ChemCom: Spring Semester Final Exam âPractice Test

Transcription

ChemCom: Spring Semester Final Exam
Practice
Test
Battery Unit
Directions: Use the following lab data to answer question 1. Battery Metal #1 Potato Clock Magnesium Metal #2 Silver Voltage Measured 3.16 V 1. Use the table below to calculate the theoretical voltage of the battery in the potato
o
o
clock above. (
Theoretical = E
E
) gain
lose
Water Quality Unit Directions: The WQI is calculated using nine different tests. For the questions below; describe
what each WQI test measures.
WQI Test
What does this test measure?
2. pH
3. Turbidity
4. fecal coliform
5. Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.)
Directions: The WQI is calculated using nine different tests. For the questions below,
describe how each test is performed. Each choice may only be used once. NOT ALL ANSWER
CHOICES WILL BE USED.
WQI Test
6. Turbidity
7. Fecal Coliform
8. Total Solids
9. Temperature
Describe how the test is performed.
Directions: Low quality (Q) values by any of the nine tests that make up the WQI can cause
problems in a lake or river. Identify the described problems below with the likely cause.
10.
Water Problem: Local fishermen have contracted typhoid fever and hepatitis. Local kids
playing in the river have reported numerous ear infections and dysentery. Contact with
the water seems to be making people sick.
What test is most likely showing a low Quality Value?
11.
Water Problem: Entire lake appears to lack life of any kind. Lake is completely clear but
has nothing living. Tests also show a high level of heavy metals in the water.
The water most likely is suffering from what?
12.
Water Problem: Water appears very muddy. Visible silt and floating particles in the water.
The bottom cannot be seen even in shallow water.
What test is most likely showing a low Quality Value?
13.
Water Problem: The water is very warm. Water is clear but there are dead fish. The only
fish alive seem to be catfish and bullheads.
What 2 tests are most likely showing a low Quality Value?
Directions: The environment surrounding a stream or creek can often have a direct impact on
some of the nine tests used to measure the WQI. For questions 14 & 15 decide which
environmental factor described below with the likely impact it will have on the lake or river.
14.
A local creek is surrounded by farms. The farmers are often seen using fertilizers on the
cornfields directly next to the stream.
What environmental factor will likely have an impact on the stream?
15.
A dairy farm has a creek in the middle of the field where cows and sheep can be seen
grazing daily. Often the cows can be seen dropping cow pies (poop) into the river.
What would be the most
IMMEDIATE
effect on the water be?
Total Solids:
16. Using the data below and the total solids formula, what would be the calculated level of
total solids in this sample?
Total solid scum formula
( Mass of residue (g) / Sample V olume (mL) ) x 1, 000, 000 mg2/g L = ppm total solids
Total solids data
Water poured into beaker:
185.0 ml
Mass of beaker with dried solid:
Mass of clean beaker:
112.15 grams
112.13 grams
Directions: Use the Quality graph and the lab data below to answer questions 17-19.
Lab Data:
Nitrate Testing
Nitrate Level = 1 ppm
17.
What is the Q value for the sample tested?
18.
How would you rate the quality of the water?
19.
What is the WQI score for this sample?
UNIT 2D Questions
Directions: Use the graph below to answer questions 20-22.
Graph Showing the Projected Increase in the Temperature of the Oceans
20.
Write a 1 sentence story of the graph, describing the relationship between the change in ocean
temperature vs. the year.
21.
What is t
he main reason the temperature of the oceans is increasing?
22.
How much is the temperature of the ocean projected to change between 2030 and
2050? (Use the graph above to find your answer)
Graph Showing the Current and Predicted CO
Levels in the Atmosphere
2
23. What is the projected carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere in the year 2010?
24. How much is the carbon dioxide level going to change between 2020 and 2060?
25. Give at least two reason for why the carbon dioxide levels are increasing in the atmosphere?
26. What does “ppm” stand for?
Directions: Use the graph below to answer the following questions 27-30.
27. What is the slope of the graph above? Remember to include units. (Show your work)
28. Write a “For Every” statement using your slope for the graph above.
29. Based on the graph above, if the carbon dioxide level changes by 80 ppm in the future, the
pH of the ocean will drop to about what number?
30. Use the Lundgren Equation to calculate how many more times acidic the ocean will become
if the carbon dioxide level increases by 80 ppm?
(Lundgren Equation =
Change in acidity = 10 Δ pH
) Directions: Ocean Acidification
The graph below shows the pH of a beaker of salt water after a student added solid dry ice
(CO
) to the beaker. Use the graph below to answer the following questions 31-33.
2
31. At the end of the experiment (Time = 10 min), the sample would be classified as an acid, base,
or neutral? Why?
32. What was the ΔpH of the ocean water during the experiment?
33. What substance is produced when CO
in the atmosphere reacts with ocean water? Write
2
the chemical equation for this reaction.
Directions: The graph below shows the pH of two simulated lakes after they received heavy
doses of acid rainfall. Use the graph below to answer the questions 34-37.
34. What was the final pH of the sand lake after 100 drops of acid rain were added?
35. Which lake would be considered an acid at the end of the experiment?
36. Which lake dropped to a pH that would kill all of the life in the lake at the end of the
experiment?
the limestone bottom lake during the experiment?
37. What was the ΔpH of
Directions: The diagram below shows a screenshot of the Micro pH - PhET. Use the diagram
below to answer questions 38-41.
38. Which of the liquids listed would be classified as a base?
39. A student did an experiment to determine the pH of all the substances listed above.
What would be the independent variable in their experiment?
What would be the dependent variable?
40. Which of the following compounds represents an acid
a. NaOH
b. HF
c. NaCl
d. Mg(OH)
2
41. Which of the following compounds represents a base
a. NaCl
b. HF
c. HCl
d. NaOH
Unit 2C Questions
42
42. On the altitude vs. temperature graph above please label the troposphere, the mesosphere,
and the stratosphere.
43. What is the name of the layer of the atmosphere that we live when
on the surface of the Earth?
44. What layer of the atmosphere did Felix Baumgartner jump from?
45. What was the temperature outside of the balloon when Felix jumped?
47. What is the difference in the temperature of the atmosphere when you compare where Felix
jumped to the surface of the Earth?
48. What are the two most abundant gas in the atmosphere? What are there relative amounts?
49.
Based on the altitude and pressure graph above, which is the relationship between
altitude and air pressure?
50.
If Felix did not wear a spacesuit, what would have happened to his blood when he
stepped outside of the capsule to jump? Why?
51.
Felix jumped from about 40 km above the Earth. What was the approximate pressure
around the balloon when he jumped?
52.
At what altitude what the air pressure be 405 mmHg?
Directions: Use the graph below describing changes in the Earth’s atmosphere to answer
questions 53-55.
53.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Based on the graph, rank the gasses from the gas that traps the most infrared radiation, to
the gas that traps the least infrared radiation.
most CH
, CO
, H
O, N
least
4
2
2
2
most CO
,
CH
,
N
,
H
0
least
2
4 2 2
most N
, H
O, CO
, CH
least
2
2
2
4
most CO
, H
O, CH
, N
least
2
2
4
2
54. Which of the greenhouse gases tested above are produced when hydrocarbons like coal,
gasoline and natural gas are burned?
55. Which of the above gases are considered to be greenhouse gases?
Directions: Use the data table and graph below to answer questions 56-57.
56.
Which set of data would show the temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere if the amount
of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere was a lot higher than today’s levels?
a. A
b. B
c. C
57.
Based on the data table, about how much has the carbon dioxide increased “today”
compared to the carbon dioxide level in 1750?
Directions: Use the data table and graph of the Carbon Dioxide levels from Mauna Loa to
answer questions 58-59.
58. What was the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in 1800 before people during the
industrial revolution began burning coal?
59. In 2015 the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere hit 400 ppm. How much CO
has been
2
added to the atmosphere since 1900?
60. What are the products for all hydrocarbon combustion reaction?
61. The chemical equation for burning gasoline is below. Why does burning fossil fuels like
gasoline and coal contribute to global warming?
2 C
H
+ 25 O
--> 18 H
O + 16 CO
8
18
2
2
2
Directions: Use the equations and the graph below to answer the questions 62-65:
.
62.
Which color photons of light on the spectrum above would have the highest energy?
63.
Estimate the wavelength of the photons of light making the 0.9 intensity peak in the yellow
zone.
64.
The photons captured by the spectrovis were generated by exciting the atoms of the
different chemicals with energy. Which subatomic particle gets pushed up to higher
energy levels, then falls emitting photons of light during the experiments?
65.
6
Calculate the energy in a photon of infrared light that has a wavelength of 7.8 x 10
nm.
Unit 2B Questions:
Directions: Match the names of the phase changes below to the descriptions in questions 66-70.
a. condensation
b. freezing
c. melting
d. vaporization (boiling)
e. sublimation
66. Dry ice changing from a solid to a gas at room temperature
67. Water changing from a liquid into a solid
68. A liquid that is heated until gas bubbles form throughout the sample
69. When water vapor is cooled and forms water droplets on the surface of the container.
70. After leaving your water bottle in the freezer overnight it turns into ice.
Directions: Match the description of the flow of energy below to the descriptions in questions 71-72.
a. Energy must be added
b. Energy is released
71. Freezing a glass of water
72. Boiling a pot of water
c. Energy does not get added or released
73. Label what states of matter are present at each segment on the graph above.
74. The melting point temperature for the substance above is what?
75. The boiling point temperature for the substance above is what?
76. What is happening to the sample between letters B and C
77. In what segment are both solid and liquid phases present?
78.
Label the following on the graph above: normal melting point, normal boiling point,
critical point, triple point, the region where only solid exists, the region where only liquid exists,
and the region where only gas exists.
79.
What phase would the sample be in at a pressure of 50 kPa and a temperature of -10 o

C.
80.
What pressure and temperature would the triple point exist at?
81.
If the pressure stayed constant at 40 kPa, and the temperature changed from 50 deg C to
0 deg C, what phase change would occur?
82. According to the graph above, what percent solution of ethylene glycol will protect your engine
from the coldest temperatures?
83. According to the graph above, what percent solution of propylene glycol will protect your engine
from the coldest temperatures?
84. According to the graph above, what is the OEM Recommended Range for percent glycol?
85. Which glycol solution has a higher freezing point in the OEM Recommended Range?