Paper guide Archivo - IES Alonso de Madrigal

Teachers:
Spanish team
Valentina Cuadrado, coordinator
Asunción de Álvaro.
Hortensia García.
Ricardo González-Tablas.
José Ramón Ladrero.
Antonio Martín.
Lorenzo Piera.
Mª Jesús Terrón.
Students:
Students in 4th ESO, 1st. Bachillerato in
School Years: 2006-2007, 2007-2008,
2008-2009
Thanks to:
Town Hall and Regional Education
Authorities in Ávila. School
Management, Out-of-school Activities
Department and Parents.
Teachers:
Polish team
Izabela Kołodziejczyk, coordinator
Ilona Olchawa, coordinator
Barbara Parvi
Małgorzata Jaskiewicz
Julita Depta
Grazyna Widera
Jolanta Argier
Katarzyna Rybak
Przemyslaw Szpryngiel
Students:
Students in 1st, 2nd , 3rd Secondary
School years: 2006-2007, 2007-2008,
2008-2009
The Romanian Team
Teachers:
Postolache Ioan- coordinator
Vasilescu Irina
Dinu Mioara
Hera Violeta
Dragnea Mirela
Postolache Mariana
Pupils:
School-year 2006-2007: class 7A, 8C
School-year 2007-2008: class 8A, 6A
School-year 2008-2009: class 8A, 7A
Thanks to:
teachers Popa Rodica and Luca Cornelia
French team
Coordinators :
Anne Bréard / Carole Dupont
Teachers involved :
Béatrice Le roux
Xavier Thommassin / Xavier Lafague
Marie Bayard
Clotilde Spatz
Carine Blanchet
Students :
Classes de TBEP ET, MSMA, Les Bac
Professionnels tertiaires et industriels,
2TB, 1IME
We would like to thank all the school
staff, the directors and the students’
families.
Teachers:
Italian team
Marianna Mercuri, coordinator.
Edmondo Magnelli.
Rosario Suglia.
Francesca Grilli.
Students:
In school year 2006-2007: students in
3rd Dt, 3rd At, 2nd D, 3rd Em. In school
year 2007-2008: students in 4th D. 4th
At, 3rd G ITER. In school year 20082009: students in 5th D, 5th At, 3rd G
ITER, a group from 4th F ITER.
Thanks to:
I.T.C. A. de Viti de Marco school.
Students' families.
http://www.pli-europe.es
The table of contents:
Country
pages
Spain
4-23
07-ESP01-CO06-01307-2
Poland
24-43
07-POL01-CO06-00085-2
Romania
44-63
COM-07PM-260-B-ES
France
64-83
Italy
84-103
07-ITA01-CO06-00888-2
Dictionary
104
IES “Alonso de Madrigal”
4
Contents:
Contenidos:
Geography.
History.
Places and monuments:
Corneja and Tormes Valley:
Bonilla de la Sierra.
Piedrahíta.
Barco de Ávila.
Moraña Land:
Arévalo
Madrigal de las Altas Torres.
Amblés Valley:
Ulaca.
Ávila Mountain Range: La Coba
Ávila.
Tiétar Valley:
Arenas de San Pedro
Candeleda
Cuevas del Aguila
Las Cinco Villas
Puerto del Pico
Personalities:
Santa Teresa
Claudio Sánchez Albornoz
George Santayana
J.L. Aranguren.
San Juan de la Cruz
Alonso de Madrigal
Guido Caprotti
J.M. Lopez Mezquita
Benjamín Palencia
T. L. De Victoria
“El Chava”
Adolfo Suarez
Emilio Romero
Isabel de Castilla
Gastronomy
Leisure and events:
Traditional festivities:
Avila celebrations
Burgohondo
Carnivals in Cebreros
Muñosancho festivities
Medieval market
The legends Tour
Avila with the comic books
Leisure:
Aeroclub in Avila
Activities in Gredos
Canoeing in Avila
Micologic walks in Avila
Naturavila
Paintball
Rafting in Avila
Indoors
Geografia.
Historia.
Lugares y monumentos:
Valle del corneja y del Tormes:
Bonilla de la Sierra.
Piedrahíta.
Barco de Ávila.
La Moraña
Arévalo
Madrigal de las Altas Torres.
Valle Amblés:
Ulaca.
Sierra de Avila.
Ávila.
Valle del Tietar:
Arenas de San Pedro
Candeleda
Cuevas del Águila
Las Cinco Villas
Puerto del Pico
Personalidades:
Santa Teresa
Claudio Sánchez Albornoz
George Santayana
J.L. Aranguren.
San Juan de la Cruz
Alonso de Madrigal
Guido Caprotti
J.M. Lopez Mezquita
Benjamín Palencia
T. L. De Victoria
“El Chava”
Adolfo Suarez
Emilio Romero
Isabel de Castilla
Gastronomía
Ocio y acontecimientos:
Fiestas tradicionales:
Celebraciones de Avila
Burgohondo
Carnavales en Cebreros
Fiestas de Muñosancho
Mercado Medieval
Ronda de las Leyendas
Avila con los comics.
Ocio:
Aeroclub en Avila
Actividades en Gredos
Piragüismo
Paseos micológicos en Avila
Naturávila
Paintball
Rafting
Actividades cubiertas
5
Geography
Geografía
Ávila is a Spanish province located more
or less in the centre of Spain in Castilla
y León.
It is divided into areas: La Moraña
where Arévalo and Madrigal de las Altas
Torres are the most important villages.
Amblés
Valley and Ávila Mountain
Range where Ávila, the town, is and
where the main vetton settlements are.
Corneja and Tormes Valleys with Bonilla
de la Sierra, Piedrahíta y Barco de Ávila
as the most important villages. Tiétar
Valley with villages like: Arenas de San
Pedro, Candeleda, Las Cinco Villas and
places like Cuevas del Águila and Puerto
del Pico.
Ávila es una provincia española situada
aproximadamente en el centro de
España en Castilla y León.
Está dividida en comarcas: La Moraña,
en la que Arévalo y Madrigal de las Altas
Torres son los pueblos más importantes.
El Valle Amblés y La Sierra de Ávila
donde está ubicada Ávila ciudad y
donde se encuentran los principales
castros vetones. Los Valles del Corneja
y del Tormes con Bonilla de la Sierra,
Piedrahíta y Barco de Ávila como
pueblos principales. El Valle del Tiétar
con pueblos como: Arenas de San Pedro,
Candeleda, Las Cinco Villas y lugares
como Las Cuevas del Águila y el Puerto
del Pico.
Los principales rios son Adaja, Tormes,
Alberche y Tiétar.
Una de las características geográficas
más impresionantes de la provincia
es la Sierra de Gredos en el Valle del
Tormes.
El clima es Mediterráneo con variaciones
en las distintas comarcas.
The most important rivers are Adaja,
Tormes, Alberche and Tiétar.
One of the most impressive geographical
characteristics in the province is Gredos
Mountains in Tormes Valley.
The climate is Mediterranean with
variations according to the different
lands.
The main human activity is agriculture
and cattle raising. The most important
economical resource in the province is
tourism.
Las principales actividades humanas
son la agricultura y la ganadería. El
recurso económico más importante de la
provincia es el turismo.
History
Historia
Named from several tribes and peoples
living here: Vettons called it Obila
(high mount) ; Romans called it Abila or
Abela.
El nombre de Ávila proviene de varias
tribus y pueblos que vivieron aquí:
los Vettones la callaron Obila (monte
alto); los romanos la denominaron Abila
6
Then Visigoths arrived. And after them,
Muslims invaded Ávila.
After three centuries, Ávila was
uninhabited because of the great
number of expeditions and destruction
in the fields.
When Christians conquered it again
the population increased. Alfonso
VI ordered Raimundo de Borgoña to
repopulate the province..
Later on there was a Castillian civil
war and a great decadence started.
Population dropped again. In the XVI
century the town had a good moment
such as the number of palaces and
convents shows.
The crisis in the XVII century was felt
in the town and once again, in the XVIII
century, the opening of the cotton
factory helped the economical activity
recovery.
The town did not have economical
activities in the XIX century and it
recovered in XX century.
o Abela. Luego llegaron los visigodos
y después de ellos, la invadieron los
árabes.
Después de tres siglos, Ávila quedó
despoblada debido a las muchas
expediciones y destrucción de los
campos.
Cuando los cristianos la reconquistaron
la población aumentó. Alfonso VI mandó
a Raimundo de Borgoña que repoblara la
provincia.
Más tarde hubo una guerra civil en
Castilla y comenzó un período de
decadencia. La población volvió a
disminuir. En el siglo XVI la ciudad tuvo
su gran momento tal y como lo muestra
el número de palacios y conventos.
La crisis del siglo XVII se dejó sentir
en la ciudad y otra vez más, en el
siglo XVIII, la apertura de la fábrica
de algodón ayudó en la recuperación
económica.
La ciudad redujo la actividad económica
en el siglo XIX recuperándose en el
siglo XX.
Places and Monuments
Lugares y Monumentos
Corneja and Tormes Valleys
Bonilla de la Sierra, located between
Valles del Corneja y del Tormes
Bonilla de la Sierra, pueblo situado
two mountains, 1079 metres high and
52 km from Ávila. Known because the
bishop Alonso de Madrigal, philosopher,
astronomer and writer lived and died
there. Its main important monuments
are The Walls, and San Martín
entre dos cadenas montañosas, en el
Valle; a 1079 metros de altura, y a 52
km de Ávila. Famoso porque el obispo
Alonso de Madrigal, filósofo, astrónomo
y escritor vivió y murió allí.
Sus monumentos más importantes son:
7
Las Murallas y la Iglesia Colegiata de
San Martín hermosamente decorada.
Piedrahíta,
antiguo asentamiento
vetón situado al Sur de Ávila con una
población de 3000 habitantes hoy. En el
918 el conde Fernán González derrotó a
los musulmanes y Doña Berenguela, reina
de Castilla, estableció allí la corte.
Francisco de Goya visitó la ciudad donde
pintó “El verano” y “La Vendimia”
Algunos monumentos importantes son:
La Plaza de España, el Palacio de la Casa
de Alba, el Torreón, el Convento de las
Carmelitas y la Iglesia de Santa María
la Mayor.
Barco de Ávila, situado cerca de la
sierra de Gredos. Limita con Salamanca
y Cáceres, tiene 5000 habitantes.
Destacan los siguientes monumentos:
el Castillo, Casa de los Balcones, Casa
del Reloj, la Calle Gallareta, el Puente
Romano, la Ermita de San Pedro del
Barco y la del Santísimo Cristo del
Caño, la Iglesia de la Asunción, de estilo
gótico.
Collegiate Church with really beautiful
decorations.
Piedrahíta, an old vetton village in the
South of Ávila, with 3000 inhabitants.
In 918 the Muslims were defeated
by “Conde Fernán González” and
Doña Berenguela, queen of Castilla,
established her home here. Goya visited
the village,where he painted “El Verano”
and “La Vendimia”.
Important monuments are: Plaza España,
The Alba House Palace, The Tower,
Carmelitas Convent, Santa María la
Mayor Church.
Barco de Ávila, located near Gredos
Mountain Range bordering on Salamanca
and Cáceres, has 5000 inhabitants.
Important monuments are: the Castle,
Casa de los Balcones. Casa del Reloj.
Gallareta Road, Roman Bridge, San
Pedro del Barco hermitage, Santisimo
Cristo del Caño hermitage and Asunción
Church, in gothic style.
Moraña Land.
Arévalo, in the north of Ávila, between
La Moraña
Árevalo, situado en el norte de Ávila,
Adaja and Arevalillo rivers. It’s 827
metres high. Inhabited since Celtic
times, Romans, Visigoths and Muslims
invaded this area too. Conquered and
repopulated during the kingdom of
Alfonso VI in 1090.
In the Middle Ages over a period of
prosperity, the Arabs, Christians and
Jewish coexisted in Arévalo, producing
important mudejar style monuments.
a 827 metros de altura entre los ríos
Adaja y Arevalillo.
Habitado desde la época de los celtas,
fue también invadido por los romanos,
visigodos y musulmanes. Reconquistado
y repoblado durante el reinado de
Alfonso VI en 1090.
En la Edad Media, en un periodo de
prosperidad, los árabes, cristianos
y judíos convivieron en Arévalo,
produciendo importantes monumentos
de estilo mudéjar.
Madrigal de las Altas Torres,
situado en el centro de la comarca de
la Moraña. Tiene Murallas formadas
por 20 torres de las 100 que tenía
antiguamente, dos iglesias de estilo
mudéjar y un hospital que fue construído
en el siglo XV. En Madrigal nacieron
Isabel la Católica, reina de España
durante los siglos XV y XVI, Alonso de
Madrigal y Vasco de Quiroga.
Madrigal de las Altas Torres, in
the middle of Moraña Land. It has
Walls with 20 of the 100 towers, two
“mudejar” churches and an old hospital
built in XV century. Isabel la Católica
(queen of Spain between XV and XVI
century), Alonso de Madrigal and Vasco
de Quiroga were born there.
Amblés Valley
Ulaca, a vetton settlement near
Valle Amblés
Ulaca, castro
vetón, cerca de
Solosancho. Habitado por los vetones
en el siglo VIII A.C. Tiene una muralla
construida para defender el pueblo. Las
casas son de piedra, y los tejados están
hechos de ramas, madera, ...
Solosancho, inhabited by vettons in
the VIII century A.D. It has a wall
built to defend the village. The houses
were made of stone with roofs made of
branches, wood, …
8
La coba Necropolis at San Juan
del Olmo
Necrópolis de La Coba en San
Juan del Olmo
There are around 34 tombs at La
Coba necropolis, excavated on granite
flat stones and arranged in three
settlements.
They are located on both banks of the
river Almar and supposed to be Christian
burial areas in small village communities
scattered in the mountains who lived
from livestock. These communities were
out of the main influence sites keeping
a lot of archaic structures.
Due to the lack of room the tombs do
not follow the Christian rule concerning
direction.
However, this difference has also been
explained as something archaic among
remote communities that went on with
their pagan rites.
En la necrópolis de La Coba hay
alrededor de 34 sepulturas, excavadas
en lanchas de granito y ordenadas en
tres asentamientos.
Ubicadas en ambas riveras del río
Almar y posiblemente enterramientos
cristianos de comunidades pequeñas
repartidas por las montañas que vivían
del ganado. Estas comunidades estaban
fuera de los lugares de influencia
principal, por lo tanto mantuvieron
estructuras arcaicas.
Debido a la falta de espacio, estas
tumbas no siguen la norma cristiana en lo
que se refiere a la orientación. Aunque
también se ha explicado esta diferencia
como algo arcaico entre comunidades
remotas que siguieron manteniendo
ritos paganos
Ávila
Ávila
Declared monument of the humanity by
UNESCO in 1985.
The Walls,of Roman origin, designed by
Casandro Colonio and Florín de Pituenga
in 1090 are the most outstanding
monument.
With nine gates: Alcazar Gate in the
“Grande”, Peso de la Harina Gate, San
Vicente Gate, Mariscal Gate in the
north, Malaventura Gate, Carmen Gate,
Santa Gate, Bridge Gate in the south
and Rastro Gate.
Declarada Monumento de la Humanidad
por la UNESCO en 1985.
Las Murallas, de origen Romano,
diseñadas por Casandro Colonio y Florín
de Pituenga en 1090, son el monumento
más destacado.
Tienen nueve puertas: la Puerta del
Alcázar, en el “Grande”, la del Peso de
la Harina , la puerta de San Vicente, la
Puerta del Mariscal esta en el norte de
la muralla, la de La Mala Ventura, la del
Carmen, la de La Santa, la del Puente, la
del Rastro.
Romanesque churches
Iglesias Románicas
9
La
Magdalena, preserving two
Romanesque fronts and a set of chairs
from the choir.
San Martín, located in the North of
Ávila, probably built on another older
church, formed by three parts: the
tower, the apse and three naves. In
the biggest chapel there is a baroque
altarpiece of salomonic columns. The
ceiling of the chapel is painted. On the
right a human skull and a sculpture of
Santa Teresa can be seen.
In the lower part there are two
identical altars with two pictures which
represent San Pedro Alcántara and San
Pedro. The most famous picture is about
“San Martín”.
San Pedro, built outside the Walls
opposite the Alcazar Gate and dedicated
to the first Pope. Construction started
in 1100. The East façade has three
apses with scant decoration. The North
façade is divided in five parts with
large windows in four of them. The
door on the West façade is protected
by four pillars. Divided in three aisles,
the altarpiece in the main apse is
Renaissance style and the one in the
Gospel side is Baroque.
San
Segundo, built by the river
in the XII century. The South door
is semicircular with columns, a rose
window and decorated capitals.
Santa María de la Antigua, a
monastery built in the Visigoth period,
restored in 1469 by Juan Nuñez Davila
Santo Tomé, from the second part of
the XII century with three naves, two
pillars and vaults with diagonal arches.
In the West façade a gate with
semicircular
arches
has
been
preserved.
San Vicente, built between XI and
XII centuries. It is both Romanesque
and Gothic because of the period it was
built in. It’s in honour of the martyrs
San Vicente and his two sisters. It’s
almost a cathedral. In the basilica the
tomb of San Vicente, Sabina y Cristeta
is. It is located in the transept of the
church. Under the Christ there is the
“rosa juradera” or swearing rose to
celebrate lawsuits as San Vicente was a
La
Magdalena, con dos portadas
Románicas y una sillería del coro.
San Martín, al Norte de Ávila,
probablemente construida sobre otra
iglesia más antigua, formada por tres
partes: la torre, el ábside y tres naves.
En la capilla más grande hay un retablo
barroco con columnas salomónicas. El
techo está cubierto con pinturas. A
la derecha se puede ver una calavera
humana y una estatua de Santa Teresa.
En la parte inferior hay dos altares
idénticos con dos cuadros que
representan a San Pedro de Alcántara y
a San Pedro. El cuadro más famoso es el
de San Martín.
San Pedro, construida fuera de las
Murallas frente a la Puerta del Alcazar
y dedicada al primer pontífice. La
construcción
empezó en 1100. La
fachada del este tiene tres ábsides
escasamente decorados. La fachada
norte está dividida en cinco partes con
ventanales en cuatro de ellas. La puerta
de la fachada oeste está protegida por
cuatro columnas. Dentro está dividida
en tres naves, el retablo del ábside
principal es de estilo renacentista y el
del lado del evangelio es barroco.
San Segundo, construida a orillas del
río Adaja en el siglo XII. La puerta sur,
es semicircular con columnas, rosetón y
capiteles decorados.
Santa María de la Antigua,
monasterio construido durante el
período visigodo, restaurado en 1469
por Juan Núñez Dávila.
Santo Tomé, de la segunda mitad del
siglo XII, con tres naves separadas, dos
pilares y bóvedas con arcos diagonales.
La fachada Oeste conserva una puerta
con arcos semicirculares.
San
Vicente, construida entre los
siglos XI y XII. De estilo románico y
gótico debido al momento en el que se
construyó en honor de San Vicentre y
sus dos hermanas. Es casi una catedral.
En la basílica está el cenotafio de
San Vicente, Santa Sabina y Santa
Cristeta. Está situado en el transepto
de la iglesia. Bajo el Cristo hay una rosa
juradera para celebrar juicios ya que
San Vicente fue iglesia juradera, lugar
10
swearing church, where the judge went
to prove the truth of his sayings.
San Andres, in the north of the town,
outside the Walls. It has an altarpiece
made by Vasco de la Zarza, Berruguete
and Juan de Borgoña.
The cathedral is in the centre of the
town. The first gothic cathedral in Spain.
Started in the XII century and finished
in the XIV century. The cathedral has
three doors. The one on the North has
a Christ, the Saviour and the apostles.
The cathedral combines the Gothic and
the Romanesque styles. The cathedral
makes part of the Walls.
Palaces
Serrano's
Palace, with coats of
donde el juez iba a probar la veracidad
de sus dictámenes.
San Andrés, en el norte de la ciudad y
fuera de las Murallas. Tiene un retablo
mayor de Vasco de la Zarza, Berruguete
y Juan de Borgoña.
La Catedral, está en el centro de
la ciudad. Primera catedral Gótica en
España. Empezada en el siglo XII y
terminada en el XIV.
La catedral
tiene tres puertas. La del Norte tiene
un Cristo Salvador y los Apóstoles.
Combina los estilos gótico y románico y
forma parte de las Murallas.
Palacios
Palacio de Los Serrano, con escudos
arms and an inscription from 1557 on
the façade. Over the door there is a
balcony which also has a coat of arms
between lions.
Polentinos Palace, built in the 16th
century with a well decorated façade
and columns with war symbols and a
beautiful cornice.
Velada Palace, built in the 16th
century by Carlos V. It’s Renaissance
style and its façade has an arch and a
big window.
Guzmanes Tower, a Renaissance
palace crowned by battlements, built in
the 16th century.
Deanes Palace, once the residence
of the Deanes nowadays the provincial
Museum. It has two floors, and a
Renaissance façade with columns.
Davilas Palace, a group with four
houses. The façade is made of stone.
There are also some arches and a coat
of arms.
y una inscripción 1557 en la fachada.
Encima de la puerta hay un balcón que
también tiene un escudo de armas entre
leones.
Palacio de Polentinos, construido
en el siglo XVI tiene una fachada muy
decorada
y columnas con símbolos
guerreros y una cornisa bella.
Palacio de Los Velada, construido
en el siglo XVI por Carlos V. Es
renacentista y su fachada tiene un arco
con un ventanal.
Torreón de Los Guzmanes, palacio
renacentista coronado por almenas,
construido en el siglo XVI.
Palacio de Los Deanes, residencia
de los deanes antiguamente, hoy es el
Museo Provincial. Tiene dos pisos, y una
fachada renacentista con columnas.
Palacio de Los Dávila, grupo de
cuatro edificios. La fachada es de
piedra. Tiene arcos y escudos de armas.
Tietar valley
Valle del Tiétar
In the South of Gredos. With very
steep slopes, due to water flowing. In
winter and autumn the snow covers
the top heights. There are important
monuments, for example the temples
in Arenas, some churches and a Roman
paved road.
Arenas de San Pedro, with natural
tours around the village:
Route of the fishermen takes 4 or 5
hours. It is 9 km. We leave the village
on the bridge “Los Llanos”, then we
follow until a fork where we can choose
whether to go to the old bridge of
Pelayos or the bridge of the Pozo
Al sur de Gredos. Con pendientes
empinadas debido a las escorrentías de
agua. La nieve cubre las cimas elevadas
en invierno y otoño. Hay monumentos
importantes, como los templos de
Arenas, iglesias y una calzada romana.
11
Arenas de San Pedro, con rutas
naturales alrededor del pueblo:
Ruta de los pescadores, dura 4 o 5
horas. Tiene 9 Km. Se sale del pueblo
por el puente “Los LLanos”, luego se
sigue hasta un cruce donde se puede
escoger ir al puente Pelayos o al puente
del Pozo Quirol.
Quirol.
Route Triana – The Lancharón lasts 3
hours. It is 7 km on 791 metres high.
The starting and ending points are in
“Triana”. In this place we have the old
medieval bridge.
Route shopkeeper's cross-Sanctuary
San Pedro of Alcántara takes 4 hours
and 30 minutes (7 km). We start the
route in the back part in the Palace of
Infante D. Luis of Borbón, around the
spring of the Venero. We can recover
in a wood bench, and if we continue,
we'll arrive to hill of the Shopkeeper's
cross.
Route old path of San Pedro-La Parra
lasts 2 hours. It is easy and short, just
3 km. The route starts in the same local
road that takes you to San Pedro of
Alcántara's Monastery and we continue
through a small bridge of the stream of
the Avellaneda.
Route The Torrejones takes 3 hours
and it's 6 km of circular route. We leave
the village in direction of the natural
swimming pools of the river.
Route The Berrocal-Stream Higuera
takes 1:30 hours to the stream Higuera
and the complete route lasts 2:30 hours.
It is 6,5 km and 682 metres high. We
begin the route in the path or road of
the forestal house. We follow the path
arriving at the place known as the “Pino
Come”.
The most important monument in Arenas
de San Pedro is The Sad Countess
Castle.
The castle has a square plant with
circular towers, one in every corner.
The people of the village made the
castle with their effort and their
money. Pimentel's family inherited the
castle that was an important residence
for the couple.
The first defensive exterior moat of
the castle is not preserved because
there were many wars and fires.
Inside the castle, there are stands and
a big scenery where cultural acts are
held.
The name is El Castillo de la Triste
Condesa because Juana de Pimentel,
after her husband´s death, signed
every letter with the name of “The Sad
Countess”.
Ruta Triana –El Lancharón dura 3 horas.
Tiene 7 km a 791 metros de altitud.
Los puntos de salida y llegada están en
“Triana”, donde hay un antiguo puente
medieval.
Ruta Cruz de la Tendera-Santuario
San Pedro de Alcántara dura 4 horas
y 30 minutos (7 km). Se empieza en la
trasera del Palacio del Infante D. Luis
de Borbón, alrededor del arroyo Venero.
Se descansa en un banco de madera y
se continua hasta llegar la la cima de la
Cruz de la Tendera.
Ruta Camino Viejo de San Pedro-La Parra
dura 2 horas. Es fácil y corta, sólo 3 Km.
Se empieza en la misma carretera local
que lleva al Monasterio de San Pedro
de Alcántara y se sigue por un puente
pequeño sobre el arroyo Avellaneda.
Ruta Los Torrejones dura 3 horas y son
6 km de ruta circular. Se deja el pueblo
en dirección a las piscinas naturales del
rio.
Ruta El Berrocal-Arroyo Higuera se
tardan 1:30 horas hasta el arroyo
Higuera y la ruta completa dura 2:30
horas. Tiene 6,5 km y está a 682
metros de altitud. Se empieza la ruta
en el camino a la casa rural. Se sigue el
camino hasta llegar al lugar conocido
como “Pino Come”.
El monumento más importante de Arenas
de San Pedro es El Castillo de la Triste
Condesa.
Tiene una plaza cuadrada con torres
circulares en las esquinas.
Los
habitantes
del
pueblo
lo
construyeron con su esfuerzo y dinero.
La familia Pimentel heredó el castillo
que fue una residencia de importancia
para la pareja.
El foso defensivo exterior no se
conserva debido a las muchas guerras e
incendios.
Dentro del castillo hay gradas y un
escenario grande donde se celebran
actos culturales.
Se llama El Castillo de la Triste Condesa
porque Juana de Pimentel, tras la
muerte de su marido, firmaba las cartas
con el nombre de La Triste Condesa.
Candeleda
Candeleda
12
The Raso ruins are an old Vetton
settlement discovered in 1931. It was
surrounded by a wall 1800 metres long.
About 1500 people used to live in this
settlement. The houses were built with
wood trunks, mud and straw.
Cuevas del Águila are in Arenas de
San Pedro 80 km from Ávila, 400 or
500 meters over sea level. There are
stalactites, stalagmites, sediments and
underwater rocks. The cavity is chalk.
The temperature is 20 degrees. It has
a big diversity of colours: white, yellow,
orange, red and brown.
Las ruinas del Raso pertenecen a un
castro vetón descubierto en 1931.
Estaba rodeado por murallas de 1800
metros de longitud. Alrededor de 1500
personas solían vivir en este castro. Las
casas eran de troncos, barro y paja.
Cuevas del Águila, están en Arenas
de San Pedro a 80 km de Ávila y a 400 o
500 metros sobre el nivel del mar. Hay
estalactitas, estalagmitas, sedimentos y
rocas subterráneas. La cueva es caliza.
La temperatura es de 20 grados. Tiene
una gran diversidad de colores: blanco,
amarillo, naranja, rojo y marón.
A typical Roman paved road to transport
freights and disseminate culture. 1,5
and 8 metres wide and about 12 km
long with a monolith every one thousand
steps.
Las Cinco Villas, five villages: Santa
Cruz del Valle, Villarejo del Valle,
Mombeltrán, Cuevas del Valle and San
Esteban del Valle.
The most popular building in Mombeltrán
is the Castle of Alburquerque. Las
Cuevas del Valle is associated with the
paved road in Puerto de el Pico.
Típica calzada romana para transportar
cargas y difundir cultura. Entre 1,5 y 8
metros de anchura y aproximadamente
12 km de longitud con un monolito cada
mil pasos.
Las Cinco Villas, cinco pueblos:
Santa Cruz del Valle, Villarejo del Valle,
Mombeltrán, Cuevas del Valle y San
Esteban del Valle.
La construcción más famosa es el Castillo
de Alburquerque en Mombeltrán.. Las
Cuevas del Valle se une con la calzada
romana en el Puerto de el Pico.
Personalities
Personalidades
Santa Teresa de Jesús, born in
Gotarrendura.
Writer,
Carmelites
reformer and Catholic church doctor.
De Gracia Convent, La Santa church,
San José and Encarnación Monasteries,
San Juan Bautista church, Cuatro
Postes are connected with her life.
Santa Teresa de Jesús, nació en
Claudio Sánchez Albornoz y
Meduiña, born in Madrid in 1893, with
Claudio Sánchez Albornoz y
nacido en
Madrid en
Meduiña,
El Puerto del Pico
El Puerto del Pico
Gotarrendura. Escritora, reformadora
del Carmelo y doctora de la iglesia
Católica. El Convento de Gracia , la
Iglesia de La Santa , los monasterios de
San José y de la Encarnación , la iglesia
de San Juan Bautista , los Cuatro Postes
son lugares conectados con su vida.
a degree in Philosophy and Letters,
professor and member of the Academy
of History. Delegate in Ávila in 1933,
vice-president of the Spanish Parliament
in 1936, Counselor of Public Instruction
and Ambassador of Spain in Lisbon.
During the Spanish civil war he was
exiled in Argentina where he founded
the Institute of History of Spain.
“Honoris Causa Doctor” by Bordeaux,
Ghent, Tübingen, Lima, Buenos Aires,
Oviedo. Awarded with the Golden medal
1893, licenciado
en Filosofía y
Letras, catedrático y miembro de la
Academia de la Historia.
Diputado
por Ávila en 1933, vice-presidente del
Parlamento español en 1936, Consejero
de Instrucción Pública y embajador de
España en Lisboa. Exhiliado en Argentina
durante la Guerra Civil española , fundó
el Instituto de Historia de España.
“Doctor Honoris Causa ” por Bordeaux,
Ghent, Tübingen, Lima, Buenos Aires,
Oviedo. Premiado con la Medalla de Oro
13
of the city of Ávila, the Great Cross
of Carlos III and Prince of Asturias of
Communication and Humanities. He died
on July 8, 1984 and was buried in the
Cloister of the Cathedral of Ávila.
George Santayana, born in Madrid
in 1863, his father moved to Ávila.
George’s mother had been married to
a Bostonian. Later his mother went to
Boston but George’s father took him
with his mother. Philosopher, poet and
novelist. He published a lot of works, for
example: “The life of the Reason”(19051906), joining science, art and religion.
“Scepticism and Animal Faith”(1923)
and “Realms of Being” (1942). He
distinguishes the material reality from
the essence. Santayana influenced the
American intellectuals. His style was a
combination of sensibility with rational
thought.
José Luis López-Aranguren, born in
Avila in 1909, an important philosopher
in Spain. He studied Law, Philosophy and
Arts.
Married and father of seven children.
He worked in several universities:
Madrid, California, Santa Barbara,
Los Angeles and México, retiring in
Madrid. He was interested in Catholic
religion. He published “Catholicism and
Protestantism as existence forms”,
where he studied the relation between
Catholicism and Protestantism with
Ethics. He said that we also had to defend
religious Ethics. In “Protestantism and
the Morale” the philosopher studies the
de la Ciudad de Ávila, la Gran Cruz de
Carlos III y el Príncipe de Asturias a la
Comunicación y Humanidades. Murió el 8
de julio de 1984 y fue enterrado en el
claustro de la catedral de Ávila.
Jorge Santayana, nació en Madrid
en 1863. Su padre se trasladó a Ávila.
La madre de Jorge había estado
casada con un americano de Boston.
Más tarde su madre volvió a Boston
pero el padre de Jorge le llevó con
su madre. Filósofo, poeta y novelista.
Publicó muchas obras, por ejemplo: “La
Vida de la Razón”(1905-1906), uniendo
ciencia, arte y religión. “Escepticismo
y Fe Animal”(1923) y “Reinos del
Ser” (1942). Distingue la realidad
material de la esencia.
Santayana
influyó en intelectuales americanos Su
estilo combina la sensibilidad con el
pensamiento racional.
José Luis López-Aranguren, nacido
en Avila en 1909, importante filósofo
español. Estudió Derecho, Filosofía y
Arte. Casado y padre de siete hijos,
trabajó en varias universidades: Madrid,
California, Santa Bárbara, Los Angeles
y México, jubilándose en Madrid.
Interesado en la religión católica,
publicó: “Catolicismo y Protestantismo
como formas de existencia”, donde
estudió la relación entre el Catolicismo y
el Protestantismo con la Ética. Opinaba
que teníamos que defender la ética
religiosa. En “Protestantismo y Moral”
el filósofo estudia la moral protestante
y su influencia en el pensamiento actual.
14
protestant morale and its influence in
today’s thought. In “Catholicism day by
day” he shows the first self-criticism
of the Catholicism in Spain.
He received a lot of prizes. He died in
1996 in Madrid from a heart attack.
San Juan de la Cruz, Spanish poet
born in Fontiveros (Ávila) in 1542.
He studied in Salamanca joining the
Carmelite order in 1563. Sent to prison
in Toledo where he spent nine months.
He died in Úbeda (1591).
His works in verse are intense and brief.
A poet with asceticism and mysticism
together with a clear accent of popular
character. His most popular poems are:
“La noche oscura del alma” “Llama de
amor viva” and “Cántico espiritual” based
on the “Cantar de los cantares”. Most
of his work in prose are commentaries
to his lyric work, exegesis. To “Noche
oscura del alma” he wrote “Subida al
monte Carmelo”. And in prose, “Avisos y
sentencias”, and “30 letters” outstand.
Alonso de Madrigal, called “El
Tostado” was born in Madrigal de las
Altas Torres in 1400. He was Juan
En “Catolicismo día a día” hace la primera
auto-crítica del Catolicismo en España.
Recibió muchos premios. Murió en
Madrid en 1996 de un ataque cardíaco.
San Juan de la Cruz, poeta español
nacido en Fontiveros (Ávila) en 1542.
Estudió en Salamanca haciéndose
Carmelita en 1563. Pasó nueve meses
en prisión en Toledo. Murió en Úbeda
(1591).
Su obra lírica es intensa y breve. Un
poeta ascético y místico junto con un
marcado acento popular. Sus poemas
más famosos son: “ La Noche oscura del
Alma”, “Llama de Amor viva” y “Cántico
espiritual” basado en el “Cantar de los
Cantares”. La mayor parte de su prosa
son comentarios a su producción lírica,
exégesis. Para “Noche oscura del alma”
escribió “Subida al monte Carmelo”. Y en
prosa sobresalen “Avisos y sentencias”
y “30 cartas”.
Alonso de Madrigal, llamado “El
Tostado” nació en Madrigal de las
Altas Torres in 1400. Fue consejero de
II´s councillor, bishop of Ávila and
vice chancellor of San Bartolomé Hall
of Residence in Salamanca. He wrote
in Latin and in Spanish defending the
council doctrine.
He died in 1455 in Bonilla de la Sierra,
and he was buried in the cathedral in
Ávila.
Guido Caprotti, born in Monza in 1887.
Juan II, obispo de Ávila y vicecanciller
del Colegio Mayor San Bartolomé de
Salamanca. Escribió en latín y en español
defendiendo la doctrina conciliar.
Murió en 1455 en Bonilla de la Sierra, y
está enterrado en la catedral de Ávila.
Guido Caprotti, nacido en Monza en
15
1887, permaneció en Ávila porque quedó
fascinado con su belleza durante una de
sus visitas a la ciudad.
Compró y restauró el palacio de
Superunda
convirtiéndolo
en
su
estudio y hogar. Influido por el postimpresionismo europeo, todas sus obras
son pinturas sobre Ávila. Su cuadro
más famoso es El Sereno, pero también
hizo retratos de la nobleza y de los
intelectuales expuestos en algunos de
los museos más famosos del mundo. Fue
profesor en Méjico. Murió en Ávila en
1966 y está enterrado en el cementerio
local.
López Mezquita, pintor del siglo XX
nacido en Granada, estudió arte en
Madrid. Viajó a Paris para aprender
nuevas técnicas. Regresó a Granada
donde pintó su trabajo más importante
“Mis Amigos”, así como retratos y
paisajes. Vivió en Ávila entre 1926 y
1951. Murió en Madrid en 1954.
Staying in Avila because he became
fascinated with its beauty during one
of his trips in the city.
He bought and restored the Superunda
palace turning it into his studio and
home. Influenced by the European
postimpressionism, all his works are
paintings about Avila. His most popular
painting is El Sereno, but he also made
portraits of the nobility and intellectuals
exhibited in some of the most popular
museums in the world. He was a teacher
in Mexico. He died in Avila in 1966 and
was buried in the local cemetery.
López
Mezquita, a XX century
painter born in Granada, he studied art
in Madrid. He travelled to Paris to learn
new techniques. He returned to Granada
where he painted his most important
work “Mis Amigos”, as well as portraits
and landscapes. Between 1926 and 1951
he lived in Ávila. He died in Madrid in
1954.
Benjamin Palencia, Spanish painter
born in Batas, Albacete, in 1894, moved
to Madrid when he was fourteen. He
became a realistic painter of landscapes.
He devoted his works to Castillian
landscapes . He received many awards.
His most important work was “Muleros”.
He died in 1980.
Tomás Luis de Victoria, born in
Avila in 1548. He became chorister
in the cathedral of Ávila. Later he
started his musical studies at the
Collegium Germanicum in Rome, under
the supervision of Palestrina, a music
and singing teacher. Singing teacher
in “Santa María de Monserrat” and
Palestrina’s sucessor as chapel teacher.
In 1573 he started to sing in parroquia
de Santiago and 2 years later he was
ordained as a priest. After leaving
the Collegium Germanicum he became
chaplain in San Girolamo della Cárita
joining famous musicians. Victoria’s
masterpiece, “the Officium hebdomadae
Santae” was published.
In 1599 he came back to Spain and he
was the chaplain and the choir master
in the “Real convento de las Clarisas
Descalzas”, in Madrid. He died in 1611.
Benjamin Palencia, pintor español
nacido en Batas, Albacete, en 1894,
se trasladó a Madrid a los 14 años.
Se convirtió en pintor realista de
paisajes. Dedicó su obra a los paisajes
castellanos. Recibió muchos premios.
Su obra más importante fue “Muleros”.
Murió en 1980.
Tomás Luis de Victoria, nacido
en Ávila en 1548. Se convirtió en niño
de coro de Ávila. Después empezó sus
estudios musicales en el
Collegium
Germanicum de Roma, bajo la supervisión
de Palestrina, profesor de música y
canto. Profesor de canto en “Santa
María de Montserrat” y sucesor de
Palestrina como profesor de capilla. En
1573 empezó a cantar en la parroquia de
Santiago y dos años después se ordenó
sacerdote. Después de abandonar el
Collegium Germanicum se convirtió en
capellán de San Girolamo della Cárita
conociendo a músicos famosos.
Su
obra maestra, “Officium hebdomadae
Santae” se publicó.
En 1599 volvió a España para ser capellán
y maestro de coro del “Convento Real
de las Clarisas Descalzas”, de Madrid.
Murió en 1611.
El Chava, a cyclist born in 1972 in
El Chava, ciclista nacido en 1972 en
El Barraco, died in 2003 from a heart
El Barraco, murió en 2003 de un ataque
16
cardíaco. El nombre “El Chava”, se lo
puso su abuelo cuando era un niño.
Corrió en equipos importantes ganando
varias carreras: en 1994 y 1996, la
“Subida al Ukiola”; en 1997, la “Vuelta
a España”. En 1998, llegó tercero en la
Vuelta a España, ganando tres días. En
1999, fue quinto en la Vuelta a España.
Ganó una carrera importante: “Anglirú”.
En 2000, ganó una carrera, “The Alps”,
en el Tour de Francia. En 2001, fue
séptimo en la Vuelta a España, siendo
ganador durante tres jornadas.
attack. The name “El Chava”, was given
to him by his grandfather when he was
a child.
He ran for important teams winning
several races: In 1994 and 1996, the
“Ukiola Climb”; in 1997, the “Vuelta to
Spain”. In 1998, he was third in the
Vuelta to Spain, having been the winner
three days. In 1999, he was fifth in the
Vuelta to Spain. He won a great race:
“Anglirú”. In 2000, he won a race, “The
Alps”, in the French Tour. In 2001, he
was seventh in the Vuelta to Spain,
being winner three days.
Adolfo Suarez, born in Ávila in 1932.
He studied Law in Salamanca. Called to
run the State-run Spanish Media. The
Spanish king asked him to plan the
new Cabinet. In 1977 he was elected
president of the nation, and four years
later the king granted him a noble title.
Suffering from a mental disease, he
quitted public life.
Adolfo Suarez, nacido en Ávila en
1932. Estudió Derecho en Salamanca.
Dirigió Radio-Televisión española. El
rey de España le pidió que planificara
el nuevo gabinete. En 1977 fue elegido
presidente de gobierno, y cuatro años
más tarde el rey le concedió un título
nobiliario. Aquejado de una enfermedad
mental, abandonó la vida pública.
Emilio
Romero, born in Arévalo
(Ávila) on February 21st 1917. Married
and father of three children. He
studied languages at University. When
he was 23 he became the director of
the newspaper La Mañana in Lérida. He
started a new task in the newspaper:
El Pueblo and was also its director.
He wrote articles for important
newspapers: ABC, YA, winning awards
such as Planeta Prize in 1957 or the
National Literature Prize in 1963. He
died in 2003.
Isabel of Castille, also called “the
Catholic”, was born in Madrigal de
las Altas Torres in 1451 and died in
1504. She was qeen of Castille and of
kingdons in the whole peninsula after
her marriage with Fernando of Aragon.
They had five children: Isabel, Juana,
Catalina, María and Juan of Aragon and
Castille. The second one, Juana, was her
successor.
Both of them sponsored Cristobal Colon’s
project, and financed his journey to
America. They included the Inquisition
in the system of government.
Emilio Romero, nacido en Arévalo
(Ávila) el 21 de Febrero de 1917.
Casado y padre de tres hijos. Estudió
idiomas en la universidad. Cuando tenía
23 años, se convirtió en director del
periódico La Mañana de Lérida. Empezó
una nueva tarea en el periódico El Pueblo
del que también fue director. Escribió
artículos para periódicos importantes:
ABC, YA, ganando premios tales como el
Planeta en 1957 o el Premio Nacional de
Literatura en 1963. Murió en 2003.
Isabel de Castilla, también llamada
“La Católica”, nació en Madrigal de las
Altas Torres en 1451 y murió en 1504.
Fue reina de Castilla y otros reinos de
la península después de su matrimonio
con Fernando de Aragón. Tuvieron cinco
hijos: Isabel, Juana, Catalina, María y
Juan de Aragón y Castilla. La segunda,
Juana, fue su sucesora.
Ambos apoyaron el proyecto de
Cristobal Colón, y financiaron su viaje a
América. Introdujeron la Inquisición en
el sistema de gobierno.
17
Dry beans
Gastronomy
Gastronomía
Judías del Barco
To cook dry beans from Barco de Ávila
you must leave the beans in cold water
the previous night. Then, remove them
from the water and put them in a pot.
Later you put the beans with cold water
on the fire. When they start boiling,
remove them again out and put them in
the pot again. Then you put them in cold
water another time and add the other
ingredients:
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‡$ELWSRUNWDLO
‡$ELWSRUNOHJ
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Later when they have boiled by the
second time, remove the foam and then
you add cold water and ready to eat.
Para cocinar las judías del Barco de
Ávila, deben dejarse en remojo la noche
anterior. Luego se sacan del agua y
se ponen en una cazuela. Después se
cubren con agua fría y se ponen al fuego.
Cuando empiezan a hervir, se retiran
y se vuelven a poner en la cazuela. Se
vuelven a poner en agua fría y se añaden
el resto de los ingredientes:
. Una punta de 100 g. de jamón serrano.
. Un trozo de rabo de cerdo.
. Un pie de cerdo.
. Una oreja de cerdo.
. Una cabeza de ajo.
. Una hoja de laurel.
. Sal.
Cuando han hervido por segunda vez, se
retira la espuma y se añade agua fría y
están preparadas para comer.
Castillian Soup.(Garlic Soup)
Sopa Castellana. (Sopa de Ajo)
An energetic warm winter soup cooked
with hard bread and garlic.
Garlic is mashed with salt. Oil is added
on this mixture and everything is
fried. Chopped sausage and paprika are
added.
Then, everything is poured into boiling
water. After a while, the bread is put
into the saucepan and it is left to boil
for some minutes.
Two eggs are poured in the saucepan
and they are shaken so that they get
mixed with the bread.
Una energética sopa caliente de invierno
cocinada con pan duro y ajo.
Se machaca ajo con sal. Se añade aceite
en la mezcla y se fríe todo. Se añaden
trozos de chorizo y pimentón.
Luego, se echa todo en agua hirviendo.
Después de un rato, se pone el pan en la
cazuela y se deja hervir durante algunos
minutos.
Se echan dos huevos en la cazuela y se
baten para que se mezclen con el pan.
Patatas
revolconas.
Potatoes)
(Mashed
Patatas revolconas.
Se necesitan patatas, dos dientes de
ajo, pimentón, aceite de oliva, panceta,
guindilla y sal.
Potatoes, two cloves of garlic, paprika,
olive oil, bacon, dry hot red pepper and
salt are needed.
Chuletón. (Thick veal chop)
Chuletón
A 500 gr. sirloin veal chop, done on the
grill and eaten rare done. Red wines are
good partners.
Una chuleta de solomillo de 500 gr, a la
parrilla poco hecha. Se acompaña con
vino tinto.
A very sweet cake made with the yolks
of eggs and sugar.
Postre muy dulce hecho con yemas de
huevo y azúcar.
Yemas de Santa Teresa
Yemas de Santa Teresa
18
Leisure and Events
Traditional Festivities
Ávila Celebrations. The main festival
Ocio y Acontecimientos
Fiestas tradicionales
Fiestas de Ávila. La fiesta principal
in Ávila is celebrated in the week of
15th October. These festivals are
in memory of SaintTeresa de Jesús.
During
these
days
there
are
cultural events such as exhibitions.
For children, there are outdoor
activities, spectacles, popular games.
There are many different attraction
such as: bumper cars, big wheel, raffles.
For young people, there are concerts of
modern music and some competitions.
On the 15th there are fireworks in
the main square. These days are very
important for children: no school, no
homework and they usually stay at
home.
Burgohondo, located near the river
Alberche. Its parties are related to
the bull culture: bullfighting, amateur
bullfighting and bull running, such as:
"The Heifer" (San Sebastian feast)
which is celebrated on January 20. The
brotherhood of San Sebastian organizes
it in honor of the Saint. "The heifer" is
a head of a wooden cow, with horns.
Behind the head of wood, a stick is
used to lead the heifer behind the
people, chasing.
“The Day of the Light”. It is celebrated
on Corpus Christi day. This consists in
bonfires in the streets made of dry
thyme. The children and adults jump
over the fire to be purified.
"San Roque Feast" It is celebrated on
August 16th. San Roque’s Brotherhood
organizes it with the cooperation
of neighbours in the programmed
activities.
An orchestra goes to the Town hall
where the authorities are waiting to go
to the monastery of the abbey where
someone takes San Roque to return it
to his chapel.
Then the people go to mass, later
everybody can take biscuits, wine, and
lemonade. At night, the whole village
can dance in the square.
"Our Lady of Assuption" takes place
On August 15th. There is a mass in
honour of the virgin and a procession.
There are cultural, sports activities,
exhibitions and traditional music
“Cattle Fairs” celebrated on 23rd May
de Ávila se celebra en la semana del 15
de Octubre. Son fiestas en honor de
Santa Teresa de Jesús.
Durante estos días hay acontecimientos
culturales como exposiciones. Para los
niños, hay actividades al aire libre,
espectáculos, juegos populares. Hay
muchas atracciones variadas como:
coches de choque, noria, tómbolas. Para
los jóvenes, hay conciertos de música
moderna y competiciones. El 15 hay
fuegos artificiales en la plaza mayor.
Estos días son importantes para los
niños: sin colegio, ni deberes y en casa.
Burgohondo, situado cerca del río
Alberche. Sus fiestas están relacionadas
con la cultura del toro: corridas de
toros, vaquillas y encierros, como:
“La Vaquilla” (Día de San Sebastian) que
se celebra el 20 de Enero. La Hermandad
de San Sebastian lo organiza en honor
del santo. La Vaquilla es una cabeza de
una vaca de madera, con cuernos. Tras
la cabeza de madera, se usa un palo para
dirigir a la vaquilla detrás de la gente
persiguiéndola.
“El Día de la Luz”. Se celebra el día
del Corpus. Consiste en hogueras en
las calles hechas con romero seco. Los
niños y los adultos saltan sobre el fuego
para purificarse.
"Fiesta de San Roque" Se celebra el 16
de Agosto. La Hermandad de San Roque
lo organiza con la colaboración de los
vecinos en las actividades programadas.
Una orquesta va al Ayuntamiento donde
las autoridades están esperando para
ir al monasterio de la abadía donde se
coge a San Roque para llevarlo de nuevo
a su capilla.
Luego la gente va a misa, después todo
el mundo puede tomar pastas, vino y
limonada. Por la noche, todo el pueblo
puede bailar en la plaza.
"Nuestra Señora de la Asunción" tiene
lugar el 15 de Agosto. Hay una misa en
honor de la virgen y una procesión. Hay
actividades culturales y deportivas,
exposiciones y música tradicional.
“Feria de Ganado” celebradas el 23 de
Mayo y el 18 de Octubre. Estas ferias
19
and 18th October. These fairs were
important years ago.
tenían mucha importancia hace años.
Carnivals in Cebreros
Carnaval de Cebreros
This festival is well known in the
province. Not many people used to wear
disguises, but they always wore the
face covered and there were masks
dances. In the morning there were
“pirulina dances”. There were two bands
of music: “Tio Balta” and “Don Eugenio”.
People gathered in groups, and they had
the typical shortbread and a glass of
wine. Carnivals are celebrated 40 days
before Easter.
Cebreros Carnival starts on Saturday
afternoon. People dance with some
orchestra songs and the firecrackers
start.
On Sunday morning a band plays
music around the village. People show
their disguises and their old regional
costumes. People can drink the typical
wine in the village square.
On Monday and Tuesday, the children
can play traditional games. In the
afternoon the children dance “El Corro”.
On Wednesday the people celebrate
the Sardine Burial.
Cebreros Carnival finishes on “Piñata
Sunday”.
Esta fiesta es muy famosa en la provincia.
No mucha gente solía disfrazarse, pero
siempre llevaban máscaras con las que
iban a bailes de máscaras. Por la mañana
había “Bailes de pirulina”. Había dos
bandas de música: “Tío Balta” y “Don
Eugenio” La gente se reunía en grupos y
tomaban galletas y un vaso de vino. Los
carnavales se celebran 40 días antes de
Semana Santa.
El carnaval de Cebreros empieza el
Sábado por la tarde. La gente baila con
una orquesta y empiezan los cohetes.
El domingo por la mañana, una banda toca
música por el pueblo. La gente muestra
sus disfraces y sus trajes regionales.
Se bebe un típico vino en la plaza del
pueblo.
El lunes y el martes, los niños juegan
juegos tradicionales. Por la tarde los
niños bailan “El Corro”. El miércoles la
gente celebra el Entierro de la Sardina.
Los carnavales de Cebreros terminan
con el “Domingo de Piñata”
Festivities in Muñosancho
Fiestas de Muñosancho
The Virgin, held on 15th May with a
procession and a mass. Traditionally
communions and some baptisms are
celebrated in this festivity. There are
children's games, dance and appetizers,
too.
San Juan Bautista, patron saint in
Muñosancho.This party is celebrated
on 23rd, 24th and 25th June. On 23rd
June there is a traditional bonfire.
24th is the most important day
because there is a mass, an appetizer,
championship and dance. On 25th there
is a dip, games for the children, a grill
and a mobile-dicotheque.
La Virgen, celebrada el 15 de Mayo con
una procesión y una misa. Durante esta
fiesta se celebran comuniones y algunos
bautizos. Hay juegos de niños, bailes y
aperitivos también.
San Juan Bautista,
patron de
Muñosancho. Esta fiesta se celebra el
23, 24 y 25 de Junio. El 23 de Junio hay
una hoguera tradicional. El 24 es el día
más importante porque hay una misa, un
aperitivo, campeonatos y bailes. El 25
hay un remojón, juegos para los niños,
parrillada y disco-móvil
Medieval market
Mercado medieval
Held in the centre of Avila, the first
weekend in September finishing on
Sunday night. The medieval market
is inside and around The Walls.There
are many stands that sell handmade
objects, spices, natural products, and
there are stands where you can have
something to drink or eat.
In the medieval market, at night, there
Celebrado en el centro de Ávila, la
primera semana de Septiembre acabando
el domingo por la noche. Ubicado dentro
y fuera de las murallas. Hay muchos
puestos que venden objetos hechos a
mano, especias, productos naturales y
otros donde se puede comer y beber.
En el mercado medieval hay magos,
juglares y fuegos artificiales por la
20
are magicians, jesters, fireworks.
A lot of people from the city and from
other cities visit the medieval market
and enjoy the environment.
noche.
Mucha gente de la ciudad y de otras
visitan el mercado medieval y disfrutan
del entorno.
A theatre group stages traditional
legends in the streets in the first week
in June. Stories such as:
“The castle of Aunque os pese”, about
the tragic end of lovers Doña Guiomar,
Don Diego de Zuñiga’s daughter and
Alvar Dávila, a captain, doomed to be
separated forever.
The story of the Moor Princess Zubezé
who was the daughter of Ben Hur
Mar. She was in love with Aldefonso.
Aldefonso also was in love with Zubeze
but Don Ben Hur Mar did not accept
their love. The story ended tragically
with Zubeze’s sudden death.
The castle in Arévalo, which is said to
keep a woman inmured: Doña Blanca de
Borbón whose husband, Pedro I “the
Cruel” ordered to close. The Prince of
Orange and Don Fabrique Enriquez were
inmured in this castle too.
The Sad Countess Castle, in Arenas de
San Pedro, where Juana de Pimentel
was supposed to have remained after
her husband’s death
The Bearded Saint, about a beautiful
girl in Cardeñosa: Paula who would
rather become ugly than consenting on
a gentleman’s love.
The Grandfather’s Revenge, about
a grandfather’s deed to defend her
granddaughter’s honour.
Un grupo de teatro pone en escena
leyendas tradicionales en las calles
durante la primera semana de Junio.
Historias como:
“El Castillo de Aunque os pese”, sobre
el final trágico de los amantes Doña
Guiomar, hija de D. Diego de Zúñiga , y
Alvar Dávila, un capitán, condenados a
estar separados de por vida..
La Historia de la princesa mora Zubezé
hija de Ben Hur Mar. Estaba enamorada
de Aldefonso. Aldefonso también amaba
a Zubeze pero Don Ben Hur Mar no
aceptaba su amor. La historia terminó
tragicamente con la muerte repentina
de Zubeze.
El castillo de Arévalo, en el que se dice
hay una mujer emparedada, Doña Blanca
de Borbón, cuyo marido, Pedro I “el
Cruel” mandó emparedar. El Príncipe de
Orange y Don Fabrique Enriquez fueron
emparedados en este castillo también.
El Castillo de la Triste Condesa, en
Arenas de San Pedro, donde Juana de
Pimentel se encerraó después de la
muerte de su marido.
La Santa Barbada, sobre una bella
doncella de Cardeñosa: Paula que
prefirió volverse fea a consentir el
amor de un caballero.
La Venganza del Abuelo, sobre los
hechos de un abuelo para defender el
honor de su nieta.
The Legend Tour
La Ronda de las Leyendas
Ávila with the Comic Books
Ávila con los Comics
An activity launched by the Regional
Government in collaboration with the
Town Hall to encourage young comic
writers and designers to discuss their
productions in a public exhibition and
other activities: book presentations,
debates such as, The Graffic Humour,
The Graffic Humour in the Press, The
Comic Book as a Product, the present
situation of the Comic Book in Spain, as
well as films and several exhibitions in
different places in the town.
On the other hand, the city centre is
sown with the most popular characters
in our comics.
A souvenir for a
generation, and a bridge joining the new
productions with the old ones.
Una actividad lanzada por la Comunidad
Autonómica en colaboración con el
Ayuntamiento para animar a los jóvenes
escritores y diseñadores de comics
a debatir sus producciones en una
exposición pública y otras actividades:
presentaciones de libros, debates tales
como: El Humor Gráfico, El Humor
Gráfico en la Prensa, El Comic como
Producto, Situación actual del Comic en
España, así como películas y exposiciones
variadas en sitios diferentes de la
ciudad.
Por otra parte, el centro de la ciudad
queda sembrado de los personajes más
famosos de nuestros comics. Un recurdo
para una generación y un puente que une
21
los productos nuevos con los antiguos.
Leisure
Aeroclub in Ávila
Ocio
Aeroclub de Ávila
Located 10 kilometres from Ávila. You
can ride quads, karts , fly an ultra light
aircraft or do rural tourism, etc.
Situado a 10 kilometres de Ávila. Pueden
montarse quads, karts, volar en un ultra
ligero o hacer turismo rural.
Run by the “Gredos Activo” company,
include paragliding with a school
recognised by the Spanish Aeronautics
Federation and offering an initiation
course and an improvement one, rappel
to learn descent techniques with a
rope and special equipment and archery
where the use of arches is taught.
Dirigidas por la empresa “Gredos Activo”
, incluyen parapente con una escuela
reconocida por la Federación Española
de Aeronáutica que ofrece un curso
de iniciación y otro de mejora, rappel
para aprender técnicas de descenso
con cuerda y equipo especial y arquería
donde se enseña el uso del arco.
Practised in the Burguillo reservoir.
There are activities in calm waters,
whitewater and sport rivers. It can
be done all the year. All the materials
needed can be found at the reservoir.
Practicado en el pantano del Burguillo.
Hay actividades para aguas tranquilas,
aguas bravas y ríos deportivos. Puede
hacerse todo el año. Todos los materiales
que se necesitan pueden encontrarse en
el pantano.
Activities in Gredos
Actividades en Gredos
Canoeing
Piragüismo
Micologic walks in Ávila
Paseos micológicos en Ávila
Since October 2003 with the association
Amagredos. This activity consists in
getting to know better the world of
mushrooms and fungi to recognize
the different kinds: edible, culinary
worthless, toxic-poisonous, and lethal.
Desde Octubre del 2003 con la
asociación Amagredos. Esta actividad
consiste en conocer mejor el mundo de
las setas y hongos para reconocer los
tipos variados: comestibles, de escaso
valor culinario, venenosas y mortales.
An integral leisure and sports centre,
located in the old Dehesa farm of El
Fresnillo, with 140 hc. where one can
practise:
Golf: With 18 holes, 6102 yellow sticks,
par 73, it occupies more than 60 hc.
From the amateurs to the professional
one.
Olympic shot: in a field with five sports
grounds, five universal pits, double
trap, three olympic skeet machines,
shot schools, three automatic robots, a
hunting route, an helix instalation and
lighting for night sports activities.
Shot with arch: with twelve shooting
positions, divided between 5, 10, 20, 30,
40 and 50 metres.
There is also horse riding, ecological
fishing,
workshops,
educational,
agricultural and cattle farmer, catering
activities.
There are also rural establishments of
high quality to stay.
Paintball, an outdoors sport to do
physical exercise and get the adrenaline
Un centro integral de ocio y deportes,
ubicado en la vieja Dehesa de
El
Fresnillo, con 140 hc. donde puede
practicarse:
Golf: con 18 hoyos, 6102 palos amarillos,
en el 73, ocupa más de 60 hc. Desde el
nivel más bajo hasta el profesional.
Tiro Olímpico: en un campo con 5 pistas
de deportes, cinco pozos universales,
trampa doble, tres máquinas skeet
olímpicas, escuelas de tiro, tres robots
automáticos, una ruta de caza, una
instalación hélice y alumbramiento para
actividades deportivas nocturnas.
Tiro con arco: con doce posiciones de
tiro, a distincias de 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 y
50 metros.
También hay equitación, pesca ecológica,
talleres,
actividades
educativas,
educación agrícola y ganadera.
También hay establecimientos rurales
de alta calidad para alojarse.
Naturávila
Naturávila
Paintball, un deporte al aire libre
para hacer ejercicio físico y soltar
22
going.
A mask, a protective overall, a gun and
balls of painting are needed to play
different roles: “the chief”, “Against
Vs Against”, “the strong”, “central flag”
and “face to face”.
Practised in Cardeñosa, Navaluenga and
Gredos.
adrenalina.
Se necesita una máscara, un mono
protector, una pistola y bolas de pintura
para jugar papeles diferentes: “el
jefe”, “Contra Vs Contra”, “el fuerte”,
“bandera central” y “cara a cara”.
Se practica en Cardeñosa, Navaluenga
y Gredos.
A sport activity consisting on going down
whitewater. This activity is carried out
on either a rigid or inflatable boat:
raft, canoe or kayak. Knowing how to
swim is compulsory as well as specific
equipment: helmet, lifejacket, special
clothes and shoes.
Practised in the Tormes river.
Actividad deportiva que consiste en
bajar aguas bravas. Esta actividad se
lleva a cabo bien en una balsa rígida o
en una inflable: balsa, canoa, piragua.
Es obligatorio saber nadar así como un
equipo específico: casco, chaleco salvavidas, ropa y calzado especial.
Practicado en el río Tormes .
There are a lot of indoors activities:
Indoor Pools: two swimming pools, one
in Avenida de la Juventud, and the
other in “San Antonio”.
Gymnasiums, the most popular are:
Body factory, in the north zone and the
Sound Body, in the south zone.
Cinema: There are two cinemas. The
first is in the centre of the city and its
name is “Victoria”. The other cinema is
in the Boulevard.
Arcade: they are in the shopping centre
Boulevard.
Discotheques and pubs: The party
area is in the street “Vallespín”.
Other discotheques are in Avenida de
Portugal.
Sports Club: for different sports:
Football: “Real Avila”, “Zona Norte”;
“Casa Social”.
Basketball: The local club is “Obila”.
Volleyball: The club is “Casa social”.
Handball: The local club is “Asisa”.
If you want to practise you must join in
September.
Hay muchas actividades cubiertas:
Piscinas cubiertas: una en la Avenida de
la Juventud, y otra en “San Antonio”.
Gimnasios, los más famosos son: Body
Factory, en la zona norte y Sound Body,
en la sur.
Cines: Hay dos cines. El primero está
en el centro de la ciudad y se llama
“Victoria”. El otro está en el Boulevard.
Recreativos: Están en el centro
comercial el Boulevard.
Discotecas y pubs: la zona de marcha
está en la calle “Vallespín”. Hay otras en
la Avenida de Portugal.
Clubs deportivos: para varios deportes.
Fútbol: “Real Avila”, “Zona Norte”;
“Casa Social”.
Basketball: El club de la ciudad es
el “Obila”.
Volleyball: El club es “Casa social”.
Handball: El club de la ciudad es
“Asisa”.
Si quiere practicarlos debe inscribirse
en Septiembre.
Rafting
Rafting
Indoors
Actividades cubiertas
23
Opole
Poland
ß
ß
OPOLE
ZSZ im. Staszica w Opolu
24
Contents:
Spis treści:
Geography:
geographical features of Opole and
its region 26;
Places of interest 26;
The Opava Mountains 27;
Stobrava Landscape Park 28;
History and the past:
History of Opole 29;
History of Opole Silesia 30;
The legend 30;
Places and monuments in the region:
Krasiejow Dinopark 31;
The castle in Moszna 32;
Brzeg castle 33;
Places of interest 34;
Personalities:
Jan Cybis 35;
Tomasz Rozycki 37;
Arkadiusz Janiczek 37;
Gastronomy:
Polish cuisine 39;
Silesian cuisine 40;
Leisure and events:
The ZOO in Opole 41;
Active tourism 42;
Rivers and lakes 42;
The Festival of Polish Song 43;
Dictionary 104;
Geografia:
położenie geograficzne Opola i
regionu 26;
Ciekawe miejsca 26;
Gory Opawskie 27;
Stobrawski Park Krajobrazowy 28;
Historia i przeszłość:
Historia Opola 29;
Historia Śląska Opolskiego 30;
Legenda 30;
Miejsca i zabytki w regionie:
Park dinozaurów w Krasiejowie 31;
Zamek w Mosznej 32;
Zamek w Brzegu 33;
Ciekawe miejsca 34;
Znane osoby:
Jan Cybis 35;
Tomasz Rozycki 37;
Arkadiusz Janiczek 37;
Gastronomia:
Kuchnia Polska 39;
Kuchnia Ślaska 40;
Czas wolny i imprezy:
Opolskie Zoo 41;
Aktywna turystyka 42;
Rzeki i jeziora 42;
Festiwal Polskiej Piosenki 43;
Słownik 104;
25
Opole and its geographical
features
Położenie geograficzne Opola
The area of Opole is over 96 square km
and it is divided on the two unequal parts
by the 15 km long Oder river. Opole lies
in the borders of macroregion called
Nizina Śląska(the Silesian Lowland).The
west part of the city lies on the area of
the mezoregion Pradolina Wrocławska
(the Wroclaw Valley) (318,52). The
east part is on the small surface of the
Rownina Opolska (the Opole Plain)
Opole ma ponad 96 km2 i rzeka Odra
dzieli je na 2 nierówne części. Opole
leży na Nizinie Sląskiej Zachodnia część
miasta leży na terenie mezoregionu
Pradolina Wrocławska. wschodnia część
miasta leży na Rowninie Opolskiej.
Places of interest
Zabytki Opolszczyzny
The Opole Silesia region is attractive
to every tourist and amateur wanderer.
The cultural heritage of Opole Silesia
encompasses a richness of architecture,
folk culture, and nature itself. Treasures
of material culture – palaces, churches
(also including wooden ones), chapels
and memorials.
Opolszczyzna to bardzo atrakcyjny
region dla każdego turysty i miłośnika
wędrówek.
Skarby kultury materialnej – zamki,
pałace, kościoły, kapliczki i pomniki –
występują w ścisłym związku ze światem
przyrody.
Opole
Opole
The Piast tower – the town’s symbol –
the only remnant of the former princes’
castle from 13th century in the form
of a massive donjon built of brick, 35
meters in height.
Wieża Piastowska – symbol Opola. Jest
to jedyna pozostałość po zamku z
początku
XIII w, zburzonym przez Niemców w
latach 1928 – 1930.
Z wieży można podziwiać panoramę
miasta.
Brzeg
Brzeg
The Castle of the Silesian Piast – the
restored castle complex comprises the
renaissance – style
Zamek Piastów Ślą skich, zwany często
,,śląskim Wawelem”, to renesansowy
zespół zamkowy.
26
The Opava mountains
Góry Opawskie
The location ofthe Opava mountains are
the small range in the Sudety mountains.
They are on the territory of the Czech
Republic and in Poland they are in the
south next to Glucholazy and Prudnik
and Jarnoltowek. There is Jesioniki is
the range next to Opava mountains.
Góry Opawskie, to niewielkie pasmo
leżące w Sudetach Wschodnich,
głównie na obszarze Czech, w Polsce
zajmujące jedynie obszary na południe
od Głuchołazów i Prudnika w okolicach
znanej miejscowości wypoczynkowej –
Jarnołtówek
Description
Opis
The Opava mountains consists of some
ranges divided on Opav and Oslabogi.
They are the obvservation point for
the Opole Silesia from the north and
Jesioniki on the south. The Biskupia
Kopa (890 m) is the highest peak. There
is a border crossing there. The range
slowly falls in the east direction and it
ends with the hill called Gajna. It is the
last hill. There is a landscape park in
the Opava Mountains.
Thye highest peaks are the Biskupia
Kopa in Poland and Studnicky Wierch in
the Czech Republic.
The towns of Opava mountains are
Glucholazy, Prudnik and the villages
of Jarnoltowek, Chocim, Debowiec,
Trzebinia.
Góry Opawskie, to kilka masywów górskich
rozczłonkowanych na niezależne przez
Osłobogi i Opawy. Stanowią dobry punkt
widokowy na Ślą sk Opolski na północy,
oraz Jesioniki na południu. Po polskiej
stronie najwyższe wzniesienie stanowi
Biskupia Kopa (890 m n.p.m.), na której
znajduje się turystyczne przejście
graniczne. W stronę wschodnią wzdłuż
granicy pasmo powoli opada, kończąc
się na wzniesieniu Gajna (362 m n.p.m.),
będącym ostatnim na wschodzie polskim
wzniesieniem Sudetów.
Na terenie Gór Opawskich znajduje się
Park Krajobrazowy Gór Opawskich.
Wśród miejscowości leżących po
polskiej stronie w Górach Opawskich
są Głuchołazy, Prudnik, oraz wsie
- Jarnołtówek, Chocim, Dębowiec,
Dytmarów, Trzebinia. Atrakcje
Do
atrakcji
turystycznych
Gór
Opawskich
oprócz
zwiedzania
miejscowości należy zaliczyć dość
szeroką gamę tras pieszych (4 szlaki)
i rowerowych o dużym zróżnicowaniu
trudności. W zimie tereny te służą także
do uprawiania narciarstwa biegowego.
27
STOBRAWA LANDSCAPE PARK
STOBRAWSI PARK
KRAJOBRAZOWY
The Odra and Stobrawa rivers are the
paradise for the fishermen.One can go
fishing for pikes d other big fish. The
rich forest soil makes that there are
a lot of mushrooms. The gentle climate
makes the spring come early and the
summer lasts long. Winters are not cold
so it makes the park good for visiting.
Polish so called “the gholden autumn” is
very beautiful here.
There are a lot of tourist places in the
park as the water eyes, marshes and
trees. The storks and the eagles make
the nests. A lot of other birds live in
the park. You can meet oaks here, too.
The area is beautiful and it attracts
tourists for the active rest. You can
enjoy the fresh air, beautiful views and
the silence of the forest.
Stobrawski Landscape Park is a green
symbol of the south part of Namysłów
Poviat. It covers the area of as many
as 52 thousand hectares and includes
lands belonging to 14 communes, among
others Namysłów, Pokój, Świerczów,
Doszowice. Vast forest complexes
make almost 80% of the Park area. It
is the youngest landscape park in Opole
province.
Created in 1999 the park makes
a perfect complement to Opawa
Mountains Landscape Park w ith its hilly
character and to the upland St Anna’s
Mount Landscape Park.
There are 50 species of protected plants
and about 140 of rare species in the
park area. Orchids, Royal Fern, Water
Chestnut, Martagon Lily, February
Daphne and also Sundew can be found
here. Animal kingdom is represented
by more than 220 protected species
(including 140 bird species, 21 of which
are globally endangered).
Odra i Stobrawa to raj dla wędkarzy,
łowi się tu szczupaki i inne metrowe
ryby. Bogate runo leśne zapewnia
grzybiarzom
dużą
różnorodność
gatunków grzybów. Ł agodny klimat
powoduje wczesne nadejście wiosny
, długie lato, oraz łagodną i krótką
zimę, co sprzyja spędzanie czasu w
Stobrawskim Parku Krajobrazowym ,
oraz okolicach, zwłaszcza w okresie tzw.
’’złotej polskiej jesieni’’ , która jest tu
nadzwyczaj piękna.
Znajdują się tu tereny o szczególnych
walorach turystycznych, z licznymi
oczkami i ciekami wodnymi, bagienkami
i zadrzewieniem ś ródpolnym. Licznie
gniazduje tu bocian czarny a także orzeł
bielik. Ponadto ma tu swoje stanowisko
bogactwo gatunków ptaków jak bączek
trzmielojad, kania czarna, kobuz, sowa
płomykówka, przepiórka, gniazduje i
bytuje żuraw.
Stobrawski Park Krajobrazowy jest
zielonym symbolem południowej części
powiatu Namysłów. Park zajmuje wielką
przestrzeń, ponad 52 tysiące hektarów
i włącza pod siebie ziemie należące do 14
gmin, wśród nich znajduje się Namysłów,
Pokój, Ś wierczów, oraz Doszowice.
Ogromne kompleksy lasu zajmują prawie
80% powierzchni Parku. Park ten jest
najmłodszym parkiem krajobrazowym w
rejonie Opola.
Stworzony w 1999 park tworzy doskonałe
uzupełnienie Parku Krajobrazowego Gór
Opawskich, ze swoim pagórkowatym
charakterem uzupełnia się z wyżyną
Parku Krajobrazowego Góry Św. Anny.
Możemy
zaobserwować
również
Kormorany, Złote Orły, Wydry, Bobry
i nawet barwne Zimorodki. Oprócz
tego liczna liczba gatunków motyli i
ważek może być spotkana podczas
przechadzki.
28
History of Opole
Historia Opola
Opole was very important city from
the beginning in the past years. The
trade tracks were crossing here. One
of the most famous was “the amber
track” where the amber was carried to
the West Europe. The city had also the
fortresses and the walls around it.
In 1228 the building of the Piast
Castle started. The tower remained
up til now but the rest was destroyed.
The Piast Dynasty ruled in Opole.
One of the princes was Mieszko
Platonogi, who started the dynasty
and Wladyslaw Opolczyk, who built the
castle and founded the monastery in
Czestochowa.
A "Bavarian geographer" active in the
middle of 9th century, was the first to
inform about the existence of the main
town of Opolanie - one of the Slavonic
tribes, on the river Odra. The remains
of an early medieval wooden settlement
(8th - 12th c.) were uncovered during
excavation works continued in the years
1930-1978 in Ostrówek, th The remains
of an early medieval wooden settlement
(8th - 12th c.) were uncovered during
excavation works continued in the years
1930-1978 in Ostrówek, the north end
of the isle of Pasieka. Some of numerous
findings were taken to Opole Silesia
Museum. Most of them were lost during
the war.
Kazimierz I, grandson of the king
Bolesław Krzywousty (the Wrymouth)
signed a document equivalent to
localization act of the town in 1217,
therefore Opole became the capital
of the Opole-Racibórz Principality. He
orders building of a family seat - the
Piast Castle.
Equally ancient is the origin of the town
emblem. The colours were taken from
the emblem of Opole- Racibórz Princes
- golden eagle on a blue field; the shape
is half of the prince's eagle and half
of a cross - from the name of the
former collegiate church, the present
cathedral.
Already in 13th century, silver coins
with the emblem of Opole were made.
The emblem is also visible in the first
town seals from that period, which
were signatures of documents prepared
Opole pełniło ważną funkcję od
początku swego istnienia. Szlaki
handlowe przecinały się tutaj. Jednym
z najbardziej znanych był „szlak
bursztynowy”, którym to szlakiem
transportowano bursztyn do europy
Zachodniej. Miasto miało fortecę i mury
obronne dookoła. W 1228 rozpoczęto
budowę zamku Piastowskiego. Wieża
tego zamku pozostałą do dzisiaj, a reszta
została zniszczona podczas wojny.
Dynastia Piastów rządziła w Opolu.
Jednym z książąt był Mieszko Platonagi,
który rozpoczął dynastię i Władysław
Opolczyk, który zbudował zamek i
założył klasztor w Częstochowie.
„Bawarski geograf” aktywny w IX
wieku jako pierwszy poinformował o
istnieniu miasta Opole nad rzeką Odrą.
Odkryto pozostałości średniowiecznej,
drewnianej
osady
podczas
prac
wykopaliskowych w latach 1930-1978 na
Ostrówku. Niektóre znaleziska zabrano
do muzeum.
Kazimierz I, wnuk króla Bolesława
Krzywoustego,
podpisał
dokument
nadania miastu praw miejskich w 1217
roku. Opole stało się stolicą księstwa.
Kazał także wybudować zamek.
W tym czasie powstał także herb Opola.
Kolory zabrano z herbu dynastii opolsko
raciborskiej- złoty orzeł na niebieskim
tle. Kształt jest połową orła i krzyża.
Jest to związane z nazwą poprzedniego
kościoła, obecnej katedry.
Już w XIII wieku srebrne monety z
emblematem Opola były produkowane.
Godło jest także widoczne na pierwszych
miejskich pieczęciach.
Relikty Ś w. Krzyża były przekazane w
XI wieku do małego kościoła, obecnie
katedra, który został wybudowany
przez Bolesława Chrobrego w 1024 roku.
Kościół stał się katedrą w 1972 roku.
W latach 1307-1309 zbudowano
pierwszą część kościoła Franciszkanów.
Służył on jako kaplica, w której chowano
książąt. Do dzisiaj są tam groby Dynastii
Pia.
Według legendy niedaleko zamku
opolskiego, na miejscu zwanym dzisiaj
„Na górce”, w latach pomiędzy 984 i
995, Świę ty Adalbert zatrzymał się
po drodze na dwór króla Bolesława
29
Chrobrego. Obecny Kościół został
zbudowany przez Dominikanów pod
koniec XIV wieku i przebudowany kilka
razy.
Jan Kazimierz, król Polski podczas
ucieczki przed „Potopem szwedzkim”
zatrzymał się w zamku piastowskim,
skąd wydał odezwę do szlachty i ludu
aby podjęli walkę ze Szwedami.
Miasto jest stolicą regionu od 1950
roku.
by town office.
Relics of Holy Cross, as traditional
version states, were presented in 11th
century to a small church - predecessor
of the present cathedral, which was
built by Bolesław Chrobry in 1024. The
church became a collegiate church in
the years 1232-1239 and a cathedral in
28.06.1972.
In the years 1307-1309 the first part
of Franciscan church and monastery
- St. Anne's chapel was built. It was
founded by the Piast kings as the burial
chapel. Remains of the Prince's family
members were buried under the chapel.
The crypt under presbytery was also
a burial crypt, with preserved traces
on the walls of gothic polichromy from
the first half - of the 14th century
and the oldest painting in Silesia - the
crucifixion.
In the monastery, one can admire gothic
crystal ceiling from the first half of
the 16th century.
History of Opole Silesia
Opole was very important city from
the beginning in the past years. The
trade tracks were crossing here. One
of the most famous was “the amber
track” where the amber was carried to
the West Europe. The city had also the
fortresses and the walls around it.
In 1228 the building of the Piast Castle
started. The tower remained up til now
but the rest was destroyed.
One of the princes of Piast dynasty
was Mieszko Platonogi, who started
the dynasty and Wladyslaw Opolczyk,
who biult the castle and founded the
monastery in Czestochowa.
Opole has got a lot of precious and
wonderful places of interest such as the
marvelous market- the Old Town, the
Piast Tower, the St. Franciskan Church
with the tombs of the Piast princes and
the wonderful dungeons, which can be
visited by tourists. The cathedral is
the interesting spot in Opole where the
bones of Piast prince Jan Dobry are
buried. It is an old, gothic building from
12th century.
Historia Śląska Opolskiego
Opole było ważnym miastem w Polsce
od początku. Tutaj przecinały się
szlaki komunikacyjne i handlowe.
Najsławniejszym był „szlak bursztynowy”
, którym to szlakiem przewożono
bursztyn do europy zachodniej. Miasto
miało mury obronne i fortece. W
1228 roku rozpoczęto budowę zamku
Piastowskiego. wieża pozostała do
dzisiaj, ale resztę zamku zniszczono.
Jednym z książąt piastowskich był
Mieszko Platonogi, który rozpoczął
dynastię oraz Władysław Opolczyk,
który wybudował zamek. Opole ma wiele
zabytków. Jednym z nich jest Kościół
Franciszkanów, gdzie znajdują się
grobowce książąt Piastowskich i piękne
lochy, które można zwiedzać. Katedra
jest także ciekawym miejscem w Opolu.
Można tu zwiedzić grób Piastowskiego
księcia Jana Dobrego. Katedra to stary,
gotycki budynek z XII wieku.
Opole jest atrakcyjnym miejscem dla
30
Opole is the attractive city for tourists.
It has got a lot of tourist attractions.
It is realy worth visiting at any time of
the year.
Legends connected with the name
of the city
Long, long time ago when the tribal
princes ruled here on this land , the
territory of Opole was full of deep
forests. There were a lot of wild animals
and birds and it made the hunters come
here. It was probably in 8th century.
One of the tribal princes with his team
came here for hunting. The forests
were very big with no limits and after
some hours of hunting it was easy to
get lost. And this happened. The prince
with his servant went too far in the
forest and they got lost. There weren’t
any voices of the team. They were alone
in the bush. They were looking their way
back home, but it wasn’t easy to find.
The forest was very big and deep. They
were hopelss, but suddenly the forest
was not so deep and they saw the free
area without any trees. The surprised
prince shouted:” Oh, the field” what in
Polish is “O, pole !”. This exclamation of
joy became the name of the settlement
which was founded in the nearest area
on the island on the river Odra.
turystów.
Legendy związane z nazwą miasta
Dawno, dawno temu kiedy książęta
panowali tutaj na tym terenie,
terytorium Opola było pełne lasów. Było
tu wiele dzikich zwierząt i ptaków i
to powodowało, ż e wielu myśliwych tu
przyjeżdżało. Było to prawdopodobnie
w VIII wieku. Jeden z książąt wraz ze
swą świtą przyjechał to na polowanie.
Lasy były wielkie i łatwo było się zgubić.
Książę z drużyną zaszedł za daleko i się
zgubił w lesie. Byli sami w lesie. Szukali
drogi powrotnej, ale nie było ł atwo jej
znaleźć. Nie mieli już ż adnej nadziei,
ale nagle las się przerzedził i zobaczyli
wolny teren bez drzew. Zdziwiony
książę krzyknął : „O, pole” Ten okrzyk
radości stał się nazwą osady, która
została założona w pobliżu na wyspie nad
rzeką Odrą.
Places and monuments
Miejsca i zabytki
Krasiejow Dinopark
Park w Krasiejowie
Krasiejów is the one of the most
famous places for paleontologists .It is
small village in Ozimek’s administrative
district , it ‘s about 30 km from a main
city of a region which name is Opole.
Opole is situated on the south of Poland,
close the border with Czechs. Krasiejów
is counting 1000 inhabitants . The most
of inhabitians work in mill which name
is Małapanew in Ozimek. Krasiejów is
an excellent space for the escape from
the metropolis, many people decided to
settle in Krasiejowie moving from
Krasiejów jest miejscem bardzo dobrze
znanym w środowisku paleontologów . Jest
to mała miejscowość w gminie Ozimek ok.
30 km od stolicy regionu Opola. Opole
leży na południu Polski , blisko granicy
z Czechami. Krasiejów liczy sobie 1000
mieszkańców. Większość mieszkańców
Krasiejowa pracuje w hucie Mała Panew
w Ozimku. . Krasiejów jest świetnym
miejscem na ucieczkę od metropolii,
wielu ludzi zdecydowało się zamieszkać
w Krasiejowie wyprowadzając się
z Opola. Najciekawszym punktem
31
architektonicznym jest mały Kościółek
znajdujący się w centralnej części
wsi. Na pierwszy rzut oka Krasiejów
wygląda jak zwyczajna , niczym
szczególnym nie wyróżniająca się
wioska, a jednak ma w sobie coś , czego
nie mają inne wioski. Znajduje się tu
miasto dinozaurów. Krasiejów jako
miasto dinozaurów zostało odkryte
w 1993 roku przez paleontologów z
Uniwersytetu wrocławskiego. Wewnątrz
wsi znajduje się muzeum , gdzie można
kupić sobie pamiątki z pobytu w tym
charyzmatycznym miejscu . ale w
muzeum tym nie ma ż adnych szczątek
dinozaurów , znajdują się tu jedynie
rekonstrukcje w postaci gipsowych
odlewów dinozaurów. Ale największą
atrakcją są same wykopaliska, gdzie
znaleźć można szczątki dinozaurów.
Wykopaliska
znajdują
się
we
wschodniej części wsi. Przybywając na
miejsce wykopalisk można zobaczyć
wielką wklęsłość w Ziemi , która jest
zagospodarowana
przez
badaczy,
paleontologów
gdyż
poszukiwania
szczątków trwają nadal. Wklęsłość ta
ma bardzo strome ściany , które padają
do dna wykopu pod kątem równym
prawie 90 stopni. Na północnej ścianie
znajduje się pawilon. Wchodząc do
środka można zobaczyć film dotyczący
historii powstania Dinoparku.
Opole . The small church is the most
interesting architectural point, it is
situated in the central part of the
village. At first glance Krasiejów
looks as the normal, standing out with
nothing special village, after all having
a certain something, of what don't have
different villages. This special thing
is city of dinosaurs . This place was
discovered in the 1993 by prof. Sulej
who was working for University from
Opole. At the center of village you will
find the museum where it is possible
to buy souvenirs from this in this
charismatic place. but in this museum
hasn’t briefcase of real dinosaurs
and here thay have reconstruction in
the form of plaster casts of dinosaurs
here only . but the most interesting
place over there are excavations where
just you’ll find the pavilion with this
briefcases of dinosaurs . Excavations
are situated in an eastern part of the
village . Arriving in place of excavations
it is possible to see the large concavity
in the Earth which is developed by
researchers, paleontologists because
searches of remains last still. Concavity
in the Earth is very deep and the walls
are very steep . on the northern wall is
a pavilion with museum inside. Coming
inside it is possible to see the movie
with history of dinopark generation.
The castle in Moszna
Zamek w Mosznej
It is one of the best known historic
places in the Opole region. It is situated
in the quiet village Moszna – in the half
way between Krapkowice and Prudnik in
the Opole voievodship.
History: The castle is 100 years old and
it is in the register of historic places. It
is a place of historic and artisitic value.
The family of von Tiele Winckler was the
owner of the castle from 1866 to1945.
This castle is unsolved riddle as the
architecture and the idea of building is
concerned for many historians. It is so
called “live” historic sight. Since 1996
it has been the Centre for neurological
treatment. Some of the area was
Zamek jest jednym z najbardziej
znanych obiektów zabytkowych na
ziemi opolskiej. Zamek znajduję się w
spokojnej miejscowości mniej więcej w
połowie drogi z Krapkowic do Prudnika w
województwie opolskim.
Historia: 100-letni Zespół Pałacowo
Parkowy w Mosznej o powierzchni
200 ha wpisany jest do rejestru
zabytków. Stanowi obiekt o znaczeniu
historycznym i artystycznym. W latach
1866 - 1945 właścicielem Mosznej
była rodzina von Tiele Wincklerów.
Można przypuszczać, ż e pomysłodawcą
budowy krajobrazowym nie mającym
sprecyzowanych granic. . Dla badaczy
32
changed into the National Horses’
House in 1948. Now it is in the private
hands.
Countryside:
The Moszna Park is the kind of the
landscape one but it has not got the
precise limits.It is connected with the
meadows, fields and the forest. There
are the old trees, the colourful azaleas
and rhododendrons. There is a beautiful
linden avenue with water canals along it.
They are built in the French and Dutch
style.
Architecture:
It is the sight which is very difficult
to be qualified unambigously, because
it is a historic monument although it
is only 100 years old. Moszna palace
is a marvellous place with its original
architecture and splendour. There are
the stained glasses in the windows. I
think that Moszna palace is amazing and
fantastic. It is worth visiting. There
is a lot of green plants around. Some
people think that it is more wonderful
outside than inside, but I don’t agree.I
like the square in front of the castle
best. Going up and down the stairs one
can feel like a princess from the fairy
tale. One can be back to the children’s
times and dreams. The castle has the
wonderful, big rooms and small nooks.
There is a wonderful dining room and
the orangery. If someone is tired of
visiting, he can sit in the cafe which is
in the palace. Upstairs there is a library
and the concert hall with some furniture
left. There is a chapel in the east wing
of the palace.
historii architektury śląska, zamek jest
nie rozwiązaną zagadką osoby architekta
oraz idei budowlanej. praktycznych
jest to jeden z niewielu w Polsce
„żywych” zabytków. Od 1996 roku jest
Samodzielnym Publicznym Zakładem
Opieki Zdrowotnej Centrum Terapii
Nerwic do chwili obecnej. Z części
moszneńskiego majątku ziemskiego w
1948 r. utworzono Państwową Stadninę
Koni. Aktualnie jest ona własnością
prywatną.
Krajobraz: Park w Mosznej jest
parkiem w stylu krajobrazowym nie
mającym sprecyzowanych granic. Łączy
się on bezpośrednio z otaczającymi
go polami, łą kami i lasem. Rosną w
nim stare zabytkowe drzewa, kwitną
wielobarwne, rozłożyste krzewy azalii
i rododendronów, a całości dopełnia
piękna aleja lipowa z ciągnącymi się
wzdłuż niej kanałami zbudowanymi w
stylu holenderskim i francuskim.
Architektura: Jest obiektem, który
trudno jednoznacznie zakwalifikować,
ponieważ
jest
zabytkiem
architektonicznym, chociaż ma tylko 100
lat. Moszna to miejsce zdumiewające
rozmachem i oryginalnością pomysłu
architektonicznego
o
tajemniczej
historii. Posiada również liczne witraże
na oknach. Moim zdaniem: Ma w sobie
coś zadziwiającego, zaskakuje ogromem
i fantazją.
Brzeg castle
Zamek w Brzegu
The date when the castle was built
is not known. There was the small
fortress in 1235 during the reign of
Henry with Beard. Probably this castle
Nieznana jest data budowy zamku. W
1235 byla mala forteca.
Prawdopodobnie
zamek
nie
byl
wybudowany z cegły. Była tam fosa i
33
wasn’t built in brick. There was a moat
and defensive walls. At the end of 13th
century Bolko I built the square tower
called „The Tower of Lions” next to
the castle. In 1342 the castle got the
official status of the capital of the
duchy. This situation made the castle
be often rebuilt and modernized. First
the castle consisted of one building. In
1358 Ludwik I started the expansion of
the castle. He built the new building.
Another big expansion was made by
Frideryk II in 1544. The works were
finished in 1560. This expansion changed
the gothic fortress into the ranaissance
residence. Not many monarchs had such
residences in those days.
mury obronne.
Pod koniec XIII wieku Bolko I wybudował
wieże zwaną „Wieżą Lwów” obok zamku.
W 1342 zamek otrzymał oficjalnie tytuł
stolicy księstwa. Zamek był często
przebudowywany i modernizowany.
Najpierw zamek składał się z jednego
budynku. W 1358 Ludwik I rozpoczął
powiększanie zamku. Wybudował nowy
budynek. Następna zmiana została
zrobiona przez Friderika II w 1544.
Prace skończono w 1560. Zmieniono
gotycką fortecę i zastąpiono ją
renesansową
rezydencją.
Niewielu
monarchów miało takie rezydencje w
tamtych czasach.
The places of interest in Opole
region.
Ciekawe
miejsca
opolskim.
The Opole Silesia region is attractive
to every tourist and amateur wanderer.
The cultural heritage of Opole Silesia
encompasses a richness of architecture,
folk culture, and nature itself. Treasures
of material culture – palaces, churches
(also including wooden ones), chapels
and memorials.
Opole
The Piast tower – the town’s symbol –
the only remnant of the former princes’
castle from 13th century in the form
of a massive donjon built of brick, 35
meters in height.
Brzeg
The Castle of the Silesian Piast – the
restored castle complex comprises
the renaissance – style castle with a
cloistered courtyard, a gate building,
remains of a garden, the outline of the
fortifications, and the Gothic castle
chapel of St. Hedwig.
Kamien Śląskie
The Palace is a late baroque building
from the turn of 18th century – it
functions as a center of culture and
science run by the Theological Faculty
of the University of Opole. In the
1990s it was restored and now serves as
a sanctuary dedicated to St. Hyacinth.
Opolszczyzna to bardzo atrakcyjny
region dla każdego turysty i miłośnika
wędrówek.
Skarby kultury materialnej – zamki,
pałace, kościoły, kapliczki i pomniki –
występują w ścisłym związku ze światem
przyrody.
Opole
Wieża Piastowska – symbol Opola.
Jest to jedyna pozostałość po zamku
z początku XIII w, zburzonym przez
Niemców w latach 1928 – 1930.
Z wieży można podziwiać panoramę
miasta.
Brzeg
Zamek Piastów Ślą skich, zwany często
,,śląskim Wawelem”, to zespół zamkowy,
który obejmuje renesansowy zamek z
dziedzińcem krużgankowym, fragmenty
ogrodu, zarysy fortyfikacji i gotycką
kaplicę zamkową św. Jadwigi.
w
regionie
Kamień Śląski
Pałac z przełomu XVII i XVIII (późny
barok), który był siedzibą kilku
szlacheckich rodów. Został odbudowany
w latach dziewięćdziesiątych XX w. jako
Sanktuarium św. Jacka. Obiekt stanowi
obecnie Centrum
Kultury i Nauki
Wydziału Teologicznego Uniwersytetu
Opolskiego.
34
Personalities
Ludzie
Jan Cybis- the painter
Jan Cybis- malarz
Jan Cybis was born in 1897 in Wroblin in
Opole region and died in 1972.
Cybis began to study law soon after
World War I but abandoned these
studies in 1919 in favor of enrolling
at the Academy of Art and the Arts
Industry in Wroclaw; Otto Mueller, a
former member of the DIE BRUECKE
group of Expressionists, guided Cybis
through his studies in art until 1921.
Cybis perfected his skills as a painter
between 1921 and 1924 at the Academy
of Fine Arts in Krakow, where he was
a student of Jozef Mehoffer, Ignacy
Pienkowski, and Jozef Pankiewicz.
In 1923 he became a member of the
group of Pankiewicz's students who
founded the KOMITET PARYSKI /
PARIS COMMITTEE. The following
year he traveled to Paris with Seweryn
Boraczok, Jozef Czapski, Jozef Jarema,
Artur
Nacht-Samborski,
Tadeusz
Potworowski, Hanna Rudzka, Zygmunt
Waliszewski,
Janina
PrzeclawskaStrzalecka, Janusz Strzalecki, and
Marian Szczyrbula, where the group
enrolled in the branch of the Krakow
Academy founded by Pankiewicz in that
city. Cybis participated in the first
exhibition of the Capists at the Galerie
Zak (1930) in Paris and in the subsequent
presentation of their paintings at the
Galerie Moos in Geneva (1931).
In 1931 he returned to Poland, inciting
an expansion of Colorism, which began
to reign supreme in Polish painting of
the inter-war period. He was among the
creators of the Capist aesthetic and
proceeded to propagate it in a periodical
titled "Glos Plastykow" (Artists' Voice):
"The work of art exists in and of itself.
In painting from nature, it is our desire
to create a canvas that corresponds
to our experience as a painter of the
elements of a natural scene. Therefore,
the canvas is not a document of
similarity, but a game of artistic
relations and actions that nature
directed us to conceive. All relations
in nature must be translated into the
conditions of the canvas (the plane) and
Malarz
i
rysownik,
pedagog
i
publicysta, czołowy reprezentant nurtu
kolorystycznego w malarstwie lat 30ych i sztuce powojennej. Urodzony w
1897, zmarł w 1972.
Rozpoczęte po I wojnie światowej
studia prawnicze porzucił w 1919
dla nauki we wrocławskiej Akademii
Sztuki i Przemysłu Artystycznego;
jego artystyczną edukacją kierował do
1921 r. Otto Mueller, dawny członek
ekspresjonistycznej grupy Die Bruecke.
Swe malarskie umiejętności Cybis
doskonalił w latach 1921-24 w
krakowskiej Akademii Sztuk Pięknych
w pracowniach Józefa Mehoffera,
Ignacego Pieńkowskiego i Józefa
Pankiewicza. W 1923 wszedł w krąg
wywodzących się spośród uczniów
Pankiewicza
założycieli
Komitetu
Paryskiego, by wraz z Sewerynem
Boraczokiem,
Józefem
Czapskim,
Józefem Jaremą, Arturem Nachtem,
Tadeuszem
Potworowskim,
Hanną
Rudzką, Zygmuntem Waliszewskim,
Janiną
Przecławską-Strzałecką,
Januszem Strzałeckim i Marianem
Szczyrbułą wyjechać w następnym roku
do Paryża i wstąpić do prowadzonej tam
przez Pankiewicza filii macierzystej
uczelni. Uczestniczył w pierwszej
wystawie kapistów w Galerie Zak
(1930) w Paryżu oraz w prezentacji ich
malarstwa w Galerie Moos w Genewie
(1931).
W 1931 r. powrócił do kraju inicjując
ekspansję kolorystycznego nurtu w
polskim malarstwie międzywojennym.
Był twórcą kapistowskiej estetyki,
którą propagował ma ł amach „Głosu
Plastyków”: „Dzieło sztuki istnieje
samo w sobie. Malując z natury chcemy
stworzyć płótno, które by odpowiadało
naszemu
przeżyciu
malarskiemu
wobec tej natury, więc nie ż eby było
dokumentem podobieństwa, ale żeby dało
grę stosunków i działań plastycznych,
na których koncepcję nas ta natura
naprowadza. Wszystkie stosunki w
naturze muszą być transponowane na
warunki płótna (płaszczyzna) i nabrać tam
35
samoistnego znaczenia. Kolor na płótnie
powstaje dopiero przez kontrast z
innymi kolorami. Kolor jest koncypowany
z założonej gry, a tylko naśladujący kolor
z natury - nie działa malarsko. ... Płótno
nie musi być wykonane, ale powinno być
rozstrzygnięte po malarsku”. (R. II,
1931, nr 12)
Pierwsza indywidualna wystawa Cybisa
odbyła się w 1932 w Towarzystwie
Przyjaciół Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie.
Artysta prezentował także swe prace
na Salonach warszawskiego Instytutu
Propagandy Sztuki i krakowskiego
Związku Polskich Artystów Plastyków.
Reprezentował
polską
sztukę
na
Biennale w Wenecji (1934) oraz na
wystawie w Carnegie Institute w
Pittsburgu (1938). W 1937 objął funkcję
redaktora naczelnego „Głosu Plastyków”,
czasopisma pełniącego funkcję trybuny
kapistów i kolorystów. W 1948 został
mianowany profesorem warszawskiej
ASP. W okresie socrealizmu został ze
względów ideologicznych odsunięty od
pracy pedagogicznej; piastował wówczas
stanowisko
kustosza
w
Muzeum
Narodowym w Warszawie. W latach
1955-57 wykładał w Państwowej Wyższej
Szkole Sztuk Plastycznych w Sopocie, by
w 1957 powrócić do macierzystej uczelni
w Warszawie. Swe prace eksponował
m.in. w ramach monograficznych wystaw
w warszawskiej Zachęcie (1956) i
Muzeum Narodowym (1965). Brał udział
w licznych prezentacjach polskiej sztuki
za granicą, m.in. w Wenecji (Biennale
1948), Sao Paulo (V Międzynarodowe
Biennale Sztuki 1959), Aleksandrii
(Muzeum Sztuk Pięknych, 1959),
Brukseli (Pałac Sztuk Pięknych, 1959),
Sztokholmie
(Królewska
Akademia
Sztuki, 1959), Paryżu (Musee National
d’Art Moderne, 1961), Oslo (Galeria
Narodowa, 1961), Essen (Folkwang
Museum, 1962), Nancy (Mus?e des
Beaux-Arts,
1967),
Edynburgu
(Szkocka Narodowa Galeria Sztuki
Współczesnej, 1969), Chicago (1969),
Waszyngtonie (1969) i Nowym Jorku
(1969). Wyczerpująca retrospektywna
wystawa twórczości Cybisa odbyła się
w Galerii Sztuki Współczesnej Zachęta
na przełomie 1997 i 1998. Swoje
rozważania na temat sztuki i kultury,
malarskiego widzenia i warsztatu
acquire autonomous meaning there. On
canvas, a color exists solely through
contrast with other colors. Concepts
for colors derive from the game that is
assumed, as a result of which colors that
seek to simulate nature do not work in
the dimension of the painting... A canvas
is never so much executed as it should
be resolved in a painterly manner." (R.
II, 1931, no. 12) Cybis had his first solo
exhibition in 1932 at the Friends of the
Fine Arts Society in Krakow. The artist
also presented his works at the Salons
of the Institute of Art Propaganda
in Warsaw and the Association of
Polish Visual Artists in Krakow. He
represented Poland at the Venice Art
Biennale in 1934 and at the exhibition
mounted by the Carnegie Institute in
Pittsburgh in 1938. In 1937 he became
editor-in-chief of the "Artists' Voice",
a periodical that by this time had
become the official publication of the
Capists and Colorists.
In 1948 he was appointed a professor at
the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw.
During the Socialist Realist period
he was prevented from teaching for
ideological reasons; throughout this
time Cybis was a curator at the National
Museum in Warsaw. Between 1955 and
1957 he lectured at the State Higher
School of the Visual Arts in Sopot and
was subsequently reinstated at the
Academy in Warsaw in 1957. Cybis
showed his works during solo exhibitions
at Warsaw's Zacheta Gallery (1956)
and at the National Museum (1965). He
participated in numerous presentations
of Polish art abroad, in Venice (Biennale,
1948), Sao Paulo (5th International Art
Biennale, 1959), Alexandria (Museum
of Fine Arts, 1959), Brussels (Palace
of Fine Arts, 1959), Stockholm (Royal
Academy of Art, 1959), Paris (Musee
National d'Art Moderne, 1961), Oslo
(National Gallery, 1961), Essen (Folkwang
Museum, 1962), Nancy (Musée des
Beaux-Arts, 1967), Edinburgh (Scottish
National Gallery of Contemporary Art,
1969), Chicago (1969), Washington,
D.C. (1969), and New York (1969). A
comprehensive retrospective of Cybis's
works was held at the Zacheta National
Contemporary Art Gallery at the turn
of 1997 and 1998.
36
Cybis recorded his reflections on art and
culture and on the painter's gaze and
skills in his journals dating from 1954
to 1966, which were later published as a
volume titled NOTATKI MALARSKIE /
NOTES ON PAINTING (Warsaw, 1980).
He also made a significant contribution
to the development of Polish art
history by translating E. Fromentin's
THE MASTERS OF PAST TIME. In
1955 he was granted a State award
(1st class) for lifetime achievement as
a painter and a Polish People's Republic
10th Anniversary Medal. In 1973 a
painting award bearing his name was
established;
zawarł Cybis w dziennikach z lat 19541966 opublikowanych w tomie „Notatki
malarskie” (Warszawa 1980). Wniósł
także istotny wkład w rozwój polskiej
historii sztuki tłumaczeniem dzieła E.
Fromentina „Mistrzowie dawni”. W 1955
r. otrzymał Nagrodę Państwową I stopnia
za całokształt twórczości malarskiej i
Medal X-lecia Polski Ludowej. W 1973
r. ustanowiono doroczną nagrodę jego
imienia w zakresie malarstwa.
Tomasz Różycki
Tomasz Rozycki a poet
Tomasz Różycki, born in 1970, is a
poet and translator living in Opole,
Poland. To date, he has published four
collections of poems to great acclaim:
Vaterland (1997), Anima (1999), Chata
umaita (2001) and Ś wiat i antyświat
(2003), as well as the long epic poem
Dwanascie stacji (2004), for which
he was awarded the Koscielski Prize,
the most prestigious literary prize
for Polish writers under forty. He
has participated in Literaturexpress
Europa 2000, the Krakow-Houston
Summer Poetry Seminar (2004), and
other international poetry festivals.
His poems have been translated into
German, English, French, Spanish,
Russian and Ukrainian, and published in
anthologies of modern Polish poetry in
Bulgaria, Lithuania, and Germany.
Tomasz Różycki (ur. 1970) - polski
poeta, tłumacz, romanista, mieszka w
Opolu. Laureat Nagrody Kościelskich,
którą otrzymał za poemat „Dwanaście
stacji” (2004). Publikował w licznych
czasopismach w Polsce i za granicą.
Jego wiersze tłumaczone były na
wiele języków europejskich. Fragment
utworu „Dwanaście stacji” stał się
tematem rozszerzonej matury z języka
polskiego w roku 2007. Tom „Kolonie”
był nominowany do Literackiej Nagrody
Nike w roku 2007 i znalazł się w
finałowej siódemce tej nagrody. Jego
najbardziej znany utwór, „Dwanaście
stacji” to poemat, który odwołuje się
m.in. do „Pana Tadeusza” Mickiewicza i
„Kartoteki” Różewicza.
Arkadiusz Janiczek
Arkadiusz Janiczek (ur. 14 stycznia
1974 w Opolu), polski aktor teatralny
i filmowy. Występuje na scenie Teatru
Narodowego w Warszawie. Jego debiut
teatralny nastąpił 19 listopada 1997.
W 1998 ukończył studia na Akademii
Teatralnej w Warszawie. Żonaty.
He is the graduate of Drama Academy
in Warsaw in 1998. He works in the
National theatre in Warsaw. He played
in many TV series.Occupation: the
actor, the screenwriter
37
Arkadiusz
Wywiad z aktorem Arkadiuszem
Janiczkiem
-Did you think of becoming an actor
when you were a child?
-I liked to attract people’s attention all
the time. The parents used to tell the
story that once I got lost in the stadium
during the feast activities. They finally
found me while I was singing along with
Helena Vondrackova, the Chech famous
singer.
-Why did you decide to be an actor??
- My parents made me choose the
Vocational
Secondary
school
of
mechanical profile- the built of the
machines. It was a kind of tradition at
our family. My father and uncle used
to go to this school. My parents knew
that I liked acting but they said that I
should have the job first and then seize
the day and try to fulfil the dreams. But
the need for expressing myself didn’t
leave me during the study at school
and I decided to take the exams to the
Drama School.
-What do you like in your job??
-Acting on the stage in the theatre
is the essential for each actor. This
possibility I appreciate the most. I like
the adrenaline which every contact with
the live audience makes. I like to play on
audience’s emotions and the uncertainty
when the curtain goes up
- How do you fight with jitters?
- I don’t do it anymore. After several
seasons in the theatre, I realised that
the jitters is connected with this job. .
- Are you superstitious?
- No, I am not.
-Which role are you dreaming of??
I dream of working with good directors,
actors because only then even not so
special role can be the challange and
the adventure.
- Is there a role which you would deny
at once??
- No, there is not. It would not be
proffessional.
-Czy myślał Pan o zostaniu aktorem,
kiedy był Pan mały?
-Lubiłem zwracać uwagę na siebie.
Rodzice opowiadali mi historyjkę, że
gdy byłem dzieckiem to raz zgubiłem się
na stadionie podczas imprezy. Rodzice
znaleźli mnie gdy śpiewałem na scenie z
Heleną Vondrackową.
-Dlaczego zdecydował sie Pan na
zostanie aktorem?
-Moi rodzice zdecydowali, ze wybrałem
Technikum Mechaniczne o specjalności
Budowa Maszyn. To był rodzaj tradycji
w naszej rodzinie. Mój ojciec i wujek
chodzili do tej szkoły. Rodzice wiedzieli,
że lubię aktorstwo, ale uznali, ż e w
pierwszej kolejności muszę zdobyć
zawód. Potrzeba wyrażania siebie nie
opuściła mnie i i zdecydowałem się
zdawać do szkoły teatralnej.
- Co podoba się Panu w pracy
aktorskiej?
- Granie na scenie w teatrze jest ważne
dla każdego aktora. Tą możliwość cenię
najbardziej. Lubię gdy wydziela się
adrenalina przy każdym kontakcie z
publicznością. Lubię niepewność kiedy
kurtyna idzie w górę.
-Jak Pan walczy z tremą?
-Nie walczę już. Po paru latach w teatrze
zrozumiałem, że trema jest związana z
tym zawodem.
- Czy jest Pan przesadny?
- Nie , nie jestem
-O jakiej roli Pan marzy?
- Marzę o pracy z dobrymi reżyserami,
aktorami ponieważ tylko wtedy nawet nie
tak specjalna rola może być wyzwaniem
i przygodą.
- Czy jest rola, którą by Pan odrzucił?
-Nie. to nie byłoby profesjonalne.
The interview
Janiczek
with
38
Gastronomy
Polish Cuisine
Gastronomia
Kuchnia polska
Polish Cuisine (Polish: kuchnia polska) is
a mixture of Slavic culinary traditions.
It is rich in meat, especially chicken and
pork, and winter vegetables (cabbage in
the dish bigos), and spices, as well as
different kinds of noodles the most
notable of which are the pierogi. It is
related to other Slavic cuisines in usage
of kasza and other cereals. Generally
speaking, Polish cuisine is substantial.
The traditional cuisine generally is
demanding and Poles allow themselves a
generous amount of time to prepare and
enjoy their festive meals, with some
meals (like Christmas eve or Easter
Breakfast) taking a number of days to
prepare in their entirety. Traditionally,
the main meal is eaten at about 2pm and
is usually composed of three courses,
starting with a soup, such as popular
bouillon or tomato or more festive
barszcz (beet) or żurek (sour rye meal
mash), followed perhaps in a restaurant
by an appetizer of herring (prepared
in either cream, oil, or vinegar). Other
popular appetizers are various cured
meats, vegetables or fish in aspic. The
main course is usually meaty including a
roast or kotlet schabowy (breaded pork
cutlet). Vegetables, currently replaced
by leaf salad, were not very long ago
most commonly served as 'surowka' shredded root vegetabes with lemon
and sugar (carrot, celeriac, beetroot)
or
fermented
cabbage
(kapusta
kwaszona). The sides are usually boiled
potaotes or more tradishionally kasha
(cereals). Meals often conclude with a
dessert such as makowiec (poppy seed
cake), or drożdżówka, a type of yeast
cake. Other Polish specialities include
chłodnik (a chilled beet or fruit soup
for hot days), golonka (pork knuckles
cooked with vegetables), kołduny (meat
dumplings), zrazy (stuffed slices of
beef), salceson.
Kuchnia polska to dość złożone zjawisko
kulinarne. W odróżnieniu od wielu
innych kuchni narodowych, trudno jest
w polskiej tradycji znaleźć rzeczywiście
„oryginalne” – „czysto polskie” potrawy.
Na
kształtowanie
się
kulinarnej
świadomości smakoszy zamieszkujących
Polskę miały wpływ przemiany historyczne,
na przestrzeni dziejów ulegała ona wielu
wpływom i zmianom. Znane są wpływy
niemieckie,
francuskie,
orientalne,
włoskie czy ż ydowskie. Kuchnię polską
charakteryzuje też bardzo duży
regionalizm, wynikający jeszcze z
okresu rozbiorowego. Można przyjąć,
że podstawowy zrąb kuchni polskiej
stanowią potrawy wspólne dla większości
narodów północnosłowiańskich. Zestaw
był w okresie Rzeczypospolitej Obojga
Narodów uzupełniony przez silne
wpływy litewskie, niemieckie i tatarskotureckie.
39
The Silesian Cuisine
Kuchnia śląska
Zymła - a well-baked bread roll, oval
with a division in the middle, topped
with poppy seeds, similar to Austrian
Keisersemmel.
Kluski ślą skie (Silesian dumplings) round shaped dumplings served with
gravy, made of mashed boiled potatoes,
finely grated raw potatoes, an egg,
grated onion, wheat flour and potato
flour.
Rolada z modrą kapustą (roladen with
red cabbage) - best-quality beef-meat
roll; stuffed with pickled vegetable,
ham, and good amount of seasoning;
always served with red cabbage (with
fried bacon, fresh onion and allspice);
traditionally eaten with kluski śląskie
for Sunday dinner.
Szałot (Silesian potato salad) - a salat
made of squares of boiled potatoes,
carrots, peas, ham, various sausages,
pickled fish, boiled eggs, bonded
witholive oil or mayonnaise. Krupniok
- kind of blood sausage made of kasha
and animal blood. żymlok - like krupniok
but instead kasha there is bread roll
Wodzionka or brołtzupa (ger. brot bread, pol. zupa - soup) - soup with
garlic and squares of dried rye bread.
Siemieniotka - soup made of hemp
seed, one of main Christmas Eve meals.
Knysza - pita bread with meat and
lots of cabbage. Makiełki or moczka
or makówki - traditional Christmas
Eve dessert, its main ingredients
are: gingerbread extract, nuts and
dried fruit, strawberry compote and
almonds. Poppy seed pastry - many
elaborate recipes possible; based on
finely ground poppy seeds, with raisins,
almonds, candied citrus peels, honey,
sugar, pudding, and flavoured with rum.
Decorated with fingers of crumbling.
Ciapkapusta (lub pańciówa) jest to
danie podawane na Ślą sku w postaci
wymieszanych w papkę ziemniaków i
białej lub kiszonej (kwaszonej) kapusty.
Tego typu danie podaje się z mięsem,
często z żeberkami. Inne określenia to:
ciaperkapusta, ciaperkraut, ciaprówa,
pańczkraut,
klaplastra,
ciamciówa.
Rolada z modrom kapustom (czerwoną
kapustą)żur żyniatykarminadle (używana
też nazwa karbinadle) potrawa kuchni
górnośląskiej. Są kotlety mielone
przygotowywane z mięsa wieprzowego,
wieprzowo-wołowego
ale
również
dawniej z króliczego, ponieważ na
Górnym Ślą sku był powszechny chów
królików. Karminadle w przeszłości
były daniem odświętnym, obecnie stały
się potrawą podawaną w tygodniu.
Pokrojone na plastry spożywane są
również na zimno jako obłożenie
kanapek z chleba lub bułek. Wodzionka
regionalna zupa ślą ska. Jej bazą jest
gorąca woda, która zalewa się pozostałe,
bardzo proste składniki. Sporządzana
przez zalanie czerstwego chleba (2-3
dniowego) rosołem lub wodą z kostką
bulionową, a następnie dodanie czosnku
(drobno posiekanego i rozgniecionego z
solą). Dodaje się też smalcu lub masła.
Wodzionka jest też czasem spożywana
z bratkartoflami, czyli pieczonymi
ziemniakami. Wodzionka wykonywana
zgodnie z ‘tradycyjną recepturą’, zawiera
boczek pokrojony w kostki, usmażony
na patelni, tak ż eby powstały skwarki.
Czosnek zagniata się z solą, a czerstwy
chleb kroi i dokłada czosnek, zalewając
wszystko skwarkami z tłuszczem, a
następnie
gorącą
wodą.Niemczech
znana jest jako Wassersuppe (Wasser woda i Suppe - zupa), jednak nie jest to
zupa o dokładnie tej samej recepturze.
Szałot- potrawa sporządzana na zimno z
pokrojonych surowych lub ugotowanych
warzyw, owoców, jaj, mięs i przypraw,
często z dodatkiem majonezu, śmietany
lub innych sosów.
40
The ZOO in Opole
Opolskie ZOO
The zoological garden of Opole Is a
green oasis of tranquility and relaxation
situated in the town’s center amid
mature wood of the Bolko Island. It was
originally created in 1930 as a small zoo.
In 1937 it was purchased by the town
and enriched with new animal species.
It twice revived after having been
destructed: in the post-war period in
1953, and in the millennium flood,
which affected the region and Opole
in 1997. The zoo was then not only
rebuilt, but also enlarged several times
in terms of area and the number of
animals, which now are being shown
there in the middle of beautiful nature
and under the conditions of great zoo
hygienic, botanic, and educative care.
The Zoo terrain is divided into sections
representing the continents: Eurasia,
Africa, Australia and South America,
On an area of 30 ha, the zoo of
Opole keeps more than 1,000 animals
descending from about 130 species,
among them Poland’s only lowland
Opolskie
ZOO
jest
jednym
z
najpiękniejszych ogrodów zoologicznych
w Polsce. Położone jest w parku na
wyspie Bolko oddalonej o 15 minut
spacerem od centrum miasta. Powstał
jako mały zwierzyniec w 1930 r., w
1937 r. został wykupiony przez miasto i
wzbogacony. Dwukrotnie odradzał się ze
zniszczeń; powojennych w 1953 r. i po
powodzi, jaka nawiedziła miasto Opole
w 1997 r. Wówczas nastąpiła nie tylko
odbudowa ZOO, ale także powiększenie
jego powierzchni oraz ilości zwierząt.
Powstała wtedy koncepcja rozwoju
ogrodu, polegająca na tworzeniu
ekspozycji mieszanych z podziałem
terenu na krainy zoogeograficzne:
Eurazję, Afrykę, Australię, Amerykę
Południową. Opolskie Zoo zajmuje
powierzchnię 30 ha, hoduje ponad
1000 zwierząt, reprezentujących około
130 gatunków, w tym jedyne w Polsce
goryle nizinne i uchatki kalifornijskie.
Największe sukcesy hodowlane ogrodu
zoologicznego to rozmnażanie m.in.
hipopotamów karłowatych, kapibar,
oryksów,
szablorogich,
serwali,
kangurów i lemurów. Dla dzieci
dodatkowymi atrakcjami są plac zabaw,
pokazy karmienia zwierząt oraz mini zoo
– jedyne miejsce gdzie można dotykać,
głaskać i karmić zwierzęta. W opolskim
ZOO prowadzona jest akcja honorowej
adopcji zwierząt.
Osoby prywatne lub firmy przejmują
część kosztów utrzymania wybranych
zwierząt – w zamian przy wybiegu
wybranego zwierzęcia umieszczana jest
tabliczka informującą o darczyńcy.
gorillas and California sea lions. One of
the greatest zoo-technical successes
in the reproduction of several species,
i.e.: pygmy hippopotamus, capybara,
scimitar-horned Oryx, serval, kangaroo
and lemur. For children, in addition,
there are also: big playground, picnic
area and mini zoo, where everyone
can stroke, touch and feed animals.
Private people or firms share the cost
of upbringing the animals, which special
boards inform about.
41
Active tourism- the tracks
Aktywny wypoczynek
Here comes an offer for lovers of
walking and biking who are keen on
spending their free time actively in
the open air, whether alone or with
their families. Anyone taking interest
in the art of secred architecture that
developed at the turn of the 18th
century is encouraged to take a ,,
Route of wooden sacred architecture”
stretching from Opole to Olesno. The
route gives an apportunity to visit 12
historical churches erected from wood.
However, if someone wants to become
more familiar with the philosophy of
lifes as practiced in the Middle Ages
and have a better understanding of
religion, tradition and culture should by
far visit the environs of Brzeg with the
largest collection of Gothic paintings
ever documents . The sightseeing
lovers of nature and hiking. Here you
may have a look at many protected
plants species, some of which have
even been entered into the ,, Red
List”. Ardent hikers can tread along
specially designed tourists routes with
a total length of 77 kilometers. You
may also walk around the Parkowa Hill
choosing the Route of Golden Torrent
or any other marked tourist track.
Visiting towns situated on the European
Cistercian route as well as stopping by
defensive castles, some of which dating
back to the ancient Dutchy of Nysa
and some sited in the vicinity of Brzeg,
may give an undeniable pleasure.
To propozycja dla miłośników wypraw
pieszych,
rowerowych
lubiących
samotnie lub z rodziną spędzać
aktywnie czas na śwież ym powietrzu.
Osoby
zainteresowane
sztuką
budownictwa sakralnego XVII/XVIII
w. zapraszamy na „Szlak drewnianego
budownictwa sakralnego” – OpoleOlesno. Na trasie szlaku znajduje się 12
wielowiekowych kościółków drewnianych.
Dla osób chcących bliżej poznać
średniowieczny sposób patrzenia na
świat, lepiej zrozumieć religię, tradycję
i kulturę, proponujemy Ziemię Brzeską.
Znajduje się tam największe skupisko
udokumentowanych gotyckich malowideł.
Trasa rozpoczyna się w Brzegu,
gdzie oprócz zabytków bezpośrednio
związanych ze szlakiem, zwiedzić można
renesansowy Zamek Piastów Śląskich.
Zwolennicy aktywnego wypoczynku w
czasie weekendu mogą skorzystać ze
stadionów, boisk, sal gimnastycznych,
krytych
pływalni,
kąpielisk
oraz
ośrodków sportowo – rekreacyjnych.
Godne polecenia są ośrodki w Opolu,
Nysie, Strzelcach Opolskich, Brzegu,
Kędzierzynie-Koźlu,
Grodkowie,
Prudniku, Kluczborku. Miło i przyjemnie
można spędzić również czas, uczestnicząc
w imprezach kulturalno-sportowych,
które odbywają się w różnych
ciekawych zakątkach Opolszczyzny. Od
prawie 40 lat w czerwcu Opole goście
piosenkarzy i artystów na Krajowym
Festiwalu Piosenki Polskiej, Brzeg
przeżywa kolejny „Najazd Poetów”
na Zamek Piastów Ślą skich, w maju
w Mosznej, jak co roku, odbywać się
będzie Muzyczne Świę to Kwitnącej
Azalii. Ponadto organizowane są liczne
imprezy sportowe i kulturalne przez
mieszkańców grodów i wsi opolskich, np.
dni Nysy, Święto Kwiatów w Otmuchowie,
festyny, dożynki.
42
Rivers and lakes
Rzeki i jeziora
The Province of Opole has several rivers
and reservoirs specially
designated
for water recreation and sailing. The
biggest lakes, usually artificial, may
be found in Turawa near Opole and in
the cities of Nysa and Otmuchów not
far from the Polish and Czech border.
The most popular of them are: the
Odra River, mountainous stretches of
the Nysa Kłodzka River and the Biała
Głuchołaska River, lower parts of the
Mała Panew and the Osrobłoga River
and finally the tranquil Stobrawa River
that flows through low lying woodland
(Bory Stobrawskie) across the Natural
Scenic Area named after that timeworn forest.
Na
terenie
woj.
opolskiego
znajduj się kilka rzek i akwenów,
służących rekreacji wodnej i żeglarstwu.
Największe zbiorniki sztuczne znajdują
się w Turawie koło Opola oraz w
pobliżu granicy
polsko-czeskiej w
Nysie i w Otmuchowie. Największym
powodzeniem cieszą się rzeka Odra,
odcinki górskie rzek Nysy Kłodzkiej i
Białej Głuchołaskiej, Dolne odcinki Małej
Panwi i Osrobłogi oraz cicha nizinna
rzeka Stobrawa Stobrawskiego Parku
Krajobrazowego, która płynie przez
Bory Stobrawskie.
The festival of Polish Song
Festiwal Polskiej Piosenki
In 1958 on the initiative of Karol
Musioł, long serving chairman of the
National Council, it was decided to build
an amphitheatre. In turn, journalists
from the Polish Radio 3rd Programme Mateusz Świę cicki and Jerzy Grogulas
had the idea of organising a National
Festival of Polish Songs there. These
ideas bore fruit while Karol Musioł still
lived; and on the 19th of June 1963
for the first time the fanfare of the
inaugural notes of the festival was
heard. The festival was organised by
the Association of Friends of Opole
and the Opole Bandstand. In 1995
the festival passed under the aegis
of Polish Television. Thousands of
artists have appeared in the festival
concerts; for dozens of them the Opole
Amphitheatre was the start of meteoric
singing careers; hundreds of songs
were launched, which were sung by the
whole of Poland. The Amphitheatre
accommodates an audience of 5640,
and the 42 rows of benches are 2800
metres in length. The Amphitheatre was
designed by a local architect, Florian
Jesionowski.
W 1958 z inicjatywy Karola Musiola,
przewodniczącego
rady
Miasta
Opola zbudowano amfiteatr opolski.
Dziennikarze z programu III Polskiego
radia wpadli na pomysł zorganizowania
Krajowego Festiwalu Polskiej Piosenki.
19 czerwca 1963 odbył się pierwszy
festiwal. Był on zorganizowany przez
Towarzystwo Przyjacioł Miasta Opola.
W 1995 organizacja festiwalu została
przekazana Telewizji Polskiej.
Tysiące artystów występowało na
festiwalu opolskim. Wielu z nich
rozpoczęło tutaj swoją karierę. Wiele
piosenek zostało wylansowanych i były
one potem śpiewane przez całą Polskę.
Amfiteatr mieści 5640 widzów i ma 42
rzędy długich na 2 2800 metrów. Florian
Jesionowski,
miejscowy
architekt
zaprojektował amfiteatr.
43
Bucharest
An old heart in a young body
44
Contents
Cuprins
Geography: Muntenia- Our Province46
Palaces and Monasteries 46
Mud Volcanoes 47
Princely Residencies 48
Thermal Waters 48
History and Past: Bucharest Data 49
Bucharest’s Coat of Arms 49
The Legend of Bucharest 49
The Legend of Dracula 49
A Celebration of Love 50
Easter 50
All Saints’ Day: Mucenici 50
St Andrews Day 50
March 1st: Martisor 51
Midsummer Day: Sanzienele 51
The Epiphany: Boboteaza 51
Places and Monuments: Cernica 52
Linden Inn 52
The Old Court 52
Mogosoaia 52
The Vilacrosse Passage 52
The Village Museum 53
Victory Avenue 53
Bucharest Town Museum 53
The House of the People 53
The House of the Free Press 54
The Patriarchal Cathedral 54
The Savings Bank Museum 54
The Railroads Museum 54
The Arch of Triumph 55
The Old Maps Museum 55
The Natural History Museum 55
The Minovici Museum 55
The National Art Museum 56
Cotroceni Palace 56
Personalities: Ana Aslan 56
Constantin Brancusi 56
Mircea Eliade 57
Mihai Eminescu 57
George Enescu 57
Iulia Hasdeu 58
Eugen Ionesco 58
Maria Tanase 58
Events and Leisure: A Music Festival
Bread Market 59
“George Enescu” Festival 59
A Night with the Dinosaurs 59
The Carol Park 59
The Cismigiu Garden 60
The Herastrau Park 60
Old Trains 60
Theaters and Concert Halls 60
The National Theater 61
The National Opera 62
Gastronomy 62
Geografie: Muntenia 46
Palate si manastiri 46
Vulcanii Noroiosi 47
Resedinte domnesti 48
Ape termale 48
Istorie si trecut: Bucuresti-istoric 49
Stema Bucurestiului 49
Legenda Bucurestiului 49
Legenda lui Dracula 49
Dragobete 50
Traditii de Paste 50
Mucenicii 50
Ziua SfantuluiAndrei 50
Martisor 51
Sanzienele 51
Traditii de Boboteaza 51
Locuri si monumente: Cernica 52
Hanul cu Tei 52
Curtea Veche 52
Mogosoaia 52
Pasajul Vilacrosse 52
Muzeul Satului 53
Calea Victoriei 53
Muzeul Orasului Bucuresti 53
Casa Poporului 53
Casa Presei Libere 54
Catedrala Patriarhala 54
Muzeul CEC 54
Muzeul Cailor Ferate Romane54
Arcul de Triumf 55
Muzeul Hartilor Vechi 55
Muzeul de Stiinte Naturale 55
Muzeul Minovici 55
Muzeul National de Arta 56
Palatul Cotroceni 56
Personalitati: Ana Aslan 56
Constantin Brancusi 56
Mircea Eliade 57
Mihai Eminescu 57
George Enescu 57
Iulia Hasdeu58
Eugen Ionesco 58
Maria Tanase 58
Evenimente si timp liber: “Om Bun” 59
Targul de Paine 59
Festivalul “George Enescu” 59
O noapte cu dinozaurii 59
Parcul Carol 59
Gradina Cismigiu 60
Parcul Herastrau 60
Trenuri de epoca 60
Teatre si sali de concert 60
Teatrul National 61
Opera Nationala 62
Gastronomie 62
45
Geography
Muntenia-Our Province
Geografie
Muntenia, provincia in care traim
Muntenia is the Eastern half of
Wallachia. The state was founded at
the beginning of the 14th century,
during the reign of Basarab I. The
old capital, Curtea de Arges, was first
mentioned in a document in 1330. The
town still keeps its ancient look mostly
due to St. Nicholas’ s Church, one of
the oldest churches in Romania, and to
the Arges Monastery, an 17th century
monument. It has a beautiful legend
about a craftsman named Manole, who
walled up his wife in the foundation.
Inside one can see the tombs of kings
and queens of Romania. Near the town
there are the ruins of the Poienari
citadel, usually included in the tourists’
routes connected to Dracula and linked
to the reign of Vlad the Impaler.
Another attraction is the Vidraru lake
and the dam. The Prahova Valley is a
place travelers and ski-lovers know.
Sinaia, a mountain resort, is only 127
km away from Bucharest. The best
known attraction here is the Peles
Castle, formerly the residence of the
royal family. It’s only one of the three
beautiful castles here. The folklore of
Muntenia is diverse. One of the most
interesting holidays, is Dragaica, on the
24th of June, near the summer solstice.
The women in Muntenia are famous
for their weaving and embroidering.
Among the traditional food are the
noodle chicken soup, the minced meat
balls soup, the pork stew, the cheese,
apple or pumpkin pie and the famous
“mititei”.
Muntenia este partea de est a Valahiei,
numita si Tara Romaneasca. Bazele ei
s-au pus la inceputul secolului XIV, in
timpul domniei lui Basarab I. Vechea
capitala Curtea de Arges a fost prima
data mentionata intr-un document in
anul 1330. Orasul isi pastreaza vechiul
aspect datorita bisericii Sf. Nicolae,
una dintre cele mai vechi biserici din
tara, si Manastirii Argesului, monument
arhitectural din sec. XVII. De ea se
leaga legenda despre zidarul Manole
care si-a zidit de vie propria sotie in
fundatie ca ea sa nu se prabuseasca.
Inauntru poti vedea mormintele unor
regi si regine ai Romaniei. Langa oras
se afla ruinele Cetatii Poienari, inclusa
in rutele turistice legate de Dracula.
Cetatea a apartinut domnitorului roman
Vlad Tepes. O alta atractie turistica
este lacul si barajul Vidraru. Una dintre
cele mai populare destinatii din regiunea
noastra este Valea Prahovei, un loc
familiar turistilor si iubitorilor de schi.
Sinaia e doar la 127 km de Bucuresti. Cea
mai vestita atractie a ei e Castelul Peles,
fosta resedinta a familiei regale. Este
doar unul din cele trei castele de aici.
Folclorul din Muntenia este divers. Una
dintre cele mai interesante sarbatori
este Dragaica, sarbatorita pe 24 iunie.
Femeile din Muntenia sunt faimoase
pentru impletiturile si broderiilelor lor.
Din mancarea traditionala a zonei poti
gusta supa de pui cu taitei, ciorba de
perisoare, tocana de porc, placinta cu
branza, mere sau dovleac sau faimosii
’’mititei’’.
Cernica: 12 km from Bucharest, near
the forest and the lake with the same
name, there is the Cernica Monastery.
It was built in 1608. The abbot Calinic,
buried here and considered to be a
saint, founded the existing church in
1842. There is the tomb of a great
painter: Ioan Tuculescu.
Tiganesti: This monastery situated on
the shore of a lake, 34 kilometres from
Bucharest, has a church built in 1812. It
shelters an important collection of old
books and religious art objects. There
are also embroidery and canonical
clothes workshops.
Cernica: La 12 km de Bucuresti, langa
padurea si lacul cu acelasi nume se afla
Manastirea Cernica, construita in 1608.
Calugarul Calinic, considerat sfant si
ingropat aici, a pus bazele bisericii de
azi in 1842. Aici se afla si mormantul unui
mare pictor roman, Ioan Tuculescu.
Palaces & Monasteries
Palate si manastiri
Tiganesti: Manastirea este situata pe
malul lacului, la 34 km de Bucuresti. Are
o biserica construita in 1812. Aceasta
adaposteste o importanta colectie de
carti si obiecte religioase. Aici se afla
de asemenea un atelier pentru broderii
si haine bisericesti.
46
Pasarea: The monastery was also
founded by the abbot Calinic from
Cernica, in 1847. It’s 29 km away
from Bucharest and you can also see
a museum and the memorial house of
the sculptor Gh. Anghel. There are
carpet-weaving and enameled objects
workshops. The village is near a lake and
a forest. You can spend a night in the
nuns’ picturesque little houses.
Mogosoaia: This is both a palace and
an architectural monument, only 14
km away from Bucharest. It hosts a
feudal art museum with silver objects,
embroideries, sculptures, rare books
and documents. It was built during the
reign of C-tin Brancoveanu, in 1702, on
the shore of the lake with the same
name. The park was redone during the
last century by a French landscape
architect and it adds charm to this
place.
Caldarusani:
This
17th
century
monastery, only 28 km from Bucharest,
was also built on the lake shore, during
Matei Basarab’s reign. The building
shelters an important collection of
books and canonicals. The most beautiful
icons are signed by the famous painter
N. Grigorescu.
Potlogi:
Constantin
Brancoveanu
founded this residence as a place to
rest on his way from Bucharest to
Targoviste. This palace was endowed
with running water and bathrooms and
it was more comfortable than most
European castles at that time. It is
surrounded by a garden and there is a
nice pond nearby.
Pasarea: Aceasta manastire de maici
a fost fondata tot de abatele Calinic
din Cernica, in 1847. Ea se afla la 29 de
km de Bucuresti si puteti vedea un mic
muzeu si casa memoriala a sculptorului
Gh. Anghel. Aici se afla ateliere pentru
covoare si obiecte din email. Satul se
afla langa lacul si padurea Cernica.
Turistii pot innopta in casutele pitoresti
ale calugaritelor.
Mogosoaia: Mogosoaia este in acelasi
timp palat si monument arhitectural,
aflat la numai 14 km de Bucuresti.
Edificiul gazduieste un muzeu de arta
feudala cu obiecte de argint, broderii,
sculpturi, carti rare si documente.
Palatul a fost construit in timpul lui C-tin
Brancoveanu, in 1702, pe malul lacului cu
acelasi nume. Parcul a fost reamenajat
in secolul trecut de catre un arhitect
peisagist francez, adaugand un farmec
special atmosferei palatului.
Caldarusani: Aceasta manastire din sec.
al XVII-lea, la 28 de km de Bucuresti a
fost construita pe malul lacului in timpul
domniei lui Matei Basarab. Cladirea
adaposteste o importanta colectie de
carti si obiecte de uz bisericesc. Cele
mai frumoase icoane sunt semnate de
vestitul pictor N. Grigorescu.
Potlogi: C-tin Brancoveanu a construit
resedinta pentru a se odihni in drumul
sau de la Bucuresti la Targoviste. Palatul,
inzestrat cu apa curenta si bai, era mai
confortabil decat castelele europene din
acel timp. El are doua etaje, in fata un
turn cu o logie, ca si palatul Mogosoaia si
o gradina cu un frumos elesteu.
Mud Volcanoes
Vulcanii Noroiosi
The name “Mud Volcano” is used
to designate a slow or sudden mud
eruption accompanied by gas and even
oil emanation. They were first noticed
in our country in 1867 in the Buzau
county, by the French scientist H.
Cognand, during prospections for oil.
The phenomenon is known in the whole
world. They appear due to natural gas
eruptions, seismic movements and
real volcanoes emanations. Here, they
appeared due to the eruptions of gas
from the folded and split areas. There
are three Mud Volcanoes areas. The
heavy rains, the wide deforestations,
the soil sliding and the mud flows give
Denumirea este folosita pentru a
descrie o eruptie de noroi inceata sau
brusca, insotita de emanatii de gaz si
chiar petrol. Vulcanii noroiosi au fost
observati pentru prima oara in tara
noastra in 1867 la Berca, in judetul
Buzau, de catre savantul francez H.
Cognand. Fenomenul este cunoscut in
toata lumea. Ei apar datorita eruptiilor
de gaze naturale, miscarilor seismice
si chiar emanatiilor de la vulcanii reali.
Aici, ei au aparut din cauza eruptiilor de
gaze din zonele cu relief mai pronuntat.
Sunt trei arii cu Vulcani Noroiosi. Ploile
torentiale, defrisarile, alunecarile de
teren si torentele de noroi dau zonei un
47
the area a strange, lunar aspect.
aspect selenar.
The feudal states in Wallachia have
been mentioned in documents as far as
the 12th century. The area between the
Carpathians and the Danube conquered
its independence in 1330, as Basarab
the 1st defeated Carol Robert de Anjou,
a Hungarian king.
In Targoviste, the former capital, you
can see the ruins of the old Princely
Court. The Chindia Tower (“chindie” is
an old word for “sunset”), the symbol
of the town, was raised by Vlad Tepes.
Two churches worth seeing are the
Stelea Church and the Dealu Monastery.
According to a legend, the Negru Voda
Monastery in the town Campulung Muscel
was founded by a mythical character
in 1215. His name could be translated:
the Black Prince. It is considered to be
one of the oldest feudal art monuments
in the country. Only 8 km from
Campulung, in Namaiesti, you can see a
cave hermitage from the 15th century
and a bit further, the ruins of Negru
Voda’s fortress. It was built in the 12th
century and there’s also a 14th century
church carved into the rock. A path
starting from the Arges Valley, a little
bit before the Vidraru Lake, goes up to
the Poienari Fortress. It was raised in
the 14th century and rebuilt during Vlad
Tepes’s reign. To get up there you must
climb 1480 steps.The Curtea de Arges
Monastery, was founded by Neagoe
Basarab. This is the monastery in the
legend of “Mesterul Manole”, about the
mason who had to build his own wife into
the wall in order to make his work last.
Statele feudale din Valahia au fost
mentionate in documente inca din
sec. al XII-lea. Aceasta zona, situata
intre Carpati si Dunare si-a cucerit
independenta in anul 1330, cand armata
lui Basarab I a infrant armata lui Carol
Robert de Anjou, un rege ungar.Daca
vizitezi Targoviste, vechea capitala
a Valahiei, poti descoperi ruinele
Vechii Curti Domnesti. Turnul Chindiei
(“chindie” e un arhaism pentru “apus”)
e simbolul orasului si a fost ridicat
de Vlad Tepes. Biserica Stelea si
manastirea Dealu merita sa fie vazute.
Conform unei legende, Manastirea
Negru Voda din orasul CampulungMuscel a fost intemeiata in 1215 de
catre un personaj mitic, pe nume Negru
Voda. Este unul dintre cele mai vechi
monumente de arta feudala din tara. La
8 km de Campulung, la Namaiesti, poti
vizita o pestera-schit din secolul al XVlea, iar la poalele muntilor Leaota, poti
admira ruinele cetatii lui Negru–Voda
construita in sec. al XII-lea. Tot acolo
poti vedea o biserica din sec. al XIVlea, sculptata in stanca. O carare care
porneste de pe Valea Argesului, putin
inainte de lacul de acumulare de la
Vidraru, urca pana la Cetatea Poienari.
Se pare ca ar fi fost ridicata in sec.
al XIV-lea si reconstruita in timpul lui
Vlad Tepes. Ca sa ajungi aici trebuie sa
urci 1480 de trepte. Manastirea Curtea
de Arges a fost intemeiata de Neagoe
Basarab. Ea este cea din vestita legenda
a a “Mesterului Manole”, despre zidarul
care a trebuit sa-si zideasca sotia in
temelie pentru a face ca opera sa sa
dureze in timp.
Residencies & Churches
Resedinte domnesti si biserici
Bucharest’s Thermal Springs
Izvoarele termale
Bucharest has thermal springs and
researchers proved them to be very
valuable. They were discovered in
1983.The analysis brought up that the
water has 41°C and has a great healing
potential due to its temperature and
chemical content. It is recommended
for treating bones diseases as well as
cardiovascular and neurological ones.
There could be another way of using
the hot water: for heating houses.
Bucurestiul are izvoare termale,
iar cercetatorii au demonstrat ca
sunt foarte valoroase. Ele au fost
descoperite in 1983. Analizele au aratat
ca apa ajunge la 41 °C si are un potential
remarcabil datorita temperaturii si a
compozitiei. Este recomandata pentru
tratarea bolilor de oase, cardiovasculare
si neurologice. Ea poate fi folosita si
altfel: pentru incalzirea locuintelor.
48
History
Bucharest-short history
Istorie
Bucuresti–scurt istoric
More than 5 centuries ago, a shepherd
named Bucur lived in our realms. Charmed
by the beauty of the Dambovita river
and the Vlasiei Wood, he established
a settlement here, named Bucharest
in his memory. In 1859 Wallachia and
Moldavia were united under Cuza’s reign.
Bucharest became the capital of both
countries. On December 1st 1918, as
the Union of Transylvania with Romania
took place, it became the capital of
Romania.
In urma cu 5 secole, un cioban pe
nume Bucur a trait pe taramul nostru.
Fermecat
de
frumusetea
raului
Dambovita si a codrilor Vlasiei, el a
infiintat o asezare. Aceasta asezare
poarta numele de Bucuresti in memoria
lui. In 1859, Al. I. Cuza a unit Valahia cu
Moldova şi Bucurestiul a devenit capitala
ambelor tari. Pe 1 Decembrie 1918 a
avut loc unirea Transilvaniei cu Tara
Romanească ş i Moldova. Bucurestiul a
devenit capitala Romaniei.
This is our city’s coat of arms. It’s carved
on official buildings or represented on
documents. It exists since 1994. In
the middle there is St. Dumitru, the
town’s protector. He symbolises both
the military and the religious power.
The eagle is the symbol of our Latin
origin and the cross represents the
Dacians’ christening. The crown belongs
to Mircea cel Batran. During his reign,
Bucharest became the capital.
Aceasta este stema orasului nostru. O
puteti vedea pe clvadiri administrative
sau pe documente oficiale. Ea exista
din 1994. In mijloc e Sf. Dumitru,
protectorul orasului. El simbolizeaza
atat puterea armelor cat si a credintei.
Vulturul
este
simbolul
latinitatii
poporului nostru, iar crucea orbeste
despre crestinarea dacilor. Coroana
este mai recenta si ii apartine lui
Mircea cel Batran. In timpul domniei lui,
Bucurestiul a devenit capitala tarii.
Bucharest’s Coat of Arms
The Legend of Bucharest
Once upon a time, there was a poor
forest man. He and his daughter
Dambovita lived in a deep forest. One
day, a prince got lost in the forest.
Meeting Dambovita, he asked her to
find his way. The prince asked her to
marry him. Dambovita told him that
she had already promised her hand to
Bucur, a nearby shepherd. To thank
her, the prince gave the girl a little
knife and a spinning top that made any
wish come true. The girl took them and
showed them to Bucur. To prove that
she had been faithful, she thrust the
knife into a stone. From that place came
out a river that was called Dambovita,
and they founded a village on its banks,
named after Bucur.
Dracula, legend and truth Few of the
Romanians had such a strong and longlived universal impact as the ruler
named Vlad Tepes (Vlad the Impaler).
Sometimes connected to the famous
Dracula the unhappy prince of Wallachia
became a legend of the whole world. His
grandfather was a great prince named
Mircea cel Batran. Vlad’s expeditions
in Transylvania made a lot of blood
Stema Bucurestiului
Legenda Bucurestiului
A fost odata un padurar sarac care
traia impreuna cu fiica sa Dambovita
intr-o padure adanca. Intr-o zi un print
s-a ratacit in padure. Intalnind-o pe
Dambovita, i-a cerut acesteia sa ii arate
drumul. Printul a cerut-o de sotie. Atunci
Dambovita i-a spus ca ea deja i-a promis
mana lui Bucur, un pastor din apropiere.
Ca multumire, printul i-a daruit fetei un
cutitas si un titirez care implinea orice
dorinta. Fata a luat cutitul si titirezul si
i le-a aratat lui Bucur. Ca sa ii arate ca
i-a fost credincioasa, ea a infipt cutitul
intr-o piatra. Din acel loc a iesit un rau
care a fost numit Dambovita, iar cei
doi au intemeiat un mic sat pe malul lui,
numit dupa numele lui Bucur.
Dracula-legenda si adevar
Putini romani au avut un asemenea
impact de durata asupra intregii lumi
ca Vlad Tepes. Uneori asemanat cu
Dracula, nefericitul print al Valahiei a
devenit o legenda pentru intreaga lume.
Bunicul sau a fost un domnitor faimos:
Mircea cel Batran. Expeditiile lui Vlad
in Transilvania au facut sa se verse mult
sange, iar sangele este sursa povestilor
despre vampiri. Asadar, legenda s-a
49
flow, and blood brings up the vampireconnected stories. So, the legend was
mixed with reality and fiction started.
In the church of Snagov, situated in the
middle of a lake, you can see his tomb.
He was buried here in 1476.
amestecat cu realitatea, iar fictiunea
a inceput astfel sa lucreze. In biserica
de la Snagov, situata in mijlocul unui lac,
puteti vedea mormantul domnitorului. El
a fost ingropat aici in 1476.
A Romanian Celebration of Love
O sarbatoare a dragostei
Love has a day of its own in the Romanian
folk calendar. It is February 24th when
Dragobete, a sort of Valentine’s Day,
is celebrated. Boys and girls in villages
meet on this day to make their love last
the whole year. No animal is to be hurt
and people don’t even sacrifice a chicken
or hunt on this day. It is said that the
ones who participate to this celebration
will be healthy all year round.
Dragostea are o zi in calendarul
popular roman. Dragobetele, un fel de
Valentine's Day, este sarbatorit pe 24
februarie. Pentru a face ca dragostea
lor sa dureze, baietii si fetele se
intalnesc in aceasta zi. In aceasta zi nici
un animal nu va fi bautut, iar oamenii nici
macar nu vor sacrifica un pui sau vor
vana. Se spune ca cei care vor participa
la aceasta sarbatoare vor fi sanatosi
tot anul.
The Easter Day
Pastele
The Christians used to go to the church,
with food and wine to be sanctified.
By eating these foods, the Lent is
officially over. In some areas people
still wear their traditional costumes
to church. At midnight, people take a
candle from home and go to the church,
to participate at the religious service
of the Resurrection.
Crestinii obisnuiesc sa mearga la
biserica, cu mancare si vin pentru a fi
sfintite. Postul Pastelui s-a incheiat
oficial. Se obisnuieste sa se ciocneasca
oua ce vor fi mancate apoi cu intreaga
familie reunita. La miezul noptii, oamenii
iau de acasa o candela si merg la biserica,
pentru a participa la slujba de Inviere.
Mucenici
Mucenici
The 9th of March is All Saints’ Day. This
holiday gave birth to many Christian
and pre-Christian customs, because
it’s close to the equinox. All over the
country, Romanians eat “mucenici”,
little knot-shaped cookies, looking like
the figure 8, the symbol of infinite. In
Moldavia, they are baked, spread with
honey and sprinkled with ground nuts. In
Wallachia, they are boiled and seasoned
with nuts, sugar, cinnamon.
Pe 9 martie este ziua tuturor sfintilor.
Aceasta sarbatoare a dat nastere
multor obiceiuri frumoase, atat crestine
cat si pre-crestine, pentru ca este
apropiata de echinoctiul de primavara.
In toata tara romanii mananca mucenici,
prajituri in forma de nod, care arata ca
cifra 8, simbolul infinitului. In Moldova
ei sunt copti in cuptor, unsi cu miere si
presarati cu nuca macinata. In Muntenia
sunt fierti si asezonati cu nuci, zahar,
scortisoara.
Saint Andrew’s Day
Sfantul Andrei
November 30th is one of our important
holidays. It is the day we celebrate
Saint Andrew, the protector of our
country. There are many secular
traditions connected to this day, some
of them having their origin on the Roman
celebrations of Saturn. The Dacian New
Year took place by this time. On St.
Andrew’s night, ghosts haunt and harass
the people. For protection, one should
rub the entrance door with garlic and
turn all the dishes upside down. But the
best known tradition connected to this
night is the one about matrimony and
Data de 30 Noiembrie este una dintre
cele mai importante sarbatori din
Romania. Este ziua in care il sarbatorim
pe Sfantul Andrei, apostolul care a
crestinat poporul nostru. Sunt ritualuri
laice legate de aceasta zi, unele dintre
ele cu originea in traditia a celebrarii
lui Saturn. Anul Nou al dacilor avea loc
acum. De Sf. Andrei, noaptea, fantomele
bantuie. Pentru protectie, ar trebui sa
se puna usturoi la usa de intare si sa
se intoarca toate vasele cu gura in jos.
Dar cea mai cunoscuta traditie legata
de aceasta noapte este cea despre
50
premonitory dreams.
casatorie si vise prevestitoare.
Romanians have a beautiful ancient
tradition on the 1st of March: the
holiday called Martisor, a word that
means “Amulet”. You might notice a
similarity between Martie and the
ancient Roman god “Mars” or “Marte”
in Latin. More than 2000 years ago,
the Dacians had that tradition too. Its
meaning was greatly enlarged. It was
considered a protective charm for the
children, animals and for the next year.
Nowadays "Martisor" is present all over
the country, but you can find a similar
tradition in Macedonia and Albania too.
In Romania it symbolises the joy of the
coming spring.
Romanii au o traditie antica foarte
frumoasa in prima zi din Martie :
sarbatoarea Martisorului. Exista o
asemanare intre Martie si anticul Zeu
Roman “Marte” in limba latina. Cu peste
2000 de ani in urma, dacii aveau si ei
aceasta traditie. Sensul Martisorului
a fost mult largit. Era considerat a
fi o vraja protectoare pentru copii,
animale si pentru anul urmator. In
ziua de azi, Martisorul este prezent in
toata Romania, dar poti gasi o traditie
asemanatoare in alte tari cum ar fi
Macedonia si Albania. In Romania, el
simbolizeaza bucuria venirii primaverii.
Sanzienele
Sanzienele
On June 24th we celebrate the most
spectacular pagan holiday of the year.
It marks the beginning of the summer.
It’s connected to crops, vegetation
and fertility. This night is the best
time to pick herbs and that can be
used as medicine. Sanziana is a wild
golden flower that grows in meadows
or forests. In the peasants’ stories,
Sazienele are a sort of fairies, light
and beneficial. At night, they turn into
fair-haired girls who dance under the
moon. The flowers also protect against
evil, bring good luck and health. Girls
put them under the pillow in order to
dream of the one who is destined to
them, women wear them in their bosom
or in their hair to be attractive.
Cea mai spectaculoasa sarbatoare pagana
a anului e pe 24 iunie. Ea marcheaza
inceputul verii si are legatura cu recolta,
vegetatia si fertilitatea. Aceasta noapte
este cea mai buna pentru a culege ierburi
de leac. Sanziana e o floare galbena
ce infloreste in livezi si la marginea
padurilor. In povesti, Sanzienele sunt
un fel de zane, albe si binefacatoare.
Noaptea, ele se transforma in fete
blonde, care danseaza sub lumina lunii.
Aceste flori nu sunt folosite doar ca
leac: ele apara de nenorociri, aduc noroc
si sanatate. Fetele le pun sub perna
pentru a-l visa pe viitorul sot, femeile le
poarta in san sau si le pun in par pentru
a fi cat mai atragatoare.
The Epiphany
Boboteaza
On January 6th the Orthodox Church
celebrates Christ’s Baptizing. Romanians
hope this will be a very frosty day, as
the frost and the snow would bring good
luck and welfare for the whole year. The
most important tradition on this day is
“The Blessing of the Water”, that takes
place near a river or a fountain. In some
regions the priest throws the cross
into the river and young boys jump in
and recover it. In Bucovina, young girls
and boys go on a hill and start a big fire,
sing and dance around it. As the fire
burns down, they jump over it wishing
for good luck and good health. Water
and fire increase each other’s purifying
strength.
Pe 6 Ianuarie, Biserica Ortodoxa
sarbatoreste Boboteaza. Romanii spera
că aceasta zi va fi foarte geroasa
pentru ca se spune ca frigul si zapada
aduc noroc si bunastare tot anul. Cea
mai importanta traditie legata de
aceasta zi este “Sfintirea Apei“, care
are loc in diferite forme langa un rau
sau o fantana. In unele regiuni, preotul
arunca crucea in rau si tinerii sar in apa
si o recupereaza. In Bucovina, fetele
si baietii merg pe un deal si fac un foc
mare, canta si danseaza in jurul lui. Cand
focul se domoleste, sar peste el punandusi dorinte de noroc ş i de sanatate. Se
crede ca apa ş i focul isi sporesc unul
altuia puterile purificatoare.
Martisor. 1st of March
Martisor. Intai Martie
51
Places and Monuments
Cernica Monastery
Locuri si monumente
Manastirea Cernica
Quite near Bucharest, the monastery
rises in the middle of a lake, surrounded
by secular forests. Two imposing
churches, chapels dedicated to the
most famous saints and a religious book
and art museum survived time. The
cells of the 84 monks resemble a great
fortress, in the style that is typical of
the plains.
Aproape de Bucuresti, Cernica se ridica
in mijlocul unui lac, inconjurata de
paduri seculare. Doua biserici, cateva
capele dedicate celor mai faimosi sfinti
si un muzeu de carte si rta religioasa
au supravietuit timpului. Chiliile care
adapostesc cei 84 de calugari par o
mare fortareata, in stilul tipic zonelor
de campie. a
The Linden Inn was built in 1833 in the
commercial centre of the city. It is one
of the most representative buildings
for old architecture. Originally, it was
the shelter of the foreign merchants,
but it is now one big art gallery. The
ground floor has small art boutiques,
with antiquities and souvenirs: paintings,
drawings and ceramics.
The Court is located in centre of
thecity. It dates from the end of the
14thcentury. The first construction
wasenlarged by Vlad Tepes. It was
he whoissued the document which
firstattested the name of the
city in 1459.A series of fires and
earthquakesruined the place. Later on,
urbanisticworks completely covered the
remains.They were brought to light by
thearcheological diggings in 1967-1972.
A fost construit in 1833 in centrul
comercial al orasului. Este una dintre cele
mai reprezentative cladiri cu rhitectura
veche din Capitala. Scopul initial a fost
sa adaposteasca pe negustorii straini.
Hanul cu Tei este azi o mare galerie de
arta. Parterul cuprinde mici magazine de
arta, cu antichitati si suveniruri, picturi,
desene, gravuri si ceramica. a
Curtea Veche
Curtea Veche e situata in centrul
orasului. Ea dateaza de la sfarsitul
secolului al 14-lea. Prima constructie
a fost imbunatatita de Vlad Tepes,
cel care a emis documentul ce atesta
pentru prima data numele orasului in
1459. Cutremure si incendii au adus la
ruina cladirile. Lucrarile urbanistice
au acoperit complet vestigiile. Ele au
fost aduse la lumina prin sapaturile
arheologice din anii 1967-1972
Mogosoaia Palace is situated about
10 Km from Bucharest. The Palace
was built in 1698-1702 by Constantin
Bracoveanu a famous Romanian Voivode.
It is an architectural monument having
the façade dominated by traditional
staircase balconies, arcades and
columns with capitals, specific to the
„Brancovenesc” style. Its decorative
features are characteristic both of the
Italian Renaissance and the Baroque.
Palatul Mogosoaia este situat la
aproximativ 10 kilometri de Bucuresti.
El a fost construit in anii 1698-1702 de
catre Constantin Brancoveanu, faimos
voievod roman. Palatul este un monument
architectural cu fatada dominata de
balcoane traditionale cu scari si de
arcade si coloane cu capiteluri specifice
stilului brancovenesc. Palatul Mogosoaia
imbina elementele celor doua stiluri:
Renasterea italiana si Barocul.
This passage still holds the charm
of the time it was built in. It used to
connect the National Bank to Calea
Victoriei, the most important street in
the town. It was the premises of the
first stock exchange market. It was
covered with yellow glass, giving it a
calm and intimate atmosphere. Instead
of small shops, it now shelters coffeeshops, a wine bar and restaurants.
Situat chiar in inima Bucurestiului,
Pasajul Vilacrosse mai pastreaza
farmecul timpului in care a fost construit.
Menirea lui era sa lege Banca Nationala
de Calea Victoriei, cea mai importanta
artera comerciala din capitala. A
fost locul in care s-a deschis si prima
bursa romana. Pasajul adaposteste azi
o cafenea, un bar specializat in vinuri
fine, restaurante.
Linden Inn
Hanul cu Tei
The Old Court Museum
Mogosoaia Palace
Palatul Mogosoaia
The Vilacrosse Passage
Pasajul Vilacrosse
52
The Village Museum
Muzeul Satului
This museum takes the visitor out of the
time and space of every-day life. The
houses are kept almost functional, with
furniture, dishes, tools, even gardens
around them. It’s like entering a story.
Since it is outdoors, the scenery changes
all the time. It’s special for its peaceful
atmosphere, because it’s not crowded
and Art students draw on the alleys. A
perfect place to forget worries.
Calea Victoriei
Vizitatorul muzeului e transportat in
afara spatului si timpului, a vietii de
zi cu zi. Casele sun gata de locuit, cu
mobilier, vase, unelte, chiar cu gradini
in jur. Te simti ca si cand ai intra intr-o
poveste. Pentru ca este un muzeu in aer
liber, decorul se schimba. Atmosfera sa
e de pace profunda, nu e prea aglomerat
si studentii la Arte Plastice deseneaza
pe alei. E locul perfect pentu a uita de
griji.
The street dates back 300 years. It’s
one of the oldest in Bucharest, the site
of many monuments and institutions.
Running from the Dambovita to the
Northern suburbs, it is the core of
Bucharest's political and cultural life.
At the Southern end there are two of
its most impressive buildings: the CEC
Palace and the National History Museum.
Nearby is one of Bucharest's jewels:
the Stavropoleus Church. Midway
along the street is the Palace Square,
(Revolution Square), surrounded by
the Athenaeum, the Royal Palace, the
Kretzulescu Church.
Strada dateaza din urma cu 300 de ani.
Este unul din cele mai vechi bulevarde din
Bucuresti. Mergand de la raul Dambovita
pana la suburbiile nordice, este inima
vietii politice si culturale a Bucurestiului.
La capatul sudic se afla doua din cele
mai impresionante cladiri: Palatul CEC si
Muzeul National de Istorie. Aproape de
muzeu se afla o bijuterie a Bucurestiului:
biserica Stavropoleos. La jumatatea
bulevardului se afla Piata Palatului, azi
Piata Revolutiei. Ea este inconjurata de
monumente ca Ateneul Roman, Palatul
Regal si Biserica Kretzulescu.
The Sutu Palace lays across the
University. It was built in 1833-1835 on
the order of Costache Sutu, a member
of a Greek family from Epir. In the
lobby, under the adorned cupola, at the
foot of the impressive staircase where
exhibitions take place, classical music
concerts are held. On the wall opposite
to the entrance you can see a huge
Venetian mirror. It reflects a clock made
to only be read in the mirror. There are
costumes and weapons from the 16th18th centuries, the first Romanian Bible
and Brancoveanu’s sword. He was a ruler
executed together with his sons, for
refusing to become a Muslim.
Palatul Sutu e situat vizavi de
Universitate. Palatul a fost construit
in 1833-1835 prin comanda lui Costache
Sutu, membru al unei familii grecesti din
Epir. In holul mare, sub cupola mareata
si la capatul unei scari impresionante au
loc expozitii si se tin concerte de muzica
clasica. Pe peretele din fata intrarii
poti vedea o uriasa oglinda venetiana
care reflecta un ceas facut sa fie citit
doar în oglinda. Mai poti vedea costume
si arme din secolele al XVI-XVIII,
prima Biblie romaneasca si sabia lui
C-tin Brancoveanu, domnitorul executat
impreuna cu fiii sai, deoarece refuzase
sa treaca la mahomedanism.
It is the second largest building in the
world by surface, after the Pentagon. It
is 10% larger than the Pyramid of Gyza.
The structure combines elements from
multiple sources. It has 270mX240m,
86m high, and 92m under ground, 1100
rooms and is 12 stories high, with 4
underground levels in use, and 4 in
different stages of completion. It
includes hundreds of offices, reception
rooms, rooms for scientific, cultural,
Aceasta este a doua cladire din lume ca
suprafata, dupa Pentagon si cu 10% mai
mare decat Marea Piramida de la Gyza.
Structura sa combina elemente din mai
multestiluri arhitecturale. Dimensiunile
sale sunt de 270X 240 m, 86m inaltime,
si 92m in subteran. Are 1100 camere pe
12 etaje, alte 4 sub nivelul solului deja
in uz si 4 in constructie. Ea cuprinde
sute de birouri, sali de receptie, sali
pentru manfestari stiintifice, culturale
Calea Victoriei
Bucharest Town Museum
Muzeul orasului Bucuresti
The House of the People
Casa Poporului
53
political events. There are a theatre
hall, an art gallery and a restaurant.
Its building required the demolishing
of one fifth of the historic centre of
Bucharest.
si politice. Exista o sala de teatru,
o galerie de arta si un restaurant.
Constructia ei si a Centrului Civic au
necesitat demolarea a o cincime din
centrul istoric.
It was built in the 1950’s, inspired by the
Lomonosov University in Moscow. First,
it was called “Casa Scanteii”. “Scanteia”
(The Spark) was the official newspaper
of the Communist Party. The building,
the headquarters of publications and
printing houses, is 280 x 260 m. With
the television aerial, it’s 104 m high,
higher than the Intercontinental
Hotel. This is an example of Stalinist
architecture. In 1960, a huge statue
of Lenin was erected in front of it and
pulled down after the Revolution, in
1990.
A fost construita in anii 1950,
inspirata de Universitatea Lomonosov
din Moscova. La inceput, cladirea s-a
numit “Casa Scanteii”. “Scanteia” era
numele ziarului oficial al Partidului
Comunist. Cladirea, sediul a zeci de
publicatii, edituri si tipografii, are
o arie de 280x260 m. Cu antena de
televiziune, ea masoara 104 m, depasind
Hotelul Intercontinental. Casa Presei
e un exemplu perfect de arhitectura
stalinista. In 1960, o statuie imensa a
lui Lenin a fost ridicata in fata cladirii si
daramata dupa Revolutie, in 1990.
This 17th century cathedral, raised on
a hill overlooking Southern Bucharest,
is the Romanian Orthodox Church
headquarters. It was built in 1656-1658,
by the ruler Costantin Serban Basarab.
The archways of the front side, leaning
on a wide stone girdle and matching the
“blind” lateral ones, the medium height
towers give it a commanding air.
Aceasta catedrala din secolul al 17lea, situata pe un deal de unde se vede
sudul orasului, este centrul Bisericii
Romane Ortodoxe. A fost construita in
anii 1656-1658 de Constantin Serban
Basarab. Boltile din partea din fata,
sprijinite pe un brau lat din piatra si
facand pereche cu cele laterale “oarbe”,
turnurile de inaltime medie ii dau un aer
impunator.
The House of the Free Press
Casa Presei Libere
The Patriarchal Cathedral
Catedrala Patriarhala
The Savings Bank Museum
Muzeul CEC
The building was designed in eclectic
style by the French architect Paul
Gottereau. Its construction began in
1894. This was the only bank allowed
to do business during communism.
The museum was opened in its elegant
hall. On display there are objects to
illustrate the history of this institution
on Victory Road: old financial and banking
documents, from 1880, old saving boxes
and strong boxes used in between the
two World Wars, stamps, medals, postal
cards, badges. The museum is open from
Monday till Friday.
Aceasta cladire a fost proiectata in
stil eclectic de arhitectul francez Paul
Gottereau. Constructia cladirii a inceput
in anul 1894. A fost singura banca care a
functionat in timpul regimului comunist.
Muzeul CEC a fost deschis in holul
elegant al palatului. In expozitie sunt
etalate obiecte pentru a ilustra istoria
acestei institutii pe strada numita Calea
Victoriei. Poti vedea vechi documente
bancare, inca din 1880, pusculite si
seifuri dintre cele doua Razboaie
Mondiale, stampile, medalii, carti
postale si insigne. Muzeul e deschis de
luni pana vineri.
The Railroad Museum
Muzeul Cailor Ferate
From the 500 years old mine truck all
the way to the electric engines, the
museum halls make you take a walk
throughout the railroads history, using
pictures, models and documents.
The first hall takes you back in time
150 years ago, when the first railroad
and the first station in our country
Incepand de la un vagonet de mina vechi
de 500 de ani si pana la tot felul de
motoare electrice, salile de muzeu va
ofera o plimbare in intreaga istorie a
caii ferate, folosind imagini, modele si
documente. Prima sala te duce inapoi in
timp cu 150 de ani în urma, cand primul
tronson de cale ferata si prima statie
54
were established. On display one can
see models, lamps, station masters’ and
officials’ uniforms and caps, phones, a
telegraph-apparatus, clocks.
de la noi in tara au fost construite. Aici
se pot vedea modele, lampi, uniforme de
servciu si chipie, telefoane, un telegraf,
ceasuri.
On the Kiseleff Avenue, near the
Herastrau Park, you meet the Arch of
Triumph. The existing one was built in
1935-1936, but the fist monumental
gate destined to welcome the triumphant
soldiers was erected in 1878. A wooden
arch was built in the honour of the
First WW soldiers in 1922. Standing 25
metres high, the Arch has a staircase
that allows visitors to climb to the
terrace on its top. It’s a famous symbol
of our town.
Pe bulevardul Kiseleff, langa Parcul
Herastrau, intalnesti Arcul de Triumf.
Cel din zilele noastre a fost construit
in 1935-1936, dar primul monument
destinat primirii soldatilor triumfatori
a fost construit aici in 1878. Un arc de
lemn a fost construit in 1922 in onoarea
soldatilor din Primul Razboi Mondial.
Avand 25 m inaltime, Arcul are o scara
interioara care permite vizitatorilor sa
urce pe terasa din varful sau si este un
bine-cunoscut simbol al orasului.
This is the first in Europe and the 4th
in the world as far as far as number of
exhibits. Most of the maps were donated
by a collector. The ground floor has 3
big rooms. In one of them you can see a
big Earth globe, a present from Francois
Mitterand, ship models, a spy glass, a
sextant, statues of famous explorers
and navigators. On the ceilings there
are paintings inspired by old maps. The
maps are sorted considering their area.
The oldest map was made in 1525 and
the most recent ones in 1930. The map
dimensions go from pocket size to huge
war maps.
Muzeul este pe primul loc in Europa si
pe locul 4 in lume ca numar de exponate.
Majoritatea hartilor au fost donate de
un colectionar. Parterul are 3 saloane
mari intr-unul aflandu-se un imens glob
geografic, cadou al lui F. Mitterand,
machete de corabii, un ochean, un
sextant, busturi de exploratori si
navigatori celebri. Tavanele sunt
impodobite cu picturi inspirate din
atlase geografice vechi. Hartile sunt
structurate pe zone geografice. Cea mai
veche e din 1525, iar cele mai recente
din 1930. Ele au dimensiuni de la cele de
buzunar, pana la harti de razboi imense.
The museum was founded in 1834. Its
name and history are connected to
Grigore Antipa’s personality. One of
the main attractions is the skeleton
of a dinosaurus a few millon years old,
discovered in Moldavia. There is also a
cave reproduction.
Muzeul de Istorie Naturala a fost
infiintat in 1834. Numele ş i istoria sa
sunt în legătură cu personalitatea lui
Grigore Antipa. O atractie e scheletul
unui dinozaur, vechi de miloane de
ani, descoperit în Moldova. Exista si
reproducerea unei pesteri.
The Minovici family’s contribution to our
culture is huge. Mina Minovici founded
the forensic medicine in our country. N.
Minovici founded the first Ambulance
Service in the Balkans and the 2nd
emergency hospital in Europe. The
museum, also called “The Crystal Bells
Villa” was built in 1905. It resembles a
“cula”, a fortified 18th century house
from Oltenia. It shelters traditional
costumes, rugs, furniture, pottery,
musical instruments, icons. There is also
a beautiful chapel.
Contributia familiei Minovici la cultura
romana este uriasa. Mina Minovici
a infiintat medicina criminalista la
noi. Nicolae Minovici a fondat primul
serviciu de ambulante din Balcani si
al doilea spital de urgenta din Europa.
Muzeul, numit si ”Vila cu clopotei de
cristal” dateaza din 1905. Ea seamana
cu o ”cula” din secolul 18 din Oltenia.
Muzeul gazduieste costume traditionale,
covoare, mobile, ceramica, instrumente
muzicale, obiecte casnice, icoane.
Adaposteste si o frumoasa capela.
The Arch of Triumph
Arcul de Triumf
The Old Maps Museum
Muzeul hartilor vechi
The Natural History Museum
Muzeul de Istorie Naturala
The Nicolae Minovici Museum
Muzeul “N. Minovici”
55
The National Art Museum
Muzeul National de Arta
The museum is sheltered by the former
Royal Palace. It hosts over 70000
pieces exhibited in six departments.
The building was raised in 1812-1815
and became a royal residence in 1837.
The European Gallery contains rarely
seen works: Italian art from the 15th
to 18th centuries, German and Austrian
works from the same period, Spanish
works, Flemish art, French sculpture.
Muzeul este adapostit de fostul palat
regal. El gazduieste mai mult de 70.000
de piese expuse in 6 sectii. Cladirea
sa a fost ridicata in 1812-1815 si a
devenit resedinta regala in 1837.
Galeria Europeana contine capodopere
rare: arta italiana din sec. al XV-lea-al
XVIII-lea, arta germana si austriaca
din aceeasi perioada, lucrari spaniole,
arta flamanda si sculpturi franceze.
The building was designed by Paul
Gottereau and included parts of the
medieval princely residence. It was built
in 1893-1895 and destined to house the
heir’s family: the prince Ferdinand and
the princess Maria. It was restored
starting 1977 and a new wing was built,
for the Romanian Presidency. The
visitor’s route follows a historical path:
first the graphical medieval space, then
the luxury and the elegance of the royal
chambers.
Cladirea a fost proiectata de Paul
Gottereau si a inclus parti ale vechii
resedinte a domnitorilor romani.
Palatul a fost construit in 1893-1895 si
destinat mostenitorilor tronului: printul
Ferdinand si printesa Maria. A fost
restaurat in 1977. O noua aripa a fost
construita pentru Presedintia Romaniei.
Traseul de vizitare urmeaza firul istoric:
intai sobrieteatea partii medievale, apoi
luxul si eleganta apartamentelor regale.
Personalities
Ana Aslan: the Elixir of Youth
Personalitati
Ana Aslan si elixirul tineretii
Ana Aslan was the founder of the
Romanian school of geriatrics, the first
of its kind in the world. Its purpose was
to fight against a phenomenon of acute
interest: the premature ageing. In
1957, the first results of this research
were recorded: Ana Aslan patented
the first medicine of her treatment
method – Gerovital H3 vials. The impact
of Ana Aslan’s method and medication in
the medical world and tourism was huge.
Bucharest became a sort of magnet for
older people.
Ana Aslan este fondatoarea scolii
romanesti de geriatrie, prima de acest
tip din lume. Scopul ei era de a lupta
impotriva unui fenomen de interes
acut: imbatranirea prematura. In 1957
s-au înregistrat primele rezultate ale
cercetărilor: Ana Aslan a brevetat
primul medicament al metodei sale de
tratament: Gerovital H3 fiole. Impactul
metodei si tratamentului Anei Aslan
asupra lumii medicale si a turismului a
fost urias. Bucurestiul a devenit un fel
de magnet pentru oamenii in varsta de
pretutindeni.
The Cotroceni Plalace
Palatul Cotroceni
Constantin Brancusi
Constantin Brancusi
In 1927 Constantin Brancusi, along with
Pablo Picasso were already regarded as
the two great rebels of the previous
century’s art. In Bucharest, he would
take the classes of the Institute of
Fine Arts. In 1904, Brancusi settles
in Paris after receiving a scholarship
offered by the Romanian state.
Between 1937 and 1938, he created at
Targu-Jiu his monumental pieces ”Table
of Silence”, “Gate of the Kiss” and
“Endless Column”.
In 1927 Constantin Brancusi, impreuna
cu Pablo Picasso erau deja renumiti ca
doi mari rebeli ai artei secolului trecut.
In Bucuresti, a studiat la Institutul
de Arte Frumoase, fiind un student
eminent. Dupa aceea, in 1904, Brancusi
se instaleaza in Paris, dupa ce primeste
o bursa de la statul roman.
Intre 1937 si 1938, a creat la Targu-Jiu
piesele sale monumentale: Masa Tacerii,
Poarta Sarutului si Coloana Infinitului.
Mircea Eliade
Mircea Eliade
He was born in Bucharest and studied
the History of religion and Indian
S-a nascut la Bucuresti si a studiat
Istoria religiilor si Filosofia indiana la
56
philosophy in Calcutta with Tagore.
He was a professor at the Bucharest
University, a journalist and a politician.
As the communist regime came to
power, he left the country and moved
to France, where he continued teaching
at Sorbonne, then to Chicago. He wrote
more than 1500 books, essays and
articles in his field, he received several
“Doctor Honoris Causa” titles and even
the “Legion of Honour. Novels such as
“Maitreyi” and fantastic short stories
such as “Miss Cristina” are his most
famous works. He died in Chicago in
1986.
Calcutta cu Tagore. A fost profesor
la Universitatea din Bucuresti, ziarist
si politician. Dupa venirea la putere a
regimului comunist, Eliade a parasit
tara si s-a stabilit in Franta, unde a
continuat sa predea la Sorbonne, apoi
in Statele Unite, la Chicago. A scris
peste 1500 de carti, eseuri si articole, a
primit titlul de “Doctor Honoris Causa”
si “Legiunea de Onoare”. Romanele cum
ar fi “Maitreyi” si “Intoarcerea din rai”
si schitele fantastice ca “Domnisoara
Cristina” sunt cele mai celebre opere
ale sale. A murit la Chicago in 1986.
Mihai Eminescu: Forever Young
Mihai Eminescu: mereu tanar
For the Romanian people, Eminescu
has remained forever young: destiny
decided that he should pass away in the
summer of 1889, at the age of 39. A
bronze statue in front of the Romanian
Athenaeum in Bucharest has preserved
his image symbolizing, both for the
sculptor Gheorghe Anghel and for all
succeeding generations, the Evening
Star, the hero of Eminescu’s impressive
and most famous poem. Eminescu’s
feverish existence came to an end in
Bucharest. His grave can be seen in the
Bellu cemetery, a place where the most
outstanding personalities of Romanian
spiritual life have found their eternal
rest.
Pentru romani, Eminescu a fost un poet
mereu tanar: destinul a decis ca el sa
ne paraseasca in vara anului 1889, la
varsta de 39 de ani. O statuie de bronz
in fata Ateneului Roman, in Bucuresti i-a
pastrat imaginea, simbolizand, si pentru
sculptorul Gheorghe Anghel si pentru
toate generatile viitoare, “Luceafarul”,
eroul celei mai impresionante si mai
faimoase poezii a lui. Emotionanta
existenta a lui Eminescu a ajuns la
sfarsit in Bucuresti. Mormantul sau
este in cimitirul Bellu, langa cele mai
remarcabile personalitati ale vietii
spirituale romanesti.
George Enescu: a Musical Genius
George Enescu: geniu muzical
He is considered the most important
Romanian musician. He started playing
the violin at the age of 4 and gave his
first concert performance at 5 . He
also started composition studies at
the same time. His first work was first
performed as he was 17. His musical
activity took place in Bucharest and
Paris, but he also went on tours in
other countries. It had five directions:
violinist, pianist, conductor, composer
and educator. He was one of the
greatest conductors of the century,
he performed with Philadelphia and
New York orchestras important works
by Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Richard
Strauss, Brahms, Ceaikovski, Wagner.
His most famous students were Dinu
Lipatti, Yehudi Menuhin, Ida Heandel,
Arthur Grumiaux, Christian Ferras and
Ivry Gitlis. One of his masterpieces is
an opera, “Oedip”.
Este considerat cel mai important
muzician roman. A inceput sa cante la
vioara la varsta de 4 ani si a dat primul
concert la 5 ani. Tot atunci a inceput si
studiile de compozitie. Prima sa lucrare
a fost interpretata pentru prima data
cand Enescu avea 17 ani. Activitatea sa
muzicala s-a desfasurat in Bucuresti si
Paris, dar a realizat si turnee in alte tari.
Ea s-a desfasurat pe cinci directii: a fost
violonist, pianist, dirijor, compozitor
si profesor. A fost unul dintre cei mai
mari dirijori ai secolului, interpretand
alaturi de orchestrele din Philadelphia
si New York importante lucrari de Bach,
Mozart, Beethoven, Richard Strauss,
Brahms, Ceaikovski, Wagner. Cei mai
celebri studenti ai sai au fost: Dinu
Lipatti, Yehudi Menuhin, Ida Heandel,
Arthur Grumiaux, Christian Ferras,
Ivry Gitlis. O capodopera a sa e opera
“Oedip”.
57
Iulia Hasdeu: a Tragic Destiny
Iulia Hasdeu : un destin tragic
Iulia was born on November 2nd 1869
and died of tuberculosis when she was
barely nineteen. She was the daughter
of the great philologist, historian and
writer Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu, a
scholar of international fame and a
member of European academies. She
was an amazingly precocious child.
She could recite poems in French and
German at the age of 3. She was only
8 when she brilliantly graduated from
elementary school. She was to become,
at only 20, the first woman at Sorbonne
to take the Arts degree. But her ascent
was broken by the disease.
Iulia s-a nascut pe 2 noiembrie 1869 si a
murit de tuberculoza cand avea aproape
19 ani. A fost fiica marelui filolog, istoric
si scriitor Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu, un
savant de renume international si un
membru al multor academii europene.
A fost un copil uimitor de precoce.
Putea recita poezii in limba franceza
si germana la varsta de 3 ani. Abia
implinise 8 ani cand a absolvit stralucit
scoala primara. Urma sa devina, la 20
de ani, prima femeie care absolvea
artele la Sorbona. Aceasta ascensiune
spectaculoasa a fost intrerupta brusc
de boala.
Eugen Ionescu is considered to be
one of the most original and profound
playwrights of the world. He is the
founder of the Theatre of the Absurd
and of the Anti-Theatre. Everything
started on the 11th of May 1950, at
the Theatre des Noctambules, when
“The Bald Soprano” was performed for
the first time. The plays that followed:
”The Lesson”, “The Chairs”, “Jack, or
the Submission”, “Victims of Duty”,
“Rhinoceros”, established him as an
original playwright. He was chosen to
be a member of the French Academy,
the first Romanian to receive such a
distinction.
Eugen Ionescu este considerat ca
unul dintre cei mai mai originali si
profunzi dramaturgi ai lumii. El este
fondatorul Teatrului Absurd si al AntiTeatrului. Totul a inceput pe 11 mai
1950 la Theatre des Noctambules,
cand piesa „Cantareata cheala” a fost
reprezentata pentru prima oara. Piesele
ce au urmat: ”Lectia”, „Scaunele”, „Jack
sau Supunerea”, „Victimele datoriei”,
„Rinocerii’”, l-au consacrat ca pe un
dramaturg original. A fost ales ca
membru al Academiei Franceze, fiind
primul scriitor de origine romana cu o
atat de inalta distinctie.
Maria Tanase
Maria Tanase
Tanase’s career as a singer began on
the stages of the Romanian capital: in
opera houses, in the Baraseum Theatre,
and in music-hall acts and revues. In
addition to her talents as a singer
and her strong sense of dramatic
presentation, she could improvise and
render original interpretations. She
introduced the Romanian folk music to
audiences in the USA and was received
with acclaim for her performance at
the Romanian pavilion at the New York
World Exhibition of 1939.
Cariera a Mariei Tanase a inceput pe
scenele capitalei Romaniei: la Opera,
la Teatrul Baraseum si in spectacolele
teatrului de varietati si revista. In plus
fata de talentele ei de cantareata si
simtul puternic al prezentarii dramatice,
ea putea improviza si reda interpretari
originale. Ea a facut cunoscuta muzica
folclorica romaneasca publicului din SUA
si a fost aclamata pentru interpretarea
sa la pavilionul romanesc de la Expozitia
Mondiala de la New York din 1939.
Eugen Ionescu
Eugen Ionescu
58
Leisure and Events
An Annual Music Festival
Evenimente si timp liber
Festivalul folk ”Om Bun”
Each December, a special festival takes
place in Bucharest. It’s the “Om bun”
(“Good Man”) Folk Music Festival. Each
night of the festival has two parts: the
contest and the recitals performed by
well known artists that had started
their career by winning this contest.
This kind of music was adopted by the
young people nowadays. It generates no
conflict, on the contrary, it abolishes
them.
In decembrie, un festival special are
loc in Bucuresti. El este numit Festivalul
de Muzica Folk “Om Bun”. Fiecare zi se
incheie cu recitaluri ale unor folkisti
renumiti, iar in ultima seara se dau
premiile pentru cei care au concurat in
primele doua seri. Acest gen de muzica
a fost adoptat de inerii din ziua de
azi. Acest gen de muzica nu genereaza
conflicte, dimpotriva, le stavileste.
The Bread Market
Targul de Paine
Each September, the National Park in
Bucharest hosts the Bread Market.
One of its most interesting aspects
is an exhibition called “The Bread
Story” and held by the National
Museum of Agriculture. It describes
a tradtional way of making and baking
the bread. It was accompanied by
baking demonstrations and it was the
main attraction of the Market. There
are also old agricultural tools. Another
exhibition depicted the role of bread
in the religious and secular traditions.
There were types of bread used in
customs year round.
In fiecare an, in septembrie, Parcul
National gazduieste un eveniment
interesant: Targul de Paine. Unul
dintre cele mai interesante aspecte
a fost expozitia intitulata “Povestea
Painii”, organizata de Muzeul National
al Agriculturii. Aceasta a descris modul
traditional de preparare si coacere
a painii, cu demonstratii practice si
a fost atractia principala a Targului.
Erau expuse si vechi unelte agricole.
O alta expozitie a descris rolul painii
in traditiile religioase si seculare. Ea
cuprindea tipuri de paine folosite in
obiceiuri de-a lungul anului.
It has been a long tradition for our
capital to organize this great music
festival every autumn, in September.
Famous musicians from all over the
world take part in it.
E o traditie ca in capitala noastra sa
se organizeze, in luna septembrie a
fiecarui an, acest festival. Muzicieni
faimosi din intreaga lume iau parte la
acest festival.
Have you ever met a dinosaur at night?
What about a seal? Or a bald-headed
eagle? The dwellers of Bucharest are
invited once a year to visit the Grigore
Antipa Natural Museum late at night.
This year, the main attractions were
dinosaurs, polar mammals and rare
birds. The National Geology Museum
also hosts yearly an event to attract
both adults and children.
Ai intalnit vreodata un dinozaur
noaptea? Dar o foca? Sau un vultur
plesuv? Bucurestenii sunt invitati anual
sa viziteze Muzeul de Grigore Antipa in
timpul noptii. Anul acesta, principalele
atractii au fost dinozaurii, mamiferele
polare si pasarile rare. Muzeul National
de Geologie gazduieste de asemenea
o manifestare anuala care atrage si
adultii si copiii.
This has been since the 1880’s one
of the favourite outdoors places in
Bucharest. The park was designed at
the beginning of the 20th century by
the French architect Eduard Redont.
Every element in the park is an art
object, from the giant sculptures of
Dumitru Paciurea to the 48 meter
high Mausoleum. The Monument of
Acesta a fost din anul 1880 unul dintre
locurile favorite ale bucurestenilor.
Parcul a fost proiectat la inceputul
secolului 20 de arhitectul francez
Eduard Redont. Fiecare element din parc
este un obiect de arta, de la sculptura
gigantica a lui Dumitru Paciurea pana la
mausoleul de 48 de metri. Monumentul
Eroului Necunoscut a fost adus de la
“George Enescu” Festival
Festivalul “George Enescu”
A Night with Dinosaurs
O noapte cu dinozauri
Carol Park
Parcul Carol
59
the Unknown Hero was brought from
Marasesti, a WW1 battlefield. On the
right side there are the Roman Arenas,
the Astronomical Institute and the old
Observatory.
Marasesti, important camp de lupta in
Primul Razboi Mondial. Pe dreapta sunt
Arenele Romane, Institul Astronomic si
vechiul Observator.
Cismigiu Garden
Gradina Cismigiu
Also called “Little Venice” it’s the
oldest and most beautiful park in town.
It was given this nickname because of
the channels with boats which cross the
park. It was opened in 1852. The garden
was also called ‘’The writers’ alley’’
because it has a circular alley where
you can find statues of great Romanian
writers. Aside from the picturesque
landscape, here you can find attractions
for all ages. During winter the lake
becomes a skating rink.
Numit si “Mica Venetie”, este cel mai
vechi si mai frumos parc din Bucuresti.
Aceasta porecla i-a fost data datorita
canalelor cu barci care traverseaza
parcul. A fost deschis publicului in 1852.
El se mai numeste si “Aleea scriitorilor”
deoarece are o alee circulara unde se
afla statuile unor mari scriitori romani.
Pe langa pitorescul peisaj, poti gasi aici
atractii pentru toate varstele. In timpul
iernii, lacul devine patinoar.
Herastrau Park
Parcul Herastrau
Herastrau is the widest park in
Bucharest and it lies in the northern
part of the city. It is surrounded by
important traffic avenues. The floral
exhibition, the kiosks, the statues, the
restaurants, the terraces and the lake
increase its charm. The lake is used for
water sports and boating, yacht sailing.
In the “cultural” side of the park there
are two theatres, two exhibition sites,
libraries, a bower for reading and
chess, benches, playgrounds. On the
other side, you'll find sports grounds
and restaurants. Nearby is the Village
Museum.
Herastrau este cel mai mare parc din
Bucuresti si se afla in partea de nord
a orasului. Este inconjurat de artere
mari de circulatie. Expozitia florala,
chioscurile, statuile, restaurantele,
terasele si lacul ii sporesc farmecul.
Lacul e folosit pentru sporturi nautice si
plimbari cu barci cu rame si cu panze. In
zona "culturala" sunt doua teatre, doua
sali de expozitie, biblioteci, un foisor
pentru lectura si sah, banci, locuri de
joaca, in cealalta parte, terenuri de
sport, restaurante. Alaturi e Muzeul
Satului.
Old Trains
Trenurile de epoca
A very special offer attracts more and
more tourists: romantic trips they can
have on old trains. The Railroad Tourism
Company transformed some centuryold trains to modern standards, adding
to them luxurious finishing. Tourists
can have an original wedding, or a trip
from Bucharest to Snagov (30 km), in
the atmosphere of their grandparents’
times.
O oferta care atrage din ce in ce maimultii
turisti sunt calatoriileromantice cu
trenurile vechi. SNCFR,prin compania
sa pentru calatori, aadus trenuri
vechi de secole lastandarde moderne,
chiar adaugandu-le finisari luxoase.
Se poate face onunta originala, sau
calatori pana laSnagov (30 km), in
atmosferavremurilor bunicilor nostri.
Theaters and Concert Halls
Teatre si sali de concert
The Athenaeum: the most prestigious
concert hall and one of the most
beautiful buildings in the city. It was
built in 1888 in Neoclassical style and
designed by the French architect
Albert Galleron. The front is adorned
with portraits of five Romanian rulers
and in front of it stands the statue of
our national poet, Mihai Eminescu. On
the inside there are scenes from our
Ateneul Roman: Este una dintre celemai
prestigioase sali de concert si, inacelasi
timp, una dintre cele maifrumoase
cladiri din oras. A fostconstruita in
1888 in stil neo-clasic dupa planurile
arhitectului francezAlbert Galleron.
Fatada e impodobitacu portretele a
cinci domnitoriromani, iar in fata cladirii
se afla o statuie a poetului nostru
national, M. Eminescu. Inauntru se pot
60
vedeascene din istoria tarii. Aici au
evoluatunii dintre cei mai mari dirijori
sisolisti ai secolului XX.
history. This is also the place where
some of the greatest conductors and
soloists of the 20th century have
performed.
The „Bulandra” Theater: It was
founded in 1947, by our most famous
actress: Lucia Sturza Bulandra. It’s
now a top rate theater, in synchronized
with the modern art spirit. In the early
1990’s, after a successful tour in the
U.K. performing „Hamlet”, it became
a member of the European Theater
Union.
The „Nottara” Theater: It is situated
on the Magheru Boulevard, one of the
most important commercial streets in
our city and it was founded in 1947,
as the Army Theater. Later, it was
named after the famous Romanian actor
Constantin Nottara (1859-1935).
The ”Tandarica” Theater: The name
means „little splinter” and it was the
name of a puppet, a character in the
shows for children. The theater opened
in 1945 and its first section was the
puppet one. A new studio called AnimArt
was inaugurated in 2003 and is meant
for animation experiments.
The Palace Hall: It is situated behind
the National Art Museum (former
Royal Palace). The building was used to
host the five-yearly Communist Party
congress. Today it is used as a big venue
for concerts and exhibitions.
The Small Theatre: A new theater was
founded in Bucharest in 1914. It took
the name of the actress Maria Fillotti.
After the Second World War it became
a state theatre and changed its name
until 1964, when it joined the family of
small theatres in Europe.
The Odeon Theatre: During the 17th
century, there was a nobelman’s house
on this place. It was later donated to
the princely family and it became a
princely residence. It kept this function
until 1825 when it became a theatre
hall. Since one of its goals is educating
the young public, visits and theatrical
games are organized weekly, due to a
project called „Theater and School”.
Teatrul „Bulandra”: infiintat in 1947,
in jurul personalitatii marii actrite
Lucia Sturdza Bulandra. Este acum un
teatru conectat la spiritul de avangarda
al artelor. La inceputulanilor 1990,
dupa un turneu de succesin Anglia cu
spectacolul „Hamlet”,Teatrul „Bulandra”
devine membru al Uniunii Teatrelor din
Europa.
Teatrul “Nottara”: situat pe Bulevardul
Magheru, una dintre celemai importante
artere comerciale ale capitalei, a fost
fondat in 1947, ca Teatrul Armatei,
capatand mai tarziunumele marelui
actor roman Constantin Nottara (18591935).
Teatrul ”Tandarica”: „Tandarica” a fost
numele unei celebre marionete, personaj
din spectacolele pentru copii. Teatrul a
fost fondat in anul 1945, iar prima sa
sectie a fost cea de marionete. Un nou
studio numit AnimArt a fost inaugurat
in 2003, destinat experimentelor in
animatie.
Sala Palatului: Cladirea este situata
in spatele Muzeului National de Arta
(fostul Palat Regal), si era folosita
pentru a gazdui congresele PCR. Azi,
este o locatie importanta pentru
concerte si expozitii.
Teatrul Mic: Un nou teatru a fost
deschis in Bucuresti in 1914. Acesta
poarta numele actritei Maria Filotti.
Dupa al doilea razboi mondial, devine o
institutie de stat si poarta mai multe
nume, pana in 1964, cand intra in familia
teatrelor mici din Europa.
Teatrul Odeon: In secolul al 17-lea,
pe locul acesta se afla proprietatea
spatarului Ghica. Apoi, ea a fost donata
familiei domnitorului si a devenit
resedinta princiara si a ramas asa pana
in 1825, cand a devenit sala de teatru.
Cum unul dintre scopurile teatrului
este formarea tinerilor spectatori, se
organizeaza vizite si jocuri teatrale
pentru copii, in cadrul programului
„Teatrul si Scoala”.
The National Theatre
Teatrul National
Situated in the University Square
the theatre was built in 1973. The old
building of the National Theatre was
Situat in Piata Universitatii, teatrul a
fost construit in 1973. Vechea cladire
a fost distrusa in timpul celui de-al
61
destroyed during the Second World
War. The theatre has 4 performance
halls. It’s named after the Romanian
playwright and short-story writer Ion
Luca Caragiale. The old National Theatre
was inaugurated in 1852. During the
Independence War, the actors of the
theatre performed for the wounded
soldiers’ and hospitals’ benefit. If you
need a refreshment, you'll find two
bars on top of the theatre.
Doilea Razboi Mondial. Teatrul are
patru sali de spectacole. El poarta
numele dramaturgului si scriitorului Ion
Luca Caragiale. Vechiul Teatru National
a fost inaugurat in 1852. In timpul
Razboiului de Independenta, actorii
teatrului National au jucat in beneficiul
soldatilor raniti si a spitalelor. In
cele din urma, daca simti nevoia de o
racoritoare, vei gasi doua baruri situate
deasupraTeatrului National.
The first opera cast appeared here
in 1882. The building of the National
Opera exists in its present shape
from 1953. It was built for the World
Students' Festival which took place in
Bucharest in that year. It’s a beautiful
building with a great architecture. It
is surrounded by a nice park and has
the statue of George Enescu in front.
A famous soprano of the 19th century,
Hariclea Hartulary, dubbed Darcleé by
Sait-Saens was Romanian. They say that
Puccini wrote Tosca just for her…
Primul colectiv de opera a aparut in
Bucuresti in 1882. Cladirea Operei
exista in forma ei prezenta din 1953.
A fost construita pentru Festivalul
Studentesc Mondial care a avut loc in
acel an. Este o cladire frumoasa, cu
arhitectura interesanta, inconjurata de
un parc si are in fata statuia lui George
Enescu. Stiati ca o faimoasa soprana a
secolului 19, Hariclea Hartulary numita
de Sait-Saens Daclee, a fost romanca?
Se spune ca Puccini a scris Tosca pentru
ea...
Nettles with garlic sauce and fried
eggs: Choose fresh nettles and wash
them, boil them in hot salty water,
then separate them from the water.
Put them in a bowl and mix them till you
get a paste. Add some flour, oil, salt
and some nettles sauce. After 10-15
minutes add the garlic sauce, oil, salt
and water. Serve with hot hominy and
fried eggs.
Pezmeti: You knead the bread, putting
as much flour as it can bear. Then, you
let it till the next morning to ferment.
The filling is made of eggs and cheese.
You obtain a roll, which you slice and
smear with an egg mixed with lard and
cook in the oven.
Ghizmana: First, you prepare two litres
of milk, ten eggs, half a kilogram of
sugar, a quantity of faeces like about
an egg and a little essence. You mix all
these ingredients until it’s creamy. You
let it „grow” in a pot. Then, you put it on
a tray smeared with lard and flour, let
it grow more and bake it.
Urzici cu sos de usturoi si oua
prajite:Alegi urzici proaspete si le
speli, le fierbi, separi urzicile de apa.
Pui urzicile intr-un vas si le amesteci
pana se omogenizeaza. In pasta de
urzici adaugi faina, ulei, sare si sos de la
fierberea urzicilor. Dupa 10-15 minute
de fierbere, adaugi sos deusturoi. In
final, se servesc cu mamaliga calda si cu
oua prajite.
Pezmeti: Se framanta painea punand
faina cat cuprinde. Se lasa pana a doua
zi sa creasca. Umplutura contine oua
si branza. Obtinem un fel de rulada pe
care o taiem si o punem intr-o tava unsa
cu untura si tapetata cu faina. Se ung cu
un ou si untura si se coc.
Ghizmana: Se pregatesc 2 l de lapte,
10 oua, o jumatate de kg zahar, putina
drojdie si esenta de rom. Se amesteca
toate pana devin ca o crema. Lasi
compozitia sa dospeasca. Dupa ce a
crescut, se pune intr-o tava unsa cu
untura si tapetata cu faina si se mai lasa
sa dospeasca putin. Se pune la copt.
The National Opera
Opera Nationala
Gastronomy
Cooking in Calarasi county
Gastronomie
Bucatarie calarasana
62
Vineyard Routes
Drumurile vinului
Wallachia is rich in red classy wines,
but there are also white wines thought
by specialists to be real masterpieces.
From Pietroasele, where you can taste
an exceptional wine called Tamaioasă
Romaneasca, to Drobeta, near the
Danube, Bacchus set himself a 100 000
hectares kingdom. The most compact
wine growing area in Romania is Dealu
Mare, that stretches on a 60 km long
and 3 to 12 km wide band. Some of the
best red wines in Romania are produced
at Urlati, Valea Calugareasca and
Tohani. Some of the greatest names
in our history are connected to this
area: Mircea cel Batran, Matei Basarab,
Constantin Brancoveanu. A real winegrowing chronic.
Valahia are vinuri rosii de prima calitate,
dar exista si vinuri albe considerate
adevarate capodopere. De la Pietroasele,
unde se poate degusta un vin exceptional
numit Tamaioasa Romaneasca, pana la
Drobeta, in apropierea Dunarii, Bachus
are un regat de 100 000 de ha. Cea
mai compacta zona viticola este Dealu
Mare, care se intinde pe o suprafata
cu lungimea de 60 de km si cu o latime
intre 3 si 12 km. Unele dintre cele mai
bune vinuri rosii din Romania se produc
la Urlati, Valea Calugareasca si Tohani.
Mari nume din istorie au legaturi cu
aceasta zona: Mircea cel Batran, Matei
Basarab, C-tin Brancoveanu. O adevarata
cronica a culturii vitei-de-vie.
Grilled minced meat rolls
Mititei
Mince the meat together with the suet.
Add salt, spices, chopped garlic, meat
broth and baking soda and mix everything
for 15 minutes. Take tablespoons of the
mixture and shape the rolls with wet
hands (approx. 2-3 inches long and 1
inch thick). Before placing on the grill,
grease them with oil.
Tocati carnea impreuna cu slanina.
Adaugati sare, mirodenii, usturoi tocat
fin, zeama de cane si putin bicarbonat
si framantati timp de 15 minute. Luati
cate o lingura din compozitie si, cu mana
umezita, dati forma de rulou cu lungimea
de 7 cm, iar grosimea de 3 cm. Inainte
de a-i pune pe gratar, ungeti-i cu ulei.
Place the minced meat (pork and beef) in
a bowl and mix with onion, rice, pepper,
salt, paprika, finely chopped onion. Mix
everything well. Carefully remove the
cabbage leaves, one by one, so that they
do not tear. Cut larger leaves in 2 or
3 and then place a little meat in each
piece and roll in. Place a layer of rolls
in the pan then cover with a layer of
chopped cabbage, then a layer of thinly
sliced tomatoes. Then boil in the oven.
Puneti carnea tocata (porc si vita)
intr-un castron si amestecati cu orez,
piper, sare si boia. Omogenizati foarte
bine. Scoateti frunzele una cate una.
Taiati frunzele mari in 2 sau 3 bucati,
apoi puneti putin amestec de carne in
fiecare foaie de varza si infasurati-le.
Puneti intr-o cratita un rand de sarmale,
un strat de varza tocata, apoi un rand
de rosii. Puneti vasul la cuptor pana
scade sosul. Serviti sarmalele fierbinti,
cu smantana.
Cabbage rolls
Sarmale
Polenta (Mamaliga) with cheese
Mamaliga cu branza şi smantana
Also known as polenta, it is a traditional
Romanian dish. Neighbouring countries
have versions of mamaliga, but, as far
as we know, nobody combines it with
butter, cheese and sour cream. Serve
it right out of the pot. Use good quality
feta cheese, preferably sheep's milk
cheese. Mix it with plenty of butter,
add plenty of cheese and mix it well.
Finally, add sour cream to cover it.
Mamaliga este un fel de mancare
specific romanesc. Tarile vecine au si
ele feluri asemanatoare, dar, din cate
stim, nicaieri nu se mai combina cu unt,
branza si smantana. Serviti mamaliga
direct din ceaun. Folositi branza
telemea de buna calitate, preferabil
de oaie. Puneti o portie de mamaliga pe
o farfurie, amestecati-o cu unt, apoi
adaugati branza si turnati pe deasupra
smantana.
63
Le Mesnil Esnard (76)
Lycée La Châtaigneraie
Géographie
Histoire
Lieux touristiques et Monuments
Personnalités
Gastronomie
Loisirs et Evénements
Geography
History and the Past
Places and monuments
Personalities
Gastronomy
Leisure and Events
64
Tables of contents :
Sommaire :
The geography:66
History and the past:67
Places and monuments:68
Le donjon 68
Saint Ouen church 68
Town Hall 69
The Cathedral of Rouen 69
Eau de Robec street 69
Le Gros Horloge 70
St Maclou church 70
The law court 70
The bridges in Rouen 71
The bridges in Normandy 72
Bretonne 72
Tancarville 72
Flaubert 72
The Bénédictine Palace 73
The Craft industry 73
The road of the Ivory and... 74
The road of the Abbeys 75
The road of the fruits 75
Personalities: 76
Pierre Corneille 76
Charles Nicolle 76
Gustave Flaubert 76
Guy de Maupassant 76
Théodore Géricault 77
David Douillet 78
Tony Parker 78
Other famous people… 79
Leisure and Events: 80
The biggest kite festival 80
24h speedboat race 80
The big Armada 81
From Monet to Pixels 82
Autumn in Normandy 82
Viva Cité 83
Different bars and pubs… 83
Gastronomy from Normandy: 83
Drinks 84
Cheese 84
Meat 84
Seafood 84
Desserts 84
Sweets 84
Géographie:66
Histoire:67
Lieux touristiques et Monuments:68
Le Donjon 68
L’église Saint Ouen 68
L’Hôtel de ville 69
La cathédrale de Rouen 69
La rue Eau de Robec 70
La rue du Gros Horloge 70
Eglise Saint Maclou 70
Le palais de justice 70
Les ponts de Rouen 71
Les ponts en Normandie : 72
Le pont de Brotonne 72
Le pont de Tancarville 72
Le pont Flaubert 72
Le Palais de la Bénédictine 73
L’artisanat 73
La Route de l’ivoire et des épices 74
La Route des abbayes 75
La Route des fruits 75
Personnalités : 76
Pierre Corneille 76
Charles Nicolle 76
Gustave Flaubert 76
Guy de Maupassant 76
Théodore Géricault 77
David Douillet 78
Tony Parker 78
Autres personnalités … 79
Loisirs et événements: 80
Festival international du cerf-volant 80
24H motonautiques 80
L’Armada 81
De Monet aux pixels 82
Automne en Normandie 82
Viva Cité 83
Principaux bars et pubs… 83
Gastronomie Normande: 83
Les boissons 84
Les fromages 84
Les viandes 84
Les produits de la mer 84
Les desserts 84
Les friandises 84
65
THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE
SEINE MARITIME
GÉOGRAPHIE DE LA SEINE
MARITIME
Our region is 6 278 km², with
countryside for agriculture (dairy,
cattle, wheat, apples and cheese); many
woods and forests and a coast with
cliffs made of clay.
La Seine-Maritime a une superficie de
6 278 km².
Elle se compose d’une riche campagne
qui se consacre à l’élevage (lait,
viande…), à la production de blé, de
pomme et de fromage. Il y a aussi de
vastes forêts, les côtes sont faites de
falaises imposantes (Etretat).
En 2006 le nombre d’habitants est de
1 245 000 habitants. La densité par
habitant est de 198.
Le département est soumis à un
climat tempéré océanique. L'influence
maritime, évidente près du littoral, se
fait aussi bien sentir dans l'intérieur
des terres.
LA HAUTE-NORMANDIE
HAUTE-NORMANDIE
La Haute-Normandie se compose de
deux départements: la Seine Maritime
et l'Eure. Elle est située au Nord-Ouest
de la France. C'est une région qui est
bordée par la Manche, les côtes sont
constituées de falaises calcaires. Le
fleuve qui traverse la région est la
Seine.
Il y a en Haute-Normandie 1,74 millions
d'habitants (3% de la population
française), la région est la plus jeune de
France avec 36,5% de moins de 25 ans,
elle a une superficie 12 317 km² (cela
représente 2% du territoire national
français).
Elle n'en est pas moins une puissante
région économique:
- 60% de la production française de
lubrifiants
-50% des plastiques
- 30% des voitures (usine Renault à
Cléon)
- la 4ème région française pour le
commerce extérieur (port de Rouen et
port du Havre)
- la 1ère région pour la production de
lin
- la 6ème région pour la recherche
La Haute-Normandie est aussi une
région de culture:
- 1ère région pour la densité des
musées
- 2ème pour la densité en théâtres
berceau de nombreux créateurs:
Corneille, Flaubert, Maupassant…
Haute-Normandie is made of two
districts:
Seine Maritime and Eure, located in the
north west of France. Our coast along
the Channel with cliffs made of clay is
interesting for tourism.
The river is called la Seine.
With 1.74 millions of inhabitants, la
Seine maritime is the youngest region
of France.
It’s a powerful place for business and
economy:
- 60% of the French oil production for
cars.
- 50% for plastics
- 30% for the car industry
- Fourth region for export with 2 big
harbours (Le Havre and Rouen)
- 6th region for technological research
- Many museums and theatres
- Gardens, parks, woods and forests
- Birth city of many artists and famous
people such as Flaubert, Maupassant…
66
HISTORY AND THE PAST
HISTOIRE DE LA NORMANDIE
Created in 911 by Rollon the Viking,
Normandy grows up year after year,
and takes the name of Dukedom of
Normandy, independent from the
Kingdom of France.
William The Conqueror wins the Hastings
battle in 1066; Normandy
is associated to England until 1204,
when the French king Philippe Auguste
takes Normandy and lets the AngloNormand islands to England.
Trade gives prosperity to the region,
especially in the early 16th. But the
religious wars and the tensions between
France and England are harmful for
Normandy.
From 19th century, industrialization
helps the region to become more
modern, with the development of the
textile industry.
Créée en 911 par Rollon le Viking, la
Normandie s’agrandit au fil des années
et prend le nom de Duché de Normandie,
indépendant du Royaume de France.
Guillaume Le Conquérant remporte
la bataille d’Hastings en 1066 ; la
Normandie reste donc associée à
l’Angleterre jusqu’en 1204, date à
laquelle Philippe Auguste, roi de France,
s’approprie la Normandie, pendant que
les îles anglo-normandes restent aux
Anglais.
Région de commerce, la Normandie
connaît la prospérité au Moyen-Age
et en particulier dans la 1ère moitié
du XVIème siècle. Puis, les guerres de
religions et les tensions incessantes
entre la France et l’Angleterre en font
une terre de conflits.
A partir du XVIIIème, l’industrialisation
et la modernisation transforment
durablement la province qui se développe
notamment dans le textile.
Occupée par les Prussiens après la
guerre de 1870 ; elle sera à nouveau le
théâtre sanglant du débarquement en
1944, lors de la 2ème guerre mondiale.
Occupied by the Prussians after the
1870 war, Normandy knows an awful
period in the second world war, mostly
during the landing in 1944.
THE ROAD OF MEMORY
ITINÉRAIRES DU SOUVENIR
In memory of the D Day, on 6th
June, 1944 and its operation named
« Overlord », which contributed to the
final victory of the Allies in the second
World War; you can visit the coast and
the beaches, mostly situated in the
South of Normandy, where the landings
were so tragic.
But don’t forget that in 1942, Dieppe
saw a first attempt of landing where
6000 Canadian soldiers were shot,
wounded or caught as prisoners.
And, the war has taken a heavy toll on
the cities of Rouen and Le Havre with
the bombings for Liberation : in Rouen,
2000 dead and 60 000 disaster victims
during the « red week »; Le Havre
with 5000 civil victims, was the most
affected city of the country.
En souvenir du débarquement du 6 juin
1944 et de son opération Overlord, qui
ont largement contribué à la victoire
finale des Alliés lors de la 2ème Guerre
Mondiale ; il est possible de visiter
les plages et la côte, essentiellement
situées en Basse-Normandie, qui ont été
le théâtre de ce terrible événement.
Ne pas oublier cependant qu’en 1942,
Dieppe avait été le théâtre tragique
d’une 1ère tentative de débarquement
où 6000 soldats canadiens furent tués,
blessés ou faits prisonniers.
De même, les villes de Rouen et Le
Havre ont payé un très lourd tribut lors
de la Libération : à Rouen, 2000 morts
et 60 000 sinistrés lors de la « semaine
rouge » ; Le Havre est, avec 5000
morts, la ville qui a subi le plus de pertes
civiles, en raison des bombardements.
67
FLAG AND LANGUAGE
EMBLÈME ET LANGUE
Le drapeau
- Hymne normand : « Ma
Normandie » de F. Bérat
Proverbes:
«Avoir la bosse normande»:
avoir la bosse du commerce
«Bâti comme une armoire
normande»: bien charpenté
«Réponse de Normand» :
réponse ambiguë
«Réconciliation normande»:
réconciliation simulée
The flag of our region
Regional
anthem:
“Ma
Normandie” written by F.
Berat
Proverbs:
«Avoir la bosse normande»:
To be a good merchant
«Bâti comme une armoire
normande»: To be well-built
«Réponse de Normand» :
ambiguous answer
«Réconciliation normande» :
fake reconciliation
PLACES AND MONUMENTS
LIEUX TOURISTIQUES ET
MONUMENTS
LE DONJON
LE DONJON
Part of the castle was built for the king
Philippe Auguste in 1204. This tower is
today the only monument
that remains.
Du château de Philippe Auguste,
construit en 1204, il ne reste aujourd’hui
que ce donjon: grosse tour
cylindrique comprenant 3
salles superposées et des
combles.
Jeanne d’Arc was judged
in this tower; and in the
Second World War, the
Germans used a building
close to this place as a jail.
After the war, the citizens
destroyed the building.
C’est en ce lieu que Jeanne
d’Arc fut jugée; et durant
la 2ème guerre mondiale
et l’occupation allemande,
la Gestapo s’en est servi
comme lieu de détention et
d’interrogatoire.
SAINT OUEN CHURCH
L’ÉGLISE SAINT OUEN
First, it was a monastery built in the
eighth century and then, a church, built
in 14th and 15th century. The gardens
belonged to the monks.
After the French Revolution, the city
warehoused guns in it and took the
monks’ dormitory for the city hall.
The organ is one of the most famous
and recorded organ in the world.
Monastère au 8ème siècle, il fut
transformé en église aux 14ème et
15èmes siècles. Les jardins et le
bâtiment occupé actuellement par la
mairie appartiennent alors aux moines.
Après La Révolution Française, la ville
y entreposa des armes et réquisitionna
les dortoirs des moines pour y installer
la mairie.
L’orgue de l’église est un des plus
célèbres au monde ; de nombreux
enregistrements d’œuvres musicales y
ont été effectués.
68
TOWN HALL
L’HÔTEL DE VILLE
The first charter of the city goes
back to 1144. In 1220, the Town Hall
established itself in The Gros-Horloge
street.
As it became too small, it was rebuilt in
1607 by Jacques Gabriel, in Renaissance
style and then, moved on a large square,
near the St Ouen Church.
La 1ère charte communale de la ville
date de 1144 et, en 1220, l’Hôtel de
Ville s’installe rue du Gros-Horloge.
Devenu trop petit, il est reconstruit
en 1607 par Jacques Gabriel (arrièregrand-père de l’architecte de la Place
de la Concorde à Paris), dans un style
Renaissance. Sa façade est restaurée
en 1982. A nouveau à l’étroit, dès le
18ème siècle, le bâtiment communal est
déplacé à côté de l’église St Ouen.
Depuis 1865, une statue de Napoléon 1er
créée par Dubray, trône au milieu de la
place de l’Hôtel de Ville. Son piédestal
et son bronze proviennent des canons
saisis à la bataille d’Austerlitz.
Since 1865, a statue of Napoleon the
first, created by Dubray, has been
erected in front of the building.
THE CATHEDRAL OF ROUEN
LA CATHÉDRALE DE ROUEN
The cathedral of Rouen is the famous
religious and gothic monument of the
city. Built on the ruins of an old roman
church, it took almost 2 centuries to be
finished. The arrow has been rebuilt
in steel in the 19th
century.
The northern tower is
called the Saint Romain
tower; the southern
tower is nicknamed “the
butter tower” because
it was financed with the
tax paid on the butter
the citizens bought.
La cathédrale de Rouen est le
monument religieux de style Gothique
le plus célèbre de la ville. Construite sur
les ruines d’une vieille église romane, il a
fallu presque 2 siècles pour l’achever.
La flèche a été
reconstruite en acier au
19ème siècle.
La Tour nord est appelée
la Tour St Romain ; la
Tour sud est surnommée
la Tour de beurre car elle
a été financée grâce à un
impôt sur le beurre.
La
porte
principale
représente
la
Vierge
Marie; en entrant, vous découvrirez des
vitraux aux couleurs exceptionnelles,
en particulier le bleu et le rouge. Au
fond de la cathédrale, se trouvent les
tombes de Rollon, Duc de Normandie et
de Richard Cœur de Lion.
The main door shows the Virgin Mary.
When you enter, you will discover
amazing stained-glass windows, brightlycoloured, especially in blue and red.
At the back of the cathedral, there are
the tombs of Rollon, Duke of Normandy
and Richard Coeur de Lion.
EAU DE ROBEC STREET
LA RUE EAU DE ROBEC
Located in the heart of the city, this
street was a place for drapery and dyeworks. They used to wash the textile in
the small river named “Robec”. In the
19th century, during the Industrial
Revolution, it was a famous place for
textile industry.
Since, the buildings have been restored.
Many shops and restaurants are opened
there. It is a highly touristic walk.
Située dans le centre piétonnier de la
ville, cette rue tient son nom du cours
d’eau qui y passait et servait à rincer
les draps et tissus des teintureries
installées dans cette rue.
Depuis, les immeubles ont été restaurés,
un cours d’eau artificiel a été créé ; de
nombreuses boutiques et restaurants
continuent de faire de cette rue un
haut lieu du tourisme rouennais.
69
THE GROS HORLOGE
LA RUE DU GROS HORLOGE
Close to the Vieux Marché square, this
street has been one of the most popular
places of the city since the Middle-Age.
The big clock replaces a gallo-roman
door, when there were walls around the
city. It was built in 1527. This clock
gives the time, the days of the week,
the moon cycles. You can see the symbol
of the city: the sheep, because the wool
merchant was very important for the
city for many centuries.
Under the arch, a scene of the Bible is
sculpted.
Two bells from the 13th century still
ring every evening at 9.
A deux pas de la place du Vieux marché,
la rue du Gros Horloge est un des points
les plus animés de la ville depuis
le Moyen - Age.
Elle a remplacé une porte gallo-romaine
après que les murs d’enceintes de la ville
aient été détruits et elle est enjambée
par le monument du Gros Horloge,
datant de 1527 : c’est un beffroi
flanqué d’une arche dans laquelle est
sertie une horloge au cadran de plomb
doré. Une aiguille unique indique les
heures ; les jours de la semaine défilent
dans la fenêtre du bas ; et les phases
de la lune dans l’œil de bœuf supérieur.
S’y retrouve le symbole de la ville : le
mouton, le commerce de la laine ayant
été prépondérant durant les siècles
précédents. Le dessous de la voûte est
décoré d’une scène de la Bible.
Le beffroi, lieu d’expositions, abrite
encore 2 cloches du 13ème siècle dont
l’une sonne toujours le couvre-feu tous
les soirs à 21h.
SAINT MACLOU CHURCH
Tribute to a saint from Brittany, this
church was rebuilt after a fire at the
end of the 15th century, early 16th.
Built in Flamboyant Gothic style; its
nave is from Renaissance style and the
furniture is Baroque!
In the antics area, it’s one of the most
visited churches in the city.
ÉGLISE SAINT MACLOU
En hommage à un saint breton, elle
fut reconstruite après un incendie fin
15ème, début 16ème .
Cette église de style gothique
flamboyant possède une nef Renaissance
et un mobilier baroque.
Au cœur du quartier des antiquaires, elle
reste un des lieux les plus touristiques
de Rouen.
THE LAW COURT
Built in 1499, this monument is one of
the most famous buildings of the city.
Situated in the old Jewish district,
modified with many recoveries, it was
bombed in 1944 rebuilt and restored
carefully.
LE PALAIS DE JUSTICE
Construit en 1499, ce monument est
un des plus célèbres bâtiments de la
ville. Situé dans l’ancien quartier juif,
il a connu de nombreuses modifications.
Bombardé en 1944, c’est avec soin qu’il a
été reconstruit et restauré depuis.
70
THE BRIDGES IN ROUEN
AUTRES PONTS A ROUEN
The first bridge rebuilt after the
Second World War was The Corneille
bridge (a famous writer born in Rouen),
opened in 1952. A statue made of
bronze of this author was located on
the bridge before the war. It is now on
Opera square.
Le 1er pont définitif reconstruit après
guerre fut le pont Corneille, du nom du
célèbre écrivain né à Rouen ; il a été
inauguré en 1952. Une statue en bronze
de l’auteur s’y trouvait avant-guerre ;
elle est maintenant sur la place de
l’opéra de Rouen.
Then, came the bridges Boieldieu (a
famous composer born in Rouen), in
1955, the bridge Jeanne d’Arc (named
like this because the ashes of Jeanne
d’Arc were thrown away at this site), in
1956, the bridge William the Conqueror
(Duke of Normandy) in 1970; finally,
the bridge Mathilde, in 1979, over the
Lacroix island.
The 6th bridge: Flaubert, created by
the architects Zublena and Virlogeux,
opened in 2008. The 2 roadways lift
at 55m to let the big boats pass during
The Armada.
Puis vinrent les ponts Boieldieu (célèbre
compositeur né à Rouen) en 1955,
Jeanne d’Arc en 1956 (nommé ainsi car
ses cendres furent dispersées là où
le pont s’élève aujourd’hui), Guillaume
Le Conquérant (Duc de Normandie) en
1970 ; enfin le pont Mathilde en 1979
qui passe au-dessus de l’île Lacroix.
Le 6ème pont : Flaubert, créé par
les architectes Zublena (le Stade de
France) et Virlogeux (concepteur du
Pont de Normandie), sera mis en service
début 2008. Les 2 tabliers de ce pont
pourront se lever à 55m de hauteur
pour laisser passer les grands mâts de
l’Armada.
The last bridge is the viaduct of
Eauplet, named “the English bridge”,
over the Lacroix island.
S’ajoute le Viaduc d’Eauplet dit “pont
aux Anglais” au-dessus de l’île Lacroix.
71
THE BRIDGE OF NORMANDY
LE PONT DE NORMANDIE
Made of shrouds, it links Le Havre and
Honfleur up.
Begun in 1988 ; it was inaugurated in
1995.
It was the longest bridge of the world
until 2004.
Pont à haubans qui relie Le Havre à
Honfleur.
Les travaux ont débuté en 1988 ; 7ans
plus tard, il est inauguré en 1995.
Son record mondial de longueur sera
battu en 2004.
LE PONT DE BROTONNE
Entre Le Havre et Rouen, il enjambe la
Seine depuis 1977. Il traverse la forêt
de Brotonne et a permis de désenclaver
le pays de Caux.
C’est un pont à haubans en béton. Lors
de sa mise en service, sa travée de
320m était la plus longue du monde.
THE BRIDGE OF BROTONNE
Between Le Havre and Rouen, it
has spanned the river Seine
since 1977. Near the forest of
Brotonne, it helped to open up the Pays
de Caux.
Made of shrouds and concrete, it was
the longest bridge.
THE BRIDGE OF TANCARVILLE
This suspension bridge built in 1959,
after 4 years of work, is the first
bridge between Rouen and the sea.
The two banks of the estuary are now
55 km nearby ; and with the motorway,
Le Havre is two hours from Paris.
LE PONT DE TANCARVILLE
Le pont suspendu de Tancarville assure
depuis 1959 le passage de la Seine :
c'est le 1er pont entre Rouen et la mer,
construit par la Chambre de Commerce
et d'Industrie du Havre.
En 1959, après 4 ans de travaux, le pont
de Tancarville rapproche les deux rives
de l'estuaire : Honfleur est à 55km.
Il mesure 1420 mètres de long ,12.50
mètres de large et 123 mètres de
hauteur. Il est composé de béton et
d’acier.
LE PONT FLAUBERT
THE SIXTH BRIDGE FLAUBERT
Le pont routier Gustave Flaubert encore
en construction, fut terminé pour
l’Armada 2008. C’est le 6ème pont de
Rouen, il sert à relier la rive droite et la
rive gauche, en évitant le centre-ville. Il
fonctionne à l’aide d’une travée levante
pour laisser passer les bateaux.
The bridge Gustave Flaubert, was
finished for The Armada 2008.This is
the sixth bridge of the city of Rouen,
built to go from the right bank to the
left one, avoiding the center of the
city.The roadway of the bridge can lift
to let the boats with high masts
pass by.
72
THE BENEDICTINE PALACE
LA BÉNÉDICTINE
It is situated in Normandy, in Fécamp
on the Albâtre Coast.
Le Palais Bénédictine est situé en
Normandie, à Fécamp, sur la Côte
d'Albâtre, aux pieds des falaises
dominant la Manche.
It was founded by Alexandre Le Grand
and it mixes art and industry. This
palace is the place where the liquor
“Bénédictine” is produced. It is also
a great museum with an important
art collection from the 14th and 15th
centuries. There are also contemporary
exhibitions.
Il étonne par son audace et son
originalité. Son fondateur Alexandre Le
Grand a voulu faire de cet endroit un
espace mariant l'art et l'industrie. C'est
pourquoi le Palais est à la fois le lieu de
production de la liqueur Bénédictine
et un musée renommé qui regroupe
une importante collection d'art des
XIVème, XVème et XVIème siècles
et propose de nombreuses expositions
d'art contemporain.
It was inaugurated for the 1st time
in 1880. A few years later, it was
destroyed by a big fire
and was rebuilt in a Gothic and
Renaissance style.
Conçu par l'architecte Camille Albert,
le palais est inauguré une première fois
en 1888. Dévasté quatre ans plus tard
par un incendie, il est immédiatement
reconstruit dans la forme qu'on lui
connaît aujourd'hui, archétype d'un
éclectisme mêlant Gothique et art
Renaissance.
THE CRAFT INDUSTRY
ARTISANAT
- Piece of earthenware from Rouen
- Faïence de Rouen
- China from Bayeux
- Porcelaine de Bayeux
- Lace from Alençon
- Dentelle d’Alençon
- Roman style from 11th century to
the early 12th century, called « Art
Normand ».
- Dinanderie à Villedieu-Les-Poêles
- Art Roman du XIème et début XIIème
siècle, appelé aussi « art normand ».
73
THE ROAD OF THE IVORY AND
THE SPICES
LA ROUTE DE L’IVOIRE ET DES
ÉPICES
At the end of the Middle-Age, the
sailors from Normandy went all over
the world for trade.
From Dieppe, they sailed to Africa to
buy ivory and many spices; from Fécamp,
they went to America to fish cod.
Today, the harbours of the coast named
“Côte d’Albâtre” because of the white
cliffs made of clay tell us this story
thanks to many museums.
This is also the opportunity to discover
the typical pebble beaches and of
course, the cliffs and their beautiful
views.
Dès la fin du Moyen-Age, les marins
normands vont sur toutes les mers
pour le commerce, très prospère en
Normandie.
De Dieppe, ils vont chercher l’ivoire et
les épices en Afrique ; de Fécamp, ils
gagnent le continent américain pour y
pêcher la morue.
Aujourd’hui encore, les ports de pêche
de la Côte d’Albâtre racontent cette
histoire grâce à leurs nombreux sites
et musées, dédiés à cette période.
C’est aussi l’occasion de découvrir les
plages de galets typiques de la région et
surtout les falaises et leurs panoramas
merveilleux.
74
THE ROAD OF THE ABBEYS
LA ROUTE DES ABBAYES
You can visit, all over the region, many
abbeys, built during the
Middle-Age.
The most famous, opened to the public:
- The abbey of Jumièges
- The abbey of Bec- Hellouin
- The abbey of St Wandrille
- The abbey of Boscherville
- The abbey of Notre-Dame de
Montivilliers
Cette route rappelle que la Normandie
est jalonnée de nombreuses abbayes
construites durant le Moyen-Age.
Parmi les plus célèbres et ouvertes au
public :
- L’abbaye de Jumièges
- L’abbaye du Bec- Hellouin
- L’abbaye de St Wandrille
- L’abbaye de Boscherville
- L’abbaye Notre-Dame de
Montivilliers.
Symbols of power, wealth, and of the will
to convert this region to Christianism,
these abbeys are now very attractive
monuments for tourists.
Symboles de richesse et de puissance,
mais aussi de la volonté de christianiser
la région, ces abbayes sont aujourd’hui
de célèbres monuments touristiques.
THE ROAD OF THE FRUITS
LA ROUTE DES FRUITS
This road follows the river Seine,
between Duclair and Notre-Dame- deBliquetuit, in the heart of the Regional
and Natural Park of the Loops of La
Seine.
For centuries, the orchards have given
many fruits: apples, sherries, plums,
pears....
In spring, you can buy and eat these
delicious fruits, all along the road.
Cette route suit la Seine, entre Duclair
et Notre-Dame- de- Bliquetuit, au cœur
du Parc Naturel régional des Boucles de
la Seine.
Depuis des siècles, les vergers abondent
et au printemps, vous pourrez déguster
pommes, poires, prunes, cerises…
75
PERSONALITIES
PERSONNALITÉS
PIERRE CORNEILLE
PIERRE CORNEILLE
Born in June 1606, Pierre
Corneille
studied
Law
and then, became a play
writer. In 1641, he wrote
the masterpiece Le Cid.
Other successful plays will
follow as Andromaque. He
moved in Paris and entered
the Académie Française.
The success of the young
writer Racine stopped his career. He
died at 78 years old.
Pierre Corneille est né le 6
juin 1606. Il suit des études
de Droit puis devient poète
dramaturge. En 1641, il
écrit la célèbre pièce Le Cid.
D’autres succès suivront
tels qu’Andromaque. Il
s’installe à Paris et est reçu
à l’Académie Française.
L’arrivée du jeune Racine
lui fait de l’ombre et met un terme à sa
carrière d’écrivain de théâtre. Il meurt
à l’âge de 78 ans.
CHARLES NICOLLE
CHARLES NICOLLE
He was born in Rouen on
September 21st, 1866. He
studied at Pierre Corneille
School in Rouen and from
1884 to 1889, studied
medicine.
He created the first
sanatorium of the region
of Normandy in Oissel
and tried to fight against
sexual diseases.
In 1903, he worked on malaria. In 1909,
he discovered that lice were responsible
for the typhus transmission.
He died on February 28th, 1936 in
Tunis.
His name was given to the hospital of
the city of Rouen.
Il est né à Rouen le 21
septembre 1866. D’abord
au lycée Corneille de Rouen,
il a étudié la médecine de
1884 à 1889.
Il ouvre le premier
sanatorium de la région
normande à Oissel et a
essayé de combattre les
maladies vénériennes.
En 1903, il a orienté ses
recherches sur la malaria.
En 1909, il a découvert que les poux
étaient responsables de la transmission
du typhus.
Il meurt le 28 février 1936 à Tunis. Son
nom a été donné à l’hôpital de la ville de
Rouen.
GUSTAVE FLAUBERT
GUSTAVE FLAUBERT
French writer born in Rouen
in 1821 and died in Canteleu
in 1880.
Belonging to the Realist
movement, he wrote famous
novels:
Madame
Bovary,
L’éducation sentimentale or
Trois contes, Salammbô ; and
many stories of his trips in the East.
His last work, Bouvard et Pécuchet was
published posthumously.
Ecrivain français né à Rouen
en 1821 et mort à Canteleu en
1880.
Grand
représentant
du
mouvement réaliste, il a
écrit de célèbres romans:
Madame Bovary, L’éducation
sentimentale ou encore Trois
contes, Salammbô ; il laisse aussi de
nombreux récits de ses voyages en
Orient.
Sa dernière œuvre, Bouvard et Pécuchet
parait à titre posthume.
GUY DE MAUPASSANT
GUY DE MAUPASSANT
French writer born in Normandy in
1850, in the castle of Miromesnil in
Tourville-Sur-Arques.
He lived in Etretat as a child and in
Auteur français né en Normandie
en 1850, au château de Miromesnil
à Tourville-Sur-Arques. Il passe son
enfance à Etretat puis son adolescence
76
Rouen as a teenager.
He died in 1893 in Paris.
He wrote novels and short stories;
The most famous are:
Une vie, Boule de Suif, Les Contes de
la Bécasse, Bel Ami, Le
Horla, Pierre et Jean ;
he’s as good to create
realistic
stories
as
fantastic ones.
Friend
of
Flaubert
and Zola, he wrote for
newspapers
too
and
traveled a lot all over
Europe and in Algeria.
à Rouen. Il décède en 1893 à Paris.
Romancier
et
nouvelliste,
ses
nombreuses œuvres restent parmi les
plus célèbres : Une vie, Boule de Suif,
Les Contes de la Bécasse, Bel Ami, Le
Horla, Pierre et Jean ;
il excelle aussi bien
dans le récit réaliste
que dans la nouvelle
fantastique dont il est
un des précurseurs.
Ami de Flaubert puis de
Zola, il écrira aussi des
articles pour plusieurs
journaux puis voyagera
en Europe et en Algérie.
THEODORE GERICAULT
THÉODORE GÉRICAULT
Famous French painter (1791, 1824),
known for The raft of the Medusa and
other paintings.
He was one of the pioneers of the
Romantic Movement.
Born in Rouen, his early work revealed
influences of the Rubens style.
During a trip to Florence and Rome,
he discovered Michelangelo and the
Baroque Art.
Weakened by tuberculosis, he died in
Paris in 1824. He’s buried at Père
Lachaise in Paris.
Célèbre peintre français (1791, 1824),
connu pour son tableau Le radeau de
La Méduse, entre autres. Il est un des
pionniers du mouvement romantique.
Né à Rouen, ses premières œuvres
révèlent l’influence de Rubens. Lors
d’un voyage à Florence et à Rome, il
découvre le travail de Michel Ange ainsi
que l’Art Baroque.
Affaibli par la tuberculose, il meurt à
Paris en 1824. Il est enterré au Père
Lachaise.
77
DAVID DOUILLET
DAVID DOUILLET
Born in 1969 in Rouen, this very famous
judoka won several gold medals in
European and World Championships
and at the Olympic Games in 1996 and
2000.
Né en 1969 à Rouen, ce très célèbre
judoka a remporté de nombreuses
médailles d’or aux championnats
d’Europe, du monde et aux Jeux
Olympiques d’Atlanta en 1996 et à
Sydney en 2000.
TONY PARKER
TONY PARKER
Born on May 1982, this very famous
basketball player began to play in Rouen
where he first was trained.
Since 2001, he has been playing in The
NBA for the team of San Antonio,
Texas. He won the title third times with
The Spurs, in 2003, 2005 and 2007.
Leader of the French team, he’s always
running after a victory in a great
championship.
Né en mai 1982, célèbre joueur de
basketball qui a commencé sa carrière à
Rouen, où il s’est d’abord entraîné.
Depuis 2001, il joue pour la NBA pour
l’équipe de San Antonio, Texas.
Il a gagné 3 fois le titre avec les Spurs
en 2003, 2005 et 2007.
Il court toujours après une victoire
dans un grand championnat.
78
OTHER FAMOUS PEOPLE…
AUTRES PERSONNALITÉS
- René Cavelier de La Salle : explorer of
the American territories from Québec
to the Mississippi delta, included
Louisiane.
- René Cavelier de La Salle : explorateur
et découvreur des territoires américains
du Québec au delta du Mississippi dont
la Louisiane.
- Jules Dumont D’Urville : explorer of
the greek islands and the Black Sea, he
discovered the statue of The Vénus of
Milo.
- Jules Dumont D’Urville : explorateur
des îles grecques et de la Mer Noire, il
découvre la statue de La Vénus de Milo.
- René Coty : president of the French
Republic from 1954 to 1959.
- René Coty : homme politique français,
président de la République de 1954 à
1959.
- Pierre Bérégovoy : minister and prime
minister from 1992 to 1993.
- Pierre Bérégovoy : homme politique
français, ministre puis 1er ministre de
1992 à 1993.
- Many sport champions : Jacques
Anquetil (cycling), Stephan Caron
(swimming), Emmanuel Petit (football),
Alain Blondel (athletics), Fabien Canu
(judo), Emilie Loit (tennis)…
- De nombreux sportifs : Jacques
Anquetil (cyclisme), Stephan Caron
(natation), Emmanuel Petit (football),
Alain Blondel (athlétisme), Fabien Canu
(judo), Emilie Loit (tennis)…
- Actors : Bourvil, Jean Bouise, Annie
Duperey, Jacques Gamblin, Samuel Le
Bihan, Valérie Lemercier, Jean Marais,
François Morel, Bruno Putzulu, Olivier
Saladin, Karin Viard…
- Acteurs : Bourvil, Jean Bouise, Annie
Duperey, Jacques Gamblin, Samuel Le
Bihan, Valérie Lemercier, Jean Marais,
François Morel, Bruno Putzulu, Olivier
Saladin, Karin Viard…
- Singers : Daniel Balavoine, Arnold
Turboust
- Chanteurs : Daniel Balavoine, Arnold
Turboust
- Journalists : Annie Lemoine, Michel
Drucker, Alain Duhamel, Franz-Olivier
Giesbert, Elise Lucet
- Journalistes : Annie Lemoine, Michel
Drucker, Alain Duhamel, Franz-Olivier
Giesbert, Elise Lucet
- Stylist: Christian Dior
- Styliste: Christian Dior
- Philosopher: Michel Onfray
- Philosophe: Michel Onfray
79
LEISURE AND EVENTS
LOISIRS ET ÉVÉNEMENTS
THE BIGGEST KITE FESTIVAL
FESTIVAL INTERNATIONAL
DU CERF-VOLANT
Most important meeting of kites in
Europe and one of the third biggest
kite festivals of the world, this festival
takes place every other year, on the
lawns of the sea front in the city of
Dieppe.
Plus important rassemblement de
cervolistes en Europe et un des 3 plus
grands au monde, ce festival a lieu tous
les 2 ans sur les pelouses du front de
mer de la ville de Dieppe.
24H SPEEDBOAT RACE
24H MOTONAUTIQUES
Every year, since 1964, the first weekend of may, on the river Seine around
Lacroix island in Rouen, takes place a
speedboat race, famous all around the
world.
Tous les ans, depuis 1964, durant le
week-end du premier mai, a lieu sur la
Seine, autour de l’Ile Lacroix à Rouen,
une course d’endurance motonautique
de renommée internationale.
Each year, the crowd is more and more
important and this is one of the most
well-known sport events of the city of
Rouen.
Cette épreuve attire une foule de
plus en plus nombreuse chaque année
et constitue un événement sportif de
premier plan.
THE BIG ARMADA
L’ARMADA
Since July 1989, the biggest sailing
boats (3 and 4 masts) and warships have
gathered along the Seine in Rouen.
Depuis 1989, en juillet, se rassemblent
sur les quais de Rouen les plus grands
voiliers du monde (3 et 4 mâts) ainsi que
de nombreux navires de guerre.
80
Lots of shows, restaurants, bars are
there to help people to have great
fun for two weeks. And each night, a
wonderful firework lights up the sky of
the city.
Then, on the last day, there is a big
and famous parade: all the ships leave
down the river Seine to Le Havre and
the sea.
With more than 10 millions of visitors
coming to see the boats and meet the
sailors from all over the world, this
event is one of the most popular in
France.
C’est l’occasion de visiter ces vieux
gréements, de proposer de multiples
spectacles le long des quais jalonnés
d’exposants, de restaurants, de bars.
Chaque soir, un feu d’artifice illumine le
ciel rouennais.
Puis, le dernier dimanche, a lieu la
parade qui voit le départ des bateaux
qui descendent la Seine vers Le Havre
puis reprennent la mer.
Cet événement rassemble près de 10
millions de visiteurs venus visiter les
navires et rencontrer les marins venus
du monde entier.
FROM MONET TO PIXELS
DE MONET AUX PIXELS
Each year in summer since 2004, after
the sunset, the cathedral square of
Rouen has become
a sound and light
theatre.
Series
of pictures are
projected
on
the
front
of
the gothic style
monument
from
the 13th century.
These
pictures
made of coloured
pixels
symbolize
different
styles,
especially the work
of Monet, a famous
impressionist
painter from the
19th century.
Chaque année durant l’été depuis 2004,
après le coucher du soleil, la place de la
cathédrale de Rouen
est transformée en
théâtre de sons et
lumières. En effet,
sont
projetées
sur
la
façade
de ce monument
gothique du 13ème
siècle, une série
d’images pixellisées
symbolisant
différents courants
picturaux
et
rendant hommage
au travail du peintre
impressionniste
Monet
et
plus
particulièrement
à sa série des
Cathédrales.
AUTUMN IN NORMANDY
AUTOMNE EN NORMANDIE
Each year, from October to December,
this Art festival offers all over HauteNormandie theatre, music and dance.
Chaque année, d’octobre à décembre,
ce festival d’Arts offre, dans toute la
Haute-Normandie, des spectacles de
théâtre, de musique et de danse.
81
VIVA CITE
VIVA CITÉ
With more than 80 000 spectators
each year, Viva Cité has become one of
the most important street festival in
Europe.
Avec plus de 80 000 spectateurs par
an, Viva Cité est devenu l’un des tous
premiers festivals de rue en Europe.
Depuis 1991, chaque dernier week-end de
Since 1991, every last week-end of
June, the city of Sotteville presents
shows mixing dance, music, mime and
pyrotechnics.
juin, la ville de Sotteville vit au rythme
des spectacles de rue mélangeant danse,
musique, pyrotechnie, mime etc…
DIFFERENT BARS AND PUBS
IN THE CITY OF FRANCE
PRINCIPAUX BARS ET PUBS
ROUENNAIS
SO. BE : rue François Arago ROUEN
L'EURO: place du Vieux Marché, Rouen
LE BIDULE: rue de Fontenelle, Rouen
FLOWER: rue Grand Pont, Rouen
L'EMPORIUM
GALORIUM:
rue
Beauvoisine, Rouen
LE SHARI VARI: rue St Nicolas, Rouen
LA BOITE A BIERES: rue Cauchoise,
Rouen
LE CLIPPER: rue des Boucheries St
Ouen, Rouen
LE GUEVARA CAFE: rue des Bons
Enfants, Rouen
LE NASH: rue Ecuyère, Rouen
LE 3 PIECES: rue Louis Ricard, Rouen
SO. BE : rue François Arago ROUEN
L'EURO: place du Vieux Marché, Rouen
LE BIDULE: rue de Fontenelle, Rouen
FLOWER: rue Grand Pont, Rouen
L'EMPORIUM
GALORIUM:
rue
Beauvoisine, Rouen
LE SHARI VARI: rue St Nicolas, Rouen
LA BOITE A BIERES: rue Cauchoise,
Rouen
LE CLIPPER: rue des Boucheries St
Ouen, Rouen
LE GUEVARA CAFE: rue des Bons
Enfants, Rouen
LE NASH: rue Ecuyère, Rouen
LE 3 PIECES: rue Louis Ricard, Rouen
LE GARDE-ROBE: place du Lieutenant
Aubert, Rouen
DES BULLES PLEIN LES OREILLES:
rue Armand Carrel, Rouen
PUB YESTERDAY: rue du Moulinet,
Rouen
BIG BEN PUB: rue du Gros-Horloge,
Rouen
LE BISTROT ST MACLOU: rue
Martainville, Rouen
LE SAXO: place St Marc, Rouen
LE P'TIT BAR: rue Damiette, Rouen
LE GARDE-ROBE: place du Lieutenant
Aubert, Rouen
DES BULLES PLEIN LES OREILLES:
rue Armand Carrel, Rouen
PUB YESTERDAY: rue du Moulinet,
Rouen
BIG BEN PUB: rue du Gros-Horloge,
Rouen
LE BISTROT ST MACLOU: rue
Martainville, Rouen
LE SAXO: place St Marc, Rouen
LE P'TIT BAR: rue Damiette, Rouen
82
GASTRONOMY FROM
NORMANDY
GASTRONOMIE NORMANDE
DRINKS:
LES BOISSONS:
Cider, Pommeau, Calvados (especially
for the Trou Normand: a break
in the middle of a meal), kir
normand : drinks made of apples.
Le Poiré: kind of cider made of
pears.
La Bénédictine: brandy from
Fécamp, since 1510, has been
made in a monastery, made of
plants and spices.
Le cidre, le pommeau, le Calvados
(notamment
pour
le
Trou
Normand), kir normand : boissons
alcoolisées à base de pommes.
Le Poiré : sorte de cidre à base
de poires.
La Bénédictine : liqueur de
Fécamp, créée depuis 1510 par
les Bénédictins, à base de plantes
et d’épices.
Jus de pommes.
GASTRONOMY:
GASTRONOMIE:
Dishes made of apples, fresh cream,
pears, cherries from Duclair, bread
called “Brié”.
Plats à base de pommes, de crème
fraîche, poires, cerises de Duclair, pain
Brié.
- Cheese: Camembert,
Livarot, Pont Lévêque,
Pavé
d’Auge,
Petit
Suisse, Carré frais,
Demi-Sel, Cormeillais,
Brillat
Savarin
and
butter,
liquid fresh
cream.
- Fromages : Camembert, Neufchâtel,
Livarot, Pont Lévêque,
Pavé
d’Auge,
Petit
Suisse, Carré frais,
Demi-Sel, Cormeillais,
Brillat Savarin mais
aussi beurre et crème
fleurette.
- Viandes : mouton de
pré-salé, andouille de
Vire, tripes à la mode de Caen, canard
au sang, boudin noir de Mortagne,
omelette de la Mère Poulard, poulet
Vallée d’Auge, foie gras de Normandie
Neufchâtel,
- Meat: mutton from
« pré-salé », andouille de Vire (sausage
made of chitterlings), tripes à la mode
de Caen (tripes with sauce), canard au
sang (duck cooked in its blood), boudin
noir de Mortagne (black pudding),
omelette de la Mère Poulard, poulet
Vallée d’Auge (chicken cooked with
Calvados), foie gras de Normandie
- Produits de la mer : harengs, coquilles
St Jacques, huîtres du Cotentin, poissons
plats (sole, turbot…), maquereau de
Dieppe
- Sea food: herring, scallops, oysters
from Cotentin, flat fish (sole, turbot…),
mackerel from Dieppe
- Desserts: normand pie, Beurré
Normand (cake made of apples, butter
and raisins), la Teurgoule (rice cooked
with milk), douillons aux pommes, sablés
de Bayeux, brioche de Gisors, tarte
au sucre d’Yport, Fouace, Mirlitons:
different kinds of pastries.
- Desserts : tarte normande, beurré
Normand, la Teurgoule, douillons aux
pommes, sablés de Bayeux, brioche de
Gisors, tarte au sucre d’Yport, Fouace,
mirlitons.
- Friandises : caramels d’Isigny,
berlingots de Falaise, sucre de pomme
de Rouen, la confiture de lait.
- Sweets: caramels d’Isigny, berlingots
de Falaise, sucre de pomme de Rouen:
sorts of sweets; la confiture de lait
(jam made of milk).
83
84
Italy.
Italia.
Bari. Flavour and colour.
Bari.Fragranza e colore.
Geography: Bari 86; the Murgia 86;
Geografia: Bari 86; la Murgia 86; la
Apulia 87.
Puglia 87.
History: Terra di Bari 87; Bari 87;
Storia: Terra di Bari 87; Bari 87;
Triggiano 88.
Triggiano 88.
Past: masserie 88; legends 89; folklore,
Passato: le masserie 88; leggende 89;
89; superstitions and prejudices 90;
folklore 89; superstizioni e pregiudizi
proverbs 90.
90; proverbi 91.
Places: Triggiano...our town 91; Bari 92;
Luoghi: Triggiano...la nostra città 92;
Torre a mare 92; Capurso 93; Valenzano
Bari 92; Torre a mare 92; Capurso 93;
93; North of Bari 93; South of Bari 94.
Valenzano 93; A Nord di Bari 93; A Sud
Monuments: Bari (the cathedral 96;
di Bari 94.
the Basilica of St. Nicholas 96; palazzo
Monumenti: Bari (la cattedrale 96; la
della
provincia 98; archaeological
Basilica di S. Nicola 96; il palazzo della
museum 98; the castle 98; via Sparano
provincia 97; museo archeologico 97; il
99); Triggiano (the Mother Church 99);
castello 98; via Sparano 98); Triggiano
Valenzano (All Saints’ Church 100).
(la Chiesa Madre 98); Valenzano (Chiesa
Personalities: Bona Sforza 100.
di Ognissanti 99).
Gastronomy: 101.
Personaggi: Bona Sforza 100.
Events: festival of St. Nicholas 102;
Gastronomia: 101.
Carnival celebration 103; the Fiera del
Eventi: festa di S. Nicola 102; Carnevale
Levante 103.
102; la Fiera del Levante 103.
Leisure: parks in town, the San Nicola
Tempo libero: parchi cittadini, lo
stadium, the sea , theatres,
stadio di S. Nicola, il mare, teatri,
nature
reserves 103.
riserve naturali 103.
85
Geography.
Bari). Terra di
Bari (Terra di Bari). Terra di Bari
Bari reaches the district of Matera
confina con le province di Matera e
and Potenza in the South, extends
Potenza a sud, si estende da Barletta
from Molfetta to Monopoli along the
a Monopoli lungo il mare Adriatico
Adriatic Sea and South-East extends
e a sud - est
to Alberobel-
Locorotondo. Il territorio è dominato
lo and Locorotondo. The territory is
dall’altopiano calcareo delle Murge, ma
dominated by the calcareous range of
il legame di questa terra con il mare è
the Murge, but the link with the sea
molto forte. Città costiere come Bari,
is very strong. Coastal cities such as
Mola, Polignano offrono ai turisti un mix
Bari, Mola, Polignano offer tourists a
di acque limpide, belle spiagge rocciose
mix of limpid waters, beautiful rocky
e sabbiose, panorami artistici e storici.
and sandy beaches and a historic and
Il territorio è punteggiato da alberi di
artistic panorama. The inland landscape
ulivo, da profili di castelli e cattedrali,
of Terra di Bari is dotted with olive
da case con muri a secco, segni tangibili
trees, vineyards, almond groves, with
di una millenaria civiltà di agricoltori, da
the profiles of castles, cathedrals,
città in cui la parte vecchia coesiste con
trulli, with dry stone walls, with towns
la nuova.
Bari
(Terra
of
Geografia.
fino ad Alberobello e
in which the old part coexists with the
La Murgia. E’ un promontorio calcareo
new district.
The
Murgia. It is
carsico.
a calcareous
Corsi
d’acqua
scorrono
o
tableland. Streams flow, or used to
scorrevano sotto la superficie del suolo
flow under the surface as the rainwater
poiché la pioggia penetrava attraverso
penetrated the underground through
le
fractures in the limestone layer. We
Possiamo distinguere diverse aree: pre-
can distinguish different areas: pre-
Murgia, Murgia, bassa Murgia e Murgia
Murgia, Murgia, low Murgia and Murgia
dei Trulli. Ogni area ha un peculiare
86
fratture
dello
strato
calcareo.
of the Trulli. Each area has a distinct
paesaggio, clima, flora e fauna. Gran
landscape, climate, flora and fauna.
parte dell’alta Murgia, dove il paesaggio
Most of the high Murgia is a protected
è unico, è un parco protetto, coperto
park to preserve the unique natural
in primavera dai meravigliosi colori di
heritage, a dry flat land covered in
fiori selvatici.
spring with the wonderful colours of
La Puglia. La regione Puglia costituisce
wild flowers.
la parte sud orientale della penisola
Apulia. The region makes up the
italiana.
southeast part of the Italian peninsula.
regione.
Bari
è
il
capoluogo
della
Bari is the capital city of Apulia.
Storia.
History.
Terra di Bari. Il territorio fu popolato
sin dall’età paleolitica e già nel Neolitico
Terra
di
Bari. It was populated
la popolazione era
organizzata in
since the paleolithic period and in the
comunità agricole. Nel corso dei secoli
neolithic time the population was already
il territorio ha avuto molti invasori. La
organized in farming communities. The
maggior parte di essi arrivò dal mare in
territory had many invaders. Most of
una terra piena di colori ed abitata da
them arrived from the sea to a land full
gente ospitale.
of colours and populated by hospitable
Bari.
people.
Le
prime
notizie
storiche
risalgono all’infiltrazione romana nel
Bari. The first historical information
IV secolo a C. Nel 1067 sessantadue
about the existence of Bari dates back
marinai trasferirono i resti di San Nicola
to the Roman infiltration in the IV
da Myra a Bari conferendo notevole
century B.C. In 1067 sixty- two sailors
importanza
transferred the remains of St. Nicholas
il culto del Santo si diffuse nel mondo.
from Myra to Bari conferring great
Nel 1071 fu iniziata la costruzione di un
religious importance on the town as the
tempio per onorare il Santo, voluto sia
cult of the Saint spread throughout
dai Normanni sia dal Papa. Federico II
the world. In 1071
rese Bari capitale regionale. Dal 1501 al
the construction
87
religiosa alla città poiché
of a temple to honour the Saint was
1524 Bari fu governata dalla duchessa
begun, desired by both the Normans
Isabella d’Aragona e poi dalla figlia
who governed the city and the Pope.
Bona Sforza, regina di Polonia fino alla
Federick II made Bari a regional capital
sua morte nel1557. Con l’unificazione
city. From 1501 to 1524 Bari was ruled
dell’Italia, Bari divenne territorio del
by the duchess Isabel of Aragon and
regno d’Italia.
it was passed on to her daughter Bona
Sforza, Queen of Poland, until her death
Triggiano. In origine era probabilmente
in 1557. In 1860, Bari became territory
un insediamento fondato lungo il letto di
of the Kingdom of Italy.
un fiume preistorico, ora prosciugato
e chiamato ”Lama”. Il fiume era un
Triggiano. From the very beginning,
importante mezzo di comunicazione e
Triggiano was probably
a settlement
gli uomini si stabilirono nelle grotte
founded along the bed of a prehistoric
naturali lungo le sue sponde. Il nome
river, now waterless and named ‘Lama’.
Triggiano appare per la prima volta nel
The river was an important means of
1054 in un testamento di un certo Mele
communication and men settled in the
di Monopoli. Per molti secoli Triggiano
natural caves along its banks. The name
fu governata da un sistema di governo
Triggiano appears for the first time in
feudale e nel 1557 Bona Sforza, regina
1054 in a testament of a Mele from
di Polonia e duchessa di Bari, lasciò
Monopoli. For many centuries Triggiano
Triggiano a Gianlorenzo Pappacoda. La
was ruled by a system of feudal
dinastia Pappacoda governò fino al 1768
government and in 1557 Bona Sforza,
quando subentrò la dinastia Filomarino.
Queen of Poland and Duchess of Bari,
A questa seguì la
left Triggiano to Gianlorenzo Pappacoda.
dinastia Brancaccio. Nel XX secolo
The Pappacoda dynasty governed up to
Triggiano raggiunge un alto livello di
1768 when the Filomarino dinasty began,
sviluppo
followed by the Brancaccio dynasty.
soprattutto dopo la II guerra mondiale.
economico
ed
industriale,
In the twentieth century Triggiano
reaches a high level of economic and
Passato.
industrial development, above all after
the second world war.
Le
masserie
svilupparono
Past.
nel
fortificate.
XVI
secolo
Si
come
mezzo di difesa, ma esse hanno anche
rappresentato il cuore delle comunità
The fortified farms (Masserie).
agricole, fungendo da centro sociale,
They developed in the XVI century
completamente
as a means of defence, but they
La
have also represented the heart of
trasformazione dei suoi prodotti erano
the agricultural
tipici dell’area e le masserie erano
community, serving
as social centres completely
autosufficiente.
coltivazione
dell’olivo
e
la
quasi sempre costruite dietro, se non
self–
sufficient. The masserie were almost
direttamente
always built behind, if not directly
pugliesi, in cui c’erano le presse per le
sopra
tipiche
grotte
over typical Apulian grottoes, in which
olive.
there were the olive presses. Around
che era occupato dal proprietario,
the main building, which was occupied
c’erano la casa del contadino, la chiesa e
by the owner, there were the houses
le stalle. Tutti gli edifici erano costruiti
of the farmers, the church and the
intorno ad un cortile. Nel XVIII e XIX
stables. All the buildings were arranged
secolo, quando le masserie persero la
around a large courtyard. In the 18th
loro essenza difensiva, furono rifinite
Intorno all’ edificio principale,
con terrazze, fontane nei giardini e
and 19th centuries, when they lost
88
their defensive essence, the masserie
pergolati. Esse hanno forme diverse,
were enlarged and refined with loggias,
ma sono tutte senza tempo e piene di
terraces, fountains in the gardens and
fascino e memoria. In molte masserie
pergolas. They seem timeless and full of
potete trascorre piacevoli vacanze,
fascination and memory. A lot of farms
gustare
offer hospitality and you can spend a
partecipare
holiday enjoying the products of the
godere la tranquillità della campagna.
farm, guided activities and above all
Per informazioni: Agriturismo, Turismo
the tranquillity of the countryside. For
Verde e Terra nostra.
specialità
ad
gastronomiche,
attività
guidate
e
more information: Agriturism,Turismo
Leggende. La maggior parte delle
verde and Terra nostra.
leggende
sta
scomparendo
ed
è
Legends. Most of the legends have
sconosciuta alle generazioni più giovani.
begun to disappear and they are
Molte leggende sono legate a S. Nicola.
unknown to the youngest generations.
Una di queste racconta la storia di un
Many of the legends are linked to St.
povero uomo che aveva tre figlie, ma
Nicholas. One tells the story of a poor
non poteva permettersi di dare loro una
man who had three daughters but could
dote. Sentendo del problema del povero
not afford a drowry for them. Hearing
uomo, Nicola decise di aiutarlo e durante
of the poor man’s problem, Nicholas
la notte gettò, nella casa dell’uomo,
decided to help him
and during the
attraverso una finestra, tre sacchetti
night he threw three purses filled with
pieni di monete d’oro. Per questo motivo
gold coins through the window onto the
S. Nicola è spesso rappresentato con
man’s house. For this help St. Nicholas
tre globi dorati posti sul vangelo che ha
is very often represented with three
in mano.
golden globes placed on the gospel he
Folklore. La tradizione folk è dominata
has in his hand.
dalle feste religiose. Le immagini dei
Folklore. Folk tradition is dominated
santi sono portate attraverso le strade
by religious feasts. On the Patron
illuminate, accompagnate da musica e
Saint’s day the image of the saint is led
fuochi d’artificio. Non mancano le parate,
throughout the streets sparkled with
il parco divertimenti e le
illuminations, accompanied by music,
all’aperto, Molte tradizioni sono legate
fireworks , parades. Roundabouts and
alla cultura contadina: ad Acquaviva
stalls are set up in the open air. Some
delle Fonti un pesante pallone ad aria,
89
bancarelle
traditions are linked to the country
alto come una casa di circa quattro
traditions: at Acquaviva delle Fonti
piani, è lanciato la prima domenica di
a huge air balloon high as a four-
settembre e il lancio riuscito di esso è
floor house is sent up on the first
auspicio di buon raccolto. Le celebrazioni
Sunday in September and a successful
della settimana santa sono peculiari e
launching augurs a good harvest. Holy
pittoresche. Le processioni di
week celebrations are picturesque and
morto, della Addolorata, che cerca
peculiar. The processions of the dead
disperatamente
Christ, of the Addolorata desperately
tutte le chiese della città, dei misteri,
searching for her son through all the
delle dieci statue, che commemorano
churches in town and of the Mysteries,
le tappe della Via Crucis sono molto
of the ten statues recalling the halts of
suggestive. Il Natale ha anche le sue
the Via Crucis are very moving. Christmas
tradizioni, i suoi misteri e i suoi presepi
has also its traditions, its mysteries and
viventi. Vale la pena visitare questi
its animated cribs. It is worth seeing
presepi viventi nel Pulo di Molfetta e
the cribs in the Pulo near Molfetta and
tra i trulli di Alberobello dove la neve
among the Trulli in Alberobello where
può contribuire a dare un’atmosfera
the snow may contribute to create a
veramente magica.
il
figlio
Cristo
attraverso
really magic atmosphere.
Superstizione e preguidizi.
Superstitions and prejudices. They
Superstizioni e pregiudizi includono
include practices such as the foretelling
pratiche come
of the future, the evil-eye, and the
malocchio e incantesimo per sottomettere
casting of spells to submit others to
qualcuno alla propria volontà. La maggior
one’s will. Most of these practices are
parte di queste superstizioni è andata
by now lost, but some are still used
persa, ma alcune rimangono, come per
as the apotropaic masks placed above
esempio
the front door of some houses to keep
che, collocate in cima alle porte delle
the evil–eye away. Some superstitious
case antiche, scongiurano il malocchio
beliefs
the
e i sortilegi. Alcune superstizioni sono
people’s habits and they have become
ancora radicate nelle abitudini delle
conditioned reflexes in everyday life.
persone e, per alcuni, sono diventate
Here are some of the most common
condizionamenti nella vita di ogni giorno.
rules for superstitious people:
Ecco alcune delle regole più comuni:
Never give
Non regalate coltelli, potreste essere
are
still
rooted
in
knives as a present. You
could be killed by the same weapon.
Never give watches as a present. They
witness the passing of time and the
brevity of life.
Never sweep on the feet of a woman.
She will never get married.
Never look at yourself in the mirror.
Mirrors steal the soul.
Never open an umbrella in closed spaces.
It brings bad luck.
Never run down the house you live
in. The spirit of the house could get
angry.
Never mention the number 17. It was
a taboo in Bari and people preferred
to say 16 + 1 rather
than pronounce
seventeen. This trick was used by very
90
le
predizione del futuro,
maschere
apotropaiche
important people in several documents.
uccisi dalla stesso coltello.
Proverbs from Bari. Friends with
Non denigrate la casa in cui vivete, lo
everyone, faithful to no one.
spirito della casa potrebbe inquietarsi.
Forget
Non regalate orologi, sono testimoni del
people
who have nothing to
lose.
passare del tempo e della brevità del la
When poverty comes in by the door,
vita.
love gets out through the window.
Non ramazzate sui piedi di una donna,
The person who loves you is always with
non si sposerà.
you.
Non
Beauty is like a flower: They are both
specchi vi rubano l’anima.
short.
Non aprite un ombrello in un luogo
A beautiful girl is admired, a plain girl
chiuso, porta sfortuna.
gets married.
Non nominate il numero 17, Esso era un
A woman without love is like a flower
tabù a Bari e le persone preferivano
without odour .
dire 16+1 piuttosto che pronunciare
Out of sight out of mind.
17. Questo stratagemma fu usato da
A bride in the rain is a lucky bride.
molte persone importanti in parecchi
guardatevi
nello
specchio,
gli
Shoes are like relatives: the tighter
documenti.
they are the more they hurt.
Proverbi baresi. Amisce ke ttutte,
Cheapest is dearest.
fedéle ke nessciune (Amici con tutti,
You can never be too careful.
fedele con nessuno).
Don’t count your chickens before they
Lassa pèrde a cci non déne nudde da
are hatched.
pèrde (Lascia perdere chi non ha nulla
The tongue ever turns to the aching
da perdere).
tooth.
Acquanne la mésérie trase de la porte,
Eat up as you’ll be eaten.
u-amore iésse da la fenéste
People who always keep on thinking will
(Quando la miseria entra dalla porta,
become crazy.
l'amore esce dalla finestra).
The silence is worth a double answer.
Ci te vole bbéne, apprisse te véne
People who don’t speak aren’t mistaken.
(Chi ti vuol bene, ti segue).
La bellézze ié ccome o ffiore: picche
campe e ssubete more (La bellezza
è come il fiore: dura poco e subito
muore).
La fèmne sènze ammore ié nu ffiore
senza addore (La donna senza amore è
come un fiore senza odore).
Lendane da l'ècchie, lendane d'o core
(Lontano dagli occhi, lontano dal cuore).
Zit'abbaggnate, zit'affertenate
(Sposa bagnata, sposa fortunata).
Le scarpe so ccome a le parìinde: cchiù
so strètte e cchiù fascene male (Le
scarpe sono come i parenti: più sono
strette e più fanno male).
Accome spìnne, mange (Come spendi,
mangi).
Fedasse ié bbuéne, non fedasse ié
mmégghie (Fidarsi è bene, non fidarsi è
meglio).
Non ze candanne vettorie prime d'u
tìimbe (Non cantare vittoria prima del
91
tempo).
Places.
La lèngue abbatte addò u dénde dole (La
lingua batte dove il dente duole).
Triggiano…our
town. Triggiano is
Mange, c'à dda iésse mangiate. (Mangia,
a little town South-East of ltaly. It
che sarai mangiato).
borders Bari to the North and West,
Ci sémbe pènze ièsse matt. (Chi pensa
Capurso to the South and Noicattaro
sempre diventa pazzo).
to the East. About 8Km. far from Bari.
U tacé vale na doppia resposte. (Tacere
Triggiano has a population of about
vale una doppia risposta).
30,000 inhabitants. lt lies in a basin
Ci nom barle non sbagglie. ( Chi non parla
and is 10 km far from the coast. The
non sbaglia).
present town has been built around the
Luoghi.
old part of Triggiano which is full of
narrow streets. The principal church
Chiesa Matrice, dedicated to St. Maria
Triggiano…la
Veterana, rises in the old part of
Triggiano è una piccola città a sud-est
nostra
città.
the town. It contains very important
dell’Italia, che delimita Bari a nord e
historical traces of
Triggiano. It is
ad ovest, Capurso a Sud e Noicattaro
worth visiting it. Olive oil, wine and
ad est. Dista da Bari circa 8Km e dal
almonds are important resources of the
mare 10Km. La città moderna ha una
town .
popolazione di circa 30.000 abitanti
ed è stata costruita intorno al borgo
Bari. A very lively town on the Adriatic
antico di Triggiano, fatto di
sea, Bari lies on a plain and is the seat
strette. Qui sorge la chiesa principale,
of the local government. Commerce is
‘Chiesa
its principal source of wealth, but in
Veterana, che merita di essere visitata,
recent times the city has also become
perché contiene tracce storiche molto
the
importanti. Olio di oliva, vino e mandorle
cultural
capital
of
the
area,
promoting research and innovation in
strade
Madre’, dedicata a S. Maria
sono risorse importanti della città.
every sector. Its historic vocation
for business, for the confrontation
Bari. Città molto viva sul mare
with other cultures, ethnic groups and
Adriatico, sede del Governo locale. Il
economies is represented by the great
commercio è la sua principale fonte
Fiera Campionaria del Levante (Sample
di ricchezza, ma
Fair of the East). Moreover, when nine
culturale del territorio, promotrice di
hundred years ago sixty-two sailors
ricerca e innovazione in ogni settore.
transferred in Bari the remains of St.
La sua vocazione per gli affari, per il
Nicholas, they created the conditions
confronto con altre culture, gruppi
for the city development, and today the
etnici ed economie è rappresentata
presence of St. Nicholas relics gives
dalla grande fiera campionaria del
the town an international role. A visit
Levante. Inoltre, la presenza delle
to Bari is an important opportunity to
reliquie di S. Nicola conferisce alla città
explore one of Italy’s great historic
un ruolo internazionale. Una visita a Bari
centres, a place full of memories with
è un’ opportunità per esplorare uno dei
a cosmopolitan atmosphere. A mild
centri storici più grandi d’ Italia, un
climate, the scent of the sea, delicious
luogo pieno di memoria con un’atmosfera
food will make it a great holiday.
cosmopolita.. Un clima mite, il profumo
è anche la capitale
del mare, il cibo delizioso renderanno la
Torre a Mare. It is situated on the
vostra vacanza favolosa.
coast south of Bari. In the Middle
Ages, when the coast was overrun by
Torre a Mare. Torre a Mare è un
the Saracen raids, the only frequent
piccolo borgo situato sulla costa orientale
92
visitors of the place were fishermen
di Bari. Per lungo tempo fu legata
from nearby Casale di Noya (present
Noicattaro, una piccola città a sud di
a
Noicattaro). Between 1536 and 1573
Bari. Infatti nel Medio Evo, quando la
a watch tower was built here and a
costa era razziata dai Saraceni, gli unici
small village of fishermen grew around
visitatori erano i pescatori del vicino
the tower. Its original name was
Casale di Noya (odierna Noicattaro).
‘Torrepelosa’. In 1087 the three ships
Tra il 1536 e il 1573 fu costruita qui
carrying the relics of St. Nicholas came
una torre di avvistamento e intorno
into the slip of St. Giorgio. After 1867
alla torre si formò un piccolo villaggio
Torrepelosa became a holiday resort
di pescatori. Il suo nome originale era
and expanded.
In 1933 Torrepelosa
Torrepelosa. Dopo il 1867 Torrepelosa
was annexed to the town of Bari. The
divenne un luogo di villeggiatura e si
ruins of ‘Turris Juliana’, the prehistoric
ampliò. Dal 1933 il borgo è stato annesso
centre Punta la Penna, the Coastal
a Bari. Le rovine della ‘Torre Giuliana’,
Tower, the fishing village merit to be
il centro preistorico Punta la Penna, la
visited. Moreover the sea-front, the
torre costiera, il villaggio dei pescatori
harbour and the Regina Grotto make
meritano di essere visitati. Inoltre il
Torre a Mare full of charm.
lungomare, il porto turistico e la Grotta
Regina rendono Torre a Mare un posto
Capurso. A small town not far from
suggestivo.
Triggiano. The artisans of Capurso are
famous for their embroidered lace.
Capurso. Piccolo comune non lontano da
Religious tourism is developed as an
Triggiano. Gli artigiani di Capurso sono
icon of the Virgin, discovered in a well,
famosi per i loro merletti. Il turismo
is highly venerated.The Madonna del
religioso è sviluppato, poiché un’icona
Pozzo is celebrated on 28 August.
della Vergine ritrovata in un pozzo è
Valenzano. It has grown into a kind of
molto venerata. La Madonna del Pozzo si
southeast prolongation of Bari. The
celebra il 28 agosto.
town has ancient origins as proved by
the numerous remains of Peucetian
Valenzano.
tombs datable between the V and III
prolungamento di Bari a sud est. La città
centuries B.C. A castle rises in the older
ha origini antiche come testimoniano
district of the town. It is a Norman
numerosi
construction restored in the 1600s. The
databili tra il V e il III secolo a.C. Un
Chiesa Matrice has a fine façade with a
castello sorge nel borgo antico. E’ una
beautiful portal of the late Renaissance
costruzione normanna, restaurata nel
and the Chiesa dei Riformati is flanked
seicento. La Chiesa Matrice ha una
with a baroque bell tower built in 1774.
bella facciata con un portale del tardo
resti
E’
di
diventata
tombe
un
peucetie
Rinascimento e la Chiesa dei Riformati è
North of Bari. To the north of
fiancheggiata da una torre campanaria
Bari it is worth visiting Bisceglie with
costruita nel 1774.
its interesting churches and medieval
of
A Nord di Bari. A nord di Bari vale la
olive oil with its old town made up of
pena visitare Bisceglie con le sue chiese
renaissance
buildings;
interessanti e i monumenti medievali;
the old town of Giovinazzo, a mix of
Bitonto, città dell’olio d’oliva con il borgo
Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque; Ruvo
antico fatto di edifici rinascimentali e
with its cathedral, which is one of the
barocchi; la città vecchia di Giovinazzo,
best examples of Apulian romanesque
un mix di medievale, Rinascimento e
architecture;Terlizzi famous for the
barocco; Ruvo con la sua cattedrale che è
cultivation of flowers and works in
uno dei migliori esempi dell’architettura
monuments;
Bitonto,
and
the
baroque
home
ceramic, which are sold directly from
romanica Pugliese; Terlizzi famosa per la
93
workshops at an extremely reasonable
coltivazione di fiori e lavori in ceramica
price.
che sono venduti direttamente
dalla
fabbrica ad un prezzo estremamente
Molfetta. Not far from Bari, about
25 Km northward,
ragionevole.
we find Molfetta
(65.000 inhabitants). It has one of the
Molfetta. Non lontano da Bari (25 Km),
most active fishing port in our region
in direzione nord, troviamo Molfetta
with a really competitive fish market.
(65.000 abitanti ). Essa ha uno dei porti
On the sea there is the old duomo
più attivi della regione con un mercato
dedicated to St. Corrado. It was built
del pesce molto competitivo. Sul mare
between the XII and the XIII century.
si erge il vecchio duomo dedicato a S.
Corrado Giaquinto, the famous italian
Corrado, che venne costruito tra il XII
rococo painter was born here in 1703.
e il XIII
About 2 Km from the town the Pulo is
dalla città il Pulo merita una visita
worth a visit. It is a great depression
speciale. E’ una grande depressione nel
in the calcareous ground, the greatest
terreno calcareo ed è la più grande
apulian karst-doline ( 170 m x 130 m,
dolina carsica della Puglia, (170 m x
depth 35 m ). Its rock and steep walls
130 m, profonda 35 m ). Le sue pareti
show traces of prehistoric dwellings,
rocciose e ripide mostrano tracce di
grottoes – hamlet – neolithic necropolis.
abitazioni, grotte- borghi- necropoli
Molfetta is also a great producer of
neolitiche. La città di Molfetta è anche
flowers. The most famous producers
grande produttrice di fiori. I produttori
of flowers are the Ciccolella brothers.
più famosi sono i fratelli Ciccolella.
They
Essi coltivano
especially
grow
roses
and
secolo. A circa 2 Kilometri
specialmente rose e
anthuriums , which are in great demand
anthurium che sono molto richiesti in
all over the world.
tutto il mondo.
South of Bari.
Polignano. Polignano stands high on
A Sud di Bari.
Polignano. La città
the rock and the coast contains a lot of
alta costa rocciosa dove si trovano
sea caves. The most famous is Grotta
numerose grotte. La più famosa è
Palazzese from where you can look out
Grotta Palazzese, da dove si ammira il
over a limpid blue sea. The old town is
mare limpido. Attraverso un cancello si
entered through a gate and is made up
entra nella città antica fatta di viuzze
94
sorge
sulla
of medieval lanes and terraces which
medievali e terrazze che si affacciano
overlook the sea. In Polignano you can
sul mare.. A Polignano potete gustare
taste delicious ice cream and fish.
del buonissimo gelato e pesce.
Monopoli.
Monopoli
is
Monopoli. E’ il porto più a Sud della
the
southernmost port of Terra di Bari.
terra
Its cathedral, built in 1107 and rebuilt
costruita nel 1107 e ricostruita nel 1742,
di
Bari.
La
sua
cattedrale,
in 1742, is one of the most significant
è uno degli esempi più significativi di
baroque buildings. The town contains
edificio barocco. Nella città di Monopoli
also churches built in the XII century
si possono ammirare chiese costruite
over a pre-existing cave settlement. In
nel XII secolo sopra un preesistente
the area of the port, on the sea, the
insediamento
Aragonese castle, which is set off by a
del porto, sul mare, si trova il castello
round tower, stands. Along the coast of
aragonese contraddistinto da una torre
Monopoli you can find beautiful resorts
rotonda. Lungo la costa di Monopoli si
with well equipped hotels and tourist
trovano molte belle località turistiche
centres and all around rock churches
attrezzate di alberghi e nei dintorni si
and fortified farmhouses.
possono visitare suggestive chiese nella
sotterraneo.
Nell’area
roccia e masserie fortificate.
Castellana Caves. Placed at 45 Km
from Bari and 2 km from Castellana,
Grotte
they are the most important Italian
45 Km da Bari e a 2 Km da Castellana,
speleologist unit, rich of stalactites
costituiscono il sito speleologico più
and stalagmites. They were carved out
importante in Italia, ricco di stalattiti e
by
stalagmiti. Sono state scavate nei secoli
underground rivers. Franco Anelli
di
Castellana. Situate a
discovered them by chance in 1938.
da fiumi sotterranei. Franco Anelli le ha
Alberobello. A
little town south
Alberobello. E’ una piccola città a sud di
scoperte per caso nel 1938.
Trulli
Bari ed è famosa per i Trulli. Il suo suolo
constructions. Its soil is subject to the
è sottoposto all’azione erosiva dell’acqua
erosive action of meteoric water and
piovana e le rocce calcaree stratificate
the stratified calcareous rocks offered
offrirono
the building material to its town and
che caratterizza la città e dintorni. Il
of
Bari,
famous
for
the
95
materiale
di
costruzione,
its surroundings. The name Alberobello
nome deriva da Sylva Arboris Belli, una
comes from Sylva Arboris Belli, an oak
quercia, che, una volta, era diffusa nella
wood that once covered the zone. The
zona. I trulli risalgono al XVII secolo. Gli
trulli date back to the XVII century.
agricoltori costruirono edifici con muri
The
wall
di pietra secca, fatti di pezzi di pietre,
buildings, made by pieces of stones that
che aggregavano senza malta cosicché,
fit together without mortar so that, in
in caso di ispezione reale, era possibile
case of a royal inspection, they managed
demolire le costruzioni e
to demolish the dwellings very quickly.
fuori di notte. Scampato il pericolo,
Once the danger was over the dwellings
le
were rebuilt as quickly. Behaving like
altrettanto velocemente. In questo
that they avoided the tax imposed by
modo evitavano la tassa imposta dalla
the Prammatica de Baronnibus which
“ Prammatica de Baronibus” secondo la
stated that the birth of any urban
quale la nascita di qualsiasi agglomerato
conglomeration required the payment of
urbano richiedeva il pagamento di una
a tax. The trullo architecture is made
tassa. L’architettura del trullo è fatta
of the joining of a conical shape to an
dall’unione di una forma conica con
underlying cubic structure.The covering
una struttura cubica sottostante. Il
of the roof is formed by concentric
tetto è formato da file concentriche
rows of chiancarelle ( stone tile) which
di chiancarelle ( tegole di pietra) che
make up a false dome. The domes are
formano una falsa cupola. Le cupole sono
decorated with pinnacles and their
decorate con pinnacoli e la loro forma
shape is inspired by symbolic, mystic
è ispirata da elementi simbolici mistici
and
Alberobello
e religiosi. Alberobello e i trulli sono
and the Trulli have been protected as
protetti come monumento nazionale dal
a national monument since 1930 and
1930 e recentemente sono stati inclusi
recently included in the world heritage
nel patrimonio universale dell’UNESCO.
under the protection of UNESCO.
Alberobello è anche conosciuta per
Alberobello is also known for the works
lavori dei suoi artigiani: tappeti e tessuti
of its artisans: carpets and
venduti nei mercati della città.
farmers
religious
built
dry-stone
elements.
abitazioni
venivano
rimanere
ricostruite
i
textiles sold in the street markets set
Locorotondo. Città agricola, famosa
up in the town.
per i suoi eccellenti vini D.O.C.
Si
Locorotondo. An agricultural town,
affaccia
famous for its excellent D.O.C. wine,
depressione
which
punteggiata da trulli. Si consiglia una
bears
its
name.
The
town
sulla
valle
carsica
d’Itria,
molto
una
fertile,
visita alle cantine.
overlooks the Valley of Itria, a fertile
Karst depression dotted with Trulli.
Monumenti.
A visit to the local wine-cellar is
recommended.
Bari. La Cattedrale. E’ dedicata
Monuments.
a San Sabino e alla Madonna di
Costantinopoli, che sono i due patroni
Bari. The Cathedral. It is dedicated
della città. Costruita nella prima metà
to St. Sabinus and to the Madonna
dell’XI sec. e ricostruita nell’ultimo
of Costantinople, who are the city’s
decennio dell’undicesimo secolo, subì
patron saints. It was built in the first
diverse modifiche nel tempo. La torre
half of the XI century, rebuilt in the
della cattedrale è l’unica, che svetta,
last decades of the XII century and
sulla città.
its structure has been modified over
the centuries. The bell tower of the
Bari. La Basilica di San Nicola.
cathedral is the only one soaring the
Fu
96
costruita tra il 1087 e il 1197
per raccogliere le reliquie del Santo
city outline.
trafugate da marinai baresi a Myra, in
Bari. St. Nicholas Basilica. It was
Asia Minore. Può essere considerata
built between 1087 and 1197, during the
uno dei maggiori prototipi di chiese
italian-norman domination of Apulia, to
romaniche pugliesi, con un’imponente
house the relics of the Saint stolen in
facciata
Myra
asimmetriche.
(present Turkey) by sixty two
situata
Il
tra
due
portale
torri
maggiore,
sailors from Bari. The Basilica is a
delimitato da due monumentali buoi
regular pilgrimage destination both for
stilofori,
Italian and orthodox christians from
vittima del sacrificio, è incorniciato da
eastern Europe. It is an example of
un protiro cuspidato alla cui sommità
Apulian romanesque style.The façade
troneggia
is delimited by two asymmetric low
una navata centrale e due laterali,
towers. The interior has a nave and two
divise da pilastri e colonne di granito.
aisles, divided by granite columns and
Il presbiterio è separato dal resto
pilasters. The presbytery is separated
dell’edificio da tre archi, supportati da
from the rest of the edifice by means
colonne di influenza bizantina. Sopra
of three arches supported by columns
le navate laterali è il matronaeum, una
of byzantine influence. Above the aisles
galleria riservata un tempo alle donne,
is the matronaeum, a tribune gallery
che si apre sulla navata principale. Nella
for women, looking out over the nave.
Basilica si trova la cattedra di Elia, una
The Basilica houses a cathedra, the
delle opere scultoree più rilevanti del
cathedra of Bishop Elia, which is one
sud d’Italia. Le sculture, che reggono
of the most noteworthy romanesque
il trono, i Telamoni, mostrano lo sforzo
sculputaral works of the south of Italy,
fisico
finished in the XI century. There are
schiacciato dal peccato. Ci sono preziosi
precious mosaic pavements in the crypt
pavimenti musivi nella cripta e nel
and presbytery. The ciborium, the most
presbiterio. Anche il ciborio è decorato
ancient in the region, is also decorated
con mosaici. Esso ha quattro colonne
with mosaics and has four columns
con foglie, animali, figure mitologiche.
with foliage, animals and mythological
Nella cripta, bizantina e romanica, sono
che
una
immane,
simboleggiano
sfinge.
Cristo
L’interno
immagine
ha
dell’uomo
custodite le reliquie del santo.
Bari.
Palazzo
della
Provincia.
Di stile neo-classico contiene la
importante
pinacoteca
della
più
città,
intitolata a C. Giaquinto. La collezione
include dipinti della scuola veneta e
sculture romaniche, presepi napoletani,
terracotta di Puglia, icone bizantine e
opere di maestri del XIX e XX secolo.
Una straordinaria selezione, che va da
Tintoretto e Luca Giordano a De Nittis
e Morandi.
Bari.
Museo
archeologico. Fu
fondato nel 1875. Esso include la
collezione archeologica più completa
di Puglia, principalmente terracotta e
bronzo. Sarà collocato nell’ex convento
di Santa Scolastica, una chiesa barocca
97
nella
città
vecchia,
fra
abitudini,
figures. The crypt, in byzantine and
tradizioni e gusti rimasti inalterati nel
romanesque style, houses the relics of
tempo.
St. Nicholas.
Bari. Il Castello. Il Castello normanno
Bari. Palazzo della Provincia. The
svevo fu costruito nel periodo normanno
neo-renaissance Palazzo della Provincia
ai margini del borgo antico sia a scopo
contains the city’s main picture gallery,
difensivo sia per controllare la città.
named after C. Giaquinto. Its collection
Fu restaurato da Federico II. Esso
includes paintings of the Veneto school
presenta una struttura trapezoidale,
and romanesque sculptures, Neapolitan
ha quattro torri angolari, che furono
cribs and pottery from Puglia, byzantine
progettate
icons and major works by Italian
di Aragona e Bona Sforza. Il castello
masters of the XIX and XX centuries.
ospita il museo con sculture romane
An
della regione.
extraordinary
selection
ranging
dalla
duchessa
Isabella
from Tintoretto and Luca Giordano to
Bari.
De Nittis and Morandi.
elegante
Via
di
Sparano. Strada più
Bari.
congiunge
corso
Bari. Archaeological Museum. It
Vittorio Emanuele a piazza Aldo Moro
was founded in 1875. It includes the
dove si trova la stazione ferroviaria.
most complete collection of Apulian
Aria pedonale piacevole per passeggiare
archaeological finds, mostly vases and
o fare shopping. Lungo via Sparano, sul
bronzes. It will be displayed in the
secondo isolato arrivando da corso V.
former monastery of St. Scolastica,
Emanuele, potete ammirare la chiesa di
a baroque church which stands in Bari
S. Ferdinando. Fu costruita nel 1850 e
vecchia where habits, traditions, and
ricostruita negli anni trenta nello stile
tastes have remained unaltered by
tipico di quel periodo. Un isolato più giù
time.
troviamo il Palazzo Mincuzzi (1928),
proprietà di una delle più antiche
Bari. The Castle. The norman swabian
famiglie di commercianti di Bari ed
castle was built in norman times at the
è un esempio di art nouveau. La sua
extreme margin of the old town both
imponente cupola simboleggia il potere
with defensive purpose and to control
del commercio. Percorrendo ancora
over the town. Later it was restored
la strada in direzione Piazza Aldo
98
by Frederick II. It shows a trapezoidal
Moro troviamo la libreria degli editori
structure plan with four corner towers,
Laterza.
which were planned by the Duchesses
Isabella of Aragon and Bona Sforza.
Triggiano. La Chiesa Madre. La
The Castle houses a museum of Roman
Chiesa Matrice di Triggiano fu fondata
sculptures from the region.
alla fine dell'XI secolo e abbattuta
Bari. Via Sparano. It is the smartest
nel XVI. Più tardi nello stesso luogo fu
street in Bari. It joins corso V. Emanuele
costruita una chiesa più grande.
to Piazza A. Moro where the railway
1982, durante
station stands. Cars are not allowed
lavori di rifacimento della pavimentazione
across Via Sparano so it is a really
della
pleasant walk. Along via Sparano, on the
medievale venne alla luce, e con essa
block moving from Corso V. Emanuele,
molti spazi ipogei. Molto probabilmente
you can admire St. Ferdinand’s church.
la chiesa medievale era completamente
It was built in 1850 and rebuilt in the
affrescata,
thirties in
Fascist Style. Another
tracce di affresco presenti sui muri
block further down the striking Palazzo
originari dove si riconoscono i resti di
Mincuzzi (1928) stands. It belongs to
un San Leonardo e di un Sant'Antonio
one of the oldest families of traders in
Abate. La chiesa superiore ha una pianta
Bari. It is an example of art nouveau and
basilicale
its large dome symbolizes the power of
due navate laterali; la navata centrale
trade. Still further down the street you
si conclude con un’abside che accoglie l’
can visit Laterza publishing house.
altare maggiore dedicato alla Vergine.
chiesa
moderna
come
la
Nel
chiesa
testimoniano
le
con una navata centrale e
Lungo le navate laterali ci sono piccole
Triggiano.The Mother Church. It
cappelle costruite alla fine del secolo
was built towards the end of the XI
XVI. Una delle cappelle è dedicata alla
century and demolished in the XVI.
Madonna di Costantinopoli. La chiesa
Later a larger church was erected on
Madre presenta diverse sculture lignee,
the same place. In 1982, during some
il gruppo della natività, e una serie di
works of restoration, the medieval
tele di pregevole fattura. Considerevole
church came to light and with it many
è anche il ciclo delle tele che decorano
ipogeal rooms. Probably the medieval
il soffitto della navata centrale, ciclo
church was completely frescoed as
dedicato alla Vergine, realizzato da N.
there are the remains of frescoes on
De Filippis.
99
the original walls where we can see the
Valenzano. Chiesa di Ognissanti.
remains of a St Leonard and St. Anthony.
E’ situata proprio fuori Valenzano, loco
The upper church has a basilican plant
Cuti. Si può raggiungere da Valenzano
with a nave and two aisles. The nave
seguendo le indicazioni sulla strada per
ends with an apse which contains the
Bari. Costruita nel 1080, era un’ abbazia
main altar. Along the aisles there are
benedettina. Il monastero è andato
some small chapels built at the end of
perduto, ma la chiesa è ben conservata.
the XVI century. One of the chapels is
La sua struttura ha cupole allineate
dedicated to St. Mary of Costantinople
e mezze volte laterali a botte. La
and is built on two levels: on the lower
facciata si apre attraverso tre portali
one there is the altar dedicated to the
ad arco. L’interno è spoglio, austero ed
Holy Sacrament; on the upper level
è diviso in tre navate che finiscono in
there is the altar and above it a fresco
altrettante absidi. Ci sono tre cupole
representing the Odegitria or Madonna
che si appoggiano sui pinnacoli, che
of Costantinople, the ancient patron of
coprono la navata principale.
Triggiano. In the church there are some
Personalità.
wooden sculptures, the nativity group
and a series of paintings. On the ceiling
N. De Filippis representing the life of
Bona Sforza. Una regina polacca in
Italia. Isabella d'Aragona, principessa
the Virgin.
di Napoli, fu duchessa di Bari dal 1499
of the nave there are some paintings by
Valenzano. All Saints’ Church.
al 1524. Sposò il suo primo cugino, Gian
Galeazzo Sforza, duca di Milano (1469-
The Chiesa di Ognissanti is situated
1494). Ebbero due figli: Francesco, duca
just outside Valenzano in loco Cuti.
di Milano (1494 — 1512), Bona, regina
We reach it from Valenzano following
di Polonia, granduchessa di Lituania e
the road signs on the way to Bari. It
seconda moglie del re Sigismondo di
is the rest of a Benedectine Abbey
Polonia e Ippolita Maria che morì all’età
founded around 1080. The monastery is
di 7 anni. Quando Isabella morì, Bona
lost, but the church is well-preserved.
divenne duchessa di Bari e principessa
Its structure has aligned domes and
di Rossano. Donna molto bella, sposò
half tunnel side vaults. The façade
l’anziano re di Polonia Sigismondo I
opens through three arched portals.
divenendo regina di Polonia. Governò
The interior is
bare and severe and
Bari per procura. Alla morte del coniuge
is divided into three naves ending in
fu sospettata, pur senza evidenza, di
as many apses. There are three domes
which rest on the pendentives covering
the main nave.
Personalities.
Bona Sforza. A Polish Queen in
Terra di Bari. Isabella D’Aragona,
princess of Naples, was duchess of
Bari from 1499 to 1524. She married
her first cousin Gian Galeazzo Sforza,
Duke of Milan. They had one son and
two daughters: Francesco, Duke of
Milan, (1494-1512); Bona, Queen of
Poland, Gran Duchess of Lithuania,
and second wife of King Sigismund I
of Poland; Ippolita Maria, who died at
100
the age of seven. When Isabella died
avere avvelenato la nuova regina. Lasciò
Bona succeeded to the titles Duchess
la Polonia e venne a Bari dove fu accolta
of Bari and Princess of Rossano. A very
calorosamente
beautiful woman, Bona married the old
La duchessa si impegnò ad alleviare
King of Poland Sigismund I and became
la miseria della città, impedendo le
Queen of Poland. She governed Bari by
angherie dei pubblici amministratori
proxy. Upon her husband’s death, she
e
was suspected, without evidence, of
pubbliche. Morì il 19 novembre 1557. Le
having poisoned the new Queen. She
sue spoglie riposano nella Basilica di San
left Poland and came to Bari where
Nicola per volontà di sua figlia Anna.
facendo
dalla
realizzare
popolazione.
molte
opere
she was given a warm welcome by the
Gastronomia.
people. She devoted herself to the
improvement of the economic conditions
a lot of Public works. Bona died on 19th
Colori, aromi, sapori del nostro
territorio. La cucina offre una grande
November 1557. Her remains rest in St
varietà
Nicholas Basilica in the tomb built by
tradizioni. Gli elementi base sono: olio,
her daughter Anne.
grano e verdure, che vengono dalla
of the city and ordered the building of
di fragranze, ingredienti e
terra e pesce dal mare. Ogni pasto è
Gastronomy.
accompagnato da vino robusto prodotto
qui. Da sempre il cibo preferito è la
Colours, aromas, tastes of our
province. Cooking offers a great
pasta. L’antica tradizione di fare la
variety of flavours, ingredients and
strascinati…. è ancora viva. Il sugo è
traditions. The basic elements are:
fatto con carne o pesce, ma molti altri
oil, grain and vegetables, which come
ingredienti possono essere combinati.
from the land and fish from the sea.
Il sugo di pesce più popolare è il
Of course every meal is accompanied
ciambotto, che è un misto di diverse
by the robust wine produced here. The
varietà di pesce. E’ molto conosciuta la
ancient tradition of making pasta by
‘casseruola di piccoli polipi’, preparata
hand, orecchiette, lasagne, strascinati...
con polipi, olio, cipolla, vino bianco, salsa
is still practiced. It is served with a
di pomodoro, prezzemolo e pepe. La
meat or a fish sauce, but there are
combinazione più popolare è quella delle
pasta a mano orecchiette, lasagne,
101
lots of different ingredients that can
verdure locali con la pasta: broccoli
be combined. The most popular fish
e pasta, cavolfiori e pasta, pasta e
sauce is ciambotto, which is a mixture of
rucola, orecchiette e cime di rape. Il
different varieties of fish. Very known
pane è molto buono e vario. Merita di
is the ‘saucepan of little octopus’ made
esser menzionata la ’frisedda’, che fa
with
octopus, oil, onion, white wine,
parte della tradizione popolare: pane
tomato sauce, parsley and pepper. The
di forma circolare che viene infornato,
most common combination is that of the
tagliato a metà in modo da formare due
local vegetables and pasta: broccoli and
forme circolari e infornato nuovamente.
pasta, cauliflower and pasta, pasta and
Viene poi bagnato in acqua fredda e
wall rocket (rucola), orecchiette and
condito con sale, olio, peperoncino e/o
turnip tops. Our bread is very good and
pomodoro e cipolla. Anche la focaccia
there are a lot of varieties. It’s worth
è fatta con pasta di pane. Il pesce è
mentioning the frisedda’ which comes
abbondante, fresco e di alta qualità,
from the popular tradition: a
dai piccoli polipi alle acciughe che sono
shaped bread which is baked,
ring
cut in
mangiate anche
crude. I prodotti
half and baked again. Then it is soaked
caseari, ricotta, pecorino, scamorza,
in cool water and seasoned with salt,
mozzarella e burrata sono molto buoni.
oil, pepper and/or with tomatoes and
Eventi.
onion. Focaccia is also made with the
same dough as bread. Fish is abundant,
fresh and of high quality. From the
Festa di San Nicola. Dal 7 al 9
small octopus, to the anchovies which
Maggio, ogni anno Bari celebra San
are
also eaten raw. Dairy products
Nicola, per ricordare la traslazione nel
are also very good: delicious ricotta,
porto di San Giorgio, delle ossa di San
pecorino, scamorza, mozzarella
Nicola, trafugate a Myra nel 1087. La
and
burrata cheese.
statua del Santo, portata in processione
per le strade della città è poi imbarcata
Events.
dal molo di San Nicola su due piccole
barche legate insieme. Portata in mare
Festival of St Nicholas. From 7th
aperto viene venerate per tutto il
to 9th May every year Bari celebrates
giorno.
St. Nicholas to recall the removal to
Carnevale. Il più famoso carnevale
102
the port of St. Giorgio of the bones of
del territorio è quello organizzato
St. Nicholas, taken from Myra in 1087.
a Putignano. Inizia il 26 dicembre e
The statue of the Saint is carried in
raggiunge il suo apice con una sfilata
procession through the town’s streets
di carri allegorici allestiti con figure di
and then embarked from the mole of
carta pesta.
St. Nicholas on two small boats bound
La Fiera del Levante. La Campionaria
together. It is left all day on the open
internazionale ha luogo ogni anno a
sea to be venerated.
settembre. Gli espositori sono migliaia e
vengono da più di cinquanta paesi.
Carnival
celebrations. The most
famous Carnival of the territory of
Tempo libero.
Parchi cittadini. Merita di essere
Bari is the one organized in Putignano.
citato parco Due Giugno a Bari e
It begins on
26th of December and
nella periferia nord , la Pineta di San
reaches its climax in a parade of huge
Francesco all’Arena. Recentemente
papier-mâché floats carrying sometimes
di fronte al lungomare di Bari, verso
incredibly
sud, è stata realizzata un’ area verde
extravagant
allegorical
figures.
fornita di attrezzi sportivi e ricreativi.
Lo stadio di San Nicola. Imponente
The Fiera del levante. The ancient
struttura
mercantile tradition of Bari started off
occasione dei campionati del mondo di
the great trade fair of the city. The
calcio progettata dall’arch. R. Piano.
costruita
nel
1990
in
International Exhibition takes place
Il Mare. Belle spiagge e limpide acque
every year in September.The exhibitors
blu offrono molte opportunità per il
are thousands and come from more than
tempo libero.
Teatri e Cinema. Il più antico teatro
50 different countries.
di Bari è il teatro municipale Nicolò
Leisure.
Piccinni. Il teatro Petruzzelli sarà
riaperto presto.
Parks in Town. It’s worth mentioning
Riserve Naturali. Meritano di essere
Due giugno park in Bari and, on the
visitati il bosco di Mercadante nell’alta
outskirts north of Bari, the Pineta of
Murgia e la riserva naturale nell’area di
S. Francesco all’Arena. Recently, along
Alberobello e Locorotondo.
the sea-front of Bari going southward,
a large green area equipped with
recreational and sports facilities has
been built.
The
San
Nicola
stadium. A
magnificent structure built on the
occasion of the 1990 football world cup
designed by the architect Renzo Piano.
The Sea. Rocky and sandy beaches,
limpid blue waters offer plenty of
activities for leisure.
Theatres and cinemas. The oldest
theatre in Bari is the Nicolò Piccinni
Municipal
theatre.
The
Petruzzelli
theatre will be reopened in March.
Nature
Reserves. The Bosco of
Mercadante in the high Murgia and the
naturel reserve of the Murgia in the
area of Alberobello and Locorotondo
merit to be visited.
103
return reservation
seat
to announce
to be air sick
to cancel
to land
to take off
By land:
compartment
dining-car
express train
fast train
long distance
luggage van
sleeper
abrocharse los cinturones
número de vuelo
control de pasaporte
avión
reserva del billete de
vuelta
asiento
anunciar
marearse en el aire
cancelar
aterrizar
despegar
Por tierra:
compartimento
coche restaurante
tren expreso
tren rápido
larga distancia
vagón de equipaje
coche cama
fasten your seat belts
flight number
passport control
plane
une réservation de retour
siège
annoncer
avoir le mal de l’air
annuler
atterrir
décoller
Par la route:
compartiment
wagon restaurant
train express
train rapide
longue distance
porte-bagages
wagon couchette
attachez votre ceinture
numéro de vol
contrôle des passeports
avion
Francais
1.Transport:
Par avion
aéroport
hôtesse de l’air
embarquement
porte d’embarquement
heure d’embarquement
sortie d’urgence
allacciare le cinture
numero di volo
controllo del passaporto
aereo
prenotazione andata e
ritorno
posto
annunciare
soffrire il mal d’aria
cancellare
atterrare
decollare
Via terra:
scompartimento
vagone ristorante
treno espresso
treno rapido
distanza lunga
bagagliaio
cuccetta
Italiano
1.Trasporto:
Aereo:
aeroporto
assistente di volo
imbarco
cancello d’imbarco
orario di registrazione
uscita di emergenza
zapnij pasy
numer lotu
kontrola paszportowa
samolot
rezerwacja biletu
powrotnego
miejsce
ogłosić
bać się latania
odwołać
lądować
wystartować
Transport lądowy:
przedział
wagon jadalny
pociąg ekspresowy
pociąg pośpieszny
pociąg dalekobieżny
bagażówka
wagon sypialny
Polski
1.Transport:
Powietrzny:
lotnisko
stewardesa
wchodzenie na pokład
bramka
odprawa
wyjscie ewakuacyjne
MULTILINGUISTIC DICTIONARY OF TOURISTIC TERMS
Español
1.Transporte:
Por aire:
aeropuerto
azafata de vuelo
embarque
puerta de embarque
hora de facturación
salida de emergencia
English
1.Transport:
By air
airport
air hostess
boarding
boarding gate
check-in-time
emergency exit
rezervare dus-întors
loc
a anunţa
a avea rău de avion
a anula
a ateriza
a decola
Pe uscat:
compartiment
vagon restaurant
tren expres
tren rapid
tren de cursă lungă
vagon de bagaje
vagon de dormit
Română
1.Transport:
Pe calea aerului:
aeroport
stewardesă
îmbarcare
poartă de îmbarcare
timpul de sosire
ieşire de urgenţă
fixaţi-vă centurile de
siguranţă
numărul zborului
control paşapoarte
avion
fumador/no fumador
tren sin parada
estación de tren
estación de metro
Señales:
avenida
calle cortada
camino
prohibido el paso
acera
calle peatonal
plaza
calle
Señales de tráfico:
ceder el paso
prohibida la entrada
prohibido aparcar
prohibido girar a la
izquierda
prohibido girar a la
derecha
sentido único
paso de peatones
rotonda
parada
smoker/non-smoker
through train
train-railway station
underground-station
Street-terms:
avenue
dead end
main road
no through road
pavement
pedestrian street
square
street
Road signs:
give way
no entry
no parking
no turn right
one way
pedestrian crossing
roundabout
stop
no turn left
tren lento
slow train
pociag
wagon dla palących i
niepalących
pociąg bezpośredni
dworzec kolejowy
vietato girare a sinistra
zakaz skrętu w prawo
droga jednokierunkowa
przejście dla pieszych
rondo
znak stopu
zakaz skrętu w lewo
stazione della metropolitanastacja metra
Wyrażenia związane z
Terminologia stradale:
ulicą:
viale
aleja
stada senza uscita
ślepa uliczka
strada principale
szosa
strada non transitabile
brak drogi bezpośredniej
marciapiede
chodnik
strada pedonale
droga dla pieszych
piazza
skwer
strada
ulica
Segnali stradali:
Znaki drogowe:
ustąp pierwszeństwa
dare la precedenza
przejazdu
vietato entrare
zakaz wjazdu
vietato parcheggiare
zakaz parkowania
fumatori/non fumatori
treno direttto
stazione ferroviaria
treno regionale
interdit de tourner à droitevietato girare a destra
sens unique
senso unico
passage piétons
strisce pedonale
rond point
rotatoria
stop
fermata
céder le passage
interdiction d’entrée
interdiction de stationner
interdit de tourner à
gauche
Signalisation
avenue
voie sans issue
route principale
impasse
trottoir/chaussée
rue piétonne
place
rue
Signalisation routière
station de métro
fumeur/non fumeur
train direct
gare
train omnibus
cedează trecerea
sens interzis
parcarea interzisă
interzis întoarcere la
stânga
interzis întoarcere la
dreapta
sens unic
trecere de pietoni
sens giratoriu
stop
Termeni legaţi de stradă:
bulevard
fundătură
şosea principală
circulaţie interzisă
trotuar
cale pietonală
piaţă
stradă
Semne de circulaţie:
metrou-staţie
fumători/nefumători
tren direct
tren-gară
tren personal
consigna
oficina de objetos perdidos bureau des objets trouvés ufficio oggetti smarriti
perder el avión/tren
left-luggage office
lost property office
miss the plane/train
rater l’avion/train
consigne
Termes de voyage
arrivée
bureau de réservation
correspondance
formalités douanières
retard
départ
destination
monter/descendre
bagage à main
bureau d’informations
Términos de viaje:
llegada
oficina de reservas
conexión
formalidades de aduanas
retraso
salida
destino
subirse/bajarse
equipaje de mano
mostrador de información
Travel terms:
arrival
booking office
connection
customs formalities
delay
departure
destination
get on/ get off
hand luggage
information desk
perdere l’aereo/il treno
tessera per sette giorni
biglietto andata
Termini utili quando si
viaggia:
arrivo
ufficio prenotazione
collegamento
formalità doganali
ritardo
partenza
destinazione
salire/scendere
bagaglio a mano
sportello informazioni
ufficio deposito
bagaglibagagli
tessera giornaliera
biglietto ridotto
biglietto andata e ritorno
biglietto stagionale
prenotazione del posto
seconda classe
Biglietti:
prima classe
seven day travel card
single ticket
one day travel card
reduced fare
return ticket
season ticket
seat reservation
second class
Tickets:
première classe
ticket de transport pour
une journée
tarif réduit
billet retour
carte d’abonnement
réservation de siège
seconde classe
carte de transport
hebdomadaire
aller simple
Billetes
primera clase
tarjeta de viaje para un
día
precio reducido
billete de ida y vuelta
abono
asiento reservado
segunda clase
tarjeta de viaje para una
semana
billete de ida
Tickets:
first class
biuro rzeczy zagubionych
spóźnić się na samolot/
pociąg
przechowalnia bagażu
bilet siedmiodniowy
bilet w jedną stronę
Wyrazenia związane z
podróżą:
przyjazd
kasa rezerwacji biletów
połączenie
formalności celne
odwołanie lotu
odjazd
cel podróży
wejść/wyjść
bagaż podręczny
informacja
bilet jednodniowy
zniżka
bilet powrotny
bilet sezonowy
rezerwacja miejsca
druga klasa
Bilety:
pierwsza klasa
a pierde avionul/trenul
birou de bagaje
birou pentru bagaje
pierdute
Termeni utili în călătorii:
sosire
casa de bilete
legătură
formalităţi vamale
întârziere
plecare
destinaţie
a urca/a cobori
bagaje de mană
birou de informaţii
abonament de şapte zile
bilet dus
abonament de o zi
bilet cu preţ redus
bilet dus-întors
abonament
rezervare de bilete
clasa a doua
Bilete:
clasa întâi
is there a …nearby?
it’s behind the...
it’s in front of the…
it’s next to the…
it’s opposite the…
not far from…
how can I get to…?
passager
plate-forme
porteur
salle de repos
itinéraire
escale
contrôleur
horaires
classe économique
agence de voyages
chariot
salle d’attente
passeggero
binario
facchino
posto di ristoro
percorso
fare scalo
controllore
orario di registrazione
classe turistica/economica
agenzia turistica
carrello
sala attesa
2.Directions:
2.Indicazioni:
Demander/montrer le
chemin
chiedere/ indicare la via
être perdu
perdersi
prendre le bus/tramway… salire sul bus/tram..e
et descendre à…
scendere a…
aller tout droit
andare diritto
Comment puis-je me rendre
¿cómo puedo llegar a......? à…?
come posso arrivare a…?
c’è un/una…… nelle
¿hay......cerca?
Y a-t-il ….à proximité?
vicinanze?
está detrás--..
c’est derrière le…
è dietro il/la….
está delante de...
c’est devant le…
è davanti al/alla….
está al lado de...
c’est à côté de …
è accanto al/alla….
está enfrente de...
c’est face à…
è di fronte al/alla….
no muy lejos de...
pas très loin de…
non lontano da….
pasajero
andén
mozo
sala de espera
ruta
escala
revisor
horario
clase turista
agencia de viajes
carrito
sala de espera
2.Direcciones:
preguntar/mostrar el
ask/show the way
camino
get lost
perderse
get on bus/tram….and get coger el bus/tranvía..y
off at…
bajarse
go straight on
ir todo recto
2.Directions:
passenger
platform
porter
refreshment room
route
stopover
ticket inspector
timetable
tourist class
travel agency
trolley
waiting-room
czy jest…………..w pobliżu?
jest za………
jest przed….
jest obok….
jest naprzeciwko…
niedaleko od…..
jak mogę dostać się do…?
pytać o drogę
zgubić się
wejść do autobusu/
tramwaju i wyjść
iść prosto
2.Kierunki:
pasażer
peron
bagażowy
bufet
trasa
przerwa w podróży
konduktor
rozkład jazdy
klasa turystyczna
biuro podróży
wózek
poczekalnia
cum pot ajunge la…?
exista vreo/vreun…în
apropiere?
este în spatele…
este în faţa…
este lânga…
este vis-a vis de…
nu departe de…
pasager
peron
hamal
bufet
rută
escală
controlor de bilete
orar
clasa turist
agenţie de voiaj
cărucior de bagaje
sală de aşteptare
2.Indicaţii pentru
orientare:
a întreba/ a arăta drumul
spre…
a se rătăci
suiţi-vă în autobusul/
tramvaiul…şi coborâţi la…
mergeţi drept înainte
el...está a la derecha/
izquierda
girar a la izquierda
girar a la derecha
3.Saludos:
buenas tardes
adiós
buenas noches
buenos días
buenas noches
hola
¿qué tal estás?
bien, gracias
me presento. Me llamo...
¿qué tal?
encantado de conocerte
hasta luego
4.Alojamiento:
alojamiento
aire acondicionado
todo incluído
cama y desayuno
pensión
¿puedo ayudarte?
chalet
¡no molestar!
habitación doble
the…is on the right/left
turn left
turn right
3.Greetings:
good afternoon!
good bye!
good evening!
good morning!
good night!
hello!
how are you?
fine, thank you!
may I introduce myself?
My name is…
how do you do?
nice to meet you!
see you later!
4.Accomodation:
accomodation
air-conditioning
all inclusive
bed and breakfast
boarding house
can I help you?
chalet
do not disturb!
double room
posso presentarmi?
piacere
il/la… è sulla destra/
sinistra
giri a sinistra
giri a destra
3.Saluti:
buon pomeriggio
arrivederci
buona sera
buon giorno
buona notte
ciao
come stai?
bene, grazie
Heureux de vous rencontrerlieto di conoscerti
à plus tard
ci vediamo più tardi
4.Hébergement:
4.Alloggio:
Logement
alloggio
air conditionné
aria condizionata
tout compris
tutto incluso
chambre et petit déjeuner letto e prima colazione
pension
pensione
Puis-je vous aider?
posso aiutarla/aiutarti?
chalet
chalet
Ne pas déranger!
non disturbare
chambre double
stanza doppia
Je m’appelle...
Comment vas-tu ?
c’est à gauche/droite
tourner à gauche
tourner à droite
Formules de politesse
Bon après-midi
Au revoir
Bonne soirée
Bonjour (matin)
Bonne nuit
Bonjour
Comment vas-tu ?
Je vais bien, merci
…se afla la dreapta/la
stânga…
luaţi-o la stânga
luaţi-o la dreapta
3.Formule de salut:
bună ziua
la revedere
bună seara
bună dimineaţa
noapte bună
bună!
ce mai faci?
bine, mulţumesc.
miło mi Cię poznać
do zobaczenia!
4.Zakwaterowanie:
zakwaterowanie
klimatyzacja
wszystko wliczone w cenę
nocleg ze śniadaniem
pensjonat
w czym mogę pomóc?
szalet
nie przeszkadzać!
pokój dwuosobowy
încântat de cunoştinţă!
pe mai târziu!
4.Cazare:
cazare
aer condiţionat
casă masă
mic dejun inclus
pensiune
cu ce vă pot servi?
cabană
nu deranjaţi!
cameră cu doua paturi
chciałabym się przedstawić.îmi permiteţi să mă
Nazywam się…….
prezint? Mă numesc…
miło mi poznać Pana/Panią! încântat de cunoştinţă!
………..jest na prawo/lewo
skręć w lewo
skręć w prawo
3.Pozdrowienia:
dzień dobry!
do widzenia!
dobry wieczór!
dzień dobry!
dobranoc!
cześć!
jak się masz?
dziękuję, dobrze!
viaje organizado
motivo de la visita
recepción
recepcionista
servicio de habitaciones
¿sencilla o doble?
habitación sencilla
estación termal
tienda
cobrar
molestar
rellenar
dar a
have you booked a room?
heating
holiday camp
hostel
hotel
hotel bill
i’d like a room for two
nights.
identity card
package holiday
purpose of visit
reception desk
receptionist
room service
single or double?
single room
spa
tent
to
to
to
to
charge
disturb
fill in
overlook
ascensor
pensión
media pensión
¿has resevado una
habitación?
calefacción
campamento de verano
albergue
hotel
factura del hotel
quisiera una habitación
para dos noches.
carné de identidad
elevator
guest-house
half pension
facturer
déranger
remplir
donner sur
centre thermal
tente
réceptionniste
service de chambre
simple ou double?
chambre simple
voyage organisé
raison du séjour
bureau de la réception
ascenseur
maison d’hôtes
Demi-pension
Avez-vous réservé une
chambre?
chauffage
camp de vacances
auberge de jeunesse
hôtel
facture d’hôtel
je voudrais une chambre
pour 2 nuits
carte d’identité
addebitare
disturbare
completare
guardare su…
centro termale
tenda
vacanza a pacchetto
motivo della visita
ricezione
receptionist/chi riceve i
clienti in un albergo
servizio in camera
singola o doppia?
stanza singola
ha prenotato una stanza?
riscaldamento
campo vacanza
ostello
albergo
d’albergo
vorrei una stanza per due
notti
carta d’identità
ascensore
casa per ospiti
mezza pensione
lift
casă de oaspeţi
demi pensiune
opodatkowac
przeszkadzac
uzupełnić
wychodzić na(o oknie)
uzdrowisko
namiot
a
a
a
a
taxa, a pune la socoteală
deranja
completa
avea vedere spre…
staţiune balneo-climaterică
cort
recepcjonista
recepţioner
obsługa hotelowa
room service
w jedną stronę lub w dwie cu un pat sau două?
pokój jednoosobowy
cameră cu un pat
czy zarezerwowałeś pokój? aţi rezervat o cameră?
ogrzewanie
încălzire centrala
obóz
tabără de vacanţă
schronisko
hotel pentru tineri
hotel
hotel
rachunek hotelowy
notă de plată
aş dori o cameră pentru
chciałbym pokój na 2 noce. doua nopţi.
karta identyfikacyjna
carte de identitate
excursie organizată,cu
wypoczynek zorganizowany traseu fix
cel wizyty
scopul vizitei
recepcja
recepţie
winda
pensjonat
pensjonat
por favor firme.
5.Comidas y bebidas:
Restaurantes y comidas
Comidas:
desayuno
cena
comida
cena
Menú:
carne empanada
pastel
patatas fritas
patatas fritas
carne a la parrilla
jamón
perritos calientes
helado
puré de patatas
albóndigas
tortilla
pudín
carne asada
Restaurants & meal times
Meals:
breakfast
dinner
lunch
supper
Menu:
breaded Steak
cake
chips
fried potatoes
grilled meat
ham
hot dogs
ice-cream
mashed potatoes
meat balls
omelette
pudding
roast meat
estamos casi al completo
firmar a la entrada
firmar a la salida
dejar la habitación
to sign in
to sign out
to vacate
we are quite full at
present.
will you sign the register,
please?
5.Food and drinks:
Ristoranti e pasti
Pasti:
prima colazione
pasto principale
seconda colazione
cena
Lista:
carne impanata
torta
patatine
patate fritte
carne alla griglia impanata
prosciutto
semnaţi în registru, vărog!
5.Mâncare şi băuturi:
nu mai avem camere libere.
a se înregistra la venire
a pleca din hotel
a elibera camera
hot dogs
îngheţată
cartofi piure
chiftele
omletă
budincă
friptură
Restauracje i pory posiłków Restaurante şi mesele zilei
Posiłki:
Mesele zilei:
śniadanie
micul dejun
obiad
masa de seară, dineul
lancz
prânzul
kolacja
cina, supeul
Jadłospis:
Meniu:
smażny chleb, tost
şnitzel
ciasto
prajitură, tort
frytki
cartofi pai
smażone ziemniaki
cartofi prăjiţi
grilowane mięso
carne la grătar
szynka
şuncă
zameldować się w hotelu
wymeldować się
zwalniać
obecnie nie ma wolnych
miejsc
proszę podpisać się w
rejestrze meldunkowym
5.Jedzenie i napoje:
hot dogs
panino con wrustel e senapehot dogi
crème glacée
gelato
lody
purée de pommes de terre puré di patate
rozgniecione ziemniaki
boulettes de viande
polpette di carne
pulpety
omelette
omelette
omlet
dessert
budino/pasticcio
budyń
viande rôtie
carne arrosto
mięso smażone
Restaurants et repas
Repas:
petit déjeuner
diner
déjeuner
souper
Menu:
viande panée
gâteau
frites
frites
viande grillée
jambon
signer en arrivant
registrarsi all’arrivo
signer en partant
registrarsi alla partenza
quitter
liberare
Nous sommes complet pour siamo al completo per il
le moment.
momento
Pourriez-vous signer le
vuole firmare il registro,
registre s’il vous plaît?
per favore?
5.Nourriture et boissons: 5.Cibo e bevande:
ensalada
sopa
entrantes/entremeses
dulces
Menús y platos:
Plato
tenedor
vaso
cuchillo
servilleta
salero
platito
plato sopero
cuchara
mantel
cucharilla
bandeja
Productos lácteos:
mantequilla
queso
crema
leche
yougurt
Legumbres:
alubias
berza
pepino
remolacha
ajo
salad
soup
starters
sweets
Plates & dishes:
qinner plate
fork
glass
knife
napkin
salt-cellar
saucer
soup plate
spoon
table-cloth
teaspoon
tray
Dairy Products:
butter
cheese
cream
milk
yoghurt
Vegetables:
beans
cabbage
cucumber
egg plants
garlic
Produits laitiers:
beurre
fromage
crème
lait
yaourt
Légumes:
haricots
chou
concombre
aubergine
ail
salade
soupe
hors d’œuvre
dessert
Assiettes et plats:
assiette
fourchette
verre
couteau
serviette
salière
sous tasse
assiette creuse
cuillère
nappe
petite cuillère
plateau
Prodotti caseari:
burro
formaggio
panna
latte
yoghurt
Verdure:
fagioli
cavolo
cetriolo
melanzana
aglio
insalata
zuppa
primi piatti
dolci
Piatti & pietanze:
piatto
forchetta
bicchiere
coltello
tovagliolo
saliera
piattino
piatto fondo
cucchiaio
tovaglia
cucchiaino
vassoio
sałatka
zupa
przystawki
cukierki
Naczynia:
talerz obiadowy
widelec
szklanka
nóż
serwetka
solniczka
spodek
talerz do zupy
łyżka
obrus
łyzeczka do herbaty
taca
Produkty codziennego
użytku:
masło
ser
krem
mleko
jogurt
Warzywa:
fasolka
kapusta
ogórek
jajka
czosnek
Produse lactate:
unt
brânză
smântână
lapte
iaurt
Legume:
fasole
varză
castravete
vinete
usturoi
salată
supă
aperitive
dulciuri
Veselă:
farfurie intinsă
furculiţă
pahar
cuţit
şerveţel
solniţă
farfurioară
farfurie adâncă
lingură
faţa de masă
linguriţă
tavă
green peppers
hot peppers
lettuce
mushrooms
onion
peas
potatoes
tomatoes
Fruits:
apple
apricot
banana
grapefruit
grapes
lemon
orange
peach
pear
strawberry
water melon
Drinks:
beer
cappuccino
champagne
cocktail
cocoa
coffee
coke
decaff
juice
pimientos verdes
guindillas
lechuga
champiñones/setas
cebolla
guisantes
patatas fritas
tomates
Fruta:
manzana
albaricoque
plátano
pomelo
uvas
limón
naranja
melocotón
pera
fresa
sandía
Bebidas:
cerveza
capuchino
champán
cóctel
cacao
café
coca-cola
descafeinado
zumo
poivrons verts
piments
laitue
champignons
oignon
petits pois
pommes de terre
tomates
Fruits:
pomme
abricot
banane
pamplemousse
raisin
citron
orange
pêche
poire
fraise
pastèque
Boissons:
bière
cappuccino
Champagne
cocktail
cacao
café
coca cola
décaféiné
jus
peperoni verdi
peperoncino rosso
lattuga
funghi
cipolla
piselli
patate
pomodori
Frutta:
mela
albicocca
banana
pompelmo
uva
limone
arancia
pesca
pera
fragola
anguria
Bevande:
birra
cappuccino
champagne
cocktail
cacao
caffè
coca-cola
caffè decaffeinato
succo
zielone papryczki
ostre papryczki
sałata
grzyby
cebula
groch
ziemniaki
pomidory
Owoce:
jabłka
morela
banany
grejpfruit
winogrona
cytryna
pomarańcza
brzoskwinia
gruszka
truskawki
arbuz
Napoje:
piwo
capucino
szampan
koktail
kakao
kawa
kola
kawa bez kofeiny
sok
ardei graşi
ardei iuţi
salată verde
ciuperci
ceapă
mazăre
cartofi
roşii
Fructe:
măr
caisă
banană
grepfrut
strugure
lămâie
portocală
piersică
pară
căpşună
pepene verde
Băuturi:
bere
cappucino
şampanie
coctail
cacao
cafea
Cola
cafea fără cofeină
suc de fructe
fumeurs/non fumeurs
demander la note
réserver une table
commander
payer en espèces ou par
carte
plats locaux
serveur
serveuse
6.Monnaie:
compte
au bureau de change
banque
carte
distributeur
chèque
fumadores/no fumadores
pedir la cuenta
reservar una mesa
preguntar
pagar con tarjeta o en
efectivo
platos típicos
camarero
camarera
6.Moneda:
cuenta
mostrador de cambio
banco
tarjeta
cajero
cheque
to pay by cash or card
typical local dishes
waiter
waitress
6.Currency:
account
at the exchange desk
bank
card
cashpoint
cheque
menu à prix fixe
siège libre
table libre
plat principal
menú del día
asientos libres
mesa libre
plato principal
fixed priced menu
free seat
free table
main course
places for smokers/nonsmokers
to ask for the bill
to book a table
to order
limonade
lait
thé
eau
whisky
vin
Termes utiles:
note
entrée
limonada
leche
té
agua
whisky
vino
Términos Útiles:
cuenta
primer plato
lemonade
milk
tea
water
whisky
wine
Useful terms:
bill
first course
lemoniada
mleko
herbata
woda
whisky
wino
rachunek
pierwszy kurs
jadłospis o ustalonych
menu a prezzo fisso
cenach
posto libero
wolne miejsce
tavolo libero
wolny stolik
piatto principale
głowne danie
ambiente per fumatori/non miejsca dla palących/
fumatori
niepalących
chiedere il conto
zapytać o rachunek
prenotare un tavolo
zamówić stolik
ordinare
zamówić
pagare in contanti o con la
carta
zapłacic gotówka lub karta
piatti locali tipici
typowe danie
cameriere
kelner
cameriera
kelnerka
6.Moneta:
6.Waluta:
conto
rachunek
banco dei cambi
w kantorze
banca
bank
carta
karta
sportello automatico
bankomat
assegno
czek
limonata
latte
tè
acqua
whisky
vino
Termini utili:
conto
primi piatti
a plati cash sau cu cardul
mâncăruri traditionale
chelner
chelneriţă
6.Valută :
cont bancar
la biroul de schimb
bancă
card
economat
cec
meniu cu preţ fix
loc liber
masă liberă
felul principal
locuri pentru fumători/
nefumători
a cere nota de plată
a reţine o masă
a comanda
limonadă
lapte
ceai
apă
whisky
vin
Termeni utili:
nota de plată
felul întâi
coin
commission
currency exchange
foreign money/currency
form
note
rate of exchange
small change
7.Public places:
amusement park/fun fair
bar
botanical gardens
cathedral
church
cinema
circus
mall/shopping centre
monastery
monument
museum
park
skating rink
swimming-pool
theatre
university
zoo
8.Shopping:
bookshop
candy shop
cash-desk
moneda
comisión
cambio
moneda extranjera
formulario
billete
tasa de cambio
cambio
7.Lugares públicos:
parque de atracciones
bar
jardines botánicos
catedral
iglesia
cine
circo
centro comercial
monasterio
monumento
museo
parque
pista de patinaje
piscina
teatro
universidad
zoo
8.Compras:
librería
tienda de caramelos
caja
monnaie
commission
change
monnaie étrangère
formulaire
billet
taux de change
petite monnaie
7.Lieux publics:
parc d’attractions
bar
jardins botaniques
cathédrale
église
cinéma
cirque
centre commercial
monastère
monument
musée
parc
patinoire
piscine
théâtre
université
zoo
8.Courses:
librairie
confiserie
caisse
moneta
commissione
cambio valuta
valuta estera
modulo
banconota
tasso di cambio
moneta spicciola/spiccioli
7.Luoghi pubblici:
parco divertimenti
bar
giardino botanico
cattedrale
chiesa
cinema
circo
centro commerciale
monastero
monumento
museo
parco divertimenti
pista di pattinaggio
piscina
teatro
università
zoo
8.Fare spese:
libreria
negozio di dolciumi
cassa
moneta
zlecenie
wymiana alut
obcy pieniądz/waluta
forma
ocena
rata wymiany
reszta
7.Miejsca publiczne:
wesołe miasteczko
bar
ogrody botaniczne
katedra
kościół
kino
cyrk
centrum handlowe
klasztor
pomnik
muzeum
park
lodowisko
basen
teatr
uniwersytet
zoo
8.Zakupy:
ksiegarnia
sklep ze słodyczami
lada
monedă
comision
schimb valutar
valută
formular
bancnotă
curs de schimb
mărunţis
7.Locuri publice:
parc de distracţii
bar
gradina botanică
catedrală
biserică
cinema
circ
centru comercial
mănăstire
monument
muzeu
parc de distracţii
patinoar
piscină
teatru
universitate
gradina zoologică
8.La cumpărături:
librărie
cofetărie
casă
tooth-paste
trousers
pay at the cash-desk,
please.
show me a….,size….,
please.
Cosas que puedes comprar: Achats:
blusa
chemisier
cazadora
manteau
vestido
robe
grande, extenso
grand
perfume
parfum
zapatos
chaussures
jabón
savon
pulverizador
vaporisateur
pantis, medias
serré/moulant
muy largo
trop long
muy corto
trop court
cepillo de dientes
brosse à dents
pasta de dientes,
dentífrico
dentifrice
pantalones
pantalon
Payez à la caisse, s’il vous
pague en caja
plaît.
enséñeme una...talla...por Montrez-moi une … taille…,
favor.
s’il vous plaît.
Things to be bought:
blouse
coat
dress
large
perfume
shoes
soap
spray
tight
too long
too short
tooth-brush
pharmacien
couleur
client
grand magasin
cher
cadeau
disquaire
vendeur
souvenir
magasin de jouets
farmacia
color
cliente
grandes almacenes
caro
regalo
tienda de música
dependiente/a
recuerdo
juguetería
chemist’s
colour
customer
department store
expensive
gift/present
music shop
shop assistant
souvenir
toy-shop
dentifricio
pantaloni
paghi alla cassa per
favore.
mi mostri un…misura, per
favore.
Articoli:
camicia da donna
cappotto
vestito
grande
profumo
scarpe
sapone
spray
stretto
troppo lungo
troppo corto
spazzolino da denti
farmacia
colore
cliente
grande magazzino
costoso
regalo
negozio di articoli musicali
commessa
ricordo
negozio di giocattoli
pastă de dinţi
pantaloni
Lucruri de cumpărat:
bluză
sacou
rochie
larg
colonie
pantofi
săpun
spray
strâmt
prea lung
prea scurt
perie de dinţi
farmacie
culoare
client
magazin universal
scump
cadou
magazin de muzică
vânzător
cadou(amintire)
magazin de jucării
proszę zapłacić przy kasie. plătiţi la casa , vă rog.
proszę pokazać mi
arătaţi-mi o/un…marimea…
rozmiar..
,vă rog.
pasta do zębów
spodnie
Rzeczy które są kupowane:
bluza
płaszcz
sukienka
dużo
perfumy
buty
mydło
spray
rajstopy
za długie
za krótkie
szczotka do zębów
drogeria
kolor
klient
dom handlowy
drogo
prezent
sklep muzyczny
sprzedawca
pamiątka
sklep z zabawkami
pruebéselo
9.Diversión:
viajes en barco
castillo
películas
concierto
exposición
caminata
lugar histórico
montar a caballo
partido
monasterio
museo
opera
carrera
teatro
entrada
10.El tiempo:
horrible
ventisca
cielo despejado
nublado
frío
fresco
tiempo seco
bueno
niebla
calor
lluvioso
try this on.
9.Entertainment:
boat trips
castle
cinema-movies
concert
exhibition
hiking
historical site
horse riding
match
monastery
museum
opera
race
theatre
ticket
10.Weather:
awful
blizzard
clear sky
cloudy
cold
cool
dry weather
fine
foggy
hot
rainy
9.Divertissement:
voyages en bateau
château
films
concert
exposition
randonnée
site historique
monter à cheval
match
monastère
musée
opéra
course
théâtre
ticket
10.Climat:
horrible
blizzard
ciel clair
nuageux
froid
doux
temps sec
agréable
brumeux
torride
pluvieux
Essayez ceci.
9.Divertimento:
gite in barca
castello
film
concerto
mostra
arrampicarsi
ito storico
andare a cavallo
incontro
monastero
museo
opera
gara
teatro
biglietto
10.Tempo atmosferico:
tremendo
tormenta
cielo limpido
nuvoloso
freddo
fresco
tempo secco
bello
nebbioso
caldo
piovoso
misuri questo
9.Rozrywka:
wycieczka łódka
zamek
filmy
koncert
wystawa
wędrowanie
strona historyczna
jazda konno
mecz
klasztor
muzeum
opera
wyścig
teatr
bilet
10.Pogoda:
okropnie
zadymka
czyste niebo
pochmurnie
zimno
super
sucha pogoda
ładnie
mgliście
gorąco
deszczowy
przymierz to.
9.Distracţii în timpul liber:
plimbări cu barca
castel
cinema-filme
concert
expoziţie
drumeţii
localitate istorică
plimbări călare
meci
mănăstire
muzeu
operă
cursă
teatru
bilet
10.Vremea:
groaznic
viscol
cer senin
înnorat
frig
răcoare
vreme uscată
frumos
ceaţă
foarte cald
vreme de ploaie
probaţi aceasta.
Che cosa c’è che non va?
centru de prim-ajutor
calmant
reţetă
somnifer
Expresii folositoare:
Mi-e rău.
Tuşesc.
Îmi curge nasul.
Am o durere cumplită de
cap.
Am febră.
11.Îngrijiri medicale:
tensiune arterială
farmacie
stomatologie
dentist
doctor
urgenţe
de uz extern
extracţie
plombă
ninsoare
cald
umedă
cum e vremea?
Bate vântul.
Co się z tobą złego dzieje? Ce-i cu tine? Ce te supără?
Qu’est-ce qui ne va pas?
¿Qué le pasa?
What’s wrong with you?
nevoso/coperto di neve
śnieżny
caldo
ciepło
umido
mokro
che tempo fa?
jaka jest pogoda?
ventoso
wietrzny
11.Cure mediche/assistenza
medica:
11.Pomoc medyczna:
pressione arteriosa
mierzenie cisnienia
farmacia
apteka
studio dentistico
operacja stomatologiczna
dentista
dentysta
dottore
lekarz
emergenze
nagłe wypadki
uso esterno
do zewnętrznego uzytku
estrazione
wyrywanie
otturazione
plomba
centre de premiers secours centro di prima assistenza cenrtum pierwszej pomocy
analgésique
analgesico
środek uśmierzający ból
ordonnance
prescrizione
recepta
sommnifère
sonnifero
tabletka nasenna
Phrases utiles:
Frasi utili:
Uzyteczne wyrazy:
Je suis malade.
Sono ammalato.
Jestem chory.
Je tousse.
Ho la tosse.
Mam kaszel.
J’ai le nez qui coule.
Ho il naso che cola.
Mam katar.
J’ai un terrible mal de
tête.
Ho un terribile mal di testaStrasznie boli mnie głowa.
J’ai de la température.
Ho la febbre.
Mam gorączke.
11.Soins médicaux:
pression sanguine
pharmacien
cabinet dentaire
dentiste
docteur/médecin
urgences
usage externe
extraction
plombage
neigeux
chaud
humide
Quel temps fait-il?
venteux
centro de primeros auxilios
analgésico
receta
somnífero
Frases útiles:
Estoy enfermo
Tengo tos
Tengo mocos/catarro
Tengo un terrible dolor de
I have a terrible headache cabeza
I’ve got a temperature.
Tengo fiebre
11.Cuidados médicos:
presión arterial
farmacia
cirugía dental
dentista
doctor
urgencias
uso externo
extraccion
empaste
11.Medical care:
blood pressure
chemist’s
dental surgery
dentist
doctor
emergencies
external use
extraction
filling
first-aid centre
pain killer
prescription
sleeping tablet
Useful phrases:
I am sick.
I have a cough.
I have a running nose.
nevado
templado
mojado
¿qué tiempo hace?
viento
snowy
warm
wet
what’s the weather like?
windy