Timeline Prehistory to the Renaissance Lesson 13-00 1

Timeline
Prehistory to the Renaissance
Lesson 13-00
1
• TN SPI
– 6.5.1 Read a timeline and order events of the past
between prehistory and the Renaissance
2
Prehistory
Before
4000 BC
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
3
Prehistory
Before
4000 BC
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
Stone Age
Migration from Africa to Southeast Asia
Hunters/Gatherers/Fishermen
Nomadic Tribes
Stone Tools
Discovery of Fire – migration to colder climates
Agricultural Revolution –Seeds produce Plants
Domestication of Animals
Food Surpluses allow artisan class
4
Prehistory
Before
4000 BC
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
Mesopotamia
Fertile Crescent – Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
Warring City-States
Sumerians – Assyrians – Babylonians – Phoenicians – Hebrews*
Polytheistic – Idol Worship – Ziggurats – Priest meets with gods
Epic of Gilgamesh – Sumerians (Flood Story)
Hammurabi Code – laws written down for the first time
Cuneiform - wedges and lines - Scribes
Phoenician Alphabet – easier for people to learn to read and write
Phoenicians – sailed the Mediterranean Sea selling goods
*Judaism - Monotheistic – Abraham – Famine in Canaan – Travel to Egypt
5
Prehistory
Before
4000 BC
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
Egypt
Nile River – Upper and Lower Egypt
Desert – Provided protection from invasions
Monarch – Dynasty - Pharaohs – Ramses II - Cleopatra
Polytheistic – Many gods – Pyramids – Mummification – Afterlife
Alexandria – Largest library of scrolls (Classic Age)
Hieroglyphs – developed to keep track of growing wealth
6
Prehistory
Before
4000 BC
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
India
Ganges/Indus Rivers – Himalayas (great barrier to the north)
Mixture of Aryan/Indian Culture created:
Hinduism – Reincarnation – Upanishads – after death soul is reborn
Caste System – social class same as parents
Mohenjo Daro – first city with clay drainage pipes under the street
Siddhartha Gautama – prince/suffering - Buddhism
7
Prehistory
Before
4000 BC
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
China
Yellow River or Huang He River – Great Wall of China
Farming – steep slopes using terraces
Family is the most important unit
Dynasties – A new dynasty would begin when a strong ruler defeated
local rulers – large dynasties were difficult to govern
Confucius – Chinese philosopher – government posts - qualified
Buddhism – Reincarnation – Nirvana – spread to China by missionaries
Paper from trees invented during Han Dynasty
Mongol Invasions – Genghis Khan – Kublai Khan – Marco Polo
China’s Riches – silk – Silk Road (land trade route)
8
Prehistory
Before
4000 BC
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
Greeks
Independent City-States – separated by mountains and water
Athens – first democracy
Sparta – monarch
Trojan War – Epics The Illiad and The Odyssey
Philosophers - Socrates – Plato – Aristotle
Plato wrote The Republic – society ruled by philosopher kings
Polytheistic – Greek gods – Zeus, Athena – Mt. Olympus
Visited Oracles to ask advice of gods
First Olympics to honor gods – 776 BC
Appreciation for the arts, drama, architecture (columns)
Alexander the Great – conquered most of the known world to the East
(Persian Empire) and established many cities spreading Greek culture
9
Prehistory
Before
4000 BC
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
Romans
Tiber River – Rome – located at the center of the Mediterranean Sea (Roman Lake)
Romans created a Republic – citizens vote for their leaders
Julius Caesar conquered Gaul – became Emperor – change to Monarch (absolute
rule)
Caesar Augustus – Pax Romana – period of Roman peace
Roman army conquered new lands – allowed people to continue life and
follow their own religions
Polytheistic – adapted Greek gods; later Christianity – Jesus - Crucified
Cruel Emperors – Nero and Caligula – Persecute Christians
Diocletian splits into Eastern and Western Empire
Emperor Constantine moves capital to Byzantium later renamed
Constantinople
Constantine stops persecution of Christians
10
Latin – basis of Romance Languages
Prehistory
Before
4000 BC
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
Byzantine Empire
Old Eastern Roman Empire
Constantinople – Crossroads of Trade between Europe and Asia
Justinian I updates Roman Laws – Justinian Code – basis for most modern European
countries
Theodora influences Justinian to include laws for women
Christianity splits – Great Schism of 1054
Roman Catholic Church and Orthodox Christian Church (Icons)
11
Prehistory
Before
4000 BC
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
Middle Ages
Europe – Holy Roman Empire - Charlemagne
Feudalism – Manor System – Land owned by king or church
Theocracy – government by church rulers
Serfs – unofficial slaves
Viking Invasions
Christianity accepted religion – Roman Catholic Church thrives
Islam spreads across Northern Africa – Charles Martel
Crusades – Christians prevented from entering Jerusalem by Muslim Turks
Interest in trade revived after Crusades
William the Conqueror – Battle of Hastings – 1066
King John and the Magna Carta
Hundred Years’ War – Joan of Arc
12
Prehistory
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
Before
4000 BC
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
Renaissance
Begins in Italy – Spreads throughout Europe
Rebirth in art, science, thought, and learning
New interest in Classical Civilizations – Greek and Roman – called humanism
Gutenberg – Printing Press – Gutenberg Bible
Galileo – Telescope
Leonardo da Vinci – Mona Lisa – Last Supper
Michalangelo – Sculptures of David and Moses – Sistine Chapel
Nicolo Machiavelli – The Prince
William Shakespeare – 37 plays
Martin Luther – Protestant Reformation 1517 (reform Catholic Church)
Catholic Church selling indulgences
Henry VIII – (Tudors) English Reformation - Church of England
Elizabeth I – King Phillip II – Spanish Armada
13
Prehistory
Before
4000 BC
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
Exploration
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
1200-1600 AD
Exploration
Marco Polo – Trade Routes to the Richest of the East – 1275 (paper money)
Kublai Khan - Mongols
Muslim Turks capture Constantinople and close land route in 1453 - monopoly
Prince Henry – Navigational School in Portugal – 1420
Dias and da Gama – Ocean Route to Asia around Africa – 1487 and 1497
Columbus – Reach Asia by sailing West – 1492 (four voyages)
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella - $$$ for Columbus
Amerigo Vespucci and Balboa – New Continent and Ocean – 1502 and 1513
Ferdinand Magellan – First to Circumnavigate the globe - 1519-1522
14
Prehistory
Before
4000 BC
Ancient Civilizations
Classical Age
4000-1000 BC
1000 BC –500 AD
4000 BC 3000 BC
Middle Ages
500-1500 AD
Renaissance
2000 BC
1000 BC
0
1000 AD
Exploration
1300-1600 AD
1500 AD 2000 AD
1200-1600 AD
Civilizations of the Americas
Polythestic Religious Beliefs based on Nature
Two sides of the unaware the other exists – Disease/Conquered by Europeans
Olmec – Central America – Mother Civilization – Stone faces
Maya – Central America – Stone Temples
Aztec Empire – Central American Warriors – Human Sacrifice – Rich in Gold –
conquered by Cortes
Inca Empire – Western South America, Andes Mtns. of Peru - Rich in Gold –
Conquered by Pizarro – Machu Picchu believed to be a palace Eastern Woodlands – Lands east of the Mississippi River – Forests/deer - Wigwams
The Plains – West of MS River and East of Rocky Mtns. – Buffalo/Tepee
Desert Southwest – Southwest U.S. – Adobes – Woven Cloth
15
Northwest Coast – Coastline from California to Alaska – Fishermen – Totem Poles