Here - Emma Cook

Gender and Sexuality in Postwar Japan
Dr. Emma Cook
cook@oia.hokudai.ac.jp
Course Description:
The aims of this course are to give a broad overview of gender, sexuality and society with a
particular focus on contemporary Japanese society. We will explore a variety of ethnographic and
theoretical materials (including readings and films) on how gender and sexuality has been culturally
constructed and experienced in the socio-historical context of postwar Japan. We will also analyse
how ethnographic studies can qualify and inform questions about gender in society. Therefore the
course, whilst focusing mostly on Japan, will also be inherently comparative in context and scope.
Timetable
There will be one 90-minute class per week combining both lecture and discussion.
Learning Outcomes (Class Goals)
By the end of the course students should be able to:
1. Understand and critically analyse some of the main debates in the anthropology of gender.
2. Have a clear understanding of the various ways in which gender and society intersect in
Japan.
3. Students will be able to critically analyse the ‘everyday’: those events that initially appear so
normal that they do not warrant analysis.
4. Students will learn to ask critical questions in this course instead of focusing only on coming
up with answers.
Evaluation Criteria:
This course is evaluated on class participation and coursework. Class participation is based on
submitted discussion questions, and reading presentation; coursework is based on one 2000-2500word essay and weekly reflection comments.
1) Class Participation (50%)
a) Discussion Questions (15%)
All students are required to send me (to cook@oia.hokudai.ac.jp) at least one open-ended
discussion question by 5pm each the day before class. If you are late with your question you will
not get credit for it. These questions should not be fact based. If you could Google your question
and get the answer then this is not a discussion question. I am not looking for ‘correct’ answers, but
questions that reflect your thoughts and critiques that came up as you were reading the texts.
1 Note on Required Readings: All the required readings are available for download from my
website: http://www.emma-e-cook.net. Go to the ‘Teaching’ Section and click on the class name
(Gender and Sexuality in Postwar Japan). The password for accessing these readings is: gender
b) Reading Presentations (20%)
Most weeks we will discuss one reading in-depth. Each student will take it in turns to give a short
summary of the main points of the reading and to start and lead the discussion.
c) Weekly Reflection Comments (15%)
Students are required to write short reflection comments at the end of each class that critically
consider what we have discussed.
2) Coursework (50%)
a) Essay:
One 2000-2500 word essay is required. A list of essay questions will be distributed during the term.
Due Date: 5 p.m. on 23rd July 2015 (by email)
Deadlines:
All assessed work must be emailed to me by the deadline stated. If you hand in work late without
consultation, 2% will be deducted from your grade per day that it is late.
Academic Honesty and Plagiarism
All work you hand in must be written in your own words. If you summarise an author’s work you
must refer to that author in your text and include them in your bibliography. Any quotes you use
from a book or journal must be referenced (stating the author, date of publication and page number).
If you copy any part of a book or article without referencing it or if you copy another student’s
work you will be engaging in plagiarism, which is dishonest and constitutes cheating. If it is
discovered that you have plagiarised you will be given 0 points for the report or essay in which you
have plagiarised.
2 Weekly Schedule
Week 1: Introduction to the Course
16th April 2015
This class will introduce the course objectives and evaluation criteria.
We will start to ask: What is gender? What is a gender role? What is sexuality? The lecture will
provide an introductory context of debates of gender, sex and sexuality and asks why it is important
to look at these in the context of social life.
No readings are due in Week 1
Week 2: Nature vs. Culture and Japanese Feminism
23rd April 2015
We start off this week by looking at one of the major debates regarding gender, that of the
nature/culture debate. We will start to explore whether gender is biologically or culturally
constructed, and what the significance of this debate has been in understandings of sex and gender
theoretically. We then turn to begin looking at the Japanese context. We will explore the emergence
of feminism in Japanese society and the role of Japanese feminism in shaping contemporary gender
ideals.
Required Reading:
1. Moore, Henrietta. 1994 ‘Understanding Sex and Gender’ in Ingold, T (eds.) Companion
Encyclopaedia of Anthropology. London, New York: Routledge. Read at least pages 813-816
and pages 821-825.
Discussion Question Due
Recommended reading:
Brettell, C.B. & C.F. Sargent (eds). 1996. Gender: in Cross-Cultural Perspective. N.J.: Prentice
Hall. Esp. Part IV. ‘The Cultural Construction of Gender and Personhood’.
Chiyo Saito, Interview and “What is Japanese Feminism?,” in Sandra Buckley (ed.), Broken
Silence: Voices of Japanese Feminism, pp. 257-270 (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press,
1997).
Chizuko Ueno, Interview and “Are the Japanese Feminine? Some Problems of Japanese Feminism
in its Cultural Context, “ in Sandra Buckley (ed.), Broken Silence: Voices of Japanese Feminism,
pp. 293-301 (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1997).
Dales, Laura. 2009. Feminist Movements in Contemporary Japan. London: Routledge.
Fujieda, Mioko. 2011. ‘Japan’s First Phase of Feminism’ In Fujimura-Fanselow, Kumiko (ed).
Transforming Japan: How Feminism and Diversity Are Making A Difference. The Feminist Press.
(Chapter 22).
Mackie, V. 2003. Feminism in Modern Japan: Citizenship, Embodiment, and Sexuality. Cambridge;
New York: Cambridge University Press.
Martin, Emily. 1991. "The Egg and the Sperm: How Science Has Constructed a Romance Based on
Stereotypical Male-Female Roles." Signs 16(3): 485-501.
3 Ortner, Sherry “Is Female to Male as Nature is to Culture?” Feminist Studies, Autumn, 1972, vol. 1,
no. 2, p. 5-31.
Shigematsu, Setsu. 2012. Scream from the Shadows: The Women’s Liberation Movement in Japan.
University of Minnesota Press.
Strathern, M 1980 'No nature, no culture: The Hagen case'. In C. MacCormack and M. Strathern
(eds), Nature, Culture and Gender. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Week 3: Gender in the Family, Education and Work
30th April 2015
This week we’ll be covering a lot of ground looking at gender in three spheres: family, education
and work. We do this because in postwar Japanese society gender roles have been constructed
largely in terms of ‘complementary incompetence’ (Edwards 1990). Of particular interest this week
is how people are gendered via processes of socialisation within the family, within the education
system and within work. We will look at the postwar period and explore the changes that have
occurred with regards to gender, and how tax and welfare policy has helped to reinforce specific
gendered roles in the home and workplaces. We will also look at the Equal Employment
Opportunity Law, company practices, and employee experiences.
Required Readings:
1. Nakatani, Ayami. 2006. ‘The Emergence of ‘nurturing fathers’: Discourses and practices of
fatherhood in contemporary Japan.’ In Rebick, M & Takenaka, A. The Changing Japanese Family.
London and New York: Routledge.
2. Nakano, Lynne. 2014. ‘Single Women in Marriage and Employment Markets in Japan’, in
Kawano, Satsuki, Glenda S. Roberts and Susan O. Long. Capturing Contemporary Japan.
Pp.163-182.
Discussion Question Due
Recommended reading:
Aiba, Keiko and Amy Wharton. 2001. "Job-Level Sex Composition and the Sex Pay Gap in a Large
Japanese Firm." Sociological Perspectives 44:67-87.
Allison, A. 1991. 'Japanese mothers and Obentō’s: The lunch box as ideological state apparatus’,
Anthropological Quarterly, 64(4): 195-208.
Carroll, Tessa 2006. ‘Changing Language, gender and family relations in Japan’ In Rebick, M &
Takenaka, A. The Changing Japanese Family. London and New York: Routledge.
Cook, Emma 2013. ‘Expectations of Failure: Maturity and Masculinity for Freeters in
Contemporary Japan.’ Social Science Japan Journal. Vol. 16 pp. 29-43
Creighton, M.R. 1994 ‘"Edutaining" children: consumer and gender socialization in Japanese
marketing’ in Ethnology 33(1).
4 Hara, Kimi and K. Fujimura-Fanselow. 2011. ‘Educational Challenges Past and Present’ In
Fujimura-Fanselow, Kumiko (ed). Transforming Japan: How Feminism and Diversity Are Making
A Difference. The Feminist Press. (Chapter 5)
Hidaka, Tomoko 2010 'Masculinity and the Family System: The Ideology of the ‘Salaryman’ across
Three Generations' in Ronald, R & A. Alexy (eds.) Home and Family in Japan: Continuity and
Transformation. London: Routledge
Macnaughtan, H. 2006. 'From 'Post-war' to 'Post-Bubble': Contemporary Issues for Japanese
Working Women', in P. Matanle and W. Lunsing (eds.), Perspectives on Work, Employment, and
Society in Japan, Basingstoke; New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Miura, M. 2012. Welfare Through Work: Conservative Ideas, Partisan Dynamics, and Social
Protection in Japan. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
Nemoto, Kumiko 2012. 'Long Working Hours and the Corporate Gender Divide in Japan' in Gender,
Work and Organization
Nemoto, Kumiko 2010. ‘Sexual Harassment and Gendered Organizational Culture in Japanese
Firms.’ In Williams, C and Dellinger, K (eds.) Gender and Sexuality in the Workplace
Osawa, M. 2001. 'People in Irregular Modes of Employment: Are They Really Not Subject to
Discrimination?', Social Science Japan Journal, 4(2): 183-199.
Ronald, R & A. Alexy (eds.) 2010. ‘Introduction: Continuity and Change in Japanese Homes and
Families’ in Home and Family in Japan: Continuity and Transformation. London: Routledge.
Taga, F. 2003. 'Rethinking Male Socialisation: Life Histories of Japanese Male Youth', in K. Louie
and M. Low (eds.), Asian Masculinities: The Meaning and Practice of Manhood in China and Japan
London and New York: Routledge.
White, Bruce. 2010. 'Reassembling Familial Intimacy: Civil, Fringe, and Popular Youth Visions of
the Japanese Home and Family' in Ronald, R & A. Alexy (eds.) Home and Family in Japan:
Continuity and Transformation. London: Routledge.
Week 4: Reproduction and Technology
7th May 2015
The first half of the lecture will focus on ideals of marriage in Japan and how these ideals have been
gendered. The second half of the lecture will look at the increasing role of technology in
reproduction in Japan, focusing on the increased up-take of IVF and the issues surrounding
surrogacy. We will also ask what role reproductive technology has in the creation of gender ideals –
does it give women freedom over their bodies? Does it limit women to being procreators? How
does it affect masculinities? What affect(s) does reproductive technology have on the construction
of gendered identities?
Required Reading:
1. Kato, M and M Sleeboom-Faulkner 2012 'Ova collection in Japan – making visible women's
experience in male spaces' in Gender, Place & Culture: A Journal of Feminist Geography
Discussion Question Due
5 Recommended reading:
Franklin, S and H. Ragone (eds.) 1998 Reproducing Reproduction: Kinship, Power and
Technological Innovation
Franklin, S. and M. McNeill 1988 ‘Recent literature and current feminist debates on reproductive
technologies’. Feminist Studies 14: 545-560
Fujioka,
Chisa.
2008.
‘Japan's
surrogate
mothers
emerge
from
http://www.reuters.com/article/2008/03/13/us-japan-surrogate-idUST3565520080313
shadows’.
Haraway, D. 1988 ‘Situated knowledges: the science question in feminism and the privilege of
partial perspective’. Feminist Studies 14: 575-599.
Haraway, Donna. J. 1991. Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: The Reinvention of Nature. Free
Association Books. Chapter 8
Hayden, C. 1995 ‘Gender, genetics, and generation: reformulating biology in lesbian kinship’.
Cultural Anthropology 10: 41-63
Kato, M and M Sleeboom-Faulkner 2011. 'Meanings of the embryo in Japan: narratives of IVF
experience and embryo ownership' in Sociology of Health & Illness Vol 33 Issue 3 pp.434-447
Kessler, S. 1990 ‘The medical construction of gender: case management of intersexed infants’.
Signs 16: 3-26
Martin, E. 1991 ‘The egg and the sperm: how science has constructed a romance based on
stereotyped male-female roles’. Signs 16: 485-501
Moore, L. 2002 ‘Extracting men from semen: masculinity in scientific representations of sperm’.
Social Text 20: 91-119
Oudshoorn, Nelly 2004. ‘"Astronauts in the Sperm World": The Renegotiation of Masculine
Identities in Discourses on Male Contraceptives’ in Men and Masculinities 2004(6).
Rapp, R. 2000 Testing Women, Testing the Fetus: The Social Impact of Amniocentesis in America.
Shapiro, Eve. 2010. Gender Circuits: Bodies and Identities in a Technological Age. London and
New York: Routledge. Chapters 1, 3 and Review
Stolcke, V. 1986 ‘New Reproductive Technologies – Same old Fatherhood’. Critique of
Anthropology 6: 5-31
Strathern, M. 1995. ‘Nostalgia and the new genetics’. In D. Battaglia (ed.) Rhetorics of Self-Making,
pp. 97-120
Week 5: Masculinities
14th May 2015
This week we move onto a specific discussion of masculinities. We will start out by looking
theoretically at masculinity: specifically the idea of hegemonic masculinity. We will then look at
masculinities in the Japanese context and discuss what repercussions there may be on individuals
when they don’t or can’t live up to normative expectations of gendered behaviour. We will also
6 touch on the emergence of the men’s movement in Japan and their relation to feminism. Finally, we
will introduce ideas of female masculinity and ask if there can be masculinity without men.
Required Readings:
1. Connell, R. W. and James W. Messerschmidt. 2005. ‘Hegemonic Masculinity: Rethinking the
Concept,’ Gender and Society, 19(6): 829-859.
2. Roberson, J.E. 2003. 'Japanese Working Class Masculinities: Marginalized Complicity', in
Roberson, J.E and N. Suzuki (eds.), Men and Masculinities in Contemporary Japan:
Dislocating the Salaryman Doxa. London and New York: Routledge.
Discussion Question Due
Recommended reading:
Allison, Anne 1994. Nightwork: Sexuality, Pleasure, and Corporate Masculinity in a Tokyo Hostess
Club. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Pages: 1-76.
Connell, R. W. 1995. Masculinities. Berkeley: University of California Press. Introduction and
Chapter 3.
Dasgupta, R. 2003. 'Creating Corporate Warriors: The "Salaryman" and Masculinity in Japan', in K.
Louie and M. Low (eds.), Asian Masculinities: The Meaning and Practice of Manhood in China and
Japan. London ; New York: Routledge.
Dasgupta, R. 2012. Re-reading the Salaryman in Japan: Crafting Masculinities (Routledge/Asian
Studies Association of Australia (ASAA) East Asian Series)
Dowd, N. 2010. The Man Question. New York University Press
Halberstam, J. 2002. ‘The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: Men, Women and Masculinity,’ in Gardiner,
Judith Kegan (ed.) Masculinity Studies and Feminist Theory: New Directions. New York:
Columbia University Press. Pp 344-368.
Halberstam, J. 1998. Female Masculinity. Durham [N.C]; London: Duke University Press.
Introduction.
Hidaka, T. 2010. Salaryman Masculinity: The Continuity and Change in Hegemonic Masculinity in
Japan. Leiden: Brill Academic Publishing.
Ito, Kimio. 2011. ‘The Formation and Growth of the Men’s Movement’. In Fujimura-Fanselow,
Kumiko (ed). Transforming Japan: How Feminism and Diversity Are Making A Difference. The
Feminist Press. (Chapter 9)
Light, R. 2003. 'Sport and the Construction of Masculinity in the Japanese Education System', in K.
Louie and M. Low (eds.), Asian Masculinities: The Meaning and Practice of Manhood in China and
Japan, London; New York: Routledge.
Louie, K. 2003. 'Chinese, Japanese and Global Masculine Identities', in K. Louie and M. Low (eds.),
Asian Masculinities: The Meaning and Practice of Manhood in China and Japan, London ; New
York: Routledge.
7 McLelland, M. 2003. 'Gay Men, Masculinity and the Media in Japan', in K. Louie and M. Low
(eds.), Asian Masculinities: The Meaning and Practice of Manhood in China and Japan, London;
New York: Routledge.
McLelland, M. 2005. 'Salarymen Doing Queer: Gay Men and the Heterosexual Public Sphere in
Japan', in M. J. McLelland and R. Dasgupta (eds.), Genders, Transgenders and Sexualities in Japan
London: Routledge.
Roberson, James and Nobue Suzuki (eds) 2003. Men and Masculinity in Contemporary Japan:
Beyond the Salaryman Doxa. London and New York: RoutledgeCurzon. – Any/All chapters.
Smith, R. J. 1987. 'Gender Inequality in Contemporary Japan', Journal of Japanese Studies, 13(1):
1-25.
Taga, F. 2005. 'Rethinking Japanese Masculinities: Recent Research Trends', in M. McLelland and
R. Dasgupta (eds.), Genders, Transgenders and Sexualities in Japan, London and New York:
Routledge.
Week 6: Power, Resistance and Gender
21st May 2015
This week we will query: What is power and resistance and how is it gendered? Why is it important
to explore resistance and power through the lense of gender? We will do this through a critical
viewing of the 2008 documentary: Japan, a Story of Love and Hate
Class Viewing & Discussion: Japan, a Story of Love and Hate
Required Reading:
1. Ogasawara, Yuko. 1998. Office Ladies and Salaried Men: Power, Gender, and Work in
Japanese Companies. Berkeley: University of California Press. Chapter 5.
Discussion Question Due
Recommended reading:
Saba Mahmood. 2005. Politics of Piety: The Islamic revival and the feminist subject. Princeton:
Princeton University Press. Chapter 1.
Strobel, Margaret and Nupur Chaudhuri, (eds), 1992. Western Women and Imperialism: Complicity
and Resistance. Bloomington, Indiana Press.
Vij, R. 2013. 'Affective Fields of Precarity: Gendered Antinomies in Contemporary Japan',
Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, 38(2): 122-138.
Week 7: Commercialization and Fantasy: Hosts at Work
28th May 2015
Through the viewing of a documentary this week we will consider the role of fantasy and
commercialisation in gender.
8 Class Viewing and Discussion: The Great Happiness Space
Recommended reading:
Takeyama, Akiko 2010 “Intimacy for Sale: Masculinity, Entrepreneurship, and Commodity Self in
Japan’s Neoliberal Situation.” Japanese Studies 30(2): 231-246.
Takeyama, Akiko 2005. “Commodified Romance in a Tokyo Host Club.” In Mark McLelland and
Romit Dasgupta (eds.) Genders, Transgenders and Sexualities in Japan New York: Routledge.
Week 8: Politics and Civil Action
(Tues) 9th June 2015
This week we look at gender, politics and civil action in Japan. Questions we will consider are:
How is political action linked to ideas of feminism in Japan? How are political actions gendered?
Who gets involved in civil action and volunteering and how are sites of civil action gendered?
Required Reading:
1. LeBlanc, Robin. M. 2010. The Art of the Gut: Manhood, Power, and Ethics in Japanese Politics.
University of California Press. Chapter 1.
Discussion Question Due
Recommended reading:
Kunihiro, Yoko. 2011. ‘The Politicization of Housewives’. In Fujimura-Fanselow, Kumiko (ed).
Transforming Japan: How Feminism and Diversity Are Making A Difference. The Feminist Press.
Chapter 24
LeBlanc, Robin M. 1999. Bicycle Citizens: The Political World of the Japanese Housewife.
Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Chapters 1 and 4.
LeBlanc, Robin. 2000. “Reconceiving Community: Pedaling and Peddling Democracy Among
Japanese Housewives.” In Social Structures, Social Capital, and Personal Freedom, ed. Peter
Lawler and Dale McConkey (Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers, 2000), pages 31-42.
Pharr, Susan 1981. “The Background to the Contemporary Struggle: Gaining Political Rights in
Japan,” Political Women in Japan Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. pp. 15-41
Week 9: Gender, Race and Nation
11th June 2015
This week we’ll explore how gender, race, and nation become entangled as categories.
Required Readings:
1. Kondo, Dorinne 1999. “Fabricating Masculinity: Gender, Race, and Nation in a Transnational
Frame” In, Caren Kaplan, Norma Alarcón, Minoo Moallem, eds. Between Woman and Nation:
Nationalisms, Transnational Feminisms, and the State. Durham: Duke University Press. Pages:
296-319.
9 2. Aoyama, Kaoru. 2011. ‘Migrants and the Sex Industry’ In Fujimura-Fanselow, Kumiko (ed).
Transforming Japan: How Feminism and Diversity Are Making A Difference. The Feminist
Press. (Chapter 20).
Discussion Question Due
Recommended reading:
Abu-Lughod, Lila. 2002. "Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving? Anthropological reflections on
cultural relativism and its others." American Anthropologist 104(3): 783-790.
Back, L. 1994. 'The 'White Negro' Revisited: Race and Masculinities in South London', in A.
Cornwall and N. Lindisfarne (eds.), Dislocating Masculinity: Comparative Ethnographies London:
Routledge.
Kanitkar, H. 1994. ''Real True Boys': Moulding the cadets of imperialism', in A. Cornwall and N.
Lindisfarne (eds.), Dislocating Masculinity: Comparative Ethnographies London: Routledge.
Smith, Valerie 1998. Not Just Race, Not Just Gender: Black Feminist Readings. London: Routledge.
Selections.
Stoler, Ann Laura 2002 Carnal Knowledge and Imperial Power: Race and the Intimate in Colonial
Rule. Berkeley, University of California Press
Suzuki, Nobue. 2007. ‘Marrying a Marilyn of the Tropics: Manhood and Nationhood in FilipinaJapanese Marriages’. Anthropological Quarterly. Spring, Vol. 80 Issue 2, pp.427-454
Week 10: Essay Preparation
18th June 2015
This week you have the time to begin working on your essays. You can use class time either in the
classroom, at the library or elsewhere.
Week 11: Sexualities and Sexual Rights
25th June 2015
This week we turn to lesbian, gay and transgender experiences. With strong heternormative ideals,
how do people construct alternative gendered and sexual identities in Japan?
Required Reading:
1. Sugiura Ikuko 2011. ‘Increasing Lesbian Visibility’ in Fujimura-Fanselow, Kumiko (ed).
Transforming Japan: How Feminism and Diversity Are Making A Difference. The Feminist
Press. (Chapter 12).
Discussion Question Due
Recommended reading:
McLelland, M. 2003. 'Gay Men, Masculinity and the Media in Japan', in K. Louie and M. Low
(eds.), Asian Masculinities: The Meaning and Practice of Manhood in China and Japan, London;
New York: Routledge.
10 McLelland, M. 2005. 'Salarymen Doing Queer: Gay Men and the Heterosexual Public Sphere in
Japan', in M. J. McLelland and R. Dasgupta (eds.), Genders, Transgenders and Sexualities in Japan
London: Routledge.
Week 12: Gender, Sex and the Body
2nd July 2015
This week we ask: What is the relationship between gender, sex and the body? Why do bodies
matter? Why have sex and gender been taken as one and the same for so long? We’ll link back to
the nature-culture debate this week but take it further and look at the body and science’s role in
gendering the body, and how these ideas play out in ideas of gender, looking specifically at issues
of body ideals.
Required Reading:
1. Aiba, Keiko 2011 “Japanese Women Professional Wrestlers and Body Image” in FujimuraFanselow, Kumiko (ed). Transforming Japan: How Feminism and Diversity Are Making A
Difference. The Feminist Press. (Chapter 19)
Discussion Question Due
Recommended reading:
Fausto-Sterling Anne. 1997. “How to build a man”, in Roger Lancaster and Micaela di Leonardo
(eds.) The Gender / Sexuality Reader: Culture, History, Political Economy. London, Routledge.
Chapter 16
Laqueur Thomas 1987 “Discovery of the sexes”, in Making Sex: body and gender from the Greeks
to Freud. Cambridge, Harvard University Press. Chapter 5
Martin, E 1997 "The end of the body?". In Lancaster, R & M di Leonardo (eds.) The Gender and
Sexuality Reader. Routledge
McDowell, Deborah E. 1997 "Pecs and reps: Muscling in on Race and the Subject of Masculinities",
in Stecopoulos, Harry and Uebel, Michael (eds) Race and the Subject of Masculinities Duke
University Press
Rhode, Deborah L. 1997 "The ideology and biology of gender difference", in Speaking of sex: The
denial of sex equality, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Chapter 2
Schiffellite, Carmen 1987 "Beyond Tarzan and Jane Genes: Toward a critique of biological
determinism", in Kaufman, Michael (ed) Beyond patriarchy: Essays by Men on Pleasure, Power
and Change, New York: Oxford University Press
Sheehan Elizabeth 1997 “Victorian clitoridectomy”, in (eds) Lancaster, R & M di Leonardo (eds.)
The Gender and Sexuality Reader. Routledge
Wacquant LJD 1995 "Pugs at work: bodily capital and bodily labour among professional boxers".
Body and Society 1, 1: 65-93.
11 Week 13: Performativity
9th July 2015
What does gender performativity mean? Here we examine Judith Butler’s ideas of the
performativity of gender, and explore the difference between ideas of ‘performance’ and
‘performativity’.
Required Reading:
1. Chinn, Sarah. E. ‘Gender Performativity’ in Medhurst, A & S. Munt (eds) Lesbian and Gay
Studies: A Critical Introduction
Discussion Question Due
Recommended reading:
Alexeyeff K 2000 ‘Dragging Drag: The Performance of Gender and Sexuality in the Cook Islands’.
Australian journal of Anthropology.
Butler, Judith 1993 Bodies that matter: on the discursive limits of sex. Routledge.
Busby, Celia 2000. The Performance of Gender. Athlone, London.
Butler, Judith. 1997 Excitable Speech: A Politics of the Performative. Routledge: NewYork,
London.
Good, Lizbeth 1998 (ed). The Routledge Reader in Gender and Performance, New York: Routledge.
Harris, Geraldine 1999 Staging Femininities: Performance and Performativity. Manchester:
Manchester University Press.
Kondo, Dorinne. 1990. "M. Butterfly: Orientalism, Gender, and a Critique of Essentialist Identity."
Cultural Critique 16:5-29.
Lott, Eric. 1997. "All the King's men: Elvis impersonators and white working-class masculinity", in
Stecopoulos, Harry and Uebel, Michael (eds.) Race and the Subject of Masculinities, Duke
University Press
Miller, Laura. 2003. "Male Beauty Work in Japan." In James Roberson and Nobue Suzuki (eds.)
Men and Masculinities in Contemporary Japan: Dislocating the Salaryman Doxa. London:
Routledge. Pages: 37-58.
Morris, R. 1995. ‘All Made Up: Performance Theory and the New Anthropology of Sex and
Gender’, in Annual Review of Anthropology, 24:567-592.
Parker Andrew and Eve Sedgwick 1995 Performativity and Performance, London,
Simpson Mark 1994 Male Impersonators: Men Performing Masculinity. London, Routledge.
Week 14: Essay Peer Review
16th July 2015
This week you have the opportunity to discuss your essay with one of your peers in order to get
feedback on your essay before handing it in. You are expected to have exchanged essays with the
12 person you are working with before class today to get feedback on the essay within class time. You
then have a week to finalise your essay before submitting it for grading.
Week 15: Performativity in Shinjuku?
23rd July 2015
Class Viewing and Discussion: Shinjuku Boys
(No Reading or Discussion Question Due)
Essay Due: To be emailed by 5 p.m. on 23rd July 2015.
13