Oaxaca Mexico - Humboldt State University

Humboldt State University Department of World
Languages and Cultures Spanish Program
and
Universidad Autónoma “Benito Juárez” de Oaxaca
Facultad de Idiomas Spanish Program
invite you to
Oaxaca
Mexico
Summer Program Student Handbook
1
Table of Contents
Disclaimer statement ...........................................................................................................6
About Mexico .......................................................................................................................7-8
Map of Mexico
Profile of Mexico:
Territory
Topography
Population
Languages
Currency
Local time
Electricity
Laws about alcohol and drugs
About Oaxaca .......................................................................................................................9-14
Map of Oaxaca
Profile of Oaxaca:
Territory
Topography
Population
Crime
Drug Cartel & War
Poverty
Communications in Oaxaca
Mail: National/International
Telephone: National/International
Cellular Phones
Internet Access
Fax Access
Skype
Transportation in Oaxaca
Buses
Taxis
Preparing your Trip ............................................................................................................14-16
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Academic and Cultural Preparation
Language
Culture
Suggested Reading List
Websites
Civic Obligations before Departure
Voting
Medical Information ............................................................................................................17-18
Health and Medical Information
Health Insurance
Immunizations
Food and Drinks
Illness
Important Travel Documents .............................................................................................18
Passport
Birth Certificate
Airline Ticket
Visa Requirements ...............................................................................................................19
90 Day Visa (your visa)
Tourist or Cultural Exchange Visa
Personal Finances.................................................................................................................19-20
Traveler’s Checks
Credit Cards
Cost of Living
Things to Take to Oaxaca....................................................................................................20-22
Luggage
Clothing
Personal Laptop Computer
About a Humboldt T-shirt to Wear
About Gifts
Miscellaneous Items
Arriving in Mexico City.......................................................................................................22-24
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Currency Exchange, Mexican Pesos
Taxi: Airport to Terminal TAPO or Hotel
Recommended Hotel
Hotel Reservation
Taxi from Hotel to Terminal TAPO
Bus Terminals
Bus Lines
Bus Fares
Ariving in Oaxaca ................................................................................................................24-25
Studying in Oaxaca ..............................................................................................................25-26
Universidad Autónoma “Benito Juárez” de Oaxaca (UABJO)
Academic and Historical Profile
Faculty
Facilities
Living with a Mexican Family ............................................................................................26-27
Selection of Host Families
Host Families
Maids and handymen
Laundry
Cultural Differences.............................................................................................................27-30
Different Culture-Different Values
Meals and Food
Privacy
Personal Space
Interpersonal Communications
Machismo
Common Courtesies
Bathroom Etiquette
Returning to the States ........................................................................................................30
Leaving Oaxaca
Miscellaneous........................................................................................................................30-32
Telephone Instructions
4
Emergency Telephone Numbers
Information/operator
Emergencies
Red Cross
General Hospital
National Immigration Institute
Civil Protection
AT&T
MCI
Airport
Addresses of UABJO and HSU
UABJO’s Central Building
UABJO’s Language Center
Humboldt State University
Contact current Program Director
Personal Notes ......................................................................................................................33
Map of the City of Oaxaca ..................................................................................................34
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Disclaimer Statement
The intention of this handbook is provide general and specific
information to HSU Oaxaca students. This information changes daily,
so this document may have inaccuracies. If any information is not
accurate or is obsolete, please make a note and discuss it with the
Oaxaca Program Director. We will edit, correct, and update inaccurate
and obsolete information.
Furthermore, if you have any additional input to improve this document,
please pass it on to the Oaxaca Program Director. This handbook has
been created and sustained collectively throughout the years and
certainly there is room for improvement.
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About Mexico
Map of Mexico
Profile of Mexico:
Territory:
1,200,000 sq m.
Topography:
Mexico is in North America (Middle America), bordering the Caribbean Sea and
the Gulf of Mexico, between Belize and the US and bordering the North Pacific
Ocean, between Guatemala and the US.
Population:
Around 111,211,789 inhabitants.
Languages:
Although Spanish is the official language in Mexico, there are many indigenous
languages spoken within the different areas of the nation. Sixteen different
indigenous languages are spoken in Oaxaca.
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Currency:
The national currency used in Mexico is the Peso. The exchange rate is volatile
and fluctuates daily.
Local time:
Mexico is two hours ahead of the Western U.S. time in California. For example,
if it is 7 a.m. in the US, it is 9 a.m. in Oaxaca. When it is 10 p.m. in Oaxaca, it is
8 p.m. in California.
Electricity:
100 volts, 60 cycles AC. The same as in the US. In general, most outlets receive
two-pronged chords. If you are taking three-pronged plug devices, you will need
to use an adapter. You can buy an adapter in the US at any hardware store. You
can also buy one in Oaxaca in the electrical section of the supermarkets or
hardware stores (ferretería).
Laws about Alcohol and Drugs:
In Mexico, it is legal to both drink alcohol and smoke cigarettes at the age of 18.
Both smoking and drinking are a standard part of life in Mexico, especially
among young Mexicans. For some of you, it might be the first time that you can
legally drink in a country. Please do NOT drink alcohol. It may not only affect
you more strongly due to the elevation, but you could also find yourself in
situations that you would not normally be in if you had not consumed. If you
have any doubts, please ask the Program Director for assistance.
For the Oaxaca Program students the use of any drugs and alcohol, besides
cigarettes, is absolutely prohibited. The use of drugs and alcohol could result in
your imprisonment and will result in your dismissal from the program. While in
Mexico, you will be living under Mexican laws; thus, you cannot expect the
Program Director, the U.S. Embassy or anyone else to bail you out.
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About Oaxaca
Map of Mexico and Oaxaca
Map of the state of Oaxaca
Profile of Oaxaca:
Territory:
The capital of the State is the City of Oaxaca, located in the Central Valleys
approximately 325 miles southeast of Mexico City. Founded in 1532.
Topography:
The State of Oaxaca borders the states of Puebla and Veracruz to the North; to the
East is the state of Chiapas; to the South is the Pacific Ocean; to the West is the
state of Guerrero. This is one of the most bio-diverse places in the world. The
city of Oaxaca is located in the center of the state.
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Population:
There are about 265,000 people in the municipality of Oaxaca. The complete
name is Oaxaca de Juárez.
Crime in Oaxaca:
Mexico is generally not a dangerous country, but it is a third-world country with a
lot of poverty and petty crime. This, however, is not to say that poverty is
equated with crime. The economic factors of Mexico have created a large social
gap that is visible on the physical realm. However, this does not interfere with
integration into the society.
Oaxaca is visited often by thousands of tourists, and the city has been able to
create a somewhat safe environment for people to roam around in the city.
Nonetheless, it is a good idea to travel with a partner at night and use your front
pockets for your ID and cash. Due to the high tourist rates, like in any big city, it
is important to always be aware of your belongings, to be aware of pick-pocketers
at all times, and to use your common sense. There is no need to worry
excessively, but it is a good idea not to forget about your surroundings.
Areas that you should be more careful in are crowded buses or streets, the second
class bus station located at the Central Market (Mercado de Abastos), and
basically any unknown area outside of the “anillo periférico” (the “ring”/highway
that goes around the city). A large part of the city is within the periférico. These
areas outside of the periférico are more isolated from the rest, and are thus more
prone to robberies and assaults.
When traveling in the other areas, be aware of your surroundings at all times. If
you have a backpack or some sort of bag, carry it directly in front of you. Besides
trying to snatch your bag, they may also try to slash it and escape with the goods
before you even notice. If your bag does get ripped off of you, DO NOT fight
back; just let your possessions go. You can get hurt trying to save a few measly
dollars, and it is not worth the trouble. The same applies to any city anywhere,
whether it is in Latin America, North America, Europe, or any other place in the
world.
If you are robbed, tell the Program Director immediately, and then go with him or
her to notify the police. Although they most likely will not be able to recover the
stolen items, they will be able to trace your passport if someone else uses it. When
possible, carry only a copy of your passport with you.
Drug cartel and war:
The current Mexican government’s administration is involved in a prolonged
campaign to fight and eradicate drug-dealing organizations. This has proved to be
a very difficult task because it has created a vicious cycle of violence between the
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drug dealers and the government as well as within the drug organizations
themselves. This is an all-out war with thousands of people dead on both sides,
yet it has remained a mainly self-contained war within this frame.
In particular, these issues are evident in the northern part of Mexico where the
main drug production and traffic routes are. However, the southern part of
Mexico has remained calm and minimally effected by this drug war. Nonetheless,
we advise our students to remain alert and avoid any scenario that may escalate
into a violent situation related to this issue. We will monitor this situation as it
evolves, both at the national and region level.
The security of our students and the program is of our utmost concern, and we
will respond with appropriate safety measures, as necessary. Our program was
officially authorized to be conducted in Oaxaca this year by the President of our
university and the Chancellor of the CSU system.
Poverty in Oaxaca:
While probably many of you have seen begging on the streets in Arcata or
elsewhere in the US, it will not compare to the amount of begging that you will
see in other Latin American countries. Mexico is not the exception. Although it
is hard to accept, it is important to realize that begging is sometimes the only
means of income for many of those who do it (unfortunately, do not be surprised
to see children begging on the streets). It is a difficult situation that will not
change overnight or in the amount of time that you will be there. Whether you
choose to give money or not is up to you. If you do not agree with begging, but
you want to help needy children, there are also organizations that help kids who
live on the streets. Instead of reinforcing begging as a means of existence, you
could buy the products that these children are selling or you could volunteer in an
organization that aids them.
Street beggar in Oaxaca
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Street musicians in Oaxaca
Communications in Oaxaca
Mail, National/International:
Mexican mail service, like many other Latin American mail services, is slower
and more unreliable than U.S. mail service. If you send a letter from Mexico to
the States then you should expect it to take a minimum of about two weeks for the
letter to arrive. If you are expecting a letter from the States it usually takes about
half as long (one week), for the letter to arrive. Sending packages to the US is
expensive and generally not reliable. Sending packages from the US can also be
expensive, but it is usually more reliable. You may want to consider having the
contents insured, as the package is not guaranteed to arrive in Mexico. Mail sent
within Mexico is done in the same fashion as it is in the States. Stamps can only
be bought at the post office.
Telephone, National/International:
If while in Oaxaca, if you would like to make long-distance or out-of-area code
calls, it is advisable to use either long-distance phone cards or the public phone
card system (LADATEL phone cards). There are few pay phones in Mexico.
The common form of public phone involves the public phone card, which you can
buy at any of the little stores. They are sold in a variety of peso denominations.
There are also many public communication centers (with internet, fax, and
telephones) where you may use a phone to either call or receive a call. The prices
in these centers vary from each other. The rate also changes, depending upon the
time of day for the long-distance phone calls. You may find that it is easier to
arrange for your family or friends to call you, since long-distance service from
Mexico is much more expensive than it is in the United States. If you want to
make long-distance calls from your host family’s telephone, please discuss this
with them before making the call. Telephone service is expensive in Mexico, and
it would be unacceptable to leave your host family with a huge telephone bill after
your departure.
Permanent phones have different purchase plans with different rates for local,
regional, national, and international calls. In addition, there are different rates for
calling and receiving cell phone calls. Overall, the charge plans are more
complex than U.S. charge plans, and many times the bills do not show the
immediate costs; they may be delayed up to two months. Therefore, refrain from
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using family phones as much as possible. Use them only when it is absolutely
necessary, or discuss with the family the potential costs of your planned phone
usage.
Another option that you may want to consider is obtaining a calling card before
leaving for Mexico. By using an AT&T, MCI, or other calling card from the
United States, one can call from Mexico to the US by following the international
calling card instructions, as stated on the card itself. Usually, this is the cheapest
way to talk for more time and it does not bill the phone you are using. If your
family in the US wants to call you in Oaxaca, they will have to dial 011-52-951
and then the home phone number. Remember not to abuse your privileges to use
your host family’s telephone. Not only is telephone service expensive, but
remember that they may want to use it too.
Cellular Phones:
Some cell phones from the States will work in Mexico, and others will not work,
depending upon the U.S. cellular company with which you have a contract. Be
sure to investigate well how much your cell phone company charges for calls
made to and from Mexico. Be careful with your time when using your cellular
phone as not to run the bill up too high.
If your U.S. cell has Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) capability, you will be
able to purchase a SIM card for a very reasonable price in Oaxaca. You can then
use a Oaxaca number while you are in the program. Once you have the SIM card,
you buy minutes from the cell companies via pre-paid cards. There are several
cellular service providers in Oaxaca with excellent service and reception like
Telcel or Nextel among others.
You can also buy a cell phone in Oaxaca with a SIM card so that you can use it in
other regions of the world or in the US. A basic cell phone in Oaxaca is priced
more reasonably than in the US. Because you will have a short residence in
Oaxaca, this is the best option versus the permanent plans. Once you buy the
phone, you add additional time using pre-paid cards.
Internet Access:
Internet cafes are a common site in both Oaxaca and in other cities in Mexico.
Prices per hour fluctuate, depending upon where you go. Internet is available for
free at the Facultad de Idiomas (UABJO) with the use of your student ID card.
There are many internet cafes in the downtown area of Oaxaca (around the
Zócalo, or plaza); around the UABJO itself, there are many cheap internet places
to go to. Most places with Internet offer phone services, too. Please also see the
section, “Things to Take to Oaxaca” regarding personal laptops.
Fax Access:
In most communication centers or Internet cafes you should also be able to find a
fax machine.
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Skype:
Skype is becoming very popular among international travelers because you can
use your computer for communication. Skype is free from computer to computer.
You simply open a Skype account online (http://www.skype.com/intl/enus/home/).If you want to see an image with Skype, you can use a small, desktop
web camera designed for audio-visual internet communication. Some laptops
have built-in cameras already, which will suffice. You can also use Skype to
connect to regular cell or land-line phones for a premium. Check rates at the
Skype website.
Transportation in Oaxaca
Buses:
Buses are the most common form of cheap transportation in Oaxaca. They are
inexpensive and you can take them just about anywhere. They don’t have regular
bus stops like in the US, so if you want to board one, just wave your hand out as if
you were flagging down a taxi; if it is not full it will usually stop for you. Upon
your arrival, inquire about bus fare rates; with a student ID card, you may be able
to purchase your fare for half of the price.
Taxis:
Taxis are another form of common transportation, and like buses, they are
everywhere. Taxis are not as cheap as the buses. Most taxis do not have meters,
and they charge relatively fixed prices, depending upon how far away you would
like to go. There may be a minimum charge imposed; so if you plan on taking a
taxi, ask the driver how much he is going to charge before even getting in. Do
not be afraid to bargain or leave the taxi if you don’t agree with the price.
Sometimes, seeing that you are a foreigner, they will try to overcharge you. Be
aware that prices change according to the time of day. At night, prices are always
more expensive. Mexicans don’t tip taxi drivers. When traveling at night in a
taxi, it is recommended to travel in groups as a safety precaution. It is also
recommended to only get into taxis that have identification numbers on them.
Also, it is recommended that you do not get in a taxi with customers already
in it. Always get your own taxi.
Preparing your Trip
Academic and Cultural Preparation
Language:
Before leaving for Mexico, it is a good idea to immerse yourself in as much
Spanish as possible, in addition to the regular language classes that you are taking
at HSU. Join Spanish conversation groups, read books, magazines or newspapers
in Spanish, watch the Spanish channels if you have cable, and study your old
texts. Practice your pronunciation by reading Spanish aloud. Also, try to talk to
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people that have traveled to Mexico before and ask them about their experiences.
The more prepared you are before leaving for Mexico, the more you will get out
of your experience abroad.
Culture:
In order to familiarize yourself with the Mexican and Latin Culture, a list of
suggested readings is given below in order to help prepare you for the new
country and culture that you will be living in.
Suggested Reading List:
Living Poor: A Peace Corps Chronicle, Maritz Thomsen.
Lonely Planet Southern Mexico, Rob Rachowiecki.
Remaking the Nation: Place, Identity & Politics in Latin America, Sarah
Radcliffe, Sallie Westwood.
Living in Latin America, Raymond L. Gorden.
In order to make the most out of your visit, it would be wise to familiarize yourself not only with
the culture and the language, but also with some basic facts about Mexico. Although you will
learn some of this in your classes at the UABJO, it pays off to be well informed before traveling
abroad. Some things that you might want to read about are:
History.
Art, politics, religion, natural resources of Mexico.
Current national affairs and everyday problems of the people.
Tourist sites.
Santo Domingo Church in Oaxaca
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Monte Albán site in Oaxaca
Websites:
There are various websites that you can go to for more information about Mexico. Below are
listed several sites, some with links to others:
http://www.lonelyplanet.com/mexico/oaxaca-state/oaxaca
http://oaxaca-travel.com/
http://www.oaxaca.com
http://www.realoaxaca.com/
http://www.travelbymexico.com/
http://www.oaxacatimes.com
http://www.aquioaxaca.com
http://www.planeta.com/oaxaca.html
http://www.aoxaca.com
http://www.costachica.net
http://www.peoplesguide.com/1pages/info/urls/1urlindex.html
http://www.oaxaca.gob.mx
Civic Obligations before Departure
Voting:
If there is an election in which you wish to vote in while you are in Mexico, have
the absentee ballot sent to you, or vote before you depart.
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Medical Information
Health and Medical Information
Health Insurance:
All participants must have adequate international health insurance coverage
while on the HSU exchange program in Oaxaca, Mexico. You can purchase a
special insurance for this trip. Your Program Director will give you further
explanations regarding this matter. Make copies of pertinent medical information
and keep them with you at all times.
Immunizations:
It is a good idea to consult your physician or local county health officer about
which immunizations are needed for Mexico. Upon immunization, you can ask
for an International Health Certificate as a way to keep a record of your shots.
Recommended shots are: hepatitis B and A as well as typhoid. Consult your
campus or family physician before leaving the States because immunization
requirements can change. Although most parts of Oaxaca are out of the malaria
zone, you might also want to take precautions just in case you plan on traveling to
any of these areas or to a nearby state that may carry it. Consult your campus or
family physician about whether it is necessary to take precautions or not. Cholera
is also present in remote parts of Mexico; however, rather than having a cholera
shot it is recommended that one takes such precautions as boiling water, peeling
fruit, etc.
For more information on this subject, you can also check the Center for Disease
Control web site at: www.cdc.gov/travel/
It is a good idea to take emergency medical information with you and to keep it
with your passport at all times while traveling. Again, it is recommended to carry
copies of important information and of your passport once you are settled in
Oaxaca. Leave original documents in a secure location in your hotel or in the host
family home.
The following information should be included:
o Food and medical allergies
o Dietary restrictions
o Current medications and dosages
o Blood type
o Immunization history
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o Chronic ailments
o Type of health insurance and policy
o Whom to call in case of emergency
o Other important health history information
Food and Drinks:
Tap water in Mexico is not safe to drink unless it is boiled or treated. If you do
not like the taste of boiled water then you can look into buying purified water, a
water filter or iodine crystals. Ice cubes may not be made from boiled water, so
be careful when using them also; always make sure ice is made from purified
water. Eating from street vendors or in degraded-looking restaurants is also
discouraged, due to questionable hygiene.
One can safely assume that restaurants in the historical center, or downtown,
always use purified water. Therefore, it is not necessary to request this. This also
applies to any upscale restaurants, regardless of the location.
Make sure that if you eat fruits or vegetables that they are properly peeled and
cleaned. If you eat meat, poultry, pork, or fish, ensure that it has been well
cooked. Be sure to use your judgment well in making preventative decisions on
whether to eat something or not, especially from markets or street stands.
Illness:
In the event that you become ill, inform the Program Director at once. The Red
Cross is on the same block as the Facultad de Idiomas, and there are many
pharmacies around town. Oaxacan medical doctors and pharmacists are very
competent at diagnosing typical traveler illnesses. Medicines are also
considerably cheaper in Oaxaca.
Important Travel Documents
Passport:
Make a copy of the front page and the visa page if you have one. Keep them in a
separate place from your passport.
Birth Certificate:
Take a copy with you.
Airline Ticket:
Make a copy of it and keep it in a separate place from your airline ticket.
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Visa Requirements
90 Day Visa (your visa):
In Mexico, you can legally stay in the country for 90 days without a visa. Once
you get off the plane, you will pass through customs, where they will ask you how
long you plan on staying in Mexico and what you plan on doing. They will then
stamp your passport with the date of entry, and you will have up to 90 days from
that date to legally stay in Mexico. If it happens that you decide to stay longer
than 90 days, then you must go to the immigration office in Oaxaca and ask for an
extension on your visa.
Instituto Nacional de Migración [National Immigration Institute]
Address: Periférico # 2724, Depto. 4
Boulevard Eduardo Vasconcelos
Oaxaca, Oaxaca
Telephone: (951) 4-5674
Hours: 9:00 to 14:00
If you have any questions about this, please ask your Program Director. Here is a
website that provides links with information on entering Mexico, Passport and
Visa
requirements,
and
other
useful
information:
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/traveler/archive/2000-10-17-0.html
Tourist or Cultural Exchange Visa:
If you plan on staying longer than 90 days, then it is advisable that you get either
the tourist or the cultural exchange visa. The tourist visa lasts six months and the
cultural exchange visa lasts one year.
Personal Finances
It is recommended that you take your funds either in traveler’s checks or credit cards. Before
leaving for Mexico, it is advised that you exchange a few dollars into pesos to have them
available upon your arrival. Once in Oaxaca, you can easily exchange dollars for pesos as often
as you need.
Traveler’s Checks:
It is recommended that you use name-brand traveler’s checks, like American
Express, to be sure that they will be recognized in Mexico. There is usually a
surcharge on the amount that is being changed; the rate charged depends on which
bank or currency exchange broker’s office (Casa de cambio) to which you go.
Credit/Debit Cards:
Debit credit cards such as VISA, American Express, or Master card, are also a
recommended way of accessing your funds in Mexico. This is sometimes more
19
convenient because there is no waiting in line in the bank or fear of losing one’s
checks. These credit /debit cards can be used just like a versa-teller/ATM card;
be careful, just as you would in the States, that no one else knows your code.
Generally, there is a small service fee charge every time you withdraw cash from
the machine. There is no service fee charge when using the card to pay directly
for goods and services. It is advisable to inform your bank before you leave that
you will be using your card outside of the US. You should also make copies of
your bank account information and service phone numbers, in case your card is
lost or stolen. Keep this information separate from your cards.
Cost of living:
Although you will discover that living costs in Mexico are much lower than they
are in the United States, it is important not to continually talk about how cheap
everything is. Many of you will encounter the stereotype of the “rich American”,
but the less you flaunt the fact that things are so much cheaper, the less you will
be looked at as a dollar symbol. Even if you do not consider yourself to be
wealthy, many of you will be perceived that way. It can be bothersome, but
please don’t expect to change the way that people think of North Americans. Be
sensitive to the difference between middle-class in the US and middle-class in
Mexico. Remember that Mexico is a third-world country with a culture
completely different from that of the US. You must arrive with an open mind and
take things in stride.
Things to Take to Oaxaca
Luggage:
Please check this with your specific Airline regarding baggage requirements,
current fees, and restrictions. If you exceed stated limits then you will have to
pay a fee. Please keep that in mind while packing. Most of you will return to the
States with items that you have bought in Mexico; so unless you want to leave it
behind, it is wise to take only the essentials. You should have proper
identification on all your pieces of luggage and bring some essentials in your
carry-on bag. These might be toiletries or a change of clothes, but it is wise to
pack whatever you deem necessary in the event that you have to unexpectedly
spend the night somewhere else on your way to Oaxaca.
Clothing:
Oaxaca is in the Central Valley of the State of Oaxaca and is surrounded by
mountains. During the summer, it usually tends to rain periodically throughout
the day; however, when it does not rain, it is quite hot. The temperature varies
between 65ºF - 89ºF year round and is really quite variable during the day, as
well. People usually wear short sleeve shirts, pants, skirts, or shorts. When it
rains, the temperature tends to drop a bit. Generally speaking in Oaxaca, it is
warmer and wetter during the U.S. summer and colder and drier during the U.S.
winter. You should take some rain gear, but you will mainly need clothes for hot
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weather. If you plan on going to the coast, then you should also pack for hot
weather. If you plan on going to the mountains, take warmer clothes and some
hiking boots. Do not forget your umbrella or raincoat; without them, you will be
soaked in less than a minute (most of the rain is in the month of June). Please
keep in mind that dress in Oaxaca is somewhat conservative. To avoid unwanted
attention and to be treated with more respect, it is generally recommended that
mid-length or longer skirts and/or not-too-short shorts be worn. Also, women
who show excessive cleavage may receive unsolicited advances. Although this
may be a cultural novelty or flattering at first, it may eventually test the tolerance
of American women.
Personal laptop computer:
"It is not necessary to bring a personal laptop computer to Mexico because there
are plenty of internet cafés there. You will also have access to the university's
computer facilities. Of course, you are welcome to bring your laptop with you
during your travels if you use it regularly or you need to access numerous files
(you may consider bringing files on a flash drive, instead). In any case, Wi-Fi
will be accessible in cafés, and your Oaxacan family may even have Wi-Fi at
home. If you are concerned about servicing your laptop, there are several
knowledgeable companies in and around Oaxaca that can provide computer
communication and technological assistance.
It is important to remember that a laptop is a sophisticated and somewhat delicate
piece of technology that may not withstand the rigors of extended and possibly
rugged travel. Of course, the possibility exists, as it does anywhere, that your
computer can be misplaced or stolen. Accidents happen. Therefore, if you bring
your computer, be sure to backup your files as needed. Also, check with your
insurance company to determine your plan’s coverage for accidents, theft, and/or
loss of equipment during international travel. To reiterate the electricity
information in the “About Mexico” section, you may want to bring adaptors for
your equipment, as appropriate.
About a Humboldt T-shirt to Wear:
We recommend taking one or two HSU T-shirts along with you to wear and show
the presence of our university abroad. We will take group pictures to use on our
website and it would be nice to show some people wearing HSU T-shirts. You
will be surprised how many people know our university in Oaxaca. If you wear
your HSU T-shirt while traveling, people may come up to you to tell you that they
graduated from HSU or that their sons and daughters went to HSU, too. It is very
nice to connect with people who have fond memories of our university. You are
indeed an ambassador of HSU abroad in more ways than you think. The
Humboldt spirit is in many places and it is fun to find out where it exists.
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About Gifts:
It is a good idea to take small gifts from Humboldt to present to your family,
when appropriate. You may also need an additional gift for a special occasion
like a birthday in the family. We recommend that you bring presents with the
university logo, like T-shirts, cups, or baseball hats, for example. Also, items
made in Humboldt County like arts and crafts, wine, jams, or smoked salmon
make great gifts. A calendar with gorgeous pictures of the region is also
welcome. The gesture will go a long way with your Oaxacan family and friends.
Miscellaneous Items:
Mexico has just about the same kinds of toiletries as the US, but usually they are
imported, and thus, more expensive. If there is a particular brand of a product that
you like, you might just fare better taking as much of that item as you need for the
amount of time that you will be gone. Other things to consider bringing to
Oaxaca would be prescription drugs, particular food items you need to take, etc.
Otherwise, there are most of the same items from the US found in Oaxaca.
Arriving in Mexico City
Skip this section if you are arriving directly from the US to Oaxaca without stopping in Mexico
City. Go to the next section, entitled, “Arriving in Oaxaca”, page 22.
If you are taking a flight to continue to Oaxaca the next morning, it is better to stay in a hotel
close to the airport. Check the internet for hotel recommendations. The same applies if you are
returning to the US via Mexico City.
If you would like to stay in downtown Mexico City, please read the following information:
If you arrive during the daytime and you are not tired, you can go directly from the airport to the
bus terminal Terminal de Autobuses de Pasajeros del Oriente”, abbreviated as TAPO, by taxi
(See Taxi below for additional information).
If you arrive during the evening, go to the recommended hotel (provided that you have made
reservations) and continue your trip the next day after breakfast.
Currency Exchange, Mexican Pesos:
If you have not exchanged money, you can do so at the Benito Juárez
International Airport before you take a taxi. You will find excellent exchange
rates at the airport in the internal hallways, before you go to the main lobby.
Taxi: from airport to Terminal TAPO or to Hotel:
Buy the taxi fare before you leave the airport at the taxi booth to go to the
Terminal TAPO or to the “Hotel Catedral” en el centro histórico. The taxi ride
should take approximately 30 minutes. They will take you directly to the
Terminal TAPO or to the doorsteps of the hotel. The price is the same, more or
less, for each destination. Do not hire a taxi independently. Again, buy a taxi
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voucher at the airport booth in the airport. These taxis charge you an honest fare
and are completely secure.
Recommended Hotel
Hotel Catedral
Calle Donceles 95
Mexico City, D.F.
Phone from USA: 011-52-555-518-5232 OR 011-52-555-521-6183
Fax: 011-52-555-512-4344
Reservations: reservaciones@hotelcatedral.com
Web Page: http://www.hotelcatedral.com/index.html
The hotel has an excellent restaurant, and the staff is well known for its fine service. Request a
top floor room with a view. The hotel is located at the city center area known as “Centro
Histórico”, one block from Zócalo behind the Cathedral. All rooms have phones, so you can
make or receive calls from the States.
Check in at the hotel, relax, and if you have time, go to the Zócalo, behind the hotel. The
restaurant is a good place to have dinner too. You will appreciate the fact that you don’t have to
search for a place to eat when tired. You can also charge all your restaurant meals to your room
account. Just write your room number in the bill (after you added 15% tip) and sign it. Great,
right?
Hotel Reservation:
Call the hotel and make reservations directly: 011-52-5-518-5232, or email:
reservaciones@hotelcatedral.com. You don’t need a credit card, but if you want
to feel more secure, go ahead and provide a credit card number. People are very
professional and honest.
Please see http://www.hotelcatedral.com/index.html for current hotel rates.
You can always pay cash or use your credit/debit card. If you like this hotel, then
make reservations for your return from Oaxaca in route to the States. This way,
you will be taken care of coming back.
Taxi from Hotel to Terminal TAPO:
Ask the hotel to call a taxi for you. They work with their associates, so the hotel
customers are treated with care. The taxi ride should take about 20 minutes.
Bus Terminals
There are two terminals where you can get a bus ride to Oaxaca: the “Terminal Central del Sur”
and the “Terminal de Autobuses de Pasajeros del Oriente”, abbreviated as TAPO. People would
recognize more the name TAPO than the long official name of the terminal. The TAPO terminal
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is a more convenient place to get a ride, since the other terminal (Sur) is further in the southern
part of the city.
Terminal TAPO
Zaragoza 200
Mexico City, D.F.
The terminal TAPO is located near the airport and also next to the metro station called “Metro
San Lázaro”. Don’t take the metro, because it would be very difficult to travel with your
luggage.
Bus Lines:
There are so many. Regardless of the company, always travel on “Primera,”
“Primera Plus,” or any other denomination higher such as “De Lujo,” “Super
Lujo,” “Deluxe,” “Deluxe Plus”. Do not try to save $5 or $15 dollars by taking a
cheaper bus line. There is nothing like a good and comfortable bus ride.
Be sure to take a direct route, “viaje directo”. There are two companies that offer
direct trips, with stops only in a few main cities or none at all:
Autobuses del Oriente or ADO (as referred by many)
Omnibus Cristobal Colón or just Cristobal Colón (as referred by many)
UNO (very elegant)
Bus Fares:
There is no need to make reservation in advance. Many buses go to Oaxaca daily
and frequently; sometimes two or three different companies depart at the same
time! According to the bus you will be taking, the fare will vary. Remember to
take the DIRECTO. You can also make secure ticket reservations and check
current rates online at: http://www.ticketbus.com.mx/
Arriving in Oaxaca
You made it! Many of our students from Humboldt have taken the same route over the last 20+
years! Please follow instructions about how to get from your arrival site to the program’s
designated hotel.
If you arrive at the Oaxaca Bus Terminal, then the hotel may be within walking distance. Walk
to the hotel called Hotel LA CASONA DEL LLANO
If you arrive at the Oaxaca airport, then you have two taxi options: “taxi colectivo” (nice vans) or
“taxi regular” (nice latest-model cars). Each type will have a respective voucher. Take the "taxi
colectivo", when available, because is usually more economical than the regular taxi. The trip
should be about 20-30 minutes, maximum.
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Proceed to buy a taxi voucher at the taxi booth in the airport. Just tell them the name of the
designated hotel (Hotel LA CASONA DEL LLANO) and they will provide you with a voucher.
Studying in Oaxaca
Universidad Autónoma “Benito Juárez” de Oaxaca (UABJO)
Academic and Historical Profile:
The origin of the Universidad Autónoma “Benito Juárez” de Oaxaca goes back to
the August 26th, 1826, when the old Arts and Sciences Institute was established by
the Dominicans in Oaxaca. Due to earthquakes, the Institute was later moved to
Santo Domingo. On January 17th, 1955, the Arts and Sciences Institute was
converted into what today is the Universidad Autónoma “Benito Juárez” de
Oaxaca. The UABJO has formed great characters in Mexican history, like Benito
Juárez (licensed in Law in 1843) and General Porfirio Díaz Mory (who studied
Law, but never finished), among others. After 176 years, the University’s saying
is still the same: “Science, Art and Liberty” (“Ciencia, Arte y Libertad”).
The university guarantees freedom of expression, of thought, of teaching, and of
scientific investigation based on its beginnings, objectives, norms, and rules. This
freedom does not authorize the university nor its members to execute, foster, or
defend incompatible acts with judicial law, nor to execute in its place conducing
activities that propagate, directly or indirectly, political, partisan or religious
indoctrination, being prohibited to its members all forms of discrimination, as
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well as, to use or relate the university’s name or its estates in any form of activity,
political or religious expression.
Faculty:
The professors working in the Oaxaca program are Mexican UABJO professors
who are fully experienced in working both with North Americans and with
languages.
Facilities:
At the Facultad de Idiomas you will have access to a language laboratory, books,
TVs, VCRs, computers, and the internet. The university’s website is
http://www.uabjo.mx/
Living With a Mexican Family
Selection of Host families:
The HSU Program Director selects families for the students based on
questionnaires filled out by both parties. Once you are placed with a family, you
will stay there during the remainder of the program unless there are compelling
reasons to leave and other families available.
Host Families:
Host families are an essential part to any cultural exchange program. They not
only aid you in learning more about the culture of the country that you are living
in, but they help you to learn more about that country’s language, too.
Generally speaking, in Mexican culture, the family holds a lot more importance
than it does in the United States. Therefore, living with a family will be both an
enlightening and a sometimes difficult experience. You will find that you will
learn not only a lot about Mexican culture, but also a lot about your own culture
as well. In many instances, you will probably make a lot of cultural mistakes; but
the Mexican family is there to benefit you and to help you adjust to Latin
American values and norms.
Cultural differences are bound to happen, so please don’t become discouraged
when they do. It is essential to remain open-minded and remember that you are in
a different country with different customs. You are in Mexico to learn about their
culture, not to impose your ideas of how you think things should be. How well
you get along with your host family depends largely on you. You will benefit
most from your home stay experience by remaining open-minded, observant, and
sensitive to the differences in lifestyles. This does not mean that you must change
yourself in order to understand Mexican life better, but it does mean that you
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should be flexible towards and respectful of a different way of living. We are all
working together to establish quality relationships.
Do not expect to develop a close bond and feel like a member of the family if you
leave town every weekend or never spend a day or evening with your host family.
You too must make an effort so that they know how you want to be treated.
There will inevitably be conflicts, but you must work on them when they arise.
Do not expect things to be perfect.
In the case that a student does wish to leave his or her host family, arrangements
can be made so that he or she is moved to a different family. If there are any
conflicts whatsoever within your host family, please ask the Program Director for
assistance. You might think that you can work it out yourself, but sometimes the
language barrier and the difference in customs can make things even worse and
more confusing. Remember, it is always better to confront problems once they
arise than to sit on them and let the situation get worse.
Maids and handymen:
Many Mexican families have maids and handymen who may or may not live with
your host family. If your family does have one, please don’t let it upset you. This
is just a cultural difference that you will have to get used to. You may not like
how the maid is treated within your host family, but please do not feel like you
have to liberate them. This may be the only job available and may be his or her
only source of income.
Laundry:
Your host families do not have the obligation to clean your clothes (some, but not
all host families will include washing your clothes as part of your stay). You will
either have to hand wash your own clothes and let them air dry, or take them to a
laundromat where they can be cleaned and dried for you.
Cultural Differences
Different Culture-Different values
Meals and Food:
Meals will be the most important “get-together” time for you and your family. If
you do not show up for many meals, then do not expect to build a strong
relationship with them. This is a very important aspect of the family group. Pay
attention to whether or not they wait for all family members to arrive before
eating or if they have some flexibility in their eating schedule. If you know that
you will not be coming home to eat or you are not sure that you will be because
something came up, call them up and let them know.
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Mexican meals are not like most meals that you would eat in the States. While
the typical U.S. family is used to eating three hearty meals a day, the Mexican
family usually eats just one. Breakfast (desayuno) served early in the morning
between 7-10, is normally a light meal that consists of sweetbread, tortillas,
cheese, eggs, milk, coffee, and juice. Lunch (almuerzo), usually served between
2-4 in the afternoon, is the main meal of the day, which normally consists of soup,
a main dish, and dessert. In the evening, usually around 7-9, is what they call
cena o merienda. It is what North Americans would call dinner. This is usually a
light fare that consists of bread, cereal, and coffee or tea, although it may vary
from family to family.
The Mexican diet consists mainly of fresh fruits and vegetables, red meat, pork,
and chicken. Beans and rice are almost always included in the meal and chiles are
almost always included in the meals, as well. The selection of the type of food
that you eat also depends on the time of year and the availability of the product.
Mexico has some amazing fruits and vegetables, along with some delicious fruit
juices to offer. Make sure that you peel and wash the fruit and vegetables before
consuming it and be sure that the water from the juice is boiled.
Your family has been informed of your eating preferences; however, to make
sure, you should discuss this with your family openly. Make a list of all the foods
you eat and don’t eat so the family is fully aware of your dietary preferences or
necessities.
Privacy:
If you ever want to take a friend over to your host family’s house, you should ask
permission first, and be careful about taking them into your room if they are of the
opposite sex. Mexicans have a different concept of privacy than most North
Americans do. You may be used to shutting and locking your door, whether
alone or with someone else, but Mexicans don’t tend to do that. Be aware of how
they interact with each other and of what kind of image you want to project to
them.
Personal Space:
Your personal space in Mexico is much smaller than it is in the United States.
Mexicans tend to be more affectionate with each other and interact with each
other at a much smaller distance than what North Americans are used to.
You may notice that people talk to you at a much closer distance than you are
perhaps comfortable with, or that sometimes they’ll take your arm when walking
down the street or touch your shoulder as you talk. Please realize that these are
just cultural differences and signs of affection. Latin Americans in general are
more publicly affectionate than North Americans are; so unless you feel like
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someone has overstepped his/her bounds, please understand that no harm is meant
by it.
Along with being more affectionate Mexicans may also appear at times “nosier”
than what you are used to. Your host family or the people that you meet might
ask you a lot of questions and appear as if they were getting in your business, but
usually that isn’t their intention. They honestly just want to help you and let you
know that they are interested in you and your well-being.
The Latin American greeting also involves a closer contact than you may be used
to. If a man and a woman or a woman and a woman are greeting each other, they
usually kiss the air beside each person’s right cheek. If it is between men, then
they just shake each other’s hands.
Interpersonal Communications:
Unlike North Americans, Mexicans tend to be very subtle about expressing their
opinions or suggestions. You may not notice at first, or you may be bothered
because of the vagueness, but please be patient and understand that this is just
another cultural difference. For example, if you tend to walk around the house
barefoot or just in your socks, they might ask you each time if your feet are cold,
but they most likely will not tell you to go put some slippers on.
Although Mexicans may be subtle in expressing certain opinions, sometimes they
can be downright blunt when expressing others. In the US, it is considered a faux
pas to tell someone if he or she looks fat or appears to have gained weight, but in
Mexico and in Latin America in general, these rules do not apply. You may be
shocked at first when someone calls you “gordito/a” (plump—this is the closest
word to gordito. There is no accurate translation for this word) or “flaquito/a”
(slender, light-framed), but again, it is just another way of showing affection.
They are by no means trying to be rude or offend you.
While it may be hard at first to communicate in Spanish with your host family, it
is important that you always let them know when you do not understand
something. Most people would prefer to speak more slowly or to repeat
something that they have already said than to believe that you understand them
and later find out that you don’t. Just knowing that you are trying to understand
will make a difference. Keep in mind that besides feeding you and providing you
with a place to live, your host family is also listening to you, teaching you, and
adjusting their own routines in order to accommodate you. These things are
invaluable and cannot be expressed in monetary terms.
Machismo:
Mexico is a machista country, and although it may upset you, you are going to
have to get used to it. Women may feel discriminated against, but many times
you will just have to “bite your tongue” and attribute it to cultural differences.
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Some might have difficulties with their families due to machismo, whereas others
will mostly encounter it outside of the home.
Common Courtesies:
Every member in your Mexican host family has a role, to which you must be
sensitive. You must be patient and observe what each of their roles is in order to
find your own place in the family. As you meet each family member, ask what
name or form of address you should use, and then tell that person how you too
would like to be called. Remember to show basic consideration when entering or
leaving the household by always greeting or saying good-bye to your host family.
Please advise a family member when you do not plan on attending a meal. It is
considered extremely rude to enter the house and go directly to your room without
saying anything to anyone. This is a No, No, No. Keep in mind that your own
behavior is not only going to reflect on how your host family will treat you, but it
is also going to reflect on you as an individual, as an HSU ambassador, and as a
U.S. citizen. If you want to be treated with respect, you must also treat others
with respect and be sensitive to their cultural values.
Bathroom Etiquette:
Most Mexicans dispose of toilet paper differently than North Americans do.
Some throw the toilet paper into the toilet only if they know that this is
appropriate to do, whereas others throw it into a wastebasket so not to plug up the
system. If you are not sure which method you should use, please ask your family.
Sanitary napkins and tampons are not to be thrown into the toilet either.
Generally speaking, the water disposal system is not designed to handle toilet
paper or just about any other paper items
Returning to the States
Leaving Oaxaca:
If you are leaving directly from the city of Oaxaca, be sure to confirm your flight
at least 48 hours in advance. If you are vegetarian, do not forget to tell them that
while you are confirming your flight, or you may not have anything to eat on the
way back. If leaving from Mexico City, confirm your flight as well. There are
buses that go from Oaxaca to Mexico City basically every hour from 6:00 in the
morning to 12:30 at night.
Miscellaneous
Telephone Instructions
If calling form USA dial: 011-52-951 plus hotel or family number
If calling from other cities in Mexico dial: 01-951 plus hotel/ family number
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Long distance code: from USA: 011, In Mexico: 01
Country code, Mexico: 52
State Code, Mexico City: 555
State Code, Oaxaca: 951
Oaxaca local numbers: seven digits
Emergency Telephone Numbers
Please verify these once you arrive, as they might have changed.
Information/Operator
040
Emergencies
060
Red Cross (Hospital)
514-08-85
General Hospital
515-35-00
National Immigration Inst.
514-55-40
Civil Protection
513-34-40
AT&T Operator
01-800-288-2872, if not 01-800-462-4240
MCI Operator
001-800-674-7000
Airport
514-28-28 or 511-54-88
US Consulate in Oaxaca
(951) 514-3054 or (951) 516-2853
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Addresses of UABJO and HSU
The Central Building of the UABJO is found at:
Ex-Hacienda "Cinco Señores" Ciudad Universitaria C.P. 68120 Oaxaca, Oax. Tel/Fax: 011-52(951) 6-58-43 and Fax 1-06-88, 1-05-66
The Facultad de Idiomas the UABJO is found at:
Calle Burgoa sin número entre las calles de Bustamante y Armenta y López Centro C.P. 68000
Oaxaca, Oaxaca Tel/Fax: 011-52-(951) 6-59-22
Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 95521-8299 (707) 826-3226
If you have any questions whatsoever, please contact the current Oaxaca Program
Director.
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Personal Notes
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