Bioelectronics Symposium Nanyang Technological University, October 20-21, 2014

Bioelectronics Symposium
Nanyang Technological University, October 20-21, 2014
Venue: Nanyang Executive Center (NEC)
Education Wing
Lecture Room 2, Level 2
Sponsored by
Bioelectronics Symposium
Nanyang Technological University,
Venue:
Nanyang Executive Center (NEC)
Education Wing
Lecture Room 2, Level 2
Scientific Programme for the Bioelectronics Symposium
Nanyang Executive Center (NEC), Education Wing
Lecture Room 2, level 2
Sunday Oct. 19
18.00
Activity
Dinner for invited speakers
(meet in Lobby Nanyang Executive Center, NEC)
Monday, Oct 20
17.00
Speaker: Title
Chairman: Bo Liedberg
Welcome address Wolfgang Knoll
Zhenan Bao, Stanford University, USA
Skin Inspired Electronics Based on Organic Materials
Chen Xiaodong, NTU, Singapore
Nanoelectronic Memory Devices Based on Silk Protein
Coffee/Tea break
Chairman: Chen Peng
Tai Hyun Park, National Seoul University, Korea
Bioelectronic Nose: Integration of Human Olfactory Receptors
and Nano Devices
Ciril Reiner-Rozman, AIT, Vienna, Austria
Construction and Optimization of a Graphene-Based
Field Effect Transistor Device
Lunch
Chairman: Sven Ingebrandt
Thakor Nitish V, SYNAPS, NUS, Singapore
Neurotechnology: Building Implantable Brain Machine Interfaces
Kim “Ritchie” Dongwhan
Plasmonic Nanosensor: Synthesis, Assembly and Signal
Amplification
Stefano Lai, University of Cagliari, Italy
Organic Charge Sensing Devices as Powerful Tools for the
Quantitative Detection of Biological, Chemical, and Physical
Variables
Coffee/Tea break
Chairman: Bo Liedberg
Fabio Biscarini, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy
Organic Bioelectronics for Regenerative Medicine
Chen Peng, SCBE, NTU, Singapore
Nanoelectronic Detection of Dynamic Cell Functions
Sven Ingebrandt, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany
Micro- and nanoscale sensor arrays for biomedical applications
End day 1
18.30
Dinner for invited speakers
9.00
9.15
9.50
10.25
10.50
11.25
12.00
13.00
13.35
14.10
14.45
15.15
15.50
16.25
Tuesday, Oct 21
11.55
12.15
Speaker: Title
Chairman: Wolfgang Knoll
Magnus Berggren, Linköping University, Sweden
Organic Bioelectronic Devices and Circuits to Regulate Cell
Signaling – Towards New Therapy Methods
Alfred Tok, MSE, NTU, Singapore
Novel Graphene Biosensors for IL-6 Detection
Coffee/Tea break
Chairman: Bo Liedberg
Wolfgang Knoll, AIT, Vienna, Austria
Smell Sensors – Optical or by Electronics?
Donata Iandolo, Linköping University, Sweden
PEDOT:tosylate coated macroporous scaffolds via vapor
phase polymerization for osteoinduction studies
Summary Wolfgang Knoll
Lunch for invited speakers
13.00
Labtour
15.00
End of day 2 and Symposium
9.00
9.35
10.15
10.35
11.20
Contact details:
Wolfgang Knoll (organizer)
Email : Wolfgang.Knoll@ait.ac.at
+43 50550 4002
Bo Liedberg (organizer)
Email : bliedberg@ntu.edu.sg
Tel :
+65 90182416
Phyllis Lim (Symposium secretary)
Email : phyllislim@ntu.edu.sg
Tel :
+65 94590093
Nanyang Executive Centre (NEC) Symposium venue
http://www.ntu.edu.sg/NEC
Email : ntu-NEC@ntu.edu.sg
Tel :
6790 6699
Simon Lim (Driver)
Email: simonlimtransport@gmail.com
Tel :
+65 9795 7573
+65 9877 4166
Skin Inspired Electronics Based
on Organic Materials
Zhenan Bao
Chemical Engineering, and Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering
Stanford University, 381 North South Axis, Stanford
CA 94305-5025
E-mail: zbao@stanford.edu
Organic and carbon nano materials are attractive for low cost electronic units for
electronic skin as well as medicinal, food storage, and environmental monitoring
applications. The ability to couple the sensory electrical output with on-chip signal
processing can overcome the need for bulky, expensive equipment typically required
for most optical detection methods. In this talk, I will present recent progress in
materials design to enhance charge transport properties and to enable high
performance large area solution coated flexible and stretchable transistors and
sensors. Finally, the applications of these materials and devices for skin-inspired
sensors, electronics and battery devices will be presented.
Nanoelectronic Memory Devices Based
on Silk Protein
Xiaodong Chen
School of Materials Science and Engineering
Nanyang Technological University,
50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
Email: chenxd@ntu.edu.sg
Memory nanodevices have attracted intensive attention owing to their potential
applications in nanoelectronic memories, computer logic, neuromorphic computer
architectures, and so on. Various materials such as metal oxides, chalcogenides,
amorphous silicon, carbon, and polymer-nanoparticle composite materials exhibit
memory phenomena. We have demonstrated that show that natural biomaterials like
proteins can be used for the fabrication of solid-state memory devices. In this talk, I
will show how sericin, one kind of silk protein, can be used to fabricate nonvolatile
memory device for the first time. Excellent memory characteristics with resistance
OFF/ON ratio larger than 106 have been obtained and multi-level memory based on
sericin has been achieved.
The environmentally friendly high performance
biomaterials based memory devices may hold a place in the future of electronic
device development.
Bioelectronic Nose:
Integration of Human Olfactory Receptors
and Nano Devices
Tai Hyun Park
School of Chemical and Biological Engineering,
Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
E-mail: thpark@snu.ac.kr
The olfactory system plays an important role in recognizing environmental conditions.
Since olfactory receptor genes were identified and cloned, various researches on
olfactory systems have been carried out, and the interest in olfaction research has
been increasing due to its potential industrial applications. In the smelling process,
the binding of specific odorants to the olfactory receptor proteins is the initiation step
in odor recognition and triggers signal transduction in a cell. Functional expression of
the olfactory receptors on the surface of culturable cells is very useful for application
to an olfactory and sensor. “Bioelectronic nose” consists of primary and secondary
transducers. The primary transducer is a biological sensing element that is human
olfactory receptor, and the secondary transducer is a nanotube. The bioelectronic
nose has sensitivity and selectivity comparable to the natural human nose. Moreover,
it demonstrates specificity characteristics similar to those in the cellular signal
transduction pathway and displays antagonistic behavior similar to the natural
human nose. This bioelectronic nose can be used in industrial applications as an
extremely specific and sensitive sensor as well as in scientific applications for
studying the mechanism of olfaction and the interaction between olfactory receptors
and odorant molecules. It can be used for standardization of smell, smell industry,
medical diagnosis, food quality assessment, environment monitoring, process
monitoring, public safety and so on.
Construction and Optimization of a Graphene-Based
Field Effect Transistor Device
Ciril Reiner-Rozman1,2, Melanie Larisika1, Christoph Nowak1,2, Christoph Kleber2,
Wolfgang Knoll1,2,3
1
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria,
2
Centre for electrochemical surface technology, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
3
Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science,
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Email: Rozman.Ciril.fl@ait.ac.at
We present the construction and characterization of reduced Graphene-Oxide (rGO)
based FETs and their use for biosensing applications. Devices were fabricated using
wet-chemically synthesized graphene, displaying high electron and hole mobility (µ),
thus offering a very high sensitivity also for low potential changes. The device
performance was tested in the liquid gate mode of operation with variation of the
ionic strength and the pH-values of the electrolytes in contact with the gate in a flow
cell and for the sensing of biomolecules. A model based on a modified metal oxide
semiconducting field effect transistor (MOSFET) theory for the devices presented in
this work allows for the calculation of the channel current and its dependence on
interfacial parameters. The interplay of the electrolyte liquid with graphene in the
semiconductor-channel determines the devices conductivity, represents
simultaneously the carrier medium and the contact layer and enables a real-time
read out for different applications. Examples discussed concern the binding of bovine
serum albumin (BSA) as reference and aflatoxin B1 in real life food samples after
testing several passivation agents against unspecific binding of corn extracts.
Neurotechnology: Building Implantable Brain Machine Interfaces
Nitish V. Thakor
Provost Chair Professor
National University of Singapore
Director, Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SiNAPSE)
Email: sinapsedirector@gmail.com; Web: www.sinapseinstitute.org;
Brain machine interfaces have evoked interest as therapeutic devices for treating
neurological disorders - from brain to periphery. Such technology may be useful in
treating disorders such as epilepsy and Parkinson's, spinal cord injury and paralysis,
and helping provide therapeutic solutions for controlling prosthetic limbs and nerve
injuries leading to loss of limb function. A common theme for the neurotechnology
needed is that it must be implanted for a chronic, autonomous function. In order to
build an implantable brain machine interface, the common framework involves
bioelectronic interfaces in the form of electrodes and electronics. This talk will review
implantable electrode technologies, low power electronics and wireless circuits, and
proposed implanted systems for neural prosthesis brain machine interfaces.
Plasmonic Nanosensor: Synthesis, Assembly and Signal
Amplification
Donghwan KIM, Richie
School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering,
Nanyang Technological University,
70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457
Email: DHKIM@ntu.edu.sg
Based on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of metallic nanoparticles,
plasmonic nanosensors have emerged as a powerful tool for biosensing applications.
To date, many detection schemes have been developed and the field is rapidly
growing to incorporate new methodologies and applications. Amidst all of the ongoing research efforts, one common factor remains a key driving force: continued
improvement of high-sensitivity detection. Recognizing the importance of this subject,
yet there has been limited attention to strategies for improving the sensitivity of
plasmonic nanosensors, this talk will highlight our recent progress on different
strategies used for improving the sensitivity of plasmonic nanosensors. Particular,
this talk will cover following two categories based on sensing mechanisms:
1) sensing based on cluster of plasmonic nanoparticles,
2) sensing based on single nanoparticles.
The basic principles and newly developed examples will be provided for each kind of
strategy, collectively forming a unifying framework to view the latest attempts to
improve the sensitivity of nanoplasmonic sensors. Recent attempt for field
application of these devices will be also discussed.
Organic Charge Sensing Devices as Powerful
Tools for the Quantitative Detection of
Biological, Chemical, and Physical Variables
Stefano Lai1, Piero Cosseddu1, Andrea Spanu1, Massimo Barbaro1, Mariateresa
Tedesco2, Sergio Martinoia2, Annalisa Bonfiglio1,3
1
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Piazza
d’Armi, 09123 Cagliari, Italy,
2
Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering,
University of Genova, Via Opera Pia, 13 - 16145 Genova, Italy,
3
CNR – Institute of Nanoscience, S3 Centre, Via Campi 213A, 41125, Modena, Italy
Email: stefano.lai@diee.unica.it, annalisa@diee.unica.it
Electronic readout of chemical, biological and physical variables has attracted arising
interest in the last decades as a suitable alternative to classical analytical
techniques. In particular, field-effect transistor-based sensors and interfaces have
been widely studied for detecting and transducing several kinds of events related to
a variation of the charge and/or charge distribution. So far, several examples have
been proposed and different technologies have been employed; recently, several
examples of FET-based sensors based on the technology of organic
semiconductors, have been proposed. Organic electronics allows the replication of
devices and systems on very large areas with relatively low costs, and this possibility
suggests, quite naturally, the fabrication of disposable sensors, for biological,
chemical and physical variables, on plastic substrates.
However, only few examples of OFET-based biosensor and biointerfaces actually
applied in operational environment have been so far reported. The reasons behind
the limited diffusion of this technology can be found in technological and transduction
drawbacks, whose solution is attracting the attention of the scientific community and
is not trivial. The quantitative sensing of biological, chemical, and physical
parameters is even more challenging for organic devices as it requires tools with
characteristics that are sometimes in contrast with the commonly intended limits of
organic electronics as sensitivity to harsh environment, relatively slow responses,
etc.
In this talk, we will discuss an innovative approach for charge sensing with organic
devices which is particularly designed for overcoming the main technological and
operational limitation of FET-based biosensors and interfaces. In particular it will be
shown how a unique working principle, that can be implemented with different
technological processes, can be tailored for different application fields by playing with
the device architecture. As a result of a precise control of the device design and
integration with biochemical and physical elements, it will be demonstrated that the
operational stability, sensitivity, response rapidity necessary to get optimal
performances in many applications can be obtained. Several kinds of biological,
chemical, physical sensors and a novel FET-based interface for monitoring the
activity of electrically-excitable cells will be finally presented and discussed.
Organic Bioelectronics for Regenerative Medicine
Fabio Biscarini
Life Science Dept., Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia
Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
Email: fabio.biscarini@unimore.it
Electronic transducers of neuronal cellular activity are important devices in
neuroscience and neurology. Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) offer tailored
surface chemistry, mechanical flexibility, and high sensitivity to electrostatic potential
changes at device interfaces. These properties make them attractive for interfacing
electronics to neural cells and performing extracellular recordings and stimulation of
neuronal network activity.
Here I want to present an emerging area of interest where the OFET is used as a
gauge to supply a variety of electrical, chemical and electrochemical stimuli to
neuronal cells, in an effort to stimulate their plasticity else to differentiate neuronal
stem cells into neurons. I will overview the progresses of an ongoing EU project,
“Implantable Organic Nanoelectronics” (I-ONE-FP7) which is aimed to the use of
organic electronics in implantable devices for the treatment of the spinal cord injury
(SCI). The project is presently at midterm, and I will highlight the advances to date
and discuss the direction of further development towards in-vivo experiments on
animal model of the SCI.
This work involves collaboration of several partners, that I would like to acknowledge
through the principal investigators: S. Pluchino (Univ. of Cambridge), M. Berggren
and D. Simon (Univ. Linkoeping), F. Zerbetto and S. Rapino (Univ. of Bologna), P.
Greco (Scriba Nanotecnologie Srl Bologna), L. Occhipinti (ST Microelectronics
Catania), D. Vuillaume (CNRS, Lille), R. Garcia (CSIC Madrid), H. Gomes (Univ. do
Algarve), R. Frycek (Amires Sarl, Neuchatel), E. Cerna and V. Velebny (Contipro
Dolni Dobrouc), T. Cramer, S. Casalini, F. Valle (CNR-ISMN Bologna), G. Foschi, C.
A. Bortolotti, N. Dorigo (UNIMORE).
This work is supported by EU NMP Project I-ONE Grant Agreement n. 280772.
Nanoelectronic Detection of Dynamic Cell Functions
Peng Chen,
School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Email: ChenPeng@ntu.edu.sg
As the current follows solely or largely on the surface, the conductance of the
semiconducting nanomaterials is highly sensitive to the electrochemical perturbation
induced by the interacting biomolecules or by biological activities of the interacting
cells. Taking advantage of this, nanoelectronic biosensors based on these
nanostructured materials have been developed, promising novel applications for
fundamental studies, diagnosis, and drug screening. This presentation briefly
reviews our works on the nanoelectronics-biology interface. More specifically, we
have developed and used nanoelectronic field-effect transistors based on carbon
nanotubes, graphene, or silicon nanowires to electrically detect the presence of
biomolecules or dynamic activities of live cells (secretion of biomolecules or
chemicals, ion channel activities, metabolic activities), with high sensitivity, high
temporal resolution, and high throughput.
Micro- and nanoscale sensor arrays for biomedical applications
Sven Ingebrandt
Department of Computer Sciences and Microtechnology
University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern
66482 Zweibrücken, Germany
E-mail: sven.ingebrandt@fh-kl.de
The biomedical signaling research group at the University of Applied Sciences
Kaiserslautern, Germany, is an international, interdisciplinary group composed of
Ph.D. students and Postdocs. The research subjects are related to developing and
interfacing micro- and nanoscale sensors with different biosystems at length scales
from µm to nm. In this framework the group is working in different governmental,
industry and EU-funded projects. This talk will provide an overview over the current
subjects with special emphasize to possible biomedical applications.
In the past we mainly worked with silicon-based, microsized field-effect transistor
arrays for in vitro recording from cell cultures or for the label-free, fully-electronic
detection of biomolecules. In recent years we scaled the sensors pads of our devices
down to nano-dimensions. Our working horse are top-down fabricated silicon
nanowire (SiNW) transistor arrays for sensing of biomolecular surface interactions
such as DNA or antigen-antibody binding and the use of these devices to record
extracellular signals from cells. Those nano-scale devices show superior
performance in biomedical applications compared to their micro-scale counterparts.
In the current format, however, our silicon-based readout devices are far too
expensive to produce and far too difficult to handle to allow for real applications in
the biomedical field. In newer approaches we try to combine the electrochemical
readout of our nano-scale electronic devices with optical readout detecting the
signals with two – almost independent – transducer principles, simultaneously. These
activities are embedded in the EU-ITN ‘Prosense’, where we aim to detect a mixture
of different prostate cancer biomarkers from blood serum in one assay. There we
team up with experts from the field of biosensors with optical transducer principles.
For this purpose we currently produce SiNW devices on transparent substrates to
combine our readout principle with classical optical sensing of biomolecules.
In an outlook we will present alternative approaches using graphene-based, 2Dchalcogenide based or semiconducting polymer-based materials as integral
components of the device platforms. We believe that either the top-down processed
SiNW arrays combined with an industry standard like CMOS processing or very
cheaply produced alternative approaches as disposable devices might have the
potential to be successfully introduced to the biomedical industry.
This talk will introduce several different sensor platforms and show examples of
several different bioassays from detection of biomolecules, detection of cellular
signals in vitro, detection of cell-substrate adhesion strength on a single cell level
while comparing the approaches and commenting on the different possible
applications.
Organic Bioelectronic Devices and Circuits to
Regulate Cell Signaling – Towards New Therapy Methods
Magnus Berggren
Department of Science and Technology
Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
Email: magnus.berggren@liu.se
Conductors, diodes and transistors based on ion-selective membranes and
conjugated polymers are reported. These Organic Iontronic devices can define
desired linear and non-linear device characteristics and can be combined into
chemical circuits to generate highly accurate and complex biochemical signal
patterns. The signal patterns are then successfully utilized and applied to regulate
signaling and physiology in cells systems, in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of
operation of the fundamental devices will be described along with the performance of
various chemical circuits. Chemical circuits are utilized and explored in various
applications, such as in controlling growth stages of cells and protein structures and
also in various therapy settings, in particular aiming at controlling neuronal signaling
and in drug delivery systems.
Novel Graphene Biosensors for IL-6 Detection
Alfred Tok Iing Yoong
School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Nanyang Technological University,
50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
Email: MIYTok@ntu.edu.sg
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multi-functional cytokine with a wide range of biological
activities such as regulation of the immune system and generation of acute phase
reactions. Currently, ELISA and western blot is the staple for detection of IL-6,
requiring substantial time, machinery, high cost and specialized manpower training.
Graphene Oxide-based amperometric sensor has the advantage of cheap, simple,
real-time yet sensitive. However, the coverage of mono-layered Graphene Oxide
(GO) flake on SiO2 substrate was limited to ca. 90% due to rinsing and unwanted
cross-linking of 3-AminoPropylTriEthoxy Silane (APTES) adhesion layer. We
demonstrate that carbon can be deposited on edges of GO flakes in a CVD at the
same time homogenized the surface conductance. The post-treated GO flakes are
then fabricated into a liquid-gated biosensor for detection of IL-6.
Smell Sensors – Optical or by Electronics?
Wolfgang Knoll
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology,
Vienna, Austria
and
Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science,
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Email: wknoll@ntu.edu.sg
For the sensing of light, e.g., in optical communication, we have extremely powerful
devices with the ability to detect even single photons. Similarly, the monitoring of
sound in acoustic communication is technically no problem: microphones are
available with amazing performance parameters. Only for chemical communication,
for smell or taste detection on a technical level we have (nearly) nothing. Despite the
fact that the monitoring of chemicals in chemotaxis, i.e., the chemicals-guided search
for food of many organisms or the exchange of molecules between species as a way
to communicate with each other, is the oldest of our sensory repertoire, we have
essentially no technical device that offers the sensitivity and the bandwidth needed
to sense and to differentiate many different odors and tastes. Earlier attempts to fill
this gap by “artificial noses” failed (with the only notable exception being the “alcohol
breath analyser” used by police) mostly because of lack of sufficient sensitivity.
In order to develop and present during this talk concepts for smell sensors that could
overcome these sensitivity limits we will firstly very briefly refer to the world of smells
and give a brief introduction into how mammalians and insects smell.
Using a biomimetic approach, i.e., using functional elements (proteins) from nature
and combining them with synthetic (nano- and micro-) devices for hybrid
transducers, we then describe how (vibrational) spectroscopic approaches (IR and
Raman) could help to develop sensor platforms with relevant performance
parameters and refer in the end to novel schemes based on electronic (transistor)
read-out concepts.
PEDOT: tosylate coated macroporous scaffolds via
vapor phase polymerization for osteoinduction
studies
Donata Iandolo*, Lim Jing¥, Swee-Hin Teoh ¥, Daniel Simon*,
Magnus Berggren*,
*Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Dept. of Science and Technology,
Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.
¥
Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering,
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Email: donata.iandolo@liu.se
Previous studies have clinically verified the use of polycaprolactone (PCL)-based
macroporous scaffolds in bone tissue engineering applications, demonstrating their
usefulness in promoting bone healing. In alternative studies conductive coating
layers, used to provide electrical stimulation, were similarly shown to positively affect
osteoblast cells proliferation and their long-term functions. Here we report the use of
vapor phase polymerization as a straightforward technique forcoating PCL
macroporous scaffolds produced via the fused deposition modelling(FDM) technique
with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):tosylate (PEDOT:tosylate). The electrochemical as well as surface and mechanical properties of the resulting conductive
scaffolds have been investigated being these features pivotal for their use in
osteoinduction studies. The development of these organic electronicallyfunctionalized scaffolds presents the opportunity to study the combined effects of
electrical and topographical features in bone tissue engineering applications.
Notes
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