Successful Applications of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)

Successful Applications of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) in this
Millennium and Innovative Financing Methods with
Possible Applications in Puerto Rico
Benjamín Colucci Ríos, PhD, PE, PTOE, FITE, API, JD
benjamin.colucci1@upr.edu
College of Engineers & Surveyors of Puerto Rico, Hato Rey
March 10, 2016
Good Afternoon!
Marzo 8, 2016
COINAR 2016
BC2
Integrated Transport Authority (ATI)
•Law 123 of August 3, 2014
•The operations, assets, rights,
obligations, properties and funds
are transferred to the new ATI
Website: http://www.ati.pr.gov/
• Tren Urbano
• Metropolitan Bus Authority (MBA)
• Maritime Transport Authority of
Puerto Rico and the Island
Municipalities (ATM)
Marzo 8, 2016
COINAR 2016
BC3
Puerto Rico Public-Private Alliance Law
Law 29 of 9 June 2009 created the Public-Private Partnership
Authority (PPPA)
Through Article 3, the Government of Puerto Rico adopted a
public policy to favor and promote public-private partnerships
Responsibility to evaluate and select projects and contract details
Potential PPPs projects:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
landfills
facilities for the production, treatment & distribution of water
power plants
transportation systems of any kind
educational, health, security and correctional facilities
social housing
sports, recreational, cultural and tourist facilities
communications infrastructure
information technology infrastructure
Falibriokatie.blogspot.com
4
Puerto Rico Public-Private
Partnerships Authority (P3A)
P3A SEEKS TO:
Provide greater support to the economic development of the Island by
promoting job creation and growth of local businesses.
Improve the infrastructure of the Island to:
 Increase the reliability of services
 Reduce congestion
 Provide routine maintenance and generally enhance the value of assets.
Improve safety and environmental performance.
Make infrastructure projects viable when the funds needed for
development are not available in the treasury.
Puerto Rico Public-Private Partnerships
Authority (P3A) Featured Projects
Maritime
Transportation
Services
Caguas-San
Juan
Commuter
Rail Project
Airports:
Schools
- Luis
Muñoz
Marín Int’l.
Airport
Toll Roads
- PR-22 &
PR-5
Puerto Rico Public-Private Authority
Accomplishments
Under the new legal framework:
◦ Tolled highway concession agreement
◦ Airport concession agreement
Source: abertis
Concessions granted:
◦ PR-22 and PR-5 tolled highways with Metropitas
◦ Luis Muñoz Marín Int’l Airport with Aerostar
www.simflight.com
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Public-Private Partnership Authority Projects:
Dynamic Toll Lanes with Bus Rapid Transit
Act No. 29 of June 8, 2009
Consortium partners:
◦ Puerto Rico Highway and Transportation Authority (PRHTA)
◦ Autopistas Metropolitanas of Puerto Rico, LLC (Metropistas)
Source: geolocation.ws
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Desirability & Convenience Study
Commissioned by the PPPA to Macquarie Capital, Inc.
In June 2010, an evaluation of toll roads administrated by the PRHTA
was completed
Documented the construction of a Bus Rapid Transit service (BRT) along
the PR corridor, which would operate along the proposed Dynamic Toll
Lane (DTL).
Major tasks of study included:
 Identify key objectives of the PRHTA and the service needs of each
tolled highway
 Analyze potential options to meet the aforementioned service needs
and select a preferred alternative
Timdecker.com
 Compares preferred alternative to other alternatives and determines which alternative is in the best
interest of the public based on public agency objectives
 Analyzes the feasibility of PPP based on available funding
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First DTL in Puerto Rico
•$100 million investment as part of Puerto Rico’s Plan de Estímulo Criollo
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Concession to Metropistas
Provide more efficient operations while expanding
capacity for capital improvements.
Planned to emphasize synergy of this concession
with a planned extensions to PR-22 and PR-5 through
a “Greenfield” public-private partnership
PPP would address the service needs by the 2030
Puerto Rico Long Range Transportation Plan
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Concession Specifics
Agreement awarded to Metropistas on June 27,
2011 for a period of 40 years.
The company is a consortium between Abertis
and Goldman Sachs Infrastructure Partners II
 Abertis - majority stakeholder in Metropistas (6% of
Goldman Sach’s share)
Metropistas paid PRHTA
 $1,080 million for the lease
 an additional $356 million secured
Source: psdgraphics.com
$1.436 billion total administrative concession
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PPP First Four Years
 Bridge rehabilitation
 Enhanced and secured lighting systems
 State-of-the-art safety features such as crash cushions
 Addressed through Electronic Toll Collection (ETC)
leakage issues
 Existing pavement structure upgrades & preservation
 Maintenance and renewal of
 Traffic control devices and signage
 Concrete barriers and steel guardrails
 Drainage systems
 Roadside assistance program
 Landscape design and maintenance
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Concession Benefits
PRHTA used almost all of the upfront
payment to eliminate public debt
Metropistas has the obligation to invest $56
million in safety improvements in first 3
years
The toll fares are capped by 1.5% additional
to the Consumer Price Index (CPI).
The annual revenue prior to the PPP
agreement (2008-2009):
 PR-22 =$85,081,300
 PR-5 = $4,172,600
Source: carribeanbusinesspr.com
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Metro Urbano
Designed such as to accommodate future
expansions, the BRT service consists of two
stops, one in Campanillas, Toa Baja; the other
in the Tren Urbano station in Bayamón
Express lanes provide drivers with the
opportunity and expectation to travel at free
flow speeds
Congestion pricing ensures the DTL does not
saturate with motor vehicle traffic to the point
of degrading its Level of Service
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Dynamic Toll Lane (DTL)
•DTLs are a congestion pricing technology
Fuente: News Is My Business, www.newsismybussines.com
•Diverts peak hour trips to other transportation modes or to non-peak hour periods
•This method aids in solving problems related to motor vehicle congestion
• Trip delays
• Pollution from cars
• Productivity loss
Marzo 8, 2016
COINAR 2016
BC16
PR-22 DTL & BRT Alignment
Consists of two stops:
1. Campanillas Ward in Toa Baja
2. Bayamón Station of the Tren Urbano
Length: 6.44 miles (10.4 km)
PR-22
PR-5
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Operation of DTL
DTL implementation in Puerto Rico was done in
an innovative fashion, not being implemented
elsewhere before
Criteria for implementation:
◦ Coexistence of mass transit (BRT) with private
transport
◦ Computer algorithms to prioritize traffic flow
and minimize BRT delays
◦ Limited Access points in facility
Maximizes usability as additional right of way
for both drivers and BRT system during peak
hours
For emergency management the DTL has four
(4) metal barriers to provide access
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DTL Traffic Schemes
Three traffic directional schemes:
 Inbound: AM peak eastbound towards
San Juan
 Outbound: PM peak westbound
towards Toa Baja and Arecibo
 Holidays and weekends
The workday AM peak period is from
5:00 AM to 11:00 AM
The workday PM peak period is from
1:30 PM to 9:00 PM.
During holidays and weekends the DTL
typically operates 10 hours a day.
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Sketch of PR-22 Corridor with DTL and BRT
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Dynamic Toll Lanes Characteristics
DTL Traveled Way:
 2 lanes at 12-feet (3.6-meter) wide
 10-feet (3.0-meter) shoulder
 Posted Speed Limit: 40 mph
Mainline Travelled Way:
 6 lanes at 12-feet (3.6-meter) wide
 10-feet (3-meter) wide shoulders
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Dynamic Toll Lanes Characteristics (Cont.)
Mainline Travelled Way
 Posted Speed Limit: 55 mph
 Concrete barriers divisions
Private vehicles:
 4 entrance and exit gates (2 on each end)
 36 sequential arrows
BRT:
 2 entrance and exit gates
 detection antennas that open and close
 zipper barriers serve the BRT segment
between PR-167 and PR-5
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VPD of DTL Operation
Dynamic Toll Lanes Operating Scheme
The highest daily volumes
 AM - 4,850 vpd
 PM - 3,500 vpd (1,350 less)
5,000
4,000
3,000
DTL workday trips:
 58% morning
 42% afternoon
2,000
1,000
0
DTL
AM
PM
Holidays
Operating Scheme
Peak hour traffic:
 6:40 AM to 7:40 AM, and
 5:00 PM to 6:00 PM
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Metro Urbano, Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Service
A form of public transportation that
provides enhanced bus services with
either mixed or dedicated Right-of-Way
Source: dtop.gov.pr
Its primary benefits include:
 high-capacity bus service
 reduction in traffic congestion and its
corresponding carbon monoxide pollution
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Metro Urbano, Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)
Service (Cont.)
BRT benefits:
 “combines the flexibility and low cost of bus
service with the comfort, efficiency, costeffectiveness and versatility of light rail
transit.” Leal and Bertini (2003) and Hoque
et al. (2013)
Source: dtop.gov.pr
A significant step forward to making the PR-22
corridor a truly multimodal corridor by
integrating mass transit as a congestion
management strategy
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BRT Operations & Metro Urbano
Characteristics
Two stations built
Operates in a park-and-ride manner from Campanillas
Station
Parking capacity of 500 motor vehicles.
Metro Urbano offers an alternative to drivers whom:
◦ Do not want to bear the delays and stress of traffic
congestion during peak hours
◦ Cannot afford the DTL pricing on a specific occasion
◦ Wish to connect with the Tren Urbano mass transit system
◦ Transports cyclists and pedestrians who wish to take their bicycle to the San Juan Metro Area
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Conclusions
PPP are becoming increasingly important for the operational success of key
transportation infrastructure in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
 Throughout the process, both transportation agencies and commuters
benefited from the Public Private Partnerships
The concession of PR-22 & PR-5 to Metropistas has enabled this corridor on the
North coast of Puerto Rico to:
 continue growing capacity
 improve operations
 receive proper maintenance
 All while the public sector is in a financially constrained situation
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Conclusions (Cont.)
The unique DTL arrangement implemented in Puerto Rico has allowed the PR22 & PR-5 corridors to continue expanding capacity through managed lanes and
public transportation
The assurance that such a facility would be maintained from the time of the
signing of the contractual agreement, allowed the project to move forward
without cost complications or delays.
The DTL has in its own regard become an additional source of funding for
Metropistas and PRHTA.
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Conclusions (Cont.)
Other PPP’s with similar ROW constraints and
public transportation needs may consider
Puerto Rico’s DTL / BRT hybrid
 as a tool to improve capacity in congested corridors
 provide better access to public transportation
 increase revenues and options of services provided
The Dynamic Toll Lane (DTL) has been well
received by commuters
PRHTA exploring additional corridors to
expand this technology further
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BRT San Juan / Carolina
Estimated Cost:
$400 million
Jobs – 3,815
Phase – Planning
Caguas-San Juan Commuter Train Project
Estimated Cost – $365 M
Jobs – 3,815
Phase – Design
Estimated daily users – 5,000
– 50,000
Land Acquisition – $10 M
estimated
Open Road Tolling (ORT) as a funding source
Radio Frequency (RF) based system for electronic
toll fare collection system
◦ More compact does not need cumbersome toll
plaza
◦ More efficient vehicles do not stop nor slow down
◦ Safer cash transactions reduced to a minimum or
eliminated, smaller theft risk
◦ More economical  reduced operational cost for
system makes it into a great funding source
Puerto Rico is transitioning from electronic tolling
systems installed in old toll plazas into ORT to
overhead gantries allowing full speed operation
Source: http://tollroadsnews.com/news/the-benefits-of-open-road-tolling
Marzo 8, 2016
COINAR 2016
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ORT system at PR-52, Juana Díaz
New system is located
at main line portion of
Juana Díaz Toll Plaza,
km 91
Electronic payment
recharge lane operates
exclusively with
electronic payments
Overhead gantry
allows vehicle
operation to continue
at full speed of 65 mph
Marzo 8, 2016
COINAR 2016
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Upcoming ORT systems
PR-22 and PR-5:
◦ 10 overhead gantries under
construction
◦ Operations starting during 2016
◦ Estimated cost: $18 million
◦ Demolition of old plazas pending
Source: http://kp4boricua.org/pr/nuevos-peajes/
Status of Future DTL
Project
Conjection Managed Lane in PR 18 with DTL
Operator
Phase A
Design firm: metric engineering,
Eng. Felipe Luyanda Albino
Award Date: July 2015
•Location: PR – 18 from Plaza Las Americas to PR – 52 Caguas Norte
(corridor length= 18 kms)
Conjection Managed Lane in PR 18 with DTL
Operator
Phase A (Cont)
•A ramp connect to PR- 30 and reversible lanes end in Juncos (length= 6
kms)
• Quick Movable Barriers (QMB) that are located at PR – 52 will be
transferred to PR - 30
•Estimated Cost: $142 million (PRHTA Planning Office)
Variable fair (DTL): $0.50 - $3.50
◦ AM from Juncos – Caguas - San Juan
◦ PM from San Juan – Caguas - Juncos
Conjection Managed Lane in PR 18 with DTL
Operator
Phase A (Cont)
Number of lanes (PR – 52): 2
Design Traffic: Motor vehicles (is not a BRT, but is will accept
alternate public transportation such as taxis and buses once will be
constructed
Design Speed: 65 mph
Posted speed limit (main lanes): 55 mph
Conjection Managed Lane in PR 18 with DTL
Operator
Phase A (Cont)
Ramp: 45 mph
Three (3) entrance and exit ramps (PR – 1, PR – 30, PR – 52)
Shoulder width: 1.20m (inside), 2.40m (ourside)
Jurisdiction: Caguas Expressway Police
Extension of Tren Urbano to Caguas
Design alternative #1: Connect to Centro Medico Station towards Catalinas Mall in
Caguas
Design alternative #2: Connect to Cupey Station towards Catalinas Mall in Caguas
Status of environmental process (Dec 2015): NETA
Federal loan was obtain from Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)
Diesel power trains
Financed as a PPP through Administración de Financiamiento de Infraestrutura (AFI)
Initial start – up funds: Iniciativa Tecnológica Centro Oriental (INTECO)