AP 1 Cells Chapter 3 Spring 2015
Transcription
AP 1 Cells Chapter 3 Spring 2015
AP 1 Cells Chapter 3 Spring 2015 Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. A. B. C. D. The gelatinous supporting material of a cell is the plasma membrane. nucleus. cytoplasm. organelle. 2. A. B. C. D. Small structures that compartmentalize the cell for the various cellular activities are nuclei. organelles. matrices. proteins. 3. Semipermeable membrane means that half the amount of a substance can pass through the plasma membrane. True False 4. A. B. C. D. The plasma membrane consists primarily of phospholipids and proteins. sugars and starchs. phospholipids and sugars. sugars and proteins. 5. The chemical nature of phospholipids will cause them to form a single layer in a water environment. True False 6. A. B. C. D. The movement of protein molecules within the phospholipid bilayer is described by the fluid mosaic model. lipid mosaic model. protein - lipid mosaic model. cholesterol mosaic model. 7. A. B. C. D. The presence of cholesterol molecules in plasma membranes is to allow the buildup of fats. change the chemical nature of the membrane. create a mosaic pattern. stabilize the phospholipids at low temperatures. 8. A. B. C. D. The phospholipid molecules are arranged with the hydrophilic tails facing outward and the hydrophobic heads facing inward. the hydrophilic tails facing inward and the hydrophobic heads facing outward. the hydrophilic heads facing outward and the hydrophobic tails facing inward. the hydrophilic heads facing inward and the hydrophobic tails facing outward. 9. A. B. C. D. What is the role of glycolipids and glycoproteins in the plasma membrane? Transport of molecules through the membrane Rtabilize the phospholipid bilayer Cell identification All apply. 10. A. B. C. D. What is found within the cell's nucleus? Chromatin Nucleolus DNA All apply. 11. A. B. C. D. The function of the nucleolus is to make mitochondria. endoplasmic reticulum. chromosomes. ribosomes. 12. The nuclear envelop is continuous with the Golgi apparatus. True False 13. A. B. C. D. Which of the following organelles functions in protein synthesis? Ribosomes Golgi apparatus Smooth ER All apply. 14. A. B. C. D. The rough ER is covered with Golgi apparatus. ribosomes. lysosomes. nucleoli. 15. A. B. C. D. Liver cells help to detoxify drugs, therefore, they would have a large number of rough ER. Golgi apparatus. smooth ER. centrioles. 16. A. B. C. D. Which of the following functions in protein production? Ribosomes Golgi apparatus Rough ER Ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, and rough ER 17. A. B. C. D. Which organelle is involved in processing, packaging, and secretion of proteins and lipids? Ribosomes Golgi apparatus Endoplasmic reticulum Chromosomes 18. A. B. C. D. Lysosomes are formed by the Golgi apparatus. are concerned with intracellular digestion. contain digestive enzymes. All apply. 19. A. B. C. D. Digestive sacs found in cells that help to detoxify drugs and alcohol are peroxisomes. centrioles. ribosomes. rough ER. 20. A. B. C. D. Mitochondria produce protein. store food. produce ATP. digest food. 21. A. B. C. D. Aerobic cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. produces ATP. uses oxygen. All apply. 22. The inner membrane folds of mitochondria, where many of the reactions of aerobic cellular respiration occur, are called A. smooth ER. B. cristae. C. grana. D. thylakoid membranes. 23. Sperm use __________ for movement. A. cilia B. flagella C. microvilli D. microfilaments 24. A. B. C. D. __________ help keep the lungs clean. Cilia Flagella Basal bodies Microvilli 25. A. B. C. D. __________ are small hair-like extensions that produce movement across the surface of cells. Cilia Flagella Microvilli Basal bodies 26. Which elements of the cytoskeleton help maintain the shape of the cells, move organelles around, and aid in cell division? A. Intermediate fibers B. Cilia C. Microtubules D. Actin filaments 27. Facilitated diffusion requires cellular energy. True False 28. A. B. C. The plasma membrane is impermeable. permeable to everything. selectively permeable. 29. What differentiates passive transport from active transport? A. Passive transport moves substances into cells, while active transport moves substances out of cells. B. Passive transport requires carriers, while active transport does not. C. Passive transport does not use cellular energy, while active transport uses cellular energy. D. Passive transport only moves water, while active transport only moves proteins. 30. The random movement of simple substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called A. osmosis. B. filtration. C. diffusion. D. pumping. 31. A. B. C. D. Small lipid soluble molecules would move through the plasma membrane by diffusion. osmosis. filtration. pumping. 32. A. B. C. D. The movement of H2O across a plasma membrane is called osmosis. is called diffusion. requires energy. is called osmosis and requires energy. 33. A. B. C. When a cell is placed into a(n) __________ solution, water enters the cell. isotonic hypotonic hypertonic 34. A. B. C. When a cell is placed into a(n) __________ solution, the cell maintains its size. isotonic hypotonic hypertonic 35. A. B. C. D. Hemolysis means swelling of cells. shrinking of blood cells. diffusion of cells into blood. bursting of blood cells 36. A. B. C. D. Which process does not require a concentration gradient? Active transport Diffusion Facilitated diffusion Osmosis 37. A. B. C. D. Active transport moves materials against their concentration gradients. requires energy. occurs in cells with many mitochondria. All apply. 38. A. B. C. D. The formation of a pocket of the plasma membrane to bring in solid materials is called exocytosis. pinocytosis. phagocytosis. facilitated diffusion. 39. A. B. C. D. The major components of the cell membrane are lipids and carbohydrates. proteins and carbohydrates. lipids and proteins. carbohydrates and polysaccharides. 40. A. B. C. D. Vesicles are formed from lysosomal membrane. nuclear membrane. cell membrane. mitochondrial membrane. 41. For which of the following organelles is the structure and function correctly described? A. Endoplasmic reticulum-a network of interconnected membranes forming sacs and canals that packages protein molecules for secretion B. Ribosomes-membranous vesicles containing digestive enzymes C. Golgi apparatus-particles, composed of protein and RNA, which synthesize proteins D. Mitochondrion-nonmembranous structure that synthesizes proteins 42. A. B. C. D. The main function of cristae is to supply enzymes for reactions. increase chemical transport in mitochondria. facilitate diffusion of substances into the mitochondria. increase the surface area for chemical reactions. 43. A. B. C. D. Which of the following does not influence the rate of diffusion? Distance The concentration of the substance The amount of energy available for transport molecules The molecular weight of the diffusing molecules 44. Smooth ER has ribosomes and rough ER does not. True False 45. Proteins are manufactured on mitochondria. True False 46. Peroxisomes and lysosomes are sacs that contain enzymes. True False 47. Microfilaments and microtubules are part of the cytoskeleton. True False 48. Active transport uses energy stored in ATP molecules. True False 49. Loss of cell cycle control can cause cancer. True False 50. The process by which cells specialize is called differentiation. True False