NATO`s Perspective on HF - HFIA, High Frequency Industry

NATO’s Perspective on HF
presented by
Donald Kallgren
Communication and Information Systems Division
+31 70 374 3442
don kallgren@nc3a nato int
don.kallgren@nc3a.nato.int
1
S ubnetwork
S ervice Interface:
S ’5066, S ’4538
• Decomposition of Standards into EPM and nonEPM parts
A LM
ARQ
C lear V oice an d T raffic W aveform s :
S ’4203, S ’4197, S ’4285, S ’4539,
M S ’110 A/B , etc.
EPM
LS U
EPM
W aveform s
‘Modules’ or ‘rooms’ in HF
House provide separate
areas of focus allowing work
to proceed in parallel where
possible
Provides:
• Decomposition into functional layers
• Formal placeholders for Legacy and
Evolving Standards
• Roadmap for development and the
• Decomposition into 2-G/3-G elements
• HF House is not new
Slide 2
provision of new services
Proposed
P
d and
d used
d within
ithi the
th HF-Radio
HF R di Ad-Hoc
Ad H
Working group since the mid-1990’s
18 November, 2003
S’4444
A LE
ACS
S’4538
S’5066
2-G
ARQ
Burst
Waveforms
• Provide a structured overview and development
plan for NATO High-Frequency Standards and
Standardization Efforts
3-G : A R C S
2-G
A LE
8FSK
MS-141A (ap
pp. A)
HF House: The Idea
HF House:
What built it? What’s in it? And Why?
Multiple
Environments
The Awful HF
Channel
Pressures to Develop
Modern HF Systems
The Triumph of
Technology over
Physics?
Slide 3
C lear V oice and T raffic W avefo rm s:
ACS
S ’4203, S ’4197, S ’4285, S ’4539,
M S ’110A/B , etc.
Multiple
p
Applications
EPM
LS U
EPM
W aveave
form s
S’4444
A LE
A LM
ARQ
S’4538
2-G
ARQ
Bu
urst
Wavefforms
2-G
A LE
S’5066
3-G : A R C S
8F
FSK
MS
S-141A (app. A)
S ubnetwork
S ervice
i
IInterface:
t f
S ’5066, S ’4538
Automation as a Response to
Complexity and Ignorance
18 November, 2003
The ‘Awful’ HF channel
F2
• Multipath environment
F1
• groundwave + skywave, or
E
• skywave + skywave
• Dispersive / Absorptive
Channel
• Time- / Frequency
Groundwave
variations
• seasonal, diurnal and short-term variations a function of frequency
• Noise
• lighting, galactic, industrial noise dominate thermal noise
• Congestion
• HF radio’s been around since the beginning … if a nation or
enterprise
t
i has
h had
h d (have)
(h
) anything,
thi
they’ve
th ’ had
h d (still
( till have)
h
) HF
radio.
Slide 4
18 November, 2003
Pressures to develop modern HF
Communications
• SATCOM can’t meet all ELOS/BLOS comm. requirements
• blockage
bl k
in
i high-latitude,
hi h l tit d and
d in
i mid-latitude
id l tit d mountainous
t i
regions
i
• cost (a decreasing factor, but still significant for some)
• competition for available capacity
• push for ‘higher’ data rates
• information explosion - new data and sources; new ways of expressing
old information
– in the (Wireless) Internet … a word is worth a thousand pictures
• expanded user population with requirements for data exchange
– aggravated in some cases by a mis-match between application (w/ multicast
requirements
i
t and
d point-to-point
i tt
i t implementation)
i l
t ti ) and
d radio
di channel
h
l (w/
( / inherent
i h
t
multicast capability)
Slide 5
18 November, 2003
Technology’s Triumph over Nature & Physics?
• Marriage of mature technologies can
successfully combat dispersive channel
effects:
• proven channel models for dispersive /
Adaptive
Equalization
Filter
absorptive environments
• optimal estimation techniques applied to
unknown channel characteristics
• adaptive control/equalization to minimize
estimation error for known signal
elements
• Moore’s Law and Optimized Digital Signal
Processing algorithms allow practice to
keep step with theory
Slide 6
18 November, 2003
HF Automation as a Response to
Complexity
p
y and Ignorance
g
• HF Communications has been something of a ‘Black Art’ and …
• … therefore it has become a ‘Lost Art’ known only to the persistent few ...
• Link Establishment for BLOS skywave operation is hard, and historically has
relied on trained operators to manage complex operating procedures to:
– estimate the environmental conditions, select frequencies, determine/adapt
the optimum data rate, wait through the inevitable channel outages till the next
communications period, manage retransmissions of missed messages ...
• HF users abandoned the medium because of the the success and comparative
high-reliability of SATCOM systems, reducing the number of trained operators
further …
• Automation:
• compensates for the lack of trained operators in HF
• enables precise, rapid, and responsive control of complex processes
• enables HF use by comparatively unskilled operators (or, alternatively, by
operators with different skill sets, like IT system administration)
Slide 7
18 November, 2003
HF: How/Where Used?
• Multiple Applications
• Voice
–clear AM/FM
–narrow-band secure digital
• Data
–TTY - historically where errors
could be tolerated
–reliable data - w/ advent of ARQ
and robust coding
• Fax
–weather / other image
• Broadcast
–maritime applications some of
the oldest uses of HF BLOS
• Variable Topologies
–Point-to-Point
–Point-to-Multipoint
–ad-hoc communications
–disciplined nets
Slide 8
• Multiple Environments
• Land / Air
–ad-hoc tactical nets
–point-to-point
–mobile/manpack
• Maritime
–ad-hoc nets
–point-to-point
–disciplined single-frequency
nets
• Civil
–low-cost BLOS w/o SATCOM
–emergency management
• Military
–backup for essential services
–low-cost BLOS w/o SATCOM
• Benign / Degraded Channels
–interference (deliberate or
unintentional))
–HF is rarely benign, but you can
get lucky!
18 November, 2003
The ‘HF-House’ STANAG Suite
ALM
ARQ
S4444
ACS ALE
EPM
LSU
S4538
S5066
3G, ARCS
Clear voice and traffic waveforms : S4203,
S4197, S4285, S4415, S4539, MS110, etc.
KEY
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
2G
ARQ
Burst
ms
waveform
Physical Layer
2G
ALE
8FSK
Network Layer
Link Layer
Subnetwork
service interface
S5066, S4538
MS
S141 (appx A)
(interface to
higher ISO
layers)
EPM
waveforms
2G: second generation 3G: third generation Snnnn: STANAG MSnnn: Mil-Std
Mil Std
STANAG 5066 - Profile for HF Radio Data Communications
STANAG 4539 - HF Waveforms (PSK, QPSK, QAM)
STANAG
S
G 4538
538 - Automated
uto ated Radio
ad o Co
Control
t o Syste
System ((ARCS)
CS)
STANAG 4444 - HF EPM Waveform (FH-PSK/FH-QPSK)
STANAG 4415 – Robust HF Waveform @ 75 bps
STANAG 4203 - HF Radio Standards (~ 3 kHz, ~1.4 kHz )
MIL-STD-188-110A/B - HF Waveforms (PSK/QPSK/QAM)
MIL-STD-188-141A - Automatic Link Establishment
Slide 9
• ACS
• Automatic
Channel
Selection
• ALE
• Automatic Link
Establishment
• ARQ
• Automatic
Repeat Request
• ALM
• Automatic Link
Maintenance
• EPM
• Electronic
Protection
Measures
18 November, 2003
2nd/3rd Generation HF - Definitions
• NATO Standards Base for 2-G HF Communications:
• Modems
- STANAG 4285/4539/MIL STD 188 110B
• ARQ
- STANAG 5066
• ALE
- MIL STD 188 141A
• Subnetwork
- STANAG 5066
• HF Clients
- STANAG 5066 / other (e.g., STANAG 4406E T-MMHS)
• NATO Standards Base for 3-G
3 G HF Communications
Slide 10
• Waveforms
- BW1-5 from STANAG 4538
• ARQ
- HDL & LDL from STANAG 4538
• ALE
- STANAG 4538
• Subnetwork
- STANAG 5066
• HF Clients
- STANAG 5066 /other (e.g., STANAG 4406E T-MMHS)
18 November, 2003
HF House: STANAG STATUS
STANAG 5066
STANAG 4539
STANAG 4538
STANAG 4444
STANAG 4415
STANAG 4203
MIL-STD-188-110A/B
MIL-STD-188-141A
Slide 11
Profile for HF Radio
D t C
Data
Communications
i ti
HF Waveforms (PSK,
QPSK, QAM)
Automated
Radio
Control System (ARCS)
HF EPM Waveform (FHPSK/FH-QPSK)
Robust HF Waveform
HF Radio Standards (~ 3
kHz, ~1.4 kHz )
HF
Waveforms
(PSK/QPSK/QAM)
(2-G) Automatic Link
Establishment
Ratified, promulgated
Ratified
Ratified
Ratified
Ratified
new draft Ed. 3 pending
ratification
incorporated into STANAG
4539 (3 kHz BW only)
incorporated into STANAG
4538 (legacy ALE mode)
18 November, 2003
HF House: Future Additions?
(caution/warning! My subjective views …)
• Wide interest in pushing to higher data rates
• channel combining for STANAG 4539:
– probable adoption of MIL-STD-188-110B 6 kHz ISB mode
– channel combining for non-contiguous channels
– industry demonstrators running at:
• 19.2 kb/s (2-channel), 28.8 kb/s (3-channel),
), … 57.6 kb/s ((6-channel),
),
38.4 kb/s ((4-channel),
• rates as high as 128 kb/s (8-channel, 256 QAM) for surface wave ...
– wide interest in the maritime community
• stable ground-wave modes provide non-contiguous channels with similar
performance
– primary impediments are frequency-management related, not the technology
• higher data rates for STANAG 4539 TDMA mode (Annex D)
– incorporation of QAM modes from non-TDMA modes (Annex C)
• higher data rates for STANAG 4538 HDL modes
– incorporation of QAM modes from STANAG 4539 Annex C
• IP-over-HF support
• inclusion of HF BLOS and ELOS nets in the wireless wide-area network
• encapsulation standards in proposed in STANAG 5066 Annex F Ed1A1
• inherently supported by STANAG 4538’s interface requirements
Slide 12
18 November, 2003
Summary/Conclusion
• The HF House Concept:
• provides an ‘iconic’ summary of the current suite of NATO standards pertaining
to HF radio communications
• has served to organize and focus HF Comm requirements by:
– EPM / non-EPM environments
– functional area (e.g., ALE / ALM, ARQ)
– legacy, emerging, and future standards
• provides a road-map
road map for development
• allows users to match their requirements to the available/planned technologies
Slide 13
3G, ARCS
Clear voice and traffic waveforms : S4203,
S4197, S4285, S4415, S4539, MS110, etc.
KEY
ALM
ARQ
S4444
ACS ALE
EPM
LSU
S4538
S50666
2G
ARQ
Burst
waveeforms
Physical Layer
2G
ALE
8F
FSK
Network Layer
y
Link Layer
Subnetwork
service interface
S5066, S4538
MS141 (appx A)
(interface to
higher ISO
layers)
EPM
waveforms
f
2G: second generation 3G: third generation Snnnn: STANAG MSnnn: Mil-Std
18 November, 2003
NATO Deployed CIS Architecure
• Cluster Principle for Deployed Forces
• Modular Specialization
• Office Modules
• staff offices / client workstations
• Information Services Modules
• servers / network administration
• Communication Modules
• external / internal communications
nexus
• Network Extension Modules
• expansion / extension capabilities
CLUSTER PRINCIPLE
OM
NEM
80-100 staff
OM
NATO/Com mercial sate llite
Cluster #4
OM
ISM
COM
OM
80-100 staff
ISM
HF
HF
OM
OM
OM
NEM
Cluster #3
COM
OM
NATO satellite
NEM
OM
80-100 staff
OM
NEM
OM
80-100 staff
CJTF HQ
80-100 staff
ISM
OM
80-100 staff
NEM
OM
COM
Cluster #1
NEM
HF
HF
80-100 staff
OM
OM
OM
OM
OM
COM
ISM
NEM
Cluster #2
NEM
OM
OM
80-100 staff
NEM
80-100 staff
NEM
OM
80-100 staff
• For strategic deployed command HQs
• tactical communicators not addressed
• will use nationally provided systems
systems,
e.g., BOWMAN, TACOMS2000 systems
Slide 14
18 November, 2003
HF Module Addition to the DeployableCommunication Module Architecture
HF Subnetwork Domain
Office Module
HF Module (HFM):
Radio only
COM
User/Client
Domain
inclusion of HF systems in the
radio control
DCM
modem
control
• remote the high-power-transmitter
Z
Bulk
WAN/LAN
User
Workstations
HF Subnetwork
Processor
• Proposed architecture for
4285/4539
PSK Modem
HFTx/Rcv
Antenna
• Backup to SATCOM
Red/Black Interface
(within COM)
• BLOS while mobile
Client host
(e.g., Mail Transfer Agent)
HF IP/PPP
Client 5066
and receive assets only.
remote radio control may not be
feasible in this configuration
because of security accreditation
• HF Module is programmed
under the Capability Package
for Deployed Communications
Client/Subnetwork Interface
(socket-based via RED LAN)
Co-location of controller,,
crypto, and modem
Slide 15
CP-0149
Remote-audio to HF Module ((direct,, or via
fibre-optic, ISDN, or network interface)
18 November, 2003
NATO Airborne HF
• NATO Airborne Early Warning Aircraft
((NAEW)) requirements
q
for BLOS GroundAir-Ground COMMS
• 75 baud HF RATT systems initially
• On
On-station
station updates of the ATO required
• Early prototype systems based on FEDSTD-1052 / Harris Mail Terminal
KEFLAVIK
ELMENDORF
CROUGHTON
OFFUTT
WEST COAST
HAWAII
ANDREWS
SIGONELLA
• NATO Evolutionary Requirement
LAJES
YOKOTA
• Compatibility with US SCOPE
PUERTO RICO
GUAM
ASCENSION
DIEGO GARCIA
Command Global HF System:
– STANAG 5066 + MIL-STD-188-141A
SOUTH ATLANTIC
Slide 16
– voice, data, IP-over-HF, web-services
18 November, 2003
NATO Maritime Communications Architecture
NATO General-Purpose-Segment Communication System (NGCS)
CLASSIFIED
National In-Port
Network(s)
Theatre
Injection
Site(s)
NUNI
NATO PiersideSIPref
Interface
Module(s)
CLASS
Shipboard Interface Module
High-Speed
Broadcast Satellite
EHF SATCOM
SHF SATCOM
UAR
Z
NICE
ip
- HF Sh
BRASS
HSB Sys.
UHF/SHF/EHF
Modem(s)
UHF/SHF/EHF
SATCOM
Z
SAR
IP/PPP
Bulk
CLASS
HF IP/PPP
Client 5066
MPS /
Server
HMTP/ HFSS-ARQ
CFTP/ (S'5066 E1)
4406-E
ACP-127
VTC
(H.323)
ACP 127
ACP-127
ELOS/LOS Net Proc.
(S'5066 Ed. 2, other)
HF Tx
UNCLASS
Z
Bulk/IP 4285/4539
PSK
Z
Bulk
Z(R)
4285/4539 PSK
Bulk
/MA
MO
TAS
h
cast, S
Broad
HSB/SHF / UHF /
EHF SATCOM
HF
Rcv
HF Rcv
4538 ARC
4285/4539PSK
Z
Bulk HF/VHF/UHF HF/VHF/UHF
Radio(s)
Modem(s)
MARAIR
S- HF
BRAS
HF Tx/Rx
4538 ARC
HF Tx/Rx
4538 ARC
OM
TC
SA
HF-Bro
ELOS/LOS
Systems
Z(T/R)
Z
Bulk
Bulk
Bulk
Z
CLASS
UNCLASS Bulk
5030
MSK
4285/
4539
PSK
4285/
4539
PSK
HFSS-ARQ
Black
Switch / 4285/4539
4285/4539
PSK
PSK
interface
OTAM
adcast
ip/Sho
HF
Br
o
s
ca
ad
SU B V
NUNI
S2ref
(AD)PCM /
ISDN
NUNI
PIPref
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
RSCS LAN
4203
M
S,
t,S
RL
HF
Tx
HF Tx
4538 ARC
4203
HF
Tx UNCLASS
RSCS LAN
NGCS
(AD)PCM /
UNCLASSIFIED
ISDN
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
SUB VLF Tx Site
AST
OADC
LF B R
Br
oa
VLF
Tx
VLF Tx
VLF
Tx UNCLASS
st
,B
LO
S
Ba
ck
VLF
Rx
up
Li
(AD)PCM /
ISDN
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
RCS LAN
SUB VLF Rx (OTAM)
SUB VLF OTAM
dc
a
NATO Amphibious Force
nk
UNCLASS
RCS LAN
(AD)PCM /
ISDN
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
Deployed
Land Force
s
UHF/SHF/
EHF/HSB
SATCOM
ISM
DCM
NATO Expanded Task
Force (NETF)
ELOS/LOS IP Subnetwork Relay
RSCS
RSCS LAN
BRASS HF Tx Site
HSB/SHF / UHF /
EHF SATCOM
ELOS/LOS Systems
Slide
17
NC3A-CISD-ACT-DGK-030506
4203
UNCLASS
Maritime Platform (Afloat or Pier-side)
HSB/SHF / UHF / EHF SATCOM ; BLOS/BRASS HF BROADCAST, MRL, SS
HF Rcv
4538 ARC
L
HF
SUBFOR
4203
HF
Rcv
re, MR
BME/PABX SNMP/IP
BRASS HF Rcv Site
HF
Rcv
O
TEL
HF IP/PPP
BRASS/ Client 5066
ACMS, BCS
OPERATOR
Z(T/R)
BRASS Sites: ACMS,
HF BCS & RSCS
RSCS; VLF
,
Platform LA
AN
Integrated
DVB Receiver/
Decoder
UNCLASS
UHF SATCOM
, MRL,
/Shore
HFSS-ARQ
S'5066 Ed. 1
VLF
HF
HF
(BCAST, (BDCST,
OTAM)
OTAM) SS/MRL
SGTs UHF/SHF/EHF UAR
Modems
HF
BRASS
End Sys.
HSB Transmitter
NATO SATCOM
Post 2000
fibre-optic
umblical
Z
Bulk
DVB-S Modulator
UNCLASS
MCCIS
MMHS
End Sys.
(4406)
CLASS
UNCLASS
UAR
and Ship
Ship-Shore
Shore System
HSB Sys.
UAR
IP/MPEG
Encapsulator
PIPref
ACP-127
HMTP/CFTP/
4406-E
NICE
Z
L
NATO Maritime HQs
(Ashore): e.g. CJTF, MCC,
SUBOPAUTH/BCA
SAR
NUNI
SIPref
ACMS Site LAN
MPS Server,
Broadcast Compliler
HF IP/PPP Client 5066
NATO Broadcast, MRL,
HSB
MCCIS
nationaldomain(s)
NATO
SGT
Sites
NUNI
PIP f
PIPref
CLASS
re
MMHS MPS/HSB
End Sys. Server
CLASS (4406)
NICE
Z
CLASS
UNCLASS
NUNI
Site LAN
Site LAN
VTC
(H.323)
National Defense
Network(s)
SIPref
ISDN/
PCM/
Audio
Site LAN
NUNI
SIP f
SIPref
ISDN/
PCM/
Audio
NUNI
ISDN
N/
PCM
M/
Audiio
SIPref
M
R
UNCLASSIFIED
NUNI
PIPref
CLASSIFIED
only a single instance of each site is shown.... multiple instances are supported as needed to meet operational architecture
Sh
ip
/S
ho
NICE SIPref
Z
NUNI
NUNI
PIPref
ISDN/
PCM/
Audio
NUNI
Mobile Ad-Hoc Network
18 November, 2003
Current HF Maritime Access Component
NATO General-Purpose-Segment Communication System (NGCS)
CLASS
MMHS
End Sys.
(4406)
Rcv’d: {ACP127}
CLASS
UNCLASS
VTC
(H.323)
HSB Theatre
Injection IP/MPEG Encapsulator
Site
MPS/HSB
Server
CLASS
MPS Server
NATO
SGT
Site
national
domain(s)
SGTs
• Broadcast and Ship-Shore
p
Stations
NATO SATCOM
• interface
TARE and AIFS
Postto
2000
NATO
Pierside
Interface
Module
EHF SATCOM
BDCST/
SHIP-SHORE
UHF/SHF/EHF
Modems
CLASS
UNCLASS
4285/4539
PSK
5030
MSK
Z
NICE
Bulk
AR
IP/PPP
HF IP/PPP
Client 5066
Z
Bulk
4285/4539
HFSS-ARQ
PSK
HMTP/ (S'5066
CFTP/
Ed.1)
4406-E
CLASS UNCLASS
ACP-127
ACP-127
ACP-127
Z
Bulk
ELOS/LOS Net Proc.
(S'5066 Ed. x, other)
HF Tx/Rx
4538 ARC
4285/4539 PSK
HF
Rcv
Z
Bulk
DCAST
F BROA
SUB VL
SUBFOR
4285/4539PSK
RSCS
4285/4539
PSK
SNMP/IP
Messaging only.
BME
RSCS LAN
ISDN
HF Rcv
4538 ARC
4203
HF
Rcv
RSCS LAN
UNCLASS
ADPCM /
ISDN
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
BRASS HF Tx Site
4203
HF
Tx
HF Tx
4538 ARC
HF Tx
UNCLASS
4203
RSCS LAN
NGCS
ADPCM /
ISDN
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
SUB VLF Tx Site
VLF
Tx
VLF Tx
VLF Tx
UNCLASS
RCS LAN
ADPCM /
ISDN
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
HF Rcv
4538 ARC
ELOS/LOS
HF/VHF/UHF HF/VHF/UHF
Systems
Modem(s)
Radio(s)
Maritime Platform
(Afloat or Pier-side)
Slide NC3A-CISD-ACT-DGK-011201
18
HF Tx/Rx
4538 ARC
Z(R)
Bulk
VTC
(H.323)
(H
323)
HF
Rcv
RL
ore, M
ip/Sh
st, Sh
a
c
d
roa
HF B
L
R
M
RL
,
M
re
S,
o
S
,
h
t
/S
as
ip
dc
oa
Sh
r
B
F
H
HF
F
H
/E
F M
H O
/S TC
SB A
H S
MPS
Server
Black
Switch /
Mux
4203
MARAIR
UHF/SHF/EHF UHF/SHF/EHF HF Tx
SATCOM
Modem(s)
Bulk
BRASS HF Rcv Site
O/
SM O
TA TEL
MA
Z
Z
• Currently,
ACMS / FIP /
RSCS
RL
re, M
/Sho
Ship
HSB Sys.
Integrated
DVB Receiver/
Decoder
IP/PPP
MCCIS
Platfo
orm LAN
Z(T)
Bulk
No attachments
UHF SATCOM
CLASS
BRASS
End Sys.
Z(T)
BRASS/
ACMS
OPERATOR
HFSS-ARQ
S'5066 Ed. 1
VLF
Bulk
SHF SATCOM
HF
MMHS
End Sys.
(4406)
HMTP/CFTP/
4406-E
HSB Sys.
High-Speed
Broadcast Satellite
Z
NICE
HF IP/PPP Client 5066
ACP-127
AR
CLASS
Modulator
Z
• AIFS GWDVB-S
to ACP-127,
translating:
UNCLASS
Bulk
• SMTP, HSB
ACP12x,
etc.
Transmitter
NATO Maritime HQ (Ashore)
ACMS Site LAN
Site LAN
NICE
Z
ISDN/
ADPCM/
Audio
National
In-Port
Network
MCCIS
Site LAN
ISDN/
ADPCM/
Audio
Site LAN
ISDN/
ADPCM/
Audio
NICE
Z
National
Defense
Network
CLASS
Sent: {{SMTP,, ACP127}}
ELOS/LOS IP
Subnetwork Relay
• BRASS modems currently specified using S’4285
NATO Expanded
Force (NETF)
to 2.4Task
kbps
18 November, 2003
BRASS Capability in 2004
Reitan
Other
Domains:
Noordwick
Mill Cove (CA)
Norfolk (US) ??
Jaatta
Zeebrugge
Aarhus
GluecksburgGdynia
Northwood
Madrid
Azores
(PO)
Paris
NGCS
O i
Oeiras
Lisbon
Cadiz
Rome
Ankara
Naples
Athens
Slide 19
18 November, 2003
BRASS Capability in 2005
Reitan
Other Domains:
Norfolk (USA) ??
Noordwick
Mill Cove (CA)
Jaatta
Zeebrugge
Aarhus
NGCS
Gluecksburg Gdynia
Northwood
Madrid
Azores
(PO)
Paris
NGCS
Lisbon
Cadiz
Rome
Ankara
Naples
Athens
Slide 20
18 November, 2003
BRASS Capability in 2006/7…
Reitan
Other Domains:
Norfolk (USA) ??
Noordwick
Mill Cove (CA)
Jaatta
Zeebrugge
Aarhus
Gluecksburg Gdynia
Northwood
Paris
Madrid
Azores
(PO)
NGCS
Lisbon
Cadiz
Rome
Ankara
Naples
Athens
Slide 21
18 November, 2003
HF Maritime Access Component - BRASS ICC
NATO General-Purpose-Segment
Communication System (NGCS)
Sent: {X.400, SMTP, ACP127}
NICE
Z
ACMS Site LAN
Site LAN
NICE
Z
Rcv’d: { SMTP, ACP127}
National
Defense
Network
National
In-Port
Network
MCCIS
CLASS
UNCLASS
VTC
(H.323)
MMHS
End Sys.
(4406)
NATO
SGT
HSB Theatre
Site
•Injection
ACMS -IP/MPEG
GWEncapsulator
to ACP-127,
Site
MPS/HSB
Server
CLASS
national
domain(s)
SGTs
EHF SATCOM
UHF SATCOM
HF
BRASS
End Sys.
Platfo
orm LAN
MPS
Server
Z
Bulk
4285/4539
PSK
HFSS-ARQ
HMTP/ (S'5066
CFTP/
Ed.1)
4406-E
CLASS UNCLASS
ACP-127
ACP-127
ACP-127
Z
Bulk
VTC
(H.323)
(H
323)
ELOS/LOS Net Proc.
(S'5066 Ed. x, other)
HF Tx/Rx
4538 ARC
4285/4539 PSK
HF
Rcv
Z
Bulk
Z
Bulk
4285/4539
PSK
5030
MSK
Black
Switch /
Mux
RSCS
4285/4539
PSK
SNMP/IP
BME
ACMS / FIP /
RSCS
RSCS LAN
4203
HF
Rcv
DCAST
F BROA
SUB VL
SUBFOR
4285/4539PSK
ISDN
HF Rcv
4538 ARC
4203
HF
Rcv
RSCS LAN
UNCLASS
ADPCM /
ISDN
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
NGCS
• Messaging only.
BRASS HF Tx Site
4203
HF
Tx
HF Tx
4538 ARC
HF Tx
UNCLASS
ADPCM /
ISDN
• Attachments
4203
RSCS LAN
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
when
using S’5066
SUB VLF Tx Site
VLF
Tx
ADPCM /
ISDN
ARQ modes
VLF Tx
VLF Tx
UNCLASS
RCS LAN
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
HF Rcv
4538 ARC
ELOS/LOS
HF/VHF/UHF HF/VHF/UHF
Systems
Modem(s)
Radio(s)
Maritime Platform
(Afloat or Pier-side)
Slide NC3A-CISD-ACT-DGK-011201
22
HF Tx/Rx
4538 ARC
Z(R)
Bulk
CLASS
UNCLASS
BRASS/
ACMS
OPERATOR
BRASS HF Rcv Site
RL
ore, M
ip/Sh
st, Sh
a
c
d
roa
HF B
L
R
M
RL
,
M
re
S,
o
S
,
h
t
/S
as
ip
dc
oa
Sh
r
B
F
H
HF
F
H
/E
F M
H O
/S TC
SB A
H S
MMHS
End Sys.
(4406)
IP/PPP
HF IP/PPP
Client 5066
Z(T)
Bulk
MARAIR
UHF/SHF/EHF UHF/SHF/EHF HF Tx
SATCOM
Modem(s)
Bulk
AR
Z(T)
RL
re, M
/Sho
Ship
O/
SM O
TA TEL
MA
Z
HFSS-ARQ
S'5066 Ed. 1
VLF
Bulk
SHF SATCOM
HSB Sys.
Integrated
DVB Receiver/
Decoder
IP/PPP
MCCIS
BDCST/
SHIP-SHORE
UHF/SHF/EHF
Modems
CLASS
Z
NICE
HMTP/CFTP/
4406-E
HSB Transmitter
HSB Sys.
High-Speed
Broadcast Satellite
Z
NICE
HF IP/PPP Client 5066
ACP-127
AR
CLASS
translating:
DVB-S Modulator
Z
UNCLASS
Bulk
• X.400, SMTP, ACP12x, etc.
NATO Maritime HQ (Ashore)
• Broadcast and Ship-Shore
(BRASS) System
• Automated
NATO
Control and
Pierside
NATO SATCOM
Interface
Management
System
Post
2000
Module
• Remote Control and
Supervisory System
• Adds STANAG 5066
• ARQ & multicast protocols
(Annex A-D bearer
requirements)
• HMTP/CFTP mail w/
attachments (Annex F
informal messaging)
MPS Server
ISDN/
ADPCM/
Audio
Site LAN
ISDN/
ADPCM/
Audio
Site LAN
CLASS
ISDN/
ADPCM/
Audio
CLASS
ELOS/LOS IP
Subnetwork Relay
• BRASS modems currently specified using S’4285
NATO Expanded
Force (NETF)
to 2.4Task
kbps
18 November, 2003
Enhanced HF Maritime Access Component
NATO Sent:
General-Purpose-Segment
Communication System (NGCS)
{IP, X.400, SMTP, ACP127}
NICE
Z
ACMS Site LAN
Site LAN
NICE
Z
Rcv’d:
CLASS {IP, X.400, SMTP, ACP127}
National
Defense
Network
National
In-Port
Network
MCCIS
VTC
(H.323)
MMHS
End Sys.
(4406)
MPS/HSB
Server
CLASS
•
NATO Maritime HQ (Ashore)
UNCLASS
HSB Theatre
Injection IP/MPEG Encapsulator
Site
w/ IP enhancements
DVB-S Modulator
High-Speed
Broadcast Satellite
CLASS
• HF- EMAC
C (BRASS
(
SS , plus):
p us)
NATO SATCOM
• high-speed
Post 2000to 9.6 kbps
• S’4406-E &/or ESMTP
• IP-over-HF • ALE/ALM
EHF SATCOM
Z
NICE
IP/PPP
MCCIS
HF
MPS
Server
UHF/SHF/EHF UHF/SHF/EHF HF Tx
SATCOM
Modem(s)
Z
Bulk
4285/4539
HFSS-ARQ
PSK
HMTP/ (S'5066
CFTP/
Ed.1)
4406-E
CLASS UNCLASS
ACP-127
Z
Bulk
HF Tx/Rx
4538 ARC
HF Tx/Rx
4538 ARC
4285/4539 PSK
HF
Rcv
Z
Bulk
4285/4539PSK
Z
Bulk
ELOS/LOS
HF/VHF/UHF HF/VHF/UHF
Systems
Modem(s)
Radio(s)
(Afloat or Pier-side)
Black
Switch /
Mux
SNMP/IP
BME
HF Rcv
4538 ARC
4203
HF
Rcv
RSCS LAN
UNCLASS
4203
HF
Tx
HF Tx
4538 ARC
HF Tx
UNCLASS
4203
RSCS LAN
RSCS LAN
ISDN
ADPCM /
ISDN
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
BRASS HF Tx Site
DCAST
F BROA
SUB VL
RSCS
4285/4539
PSK
Advanced
g g
ACMS / FIP / Messaging
RSCS
(S’4406-E /
BRASS HF Rcv Site
ESMTP) w/
attachments
5030
MSK
NGCS
ADPCM /
ISDN
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
SUB VLF Tx Site
VLF
Tx
VLF Tx
VLF Tx
UNCLASS
RCS LAN
ADPCM /
ISDN
SNMP/IP/
PPP/ISDN
HF Rcv
4538 ARC
• STANAG 4539ELOS/LOS
- ‘High-Speed’
HF circuits to 9.6 kbps
Net Proc.
(S'5066 Ed. x, other)
• BRASS currently specified
S’4285 to 2.4 kbps
Maritimeusing
Platform
Slide NC3A-CISD-ACT-DGK-011201
23
CLASS
UNCLASS
HF
Rcv
RL
ore, M
ip/Sh
st, Sh
a
c
d
roa
HF B
L
R
M
RL
,
M
re
S,
o
S
,
h
t
/S
as
ip
dc
oa
Sh
r
B
F
H
HF
SUBFOR
Z(R)
Bulk
VTC
(H.323)
(H
323)
Z(T)
Bulk
MARAIR
Z
ACP-127
ACP-127
Z(T)
4203
O/
SM O
TA TEL
MA
IP/PPP
HF IP/PPP
Client 5066
RL
re, M
/Sho
Ship
F
H
/E
F M
H O
/S TC
SB A
H S
Platfo
orm LAN
UHF SATCOM
BRASS/
ACMS
OPERATOR
HFSS-ARQ
S'5066 Ed. 1
VLF
Bulk
4285/4539
PSK
UHF/SHF/EHF
Modems
HSB Sys.
Integrated
DVB Receiver/
Decoder
Bulk
AR
BRASS
End Sys.
Z
SHF SATCOM
Z
NICE
MMHS
End Sys.
(4406)
HMTP/CFTP/
4406-E
BDCST/
SHIP-SHORE
CLASS
SGTs
HF IP/PPP Client 5066
ACP-127
AR
UNCLASS
• IP-over-HF ship/shore circuits
Bulk
HSB Transmitter
HSB
Sys.
using
STANAG
5066
national
domain(s)
NATO
Pierside
Interface
Module
NATO
SGT
Site
MPS Server
ISDN/
ADPCM/
Audio
Site LAN
ISDN/
ADPCM/
Audio
Site LAN
CLASS
ISDN/
ADPCM/
Audio
CLASS
ELOS/LOS IP
Subnetwork Relay
NATO Expanded Task Force (NETF)
18 November, 2003
Summary
• NATO currently uses HF:
• for maritime broadcast and ship-shore (ACP-127 text messaging only)
• HF e-mail
il + ARQ (FED-STD-1052+)
(FED STD 1052+) and
d STANAG 4285/4539 to
t NAEW
aircraft (selective usage)
• land forces voice co-ordination circuits, RATT
• NATO Plans to use HF:
• maritime forces
–for IP-over-HF operation
–MMHS and informal e-mail
–web-access
b
and
d data-base
d t b
replication
li ti
–adoption of ACP200 / inclusion in BRASS Enhancement Increments
• airforces (via requirements for SCOPE Command Interoperability)
–HF e-mail + ARQ + ALE ((STANAG 5066 + MIL-STD-188-141A))
–web/database access
• land forces
–IP-over-HF operation
–on-the-move
on the move BLOS and backup links to DCMs
–tactical forces (via BOWMAN and TACOMS 2000 efforts)
Slide 24
18 November, 2003
Summary/Conclusion
• The HF House Concept:
• provides an ‘iconic’ summary of the current suite of NATO standards pertaining
to HF radio communications
• has served to organize and focus HF Comm requirements by:
– EPM / non-EPM environments
– functional area (e.g., ALE / ALM, ARQ)
– legacy, emerging, and future standards
• provides a road-map
road map for development
• allows users to match their requirements to the available/planned technologies
Slide 25
3G, ARCS
Clear voice and traffic waveforms : S4203,
S4197, S4285, S4415, S4539, MS110, etc.
KEY
ALM
ARQ
S4444
ACS ALE
EPM
LSU
S4538
S50666
2G
ARQ
Burst
waveeforms
Physical Layer
2G
ALE
8F
FSK
Network Layer
y
Link Layer
Subnetwork
service interface
S5066, S4538
MS141 (appx A)
(interface to
higher ISO
layers)
EPM
waveforms
f
2G: second generation 3G: third generation Snnnn: STANAG MSnnn: Mil-Std
18 November, 2003
Growth / Renovation Issues and Challenges
• Operational Requirements
• ‘must-go-faster’
‘if you build it they will come’
• net-centric / plug & play
because we’re all getting wired …
• automated / ease of use
and none of use can program
our clocks or phones
• Civil-Market Forces
• Power Line Communications
‘ a little less noise out there !’
• Digital Radio Mondiale
I’ve gotta get me some of that!
(bandwidth!!)
• Frequency Management Challenges
Well, why can’t I? THEY can!!
• Technical Capabilities / Constraints
• ‘yeah, we can do that … ’
Manage expectations/
reduce disruptions
• ‘but you’ll have to … {change, give up , add}
Slide 26
18 November, 2003
BLOSCOMMS AHWG Extracts from Decision Sheet of June 2004
• BLOSCOMMS AHWG p
plans to provide
p
a draft HF
Handbook by 4Q2004;
• HF channel banding techniques are needed to
supportt hi
higher
h bit rates
t (upto
( t 64 Kbps);
Kb )
• the AHWG/1 is prepared to include IPv6
functionality into the HF STANAGs;
• improvements of VLF MSK Broadcast (STANAG
5030) HF Broadcast (STANAG 4481) based on the
Digital Radio Mondiale project are being considered
• Future HF Policy Workshop scheduled w/ next
BLOSCOMMS AHWG Meeting
Slide 27
18 November, 2003
An Overview of the “HF House” Suite
of STANAGs – Backup Slides
Donald G. Kallgren
Communication and Information Systems Division –
Applied CIS Technology Branch
voice: 31 70 374 3442
fax: 31 70 374 3049
D
Donald.Kallgren@nc3a.nato.int
ld K ll
@ 3
t i t
28
NATO UNCLASSIFIED