each of these water masses (oceanic gyres, major oceanic current systems) present unique characteristics (biochemical and biological) that are reflected by the organisms that live in them (Beaugrand et al. 2002). By analyzing the concentration of an array of trace elements, heavy metals and stable isotopes in turtle tissues from different latitudinal points (distinct neritic foraging areas) and studying their relationship, it may be possible to determine the patterns of connectivity among oceanic foraging habitats and between oceanic and neritic foraging areas of sea turtles. Fig. 2. Major current systems and some of the known foraging and breeding areas for the seven species of sea turtles (constructed after data from Chaloupka et al. 2004, Luke et al. 2004, Bolker et al. 2007; ocean currents map from http://blue.utp.edu/paullgj/geog3333/lectures/oceancurrents-1.gif). 3 Objectives and hypotheses The goal of my research is to investigate the use of biochemical and biological markers to understand the connectivity patterns of the developmental areas of sea turtles. I will use scute material for two main reasons: hard tissues preserve a better record of the exposure of organisms to heavy metals and trace elements and of the diet of the organisms; and they also record a history since the growth of these tissues is formed by layers deposited through time (Reich et al. 2007). I have three hypotheses. The isotopic signal and the concentration of heavy metals and trace elements found in the scutes of turtles from different neritic foraging grounds are: 1) the same, indicating the presence of only one oceanic foraging area in which hatchlings spend their lost years (Fig. 3a). 2) are different, with the same values within each foraging ground. This would indicate the presence of multiple oceanic foraging areas, each connected with only one neritic foraging ground (Fig. 3b). 3) are different but a mix of values at each foraging ground. This would indicate the presence of multiple oceanic foraging grounds, but each of these connected with more than one neritic foraging grounds (Fig. 3c). Fig. 3. Hypothetical scenarios of the connectivity patterns based on the stable isotope and chemical analyses: A) one oceanic foraging area connected with all neritic foraging areas (FG). B) Several oceanic foraging areas each connected with one FG. C) Several oceanic foraging areas connected with more than one FG. P1 and P2 are measured parameters. 4 Methods To test my hypotheses, I will collect carapace and skin samples of small (<35 cm of carapace length) juvenile green sea turtles in five neritic foraging grounds: Bermuda, Bahamas, Barbados, and northern and southern Brazil. Besides being areas where samples can be obtained due to the collaboration with the Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research, they are located along a latitudinal gradient which increases the probability of sampling turtles from a range of oceanic habitats. I will collect two samples from each second lateral scute (one posterior and one anterior) of every turtle captured, one set of samples for the stable isotope analysis and the other for the chemical analysis of heavy metals and trace elements. The stable isotope analyses will help define the layers in which I should focus the analyses of heavy metals and trace elements. Because there will be differences in the sizes of the turtles captured, the number of growth layers in the carapace could be different. The stable isotope analysis will tell me which layers correspond to the oceanic phase of the turtles. Based on the results of the stable isotope analysis, I will determine the concentration of select heavy metals and trace elements and their possible interrelationships (the combination of some of these elements could be exclusive for one oceanic site) in order to evaluate which of the three hypotheses best explains my findings. In order to do that I will conduct a multivariate analysis of variance to analyze the element composition of scutes of the different neritic foraging grounds. I will also conduct a principal component analysis with a hierarchical cluster analysis to find homogeneous clusters (groups of data) on the basis of the principal component analysis. Time line of work to be completed Year 1 Summer Sample collection Fall Sample collection Spring Stable isotopes, trace and heavy metal analysis Year 2 Sample collection Sample collection Stable isotopes, trace and heavy metal analysis Year 3 Data analysis Completion of the project Writing the Manuscript Publication of results 5 Expected significance Intellectual Merit Until now, locating oceanic foraging areas for sea turtles has not been possible and hence, migratory pathways between these areas and the neritic foraging grounds have remained unknown. The information obtained with this research will help answer some of the questions about the connectivity of sea turtle populations by finding possible migratory pathways between the developmental areas (oceanic and neritic) of green turtles in the Atlantic Ocean. This work will also help resolve current management and conservation problems of the species such as finding principal migratory pathways among the different foraging habitats, factors affecting the recruitment of young turtles to neritic areas (bycatch, changes in the oceanic currents) and rates of sea turtle mortality in the oceanic phase; which will help develop effective protection programs of young turtles. Furthermore, this same information can help resolve similar connectivity problems in other marine species such as commercially important fish species and marine mammals that also have unknown habitats during their life cycle. The approach proposed in this project will be the first attempt to use a combination of different types of chemical markers and their inter-relationships to answer questions of the distribution of organisms and their migratory movements. Stable isotopes and trace elements have been used separately to resolve habitat use, ontogenetic shifts, and migratory pathways while heavy metals have been used primarily to measure levels of pollution caused by anthropogenic causes. Broader impacts Sea turtle conservation is a worldwide concern and it depends on the collaboration of many countries. For my research, obtaining samples from neritic foraging areas along the Atlantic coast is necessary. Therefore I will establish collaborations with other institutions and organizations by involving local students and/or residents in my research and encourage them to develop their own research projects. I will train new participants in the collection of sea turtle carapace and skin samples as well as other sea turtle data that might be useful. The stable isotope analysis, the trace elements and heavy metal analyses will be conducted in collaboration with the Geological Sciences department at the University of Florida. 6 Literature cited Abouchami W. et al. (2005) Lead isotopes reveal bilateral asymmetry and vertical continuity in the Hawaiian mantle plume. Nature 434, 851 - 856 Balazs, G.H (1993) Satellite used to study the oceanic migrations of Hawaii’s green sea turtles. Mar. Turtle Newsl. 61, 7 - 9 Beaugrand, G. et al. (2002) Diversity of calanoid copepods in the North Atlantic and adjacent seas: species associations and biogeography. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 232, 179-195 Bentivegna, F. (2002) Intra-Mediterranean migrations of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) monitored by satellite telemetry. Mar. Biol. 141, 795 – 800 Bjorndal, K.A. et al. (2000) Somatic growth model of juvenile loggerhead se turtles Caretta caretta: duration of pelagic stage. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 202, 256 - 272 Bolker, B.M. et al. (2007) Incorporating multiple mixed stocks in mixed stock analysis: ‘many to many’ analysis. Mol. Ecol. 16, 685 – 695 Bolten, A.B. (2003a) Active swimmers – passive drifters: the oceanic juvenile stage of loggerheads in the Atlantic system. In Loggerhead sea turtles (Bolten, A.B. and Witherington B.E., eds) pp. 63 – 78, Smithsonian Institution Press. Bolten, A.B. (2003b) Variation in sea turtle life patterns: neritic vs. oceanic developmental stages. In The Biology of sea turtles. Vol II (Lutz P.L., Musick J.A. and Wyneken J., eds.) pp. 243 – 257, CRC press. Bowen, B.W. and Karl, S.A. (1997) Population genetics, phylogeography, and molecular evolution. In The Biology of Sea Turtles (Lutz, P.L. and Musick, J., eds), pp. 29 – 50, CRC Press Burton, R.K. and P.L. Koch (1999) Isotopic tracking of foraging an long-distance migration in northeastern Pacific pinnipeds. Oecologia. 119, 578-585 Chaloupka et al. (2004) Status of sea turtles in the Pacific. In Papers presented at the expert consultation of interactions between sea turtles and fisheries within an ecosystem context (FAO Fisheries report No. 738) pp 135- 206, FAO DiBacco, C. et al. (2006) Connectivity in marine ecosystems: the importance of larval and spore dispersal. In Conservation Biology 14. Connectivity Conservation (Crooks, K.R. and Sanjayan, M., eds), pp 184 – 212, Cambridge University Press Dutton, P.H. et al. (1999) Global phylogeography of the leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea). J. Zool. (Lond.) 248, 397 – 409 Encalada, S.E. et al. (1998) Population structure of loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) nesting colonies in the Atlantic and Mediterranean as inferred from mitochondrial DNA control region sequences. Mar. Biol. 130, 567-575 Lahanas, P.N. et al. (1998) Genetic composition of a green turtle (Chelonia mydas) feeding ground population: evidence for multiple origins. Mar. Biol. 130,345-352 Luke, K. et al. (2004) Origins of green turtle (Chelonia mydas) feeding aggregations around Barbados, West Indies. Mar. Biol. 144, 799 – 805 Luschi, P. et al. (2003) A review of long-distance movements by marine turtles, and the possible role of ocean currents. Oikos 103, 293 - 302 Marra, P.P. et al. (2006) Migratory connectivity. In Conservation Biology 14. Connectivity Conservation (Crooks, K.R. and Sanjayan, M., eds), pp 157 – 183, Cambridge University Press Musick, J.A. and Limpus, C.J. (1997) Habitat utilization and migration in juvenile sea turtles. In The Biology of Sea Turtles (Lutz, P.L. and Musick, J.A., eds), pp 137 – 163, CRC press Newman, S.J. et al. (2000) Stock structure of the goldband snapper Pristipomoides multidens (Pisces: Lutjanidae) from the waters of northern and western Australia 7 by stable isotope ratio analysis of sagittal otolith carbonate. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 198, 239 – 247 Nichols, W. J. et al. (2000) Transpacific migration of a loggerhead turtle monitored by satellite telemetry. Bull. Mar. Sci. 67, 937 – 947 Polovina, J.J. et al. (2000) Turtles on the edge: movement of loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) along oceanic fronts, spanning longline fishing grounds in the central North Pacific, 1997 – 1998. Fish. Oceanogr. 9, 71 – 82 Reich K.J., et al. (2007) The ‘lost years’ of green turtles: using stable isotopes to study cryptic lifestages. Biol. Lett. 3 (6), 712 - 714 Szép, T. et al. (2003) Use of trace elements in feathers of Sand Martin Riparia riparia for identifying moulting areas. J. Avian Biol. 34, 307 - 320 Webster, M.S. et al. (2002) Links between worlds: unraveling migratory connectivity. Trends Ecol. Evol. 117, 76 – 83 8 Biographical Sketch Professional Preparation Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur. Marine Biology. B.S., 2002 Centro de Investigación Científica y Educación Superior de Ensenada. Marine Ecology. M.Sc., 2004 University of Florida Zoology. Ph.D., in progress Appointments 2007-present: Ph.D. student, Department of Zoology. University of Florida (Alumni Fellow) 2005- present: Scientific Coordinator of Grupo Tortuguero. Fall 2007: Research Assistant. University of Florida Synergistic Activities 1. Scientific coordinator of Grupo Tortuguero. As the scientist of this Mexican NGO based on the Baja California Peninsula, my duty was to train all community teams, most of them composed of local fishermen, in taking and recording sea turtle data. This consisted in teaching the teams: general sea turtle biology, species identification, tagging and measuring techniques. I was also invited to give talks on sea turtle conservation and the Grupo Tortuguero’s work to local schools, from elementary to high school level. 2. El Verano de la Ciencia 2005 (The summer of science 2005). This program organized by the Center of Biological Research of the Northwest (CIBNOR) is focused on inviting the local community to hear about the research taking place at this center and why it is important to the community. During this event I gave a talk on sea turtle biology and conservation and planned an activity with the children so they could understand the life cycle of sea turtles. Doctoral Advisor: Dr. Karen A. Bjorndal. Department of Zoology, University of Florida 9 FOR NSF USE ONLY 54 SUMMARY PROPOSAL BUDGET (YEAR 1) ORGANIZATION University of Florida PROPOSAL NO. DURATION (MONTHS) Proposed PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR/PROJECT DIRECTOR Granted AWARD NO. Melania C. López-Castro A. SENIOR PERSONNEL: PI/PD, Co-PIs, Faculty and Other Senior Associates NSF-Funded List each separately with name and title. (A.7. Show number in brackets) CAL 1. Melania Cecilia López-Castro 0 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ( ) OTHERS (LIST INDIVIDUALLY ON BUDGET EXPLANATION PAGE) 7. ( ) TOTAL SENIOR PERSONNEL (1-6) B. OTHER PERSONNEL (SHOW NUMBERS IN BRACKETS) 1. ( ) POSTDOCTORAL ASSOCIATES 2. ( ) OTHER PROFESSIONALS (TECHNICIAN, PROGRAMMER, ETC.) 3. ( ) GRADUATE STUDENTS 4. ( ) UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS 5. ( ) SECRETARIAL - CLERICAL (IF CHARGED DIRECTLY) 6. ( ) OTHER TOTAL SALARIES AND WAGES (A + B) C. FRINGE BENEFITS (IF CHARGED AS DIRECT COSTS) TOTAL SALARIES, WAGES AND FRINGE BENEFITS (A + B + C) D. EQUIPMENT (LIST ITEM AND DOLLAR AMOUNT FOR EACH ITEM EXCEEDING $5,000.) Person-months ACAD SUMR 0 0 TOTAL EQUIPMENT E. TRAVEL 1. DOMESTIC (INCL. CANADA, MEXICO AND U.S. POSSESSIONS) 2. FOREIGN F. PARTICIPANT SUPPORT 1. STIPENDS $ 2. TRAVEL 3. SUBSISTENCE 4. OTHER TOTAL NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS ( ) G. OTHER DIRECT COSTS 1. MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES 2. PUBLICATION/DOCUMENTATION/DISSEMINATION 3. CONSULTANT SERVICES 4. COMPUTER SERVICES 5. SUBAWARDS Funds Granted by NSF Proposer $0 (If Different) $0 $3,680 TOTAL PARTICIPANT COSTS $6,500 6. OTHER TOTAL OTHER DIRECT COSTS H. TOTAL DIRECT COSTS (A THROUGH G) I. INDIRECT COSTS (F&A) (SPECIFY RATE AND BASE) $10,180 TOTAL INDIRECT COSTS (F&A) J. TOTAL DIRECT AND INDIRECT COSTS (H + I) K. RESIDUAL FUNDS (IF FOR FURTHER SUPPORT OF CURRENT PROJECT SEE GPG II.D.7.j.) L. AMOUNT OF THIS REQUEST (J) OR (J MINUS K) M. COST SHARING: PROPOSED LEVEL $ PI/PD TYPED NAME AND SIGNATURE* Funds Requested By $10,180 $10,180 $ Melania C. López-Castro AGREED LEVEL IF DIFFERENT: $ DATE FOR NSF USE ONLY INDIRECT COST RATE VERIFICATION 15 Feb 2008 ORG. REP. TYPED NAME & SIGNATURE* DATE NSF Form 1030 (10/99) Supersedes All Previous Editions *SIGNATURES REQUIRED ONLY FOR REVISED BUDGET (GPG III.C) Date Checked Date of Rate Sheet Initials-ORG Budget justification Travel = $3,680 Collection of samples will be conducted at two of the four sites proposed in the project. On the first year the foraging grounds where field work will be conducted will be Bermuda and Bahamas. The costs include: - Round trip ticket to Bermuda $650 - Room and board for 1 month $1,150 - Round ticket to Bahamas $680 - Room and board for 1 month $1,200 Materials and supplies = $6,500 Collecting supplies including cryogenic vials, biopsy punches, tweezers, ethanol, alcohol swabs and shipping costs total $1,500 for the two collecting sites on the first year. The majority of the costs will be accrued through stable isotope and heavy metal analyses. The cost of analyzing each sample for isotope analysis is $10 and the cost for the heavy metal analysis is $15 at the Department of Geology at the University of Florida. These samples include: - 100 carapace samples from site 1 (Bermuda) for isotope analysis: $1,000 - 100 carapace samples from site 2 (Bahamas) for isotope analysis: $1,000 - 100 carapace samples from site 1 for heavy metal analysis: $1,500 - 100 carapace samples from site 2 for heavy metal analysis: $1,500 FOR NSF USE ONLY 54 SUMMARY PROPOSAL BUDGET (YEAR 2) ORGANIZATION University of Florida PROPOSAL NO. DURATION (MONTHS) Proposed PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR/PROJECT DIRECTOR Granted AWARD NO. Melania C. López-Castro A. SENIOR PERSONNEL: PI/PD, Co-PIs, Faculty and Other Senior Associates NSF-Funded List each separately with name and title. (A.7. Show number in brackets) CAL 1. Melania Cecilia López-Castro 0 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ( ) OTHERS (LIST INDIVIDUALLY ON BUDGET EXPLANATION PAGE) 7. ( ) TOTAL SENIOR PERSONNEL (1-6) B. OTHER PERSONNEL (SHOW NUMBERS IN BRACKETS) 1. ( ) POSTDOCTORAL ASSOCIATES 2. ( ) OTHER PROFESSIONALS (TECHNICIAN, PROGRAMMER, ETC.) 3. ( ) GRADUATE STUDENTS 4. ( ) UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS 5. ( ) SECRETARIAL - CLERICAL (IF CHARGED DIRECTLY) 6. ( ) OTHER TOTAL SALARIES AND WAGES (A + B) C. FRINGE BENEFITS (IF CHARGED AS DIRECT COSTS) TOTAL SALARIES, WAGES AND FRINGE BENEFITS (A + B + C) D. EQUIPMENT (LIST ITEM AND DOLLAR AMOUNT FOR EACH ITEM EXCEEDING $5,000.) Person-months ACAD SUMR 0 0 TOTAL EQUIPMENT E. TRAVEL 1. DOMESTIC (INCL. CANADA, MEXICO AND U.S. POSSESSIONS) 2. FOREIGN F. PARTICIPANT SUPPORT 1. STIPENDS $ 2. TRAVEL 3. SUBSISTENCE 4. OTHER TOTAL NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS ( ) G. OTHER DIRECT COSTS 1. MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES 2. PUBLICATION/DOCUMENTATION/DISSEMINATION 3. CONSULTANT SERVICES 4. COMPUTER SERVICES 5. SUBAWARDS Funds Granted by NSF Proposer $0 (If Different) $0 $3,840 TOTAL PARTICIPANT COSTS $6,500 6. OTHER TOTAL OTHER DIRECT COSTS H. TOTAL DIRECT COSTS (A THROUGH G) I. INDIRECT COSTS (F&A) (SPECIFY RATE AND BASE) $10,340 TOTAL INDIRECT COSTS (F&A) J. TOTAL DIRECT AND INDIRECT COSTS (H + I) K. RESIDUAL FUNDS (IF FOR FURTHER SUPPORT OF CURRENT PROJECT SEE GPG II.D.7.j.) L. AMOUNT OF THIS REQUEST (J) OR (J MINUS K) M. COST SHARING: PROPOSED LEVEL $ PI/PD TYPED NAME AND SIGNATURE* Funds Requested By $10,340 $10,340 $ Melania C. López-Castro AGREED LEVEL IF DIFFERENT: $ DATE FOR NSF USE ONLY INDIRECT COST RATE VERIFICATION 15 Feb 2008 ORG. REP. TYPED NAME & SIGNATURE* DATE NSF Form 1030 (10/99) Supersedes All Previous Editions *SIGNATURES REQUIRED ONLY FOR REVISED BUDGET (GPG III.C) Date Checked Date of Rate Sheet Initials-ORG Budget justification Travel = $3,840 Collection of samples will be conducted at two of the four sites proposed in the project. On the second year the foraging grounds where field work will be conducted will be Barbados and Brazil. The costs include: - Round trip ticket to Barbados $660 - Room and board for 1 month $1,200 - Round trip ticket to Brazil $780 - Room and board for 1 month $1,200 Materials and supplies = $6,500 Collecting supplies including cryogenic vials, biopsy punches, tweezers, ethanol, alcohol swabs and shipping costs total $1,500 for the two collecting sites on the first year. The majority of the costs will be accrued through stable isotope and heavy metal analyses. The cost of analyzing each sample for isotope analysis is $10 and the cost for the heavy metal analysis is $15 at the Department of Geology at the University of Florida. These samples include: - 100 carapace samples from site 3 (Barbados) for isotope analysis: $1,000 - 100 carapace samples from site 4 (Brazil) for isotope analysis: $1,000 - 100 carapace samples from site 3 for heavy metal analysis: $1,500 - 100 carapace samples from site 4 for heavy metal analysis: $1,500 FOR NSF USE ONLY 54 SUMMARY PROPOSAL BUDGET (CUMULATIVE) ORGANIZATION University of Florida PROPOSAL NO. DURATION (MONTHS) Proposed PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR/PROJECT DIRECTOR Granted AWARD NO. Melania C. López-Castro A. SENIOR PERSONNEL: PI/PD, Co-PIs, Faculty and Other Senior Associates NSF-Funded List each separately with name and title. (A.7. Show number in brackets) CAL 1. Melania Cecilia López-Castro 0 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ( ) OTHERS (LIST INDIVIDUALLY ON BUDGET EXPLANATION PAGE) 7. ( ) TOTAL SENIOR PERSONNEL (1-6) B. OTHER PERSONNEL (SHOW NUMBERS IN BRACKETS) 1. ( ) POSTDOCTORAL ASSOCIATES 2. ( ) OTHER PROFESSIONALS (TECHNICIAN, PROGRAMMER, ETC.) 3. ( ) GRADUATE STUDENTS 4. ( ) UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS 5. ( ) SECRETARIAL - CLERICAL (IF CHARGED DIRECTLY) 6. ( ) OTHER TOTAL SALARIES AND WAGES (A + B) C. FRINGE BENEFITS (IF CHARGED AS DIRECT COSTS) TOTAL SALARIES, WAGES AND FRINGE BENEFITS (A + B + C) D. EQUIPMENT (LIST ITEM AND DOLLAR AMOUNT FOR EACH ITEM EXCEEDING $5,000.) Person-months ACAD SUMR 0 0 TOTAL EQUIPMENT E. TRAVEL 1. DOMESTIC (INCL. CANADA, MEXICO AND U.S. POSSESSIONS) 2. FOREIGN F. PARTICIPANT SUPPORT 1. STIPENDS $ 2. TRAVEL 3. SUBSISTENCE 4. OTHER TOTAL NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS ( ) G. OTHER DIRECT COSTS 1. MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES 2. PUBLICATION/DOCUMENTATION/DISSEMINATION 3. CONSULTANT SERVICES 4. COMPUTER SERVICES 5. SUBAWARDS Funds Granted by NSF Proposer $0 (If Different) $0 $7,520 TOTAL PARTICIPANT COSTS $13,000 6. OTHER TOTAL OTHER DIRECT COSTS H. TOTAL DIRECT COSTS (A THROUGH G) I. INDIRECT COSTS (F&A) (SPECIFY RATE AND BASE) $20,520 TOTAL INDIRECT COSTS (F&A) J. TOTAL DIRECT AND INDIRECT COSTS (H + I) K. RESIDUAL FUNDS (IF FOR FURTHER SUPPORT OF CURRENT PROJECT SEE GPG II.D.7.j.) L. AMOUNT OF THIS REQUEST (J) OR (J MINUS K) M. COST SHARING: PROPOSED LEVEL $ PI/PD TYPED NAME AND SIGNATURE* Funds Requested By $20,520 $20,520 $ Melania C. López-Castro AGREED LEVEL IF DIFFERENT: $ DATE FOR NSF USE ONLY INDIRECT COST RATE VERIFICATION 15 Feb 2008 ORG. REP. TYPED NAME & SIGNATURE* DATE NSF Form 1030 (10/99) Supersedes All Previous Editions *SIGNATURES REQUIRED ONLY FOR REVISED BUDGET (GPG III.C) Date Checked Date of Rate Sheet Initials-ORG Current and Pending Support (See GPG Section II.D.8 for guidance on information to include on this form.) The following information should be provided for each investigator and other senior personnel. Failure to provide this information may delay consideration of this proposal. Other agencies (including NSF) to which this proposal has been/will be submitted. Investigator: Melania Cecilia López-Castro Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of Support Project/Proposal Title: Use of biochemical markers to understand sea turtle population connectivity between oceanic and neritic foraging areas Source of Support: NSF Graduate Fellowship Research Program Total Award Amount: $20,520 Total Award Period Covered: 3 years (August 2008- August 2011) Location of Project: University of Florida Person-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Support: Current Pending Cal: Acad: Submission Planned in Near Future Sumr: *Transfer of Support Project/Proposal Title: Source of Support: Total Award Amount: $ Total Award Period Covered: Location of Project: Person-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Support: Current Pending Cal: Acad: Submission Planned in Near Future Sumr: *Transfer of Support Project/Proposal Title: Source of Support: Total Award Amount: $ Total Award Period Covered: Location of Project: Person-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Support: Current Pending Cal: Acad: Submission Planned in Near Future Sumr: *Transfer of Support Project/Proposal Title: Source of Support: Total Award Amount: $ Total Award Period Covered: Location of Project: Person-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Support: Current Pending Cal: Acad: Submission Planned in Near Future Sumr: *Transfer of Support Project/Proposal Title: Source of Support: Total Award Amount: $ Total Award Period Covered: Location of Project: Person-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: Acad: Sumr: *If this project has previously been funded by another agency, please list and furnish information for immediately preceding funding period. NSF Form 1239 (10/99) 55 USE ADDITIONAL SHEETS AS NECESSARY FACILITIES, EQUIPMENT & OTHER RESOURCES FACILITIES: Identify the facilities to be used at each performance site listed and, as appropriate, indicate their capacities, pertinent capabilities, relative proximity, and extent of availability to the project. Use “Other” to describe the facilities at any other performance sites listed and at sites for field studies. Use additional pages if necessary. Laboratory: The following laboratories are in the Departments of Zoology and Geology at the University of Florida Karen Bjorndal – lipid extraction, sample preparation Dave Hodell – light stable isotopes and heavy metals analysis Clinical: Animal: Computer: Office: Personal office space in the Department of Zoology, University of Florida Other: MAJOR EQUIPMENT: List the most important items available for this project and, as appropriate, identify the location and pertinent capabilities of each. Dionex Accelerated Solvent Extractor (ASE®), COSTECH ECS 2010 elemental analyzer, Finnigan-MAT ConFlow III Device, Finnigan-MAT DeltaPlus XL isotope ratio mass spectrometer – Light Stable Isotope Lab, Department of Geology, University of Florida, Finnigan-MAT DeltaPlus XL Heavy metal mass spectrometer, Department of Geology, University of Florida OTHER RESOURCES: Provide any information describing the other resources available for the project. Identify support services such as consultant, secretarial, machine shop, and electronics shop, and the extent to which they will be available for the project. Include an explanation of any consortium/contractual/subaward arrangements with other organizations. Machine Shop – Department of Zoology, University of Florida NSF Form 1363 (10/99) 56