DESERTMED A project about the deserted islands of the
Transcription
DESERTMED A project about the deserted islands of the
DESERTMED A project about the deserted islands of the Mediterranean The islands, and all the more so the deserted island, is an extremely poor or weak notion from the point of view of geography. This is to it’s credit. The range of islands has no objective unity, and deserted islands have even less. The deserted island may indeed have extremely poor soil. Deserted, the island may be a desert, but not necessarily. The real desert is uninhabited only insofar as it presents no conditions that by rights would make life possible, weather vegetable, animal, or human. On the contrary, the lack of inhabitants on the deserted island is a pure fact due to the circumstance, in other words, the island’s surroundings. The island is what the sea surrounds. What is deserted is the ocean around it. It is by virtue of circumstance, for other reasons that the principle on which the island depends, that the ships pass in the distance and never come ashore.“ (from: Gilles Deleuze, Desert Island and Other Texts, Semiotext(e),Los Angeles, 2004) DESERTMED A project about the deserted islands of the Mediterranean Desertmed is an ongoing interdisciplinary research project. The “blind spots” on the European map serve as its subject matter: approximately 300 uninhabited islands in the Mediterranean Sea. A group of artists, architects, writers and theoreticians traveled to forty of these often hard to reach islands in search of clues, impartially cataloguing information that can be interpreted in multiple ways. A pool of photographs, drawings, and audio and video recordings was the result. It is an inquiry into or an attempt to create something akin to maps through sound recordings and images. Such maps examine the myriad ways in which the individual islands are used and, accordingly, their significant political, economic and historical interrelationships. The notion of the deserted island as a place of retreat still functions today as the quintessential vacation dream and myth for those seeking refuge from society—a place of yearning, of the production of desire, which has little to do with reality. Desertmed attempts to confront this mythos with an unsentimental cataloguing and factual description of the mostly unknown islands of the Mediterranean. As it turns out, the reality of the islands is much more a reflection of the forms and concepts of state- and non-state-based land use, according to which the islands can be divided into various groups or typologies —although the distinctions are fluid. Italian deserted islands charted on Google Maps International Bathymetric Chart of the Mediterranean (IBCM) 1987 Historical map, Arab-Byzantine trade relations in the Mediterranean, 12th century, Bodleian Library, Oxford DESERTMED Deserted islands in the Mediterranean Through research, we have identified approximately 300 islands where the natural development of a social fabric is not viable. At present, human settlement is impossible for a variety of reasons. Alboran ES Chafarinas ES Rechgoun DZ Habibas DZ Ile Plane DZ Cabrera ES na Conillera ES Illes Medes ES Fort de Brescou FR Ile du Planier FR Ile d‘If FR Ile Riou FR Port Cros FR Saint Honorat FR Isola di Mal di Ventre IT Asinara IT Archipel des Sanguinaires FR Galiton TN La Galite TN Iles Lavezzi FR Spargiotto IT Spargi IT Razzoli IT Budelli IT Iles Cerbicale FR Corcelli IT Barrettini IT Giraglia FR Isola delle Bisce IT Isola dei Cavoli IT Soffi IT Isole Le Camere IT Mortorio IT Serpentara IT Isola dell‘Ogliastra IT Tavolara IT Molara IT Gorgona IT Pianosa IT Ile Cani TN Ile Pilau TN Montecristo IT Ile Plane TN Zembra TN Zembretta TN Gremdi, Kerkennah TN Lampione IT Palmarola IT Zannone IT Santo Stefano IT Vele Skrakane HR Zeca HR Male Skrakane HR Plavnik HR Vele Orjule HR Grujica HR Lutrosnjak HR Trstenik HR Oruda HR Veli Laganj HR Veli Dolfin HR Otocici Grebeni HR Vodenjak HR Morovnik HR Duzac HR Maslinjak HR Sveti Grgur HR Tramerka HR Obljak HR Tramercica HR Prvic HR Lagan HR Goli Otok HR Golac HR Brscak HR Skrda HR Planik HR Tun Mali HR Mezanj HR Tun Veli HR Maun HR Magarcic HR Silo HR Veli Planatak HR Sparusnjak HR Utra HR Otocici Tri Sestrice HR Mrtovnjak HR Veli Otok HR Idula HR Srednji otok HR Glurovic HR Luskj Otok HR Maslinovac HR Fulija HR Knezak HR Krknata HR Tomesniak HR Lavdara HR Aba Vela HR Velo Silo HR Gornja Aba HR Veli Buc HR Borovnik HR Kurba Mala HR Mana HR Vela Balabra HR Bisaga HR Brusnjak HR Rasip Mali HR Maslinjak HR Veli Rasip HR Sitsko-zutska Otocna Skupina HR Šćitna HR Piskera HR Gustac HR Mala Dajna HR Klobucar HR Kasela HR Vodenjak HR Veli Pnsjak HR Gominjak HR Lunga HR Jancar HR Kameni Zakan HR Prdusa HR Skulj HR Garmeniak HR Okljuc HR Lucmarinjak HR Kurba Vela HR Capraia IT Sknzanj HR Mrtovnjak HR Cavlin HR Tetoviusnjak HR Kukuljar HR DESERTMED Deserted islands in the Mediterranean Jabuka HR Borovniak HR Drazemanski HR Kakan HR Bavljenac HR Misjak HR Mazirina HR Svetac HR Pianosa,Tremiti IT Logorun HR Zmajan HR Tijat HR Brusnik HR Maslinovik HR Biševo HR Orud HR Stipanska HR Otocic Stipanska HR Palagruža HR Susac HR Pod Kopište HR Mrčara HR Sazan AL Vardiani GR Arkoudi GR Madouri GR Sparti GR Skorpionidi GR Skorpios GR Kythros GR Atokos GR Formikoula GR Marathonisi GR Pelouzo GR Vromonas, Echinadi GR Sofia, Echinadi GR Strofades GR Drakonera, Echinadi GR Modio, Echinadi GR Makri, Echinadi GR Karlonisi, Echinadi GR Provatio, Echinadi GR Pontikos, Echinadi GR Oxia GR Sapientza GR Agia Mariani GR Schiza GR Venetiko GR Platia GR Psili GR Evraios GR Spetsoupola GR [NO NAME] LY Prasonisi GR Agios Ioannis GR Kyra GR Trikeri GR [Isola di sabbia] LY Dokos GR Ypsili GR Stachtorroi GR Platonisi GR Platia Nisida GR Stavronisi GR Velopoula GR Lagousaki GR Modi GR Falkonera GR Agios Georgios GR Peristera GR Adelfoi GR Kira Panagia GR Skantzoura GR Makronisos GR Grammeza GR Gioura GR Psathoura GR Antimilos GR Piperi GR Skyropoula GR Erinia GR Piperi, Cicladi GR Serifopoula GR Gyaros GR Kardiotissa GR Panteronisi GR Christiana GR Dia GR Rinia GR Delos GR Tragonisi GR Antipsara GR Ktapodia GR Kato Koufonisi GR Keros GR Kato Antikeri GR Ano Antikeri GR Anidros GR Macheres GR Chrisi GR Pachia GR Makra GR Tavsan TK Koufonisi GR Ofidoussa GR Megalo Livadi GR Gianisada GR Pontikousa GR Chamili GR Kinaros GR Glaros GR Elasa GR Kara Ada TK Mavra GR Zaforas GR Levitha GR Divounia GR Kounoupi GR Anidro GR Buyuk Ilyosta TK Buyuk Maden TK Ciplak TK Khelia GR Syma GR Grillousa GR Balik TK Fragkos GR Buyukada TK Plakida GR Hekim TK Archaggelos GR Pirnali TK Kizkulesi Adasi TK Astakida GR Tavsan Adasi TK Kandelioussa GR Pergoussa GR Pachia GR Kalolimnos GR Yali GR Cavus TK Büyükkiremit Adası TK Catal TK Gaidaros GR Çelebi TK Kara TK Antitilos GR Orak Adasi TK Alimia GR Yilancik TK Imrali TK Sivriada TK Yassiada TK Kizil Adasi TK Ramkine LB Ile du Palmier LB Sanani Island LB DESERTMED visited islands The aim of Desertmed is to investigate the essence of the deserted condition of islands of the Mediterranean. natural islands Khelia GR Grillousa GR Archaggelos GR Tragonisi GR Levitha GR Kythros GR Atokos GR Formikoula GR Arkoudi GR Echinades GR private islands Sparti GR Madouri GR Skorpionidi GR NATURAL PARK ISLANDS Pelouzo GR Capraia, Tremiti IT Pianosa, Tremiti IT Montecristo IT Gremdi, Kerkennah TN Ile Pilau TN Ile Plane TN Ile Cani TN La Galite TN Habibas, DZ Rechgoun DZ Ile Plane DZ prison islands Pianosa IT Goli Otok HR Gorgona IT Asinara IT Santo Stefano IT Ile d‘If FR Makronisos GR Gyaros GR military islands Galiton TN Zembra TN Zembretta TN Mrčara HR Sušac HR Sazan AL Svetac HR industrial islands Yali GR Natural Islands Natural Islands are situated off the routes of trade and tourism, and are usually either difficult to access or lacking in potable water. Often they are used for grazing livestock, beekeeping or fish farming. Many of them are minor constellations of the larger Greek and Croatian archipelagos, left deserted due to their rugged topography or lack of resources. The size varies from little more than a rocky outcropping to mountains emerging from the sea. Some of them were inhabited before the wave of emigration in the early 20th century. Natural Park Islands Natural Park Islands are islands designated for wildlife conservation, where human presence is monitored scientifically. On these islands the condition of desertion is desired and monitored by man. Only park guards live on such islands, defending their artificial “emptiness”. Their wild state is planned and protected. Private Islands Islands privately owned by individuals or social entities. Access and stays are subject to the same constraints and privileges as any other private property. Prison Islands Prison Islands are islands whose features make them ideal for penitentiaries or correctional institutions. Prison-like structures strictly regulate life on these islands. The different reasons for confinement have generated various architectural and urban typologies. With its specific geography, the island naturally imposes a border, preventing escape. Today certain prison islands have been abandoned entirely and only the penitentiary structures remain. On other islands, though the facilities have been shut down, they are still inhabited by the last remaining prisoners, awaiting the end of their sentences. Sometimes prisoners are “rehabilitated” through ecological education programs, conducted in partially self-organized communities. Military Islands Military Islands function as strategic outposts due to their location and the complex provisions concerning territorial waters and rights. As restricted military zones that are removed from public control, these islands not only serve strategic and geopolitical purposes, but are also sites for military testing and various exercises. In the Mediterranean these strategically situated islands are sometimes disputed by different countries. The military structures were often created in colonial times and reinforced during the .years of the Cold War. Industrial Islands Industrial Islands are islands that are economically interesting due to the presence of minerals or other commercial reasons. The respective exploration company in charge has the right to manage access to the island. Workers are admitted to the industrial island by day, but after dark it becomes deserted. Thus human presence is not stable. DESERTMED COLLECTIVE Artist‘s statements Amedeo Martegani: Desertmed’s research is horizontal. The forms of movement design the space that divides occupied from empty, civil from natural, identity from anonymity. Desertmed gathers and measures this gap, tries to bridge it, to organize without being an informer. It looks for anomalies in the predictable edification of social structure. It is research that does not rely on sociologisms or ethnic behavioral codes. Instead, it records the state of a permanent, almost meteorological flux, of the appearance of the void, the desert, the social gap, the ungoverned zone, as a place of the soul, where the games are interrupted for a while. For Desertmed, I imagine the distance, I calculate the trajectories, I draw what I like, I walk in one direction, I sleep, I follow the animals, I try to belong to this suspension through all the time required for my interference. Armin Linke: Desertmed comes from the desire to observe places that are considered useless, non-existent and boring because nothing happens there. Places — deserted islands — that are somehow connected to our romantic imaginary of distance, or the nostalgia for vacations of bygone days. Their “emptiness”, almost impossible to document and grasp, always has specific geographical, geopolitical or social reasons behind it. With photography and video I try to record this non-spectacular emptiness, where it only seems as if nothing ever happens. These deserted or abandoned places represent an indicator of major transformations taking place in the Mediterranean Sea that connects Europe, Africa and Asia. As you gradually approach the theme of the deserted island, the romantic vision shifts into a geosocial outlook. Desertmed’s research is also work on the theme of contemporary geographical representation, in an era in which new technologies are redefining our perception of space, and identity is constructed through this perception. Giovanna Silva: Desertmed began as a collective in 2008. Its objective was to study, research and catalogue the deserted islands of the Mediterranean. The islands have different levels of “desertification” that have been identified and divided by degree. At times the islands have specific uses for human beings, but no regular residents. There are islands that are deserted in keeping with a romantic sense of the term, namely uninhabited or abandoned; these are found mostly in Greece and Croatia. There are islands that are deserted for strategic and military reasons, in Tunisia and Spain, for example. Others cannot be accessed by visitors because they are used as prisons, due to their remote location. Others are still conserved in a natural state, as nature reserves, like museums. There are also “exclusive” islands that are private property, and industrial islands inhabited only during labor shifts, by the workers. From time to time exceptions arise that make Desertmed’s cataloguing less systematic but perhaps more interesting. A private but abandoned island, for example, or the island where a failed attempt at settlement on the part of a tourist village has left only bungalows that have been swallowed back up by the desert. Giulia Di Lenarda: I work on research. Geographical research, first of all, to identify topographical amnesias: deserted islands are zones overlooked by navigation routes, half-forgotten by geopolitics, lacking in interest for history, considered voids in the middle of the sea that require no coverage, no reporting. Desertion seen as absence of the human species is joined by the “disciplined” desert where the human race is only admitted on a temporary basis: the prisoner of an island penitentiary leaves when his sentence has been served, rangers leave island reserves at the end of a day’s work, and lighthouse keepers will soon be replaced by automated devices... To visit the controlled, disciplined desert you need a pass, issued by ministries, environmental protection agencies or local administrations. Often there is confusion regarding the authorities involved, even for the same island. Deciphering the politics of the inaccessible and obtaining authorization to visit islands is the second part of the research. Another aspect I have investigated is that of geopolitics. In 2008 representatives of 43 countries of the Mediterranean area met for the Mediterranean Summit in Paris, to attempt to launch a process of regulation for this sea, including future projects such as the creation of maritime highways to shift freight traffic from land to water. This pro- cess will inevitably create new navigation routes for shipping, and will progressively increase the number of ships in the Mediterranean. As a result, the deserted islands, perhaps, will no longer be so deserted. Giuseppe Ielasi / Renato Rinaldi: The deserted island is the stereotypic place of every utopia, the cradle of every (im)possible new beginning. It is not structured by any social organization, there is no culture, and therefore there can be no misunderstandings. It is the ideal tabula rasa on which to set up new social theories; the imaginary of the deserted island is a heavy burden with which to come to grips. The true utopia, for our imagination, is the desert as such. The sounds we have gathered on deserted islands sound and feel differently than the sounds of other places. This is not just for technical or aesthetic reasons, but is rather because the sounds of the islands do not produce any kind of narrative. In the desert narration becomes pure superstructure. The force of the sounds lies in their independence, their way of being splendidly useless, and their clarity. DESERTMED At Villa Romana, Italy A first installation was shown in 2009 at Villa Romana, Florence, Italy. The media used in the presentation included photography, stitching, sound installation and video. It was also accompanied by a publication. An expanded video installation was presented in 2011 at the Istanbul Museum of Modern Art, Istanbul, Turkey. DESERTMED Siakos-Hanappe Gallery, Athens, Greece Video installation May 2010 DESERTMED Istanbul Museum of Modern Art, Istanbul, Turkey Video installation March 2011 DESERTMED At NGBK, Berlin In 2012 an exhibition was held at NGBK, Berlin, with a mixed-media installation and a video installation, together with additional contributions from external artists. The Deserted Islands of the Mediterranean Map Installation, 2012 Mixed-media installation Developing lengthwise, the installation shows an abstract map of the over 300 deserted islands of the Mediterranean aligned according to their longitude. This “table-map” displays books about the 39 islands visited so far. Conceived as a single catalogue, the books show photographs and video stills of the islands, compiled without editing and without any precise narration. The islands are portrayed both on the micro level of geological matter as well as from the macro perspective that indicates which “types” they belong to. DESERTMED At NGBK, Berlin Deserted Typologies, 2012 7-channel video installation The video material shot during the field research was first catalogued according to the categories in which we subdivided the visited deserted islands. For each type, a narrative was then created to reconnect it to the idea of a “macro-island”. In each video, despite being a collage from different islands, the resulting landscape conveys the illusion of one unified place. The videos are part of a catalogue of materials that expands further as the Desertmed research proceeds. DESERTMED NGBK, Berlino Desertmed, 2012 Multi-Channel sound installation The installation is not about deserted islands in terms of sound topography: sound doesn‘t recognize the wide spaces of geography, but resonates within narrower borders. In the organization of the sounds there‘s no hierarchy because there is no function, everything refers to a mechanism similar to the one of a bachelor machine, cavities that filter frequencies, resonate, reverberate and vibrate, because the sea pumps water that pumps air into them. Air as a resonant element, an aural utopia where sounds become abstract and freed from geography. A black box in which sound remains as mysterious and useless as a deserted island. DESERTMED At NGBK, Berlin A section of the exhibition is devoted to the research results of an expanded group of artists and practitioners from other fields, who have been cooperating with the Desertmed Collective over the past few years. The exhibited publications form a growing archive based on ongoing research projects. Aristide Antonas Finds from Yaros and Makronisos, 2012 Giulia Bruno, Laura Fiorio Imrali 1935–2012, 2012 Remapping Cartography, 2012 Antonia Dika, Daniele Ansidei Perlen der Adria, 2007–2012 The exhibition at NGBK was an occasion to enlarge the research, inviting more artists working on connected themes: Fabian Bechtle, Bik van der Pol, Leon Kahane, Deborah Ligorio, Stefanos Tsivopoulos, Luca Vitone DESERTMED MATERIAL Book edition We printed in one copy a book series containing all the images collected in our trip to the Tremiti Islands in Italy and the Tunisian islands. Deserted Islands of the Mediterranean, Exhibition catalogue, Villa Romana, Italy DESERTMED Mapping and 3D scanning An essential aspect to the work of Desertmed is the use of a wide range of media forms to represent island regions. On the one hand, they serve for research on the history of particular islands. On the other, every found image makes a statement about the multifaceted uses and complex political, economic, and societal conditions of the Mediterranean region. We include historical images as well as material produced with the latest technologies. The visualization of the locations visited plays an important role. Imaging methods are often the only way to access remote regions. Our collection ranges from greatly simplified antiquarian images to complex GPS real-time maps, which, for example, depict the movement of ships around the Mediterranean; these serve both scientific as well as military purposes. For the security of external EU borders, the EU border control agency Frontex uses highly advanced imaging systems. We also use modern technologies in our research. For example, 3D scans were used to form images of the prison on Santo Stefano. The use of various technologies allows for a complex narration to develop in the presentation of Desertmed. Digital technologies are linked with analogue experiences in the exhibition space. Historical map of Venice, 15th century Historical maps juxtaposed with satellite images Google Earth, satellite images Maritime traffic realtime map www.marinetraffic.com DESERTMED mapping and 3D scanning SENSEable City Lab MIT provided the equipment to map the electromagnetic density of GSM telephone networks during the journey through this section of the Ionian Islands. This map shows an initial depiction of the coverage. The logs captured the identifiers of 58 different cell phone towers in the area. We are working with 3D laser scans to produce sculptural documents of architectural structures and geological forms. 3D animation, Santo Stefano, video stills Map of the electromagnetic density of GSM telephone networks during our trip 3D laser scan made during our visit to Santo Stefano prison, one of the first architectural prison structures based on the panopticon DESERTMED mapping and 3D scanning Our way to Khelia Island DESERTMED Geopolitical representation of the Mediterranean Paris Summit for the Mediterranean, July 2008 Coast Guard, Rome DESERTMED Geopolitical representation of the Mediterranean NATO brochure The integration of satellite-based surveillance and monitoring for enhanced operational maritime border control and maritime domain awareness (European Maritime Security Service) Refugee routes in the Mediterranean DESERTMED Collective Giulia Di Lenarda, lives in Milan, photographer and researcher. Giuseppe Ielasi, lives in Vimercate, musician. Co-curator of Senufo Editions. www.senufoeditions.com Armin Linke, lives in Berlin, artist, works with photography, video, and various media; professor for photography at the HfG Karlsruhe. Amedeo Martegani, lives in Milano, artist, works with various media. Giovanna Silva, lives in Milano, architect, photographer, artist. Co-founder of the magazine San Rocco. http://www.giovannasilva.com Renato Rinaldi, lives in Cividale, musician, works with soundtracks for theatre and radio dramas. Collaborations: Aristide Antonas, lives in Athens, architect and writer with PhD in Philosophy, associate professor of architecture, co-curator for the Greek Pavilion at the Venice Architecture Biennial, and co-founder of Built Event, spatial practices for architecture, art, curating and urbanism. Daniele Ansidei, lives and works in Berlin. His research focuses on the anthropological role of contemporary photography, seen as a means for investigating emerging social and cultural dynamics. Fabian Bechtle, lives in Berlin, artist, works with performance and video art, Meisterschüler at HGB Leipzig. Damien Bright, lives in Paris, researcher, member of SPEAP. Giulia Bruno, lives in Milan and Berlin, photogra- pher. Antonia Dika, lives in Vienna, works on the interface between architecture, art, urbanism and research. Currently working on a research project revolving around the Cold War legacy on the Adriatic islands. Laura Fiorio, lives in Venice and Berlin, works with photography and educational projects. Wilfred Kühn and Simona Malvezzi, live in Berlin, architects working in the field of curatorial design and installation architecture, whose projects include documenta 11 and the expansion of the Hamburger Bahnhof Museum für Gegenwart. Wilfried Kühn is professor at HfG Karlsruhe. Franck Leibovici, lives in Paris, works with writing, visual poetry, performance and of the notion of the collaborative “poetic document”, whose meaning he redefines with every new publication and action in public space. Also part of a research group at the SPEAP program of the Sciences Po Ecole des Arts Politiques, directed by Bruno Latour. Carlo Ratti, lives in Boston, Massachusetts, director of the SENSEable City Media Lab at MIT. Stella Sophie Serogiou, lives in Thessaloniki and Karlsruhe, student at Hfg Karlsruhe. Francesco Siddi, lives in Trento, specialist in 3D rendering and film special effects. Stefano Tamburini, lives in Turin, geological expert in 3D laser scanning and mapping technology. www.desertmed.org info@desertmed.org DESERTMED Desertmed would like to thank in particular Flavio Albanese, Fabian Bechtle, Paolo Berto, Milena Brambilla, Nina Brambilla, Roberto Badoglio, Damien Bright, Giulia Bruno, Alice Bulgari, Pierluigi Cacioppo, Renato Cafiero, Giuseppe Calabrese, Gennaro Carducci, Aurora Ciardelli, Massimiliano Cipriano, Paolo Colombo, Sandro Cortis, Lieven De Cauter, Diego Domenico, Luca Fais, Laura Fiorio, Carlo Forteleoni, Kurt W. Forster, Els Hanappe, Rebecca Harms, Iginio Marson, Mauro Martino, Romina Mastellone, Salah Matmati, Francesco Mattuzzi, Carlo Alberto Mazzerbo, Daniele Milani, Giulia Nomis, Raja Noomane, Viviana Panaccia, Francesca Pennone, Franco Pennone, Alessandro Petti, Valerie Pihet, Giulia Pireddu, Simona Pompilio, Carlo Ratti, Valerio Rosano, Annalisa Rosso, Luca Rotondo, Tassos Sakellaropoulos, Alessio Satta, Salvatore Schiano di Colella, Stella-Sophie Seroglou, Atman Shanoun, Lazarus Siakos, Francesco Siddi, Alessandro Silva, Laura Silva, Paolo Soravia, Martina Sorbello, Benedetta Spalletti, Angelika Stepken, Onofrio Storniolo, Andrea Tamburini, Elisabetta Terragni, Mario Tozzi, Silvio Vetrano, Antje Weitzel, Edmond Zhupani Desertmed would like to thank for their support Albanian Ministry of Defense / Albanian Ministry of Tourism / Benaki Museum, Athens / Commissariat National du Littoral d’Algérie / Commissariat Regional au Tourisme, Bizerte / Comando Generale Capitanerie di Porto - Guardia Costiera, Roma / Conservatoria delle Coste della Sardegna, Cagliari / Corpo Forestale dello Stato, Roma / Direzione e Amministrazione Penitenziaria del carcere di Pianosa e Gorgona / Ente Parco Nazionale Arcipelago Toscano / Ente Nazionale Tunisino per il Turismo, Milano / Galleria Vistamare, Pescara / Istanbul Museum of Modern Art / Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale, Trieste / IUAV. Università di Arte e Design, Venezia / MAXXI. Museo Nazionale delle arti contemporanee, Roma / NGBK, Berlin / Science Po Media Lab, Paris / Ministère de la Communication d’Algérie / Ministère de l’Environnement d’Algérie / MIT. Senseable City Lab, Boston / Navionics™ / Parco Nazionale dell’Asinara / Stavros Niarchos Foundation, Athens / Telespazio, Roma / University of Thessaly, Department of Architecture, Volos / Villa Romana, Firenze / ZKM. Museum für Kunst und Medien, Karlsruhe