6_Mladenovič A. Reciklirani agregati lastnosti in uporabnost

11.6.2013
Reciklirani agregati –
lastnosti in uporabnost
Ana Mladenovič, Zavod za gradbeništvo
Slovenije
Promotion of
of the
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
the Recycling
Recycling of
Vsebina predstavitve
Terminologija
Rušenje objektov: vpliv na kakovost agregata
Nevarne snovi
Vrste in preiskave recikliranega agregata
Reciklirani agregati v betonu
Zaključki
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
1
11.6.2013
Agregati
Eden od osnovnih materialov v gradbeništvu.
Delež agregata:
80 % v betonu
90 % v asfaltu
100 % v nevezanih plasteh.
Svetovna poraba:
95 % naravnih in 5 % alternativnih.
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Terminologija
Agregat je:
zrnat material, ki se uporablja pri gradnji.
Agregati so lahko:
• naravni
• umetni
• reciklirani
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
2
11.6.2013
Naravni agregat: Agregat mineralnega
izvora, ki je bil le mehansko predelan.
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Naravni agregat
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
3
11.6.2013
Umetni agregat: Agregat mineralnega izvora,
pripravljen v industrijskem procesu, pod
vplivom toplotnih ali drugačnih sprememb.
8/11 mm
Proizvodnja agregata
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Reciklirani agregat: Agregat, ki nastane s
predelavo neorganskega materiala, ki je bil
pred tem že vgrajen.
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
4
11.6.2013
Reciklirani agregat = agregat iz
gradbenih ruševin
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Vsebina predstavitve
Terminologija
Rušenje objektov: vpliv na kakovost agregata
Nevarne snovi
Vrste in preiskave recikliranega agregata
Reciklirani agregati v betonu
Zaključki
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
5
11.6.2013
Kakršne ruševine - takšen agregat?
NE DRŽI!
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Kakršno rušenje - takšen agregat!
Več pristopov
Nič
komplicirati
Selektivno
rušenje
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
6
11.6.2013
Nič komplicirati
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Nič komplicirati
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
7
11.6.2013
Pristop: nekaj vmes
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Selektivno rušenje
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
8
11.6.2013
Zakaj je selektivno rušenje nujno?
• zaradi zdravja ljudi in okolja
• zaradi boljše kakovosti materialov
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Vsebina predstavitve
Terminologija
Rušenje objektov: vpliv na kakovost agregata
Nevarne snovi
Vrste in preiskave recikliranega agregata
Reciklirani agregati v betonu
Zaključki
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
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11.6.2013
V stavbi so lahko nevarni materiali!
• Azbest (tudi druga vlakna)
• Policiklični aromatski ogljikovodiki
(PAH), npr. katran
• Poliklorirani bifenili (PCB)
• Mineralna olja, Pb barve
• Onesnaženje zaradi preteklih aktivnosti.
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Azbest – od magičnega do nevarnega
materiala
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
10
11.6.2013
Zakaj je azbest nevaren?
Ko vlakno zaide v pljuča, do konca življenja draži
mesto, kjer je zapičeno. Telesna tekočina ga ne raztopi.
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Lucy Deane piše leta 1898:
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
11
11.6.2013
Lucy Deane piše leta 1898:
• Škodljivi učinek azbesta je bil
raziskan s pomočjo mikroskopa. To je
naredil medicinski inšpektor.
• Vidi se nazobčana, steklu podobna
oblika vlaken, če so v zraku v
kakršnikoli količini, je učinek škodljiv.
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Azbest - prepoved 107 let po prvem
opozorilu!
• Direktiva 1999/77/ES prepoveduje
vsako uporabo azbesta od 1. januarja
2005.
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
12
11.6.2013
Slovenija
• Uredba (Ur. l. RS, št. 49/2001) ukinja proizvodnjo,
promet in uporabo azbesta in azbestnih izdelkov
z začetkom leta 2003.
• Uporaba izdelkov, ki so bili na dan uveljavitve
Uredbe (28.06.2001) že v uporabi, ni
prepovedana!
• Rok za odstranitev azbesta ni določen!
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Namen predstavljenih dejstev ni vzbujanje panike!
Potrebno se je zavedati, da je:
- azbest zdravju škodljv,
- še vedno prisoten v številnih zgradbah,
- izpostavljenosti azbestnemu prahu se je možno
izogniti le z doslednim upoštevanjem varnostnih
ukrepov.
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
13
11.6.2013
Praksa v Sloveniji
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Asfaltni rezkanec s katranom
(presežena vrednost PAH)
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
14
11.6.2013
Onesnaženje zaradi preteklih aktivnosti
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Vsebina predstavitve
Terminologija
Rušenje objektov: vpliv na kakovost agregata
Nevarne snovi
Vrste in preiskave recikliranega agregata
Reciklirani agregati v betonu
Zaključki
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
15
11.6.2013
Zakaj je selektivno rušenje nujno?
1. zaradi zdravja ljudi in okolja
2. zaradi boljše kakovosti materialov
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Predelava v agregat
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
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11.6.2013
Reciklirani agregat
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Reciklirani agregat
Če je ob rušenju stavbe material pravilno
selekcioniran in pravilno predelan v
agregat, je ta enakovreden naravnemu
agregatu.
Isti standardi in potrjevanje skladnosti
kot za naravni agregat.
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
17
11.6.2013
Zakonodaja
Direktiva o gradbenih proizvodih (CD
89/106/EEC):
gradbeni proizvod je vsak proizvod, ki je
na trajen način vgrajen v objekt.
8 harmoniziranih standardov za agregate
• SIST EN 12620, Agregati za beton
• SIST EN 13043, Agregati za bitumenske zmesi in površinske
prevleke za ceste, letališča in druge prometne površine
• SIST EN 13242, Agregati za nevezane in hidravlično vezane
materiale za uporabo v inženirskih objektih in za gradnjo cest
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
• Standardi ne podajajo zahtev za
kakovost agregata!
• Predpisujejo preiskave, ki omogočajo,
da se pridobi informacija o tem,
kakšen je določen proizvod.
• Določajo, kako se rezultati podajajo.
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
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11.6.2013
Potrjevanje skladnosti agregata
Dva sistema potrjevanja skladnosti:
Sistem 2+, kadar so zahteve za varnost visoke
(Certifikat proizvodnje, Izjava o skladnosti,
Oznaka CE)
Sistem 4, kadar so zahteve za varnost nizke
(Izjava o skladnosti, Oznaka CE)
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Oznaka CE
Oznaka CE je le informacija o tem, kakšne so
lastnosti proizvoda.
Ni dokaz, da agregat ustreza za določen
namen!
Kriterije podajajo npr. projekt ali tehnične
specifikacije.
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
19
11.6.2013
Zahteve za agregat
• odporen na atmosferske vplive in
antropogeno onesnaževanje,
• odporen proti mehanskim obremenitvam,
• ustrezna zrnavost, ki mu zagotavlja dobre
nosilne in filtrne lastnosti.
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Trenutna kakovost recikliranega
agregata
• Reciklirani agregati so heterogeni po sestavi,
kakovost zelo variira.
• Visokokakovostni, po meri narejeni kompoziti
so redki.
• Tehnike, ki bi lahko izboljšale kakovost (npr.
pranje, magneti, zračni curek,) se praktično
ne uporabljajo.
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
20
11.6.2013
Možna uporaba
• Enostavni, dinamično neobremenjeni
nasipi/zasipi, kjer so nizke zahteve za varnost
• Nevezane in hidravlično vezane plasti v
cestogradnji
• Betoni
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Recikliran betonski agregat vs. naravni agregat
v cestni konstrukciji
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
21
11.6.2013
Recikliran betonski agregat vs. naravni agregat
v cestni konstrukciji
Manjša občutljivost za vlago.
Manjše deformacije plasti.
Višji modul elastičnosti.
Boljše dolgoročno obnašanje v danih pogojih
okolja.
• Okoljska inertnost.
•
•
•
•
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Dva razloga
1.
Zrnavostna sestava omogoča
uravnoteženo polnjenje praznin.
Struktura nevezane plasti je zato
kompaktna in odporna na obremenitve.
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
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11.6.2013
2.
Zaradi ostankov nehidratiziranega
portlandskega klinkerja je v
kompozitu vezivni potencial, ki se
počasi sprošča.
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Možna uporaba
• Enostavni, dinamično neobremenjeni
nasipi/zasipi, kjer so nizke zahteve za varnost
• Nevezane in hidravlično vezane plasti v
cestogradnji
• Betoni
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
23
11.6.2013
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Odpadki v betonih
Ta simbioza je idealna z vidika masnih izravnav.
Razlog 1: stopnja recikliranja in ponovne
uporabe industrijskih in gradbenih odpadkov
je nizka, torej so materiali na razpolago.
Razlog 2: Beton je najpomembnejši gradbeni
material.
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
24
11.6.2013
Betoni so najpomembnejši
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Nekaj dejstev
• Svetovna poraba betona količinsko takoj za vodo.
• 1 m3 na prebivalca letno.
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
25
11.6.2013
Več kot 70 % prebivalstva živi v betonskih
zgradbah
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Ni materiala, ki bi ga lahko v bližnji
prihodnosti nadomestil
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
26
11.6.2013
Panteon, Rim
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Beton
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
27
11.6.2013
Problem je cement
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Cement v globalni statistiki
• 3.6 milijard ton na leto
• 1 tona cementa generira 1 tono CO2
• 7 % svetovnih emisij
?
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
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11.6.2013
Eno mlado drevo lahko porabi na leto
samo 2 kg CO2
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Beton mora postati zelen!
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
29
11.6.2013
Kaj so zeleni betoni?
Vir: Stefano Boeri Architectta
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Kaj so zeleni betoni?
Alternativni agregati na osnovi
odpadkov.
Modifikacija veziva: veziva na
osnovi odpadkov (pepeli, žlindre,
mulji).
Kombinacija obeh.
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
30
11.6.2013
Zeleni betoni
Zahteva: enaka funkcionalnost
in trajnost kot konvencionalni
(ali boljša).
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Reciklirani betonski agregat
• Povečano vpijanje
• Manjša prostorninska masa (2000 – 2500
kg/m3)
• Manjša odpornost na abrazijo
• Nečistoče
• Dvojni stik (nižja zgodnja trdnost)
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
31
11.6.2013
Betonski kompozit
•
•
•
•
•
•
Variacije v konsistenci (potrebno več vode)
Nižja trdnost (dvojni stik)
Nižji modul elastičnosti
Večje krčenje
Večja permeabilnost
Manjša odpornost na zmrzovanje
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Mofidifikacije sestave in
tehnologije mešanja
Možno je proizvesti beton sprejemljive
kakovosti.
• dve fazi mešanja
• uporaba superplastifikatorjev
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
32
11.6.2013
Mikro CT - kakovost in stanje stika
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Hidratacija veziva v betonu
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
33
11.6.2013
Zeleni beton (agregat + komunalni
mulj + pepel)
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Zeleni beton (agregat + komunalni
mulj + pepel)
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
34
11.6.2013
Kako je zeleni beton dan na trg?
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Dodatne zahteve
Betoni niso primerni za
vgrajevanje v vodna telesa
oziroma v konstrukcije pod
gladino podzemne vode, v
konstrukcije, ki bodo
izpostavljene vodni abraziji ali na
vodovarstvenem območju.
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
35
11.6.2013
Kriterij je inertnost izlužka
mg/kg ss
Arzen
Barij
Kadmij
Celotni krom
Baker
Živo srebro
Molibden
Nikelj
Svinec
Antimon
Selen
Cink
Kloridi
Fluoridi
Sulfati
0,5
20
0,04
0,5
2
0,01
0,5
0,4
0,5
0,06
0,1
4
800
10
1000
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
36
11.6.2013
SETRA
Slovenija
Vse vrednosti je
potrebno
Vse vredosti
izpolniti z 80 % so izpolnjene s
vzorcev
100 % vzorcev
mg/kg
0,5
0,5
Arzen
s.s.
As
mg/kg
20
20
Barij
s.s.
Ba
mg/kg
0,04
0,04
Kadmij
s.s.
Cd
mg/kg
0,5
0,5
Celotni krom
s.s.
Cr
mg/kg
2
2
Baker
s.s.
Cu
mg/kg
0,01
0,01
Živo srebro
s.s.
Hg
mg/kg
0,5
0,5
Molibden
s.s. Mo
mg/kg
0,4
0,4
Nikelj
s.s.
Ni
mg/kg
0,5
0,5
Svinec
s.s.
Pb
mg/kg
0,06
0,06
Antimon
s.s.
Sb
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
mg/kg
Selen
0,1
0,1
1,5
60
0,12
1,5
6
0,03
1,5
1,2
1,5
0,18
0,3
Vsebina predstavitve
Terminologija
Rušenje objektov: vpliv na kakovost agregata
Nevarne snovi
Vrste in preiskave recikliranega agregata
Reciklirani agregati v betonu
Zaključki
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
37
11.6.2013
Koncept trajnostnega razvoja v
gradbeništvu
Sedanja generacija naj živi tako, da bodo
tistim, ki prihajajo za nami, omogočene
podobne življenjske razmere in da jim bomo
zapustili minimalno degradirano okolje.
Odpadki so surovina!
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Izvor/ime materiala ni pomembno!
Kar šteje, so lastnosti in rezultati!
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
38
11.6.2013
Odpadek je vir za gradbene proizvode
in konstrukcije
Velik sinergističen efekt je možno doseči zlasti na
področju gradbeništva - vezanih kompozitov!
•Možno je porabiti velike količine odpadkov.
• Novi kompoziti so lahko boljši/ cenejši od
tradicionalnih.
• Toksične snovi v odpadkih se dolgoročno fiksirajo.
• Nižje CO2 emisije.
• Prihranek energije.
• Ohranjanje naravnih virov.
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Gradbeni odpadki
EU Direktiva o odpadkih 2008/98/EC zahteva
bolj učinkovito recikliranje.
Eksplicitno za gradbene odpadke: 70 % do 2020.
Stopnja recikliranja v Sloveniji: 20 % ?
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
39
11.6.2013
Situacija v Sloveniji
Stopnja recikliranja je nizka.
• Naravne surovine: v obilju, cenene.
• Deponije (nelegalno odlaganje).
• Pomanjkanje znanja in volje uporabljati odpadke.
• Komplicirane administrativne procedure.
• Ljudje še niso pripoznali: odpadek je surovina.
• Ljudje ne sprejemajo strokovnih dejstev / raje imajo
polresnice in domneve.
• Mediji poročajo katastrofično, senzacionalistično,
manipulistično.
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Tehnični razlogi
Manjka holističen pristop v celotni verigi, od
rušenja do končne uporabe!
•Predrušitvena ocena je slaba (detekcija nevarnih,
kontaminiranih materialov, tudi predmetov, ki
imajo “re-use” vrednost ).
•Rušenje je takšno, da ne daje kakovostnih
materialov .
•Aplikacijo odpadkov v gradbenih kompozitih je
potrebno validirati → začetni stroški so višji →
stališče “to se ne izplača“.
Promotion
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
40
11.6.2013
Kako intenzivirati uporabo?
1. Izobraževanje odločevalcev in projektantov.
2. Pospeševanje v okviru zelenih javnih naročil.
3. Sankcioniranje ilegalnega odlaganja in plenjenja
naravnih virov.
4. Dvig motivacije in zavedanja laične javnosti:
- uporaba odpadkov je priložnost in potreba,
- odpadki so odlična surovina,
- ob korektni uporabi ne obremenjujejo okolja,
- zmanjša se potreba po energiji in naravnih
surovinah.
Promotion of
of the
the Recycling
Recycling of
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion
Ali znamo najti ravnotežje?
Kakovost
Življenjska doba
Funkcionalnost
Reciklabilnost
Cena
Izpusti CO2
Poraba energije
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
41
11.6.2013
Kdaj? Kako?
NIMBY
(not in my backyard)
YIMBY
(yes, in my backyard)
Promotion of the Recycling of Industrial Waste and Building Rubble for the Construction Industry.
Hvala za pozornost!
ana.mladenovic@zag.si
Promotion
of the
of Industrial
Industrial Waste
Waste and
and Building
Building Rubble
Rubble for
for the
the Construction
Construction Industry.
Industry.
Promotion of
the Recycling
Recycling of
42