Georges Bank EPU - Maine Fishermen`s Forum

Andrew Applegate
NEFMC Staff
EBFM PDT Chair
Maine Fisherman’s Forum
March 5, 2016
Ecosystem Based Fishery
Management
Panacea or
quagmire?
Different meanings
to
different people?
What does it mean
to you?
Ecosystem Based Fishery Management
What does it mean to you?
Ecosystem Based Fishery Management
What does it mean to you?
Ecosystem Based Fishery Management
What does it mean to you?
Ecosystem Based Fishery Management
What does it mean to you?
EBFM Committee Meeting
July 31, 2014
Stakeholder perceptions of EBFM
Dr. Ingrid Biedron
http://s3.amazonaws.com/nefmc.org/1.-EBFM-PerspectivesBiedron.pdf
Considerable agreement about desirability of
developing EBFM approaches
Can be developed in current management framework
Concern about specifics
Concern about MSA impediments
EBFM Committee Meeting
July 31, 2014
Stakeholder perceptions of EBFM
EBFM Committee Meeting
July 31, 2014
Stakeholder perceptions of EBFM
Ecosystem Management
Classical definitions
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NOAA Fisheries Definition
EBFM Strategic Policy
A systematic approach
In a geographically specified area
That ensures resilience and sustainability of the
ecosystem
Recognizes the physical, biological, economic, and
social interactions
Among the affected components of the ecosystem,
including humans
NOAA Fisheries Definition
EBFM Strategic Policy
And seeks to optimize benefits among a diverse set
of societal goals
Considerations of interactions among fisheries,
protected species, aquaculture, habitats, and other
ecosystem components
Including the dependent human communities
Ecosystem services
Direct and
indirect
benefits to:
Commercial and
recreational
fishermen
Ocean users of
various sorts
Ocean dependent
communities
Ecosystem scope
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NEFMC Process
Don’t design solution without understanding the
problem
Phase I – decide on application
Phase II – develop example Fishery
Ecosytem Plan (eFEP)
Phase III – testing, verification, engage
public (scoping)
Phase IV – develop alternatives for final
FEP
Phase V – implement and make
adjustments
Phase I
Decide on process
April 2015: http://s3.amazonaws.com/nefmc.org/2.EBFM-procedure-discussion.pdf
Ecosystem Approach (EAFM) policy documents
Example Fishery Ecosystem Plan (eFEP)
Implemented Fishery Ecosystem Plan (iFEP)
Blended Fishery Ecosystem Plan (bFEP or Omnibus
Amendment)
EBFM/EAFM initiatives for other Councils and
Countries
Summary: http://www.nefmc.org/calendar/may-222014-ecosystems-based-fisheries-managementmeeting
Phase II
Develop Example Fishery Ecosystem
Plan (eFEP)
EBFM PDT technical lead
Progress report: Committee meeting in early April
Final report due at June Council meeting
Strategic Goals and Objectives
Goals – measurable outcomes, involve compromises
Objectives (methods to achieve goals)
FEP Components – management structure
Phase II
Fishery Ecosystem Plan Characteristics
Account for trophic interactions
Multispecies ecosystem models under development
Focus on Georges Bank ecosystem
Integrated ecosystem assessment
Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Characteristics
Account for trophic interactions
Multispecies ecosystem models under development
Focus on Georges Bank ecosystem
Integrated ecosystem assessment
‘Guild’ based catch limits (ACL)
Defines overfishing at ecosystem and guild level
Overfished/depleted – specific responses to reduce
risk to single species
Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Goals
Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Goals
Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Goals
Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Goals
Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Considerations
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Fishery Ecosystem Plan Goals
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Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Objectives
Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Objectives
Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Objectives
Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Objectives
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Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Characteristics
Place-based rather than species-based
Fishermen and other stakeholder interests more
focused
Common community interests
Localized effects
More flexibility to fish
More robust to variability and climate change
Allow for adaptive fishing practices
Georges Bank EPU
DRAFT Outline and subunits
Georges Bank EPU
‘Georges Bank’ haddock stock area
Georges Bank EPU
2014 bottom trawl, recreational cod (red), survey cod
(duck green) and haddock (grey) distributions
Georges Bank EPU
2009 bottom trawl
Georges Bank Alternative EPU
2009 bottom trawl
Georges Bank EPU
2014 midwater trawl distribution
Georges Bank EPU
2014 SAP trawl distribution
Georges Bank EPU
2014 scallop dredge distribution
Georges Bank EPU
2014 sink gillnet distribution
Georges Bank EPU
Spring harbor porpoise distribution (effort adjusted
observations)
Georges Bank EPU
Spring right whale distribution (effort adjusted
observations)
Georges Bank EPU
Spring humpback whale distribution (effort adjusted
observations)
Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Characteristics
Place-based rather than species-based
Management sub-units within an ecosystem
Lead management authority
Authorization to fish
Inter-Jurisdictional cooperation and coordination
NEFMC
MAFMC
ASMFC
Coastal states
Canada
HMS
Fishery Ecosystem Plan
Characteristics
Place-based technical measures
Management board
Functional species group catch allocations (based on
catch and survey distribution?)
Size limits
Possession limits
Gear and gear configuration (mesh)
Special management areas
Spawning, juvenile protection, habitat
Tools
Ecosystem assessment
Link: http://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/ecosys/
Changing distributions AND productivity
http://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/ecosys/spatial-analyses/
Trophic models
Stakeholder participation
Management strategy evaluation
Tools
Ecosystem assessment
Link: http://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/ecosys/
Tools
Trophic models
Account for primary productivity and predation effects
on managed species
Gut content observation and analysis -> estimate
consumption
Relative population size of predators
Censured models vs. holistic models
Climate-driven structural ecosystem changes
Tools
Stakeholder participation
Focus on EPU
Goal tradeoffs
Part of Phase III – scoping and validation
Management unit advisory boards in eFEP
Localized effects
Phase III
July 2016 to June 2017
eFEP Management Strategy Evaluation
Operational model defined by Phase II
Participation by fishermen and
interested parties
Evaluate tradeoffs and optimize
outcomes
Verification of model
Testing
Tools
Management strategy evaluation
Process to evaluate tradeoffs to meet competing goals
Requires involvement of commercial fishermen,
recreational fishermen, and other interests
Evaluate the effect of management rules and how they
adapt to new conditions
Performance measured against how well the
management rules and process meet the balance of
goals
Management Strategy Evaluation
Predictive, probabilistic outcomes
Risk
Maintain high diversity
Robustness/sustainability
Optimized decisionmaking
Phase IV
Fishery Ecosystem Plan Development
Phase III scoping
Develop management alternatives and
choose preferred
Draft FEP and analyze impacts
Public Hearings
Chose final alternatives
Phase V
Operate Fishery Ecosystem Plan (i.e.
regulations pertaining to EPU)
Amend plan as needed
Develop trophic models and FEPs for
other EPUs (e.g. Gulf of Maine,
Southern New England/Mid-Atlantic)
EBFM Committee Meeting
July 31, 2013
Climate Vulnerability Assessment
Dr. Jon Hare
Characterize vulnerability of managed species
Nationwide focus
Northeast region assessment almost finished
Results used to triage research, assessment, and
management
EBFM Committee Meeting
MAFMC Climate Science and
Governance Workshops
Rich Seagraves
Results to be released and published soon (after
meeting)
Climate Science Workshop
http://www.mafmc.org/workshop/2014/climate-changeand-fishery-science-workshop
Increasing variability in recruitment, growth, and
mortality
Stakeholders seeking greater stability
Bycatch and choke species becoming more
problematic
EBFM Committee Meeting
July 31, 2014
Ecosystem Status Indicators Reports
Andy Applegate & Dr. Mike Fogarty
PFMC report
NPFMC report
Australian report
Draft NE Shelf Ecosystem report
Summary/overview – 20 pages or so
Warning signs – thresholds, reference points,
action levels
Evaluation of “ecological integrity”
Recruitment effects
EBFM Committee Meeting
July 31, 2014
EBFM Terms of Reference for Stock
Assessments
Andy Applegate
Summary of ad hoc TORs from past assessments
Strawman to evaluate climate change and trophic
effects on stock productivity and forecasts
Informal NEFSC working group
May require change in SAW composition/review
Desire to work with NEFSC and NRCC