presentation - Photonic Integration Symposium

Photonic ICs for medical applications
From bench to bedside and from cleanroom to clinic?
Ton van Leeuwen
N. Weiss, D. Nguyen, J. Kalkman
AgentschapNL:
IOP Photonic Devices
Smartmix MEMPHIS
0/46 AMC, BME & Physics: T.G.vanLeeuwen@amc.uva.nl
Biomedical Optics/ Photonics
• Physics of
introduction
bench to
bedside
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
– Interaction of light with tissue
– Development of instrumentation
• Application of light
– Therapeutic
– Diagnostic
• Monitoring / function
• Imaging / morphology
Optical imaging and sensing of functioning
biological systems (cells/organs)
Relation between optical properties (µa,
and status of the tissue
µs, g)
1
Interaction: light-tissue
introduction
bench to
bedside
Differences in optical properties for
different tissue constituents
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
reflection
refraction
Fluorescence
absorption
2/46
scattering
Absorption spectra of tissue components
introduction
bench to
bedside
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
Absorption coefficient [1/cm]
100000
10000
1000
100
10
1
Hb02
0.1
Hb
0.01
Water
protein
0.001
skin
0.0001
0
500
1000
1500
2000
Wavelength [nm]
See http://www.hetklokhuis.nl/tv-uitzending/2940/Het Kantoor 134
2
Optical properties of tissue components
introduction
bench to
bedside
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
Quantitative determination
• Absorption and scattering coefficients
(
R r, µa
• Lambert-Beer
• (multiple) scattering:
l?
∞
•
Velocity
(mm/sec)
) ~ e−µ l
a
R(r , µ a ) = ∫ Pµ a =0 (r , µ s , g )e − µ al dl
0
path length distribution P(µa=0)?
Time domain Low Coherence Interferometry (OCT)
Moving
reference mirror
introduction
bench to
bedside
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
•
•
Optical Coherence tomography (OCT)
is the optical analogue of ultrasound imaging
OCT enables µm-scale morphological and functional
imaging
3
Optical Coherence Tomography
introduction
Optical Coherence Tomography is the “Harlem Oil” of
Biomedical Optics
bench to
bedside
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
Optical Coherence Tomography
Cloud 2
introduction
27-09-15 22:24
One drop of OCT solves
all the problems…
bench to
bedside
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
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Time domain versus frequency domain OCT
Moving
reference mirror
introduction
bench to
bedside
cleanroom
to clinic
Stationary
reference mirror
outlook
Grating
lens
Line scan camera
FFT
JF de Boer, et al. OL 2003
R Leitgeb et al, Optics Express 2003, Choma, et al., Optics.Express 2003
From bench to bedside
Faster and smaller systems: video rate imaging
2010
2003
2001
5
3D OCT image ( 4 seconds)
introduction
bench to
bedside
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
Edema of the skin
introduction
bench to
bedside
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
JCO Carvalho et al. Biomedical Optics Express 2015: 4790 -
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OCT in Urology: Tumors in Ureter
introduction
bench to
bedside
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
Still bulk optical components
introduction
bench to
bedside
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
• “Medical technology increases the
costs of health care”
• Sustainable medical technology
(see IMDI.nl):
– Cost reduction
– Quantitative
– Smaller footprint
– Physiological and functional
parameters
– Combination of techniques
• Photonic integrated circuits!
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From cleanroom to clinic?
Bulk optics
Integrated optics
Arrayed
waveguide
grating
Gratings
Interferometer
Interferometer
Swept
source
On a chip
Arrayed waveguide grating
Fiber based FD-OCT
using AWG
OCT image of the threelayered scattering phantom
measured with the AWG as
spectrometer in SD-OCT.
“Spectral domain optical coherence tomography imaging with an integrated
optics spectrometer” V.D. Nguyen, B.I. Akca et al., Optics Letters 36, 1293
(2011)
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From cleanroom to clinic?
Bulk optics
Integrated optics
Arrayed
waveguide
grating
Gratings
Interferometer
Interferometer
Swept
source
On a chip
Integrated optics swept source OCT setup
Sample
arm
Reference
arm
Exact layout of a designed chip
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From cleanroom to clinic?
Bulk optics
Integrated optics
Gratings
Interferometer
Swept
source
Arrayed
waveguide
grating
Interferometer
On a chip
Final steps: integrated optics swept source and
handheld probes for OCT
introduction
bench to
bedside
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
Bouke Tilma et al, TU Eindhoven,
COBRA institute
Handheld OCT with
swept source
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Conclusions
Summary:
- Designed and fabricated integrated-optics based
swept source OCT using TriPlex
introduction
bench to
bedside
- OCT signals, resolutions, SNR measured
cleanroom
to clinic
- 0.6 × 1.5 cm2 : significant size and possible cost
reduction
outlook
- Demonstrated OCT imaging on phantoms
Outlook
- Demonstrate OCT imaging in vivo
- Low-cost swept-source development
- Combination with other techniques
From cleanroom to clinic
Medical imaging
introduction
bench to
bedside
•
•
•
•
optical biopsies
Flow, perfusion mapping
Surgery guidance
…..
M. Mogenson et al., J. Biophot. 2, 442 (2009)
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
Forensics/biometrics
•
fingerprint identification
Optical profiling
•
process quality control
and many, many more...
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Optical Coherence Tomography
One drop of OCT solves
all the problems…
introduction
bench to
bedside
THANK YOU
cleanroom
to clinic
outlook
IOP Photonic Devices
Smartmix MEMPHIS
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