A Roadmap for the Implementation of Smart Grids in Brazil

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A Roadmap for the Implementation
of Smart Grids in Brazil
Ivan Camargo
Brasilia University
Topics
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•
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The Brazilian SG Roadmap Project
Drivers for the development of SGs in Brazil
The current situation in Brazil
Methodology
Results
This presentation is based on
Fernando Maia presentation
in Aneel and Nelson Kagan in
the ISGT 2012.
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•
•
•
•
•
The Brazilian SG Roadmap Project
Drivers for the development of SGs in Brazil
The current situation in Brazil
Methodology
Results
3
• Sponsored by 37 Distribution Companies in
Brazil
• Through ABRADEE -Association of Brazilian
DISCOs and APTEL – Association of
Telecommunication Companies (Infrastructure
owners)
• 7 Research Blocks – Metering, Automation,
DG/EV/Storage, IT&Telecom, Public policies,
Customer View
4
Project approved by ANEEL – Brazilian
Regulatory Agency
DISCOs
ABRADEE
APTEL
Research Blocks
Research
Institutions
Strategic ANEEL R&D Project
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Research Blocks
RB1 – Coordination & Integration
RB5 - IT &
Telecom
• CPqD
RB6 - Public
Policies
• FGV
RB7 Customer View
• Innovare
RB2 - AMI/AMR – Smart Metering
• LACTEC
RB3 - Advanced Distribution Automation
• Univertity of São Paulo
RB4 - DG, EV, Storage
• KEMA
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37 DISCOs
Paraiba
Borborema
Sergipe
Minas Gerais
Nova Friburgo
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Project Partners and Sponsors
Coordination
AMI
Automation
DG, EV, Storage
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IT, Telecom, Interop.
Public Policies
Customer Perspective
Objectives
Development of a Brazilian proposal for the
technological migration from the current stage to the
full adoption of smart grids all in the Country.
• Functionalities and associated requirements;
• Technologies and methodologies to be adopted;
• Public policies for R&D, industry, financing, development of
equipment and services;
• Smart grid evolution throughout the Country; and
• Benefits and costs.
• Customer view.
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Main questions addressed:
- What is the current situation?
- What should be the future situation and its evolution?
- What and when should one carry out?
- How much does it cost?
- Which are the envisaged benefits?
- How can one apply the results of the project to a
utility?
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•
•
•
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The Brazilian SG Roadmap Project
Drivers for the development of SGs in Brazil
The current situation in Brazil
Methodology
Results
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Main Drivers in the World
Reduction CO2 emissions
Environmental Sustainability.
Reduction of Energy Consumption
Energy Efficiency
Reduction of Operational Cost
Economy Efficiency
Preparing the system for EV, Storage and
Distributed Generation
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Main Drivers in the World
dω
Γmec − Γele = J
dt
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Main Drivers in Brazil
Reduction of Technical & Commercial
Losses
Quality of service, power quality
Reliability
Reduction of cost
Better use of the system
Preparing the system for the future
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•
•
•
•
•
The Brazilian SG Roadmap Project
Drivers for the development of SGs in Brazil
The current situation in Brazil
Methodology
Results
15
Current situation in Brazil
• Few actions, especially related to Substation
Automation;
• Different markets and different DISCOs;
• Lack of technical and economical analyses related to
SG functionalities;
• Need for more pilot projects;
• Need for coordinated actions amongst agents.
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Current situation - Survey
• Survey over utilities that represent:
– 50% of customers in the Northeast of the Country
– 87% of customers in the Southeast (major market)
– 51% of customers in the South
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Some conclusions - Survey
• Basic level of Automation (reclosers/switches);
• Advanced Metering in high voltage customers;
• Scarce experiments on smart grids;
• Many different IT systems with low level of
interoperability;
• Telecommunication infrastructure insufficient
for intensive applications.
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•
•
•
•
•
The Brazilian SG Roadmap Project
Drivers for the development of SGs in Brazil
The current situation in Brazil
Methodology
Results
19
Methodology
• Costs and benefits over 30 representative distribution networks (attributes)
grouped into clusters to consider different topologies and realities.
• SG functions (metering and automation) according to the characteristics of each
cluster (number of customers, total capacity, network length, covered area,
consumption) determined from the Survey.
• DG penetration was determined in a regional basis and transposed to the clusters.
• Analysis of trajectories related to the implementation of automation resources
implemented in each cluster.
• IT systems designed to cover 3 types of utilities and transposed to clusters of
representative networks.
• Telecom resources designed for each functionality related to automation and
metering, taking into account their demands (volume, reliability, latency, etc.)
• Evolution of the penatration of functionalities in each cluster for 3 different
scenarios (slow - BAU, moderate, aggressive).
• Evaluation of costs and benefits during the planning period for each cluster
extended to the universe of networks in Brazil.
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Methodology
Network evolution
Functionalities
Parameters for
Cost
Benefits
Horizon - targets
Scenarios
Initial year
Existing
networks
Costs
Scenarios
Benefits
Integration
AMI
IT E TELECOM
DEMANDS
METERING
PENETRATION
METERING
DEMANDS
AUTOMATION
IT/TELECO
DEMANDS
DG DEMANDS
DG/EV
PUBLIC POLICIES
TELECO / TI
Costs
Smart Metering:
• Meter replacement
• Concentrators (last mile)
Automation:
• Switching devices (reclosers, switches, ...)
• Intelligent electronic devices (IEDs)
DG:
• Specific metering
• Subsidies for equipment acquisition
• Premium over generated energy
Telecom:
• Investment / use of public telecom networks
• Concentrators, etc. (WAN, Backhaul, FAN, NAN)
IT:
• Hardware and Software to support automation, AMI, DG control,
interoperability and cyber security
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Benefits
Quantified benefits:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Improvement in the quality of service – non supplied energy.
Reduction in non-technical losses.
Reduction in technical losses.
Reduction in operational costs.
Improvement of asset management.
Avoided costs in the expansion of conventional metering
systems.
• Avoided costs in the expansion of transmission and generation
due to distributed resources.
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Benefits
Non quantified benefits:
• Reduction in system peak due to the change in customer
behavior;
• Reduction in energy consumption due to available information
to customers;
• Selective and progressive load shedding due to non payment
• Pre-payment;
• New tariff modes and customer relationship;
• Reduction in gas emissions due to DR;
• Voltage regulation;
• Use of infrastructure for other services – water, gas, transport,
etc.;
• Technological development, new applications, new business;
• System integration to digital cities.
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Scenarios hipotesys
DG
SLOW
Subsidy
Net metering
Rebate
Feed-in tariff
0
5,3
21,7
7000
12000
16700
Value (bi R$)
Installed Power
(MW)
MODERATE
AGRESSIVE
•
•
•
•
•
The Brazilian SG Roadmap Project
Drivers for the development of SGs in Brazil
The current situation in Brazil
Methodology
Results
27
Smart meter penetration
80,0%
70,0%
Brasil
- percentual
de unidades
Percentage
of customer
units withconsumidoras
smart
meters com medidor inteligente
75,3%
60,6%
60,0%
52,0%
50,0%
40,0%
30,0%
20,0%
Premissas:
Tx crescimento mercado 4,0 % aa
Tx crescimento consumidores
1,78% aa
10,0%
Conservador
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Moderado
Acelerado
2030
2029
2028
2027
2026
2025
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
0,0%
Smart meter penetration
80,0
Millions
of customer
units withconsumidoras
smart meters
Brasil
- número
de unidades
com medidor inteligente
70,0
68,6
73,1 74,4
71,9
70,6
64,5
59,6
60,0
56,3
54,4
52,9
48,9
44,6
43,6
32,7
27,3
30,0
11,0
10,0
5,5
-
-
42,6
31,3
38,9
26,9
35,0
31,2
27,3
18,0
16,4
20,0
46,1
35,8
22,4
21,9
51,4
49,0 50,5
40,2
38,2
40,0
23,4
13,5
19,5
9,0
15,6
4,5
11,8
-
7,9
0,0
Conservador
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Moderado
Acelerado
2030
2029
2028
2027
2026
2025
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
-
2016
-
2015
-
2014
-
2013
4,0
2012
milhões de UC
49,0
50,0
60,0
57,9 58,9
Investments – Aggressive scenario
7.000
Brasil - Investimentos correntes - Cenário Acelerado
R$ milhões
6.000
5.000
5 billions/year
4.000
3.000
2.000
1.000
0
2012
30
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
Investimentos Correntes em Medição, incluindo TI e Telecom
Investimentos Correntes em Automação, incluindo TI e Telecom
Subsídios para GD, incluindo TI e Telecom
Investimento Total
2030
Investments – Moderate scenario
7.000
Brasil - Investimentos correntes - Cenário Moderado
R$ milhões
6.000
5.000
4.000
4 billions/year
3.000
2.000
1.000
0
2012
31
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
Investimentos Correntes em Medição, incluindo TI e Telecom
Investimentos Correntes em Automação, incluindo TI e Telecom
Subsídios para GD, incluindo TI e Telecom
Investimento Total
2030
Investments – Slow scenario
7.000
Brasil - Investimentos correntes - Cenário Conservador
R$ milhões
6.000
5.000
4.000
3.000
3 billions/year
2.000
1.000
0
2012
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2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
Investimentos Correntes em Medição, incluindo TI e Telecom
Investimentos Correntes em Automação, incluindo TI e Telecom
Subsídios para GD, incluindo TI e Telecom
Investimento Total
2030
Total investment
Aggressive
Moderate
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Slow rate
Cost – benefit analysis
Assumptions:
• Investment are annualized considering corresponding life
expectancies;
• Discount rate at 11%;
• Benefits and costs referred to 2011 (present worth values);
• Cost of non supplied energy in the range from 4,000 to 6,000
R$/MWh.
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Costs & Benefits – aggressive scenario
Brasil - Cenário Acelerado - Valor presente de custos e benefícios
R$
R$bilhões
milhões
50,0
Avoided costs DG
40,0
Reliability
15,8
30,0
DG
20,0
Automation
9,9
3,5
11,9
1,3
1,8
10,0
Non technical
losses
6,4
Metering
18,5
Avoided costs
conventional meters
5,2
0,0
Costs
Medição
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Automação
Benefits
- inf
Acelerado
GD
Med
PNT
Oper
Benefits - sup
Ativos
END
Exp. GD
Costs & Benefits – moderate scenario
Brasil - Cenário Moderado - Valor presente de custos e benefícios
R$R$bilhões
milhões
50,0
40,0
Avoided cost GD
30,0
Reduction NSE
11,3
20,0
DG
Automation
2,7
3,0
7,9
Non-technical
Losses
10,0
4,9
Metering
11,3
Avoided cost
Metering
4,1
0,0
Costs
Medição
36
Automação
Benefits
- inf
Acelerado
GD
Med
PNT
Oper
Benefits - sup
Ativos
END
Exp. GD
Costs & Benefits – slow scenario
Brasil - Cenário Conservador - Valor presente de custos e benefícios
R$
R$bilhões
milhões
50,0
40,0
30,0
Avoided cost GD
20,0
10,0
Automation
2,2
Metering
8,4
Reduction NSE
3,6
Non-technical
Losses
3,8
3,1
0,0
Costs
Medição
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6,8
Automação
Benefits
- inf
Acelerado
GD
Med
PNT
Oper
Benefits - sup
Ativos
END
Avoided cost
Metering
Exp. GD
Benefit/Cost Analysis Conclusions
• With this hipotesys implementation of smart grids in Brazil is
viable for all scenarios.
• Distribution tariff are supposed to increase about 5%.
• This is a macro vision of the Brazilian networks. More detailed
analysis is needed for application in each individual network or
utility. We have a huge diversity in utilities.
• Challenges mostly related to technological choices and
regulatory issues.
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Customer View Conclusions
• They don’t know exactly what means “smart
grids”.
• They prefer the term “Redes Inteligentes”
then “smart grids”.
• They don’t want to be charged for the new
technology.
• They don’t care about environmental issues.
Gracias!
ivancamargo@unb.br