- MultiLingual

Transcription

- MultiLingual

ANNUAL
RESOURCE
DIRECTORY
ANNUAL
LLanguage | Technology
T chn l
| Busin
Business
EDITORIAL
INDEX 2012
Ten essential research
Àndings for 2013
Localization standards Reader
01CoverResourceDirectoryRD12.indd 1
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2-3 Elocalize/SDL #133a.indd 2
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About the MultiLingual 2013 Resource
Directory and Editorial Index 2012
Up Front
O
ur eleventh annual Index and Resource Directory showcases everything from
the nonprofits to the acronyms serving the globalization, internationalization,
localization and translation industry. Every year, we present current data on
language companies and services, and compile them into listings by category.
Whether you’re searching for a resource that can help you get started in the
localization business, whether you’re interested in continuing your linguistic education or
whether you’re looking for a tool vendor for your expanding internationalization needs,
the contacts listed here should provide a good starting place. The Resource Directory
containing all these line listings is marked by handy blue tabs in the outermost margins.
Rebecca Ray and David Filip contribute to this edition with market findings for 2013
and an alphabetical reader on localization standards, respectively. These articles are marked
with red tabs. It is worth mentioning that some of the terminology referenced in Filip’s
standards compilation is explained at greater length in the glossary that appears later in
the issue.
The annual Index, marked with gold tabs,
presents a list of authors, titles and topics and
even people mentioned in our news items,
arranged in a single alphabet. All of the references are taken from the pages of 2012’s
MultiLingual magazines.
Next, there’s the list of industry-related
acronyms and abbreviations, followed by the
terminology glossary. We add to these year by
year as new terms and concepts appear within
our magazine — or, as previously mentioned,
within the Resource Directory itself. An index
of advertisers appears at the end of the issue.
The issue is available for free download at
www.multilingual.com/resourceDirectory,
which contains live links to the articles listed
in the Index and to the companies listed in the
Resource Directory.
— The Staff of MultiLingual
www.multilingual.com
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2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 MultiLingual
5
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on the web at multilingual.com
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search is the answer! Want to see how many times your company has
been mentioned? Need to ¿nd that article on MT? Now you can.
If the site-wide search returns a large number of results, you may re¿ne it by
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| MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012
6-7 MLC/TOC #133a.indd 6
MultiLingual
2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012
Editor-in-Chief, Publisher: Donna Parrish
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Contents
n 2013 Resource Directory
Associations and Member Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Authoring Tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Automated Translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Blogs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Books & Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Conferences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Consulting Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Content Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Copywriting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Desktop Publishing Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Desktop Publishing Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Dictionaries, Grammar Checkers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
E-learning, Educational Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Education (degrees, certificate programs). . . . . . . . . . . 10
Enterprise Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Fonts & Operating Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Internationalization Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Internationalization Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Interpreting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Language Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Language Product Resellers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Localization Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Localization Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Marketing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Mobile Systems Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Multicultural Communications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Multilingual Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Multimedia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Nonprofit Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Optical Character Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Project Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Recruitment, Job Matching. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Research & Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Software Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Speech Technologies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Subtitling/Dubbing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Technical Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Terminology Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Training, Seminars & Workshops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Translation Management Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Translation Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Translation Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Voiceovers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Website Globalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Workflow Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
6-7 MLC/TOC #133a.indd 7
n
Editorial
36
findings for 2013
— Rebecca Ray
39
Localization standards Reader
— David Filip
n
Editorial Index 2012
44
Index: Issues 125-132
57
Acronyms & Abbreviations
59
Glossary
69
Advertisers
| 7
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ANNUAL
ResoURce
DiRectoRy
AssociAtions And member orgAnizAtions
American Foundation for Translation and Interpretation
www.afti.org
American Marketing Association
www.marketingpower.com
American Translators Association
www.atanet.org
Association for Machine Translation in the Americas
www.amtaweb.org
Association of Czech Translation Agencies (ACTA)
www.acta-cz.org
CALICO
https://calico.org
Carolina Association of Translators and Interpreters
www.catiweb.org
ECQA Certified Terminology Manager
www.termnet.org
See our ad on page 23
European Language Industry Association
Web: www.elia-association.org
E-mail: info@elia-association.org
Cubic Business Centre,
533 Stanningley Road, LS13 4EN Leeds,
United Kingdom
+39-345-830-7084
ELIA, the European Language Industry Association, brings together
translation, localization and interpreting companies that do business in
Europe. The association provides its members with tools and opportunities to improve their businesses, such as training and networking events,
resources for business development, and joint marketing efforts. Above all,
ELIA is a community of peers. It is a place for language companies to learn,
grow, socialize and share. Join us. Discover ELIA. Share the enthusiasm.
Global eLearning Community
TAPIT: Tennessee Association of Professional Interpreters
and Translators
www.tapit.org
TAUS
Web: www.translationautomation.com
E-mail: info@translationautomation.com
Oudeschans 85-III, 1011KW Amsterdam, The Netherlands
31-299-672028
TAUS is an innovation think tank and interoperability watchdog
for the translation industry. Our mission is to increase the size and
significance of the translation industry to help the world communicate better. To meet this ongoing goal, TAUS supports entrepreneurs
and principals in the translation industry to share and define new
strategies through a comprehensive range of events, publications and
knowledge tools.
Authoring tools
MadCap Software, Inc.
www.madcapsoftware.com
See our ads on pages 23, 34
AutomAted trAnslAtion
berns.language.consulting
www.berns-language-consulting.de
www.the-gec.org
Globalization and Localization Association
www.gala-global.org
Houston Interpreters and Translators Association (HITA)
www.hitagroup.org
International Association of Professional Translators
and Interpreters (IAPTI)
www.aipti.org
International Federation of Translators (FIT)
www.fit-ift.org
International Medical Interpreters Associationwww.imiaweb.org
Joint National Committee for Languages
www.languagepolicy.org
Mid-America Chapter of the American Translators Association
www.micata.org
New England Translators Association
www.netaweb.org
New Mexico Translators and Interpreters Association
www.cybermesa.com/~nmtia
Northern California Translators Association
http://ncta.org
Northwest Translators and Interpreters Societywww.notisnet.org
South African Translators’ Institute
8
www.translators.org.za
8-34 Resource Directory #133a.indd 8
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ANNUAL
ResoURce
DiRectoRy
AutomAted trAnslAtion cont.
conferences cont.
LinguaSys
ELIA Networking Days
Web: www.linguasys.com, E-mail: info@linguasys.net
3651 FAU Boulevard, Suite 400, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
561-755-7150, Fax: 561-908-6743
The Gilbane Group
www.gilbane.com
Intelligent Content
www.intelligentcontentconference.com
Linguistic Systems, Inc.
www.linguist.com
Lucy Software and Services
Web: www.lucysoftware.com
E-mail: info@lucysoftware.com
Daisbachtalstr. 7, D-74915 Waibstadt, Germany
+49-7261-949809-0
Lucy Software and Services GmbH is an independent company
offering translation technology and services. Lucy Software is recognized as a leading provider of machine translation technology
and for its unmatched expertise in the translation of custom-built
SAP applications (both from a technical and a translation perspective). Lucy’s core focus and strength lie in the diligent analysis and
understanding of the customers’ multilingual requirements and in the
translation of these needs into effective business solutions. The Lucy
team comprises seasoned IT and linguistic professionals with broad
international experience.
Meedan
http://meedan.net
Microsoft Translator
www.microsoft.com/translator
Moravia
www.moravia.com
Localization World, Ltd.
Sunda Systems Oy
www.sunda.fi
SYSTRAN
www.systransoft.com
memoQfest
www.memoqfest.org
Softletter
www.softletter.com
tcworld conference
www.tekom.de/conference
TM-Europe 2013
www.tm-europe.org
TMS Inspiration Days
www.tauyou.com
University of Copenhagen
http://cst.ku.dk
blogs
Byte Level Research
www.bytelevel.com
Comgenesis, LLC
www.comgenesis.com
Content Rules, Inc.
www.contentrules.com
www.daycommerce.com
Englobe Inc.
www.englobe.com
Fleury & Fleury Consultants
Syn-Tactic
Blogos
www.multilingualblog.com
TMServe
JoSTrans, The Journal of Specialised Translation
www.jostrans.org
Multilingual Matters
www.multilingual-matters.com
www.sharpertranslation.com
www.syn-tactic.com
www.tmserve.gr
Arabize
www.arabize.com
ClearPath, LLC
http://clearpath.cc
Kentico Software
www.kentico.com
The Level
www.thelevel.com
www.unicodeconference.org
www.e2conf.com/boston
www.vasont.com
coPywriting
37th Internationalization & Unicode Conference
www.nmtrans.com
Vasont Systems
conferences
E2
www.ilinative.org
content mAnAgement
www.thelanguagejournal.com
www.eastview.com
www.healthoutcomesgroup.com
New Market Translations
www.aboutranslation.com
East View Information Services
www.fleuryfleury.com
Indigenous Language Institute
Sharper Translation Services, Inc.
books & PublicAtions
www.thecontentwrangler.com
Day Commerce
About Translation
The Language Journal
www.inspirationdays.eu
consulting services
Health Outcomes Group
tauyou <language technology>
www.localizationworld.com
The Content Wrangler, Inc.
SDL Language Technologies
www.elia-association.org
Moravia
www.moravia.com
| 9
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ANNUAL
ResoURce
DiRectoRy
desktoP Publishing services
C&E Translation & Advertising Inc.
Digiworkers
www.cetrans.com
www.digiworkers.com
eLocalize
Web: www.elocalize.net
E-mail: info@elocalize.net
7 Mohi Eldin Abdel Hameed Street,
8th District, Nasr City, 11471 Cairo, Egypt
20-22-670-9641 x 111, Fax: 20-22-274-6042
We localize your life. With offices in Cairo, Dubai, Germany and Johannesburg, customers benefit from our experience in localizing into the languages
of our region. Services include high-quality translation, engineering, DTP for
all languages and product testing. We have successfully carried out localization projects for major software and mobile telephony companies; important
producers of electrical goods, training materials, e-learning courses as well as
other market sectors; and international organizations.
Folio TS
www.foliots.com
global dtp s.r.o.
educAtion (degrees, certificAte ProgrAms)
Your Job: Global
Communication
The Monterey Institute offers master’s degrees
in Translation, Interpretation and Localization
Management with programs in Chinese, French,
German, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian, and
Spanish, working into and out of English.
Non-degree short programs are also
offered for intensive skill building
for working professionals.
www.global-dtp.com
Graphilingua (UK) Ltd
www.graphilingua.com
Hornet Design Studio
www.hornetdesign.eu
Idiomas, LLC
www.foreignlanguagedtp.com
interlanguage s.r.l.
www.interlanguage.it
MWSDTP
http://mwsdtp.com
Seschat GmbH Typographie und Lokalisierung
www.seschat.de
desktoP Publishing tools
StarrTech
www.keyboardhelp.net
WebWorks
www.webworks.com
dictionAries, grAmmAr checkers
The CJK Dictionary Institute, Inc.
Lingvistica b.v.
www.cjk.org
http://nl.linkedin.com/in/lingvistica
Smart Communications, Inc.
www.smartny.com
TiP Sp. z o. o.
Ultralingua, Inc.
www.tip.net.pl
www.ultralingua.com
Be the Solution
®
e-leArning, educAtionAl softwAre
eLocalize
www.elocalize.net
See our ads on pages 2 and this page
eWorld Learning, Inc.
www.eworldlearning.com
Institute of Education — London University
Wenlin Institute
10
www.ioe.ac.uk
www.wenlin.com
go.miis.edu/translate
1/10/13 11:54 AM
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educAtion (degrees, certificAte
ProgrAms) cont.
enterPrise solutions cont.
Fluency, Inc.
www.gofluently.com
Kent State University — Institute for Applied Linguistics
http://appling.kent.edu
Language Industry Certification System — LICS
Web: www.lics-certification.org
E-mail: peter.jonas@as-plus.at
Austrian Standards plus GmbH, Heinestraße 38,
A-1020 Vienna, Austria
+43-1-213-00-413
LICS® stands for “Language Industry Certification System.” LICS®
is the world market leader for quality standards in the language industry, founded by AS+Certification (www.as-plus.at/certification.html), a
subsidiary of the Austrian Standards Institute, together with TermNet, the
International Network for Terminology (www.termnet.org). The aim of
LICS® is to offer the language industry globally uniform and thus recognizable certificates about the standards conformity of their services, based
on existing and future European and international standards.
Lessius University College/University of Leuven
STAR Services & Tools!
www.lessius.eu
Localisation Research Centre
www.localisation.ie
Monterey Institute of International Studies
University of Wisconsin-Madison
www.wisc.edu
University of Zurich, Institute of Computational Linguistics
www.mlta.uzh.ch
Wake Forest University
http://lrc.wfu.edu/certificates/index_2.html
enterPrise solutions
Across Systems
www.across.net
STAR – Your single-source partner
for corporate product communication
www.star-group.net
Empowering
Translation Budget Owners
The Language Technology Experts
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USA/Canada: 877.725.7070
Europe: +32(0) 2.213.00.20
| 11
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enterPrise solutions cont.
Kilgray Translation Technologies
http://kilgray.com
Kinetic.theTechnologyAgency
www.thetechnologyagency.com
LinguaSys
MultiCorpora
www.multicorpora.com
www.star-group.net
www.tilde.com
fonts & oPerAting systems
asiasoft.com
www.asiasoft.com
Fontlab Ltd.
www.fontlab.com
Linguist’s Software, Inc.
12
www.senbarila.com
Skandis Systems International, Inc.
www.skandissystems.com
VistaTEC
www.vistatec.com
internAtionAlizAtion tools
Kokusaika JP, Inc.
www.tiro.com
Global Languages/24
www.globallanguages24.com
www.kokusaika.jp
Language Industry Certification System — LICS
www.lics-certification.org
Net-Translators
www.net-translators.com
interPreting
www.linguistsoftware.com
Tiro Typeworks Ltd.
www.myhispano.com
Tilde
Hispano Language Advisory
senbarila GmbH
www.linguasys.com
STAR Group
internAtionAlizAtion services
ÁreaBroca
DPSI Online
www.areabroca.com
www.dpsionline.co.uk
1/10/13 11:54 AM
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interPreting cont.
Dr. Anja Rütten Conference Interpreting
locAlizAtion services cont.
http://sprachmanagement.net
Global Audio Visual
www.tryglobal.com
Global to Local Language Solutions LLC
ACP Traductera
Web: www.traductera.com, E-mail: info@traductera.com
Na Pikete 173/III, Jindrichuv Hradec 37701, Czech Republic
+420-384-361-300, Fax: +420-384-361-303
www.g2local.com
Johannes Tan, Indonesian Translator & Interpreter
www.indotransnet.com
ADA Translations TURKEY
ADAPT Localization Services
www.ada-turkey.com
www.adapt-localization.com
See our ad on this page
Langmanager
www.langmanager.com
Language Empire
Le French Link
www.language-empire.com
www.lefrenchlink.com
Lexika s.r.o.
www.lexika.sk
Macrointer Limited
Telelanguage
http://dtc24.56.com
www.telelanguage.com
World Interpreting, Inc.
www.worldinterpreting.com
lAnguAge leArning
Braser Soft
www.braser.com
Cambridge University Press
www.cambridge.org/elt
Cheng & Tsui Company
www.cheng-tsui.com
don Quijote
www.donquijote.org
International Book Centre, Inc.
Afghan Translation Service
www.afghantranslation.com
Albaglobal Ltd
www.albaglobal.com
All Localized
www.alllocalized.com
Alliance Localization China
Web: www.allocalization.com
E-mail: customer_care@allocalization.com
Suite 526, Building B,
No. 10 Xing Huo Road, Fengtai Science Park, 100070 Beijing, PR China
10-8368-2169, Fax: 10-8368-2884
ALC offers document, website and software translation and localization,
desktop publishing and interpreter services. We focus on English, German and
other European languages to and from Chinese, Japanese, Korean and other
Asian languages. We use TRADOS, CATALYST, SDLX, Transit, Wordfast,
memoQ and other CAT tools, as well as DTP tools including CorelDRAW,
FrameMaker, FreeHand, Illustrator, InDesign, PageMaker, Photoshop and
QuarkXPress. Our customer-oriented approach is supported by strong project management, a team of specialists, a large knowledge base and advanced
methodologies. We always provide service beyond our customers’ expectations
at a low cost and with high quality, speed, dependability and flexibility.
Alt plus, Innovative Language Services
www.altplus.si
www.galilei.it
LingleOnline Ltd
www.lingleonline.com
Lingualearn Ltd
www.lingualearn.co.uk
Speak Languages!
www.adaptiveglobalization.com
www.ibcbooks.com
Istituto Galilei
Quick-n-EZ Language, Inc.
Adaptive Globalization Ltd
www.quick-n-ez.com
www.speaklanguages.co.uk
University of Surrey, School of English and Languages
www.surrey.ac.uk
University of Westminster
Written language guide
www.westminster.ac.uk
www.listlanguage.com
lAnguAge Product resellers
World Language Resources, Inc.
www.worldlanguage.com
World of Reading, Ltd.
www.wor.com
locAlizAtion services
A2Z Global Language Solutions
www.a2zglobal.com
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ANNUAL
ResoURce
DiRectoRy
Ando Translations
www.ando.cz
Arancho Doc
www.aranchodoc.com
Argos Translations
Arabize
Web: www.arabize.com
E-mail: cu@arabize.com
22 Anwar El Mofty St., Tiba 2000 Admin. Bldg., Rabaa Al Adawya,
Nasr City, 11371 Cairo, Egypt, +202-24055192, Fax: +202-24055191
Arabize was founded in 1994 in Cairo, Egypt, to be one of the pioneering content and localization companies in the region. Our offices in Cairo,
Alexandria, Saudi Arabia and Switzerland now host over 95 highly skilled
employees. Following the most internationally acknowledged quality standards, Arabize provides professional localization and translation-related
services, as well as content development, content management and testing
services in Arabic, English and German. Arabize is ISO 9001:2008 certified,
EN 15038:2006 certified, and an SAP Language Services Partner and hires
more than 15 in-house CLPs. Arabize is a member of the ASAP Globalizers
consortium of companies.
www.argostranslations.com
Aspena
www.aspena.com
ASSERTIO
www.assertio.es
BayanTech
www.bayan-tech.com
Bodeux International LLC
www.bodeuxinternational.com
Braahmam Net Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
www.braahmam.net
C-DAC GIST
www.cdac.in/gist
Ccaps Translation and Localization
www.ccaps.net
CEET Ltd.
www.ceet.eu
Clear Words Translations
Web: www.clearwordstranslations.com
E-mail: info@clearwordstranslations.com
Tránsito Cáceres de Allende 448, 14 C, Córdoba, Argentina
54-351-4254487, Fax: 54-351-4254487
CodeXchange
HIGHER
S TA N D A R D S
 Client-centric business
orientation
 Focus on Central and Eastern
European languages
 16 years in the translation
and localization market
 5 branches in 2 countries
(Czech Republic and
Slovakia)
 Network of strategic partners
across Central and Eastern
Europe
 Worldwide client portfolio
 Comprehensive one-stop
localization service
 Multimedia/Voice-over
localization
 ISO 9001 and EN 15038
certified
localization@aspena.com
www.aspena.com
14
Commit
Continuum
http://cxc.com.tw
www.commit.gr
www.continuum.hr
Crestec Europe B.V.
Web: www.crestec.eu
E-mail: sales@crestec.nl
Teleportboulevard 110, 1043 EJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
+31-(0)20-58-54-640, Fax: +31-(0)20-58-54-646
With almost 30 years of experience, the Crestec Group has developed
into a major market leader in technical documentation. Our worldwide
network of more than 20 offices spread all over Japan and Asia, Europe and
the US enables us to deliver translation and documentation services in 70+
languages in any possible format and in a wide range of subject areas: automotive, medical, consumer electronics and so on. We also offer software
localization, DTP and printing fulfillment services. As the main European
office within the Crestec Group, Crestec Europe specializes in document
engineering. Whatever your needs are, we have the solution for you!
diaLOC, S.L.
www.dialoc.com
Diskusija
Web: www.diskusija.lt
E-mail: diskusija@diskusija.lt
Mindaugo g. 23A-73, office 8, LT-03231 Vilnius, Lithuania
+370-5-2790-574, Fax: +370-5-2790-576
Founded in 1993, Diskusija specializes in technical translation and
localization services from Western European languages into all Central,
Eastern and Southeastern European languages with a strong focus on
Baltic languages (Lithuanian, Latvian, Estonian). Our experienced team is
able to handle projects of any complexity. We guarantee a professional and
personal approach to our clients’ needs, the use of state-of-the-art industrial technology, quality management at all stages of a project, on-time
delivery, competitive rates and flexibility. We have extensive expertise in the
following industries: IT, software, hardware, telecommunications, medical equipment, medicine, pharmacology, accounting, finance, automotive
industry, electronics, legislation and EU documents.
e-Arabization
www.e-arabization.com
1/10/13 11:54 AM
ANNUAL
ResoURce
DiRectoRy
E-Global
www.eglobaltrans.com
E4NET Co., Ltd.
Web: www.e4net.net
E-mail: L10N@e4net.net
2nd FL. Gamevil Building, 1426-1, Seocho-gu, Seocho-dong
137-864 Seoul, Republic of Korea
82-2-3465-8500, Fax: 82-2-3465-8501
E4NET is a language service provider that specializes in supplying
Korean, Japanese, S-Chinese, T-Chinese, Thai, Malay, Vietnamese and
Indonesian. Established in 1995, E4NET has successfully accomplished
many major projects for customers — such as IBM, Microsoft, HewlettPackard, LG Electronics, Google, Oracle, Dell, 3Com, Sony, BEA Systems
— based on accumulated experience and know-how. We specialize in
the fields of IT such as ERP/CRM/DBMS, consumer software, hardware/
equipment, OS, server application, management, multimedia and so on.
E4NET can provide all types of localization works, including the full scope
of software testing services in Windows, Macintosh, Linux and Unix, and
DTP services as well as audio recording and video translation services.
EC Innovations, Inc.
www.ecinnovations.com
Elanex, Inc.
Web: www.elanex.com, E-mail: info@elanex.com
101 California Street, Suite 2710,
San Francisco, CA 94111, USA,
415-475-7450, Fax: 415-276-3195
Elanex is a technology-enabled global language services company
designed to consistently and efficiently deliver translation for the most
demanding requirements. A top 75 global firm, Elanex provides professional
services to the financial, high technology, legal, manufacturing, retail, travel
and gaming sectors. The Elanex Difference is a result of a comprehensive
technology platform connecting specialist translators and subject matter
expert editors with a global production team to deliver 24x7 services – in
any language, any format, anywhere, anytime. Elanex is a proud platinum
sponsor of Translators without Borders. Need professional translation now?
Try expressIt – Expert Translation Incredibly Fast: www.expressitnow.com.
ELEKS
www.eleks.com
eLocalize
www.elocalize.net
ENLASO Corporation
www.enlaso.com
Eriksen Translations Inc.
Get social with MultiLingual
@multilingualmag
/multilingualmagazine
gplus.to/multilingualmagazine
www.eriksen.com
ES Ltd.
www.estr.com
espell translation and localization ltd.
EuroGreek Translations Limited
Euro Translations
www.espell.com
www.eurogreek.com
www.eurotranslations.it
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Software localisation.
Web site localisation.
Technical and general translation.
Interpreting.
Third-party translation review.
Style guide creation.
Desktop publishing.
Linguistic advisory.
Terminology and document management.
Technical writing.
Multimedia translation.
Web site design, development and internationalisation.
Linguistic, typographic and style revision and review.
Video and audio tape transcription,
including studio dubbing and voice-over.
+ Training on translation and localisation.
TRADUCCIONES Y SERVICIOS LINGÜÍSTICOS
Founded in 1991
Cólquide, 6, portal 2 - 3.º I,
Edificio Prisma, 28230 Las Rozas,
Madrid - SPAIN.
Phone: (+34) 91 640 7640
Email: hermestr@hermestrans.com www.hermestrans.com
Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía
Juan López Peñalver, 17, 3.º, ofic. 6
Edificio Centro de Empresas 29590
Campanillas, Málaga - SPAIN
Phone: (+34) 952 020 525
| 15
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ResoURce
DiRectoRy
HighTech Passport
exe, spol. s r. o.
Web: http://localization.exe.sk
E-mail: localization@exe.sk
Slávičie údolie 6, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
+421-2-67-296-111, Fax: +421-2-67-296-666
exe has been providing a full range of language services through its
localization department for over 20 years. exe specializes in Central and
Eastern European (CEE) languages. exe has established a smoothly running localization and translation engine through long-term relationships
with its CEE partners. exe focuses on clients for whom high-quality services
are essential. exe’s localization and translation portfolio covers IT, technical, medical, governmental, business, financial and other areas. Microsoft,
Hewlett-Packard and the European Commission are among the clients that
depend on exe’s accuracy and cost-effectiveness. exe is an ISO 9001:2008
and 15038-certified language services provider.
Web: www.htpassport.com, E-mail: info@htpassport.com
1590 Oakland Road., Ste B202,
San Jose, CA 95131, USA
408-453-6303, Fax: 408-453-9434
For over 17 years, HighTech Passport has been consistently providing
the medical and IT industries with cost-effective, customized language
solutions. Long-term partnerships with our clients and a solid track record
validate our commitment to linguistic and technical excellence. Our project
managers, engineers, DTP specialists and specialized in-country linguists
believe that every project — from internationalization to full product
localization, linguistic and functional testing, and release engineering — is
unique and deserves customized processes and service. We will continue to
dedicate our expertise, creativity and resources to confer local character to
leading global products in the 60 languages we currently support.
hiSoft Technology International Ltd.
ExeQuo
Eyron Ltd.
EzGlōbe
www.exequo.com
www.eyron.com
www.ezglobe.com
FLE SHANGHAI CO., LTD.
www.fle.com.cn
Gamax Kft.
www.gamax.hu
Globalization Group, Inc.
GLTJobs.com
Glyph Language Services
GOLocalization
HCR-Informatica e Traducoes, Lda.
www.globalization-group.com
www.gltjobs.com
www.glyphservices.com
www.golocalization.com
www.hcr.pt
Hermes Traducciones y Servicios Lingüísticos, S.L.
16
www.hermestrans.com
www.hisoft.com
Honyaku Center Inc.
Web: www.honyakuctr.com
E-mail: localize@honyakuctr.co.jp
6F, 2-4-1 Higashi Shinbashi, Minato-ku, 105-0021 Tokyo, Japan
+81-3-6403-9588, Fax: +81-3-6403-9033
Honyaku Center is Japan’s translation industry leader and the largest
translation company in Asia, with over 25 years of experience providing
specialized technical translation services in the life sciences, patent, industry,
finance and legal fields. Our specialized services cover virtually all text types,
including IT and software, e-learning, games, websites, technical and user
manuals, along with our core languages of Japanese, Chinese and Korean.
From translation through to DTP and printing, Honyaku Center has the
large scale project management capabilities, specialized resources, experience and expertise to handle all your translation and localization needs!
HT Localization
www.htlocalization.com
Human Science Co., Ltd.
www.science.co.jp
iCentech Limited
www.icentech.com
IcoText
http://icotext.com
Ideas Translated
www.ideastranslated.com
1/10/13 11:54 AM
ANNUAL
ResoURce
DiRectoRy
INTERCHALLENGE
International Translate, LLC
Interpro Translation Solutions, Inc.
Intertranslations Ltd.
www.interchallenge.com
Keywords Italia Srl
www.internationaltranslate.com
Language Automation, Inc.
www.interproinc.com
Language Translation, Inc.
www.intertranslations.gr
IOLAR
LEXMAN
ISIS Korea Inc.
Localize.pl
iSP
www.isp.nl
ITI Ltd.
http://iti.ru
Janus Worldwide Inc.
www.janusww.com
Julia Figueroa
Kevrenn International
www.lexman.biz
Lingmaster
www.lingmaster.com
Lingo Soft
www.lingo-soft.com
Lingotek
www.lingotek.com
LinguaGraphics, Inc.
www.linguagraphics.com
Lingua IT International
www.linguait.com
Linguistic Centre®
www.lingvo.lviv.ua
Loc.PRO
www.loc.pro
www.localization.pl
Localsoft, S.L.
www.localsoft.com
LocPlanet
www.locplanet.co.kr
Logrus International Corporation
www.logrus.ru
LTES Ltd
Jensen Localization
www.lai.com
Web: www.languagetranslation.com, E-mail: info@languagetranslation.com
4379 30th Street, Suite 7, San Diego, CA 92104, USA
619-516-4037, Toll-free: 800-655-3397, Fax: 619-516-4089
Web: www.iolar.com
E-mail: sales@iolar.com
Parmova 51, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
+386-1-4759-580, Fax: +386-1-4759-588
IOLAR, an international high-tech localization and translation
company, has been providing customers with complex documentation
translations (IT, telecommunication, medical, automotive, engineering, marketing, financial and legal) and software localization since 1991.
Besides standard localization and testing projects, IOLAR also provides
audio and video media content localization. IOLAR specializes in South
East European languages — Albanian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian,
Macedonian, Montenegrin, Romanian, Serbian, Slovenian and Turkish.
By achieving the EN 15038 certification, IOLAR demonstrates its commitment to high-quality services. Its competitive advantage is the fact that
IOLAR manages its services in-house, namely in the offices in Slovenia
(Ljubljana and Maribor), Croatia (Zagreb) and Serbia (Belgrade).
www.isiskorea.com
www.keywordsintl.com
www.jensen-localization.com
www.ltes-global.com
MAGIT Sp. z o.o.
www.translations.magit.pl
www.juliafigueroa.com
www.kevrenn.com
MediLingua Medical Translations B.V.
www.medilingua.com
Translation & Localization
Your German Language
Specialist
ding
Outstan ion
at
Localiz
I translation and localization
I proofreading
I company-speciﬁc glossaries
I post-editing services
I project management
I desktop publishing
Cologne, Germany
Tel +49(0)221 801 928-0
www.rheinschrift.de
| 17
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ANNUAL
RESOURCE
DIRECTORY
Localization Services cont.
Milengo
www.milengo.com
Moli Crossland
http://molicrossland.com
Moravia
Omniage Ltd.
http://omniage.com
One Planet
www.one-planet.net
ORCO S.A.
Web: www.moravia.com
E-mail: info@moravia.com
810 Lawrence Drive, Suite 210
Newbury Park, CA 91320, USA, 805-262-0055, Fax: 805-375-8292
Moravia is a leading globalization solution provider, enabling companies
in the information technology, e-learning, life sciences, consumer electronics
and telecommunications industries to enter global markets with high-quality
multilingual products. Moravia’s solutions include localization, product testing,
multilingual publishing, technical translation, content creation, machine translation and workflow consulting. Adobe®, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle and Toshiba are
among some of the leading companies that depend on Moravia for accurate,
on-time and economical localization. With global headquarters in Brno, Czech
Republic, Moravia has local offices in Europe, the United States, Japan, China
and Latin America. To learn more, please visit us at www.moravia.com.
Multilize
www.multilize.com
Narcis Lozano
www.narcislozano.com
Net-Translators
Web: www.orco.gr
E-mail: info@orco.gr
6, Vas. Sofias Avenue, 106 74 Athens, Greece
+30-210-7236001, Fax: +30-210-7249124
Founded in 1983, ORCO is celebrating its 30th anniversary! A leading
translation and localization service provider, the company specializes in software localization and technical translation (IT, telecommunications, medical,
automotive, engineering, marketing, financial, EU). ORCO deals primarily with
English-into-Greek projects, although translation from several other European
languages can be taken aboard. With its experienced in-house personnel, ORCO
offers high-quality services including localization, product testing, engineering,
DTP and so on. Our client list includes long-term collaborations with companies
such as Abbott, Canon, Cummins, Ford, General Electric, Google, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, Sony and some important international institutions such as the EU
(CDT, European Parliament) and UN (UNHCR).
Osborne Solutions
Pactera Technology International Ltd.
Palex Group Inc.
NewTEQ Information Services Corporationwww.newteq.com.tw
Partnertrans
Nuna Localization
PassWord Europe
www.nuna.com.tr
Anzeige_121207:Layout
Ocean
Translations
1
13.12.2012
12:01 Seite 1
www.oceantranslations.com
Seschat
Typographie
Lokalisierung
Automated Photoshop®
and Flash® file localization
from Photoshop and Flash
files into XLIFF
∩ Automatically import localized
text back into Photoshop® and
Flash® files
Full Service
Localization
®
∩ Multimedia Windows, OS X
localization and integration
∩ Translation in 20+ languages
∩ Linguistic review and
content check
∩ Engineering
∩ Desktop Publishing
www.palexgroup.com
www.partnertrans.com
Web: www.password-europe.com
E-mail: info@password-eu.com
51 rue Sainte Anne, 75002 Paris, France
+33-1-42-86-87-13, Fax: +33-1-42-86-04-51
Since 1993, PassWord Europe has been working with the world’s leading information and communications technology companies, offering
them world-class expertise in localization and translation, project management, translation assets technology, multilingual desktop publishing
and graphic design. With highly qualified human resources, integrated
processes and technical capabilities, we provide solutions to all needs, for
contents such as software, documentation, communications, marketing
and sales. Professionals — our human capital — constantly leverage their
know-how to ensure high-quality, proactive, timely service at every process
step. At PassWord Europe, quality is at the heart of processes and workflows throughout the project life cycle: quality — efficiency — proactivity.
Web: www.paulo-jose.com, E-mail: info@paulo-jose.com
Rua Casal de São Vicente, 7, 1º Dto, 2700-170 Amadora, Portugal
+351-214942548, Fax: +351-211454296
Real Idea Ltd.
www.realidea.com
Rheinschrift Übersetzungen, Ursula Steigerwald
See our ad on page 17www.rheinschrift.de
Rosario Traducciones y Servicios S.A.
RoundTable Studio, Inc.
www.rosariotrad.com.ar
www.roundtableinc.net
RS_Globalization Services GmbH & Co. KGwww.rs-globalization.com
Ryszard Jarża Translations
www.jarza.pl
SALT Group
www.seschat.com ∩ info@seschat.com ∩ Munich area, Germany
18
www.pactera.com
Paulo José
∩ Automatically export text
®
www.osborne-solutions.com
Saltlux Inc.
| MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 www.saltgroup.net
www.saltlux.com
ANNUAL
ResoURce
DiRectoRy
Saudisoft Co. Ltd
Shunra Media, Inc.
Skrivanek
www.saudisoft.com
http://hebrew.shunra.net
www.skrivanek.com
SLS Translation
SOFT-TRANS Bt.
ST Communications
STEP.IN. S.r.l.
Studio Gambit Sp. z o.o.
www.soft-trans.hu
Teknik Translation Agency
www.tekniktranslation.com
TeXT idiomas
The Kitchen, a TM Systems Company
www.txl.co.il
www.text-idiomas.com
www.thekitchen.tv
www.stcommunications.com
www.step-in.it
www.stgambit.com
The Name Technology Sdn. Bhd.
Thebigtrust
TLT Documents ApS
www.synergium.eu
Synergy Recruit Limited
www.technolex-translations.com
Texel Localization
www.slstranslation.com
Synergium
Technolex Translation Studio
www.synergyrecruit.com
TOIN Corporation
Tradnologies
www.tntsb.com
www.thebigtrust.com
www.tlt.dk
www.to-in.com
www.tradnologies.com
Adapting to a small and constantly connected world - from
Social Gaming to Life Sciences, Digital Marketing to
Hardware Safety Notices, Green Energy to IT Infrastructure
- VistaTEC brings cost efective solutions to your evolving
localization needs.
For more information, contact us at info@vistatec.com (c) 2013 VistaTEC
Localization Evolved
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ResoURce
DiRectoRy
transcript GmbH & Co. KG
www.transcript.de
TransGlobe International
www.transglobe-bg.com
Translated in Argentina
www.translated-in-argentina.com
Translation Back Office
www.translationbackoffice.com
Treeloc SL
www.treeloc.com
Ushuaia Solutions
www.ushuaiasolutions.com
Venga Localization
www.vengacorp.com
VistaTEC
www.vistatec.com
VNLOCTRA Language Technology Company Limited
www.vnloctra.com
WhP
locAlizAtion tools cont.
Web: www.translationzone.com
E-mail: info@sdllangtech.com
Globe House, Clivemont Road,
SL6 7DY, Maidenhead, United Kingdom, +44-1628-417227
SDL Language Technologies is the leading provider of translation
software to the translation industry. Its product portfolio includes the
market-leading translation tool SDL Trados Studio 2011, offering a complete
translation environment including translation memory, terminology and
powerful project management features. Recognized globally as the world
leading desktop software for the translation industry, it is the preferred
computer-assisted translation tool of government, enterprise, language service
providers and freelance translators. With support for the largest number of file
formats, an open API and growing app market place, Studio 2011 is the right
choice for professionals serious about the business of translation.
Sharmahd Computing, Inc.
Sisulizer Ltd & Co KG
www.winandwinnow.com
Wise-Concetti Ltd.
www.vnlocalize.com
Wordlab Translation & Localisation Services, SL
www.wordlabtranslations.com
www.sisulizer.com
Welocalize
www.welocalize.com
mArketing
www.whp.net
Win & Winnow Communications
Content Marketing Institute
Latin-data
Web: www.wordpilots.com
E-mail: info@wordpilots.com
Bogøvej 15, 8382 Hinnerup, Denmark, +45-86-60-00-70
WordPilots is a Danish localization agency focusing on localization
and LQAs. Our in-house team of pilots has many years of experience in
the localization industry, and our great interest in language and communications as well as our passion for high linguistic quality form the
cornerstones of WordPilots. We can assist you with reviews, third-party
LQAs, localization, post-editing, terminology management, language
validation, technical writing, copywriting, as well as language and cultural
consultancy. We cover various fields of expertise: IT (UA and UI), telecommunication, marketing/copy/transcreation, e-learning, tourism, automotive, energy and life science.
Xlated Ltd.
Websites for Translators
www.contentmarketinginstitute.com
www.latin-data.com
Same Day Translations LLC
UBM Tech
WordPilots
www.sharmahd.com
www.samedt.com
http://tech.ubm.com
http://websitesfortranslators.co.uk/webdesign
www.xlated.com
Yamagata (Singapore) Pte Ltd
www.yamagatasingapore.com
locAlizAtion tools
AIT GmbH & Co. KG
www.visual-localize.com
Alchemy Software Development Ltd.
www.alchemysoftware.ie
http://kilgray.com
Lingobit Technologies
Multilizer
Resource Localizer
Schaudin.com
20
www.lingobit.com
www.multilizer.com
www.rclocalizer.tk
www.schaudin.com
1/10/13 11:54 AM
ANNUAL
ResoURce
DiRectoRy
mobile systems technologies
eLocalize
www.elocalize.net
multimediA cont.
nonProfit orgAnizAtions
multiculturAl communicAtions
Comprehensive Language Services, Inc.
DDR Global, LLC
www.clscorp.com
www.ddrglobal.com
eLocalize
www.elocalize.net
Web: www.therosettafoundation.org
E-mail: info@therosettafoundation.org
Unit 13 Classon House, Dundrum Business Park,
Dublin 14, Ireland, +353-(01)-443-4546
www.globalpropaganda.com
www.jfamarkets.com
TermNet — International Network for Terminology
www.fitispos.com.es
GeaCom, Inc.
www.myphrazer.com
Global Propaganda
The Rosetta Foundation
The Rosetta Foundation supports the not-for-profit activities of the
localization and translation communities. It works internationally with
those who want to provide equal access to information across languages,
independent of economic or market considerations, including localization
and translation companies, technology developers, not-for-profit and
nongovernmental organizations.
FITISPos Group
JFA, Inc.
Mother Tongue Writers
www.mothertongue.com/us
TripleInk
Web: www.tripleink.com
E-mail: info@tripleink.com
60 South 6th Street, Suite 2800, Minneapolis, MN 55402, USA
612-342-9800, Toll-free: 1-800-632-1388, Fax: 1-612-342-9700
TripleInk is a multilingual marketing communications agency that provides business-to-business and consumer products companies with precise
translation, transcreation and multilingual production services for audiovisual, interactive and print media. From advertising and website globalization
to technical documentation, we offer integrated marketing communication
solutions in all major world languages. Our Six Degrees of Transcreation®
approach to marketing communications enables our international team to
make client brands relevant, anywhere on earth. And our proven quality management system combined with state-of-the-art technology resources provides
us with the practical tools to deliver the comprehensive language services
needed to meet our clients’ global business objectives.
VIA
www.viadelivers.com
multilinguAl softwAre
Language Engineering Company
Natlanco
http://nisus.com
PetaMem
Translators without Borders
Web: www.translatorswithoutborders.com
E-mail: twb@translatorswithoutborders.org
Passage du Cheval Blanc, 2 rue de la Roquette,
75011 Paris, France
33-1-55-28-88-09, Fax: 33-1-55-28-88-09
Translators without Borders is an independent-registered nonprofit
association based in France that assists nongovernmental organizations
(NGOs) by providing free, professional translations. Founded by Lexcelera
in 1993, Translators without Borders has provided over two million dollars
worth of free translations. Thanks to the funds saved, NGOs are able to
extend their humanitarian work.
Upper Midwest Translators and Interpreters Association
Nisus Software, Inc.
Web: www.termnet.org
E-mail: termnet@termnet.org
Mooslackengasse 17, V 1190 Vienna, Austria
+43-1-23060-3965, Fax: +43-1-23060-3966
TermNet is an international cooperation forum for companies, universities, institutions and associations that engage in the further development of the global terminology market. The products and services of this
market are considered and promoted by TermNet as integral and quality
assuring parts of any product and service in the areas of information and
communication; classification and categorization; and translation and
localization.
www.umtia.org
www.lec.com
www.natlantech.com
Net-Translators
oPticAl chArActer recognition
AramediA
www.aramedia.com
Penpower Inc.
www.penpowerinc.com
Project mAnAgement
www.petamem.com
Tavultesoft Pty Ltd
www.tavultesoft.com
Active Translators S.R.L.
TwinBridge Software Corporation
www.twinbridge.com
Jovosoft
multimediA
eLocalize
www.elocalize.net
nepomedia GmbH
www.nepomedia.de
www.active-translators.com
www.jovo-soft.de
LocalVersion
www.seschat.de
www.localversion.com
recruitment, job mAtching
Anzu Global
www.anzuglobal.com
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recruitment, job mAtching cont.
CareerLingual
http://careerlingual.com
Larsen Globalization
www.larseng11n.com
ProZ.com
www.proz.com
ResourceWell
www.resourcewell.net
TEP4U
http://tep4u.com
TranslationDirectory.com
Mayflower Language Services
www.translatorstown.com
Translatorsbase.com
www.translatorsbase.com
reseArch & AnAlysis
www.moravia.com
Net-Translators
Payment Practices
www.paymentpractices.net
uTest
www.utest.com
sPeech technologies
Linguatec Language Technologies
www.linguatec.net
subtitling/dubbing
www.media-movers.com
Binari Sonori S.r.l.
www.binarisonori.com
ComTranslations
resources
European Language Resources Association
Al Media Movers, Inc.
www.commonsenseadvisory.com
www.mayflowerlanguages.com
Moravia
www.translationdirectory.com
Translators Town
Common Sense Advisory
softwAre testing
www.comtranslations.com
technicAl writing
www.elra.info
Adobe Systems
www.adobe.com/go/tcs
SOLUTiONS
OLU
fOR SdL LANGUAGE WORkERS
w w w . s m a r T q u e r y. a T - w w w . k a l e i d o s c o p e . a T
TRAN
TTRANSLATOR
RA
TO QUERY
MANAGEMENT
NA
Log, search, forward, answer in the web
Tu rn q u e ri e s in To k now ledg e!
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technicAl writing cont.
Etteplan | Tedopres Inc.
www.tedopres.com
See our ads on page 34 and this page
TechScribe
www.techscribe.co.uk
terminology mAnAgement
AccentPharm Medical Translations
Interverbum Technology
www.accentpharm.com
http://interverbumtech.com
trAining, seminArs & workshoPs
ECQA Certified Terminology Manager
Web: www.termnet.org
E-mail: termnet@termnet.org
Mooslackengasse 17, 1190 Vienna, Austria
+43-1-23060-3965, Fax: +43-1-23060-3966
The European Certification and Qualification
Association (www.ecqa.org) is a not-for-profit association that brings together
institutions and several thousands of professionals from all over Europe and
abroad. ECQA provides worldwide standardized training programs and certification schemes for numerous professions. TermNet, the International Network
for Terminology (www.termnet.org), together with ECQA, has developed the
ECQA Certified Terminology Manager, in the basic and advanced version.
European Language Industry Association
www.elia-assocation.org
Kaleidoscope Communications Solutions GmbH
www.kaleidoscope.at
http://kilgray.com
Lexicool.com
MultiCorpora
www.lexicool.com
www.finntranslations.com
Institute for Advanced Professional Studies
Interpreter Education Online
Finnish Translation Services
www.interpretereducationonline.com
Loctimize GmbH
www.loctimize.com
meta|frasi School of Translation Studies
Qabiria Studio SLNE
Shufra Consultancy
www.iaps.com
www.metafrasi.edu.gr
www.qabiria.com
www.shufra-consultancy.com
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trAining, seminArs & workshoPs cont.
TermNet — International Network for Terminology
University of Lille 3
www.termnet.org
www.univ-lille3.fr/ufr-lea/formations
zaac
www.zaac.de
trAnslAtion mAnAgement systems
www.projetex.com
Andrä AG
www.ontram.com
www.corptransinc.com
Kaleidoscope Communications Solutions GmbH
www.kaleidoscope.at
Kinetic.theTechnologyAgency
Web: www.thetechnologyagency.com
E-mail: scott@thetechnologyagency.com
200 Distillery Commons, Suite 200, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
502-719-9565, Fax: 502-719-9569
Translation headaches cured! Kinetic is the only firm working exclusively on the translation buyer’s behalf to improve quality, maximize
content reuse, speed-up turnaround and significantly reduce costs; it is the
only system that has built-in, real-time vendor ratings per language. Using
your favorite vendors, you now have a centralized translation process,
enterprise-wide for consumer communications, marketing, legal, web and
HR that leverages your TM across all projects and all vendors. Your realtime dashboard increases quality while reducing headaches; provides true
vendor accountability and powerful vendor rating system; delivers detailed
statistics by project, language and vendor and substantially reduces costs.
LINGO TMS BULGARIA LTD
LSP.net GmbH
LTC
www.ltcinnovates.com
MultiCorpora
www.memsource.com
Plunet GmbH
Web: www.plunet.com
E-mail: info@plunet.com
Prenzlauer Allee 214, D-10405 Berlin, Germany
+49 (0)30-3229713-40, US Toll-free: 1-888-758-6381
Fax: 49 (0)30-3229713-59
With offices in Würzburg, Berlin and New York, Plunet develops and
markets the business and translation management system Plunet BusinessManager, one of the leading management solutions for the translation and
localization industry. Plunet BusinessManager provides a high degree of
automation and flexibility for professional language service providers
and translation departments. Using a web-based platform, Plunet integrates translation software, financial accounting and quality management
systems. Basic functions include quote, order and invoice management,
comprehensive financial reports, flexible job and workflow management as
well as deadline, document and customer relationship management. Please
ask for a detailed list of the extensive capabilities.
www.smartling.com
Text United GmbH
www.textunited.com
Translation Business Management System www.tbmsystem.com
Wordbee
Web: www.wordbee.com
E-mail: info@wordbee.com
9, avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux,
L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
+352-54-55-80-875
Wordbee is the leading choice for enterprises and translation professionals who need to save money and make their localization structure run
more efficiently. Wordbee has the most complete feature set of any cloud
solution: a user-friendly translation editor including translation memory,
glossaries and MT, project management capabilities, business analytics
and API connectivity with third-party applications. Project setup effort is
significantly reduced and the workflow automated. Traditional localization
manager tasks such as translation assignment, deadline calculation, project
setup, phase kick-offs, mid-cycle source document changes and cost management can all be automated in the collaborative translation platform.
XTM International
www.xtm-intl.com
XTRF Translation Management Systems
www.xtrf.eu
www.lsp.net
www.linguaeshop.com
MemSource Technologies
Smartling, Inc.
https://lingotms.com
Lstore
Advanced International Translations (AIT)
Corporate Translations, Inc.
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trAnslAtion mAnAgement systems cont.
THE NEW WAY TO BUY,
SELL, COLLABORATE AND
DELIVER LOCALIZATION
SERVICES ONLINE
XTM Xchange brings together translators and
organizations with localization requirements.
Users can publish their own details in the directory
and post localization jobs. Translators can bid for
the work and if selected, complete the task in XTM.
Join XTM Xchange today:
www.xtm-intl.com/xchange-register
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trAnslAtion services
1-Stop Translation USA, LLC
www.1stoptr.com
101Translations
www.101translations.com
1st Transnational Translations
www.1sttransnational.com
2M Language Services
www.2m.com.au
A2Z Evaluations, LLC
www.a2zeval.com
A2Z Global Language Solutions
AAA Translation
Abellana Plus Ltd.
Able Translations Ltd.
www.a2zglobal.com
Absolute Translations Ltd
Academy of Languages Translation and Interpretation
Services (AOLTI)
www.aolti.com
Accessible Translation Solutions
www.accessibletranslations.com
Acclaro Inc.
www.acclaro.com
Accurate Translation Services, Inc.
ACP Traductera
www.aaatranslation.com
ACTC Translation Centre
www.abellanaplus.com
Active Translators S.R.L.
www.abletranslations.com
www.absolutetranslations.com
www.seattletranslation.com
www.traductera.com
www.actc.com.sg
Web: www.active-translators.com, E-mail: office@active-translators.com
Str. Florin Medeleţ, Nr. 5, Sc. A, Ap. 2, Timişoara 300732, Romania
0040-256-289977, Fax: 0040-256-201614
AD VERBUM Ltd.
www.adverbum.com
ADAPT Localization Services
your one-stop
Asian Solution
Afaf Translations
Affordable Language Services
www.afaftranslations.com
www.affordablelanguageservices.com
Afrolingo
Agostini Associati
www.afrolingo.co.za
www.agostiniassociati.it
AIM Consulting
www.aim-tr.com
aLanguageBank
www.alanguagebank.com
Alba Translating Company Ltd
Albanian Language Services
Albisa, S.L.
www.alba-translating.ru
www.albanian-language.com
www.albisa-solutions.com
Alboum
www.alboum.com
Alexika Ltd
www.alexika.com
Aliquantum, Inc.
www.aliquantum.biz
All Languages Ltd
www.alllanguages.com
Alliance Localization China
www.allocalization.com
Allingus Translation Services®
www.allingus.com
Alma Mater
www.am-ukr.com
Alphabet Street Ltd.
[+1-888-351-7867] [marketing@1stoptr.com] [www.1stoptr.com]
U.S.A. | CHINA | KOREA
Alvin Translation
www.alphabetstreet.net
www.alvintranslation.com
AMlingua
www.amlingua.com
Andiamo! Language Services Ltd
www.andiamo.co.uk
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Ando Translations
Web: www.ando.cz
E-mail: ando@ando.cz
Tyršova 48, 61 200 Brno, Czech Republic
+420-541-235-718
Languages: From English into Czech and Slovak, and all EE languages.
Software localization, translations for medical devices, clinical studies,
pharmaceutics, oncology, biotechnology and technical documentation as
well as legal, financial and marketing texts for the entire central European
market. We place special emphasis on the maximum quality of translations delivered, speed, a flexible approach and customer satisfaction. These
properties have gradually helped us create excellent business relationships
in the localization market, both with domestic and foreign companies that
emphasize quality translation in their work. We offer our longtime experience and professional approach to you.
Andrei Sedliarou Translations
Angira Translation Agency
Anja Casties-Bergfeld
Apex Translations, Inc.
Arcadia Translations
Arinna, Inc.
ASAP-translation.com
Aspena
www.translator4you.com
Auerbach International Inc.
www.auerbach-intl.com
AUM Translation Services Ltd.
Avalon Media srl
www.avalon.ro
Avalon Professional Translation
www.apex-translations.com
www.arcadia-t.com
www.earinna.com
www.asap-translation.com
www.aspena.com
www.avalontranslation.com
B&K Projects
www.bkprojects.be
Babylon Expert
www.babylonexpert.com
balTICK language services
www.baltick.lt
Bay Translations
www.baytranslations.com
Bc. Rostislav Bala — German/Czech Translations
www.tschechische-ubersetzungen.de
www.angira.ru
www.casties-bergfeld.de
www.aum.ru/en
BENEXtra Korea
www.benextra.com
BEPS Translations
www.bepstranslations.com
Berthold International GmbH
www.bertholdinternational.com
BeTranslated
www.betranslated.com
BiroTranslations (Biro 2000 d.o.o.)
BITRA
www.birotranslations.com
http://dti.ua.es/en/bitra/introduction.html
Biztranslations AS
www.biztranslations.com
BLC — Brazilian Localization Company
Blue South
www.blc.com.br
www.bluesouth.co.nz
Braahmam Net Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Web: www.braahmam.net
E-mail: info@braahmam.net
B-28, First Floor, Sector 63, 201303 Noida, India
+91-120-430-7530
Braahmam is an ISO 9001:2008 certified service provider of language
and learning solutions. We specialize in localizing software, mobile and web
applications in Asian and Indian languages, multilingual audio recording
and video subtitling services. We work in 100+ languages, including complex bidirectional scripts, such as Arabic, Hebrew and Urdu.
Bruce International, Inc.
www.bruceinternational.com
BUREAUCOM LLC
www.bureaucom.com
Carmazzi Global Solutions
www.carmazzi.com
Casa de Traduceri
www.casadetraduceri.ro
CEET Ltd.
www.ceet.eu
CETRA Language Solutions
www.cetra.com
Charles Aschmann Language Services (CALS)
www.charlesaschmann.com
Chinese Localization Center (CLC)
CIKLOPEA d.o.o.
www.chineselocalize.com
www.ciklopea.com
Cipherion Translations
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www.cipherion.com/en
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Clear Words Translations
www.clearwordstranslations.com
CloudLingual
CommGap
Dorothy Translations
www.dorothytranslations.com
www.commgap.com
Dussault Translation
www.dussault-translation.com
www.bookwebtranslation.com
www.contrad.com.pl
Conversis
www.conversisglobal.com
www.corporatetranslations.com
Web: www.corptransinc.com
E-mail: sales@corptransinc.com
77 Hartland Street, East Hartford, CT 06108, USA
860-727-6000, Fax: 860-727-6001
With over two decades of acquired knowledge in the highly regulated
life science industry, Corporate Translations has become a recognized
expert in managing both complex and simple translation and linguistic
validation projects specifically for pharmaceutical, biotech and medical
device companies in addition to CROs and IRBs. Corporate Translations’
ISO 9001:2008 certified translation process has earned the company preferred vendor status with some of the world’s top pharmaceutical companies such as Pfizer, Abbott, Novartis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer
Ingelheim and Merck. Corporate Translations understands the need for
quality translations quickly, accurately and cost-effectively, and we deliver.
Cosmo Translations
www.cosmosite.co.uk
cre@dventure — Baumann & Barde GbR
www.creadventure.de
Crestec Europe B.V.
www.dolphin-translations.com
www.cloudlingual.com
Comprehensive Book Translation Services
CONTRAD
Dolphin Translations GmbH
Dynamic Language
www.dynamiclanguage.com
e2f translations, inc
www.en2fr.com
E4NET Co., Ltd.
www.e4net.net
EastSun Translations
www.eastsuntranslation.com
EC Innovations, Inc.
Eclectic Communications
Elanex, Inc.
www.swlocalization.com
www.elanex.com
Elite Translations Asia Pte. Ltd.
www.elitetranslations.asia
eLocale, Inc.
www.elocale.com
eLocalize
www.elocalize.net
EnRus
www.enrus.ru
www.crestec.eu
Cybertec USA, Inc.
www.cybertecusa.com
D.O.G. Dokumentation ohne Grenzen GmbHwww.dog-gmbh.de
DADAN Translations
www.dadan.eu
Day Translations, Inc
www.daytranslations.com
Decoder +
delsurtranslations
Deyá idiomas
DG Global
Dialog One, LLC
www.decoderplus.com
www.delsurtranslations.com.ar
www.deyaidiomas.com
www.dg-global.com
www.dialog-one.com
Diamecs Engineering, Ltd.
www.diamecs.ru
Diskusija
www.diskusija.lt
Dixon Servicios Lingüísticos, S.L.
diye Global Communications
Document Service Center GmbH
DokuTrans Translation Services
www.dixon.es
www.diye.com.tr
www.dsc-translation.de
www.dokutrans.net
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EQHO Communications
www.eqho.com
Eriksen Translations Inc.
www.eriksen.com
ESEN Translation Services
www.esentranslation.com
eTeams International Ltd
ETLS International
Étymon Solutions SLL
Eurotonas
Exact!
Exalingo
Excel Translations
exe, spol. s r. o.
www.eteams.ie
www.etlsint.com
www.etymon-solutions.com
www.eurotonas.com
www.exact-gmbh.com
www.exalingo.com
www.lifesciencestranslations.com
http://localization.exe.sk
Exigo translations
Eye-Translate
Fasttranslator.com
Folio Online
www.exigotranslations.com
www.eye-translate.com
http://usa.fasttranslator.com
www.folio-online.co.za
Follow-Up Translation Services
www.follow-up.com.br
ForeignExchange Translations
www.fxtrans.com
Foreign Ink Ltd.
www.fornink.com
Foreign Translations, Inc.
www.foreigntranslations.com
Formula F Ltd.
www.123translate.me
Future Trans Ltd.
www.future-trans.com
G3 Translate
www.g3translate.com
GaiaText« The Translation Company GmbH
Global Language Solutions
www.gaiatext.eu
www.globallanguages.com
Global Language Translations and Consulting, Inc.
(GLTaC, Inc.)
www.gltac.com
Global Localize
www.global-localize.com
Global textware bv
www.globaltextware.nl
Gproject Corporation
www.gproj.com
Hablaa
http://hablaa.com
Hansson Uebersetzungen GmbH
Harcz & Partner Ltd.
www.hansson.de
www.translationcompany.org
HE Translations
http://hetranslation.co.uk
Help Agency
www.agenziahelp.it
Hermes Traducciones y Servicios Lingüísticos, S.L.
www.hermestrans.com
Hieroglifs Translations
www.hieroglifstranslations.ro
Home Office
www.homeoffice.be
Honyaku Center Inc.
www.honyakuctr.com
Horacio R. Dal Dosso
www.hdosso.com.ar
Horizon Translating & Interpreting, LLC www.horizontranslating.com
HTT
www.htt.fr
Hunnect Limited
www.hunnect.hu
IAFL Translation & Interpretation Services
ida Corporation
www.ida-net.com
Idea Translations
www.ideatranslations.com
IDEST Comminication SA
www.idestnet.com
idioma Co., Ltd.
www.idioma.com
iDISC Information Technologies, S.L.
ILA Translation Services
28
www.iaflindia.com
www.idisc.es
www.ilatranslation.com
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Indy Translations, LLC
http://indytranslations.com
Info Plus SRL
www.infoplus-srl.com
Interlang Ltd.
www.interlang.net
interlanguage s.r.l.
Web: www.interlanguage.it
E-mail: info@interlanguage.it
Strada Scaglia Est, 134, 41126 Modena, Italy
+39-059-344720, Fax: +39-059-344300
interlanguage has been delivering a comprehensive range of top quality
professional services to major customers throughout the world since 1986:
technical, financial, legal and promotional translations, terminology management, desktop publishing, interpreting and voiceover. An in-house staff
of editors and project managers covers a variety of technical fields, from all
languages into Italian with extended usage of CAT tools. The DTP service
offers typesetting in all European and Asian languages. interlanguage is
one of the first translation centers in Italy to be awarded the Quality System certification ISO 9001:2008, Translation Service certification UNI EN
15038:2006 and Interpreting Service certification UNI 10574:2007.
International Communication by Design www.icdtranslation.com
International Contact, Inc.
www.intlcontact.com
International Language Services, Inc.
www.ilstranslations.com
International Language Source, Inc.
www.ilsource.com
International Translation Bureau
www.itbtranslation.com
INTERTEXT Traducción y documentación
multilingüe, S.L.
Intervoices Comunicação Global
www.intertext.es
www.intervoices.com
InText Translation Company
www.intexts.com
IOLAR
www.iolar.com
iPublish Pte Ltd
www.ipublish.com.sg
italianwords
www.italianwords.it
iTRANSmedia
www.itransmedia.com
Iwóka Translation Studio
www.iwokatranslation.com
Jaeger Translations
www.jaeger-translations.de
www.janusww.com
JAPANtranslation
http://jls.com
JRD Translations
www.jrdias.com
JTS Korea, Inc.
Junction International, LLC
www.jtskorea.co.kr
www.junctioninternational.com
Just Traduções
Keylingo Translations
King’s Translation & Copywriting sprl
www.just.trd.br
www.keylingo.com
www.kingstranslation.com
http://localize.co.kr
L.A. Translations & Design
www.latranslations.com
Langscape
www.langscape.com
Language Inc.
www.language-inc.org
Language People, Inc.
www.languagepeople.com
Language Translation, Inc.
www.languagetranslation.com
Languages Translation Serviceswww.advancedtranslationservices.com
LanguageTran
www.language-translation-service.net
Latin-data
www.latin-data.com
LATN Inc.
www.latn.com
Lexcelera
www.lexcelera.com
Lexika s.r.o.
Web: www.lexika.sk, E-mail: info@lexika.sk
Dobrovicova 10, 81109 Bratislava, Slovakia
+421-2-5010-6700, Fax: +421-2-5292-5965
At Lexika we have the capability and skilled personnel to handle your
Czech, Slovak and other CEE translation needs. We provide translations over
a wide range of business and professional fields. Lexika’s project management
ensures quality, cost-effectiveness and fast turnaround. With 19 years’ experience, we ensure on-time delivery and outstanding customer service. To request
a quote for your next Czech or Slovak language project, visit www.lexika.sk.
LEXMAN
www.lexman.biz
LexWorks
www.lexworks.com
Lido-Lang Technical Translations
www.lidolang.com
LIG Languages & Solutions
www.lig-china.com
Lingo2Lingo Translations
www.lingo2lingotranslations.com
Lingo24
www.lingo24us.com
LingoStar Language Services Inc.
www.lingo-star.com
Linguaemundi — Linguarama Serviços Linguísticos, Lda
www.linguaemundi.pt
LinguaLinx, Inc.
www.lingualinx.com
LinguaPoint GmbH
www.linguapoint.de
Linguavox
http://japan-translation.japanese-web.com
JLS Language Corporation
KL-Link
Lion-Net
Live Translation
www.linguavox.co.uk
www.lion-net.com
www.livetranslation.com
LocaFlex, Ltd.
www.locaflex.ru
Locasis
www.locasis.com
LocaSoft GmbH
Lys Vietnamese Translation
www.locasoft.com
www.lysvietnamesetranslation.com
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MAGIT Sp. z o.o.
Web: www.translations.magit.pl
E-mail: trans-info@magit.pl
Parkowa 11, Psary, 51-180 Wrocław, Poland
+48-71-347-73-30, Fax: +48-71-372-94-58
MAGIT — experts in “Polishing” your products since 1995. MAGIT
offers software localization, multimedia localization and technical translations into Polish and other Eastern European languages. Our main fields
of expertise include IT, life sciences, telecommunication, automotive,
consumer electronics and industrial technologies. Taking advantage of
our network of proven language resources and building on experience in
projects completed for global and regional players, we offer professional
services and personal dedication to help companies successfully launch
products into new markets. MAGIT is your competent translation partner,
flexible, responsive and reliable. Look no further. Try us out!
Magnum Group, Inc.
www.magnumgroupinc.com
MARK Business Translations Ltd.
www.marktranslations.com
Matrix Communications AG
www.matrix-ag.com
Mc LEHM Language Services
www.mc-lehm.com
MediLingua Medical Translations B.V.
Web: www.medilingua.com, E-mail: info@medilingua.com
Poortgebouw - Rijnsburgerweg 10,
2333 AA Leiden, The Netherlands
31-71-5680862, Fax: 31-71-5234660
MediLingua provides professional medical translation services. We
offer 40+ of the world’s major languages. Our work concerns both medicines and medical devices. Our customers are pharmaceutical companies,
CROs, medical publishers, national and international medical and regulatory organizations, and manufacturers of medical devices, instruments,
in vitro diagnostics and medical software. We translate regulatory dossier
information (SmPCs, PILs, labeling), general information about medicines, health and treatment, clinical trial documents, and instructions for
medical devices. Our services also include pretranslation source text editing, translatability assessment, international review management, translation validation, harmonization of language versions, user testing (cognitive
debriefing), readability testing, and back translation and reconciliation.
Merle & Sheppard Language Consulting www.language-consulting.com
Merrill Brink International
www.merrillbrink.com
Mestako Ltd.
www.mestako.lv
MGO-Traducciones
www.mgo-traducciones.com.ar
MilaTova International Translations
www.milatova.com
Mind Power Hungary Ltd.
http://mipohu.com
Mirora Translation & Consultancy Co.
Moravia
www.mirora.com
www.moravia.com
www.mss.es
MTM — Multilingual Translations Management b.v.
www.mtm-international.eu
Multi-Languages Corporation
MultiLing
Multilingual Connections, LLC
Multilingual Translation Services
30
www.multi-languages.com
www.multiling.com
www.multilingualconnections.com
www.multilingual.com.hk
www.n3dstranslations.com
Naked Translations
www.nakedtranslations.com
Neotech
www.neotech.ru
Net-Translators
Your Vision. Worldwide.
Web: www.net-translators.com
E-mail: sales@net-translators.com
13 Hamifal Street, P.O. Box 1052, 6050001 Or Yehuda, Israel
972-3-5338633, Toll-free: N. America 800-320-1020, Fax: 972-3-5336956
Net-Translators provides turnkey translation, localization and multilingual testing services and customized strategy-to-deployment localization
solutions in over 60 languages. For ten years, we’ve helped technology companies and medical device manufacturers prepare their products and services
for global markets, including software applications (GUI, online help and
documentation), marketing materials, websites and more. Our professional,
customer-focused teams deliver consistent, accurate results in compliance to
international regulations, and our one-of-a-kind multilingual testing center
offers the ultimate testing environment for localized products. ISO 9001:2008
and ISO 13485:2003 certifications and a long-standing reputation for quality
consistently earn Net-Translators the trust of industry leaders worldwide.
Netlingo International
Netwire
NIGtranslations
Nile Language Services
nlg GmbH
www.netlingo.co.in
www.netwire.com.br
www.nigtranslations.es
www.nilels.com
www.nlgworldwide.com
Nordtext
www.nordtext.com
Nuadda
www.nuadda.com
NZ Translations
www.nztranslations.com
Ocean Translations
Web: www.oceantranslations.com
E-mail: info@oceantranslations.com
San Lorenzo 1716-7, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
+54-341-5270508, Fax: +54-341-4253660
Your Latin American language partner, Ocean Translations is a global
provider of high-quality communications solutions delivering expert language
services. We offer accurate, fast and effective translations (English, LA and US
Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese) to serve a wide range of industries, such
as life sciences, finance, education, IT, food and hospitality, automotive, legal,
travel, insurance and manufacturing. As a full service LSP, we also offer multilingual DTP, software and website localization, subtitling and interpretation.
Our goal is to deliver a customized service to each of our clients and build
long-term business partnerships following ISO 9001:2008 standards.
Octopus Translations
Omnia Group
One Hour Translation
MSS
N3Ds Translations
OneDocument, S.L.
ORCO S.A.
www.octopustranslations.com
www.omnia-group.it
www.onehourtranslation.com
www.onedocument.eu
www.orco.gr
Orient Translation Services
www.orienttr.com
P & L Translations
www.pandltranslations.com
Pacific Translations
www.pacific-translations.com
Pangeanic
www.pangeanic.com
1/10/13 11:54 AM
ANNUAL
ResoURce
DiRectoRy
PassWord Europe
www.password-europe.com
Paulo José
Perfecto Brasil
www.paulo-jose.com
www.perfectobrasil.com.br/en
Petersburg Translation Bureau
www.ptb-localization.com
Polyglot Translation Ltd
www.polyglot.biz
Premier Focus Inc.
www.premierfocus.com
Prestige Network Ltd
www.prestigenetwork.com
ProBahasa Translation
www.probahasa.com
Profalians
www.profalians.com.ua
ProLinguo GmbH
www.prolinguo.com
Promova
www.promova.com.ua
ProTranslating
www.protranslating.com
PS Translation
www.pstranslation.co.uk
PTIGlobal
www.ptiglobal.com
PTSGI — President Translation Service Group International
www.ptsgi.com
Puretrans
www.puretrans.com
Qingdao OM Translation Co., Ltd.
Quicksilver Translations
www.86trans.com
www.quicksilvertranslate.com
R L Translations Ltd
www.rltranslations.co.uk
Rancho Park Publishing, Inc.
reliable translations llc
www.ranchopark.com
www.reliable-translations.com
Rephraserz Media and Communication Services
www.rephraserz.com
Rescribe
www.rescribe.com
Rheinschrift Übersetzungen, Ursula Steigerwald
RM-Soft Translation & Publishing S.L.
Rosetta Translation Limited
www.rheinschrift.de
www.rm-soft.com
www.rosettatranslation.com
RoundTable Studio, Inc.
Web: www.roundtableinc.net
E-mail: info@roundtableinc.net
+54-11-4001-3109,
Fax: +54-11-5648-7380
RoundTable Studio specializes in translation for the Spanish and
Brazilian Portuguese language markets and optimizes client value by
offering an unbeatable blend of service, quality and cost. Our production centers are located in Argentina and Brazil, with an additional
project management center in Spain for extended time zone coverage.
A solid infrastructure provides the backbone for our processes, with a
large team of full-time employees including linguists, project managers
and desktop publishing/technical staff, as well as a senior management
team with extensive international experience. Our unique in-house
strength ensures reliable service standards and enables unparalleled
scale and flexibility.
RUSLAN Translations Inc.
www.ruslan.com
RusLoc
www.rusloc.com
RWS Group GmbH
www.rws-group.de
Ryszard Jarża Translations
Web: www.jarza.pl
E-mail: info@jarza.pl
ul. Barlickiego 23/22, 50-324 Wrocław, Poland, +48-601-228332
Ryszard Jarża Translations is an established provider of specialized Polish translation, localization and testing services, primarily for life sciences, IT,
automotive, refrigeration and other technology sectors. For over a decade, we
have been active in the technical and marketing translation market. We work
directly with documentation departments of large multinational customers
and with multilanguage service providers. Our in-house team is comprised
of experienced linguists with medical, IT and engineering backgrounds. We
guarantee a high standard of quality while maintaining flexibility, unparalleled
responsiveness and reliability. Our services are certified to EN 15038:2006.
Sandberg Translation Partners Ltd
www.stpnordic.com
Satto Translations
Schreiber Translations, Inc.
Scriptor Services LLC
SEATONGUE
www.satto.info
www.schreibernet.com
www.scriptorservices.com
www.seatongue.com
www.seschat.de
SH3 Inc.
www.sh3.com
Skrivanek
Web: www.skrivanek.com
E-mail: info@skrivanek.com
Na Dolinách 153/22, 147 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
+420-546-212-294, USA: +1-212-858-7561
Skrivanek has been delivering outstanding language solutions for
almost 20 years, affirming its position as a world leader in the translation
industry. Our network of 50 offices in 14 countries throughout Europe,
Asia and the United States enables the provision of quality translations
and product localization services in over 100 languages. Supported by
3,000 linguists, 350 in-house native reviewers, teams of experienced
project managers, software engineers and DTP specialists, our cuttingedge technologies facilitate customer-driven solutions to meet the most
exacting requirements. Our reputation is guaranteed by ISO 9001:2008
and EN 15038:2006 quality assurance certification and a clientele that
includes global corporations and major international organizations.
SLS international Inc.
SMARTSPOKES AG
Sobrero Language Services
SOPHIA, jazykove sluzby s.r.o.
Spanish Express, Inc.
www.sls-international.com
www.smartspokes.com
www.italiantranslator.org.uk
www.sophia-cb.cz
www.spanish-express.com
SpanSource
www.spansource.com
SpeakLatam
www.speaklatam.com
Spiderword
www.spiderword.com
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ANNUAL
ResoURce
DiRectoRy
Straker Translations
www.strakertranslations.com
The Language Exchange
Strategic Languages Inc.
www.strategiclanguages.com
Tim Davies Nordic Translations
Studio Gambit Sp. z o.o.
TiMe Translations & Training
Web: www.stgambit.com
E-mail: gambit@stgambit.com
ul. Matejki 6, 80-232 Gdańsk, Poland
+48 58 345 3800, Fax: +48 58 345 1909
Studio Gambit is a leading regional MLV providing a unique opportunity to consolidate translation and localization services into all languages
of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Ruling out the quality risk, Studio
Gambit transforms translation into controlled, ISO 9001:2008-certified
business process that allows clients to achieve the best value for money.
The comprehensive offer of technical services includes multilingual DTP,
software testing, voiceover, dubbing and video editing — all you need to
create a local version of the product. To drive operational efficiences sought
in long-term cooperation, we assure scalability for high volume projects,
capabilities in diverse subject matters and competitive pricing.
Synergium
Web: www.synergium.eu
E-mail: translation@synergium.eu
Verkių Str. 25c, 7th Floor LT 08223 Vilnius, Lithuania
+ 370-5-275-29-57
Synergium provides TEP, website and software localization, terminology management, and linguistic evaluation services in the Eastern European and CIS languages. Due to high-quality performance and thoughtful
approach, Synergium has been recognized as the Baltic language expert by
world-renowned companies, such as Google, Microsoft, Philips Healthcare,
GlaxoSmithKline and more. Our Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian inhouse teams of expert project managers, translators, editors and software
engineers have vast experience in handling translation projects under tight
deadlines from major technical industries, such as automotive, electronics,
IT, life sciences, machinery, telecommunications and tourism.
SyNTHEMA
Tampa Bay Translations, LLC
www.tampabaytranslations.com
Technical Language Services, Inc.
www.tamr-translations.com
www.tls-translations.com
Technolex Translation Studio
Web: www.technolex-translations.com, E-mail: pm@technolex-translations.com
Zdolbunivska 5A office 18, Kiev 02081, Ukraine
+38-(044)-501-32-83
TechWord
Techworld Language Solutions
Teletranslations
TELTAI
Terralíngua
TetraLingua Fachübersetzungen
Texto Ltd. — Translation & Publishing
32
Tip-Top Translations
www.tip-toptranslations.com
Tiqua Translations
www.tiqua.com
TMG Translation Services Limited
www.tmgtranslation.com
To The Point Translations
http://users.skynet.be/ttpt
Traducciones Continental, S.L.
www.tcontinental.es
Tradux Translations
www.tradux.de
Trans-IT Translations inc.
www.trans-it.ca
TransAction Translators Ltd
Transconsult Ltd.
www.transaction.co.uk
www.transconsult.com.br
TransDoc SA
www.transdoc.ch
TransForm Gesellschaft für Sprachen- und Mediendienste mbH
www.transformcologne.de
Transimpex Translators-Interpreters-Editors-Consultants, Inc.
www.transimpex.com
Teknicats
Who can use a CAT tool better than a cat?
www.techworldinc.com
www.metaphraseis.com
www.teltai.com
Welcome to the world of
vigilant, ambitious and quality-oriented cats!
•Experts in IT, Engineering, Automotive and Medical Translations
•Reliable Service and Responsiveness
•Experienced in various CAT tools
www.terralingua.com.br
www.tetralingua.de
Your Turkish Localization Partner
www.texto.gr/en
www.textpartner.com
www.thelanguagectr.com
www.timeargentina.com
www.techword.fr
The Language Center
www.timadavies.com
www.synthema.it
Tamr Translations Limited
TextPartner
www.langex.com
info@tekniktranslation.com
Telephone: +90 232 489 89 43
+90 555 482 26 11
1/10/13 11:54 AM
ANNUAL
ResoURce
DiRectoRy
translate plus
www.translateplus.com
Wessex Translations Limited
www.wt-lm.com
Translation Cloud
www.translation-services-usa.com
Wolfestone Translation Ltd
Translation Management Ltd
www.translationmanagement.com
Wordbook.nl
http://wordbook.nl
www.translationworld.org
WordExpress
www.wordexpress.net
www.translations.ca
WordFactory
www.wordfactory.nl
Translation World
Translations.CA
TranslationSmart, Inc.
www.translationsmart.com
Translator Scandinavia AB
www.translator-scandinavia.com
www.wolfestone.co.uk
Wordlink Traduções
www.wordlink.com.br
WordPilots
www.wordpilots.com
Translatum Oy
www.translatum.fi
Translavic Polska Sp. z o.o.
www.translavic.eu
Translingua, Inc.
www.translingua.com
TransLink Translations
www.trans-link.com
Transloc
TransLogic
TransPerfect
World Language Communications
www.worldlanguagecommunications.com
Wratislavia Translation House Sp. z o.o.
Xlated Ltd.
www.transloc.lv
www.translogic.no
Yamagata Europe
www.transperfect.com
TransSoft
www.transsoft.pl
TripleInk
www.tripleink.com
Yan Translation
Your Spanish Translations, Inc
YourCulture
YYZ Translations
TRSB
www.wth.pl
www.xlated.com
www.yamagata-europe.com
www.yantrans.com
www.yourspanishtranslation.com
www.yourculture.co.uk
www.yyztranslations.com
www.trsb.com
Turkish Translations
www.turkishtranslations.org
TurkishEnglish.com
http://turkishenglish.com/en
Turklingua Turkish Translation Services
www.turklingua.com
TW Languages
www.twlanguages.com
Ushuaia Solutions
Vancouver Technical Translation
www.vancouvertechnicaltranslation.com
Veritas Language Solutions Ltd
Versalia Traducción, S.L.
www.veritaslanguagesolutions.com
http://traductorjurado.com
Versatile Translation Services Inc.
www.versatile.ab.ca
Vertext s.a.r.l.
www.vertext.fr
Verztec Consulting
www.verztec.com
Viya Translations
www.viyadil.com
Washington Translation Bureau
www.watransbureau.com
Ways With Words Translation Services Ltd
www.ways-with-words.com
Webdunia
www.webdunia.net
WERPRO Language Consulting & Translation www.werpro.com
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ANNUAL
ResoURce
DiRectoRy
zappmedia GmbH
ZELENKA Czech Republic Ltd.
www.zappmedia.com
www.zelenka-translations.com
www.zinacle.com
trAnslAtion tools
ATRIL
Tilti Systems GmbH
www.wordfast.com
XTM International
www.xtm-intl.com
www.codesco.com
ECM engineering
www.sysfilter.de
EverTran Co., Ltd.
www.visualtran.com
Fluency
Global Lingo
Integrated Wave Technologies, Inc.
voiceovers
www.golocalise.com
www.global-lingo.com
Graffitti Studio
www.graffittistudio.com
www.jivefusiontech.com
www.lingenio.de
www.networks-go.net
NRG Productions
www.nrgproductions.gr
Omni Intercommunications, Inc.
Polyglot Communications, Inc.
PrimeVoices SARL
www.prompsit.com
Safaba Translation Solutions
www.safaba.com
www.polyglot.us.com
www.primevoices.com
Victoria’s Voice — Professional US English Voiceovers
http://vicsvoice.com
website globAlizAtion
AJPR LLC
www.ajpr.com
www.belugalinguistics.com
eLocalize
www.elocalize.net
MarkTheGlobe
www.marktheglobe.com
Net-Translators
Webcliq
www.cliqon.com
workflow solutions
MultiCorpora
Plunet GmbH
www.oregontranslation.com
www.pinknoise.es
www.maxprograms.com
www.metatexis.com
www.omni-inter.com
Pink Noise
Beluga Linguistics SL
Web: www.madcapsoftware.com
E-mail: info@madcapsoftware.com
7777 Fay Avenue, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
858-320-0387, Toll-free: 888-623-2271, Fax: 858-320-0338
MadCap Lingo is a translation management tool designed to assist
professional translators in the translation and localization process. Improve
translation efficiency with a streamlined workflow using built-in translation memory technology (TMX support), detailed reporting capabilities
and advanced translation features such as alignment, termbases and more.
Prompsit Language Engineering, S.L.
Networks srl
Oregon Translation, LLC
MultiCorpora
http://brombergtranslations.com
GoLocalise Ltd
MetaTexis Software and Services
Bromberg & Associates, LLC
www.westernstandard.com
Web: http://kilgray.com
E-mail: sales@kilgray.com
Beke sugarut 72., H-5700 Gyula, Hungary
0036303839435
Kilgray Translation Technologies is the world’s fastest growing provider of computer-assisted translation tools. All products of Kilgray, such
as memoQ, the memoQ server, qTerm and memoQWebTrans, are designed
to facilitate, speed up and optimize the entire translation process. Rated #1
by Common Sense Advisory among translation-centric TMS systems and
used by thousands of translators, language service providers and enterprises throughout the world, memoQ and other Kilgray tools are appreciated as premiere translation technologies.
Maxprograms
www.daytalent.com
http://jawjawcard.param.mobi
Lingenio GmbH
Binari Sonori S.r.l.
Day Talent
www.miltrans.com
JiveFusion Technologies Inc.
www.tilti.com
Wordfast
www.change-tracker.com
CoDesCo
www.systransoft.com
www.atril.com
Change Tracker
34
SYSTRAN
Zinacle
Jaw Jaw Graphic Training Aids
trAnslAtion tools cont.
www.plunet.com
STAR Group
www.star-group.net
Wordbee
www.wordbee.com
1/10/13 11:54 AM
35 EQHO #133a.indd 35
1/10/13 11:53 AM
findings for 2013
Rebecca Ray
T
he latest research from Common Sense
Advisory shows that the language
services market is recession-resistant
and fast growing in most regions,
with high profit margins. However,
competitive pressure is fierce. Here are
some of the most significant research findings to
bear in mind as language service providers (LSPs)
prepare for the year ahead.
Fortune 500 companies that invest in translation report
higher revenue. In spite of economic uncertainty, most Fortune
500 companies that we surveyed in 2012 increased their spend
on translation. Businesses that did so were 1.5 times more likely
than their peers to report an increase in total revenue. They
reported customer service, branding and market share as their
top drivers for translation.
The market is big — and getting bigger
Our latest global market study demonstrated that the global
market for outsourced language services and technology was
worth $33.52 billion in 2012. It is currently growing at an
annual rate of more than 12%. However, for LSPs to harness
this growth, they must understand which services are growing
and where. The fastest-growing services include transcreation,
internationalization and telephone interpreting. North America
has cut its spending, while Asia has gained significant ground,
and Western and Northern Europe remain strong.
Manufacturing represents the largest single vertical
As one of our recent reports revealed, the manufacturing
market was estimated at more than $11 billion in 2012, which
Rebecca Ray is a senior analyst at Common Sense
Advisory, an independent Massachusetts-based
market research firm that helps companies profitably
grow their international businesses and gain access
to new markets and new customers.
36
36-37 CSA LangServTop10.indd 36
corresponds to one-third of the total market. With hundreds of
subsectors to serve, companies with an established offering for
manufacturers, as well as those new to the vertical, can carve
out significant sources of revenue from manufacturing.
The number of required languages continues to climb
The average number of languages required by customers
is rising. Global success now means reaching customers who
speak languages such as Arabic, Russian and Brazilian Portuguese. Based on our annual review of 2,409 global websites,
the world’s most prominent websites now have content in 15
languages. Our research also shows that it takes 12 languages
to reach 80% of the world’s online audience and 21 languages
to reach 90%.
Per-word prices for translation are on the decline
Despite the fact that translation demand is going up, our
survey in 2012 of more than 3,700 LSPs and freelancers for 222
language pairs showed that pricing is heading down. The average per-word price for translation into and from the 30 most
commonly used languages on the web has fallen over 30% since
2010. At the same time, we also found that some of the most
popular individual language pairs, such as Spanish to English,
have increased in price.
The majority of translated content is new
One of our recent studies found that 59% of content is brand
new and does not benefit from translation memory software.
This means that approximately 40% of content destined for
translation takes advantage of previous translations, but the
majority of content is still being translated from scratch.
Translation productivity increases
have remained flat over the last decade
There is a massive content backlog, but translation productivity rates have not risen to meet it. The longstanding industry
benchmark for translator output is 2,500 words per day. One of
Common Sense Advisory’s recent reports, “Translation Future
Shock,” revealed that individual translators on average now produce 2,684 words per day, while the average LSP reports a daily
output of 43,546 words. The typical LSP processes 5,728 words
per hour, and the typical freelancer 443 words.
1/10/13 11:54 AM
Machine translation (MT) is
now a mainstream activity
MT usage has increased to the point
that it is now considered a regular component of the language service toolbox on
both the demand and supply sides of the
industry. In a survey that we conducted
in 2012 with 438 respondents, more than
half of the freelancer participants (55%)
said they had used MT, while 44% of LSPs
had done so. Rather than decreasing the
demand for high-quality human translation, the widespread availability of online
MT appears to be acting as a catalyst to
generate more demand.
TEP is on its way out
Our latest research shows that translate-edit-proof (TEP) is no longer a mainstream process for providers, as pressure
builds to deliver translated products and
services faster with more frequent updates
to local markets. This change has had a
downward effect on price per word as
more suppliers now quote linguistic verification as a service separately from the
original translation. Just 42.5% of LSPs
and freelancers reported including proofreading in their rates, and only 33.7%
bundled editing into their pricing.
Translation has important
ramifications for the world
at large
Those who work in translation may
not always stop to think about the fact
that translation can save people’s lives,
improve political inclusion and prevent
violent conflict. A study that we conducted in 2012 for Translators without
Borders, “The Need for Translation in
Africa,” confirmed that translation is
36-37 CSA LangServTop10.indd 37
The top ten global industries for language services. Source: Common Sense Advisory
critical for the public health, political
stability and social well-being of African
nations. These two findings say it all:
nearly 95% of respondents reported that
greater access to translated information
would have a positive impact on collective health, and 63% believed that such
access could have prevented the death
of someone in their family or circle of
friends. M
| 37
1/10/13 11:54 AM
Ciao!
Hola!
Bonjour!
Hallo!
Hello!
Hola!
!
Hallo!
Oi!
Bonjour!
Hello!
!
Translation at the speed of today.
Agile, cloud-based translation management platform
to power localized web and mobile experiences
smartling.com/multilingual
Hallo!
Oi!
Hello!
Hola!
Bonjour!
!
Hallo!
!
Hello!
Ciao!
38 Smartling #133a.indd 38
1/10/13 11:55 AM
Localization
standards Reader
David Filip
T
his Reader does not purport to address
everything around standards. Instead,
it looks at standards that affect multilingual transformations of content and
at technical standards targeting actual
technical interoperability.
BCP 14 (also known as RFC 2119)
Short Description: BCP stands for Best Current Practice. BCP
14 defines the standardization specific meaning of normative
keywords such as must, must not, optional, required, recommended and so on. RFC stands for Request for Comments, and
these are numbered sequentially. RFC 2119 is the most common
normative reference in other specifications throughout information technology standardization bodies. Localization-related
standards such as ITS and XLIFF are using the BCP 14 keywords to make their normative statements that create the basis
of conformance statements, testing and verification.
Owner: Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), a nonmembership standardization body. Contributors are individuals who
implicitly commit themselves by contributing without signing
any formal contract. IETF creates internet-related technical
standards, protocols, processes and non-normative informational content. IETF is backed by the Internet Society.
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Mode: Reasonable and
Non-Discriminatory (RAND), an IPR mode that allows owners
charging for use of essential patents, provided that the charge
is “reasonable” and “non-discriminatory.”
Current version and work in progress: BCP 14 was released
for unlimited distribution in March 1997. It is extremely undesirable to change this because so many normative texts across
IETF, W3C, OASIS and so on depend on the meaning of the
normative keywords as set out here.
BCP 47: Tags for Identifying Languages
Short Description: BCP 47 is a normative IETF track that
compiles recommendations on how to create a unique language
tag from codes defined in several other normative sources,
including ISO codes. It is frequently referenced by OASIS, Unicode and W3C standards.
39-42 Filip #133a.indd 39
Owner: IETF.
IPR Mode: RAND.
Current version and work in progress: RFC 5646 was
released for unlimited distribution in September 2009. BCP 47
is a persistent name that always points to the latest release, no
matter what the current RFC number. BCP 47 itself is stable,
which is important for backwards compatibility. New tags are
being continuously registered via registration authorities specified in the standard. Most current developments are connected
to BCP 47 extensions.
BCP 47 Extension T: Transformed Content
Short Description: Extension T is possible via the extensibility mechanism defined in BCP 47 (RFC 5646) itself.
Extension T has normative status within the Unicode Consortium, as it is being maintained as part of CLDR (see next
page), which is its major normative deliverable. This extension allows for additional tags specifying from which other
language, locale or script the content at hand had been
transformed. Extension T is not recommended for usage in
structured environments such as XML, where this type of
metadata can be specified using markup solutions rather
than a single text field. Note that Extension T is appending
the information about the originating language or locale
with a leading “t,” which means that the BCP tag starts
with the target locale and the source locale is appended.
This makes sense given the structure of BCP 47 tags, but
may be perceived as contrary to the customary listing order
of source and target languages, so “EN-t-IT,” for example,
actually means that the tagged content is English but was
transformed from Italian, not the other way around.
Owner: IETF, Unicode Consortium.
IPR Mode: RAND.
David Filip is the liaison officer, secretary and editor
of the XLIFF technical committee; cochair of W3C
MultilingualWeb-LT; XLIFF liaison at ULI;
and TAUS Standards Advisory Board member. This
Reader represents his expert opinion and does not
represent the position of any standardization body.
| 39
1/10/13 11:56 AM
Current version and work in progress: Informational RFC
6497, published in February 2012. Extension T is regularly
maintained as part of the CLDR release cycle.
BCP 47 Extension U: Unicode Locale Extension for BCP 47
Short Description: Extension U is possible via the extensibility mechanism defined in BCP 47 (RFC 5646) itself. It has
normative status within the Unicode Consortium as it is being
maintained as part of CLDR.
Owner: IETF, Unicode Consortium.
IPR Mode: RAND.
Current version and work in progress: Informational RFC
6067 was published in December 2010 and is maintained by the
Unicode Consortium as part of CLDR. Extension U is regularly
maintained as part of the CLDR release cycle.
CLDR
Short Description: Unicode Common Locale Data Repository,
http://cldr.unicode.org, is a standard repository of internationalization building blocks, such as date, time and currency formats,
sorting (collation) rules and so on. CLDR is not a standard in a
classical sense. It is, as the name suggests, a repository that is
being constantly updated and released on a rolling basis following its data release process.
Owner: Unicode Consortium.
IPR Mode: RAND.
Current version and work in progress: 22.1 was released
on October 26, 2012. Version 23 is to be released on March 15,
2013. The submission period for version 24 will start on February 1, 2013 and its release is currently planned for September
15, 2013.
Internationalization Tag Set (ITS)
Short Description: ITS 1.0 contains definitions of seven metadata categories primarily designed for internationalization of
XML content. As abstract data categories, ITS can also be implemented in non-XML environments. ITS 2.0 normatively specifies
usage of old and new ITS data categories for XML and HTML 5
content. The current ITS1.0 data categories are Translate (flag);
Localization Note (for alerts, hints, instructions); Terminology (to
identify terms and optionally provide pointers); Directionality
(manages left to right/right to left display behaviors of content
portions); Ruby (for East Asian specific annotations), Language
(Identifier); and Elements within Text (to encode segmentation).
Several new data categories have been specified for 2.0.
Owners of ITS decorated content want their internationalization and localization related metadata to inform the roundtrip
and return in a meaningfully processed state that allows for
drilling down into the process and for reconstructing the audit
trail. Localization workflow managers should pay attention to
information flows directed by the ITS data categories introduced
by their customers up in the tool chain.
Owner: MultilingualWeb-LT Working Group. The World Wide
Web Consortium (W3C) ITS Interest Group has been the informal
maintainer of ITS 1.0 after the original Working Group mandate
expired. However, it has never been entitled to make normative
changes to the specification. A new Working Group had to be
formed to commence work on the successor standard.
40
IPR Mode: Royalty Free (RF), an IPR mode that mandates
and guarantees royalty free use of essential patents in order to
implement a standard.
Current version and work in progress: The current version
is 1.0. The new major version 2.0 has been in the last call stage
in W3C since December 6, 2012, which means that stakeholders from the public can comment and ask the Working Group
to make changes. The MultilingualWeb-LT Working Group has
been chartered until the end of 2013, and accordingly ITS 2.0
is scheduled to become W3C Recommendation (the final W3C
standard) by the end of 2013. A task force of joint members of
MultilingualWeb-LT and the XLIFF technical committee (TC) is
working on a best practice for ITS 2.0 to XLIFF 1.2 and XLIFF
2.0 mapping. ITS 2.0 module and profile support is planned for
XLIFF 2.1.
Open Lexicon Interchange Format (OLIF)
Short Description: OLIF is a stable and relatively widely used
lexicon interchange format. It has a rich metadata structure and
allows for the exchange of complex lexicon entries for various
purposes, such as terminology management and MT. OLIF had
been designed for use in both monolingual and multilingual
context via cross-linking of “mono” elements.
Owner: OLIF Consortium, an ad hoc industry consortium
driven by SAP and set up in 2000.
IPR Mode: Unclear. The specifications and schemas are available for free, but no IPR mode seems to have been specified.
Current version and work in progress: Version 2.1 is current. Version 3 has been in Beta since 2008; no current work
seems to be under way.
TermBase eXchange (TBX)
Short Description: TBX is a family of XML-based terminology markup languages that should allow for lossless exchange
of terminology-related data and metadata. One of the more
lightweight versions known as TBX Basic is translation oriented,
and should readily facilitate terminology exchange during the
translation process. However, TBX can be considered technically incomplete as it does not provide its own XML schema that
could be used for validation. Moreover, TBX has been criticized
for industry disconnect, for being too heavy on one hand and
being too restrictive and not very well suitable for MT training
on the other. One of the reasons might be that TBX is supposed
to be a representation and exchange format for terminology,
but it has been struggling to define a minimum set of terminology metadata suitable for practical interchange in localization
context.
Owner: ETSI ISG LIS, an industry specification group that
was formed in the spring of 2011 within ETSI to take over the
LISA OSCAR standards portfolio, including related LISA intellectual property. ISO TC 37 was a copublisher with LISA.
IPR Mode: RF in the LISA published versions; Fair, Reasonable and Non-Discriminatory (FRAND) within ETSI; and RAND
within ISO.
Current version and work in progress: 2.0, ISO 30042:2008
is the current version. Based on a published executive summary
from November 2011, ETSI ISG LIS scheduled common work on
1/10/13 11:56 AM
the standard in a joint meeting with ISO TC 37 in Madrid in June
2012. Preparation of a liaison and copublication plan should be
in progress within ETSI ISG LIS. According to insiders, a Memorandum of Understanding was not formulated in Madrid.
Translation Memory eXchange (TMX)
Short Description: TMX has been arguably the most important
and most widely implemented localization standard format. TMX
is a simple XML vocabulary that was designed to preserve lossless
translation memory (TM) exchange. However, several obstacles
prevented TMX from reaching the set goal. Level 1 implementations are too low a common denominator to actually secure
lossless interoperability, because of segmentation differences (that
should in theory be addressed by SRX) and because of absence of
inline markup on level 1. Level 2 stipulates lossless exchange of
native inline codes that are however ignored by many tools and
encoded as abstract placeholders. TMX is now far behind industry
developments, but it will continue to be important for some time
as a legacy format, mainly for collecting MT training corpora
from legacy tools and repositories.
Owner: ETSI ISG LIS.
IPR Mode: RF in the LISA published versions, and FRAND.
Current version and work in progress: 1.4b is the current version. Based on the published executive summary from
November 2011, ETSI ISG LIS wishes to coordinate TMX 2.0
development with XLIFF 2.0 definition of inline markup codes.
Segmentation Rules eXchange (SRX)
Short Description: SRX is an XML vocabulary that facilitates
the exchange of segmentation rules between TMX compliant
systems. SRX’s relationship to Unicode is not a transparent one,
and SRX can be considered incomplete from the engineering
point of view. However, its proclaimed goal was not to provide a
set of segmentation rules for a number of languages, but rather
to provide a mechanism to exchange the rules to improve TMX
interoperability. TMX often fails to guarantee its targeted lossless transfer of TM data due to segmentation differences, chief
among other issues. The current SRX incarnation works on a
closed world assumption, meaning it recreates (and adapts) UAX
#29 rules. UAX #29 is referenced and its study encouraged but
the relationship is currently not a maintainable linkage. Based on
latest news from ETSI ISG LIS insiders, the developments of SRX
in 2012 have not led closer to UAX #29 linkage.
Interestingly, the SRX 1.0 specification contains an unintended ambiguity on precedence and cascading language
rules that lead to differing and (as a result) noninteroperable
implementations in computer-aided translation tools. SRX 2.0
resolves this issue by controlling it as an option.
Owner: ETSI ISG LIS and ISO TC 37/SC 4. The status of coownership is unclear, as there was no joint publication up to date
either with LISA or with ETSI ISG LIS, and also no memorandum
of understanding between the groups has been published so far.
IPR Mode: FRAND.
Current version and work in progress: Version 2.0 was
released by LISA OSCAR on April 7, 2008, and copublication
with ISO is pending. Based on the published executive summary
from November 2011, ETSI ISG LIS scheduled an SRX meeting
for March 2012. This meeting happened behind closed doors.
There are or should be dependencies with ULI, the Unicode
Localization Interoperability TC — see UAX #29.
Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm (UAX #9)
Short Description: Default text flow of Arabic and Hebrew
scripts is right to left. However, text written in these scripts
often contains portions with left-to-right directionality, such as
names of companies or products. That is why such text is called
bidirectional (bidi). Many characters have strong directionality
properties, but there are also characters with weak directionality
behavior and neutral characters whose directionality depends on
context. In practice, normally invisible control characters (markers) need to be used in order to encode bidi in plain text. Simply
said, UAX #9 is a detailed normative account of Unicode bidi
behavior (mainly) in plain text.
In theory, the characters that the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm makes use of to explicitly set text flow direction should
not be used within markup context. Instead, the bidirectional
flow control characters should be replaced with appropriate
markup controlling the text flow. In practice, many tools ignore
directionality markup and apply UAX #9 in full (including the
control characters) even in structured and markup environments.
IPR Mode: RAND.
Current version and work in progress: Revision 27 was
released on September 10, 2012. UAX #9 is being constantly
revised to be up to date with the Current Unicode release, and
www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/ links to the current official version.
Unicode Text Segmentation (UAX #29)
Short Description: Unicode Standard Annexes (UAX) are
persistent names that always point to the actual revision number. UAX #29 is the key normative source of segmentation rules.
Apart from sentence boundaries, which are most relevant for
computer-aided translation tools interoperability, it defines more
basic grapheme cluster and word boundaries. The segmentation
rules are given in more or less natural language as an inductive
succession of rules. The specification states itself that the same
set of rules can be given using regular expressions. Unfortunately, no finite set of regular expression-based rules can ensure
100% successful sentence segmentation of English text, the main
reason being the semantic ambiguity of the full stop. Apart from
closing sentences, the same character is being used for closing
abbreviations, decimal points and so on. Interestingly, in Hebrew
this problem virtually does not exist, as Hebrew does not overload the full stop with abbreviation function.
Although UAX #29 cannot possibly achieve completeness, it
is still beneficial to implement it as the basic set of rules, and
apply more fine-grained exception rules on top of it. The UAX
#29 default behavior should be improved hopefully within 2013
as a result of the ULI TC effort.
IPR Mode: RAND.
released for Unicode 6.2.0 on September 12, 2012. Some of
the future versions in 2013 could be updated as a result of ULI
| 41
1/10/13 11:56 AM
reviewing sentence boundary rules in production environments
in several major languages. www.unicode.org/reports/tr29 always
links to the current official version.
Unicode Standard
Short Description: Unicode is the core standard that allows
humanity to encode all written human languages for computer
use. Thousands of characters covering alphabetic, syllabic and
ideographic scripts are ordered in planes along with punctuation, control and private use characters. The Unicode standard
has been published since October 1991 and reached its sixth
major version in October 2010.
IPR Mode: RAND.
Current version and work in progress: Unicode 6.2.0 is
current. Individual characters, character groups and whole new
scripts continue to be added as per worldwide communities’
requirements. A series of minor revisions is to be expected within
the next couple of years. www.unicode.org/versions/latest links
to the current official version.
Unicode in XML and other Markup Languages (UTR #20)
Short Description: Unicode Technical Reports (UTR) are persistent names that always point to the actual revision. Unicode, as its
main target is plain text, contains many control, formatting and
other characters. This document gives a normative overview and
general guidelines of which characters should and should not be
used in markup context. In general, any Unicode character that is
XML illegal or would require additional metadata for interpretation
should come with a markup handling/replacement recommendation, or processing requirement. Authoring tools, XML editors
and browsers are generally encouraged to ignore inappropriate or
deprecated Unicode characters, so their preservation on crossing
of plain text/markup boundary will often lead to harmful loss of
data or metadata. In general, plain text is linear and requires special control characters or specific application behavior to encode
metadata and/or styling information that can be handled with
structured mark-up in XML or HTML environments.
Owner: Unicode Consortium and W3C (Internationalization
Core Working Group).
IPR Mode: RAND (Unicode) and RF (W3C).
Current version and work in progress: Revision 8 (Unicode)
was released as a W3C Working Group Note on May 16, 2007.
It will need to be republished for HTML 5, most probably with
minor changes.
Unicode Regular Expressions (UTS #18)
Short Description: Unicode Technical Standards (UTS) are persistent names that always point to the actual revision. UTS #18
gives general guidelines for regular expression engines how to
comply with Unicode standard. Three levels are specified, of which
two are default (one the minimum feasible for programmers, the
other more end-user friendly) and the finest is language specific.
IPR Mode: RAND.
released on July 17, 2012. www.unicode.org/reports/tr18 always
points to the current official version.
42
Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML or UTS
#35)
Short Description: This specifies an XML vocabulary for
encoding locale specific generic data categories — dates, amounts,
decimals, units of measure, currency symbols and so on. Its main
purpose is to enable the creation and maintenance of CLDR but
is also used directly in programming frameworks such as .NET.
IPR Mode: RAND.
Current version and work in progress: Version 22.1, Revision 29, was released on October 18, 2012. Work is being done
on version 23, Revision 30, with collation related changes.
XLIFF
Short Description: XLIFF is an open bitext format standard
and a powerful expressive XML vocabulary that facilitates endto-end localization process automation. Apart from core structural elements, it has inline markup and segmentation encoding
mechanisms, allows for generic file skeleton inclusion or referencing, fuzzy matching and glossary elements, project, tool,
and status metadata. Arguably only core structural elements
implementations are currently mature enough to facilitate plug
and play interoperability among competing tools, but there is
potential for widening the interoperable core and achieving
next level of interoperability with the major 2.0 version that
is the current work in progress in the XLIFF TC. XLIFF 2.0 is a
major localization standardization effort with wide and varied
representation of the industry.
Owner: OASIS XLIFF TC.
IPR Mode: RF on RAND.
Current version and work in progress: Version 1.2 was published as an OASIS standard in February 2008. The 2.0. Committee Specification should be exposed for public review within
the first quarter of 2013. The current editor’s draft is available at
https://tools.oasis-open.org/version-control/browse/wsvn/xliff/
trunk/xliff-20/xliff-core.pdf.
xml:tm
Short Description: xml:tm is a namespace application, which
means it is not designed to form independent documents that
could exist on its own. Instead, it is designed to be injected as
a relatively heavy explicit internationalization apparatus into
any well-formed XML document containing human readable
language. Unfortunately, it is hardly possible to call this specification a standard due to a very low number of implementations
— two, to be exact. The standard is being pushed by only one
company without wider industry consensus. It was developed by
XTM’s Andrzej Zydroń and donated to LISA, which published
it as an OSCAR standard in early 2007. Its failure to become an
actual standard should be a memento of the importance of broad
consensus building while creating industry standards.
Owner: ETSI ISG LIS.
IPR Mode: RF in LISA published versions and FRAND.
Current version and work in progress: Zydroń has exposed
the 2.0 version for public comment on XTM International’s web
page. Its ETSI status is unclear from publicly available sources. The
last version by LISA, 1.0, was released on February 26, 2007. M
1/10/13 11:56 AM
October 6-8, 2010
10-12 April 2013, Shangri-La Hotel, Singapore
12-14 June 2013, Hotel Novotel London West, London
Sponsorship and exhibit information available on request.
sponsors@localizationworld.com • exhibits@localizationworld.com
Localization World Conferences are produced by
43 LOC World #133a.indd 43
1/10/13 11:57 AM
I ndex : I ssues 125-132
A
ABBYY USA, acquires Connective Language Services, 131: 7
ABC Language Solutions, Inc., adds interpretation-by-phone service, 128: 11
Abreu, Litícia, 125: 9
Abreu, Nathalia, 132: 10
Accenture
“Industrializing the translation process”: Lori Thicke, 130: 22–23
Liegard, Michel-Etienne, interview with, 130: 22-23
ACCEPT, research project launched, 126: 7
Accessible Translation Solutions, recent industry hires: Meryem
Errouiam, 130: 8
Acclaro Inc.
recent industry hires
Ian Barrow, 127: 9
Jared Prichard, 131: 7
ACCURAT, 125: 30
Acrolinx GmbH
ACCEPT research project launched, 126: 7
Acrolinx 2.9, 131: 8
Acrolinx 2.10, 132: 9
opens new US headquarters in Denver, 130: 9
recent industry hires: PG Bartlett, 130: 9
Across Systems GmbH
Across Language Server 3.5, 130: 9
opens special business unit, 125: 8
“Adaptation in translation”: Mehdi Asadzadeh and Afaf Steiert, 127: 56
Adaptive Globalization Ltd, opens Berlin office, 131: 6
Adhikari, Sébastien, 127: 46
Admerix, updates website, 126: 6
“Adobe Flash localization”: Manish Kanwal and Akulaa Agarwal, 131:
56–60
Advanced International Translations
AnyCount v8.0, 130: 10
Projetex 9.1, 127: 10
Advanced Language Translation, Inc., opens office in New England, 126: 6
Advanced Localization Services, Arabic Language Services renamed, 127: 8
Afaf Translations, GSA contract, 128: 12
Affordable Language Services, recent industry hires: Brittany Winner,
Corinne Beiersdorfer Grandle, 131: 7
Africa
“Innovating in local languages for Africa”: Lori Thicke, 126: 14–17
“Out of Africa”: Terena Bell, 131: 14–15
Agarwal, Akulaa. See Kanwal, Manish, and Akulaa Agarwal
Agora, Aldior, 130: 8
Ait Ali, Yasmina, 127: 48
Akorbi Language Consulting, new Akorbi services address health care
reform, 129: 9
Albaglobal Ltd., recent industry hires: Aldior Agora, 130: 8
“Alchemy CATALYST 10”: reviewed by Thomas Waßmer, 130: 12–17
Alghamdi, Mansour, Mohamed Alkanhal and Faisal Alshuwaier:
“Language technology in Saudi Arabia,” 132: 29–33
Alkanhal, Mohamed. See Alghamdi, Mansour, Mohamed Alkanhal and
Faisal Alshuwaier
Almost Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Translation, 129: 9
Alshuwaier, Faisal. See Alghamdi, Mansour, Mohamed Alkanhal and
Faisal Alshuwaier
alternative media
“Localizing brand names”: Talia Baruch, 128: 40, 42
Amglish in, Like, Ten Easy Lessons: A Celebration of the New World Lingo,
Arthur E. Rowse: reviewed by Deborah Schaffer, 128: 17–19
Andrä AG
Ben Cornelius, 126: 6
Jella Eifler, 131: 7
Oliver Collmann, 125: 9
Andriesen, Simon: “Training health translators from scratch,” 130: 28–31
44
44-56 Index #133a.indd 44
animation
“Adobe Flash localization”: Manish Kanwal and Akulaa Agarwal,
131: 56–60
Ann, Catherine, 132: 10
“Anticipating the EU medical device e-labeling opportunity”: Kristen
Giovanis, 130: 47–48
AnyCount v8.0, 130: 10
Anzu Global LLC, recent industry hires: Jeanne Sharpe, 132: 10
App Review Translator, 132: 9
Applied Language Solutions, Capita Group buys, 126: 6
Arabic Language Services, renamed, 127: 8
Arancho Doc S.r.l.
Linguapool acquired by, 131: 6
Munich location, 127: 8
Danilo Monaco, 132: 10
Lea Backhurst, 131: 7
Argo Translation, Inc., ArgoMT, 126: 8
ArgoMT, 126: 8
Argos Translations Sp z o.o., recent industry hires: Rocio Cava, 125: 9
Asadzadeh, Mehdi, and Afaf Steiert: “Adaptation in translation,” 127: 56
Asia Online Pte Ltd.
and Janus collaborate, 126: 8
and VistaTEC partner, 127: 10
associations, organizations and institutions. See
Centre for Next Generation Localisation (CNGL)
Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz (DFKI)
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
Globalization and Localization Association (GALA)
International Medical Interpreters Association (IMIA)
Localisation Research Centre (LRC)
Localization Industry Standards Association (LISA)
Localization/Translation and Authoring Consortium (LTAC)
Organization for Advancement of Structured Information Standards
(OASIS)
TAUS Data Association (TDA)
Translators without Borders (TWB)
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
Atelier Convivialité, WTIpress, 125: 9
ATRIL, TEAMserver 2, 129: 9
ATRIL/PowerLing
Déjà Vu X2 updated, 129: 10
Machine Translation Module, 130: 10
partners with Plunet, 129: 10
Author-it Software Corporation, Author-it Cloud, 126: 8
“The automated interpreter”: Hassan Sawaf and Jonathan Litchman, 125:
22–24
automatic speech recognition (ASR)
“The automated interpreter”: Hassan Sawaf and Jonathan Litchman,
125: 22–24
“Automating Intel’s multilingual chat”: Lori Thicke, 125: 14–16
“Automating Toshiba user documentation”: Patrik Indola, 129: 39–40
“Avoiding choice overload”: Terena Bell, 129: 18–19
Azoubel, Mariel, 130: 8
Aziz, Wilker: PET: Post-Editing Tool, 130: 10
B
Babel No More, Michael Erard: reviewed by Nataly Kelly, 127: 12–13
Backhurst, Lea, 131: 7
Banks, Thomas: Capti, review, 126: 12–13
Baraona, Hector, 127: 9
Barreau, Jacques: “Language dubbing for emerging markets,” 131: 21–24
Barrow, Ian, 127: 9
Bartle, Richard, 128: 26
Bartlett, PG, 130: 9
Baruch, Talia
“Crafting a request for proposal,” 129: 36–38
1/10/13 11:58 AM
“Localizing brand names,” 128: 40, 42
“Localizing worldwide mobile apps,” 125: 44–46
Basic terminology, 126: 49–50; 127: 57–58; 128: 49–50; 129: 49–50;
130: 49–50; 131: 61–62; 132: 49–50
Basis Technology Corp., establishes European headquarters, 128: 9
Bass, Scott, 129: 20
Bateman, Ben: “Localizing the whole living story,” 128: 32–34
Beare, Mark, 125: 50
Becker, Benjawan Poomsan: The Interpreter’s Journal, reviewed by Nancy
A. Locke, 125: 12–13
Bell, Terena, 132: 47
“Avoiding choice overload,” 129: 18–19
“Better business through transparency,” 130: 26–27
“Green translations,” 127: 23–25
“How the Occupy movement affects language business,” 128: 22–23
“Out of Africa,” 131: 14–15
“Tapping into the macrotrends,” 126: 22–23
“Untangling the deemed export mess,” 132: 16–17
Bellos, David: Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, reviewed by Nancy A. Locke,
126: 10–11
Beninatto, Renato, 125: 9
Benterki, Ouafa, 132: 27
Benyacar, Ludmila Lococo, 126: 6
Berard, Stephani: Capti, reviewed by Thomas Banks, 126: 12–13
Bernal-Merino, Miguel Á., 128: 9
Berthelot, Hannah: “Gender bias and project management,” 132: 45–48
“Better business through transparency”: Terena Bell, 130: 26–27
“Biblically speaking”: John Freivalds, 126: 20–21
Bishop, Robert, 130: 8
Blau, Adam, 126: 6
Boehme, Ulrich, 126: 6
Boffin Technologies Ltd., recent industry hires: Richard Shi, 127: 9
Bonet, Josep, 129: 47
Botkin, Katie: MOX: Illustrated Guide to Freelance Translation, review,
131: 10–11
Branca, Fabio: “Cultural awareness and userization in Latin America,”
129: 32–35
branding, global
“Cultural awareness and userization in Latin America”: Fabio
Branca, 129: 32–35
“Social media’s place in global online strategy”: Benjamin B.
Sargent, 128: 41
Brändle, Diana, letter to editor, 129: 7
Brandon, Laura, 132: 10
Braselman, Jim, 131: 7
BRIC, 131: 25, 34
Bridgeline Digital, iAPPS v4.7, 125: 10
Brink, Julie: “Planning game-based learning,” 128: 35–38
Bromberg & Associates, LLC, recent industry hires: Kelsi Parenteau, 126: 6
Brookes, Tim: “Documenting endangered alphabets,” 131: 16–20
Brown, Meta S.: “Cross-lingual text analytics: a new frontier in
linguistics,” 125: 41–43
“Building communities for collaborative translation”: Lori Thicke, 127: 20–22
Bujold, Alexandre, 127: 48
Bulloff, Jordan, 125: 9
Burgett, Will, interview with, 125: 14–16
Burkinski, Pérsio, 129: 29
business
“Conveying a passion: Translating sports in Brazil”: Madalena
Sánchez Zampaulo, 129: 28–30
“Crafting a request for proposal”: Talia Baruch, 129: 36–38
“Crowdsourcing your localization testing”: Doron Reuveni, 125: 47–50
Branca, 129: 32–35
“Emerging new markets”: Christopher S. Carter, 131: 25–28
“Gender bias and project management”: Hannah Berthelot, 132: 45–48
“A global web presence so healthy . . . it shines?”: Nataly Kelly, 129:
24–27
“How the Occupy movement affects language business”: Terena Bell,
128: 22–23
“Localizing e-learning for emerging economies”: Andrea
Edmundson, 131: 34–36
“Managing a translator database”: Daniel B. Harcz, 125: 58
“Marketing in Latin America under budget constraints”: Karen
Netto, 129: 20–23
“The rise of CIVETS economies”: Gary Muddyman, 131: 30–33
“Six tips for market entry success in the Middle East”: Rebecca Ray,
132: 24
“Ten essential steps to TMS selection for LSPs”: Benjamin B. Sargent
and Vijayalaxmi Hegde, 125: 35–40
Bynum, Justin, 132: 10
Byte Level Research, Web Globalization Report Card, 126: 7
C
Calilhanna, Marianne, 127: 9
Cambridge University Press, publishes book on global e-business, 126: 7
Canadian Translators, Terminologists and Interpreters Council, new
educational website for language professionals, 126: 7
Cantournet, Genséric, 129: 6
Capti, Stephani Berard: reviewed by Thomas Banks, 126: 12–13
Cárdenas, Michael
“HP travels toward machine translation,” 127: 7
“Taking back your clients,” 128: 58
Carrasco-Benitez, Tomas, 129: 47
Carter, Christopher S.
“Emerging new markets,” 131: 25–28
“Gamification is serious business,” 128: 24–27
Castro, A. Dwight, letter to editor, 131: 6
Cava, Rocio, 125: 9
Cavalitto, Enrique: “The translation center behind Translators without
Borders,” 125: 31–34
Ccaps Translation and Localization
Kontax news service translated by industry companies, 126: 8
redesigns website, logo, 126: 6
Central and Eastern Europe (CEE)
“Challenges to CEE economies”: Thomas Patrick Gilmartin, 126: 24–29
“Life sciences: Localization into Russian and Ukrainian”: Andrey
Ruban and Iryna Pigovska, 126: 40–42
“LSPs in Central and Eastern Europe”: Rebecca Ray, 126: 47
“Regulatory translations in CEE”: Libor Safar, 126: 44–46
“Translating the Baltic languages”: Asta Rusakavičienė and Rasa
Kriaučionytė, 126: 34–38
“Traversing the Eastern ‘block’ with translation tools”: Michal
Küfhaber and An Stuyven, 126: 30–33
Central Translations, TranslateMedia acquires, 125: 9
Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Perso-Arabic Language
Suite, 129: 9
Centre for Next Generation Localisation (CNGL), 127: 32
commercialization fund project, 130: 8
recent industry hires: Qun Liu, 132: 10
Centrum Lokalizacji C&M Sp. z o.o.
Sébastien Jottard, 129: 8
Wiktoria Miller, 127: 9
relocates headquarters, 131: 7
Robotics Glossary, 129: 10
Cesano, Carina, 130: 8
CETRA, Inc.
acquires International Language Solutions, 127: 8
new San Diego location for, 131: 6
Service Centre in Ireland, 126: 6
“The challenge of outsourcing across cultures”: John Freivalds, 130:
24–25
| 45
1/10/13 11:58 AM
Chandler, Brian. See Melby, Alan, Brian Chandler and Arle Lommel
Cherokee syllabary, 125: 48, 131: 19
Chomsky, Noam, 132: 45
Choudhury, Rahzeb: “Interoperability and ubiquity,” 127: 42–45
Christaki, Catherine, 128: 23
CIVETS, 131: 30
Clay Tablet Technologies, Sitecore Connector 3.5, 131: 8
CLDR. See Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR)
Clear Words Translations, recent industry hires: Carina Casano, 130: 8
“Cloud computing, SaaS and translation tools”: Andrzej Zydroń, 125: 20–21
CloudLingual, 128: 12
Cloudwords, Inc.
GlobalEnglish selects, 125: 10
glossary management and translation, 131: 8
CLS Communication AG, celebrates 15th year, 131: 8
CNGL. See Centre for Next Generation Localisation (CNGL)
Collmann, Oliver, 125: 9
Colón, Elizabeth: Found in Translation: How Language Shapes Our Lives
and Transforms the World, review, 130: 18–19
Colquhoun, Helen. See Safar, Libor, Helen Colquhoun and Cheryl Hill
Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), 127: 31
Common Sense Advisory, Inc.
and Translators without Borders study results, 129: 9
“How to Craft a Multilingual Web Strategy,” 125: 9
report on centralizing language services, 126: 7
reports, 128: 10
reports detail study on translation request for proposals, 131: 6
research says 21 languages needed to reach 90% of online
audiences, 130: 8
TMS Live, 126: 7
translation pricing reports, 132: 8
“Comparative cultural values”: Kate Edwards, 125: 18–19
computer-assisted translation (CAT)
“Cloud computing, SaaS and translation tools”: Andrzej Zydroń,
125: 20–21
conferences
The Game Developer Conference (GDC) (March 5-9, 2012), 128: 8–9
Localization World Paris (4-6 June 2012), 129: 6
Localization World Seattle (October 17-19, 2012), 132: 6–7
Container Project, 129: 47
content management system (CMS)
“Linport addresses translation package compatibility”: Alan Melby,
Brian Chandler and Arle Lommel, 129: 39–44
CONTRAD
adds voiceover service, 126: 8
new look and move, 125: 8
“Conveying a passion: Translating sports in Brazil”: Madalena Sánchez
Zampaulo, 129: 28–30
Cools, Rob: “Web vs. social web,” 126: 58
Copeland, Patrick, 125: 49
Cornelius, Ben, 126: 6
Côté, Fabien, 127: 48
“Cross-lingual text analytics: a new frontier in linguistics”: Meta S.
Brown, 125: 41–43
Crystal Hues Limited, Kontax news service translated by industry
companies, 126: 8
Csikszentmihályi, Mihaly, 128: 25
CSOFT International, Ltd.
TermWiki Mobile for Android, 126: 7
TermWiki Pro, 125: 10
TermWiki Widget, TermWiki Mobile 2.0 for Android, 129: 9
“Cultural awareness and userization in Latin America”: Fabio Branca,
129: 32–35
“Cultural standards”: Kate Edwards, 127: 18–19
culture
46
“The challenge of outsourcing across cultures”: John Freivalds, 130: 24–25
Branca, 129: 32–35
“Cyprus — a dividing issue”: Kate Edwards, 126: 18–19
“Dealing with regime change”: Kate Edwards, 132: 14–15
“Depicting the Falklands/Malvinas”: Kate Edwards, 129: 14–15
“Fiji, first to greet the new year, brings linguistic diversity to
tourists,” 125: 7
“Hand gestures”: Kate Edwards, 130: 20–21
“Inclusion and exclusion”: Kate Edwards, 131: 12–13
The Interpreter’s Journal, Benjawan Poomsan Becker: reviewed
by Nancy A. Locke, 125: 12–13
“Localization lessons from intercultural mentoring”: Mimi Hills,
132: 25–28
“The spatialization of information”: Kate Edwards, 128: 20–21
“Understanding the orality of Arabic culture”: Khaled Islaih, 132: 18–20
CULTURETRANSLATE GmbH, Dublin office location, 130: 9
D
DADAN Translations, relocates headquarters, 132: 8
Darwish, Ali, 132: 22
de Swaan, Abram, 132: 42
deemed export, 132: 16
Déjà Vu X2, 129: 10
Dennett, Daniel C., 132: 45
DePalma, Donald A.: “Language technology standards should support
entire supply chain,” 127: 40
Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz (DFKI), 127: 32
DFKI. See Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz (DFKI)
Díaz, Daiana, 126: 6
“Dilemmas of the diaspora”: John Freivalds, 129: 16–17
Diskusija UAB, moves headquarters, 132: 8
“Do-it-yourself MT”: Anna Simpkins, 129: 41–44
“Documenting endangered alphabets”: Tim Brookes, 131: 16–20
Dombek, Magdalena, 131: 51
Donaldson, Bob, 130: 26
“XTRF 2.5,” review, 127: 14–17
Donato, Thiana, 129: 30
Doucet, Maude, 127: 47
Drobnik KG, Linguan, 125: 10
Drummond, Ariana, 131: 7
dubbing
“Language dubbing for emerging markets”: Jacques Barreau, 131: 21–24
Duran, Christine, 132: 26
Durban, Chris, 129: 21
E
e-labeling
“Language requirements for EU medical device labels”: Libor Safar,
Helen Colquhoun and Cheryl Hill, 130: 43–46
e-learning
Echo International, recent industry hires: Hector Baraona, 127: 9
economics
eCPD Webinars, recent industry hires: Maia Figueroa, 129: 8
Edmundson, Andrea: “Localizing e-learning for emerging economies,”
131: 34–36
Edwards, Kate, 128: 9, 132: 25
1/10/13 11:58 AM
“Comparative cultural values,” 125: 18–19
“Cultural standards,” 127: 18–19
“Cyprus — a dividing issue,” 126: 18–19
“Dealing with regime change,” 132: 14–15
“Depicting the Falklands/Malvinas,” 129: 14–15
“Hand gestures,” 130: 20–21
“Inclusion and exclusion,” 131: 12–13
“The spatialization of information,” 128: 20–21
Eifler, Jella, 131: 7
Elanex, Inc., expressIt, 129: 10
Element Language Technology, TERRA TMS, 132: 9
emerging markets
endangered alphabets
Enfield, N.J., 132: 45
ENLASO Corporation, partners with Internationalization Labs, 125: 10
Enterprise Innovators
“Building communities for collaborative translation”: Lori Thicke,
127: 20–22
“Twitter’s 400,000 Translators”: Lori Thicke, 132: 12–13
environmental management certification
“Green translations”: Terena Bell, 127: 23–25
Erard, Michael: Babel No More, reviewed by Nataly Kelly, 127: 12–13
Errouiam, Meryem, 130: 8
ES Ltd., redesigns website, 128: 9
ethnocomputing, 132: 19
ETSI. See European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
e2f translations, inc.
opens voiceover studio in California, 129: 8
recent industry hires: Michel Lopez, Julien Gaulon-Brain, 128: 10
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), 127: 34, 38
euroscript International S.A., chooses Interverbum Technology, 132: 10
Eurozone
Evans, Matt, 125: 50
expressIt, 129: 10
F
Feldmann, Lilian, 132: 10
Fenstermacher, Hans, 132: 10
Figueroa, Maia, 129: 8
“Fiji, first to greet the new year, brings linguistic diversity to tourists,” 125: 7
Filip, David
“Localization for the long tail: Part 1,” 131: 51–55
“Localization for the long tail: Part 2,” 132: 34–38
“The localization standards ecosystem,” 127: 29–36
Flavius, 131: 8
Fluency Collaboration Server, 127: 9
Folio Online, recent industry hires: Anja Müller, 126: 6
Foreign Staffing, Inc., recent industry hires: Alix Rifareal, 126: 6
Foreign Translations, Inc., Foreign Staffing partners with Allied
International, 128: 12
Found in Translation: How Language Shapes Our Lives and Transforms
the World, Nataly Kelly and Jost Zetzsche: reviewed by Elizabeth
Colón, 130: 18–19
Fountoukidis, Kevin, and Nadége Young: “Perception versus reality in
medical translation,” 130: 32–34
Freivalds, John
“Biblically speaking,” 126: 20–21
“The challenge of outsourcing across cultures,” 130: 24–25
“Dilemmas of the diaspora,” 129: 16–17
Freville, Jim, 130: 9
“From desk to booth — TMs for interpreters”: Anja Rütten, 128: 43–48
G
GALA. See Globalization and Localization Association (GALA)
Galindo Publicidad, Inc., expands operations, 132: 8
Gallo, Sofia, 131: 7
Game Developer Conference (GDC)
“GDC 2012 (March 5-9) increases localization focus”: Aaron
Schliem, 128: 8–9
Gameloji, game localization, 128: 11
games
“Gamification is serious business”: Christopher S. Carter, 128: 24–27
“Localizing the whole living story”: Ben Bateman, 128: 32–34
“Planning game-based learning”: Julie Brink, 128: 35–38
“Tips on audio localization: synthetic vs. real voices”: Ben Warren,
128: 28–31
“Gamification is serious business”: Christopher S. Carter, 128: 24–27
Ganz, Daniel, 129: 8
Garibay, Griselda, 125: 33
Gaulon-Brain, Julien, 128: 10
Gauthier, François: Objectif clients: Un guide pour traducteurs et autres
travailleurs autonomes du domaine langagier, reviewed by Nancy
A. Locke, 129: 12–13
GDC. See Game Developer Conference (GDC)
“GDC 2012 (March 5-9) increases localization focus”: Aaron Schliem,
128: 8–9
“Gender bias and project management”: Hannah Berthelot, 132: 45–48
Gengo, Inc., rebrand, partner program, 130: 9
Giacopini, Amanda, 131: 7
Gikunda, Denis, interview with, 126: 14–17
Gilmartin, Thomas Patrick: “Challenges to CEE economies,” 126: 24–29
Giovanis, Kristen: “Anticipating the EU medical device e-labeling
opportunity,” 130: 47–48
Global Language Solutions, Inc.
expands, 125: 8
Global Lingo Ltd.
Fiona Lindley, 125: 9
Holly Harvey, 127: 9
global syntax, website, services, 127: 8
24–27
GlobalEnglish Corporation, selects Cloudwords, 125: 10
globalization
24–27
“Localization: The global pyramid capstone”: Richard Sikes, 131: 43–48
Globalization and Localization Association (GALA), 129: 47
recent industry hires: Hans Fenstermacher, Laura Brandon, 132: 10
Globalization Partners International
RightNow CX Suite Connector, 126: 8
Translation Services Connector, 131: 8
GlobalVision International, Inc., CloudLingual, 128: 12
Globalyzer
4.0, 128: 11
4.1, 130: 10
glocalization
Branca, 129: 32–35
Goldschmidt, Daniel: “Sharing the luck,” 129: 58
Google
Gikunda, Denis, interview with, 126: 14–17
Google Translator Toolkit, 126: 14
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1/10/13 11:58 AM
Gouadec, Daniel, 129: 13
Grandle, Corinne Beiersdorfer, 131: 7
Grebisz, Chris, 126: 6
Grillo, Vanessa, 127: 9
Gross, Andreas, 129: 8
“The growing market of global information consumers”: Benjamin B.
Sargent, 131: 49–50
Guillemin, Patrick, and Sandrine Trillaud: “What has become of
LISA’s OSCAR standards?”, 127: 38–39, 41
Guionie, Isabelle, 127: 9
H
Hale, Anita, 131: 7
Hall, William Spencer, 130: 10
Harcz, Daniel B.: “Managing a translator database,” 125: 58
Harvey, Holly, 127: 9
Headen, Jay, 130: 9
Hegde, Vijayalaxmi
See Ray, Rebecca, and Vijayalaxmi Hegde
See Sargent, Benjamin B., and Vijayalaxmi Hegde
Heh, Winnie, 127: 9
Henderson, Françoise, 130: 8
Herranz, Manuel, 129: 41
Hewlett-Packard
“HP travels toward machine translation”: Michael Cárdenas, 127: 7
Hill, Cheryl. See Safar, Libor, Helen Colquhoun and Cheryl Hill
Hills, Mimi: “Localization lessons from intercultural mentoring,” 132:
25–28
hiSoft Technology International Ltd., acquires Logoscript, 128: 9
Hoar, Tom, 129: 41
Hornet Design Studio, relocates, 125: 9
“How Buyers Use Translation Management Systems: What Vendors Need
to Know about Enterprise TMS Implementations,” report, 128: 10
“How the Occupy movement affects language business”: Bell,
Terena, 128: 22–23
“How to choose a translation vendor”: Madalena Sánchez Zampaulo,
127: 52–55
“How to Win the Requests for Proposals that Matter Most,” report, 131: 6
“How to Write Translation Requests for Proposals,” report, 131: 6
HT Localization, LLC
expands to northern California, 128: 10
Language Translations for Real Life blog series, 130: 8
Hurskainen, Arvi: “Quality Swahili machine translation,” 131: 39–42
I
iAPPS v4.7, 125: 10
ICU. See International Components for Unicode (ICU)
iDISC Information Technologies, L.S., celebrates 25 years, 132: 10
IMIA. See International Medical Interpreters Association (IMIA)
IMTT, recent industry hires: Robert Bishop, 130: 8
In Every Language
partners with ODVN, ApexTra, 132: 10
partners with WEConnect International, 126: 8
recent industry hires: Abigail Thompson, 131: 7
IN! See Interoperability Now! (IN!)
Indola, Patrik: “Automating Toshiba user documentation,” 129: 39–40
Industry Specification Group (ISG), 127: 38
Intel
Burgett, Will, interview with, 125: 14–16
“International branding errors cause trouble”: Jeff Williams, 127: 66
International Components for Unicode (ICU), 127: 29
48
International Language Center, recent industry hires: Anita Hale, Megan
Senseney, 131: 7
International Language Solutions, CETRA acquires, 127: 8
International Medical Interpreters Association (IMIA), launches the
Language Access Leadership Academy, 130: 6–7
internationalization
Internationalization Dashboard, 129: 10
Internationalization Labs, LLC, partners with ENLASO, 125: 10
“Interoperability and ubiquity”: Rahzeb Choudhury, 127: 42–45
Interoperability Now! (IN!), 129: 47
interpretation
125: 22–24
The Interpreter’s Journal, Benjawan Poomsan Becker: reviewed by
Nancy A. Locke, 125: 12–13
The Interpreter’s Journal, Benjawan Poomsan Becker: reviewed by Nancy
A. Locke, 125: 12–13
Interverbum Technology
euroscript chooses, 132: 10
GALA Model Service Elements project to use TermWeb, 126: 8
interviews
127: 20–22
InText Translation Company: EN 15038 and ISO 9001:2008 certification,
130: 10
“Is our industry still cold to user experience?”: Ultan Ó Broin, 130: 58
Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, David Bellos: reviewed by Nancy A. Locke,
126: 10–11
ISG. See Industry Specification Group (ISG)
Islaih, Khaled: “Understanding the orality of Arabic culture,” 132: 18–20
ISO TC 37, 127: 34
ISO/TS 11669, 129: 46
J
Jacquemond, Richard, 132: 19
and Asia Online collaborate, 126: 8
recent industry hires: Ulrich Boehme, 126: 6
Jensen Localization, relocates Spanish office, 126: 6
Jimenez-Crespo, Miguel A., 131: 51
Jodoin, André, 127: 47
John Benjamins Publishing Company, revised edition of translation
book, 130: 8
Jones, Nicholas, 128: 10
Jottard, Sébastien, 129: 9
K
Kamande, Peter, 131: 37
Kanwal, Manish, and Akulaa Agarwal: “Adobe Flash localization,” 131:
56–60
Kawamura, Hiroe, 132: 10
Keeping it Legal — Language and Accessibility Compliance Services, 130: 10
Kelly, Nataly
Babel No More, review, 127: 12–13
“A global web presence so healthy . . . it shines?”, 129: 24–27
Kelly, Nataly, and Jost Zetzsche: Found in Translation: How Language
Shapes Our Lives and Transforms the World, reviewed by Elizabeth
Colón, 30: 18–19
KERN AG, branch office in Austria, 130: 9
memoQ 6, 130: 10
memoQ GamesLoc, 131: 8
qTerm 2, 127: 10
1/10/13 11:58 AM
recent industry hires: Bernardo Manuel Pereira dos Santos, 130: 8
TALK finance selects, 131: 8
Kim, Charlie, 128: 26
King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), 132: 29
Kinsey, Simon, 126: 6
Klein, Scott, 130: 8
Kleinbaum, Michael, 126: 6
Kontax, news service translated by industry companies, 126: 8
Kriaučionytė, Rasa. See Rusakavičienė, Asta and Rasa Kriaučionytė
Küfhaber, Michal, and An Stuyven: “Traversing the Eastern ‘block’ with
translation tools,” 126: 30–33
Kvaavik, Kaarina, 128: 10
L
Lacey, Sarah, 132: 41
Langenberg, Doris, 129: 8
Language Connect, opens office in New York City, 129: 8
Language I/O LLC, recent industry hires: Kaarina Kvaavik, 128: 10
Language Line Services, Inc.
AT&T mobile interpretation service powered by, 129: 10
Scott Klein, 130: 8
Winnie Heh, 127: 9
Language Line Translation Solutions, Lingo Systems now Language Line
Translation Solutions, 127: 8
“Language on the web”: Christian Lieske, 131: 70
language proficiency
“Language requirements for EU medical device labels”: Libor Safar, Helen
Colquhoun and Cheryl Hill, 130: 43–46
Language Services Associates, Inc.
LSA Video, 125: 9
recent industry hires: Jim Freville, Jay Headen, 130: 9
“Language technology in Saudi Arabia”: Mansour Alghamdi, Mohamed
Alkanhal and Faisal Alshuwaier, 132: 29–33
“Language technology standards should support entire supply chain”:
Donald A. DePalma, 127: 40
Language Translations for Real Life, 130: 8
languages, natural
Arabic
“Language technology in Saudi Arabia”: Mansour Alghamdi,
Mohamed Alkanhal and Faisal Alshuwaier, 132: 29–33
132: 25–28
“Right-to-left localization for mobile devices”: Amr Zaki, 132:
34–38
“Understanding the orality of Arabic culture”: Khaled Islaih, 132:
18–20
Hebrew
“Right-to-left localization for mobile devices”: Amr Zaki, 132: 34–38
Latin
Latvian
Lithuanian
Russian
Spanish, Latin American
Netto, 129: 20–23
Swahili
“Quality Swahili machine translation”: Arvi Hurskainen, 131: 39–42
Ukrainian
Latin America
Branca, 129: 32–35
24–27
Netto, 129: 20–23
Latitudes, Inc.
recent industry hires: Raymond Reyes, 125: 9
Virtual Sales Manager program, 129: 9
learning content management systems (LCMS), 128: 28
Lecture Translation, 129: 9
Lee, Koeun, 129: 8
LetsMT!, 125: 27– 29
Lexcelera
redesigns website, 127: 8
wins BNP Paribas contract, 125: 10
Lexika s.r.o., ISO 9001 certification, 130: 10
Lido-Lang Technical Translations, project management outsourcing, 129: 10
Liegard, Michel-Etienne, interview with, 130: 22–23
Lieske, Christian: “Language on the web,” 131: 70
“Life sciences: Localization into Russian and Ukrainian”: Andrey Ruban
and Iryna Pigovska, 126: 40–42
Lima, Luiza, 128: 10
Lindley, Fiona, 125: 9
Lindner, Oliver, 128: 10
Lingo Systems, now Language Line Translation Solutions, 127: 8
Lingoport, Inc.
Copyright Clearance Center internationalization case study, 130: 8
Globalyzer
4.0, 128: 11
4.1, 130: 10
Internationalization Dashboard, 129: 10
recent industry hires: Adam Blau, Spencer Thomas, 126: 6
white paper and case study, 125: 9
Lingotek
teams with Science Applications International Corp., 129: 10
Translation Marketplace, 130: 10
Linguan, 125: 10
LinguaNext, Inc.
Linguify.Mobile, Linguify.Cloud, 132: 9
Linguify.Oracle, 131: 8
Linguaserve Internacionalización de Servicios, S.A, EDI-TA research and
development project on post-editing, 128: 10
LinguaSys, Inc., teams with Salesforce.com, 132: 10
Linguify.Cloud, 132: 9
Linguify.Mobile, 132: 9
Linguify.Oracle, 131: 8
linguistics
Brown, 125: 41–43
“Linport addresses translation package compatibility”: Alan Melby, Brian
Chandler and Arle Lommel, 129: 45–48
LIS. See Localisation Industry Standards (LIS)
LISA. See Localization Industry Standards Association (LISA)
Litchman, Jonathan. See Sawaf, Hassan, and Jonathan Litchman
Liu, Qun, 132: 10
Lizzi, Lucas, 131: 7
Localisation Industry Standards (LIS), 127: 38
Localisation Research Centre (LRC), 127: 33
localization
“Adobe Flash localization”: Manish Kanwal and Akulaa Agarwal,
131: 56–60
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24–27
“The growing market of global information consumers”: Benjamin
B. Sargent, 131: 49–50
“Innovating in local languages for Africa”: Lori Thick, 126: 14–17
“Localization for the long tail: Part 1”: David Filip, 131: 51–55
“Localization lessons from intercultural mentoring”: Mimi Hills, 132:
25–28
“The localization standards ecosystem”: David Filip, 127: 29–36
“Localizing worldwide mobile apps”: Talia Baruch, 125: 44–46
“Machine translation for less-resourced languages”: Andrejs
Vasiļjevs and Indra Sāmı̄te, 125: 25–30
“Tips on audio localization: synthetic vs. real voices”: Ben Warren,
128: 28–31
Localization Industry Standards Association (LISA), 127: 31, 38, 40
“Localization lessons from intercultural mentoring”: Mimi Hills, 132: 25–28
Localization LLC Translations, opens Boston offices, 132: 8
Localization Strategies for Global e-Business, Nitish Singh, 126: 7
Localization Summit, 128: 9
Localization/Translation and Authoring Consortium (LTAC), 129: 47
Localization World Paris 2012 looks to the mobile world, 129: 6
Localization World Seattle 2012 held October 17-19, 132: 6–7
“Localizing e-learning for emerging economies”: Andrea Edmundson,
131: 34–36
Locke, Nancy A.
The Interpreter’s Journal, review, 125: 12–13
Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, review, 126: 10–11
Objectif clients: Un guide pour traducteurs et autres travailleurs
autonomes du domaine langagier, review, 129: 12–13
“Perspectives from translation program graduates,” 127: 46–48
Logoscript, S.L., hiSoft acquires, 128: 9
Lommel, Arle. See Melby, Alan, Brian Chandler and Arle Lommel
Lopez, Michel, 128: 10
LRC. See Localisation Research Centre (LRC)
LSA Video, 125: 9
“LSPs in Central and Eastern Europe”: Rebecca Ray, 126: 47
LTAC. See Localization/Translation and Authoring Consortium (LTAC)
LTAC Global, 129: 48
LTC
LTC Worx 2.5, 132: 9
terminology management service, 125: 10
Luppi, Marcela, 127: 9
LUZ, Inc., recent industry hires: Jennifer Perkins, 131: 7
M
Mabrouk, Wael, 127: 9
machine translation (MT)
50
125: 22–24
hybrid, 125: 23
“Machine translation for less-resourced languages”: Andrejs Vasiļjevs
and Indra Sāmı̄te, 125: 25–30
Macro/Micro
“Avoiding choice overload”: Terena Bell, 129: 18–19
“How the Occupy movement affects language business”: Terena Bell,
128: 22–23
“Tapping into the macrotrends”: Terena Bell, 126: 22–23
“Untangling the deemed export mess”: Terena Bell, 132: 16–17
MadCap Software, Inc., and Technical Communities sign agreement, 127:10
Mao, Haijun (Jason), 128: 10
Mariniello, Elanna. See Steiert, Afaf, Matthias Steiert and Elanna Mariniello
marketing
“Web vs. social web”: Rob Cools, 126: 58
“Marketing in Latin America under budget constraints”: Karen Netto,
129: 20–23
Martins, Fábio, 125: 9
Maslow, Abraham, 128: 26
McNair, Steven, 128: 10
MED. See Multilingual Electronic Dossier (MED)
medical
“Medical translations for minority languages”: Sarah Teigen, 131: 37–38
“Perception versus reality in medical translation”: Kevin
Fountoukidis and Nadége Young, 130: 32–34
“A quick look at translation metrics for health care buyers”: Rebecca
Ray and Vijayalaxmi Hegde, 130: 36
“Statistics as a medical translation specialization”: Luciana Cecilia
Ramos, 130: 37–42
“Training health translators from scratch”: Simon Andriesen, 130: 28–31
Meedan, 132: 23
Melby, Alan, Brian Chandler and Arle Lommel: “Linport addresses
translation package compatibility,” 129: 45–48
“memoQ 5.0”: reviewed by Angelika Zerfaß, 128: 13–16
memoQ 6, 130: 10
memoQ GamesLoc, 131: 8
MemSource Cloud, 125: 10
MemSource Technologies
and Plunet partner technology, 129: 10
and XTRF combine technology, 129: 10
MemSource Cloud updates, 125: 10
Mendoza, Soledad, 126: 6
mergers and acquisitions
CETRA, Inc., acquires International Language Solutions, 127: 8
TranslateMedia acquires Central Translations, 125: 9
Welocalize completes Park IP Translations merger, 127: 8
1/10/13 11:58 AM
Merrill Brink International, opens regional hub in Hong Kong, 132: 8
META-NET, 125: 30
Metaphrasis Language & Cultural Solutions, LLC
adds video interpreting services, 128: 12
partnership develops new service, 130: 10
Microsoft Corporation, Microsoft Translator Hub, 127: 10
Middle East
132: 25–28
“Six tips for market entry success in the Middle East”: Rebecca Ray,
132: 24
“Translation and social media in the Middle East”: Afaf Steiert,
Matthias Steiert and Elanna Mariniello, 132: 21–23
Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI), 132: 21
Milengo Ltd.
enterprise machine translation and post-editing solutions, 127: 10
recent industry hires: Britta Weber, 130: 8
Miller, Wiktoria, 127: 9
Mini-site Translation Package, 126: 7
minority languages
mobile applications
Mobile Technologies, LLC, Lecture Translation, 129: 9
Monaco, Danilo, 132: 10
Montesinos, Sebastian, 132: 10
Moore, Derrick, 127: 9
Moravia
App Review Translator, Symfonie Task Management System, 132: 9
expands linguistic validation services, 128: 11
expands mobile services, releases white paper, 127: 10
major rebranding for, 131: 6
opens office in Bay Area, relocates Dublin office, 129: 8
Haijun (Jason) Mao, 128: 10
Jane Nemcova, 129: 8
Renato Beninatto, 125: 9
relocates North American offices, 127: 8
Moravia Worldwide. See Moravia
Moreno-Ramos, Alejandro: MOX: Illustrated Guide to Freelance
Translation, reviewed by Katie Botkin, 131: 10–11
MOX: Illustrated Guide to Freelance Translation, Alejandro MorenoRamos: reviewed by Katie Botkin, 131: 10–11
MT. See machine translation (MT)
Muddyman, Gary: “The rise of CIVETS economies,” 131: 30–33
Müller, Anja, 126: 6
Multi-Languages Corporation, publishes translation book, 129: 9
MultiCorpora
automates integration with content management systems, 127: 10
MultiTrans Prism version 5.5, 129: 9
recent industry hires: Steven McNair, 128: 10
MultiLing, moves headquarters, 131: 6
Multilingual Electronic Dossier (MED), 129: 47
MultilingualWeb-LT, 127: 9, 32; 128: 10
Multilizer, Multilizer 8, 128: 12
MultiTrans Prism 5.5, 129: 9
myLanguage, Inc., Vocre 2.0, 127: 10
N
N-11. See Next Eleven (N-11)
“The Need for Translation in Africa,” report, 129: 9
Nemcova, Jane, 129: 8
NEON Translations and Localization launched, 127: 8
Net-Translators Ltd.
Mini-site Translation Package, 126: 7
receives EN 15038:2006 certification, 128: 12
Netto, Karen
“Marketing in Latin America under budget constraints,” 129: 20–23
“A translation buyer reflects on standards,” 127: 26–28
Netwire
opens second Rosario office, 128: 9
Amanda Giacopini, Lucas Lizzi, Sofia Gallo, 131: 7
Carolina Tost, Mariel Azoubel, 130: 8
Lilian Feldmann, Nathalia Abreu, 132: 10
Litícia Abreau, Fábio Martins, 125: 9
Marcela Luppi, 127: 9
Patricia Padovani, Juliana Oliveira, Luiza Lima, 128: 10
redesigns website, 127: 8
Next Eleven (N-11), 131: 34
nlg GmbH, nlg LLC, 132: 8
Nuance Communications, Inc., Dragon Dictation and Dragon Search apps
debut in Middle East, 128: 11
O
Ó Broin, Ultan: “Is our industry still cold to user experience?”, 130: 58
OASIS. See Organization for Advancement of Structured Information
Standards (OASIS)
Objectif clients: Un guide pour traducteurs et autres travailleurs autonomes
du domaine langagier, François Gauthier: reviewed by Nancy A.
Locke, 129: 12–13
Occupy movement, 128: 22
Ocean Translations
recent industry hires: Sebastian Montesinos, 132: 10
Off the Map
Oliveira, Juliana, 128: 10
One Hour Translation Ltd., Translator’s Workbench, 132: 9
Daisy Ramirez, Paul Tardiff, Ariana Drummond, 131: 7
Hiroe Kawamura, Catherine Ann, Alice Yu, Justin Bynum, 132: 10
1TL.com, 128: 11
ONTRAM, Inc., recent industry hires: Shigemichi Yazawa, 131: 7
orality
Organization for Advancement of Structured Information Standards
(OASIS), 127: 32, 129: 48
Osborne Solutions, relocates and rebrands, 125: 8
Otellini, Paul S., 125: 16
outsourcing
24–25
P
Padovani, Patricia, 128: 10
Palex Languages & Software
Verifika, 125: 9
Verifika 1.2, 131: 8
PandaWare Company, Simple Help Editor 5.0, 125: 9
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1/10/13 11:58 AM
Parenteau, Kelsi, 126: 6
Park IP Translations, Welocalize completes Park IP Translations merger,
127: 8
Partnertrans GmbH, adds US location, 132: 8
PDI. See power distance index (PDI)
“Perception versus reality in medical translation”: Kevin Fountoukidis
and Nadége Young, 130: 32–34
Perkins, Jennifer, 131: 7
Perso-Arabic Language Suite, 129: 9
Perspectives
125: 20–21
“A translation buyer reflects on standards”: Karen Netto, 127: 26–28
“Perspectives from translation program graduates”: Nancy A. Locke, 127:
46–48
PET, 130: 10
Petras, Rebecca, 131: 7
PhatPad 2.0, 126: 8
PhatWare Corp., PhatPad 2.0, 126: 8
Pigovska, Iryna. See Ruban, Andrey, and Iryna Pigovska
“Planning game-based learning”: Julie Brink, 128: 35–38
Plunet GmbH
and MemSource partner technology, 129: 10 integrates with SDL
Trados Studio 2011, 128: 12
memoQ 5 interface, 126: 8
offers interfaces to existing translation technologies, 127: 10
partners with ATRIL, 129: 10
Plunet BusinessManager 5.3, 129: 9
recent industry hires: Nancy Radloff, Daniel Ganz, Doris
Langenberg, Andreas Gross, 129: 8
Pole to Win America, Inc., adds Austin game testing branch, 131: 6
power distance index (PDI), 130: 24
Praekelt, Gustav, 129: 6
Prichard, Jared, 131: 7
Projetex 9.1, 127: 10
prosumerism, 131: 51
ProZ.com, 125: 31
PTIGlobal
celebrates 35th anniversary, adds voiceover services, 127: 9
recent industry hires: Jordan Bulloff, 125: 9
Q
qTerm 2, 127: 10
Quevedo, Angelita, 129: 30
“A quick look at translation metrics for health care buyers”: Rebecca Ray
and Vijayalaxmi Hegde, 130: 36
Quicksilver Translations, adds audiovisual department, 125: 8
Quintero, Arturo: “Reflections on the language industry,” 132: 58
R
Radloff, Nancy, 129: 8
Radoff, Jon, 128: 26
Ramirez, Daisy, 131: 7
Ramos, Luciana Cecilia: “Statistics as a medical translation
specialization,” 130: 37–42
Ray, Rebecca
“LSPs in Central and Eastern Europe,” 126: 47
“Six tips for market entry success in the Middle East,” 132: 24
Ray, Rebecca, and Vijayalaxmi Hegde: “A quick look at translation
metrics for health care buyers,” 130: 36
RBMT. See rule-based machine translation
RC-WinTrans 9.2, 128: 12
Accessible Translation Solutions: Meryem Errouiam, 130: 8
Acclaro Inc
52
Ian Barrow, 127: 9
Jared Prichard, 131: 7
Acrolinx GmbH: PG Bartlett, 130: 9
Affordable Language Services: Brittany Winner, Corinne
Beiersdorfer Grandle, 131: 7
Albaglobal Ltd.: Aldior Agora, 130: 8
Andrä AG
Ben Cornelius, 126: 6
Jella Eifler, 131: 7
Oliver Collmann, 125: 9
Anzu Global LLC: Jeanne Sharpe, 132: 10
Arancho Doc S.r.l.
Danilo Monaco, 132: 10
Lea Backhurst, 131: 7
Argos Translations Sp z o.o.: Rocio Cava, 125: 9
Boffin Technologies Ltd.: Richard Shi, 127: 9
Bromberg & Associates, LLC: Kelsi Parenteau, 126: 6
Centre for Next Generation Localisation (CNGL): Qun Liu, 132: 10
Centrum Lokalizacji C&M Sp. z o.o.
Sébastien Jottard, 129: 8
Wiktoria Miller, 127: 9
Clear Words Translations: Carina Cesano, 130: 8
Echo International: Hector Baraona, 127: 9
eCPD Webinars: Maia Figueroa, 129: 8
e2f translations, inc.: Michel Lopez, Julien Gaulon-Brain, 128: 10
In Every Language: Abigail Thompson, 131: 7
Folio Online: Anja Müller, 126: 6
Foreign Staffing, Inc.: Alix Rifareal, 126: 6
Global Lingo Ltd.
Fiona Lindley, 125: 9
Holly Harvey, 127: 9
Globalization and Localization Association (GALA): Hans
Fenstermacher, Laura Brandon, 132: 10
IMTT: Robert Bishop, 130: 8
International Language Center: Anita Hale, Megan Senseney, 131: 7
Janus Worldwide Inc.: Ulrich Boehme, 126: 6
Kilgray Translation Technologies: Bernardo Manuel Pereira dos
Santos, 130: 8
Language I/O LLC: Kaarina Kvaavik, 128: 10
Language Line Services, Inc.
Scott Klein, 130: 8
Winnie Heh, 127: 9
Language Services Associates, Inc.: Jim Freville, Jay Headen, 130: 9
Latitudes: Raymond Reyes, 125: 9
Lingoport, Inc.: Adam Blau, Spencer Thomas, 126: 6
LUZ, Inc.: Jennifer Perkins, 131: 7
Milengo, Ltd.: Britta Weber, 130: 8
Moravia
Haijun (Jason) Mao, 128: 10
Jane Nemcova, 129: 8
Renato Beninatto, 125: 9
MultiCorpora: Steven McNair, 128: 10
Netwire
Amanda Giacopini, Lucas Lizzi, Sofia Gallo, 131: 7
Carolina Tost, Mariel Azoubel, 130: 8
Lilian Feldmann, Nathalia Abreu, 132: 10
Litícia Abreau, Fábio Martins, 125: 9
Marcela Luppi, 127: 9
Patricia Padovani, Juliana Oliveira, Luiza Lima, 128: 10
Ocean Translations: Sebastian Montesinos, 132: 10
Daisy Ramirez, Paul Tardiff, Ariana Drummond, 131: 7
Hiroe Kawamura, Catherine Ann, Alice Yu, Justin Bynum, 132: 10
ONTRAM, Inc.: Shigemichi Yazawa, 131: 7
Plunet GmbH: Nancy Radloff, Daniel Ganz, Doris Langenberg,
Andreas Gross, 129: 8
PTIGlobal: Jordan Bulloff, 125: 9
RSI Content Solutions
1/10/13 11:58 AM
David Saracco, 131: 7
Marianne Calilhanna, 127: 9
Rubric, Inc.: Françoise Henderson, 130: 8
Saltlux Inc.: Koeun Lee, 129: 8
Saudisoft Co. Ltd: Wael Mabrouk, 127: 9
STAR UK Limited: Nicholas Jones, 128: 10
TAUS : Achim Ruopp, 129: 8
TranslateMedia: Simon Kinsey, Michael Smith, Michael Kleinbaum,
126: 6
Translators without Borders (TWB): Rebecca Petras, 131: 7
Vasont Systems: Jim Braselman, 131: 7
viaLanguage
Chris Grebisz, 126: 6
Derrick Moore, 127: 9
Vivanco & Garcia, S.L.: Vanessa Grillo, Michael Sanz, 127: 9
Welocalize: Erin Wynn, 130: 8
WIENERS+WIENERS GmbH: Oliver Lindner, 128: 10
Isabelle Guionie, 127: 9
Mariana Sugobono, Ludmila Lococo Benyacar, Daiana Díaz,
Soledad Mendoza, 126: 6
“Reflections on the language industry”: Arturo Quintero, 132: 58
reports and white papers
“How Buyers Use Translation Management Systems: What Vendors
Need to Know about Enterprise TMS Implementations,” 128: 10
“How to Craft a Multilingual Web Strategy,” 125: 9
“How to Win the Requests for Proposals that Matter Most,” 131: 6
“How to Write Translation Requests for Proposals,” 131: 6
“The Need for Translation in Africa,” 129: 9
“ROI Lifts the Long Tail of Languages in 2012,” 130: 8
“TMS Users Revealed: How Enterprise Buyers Deploy Translation
Management Systems,” 128: 10
“Translation Performance Metrics,” 126: 7
“Translation Pricing by Language Pair,” 132: 8
“Trends in Translation Pricing,” 132: 8
“Web Globalization Report Card 2012,” 126: 7
“What Translation Suppliers Need to Know about Pricing,” 132: 9
request for proposal (RFP)
resources and references
Basic terminology: 126: 49–50; 127: 57–58; 128: 49–50; 129:
49–50; 130: 49–50; 131: 61–62; 132: 49–50
Reuveni, Doron: “Crowdsourcing your localization testing,” 125: 47–50
Reverso-Softissimo, Flavius, 131: 8
reviews
“Alchemy CATALYST 10”: reviewed by Thomas Waßmer, 130: 12–17
Amglish in, Like, Ten Easy Lessons: A Celebration of the New World
Lingo, Arthur E. Rowse: reviewed by Deborah Schaffer, 128: 17–19
Found in Translation: How Language Shapes Our Lives and
Transforms the World, Nataly Kelly and Jost Zetzsche: reviewed
by Elizabeth Colón, 130: 18–19
The Interpreter’s Journal, Benjawan Poomsan Becker: reviewed by
Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, David Bellos: reviewed by Nancy A.
Locke, 126: 10–11
“memoQ 5.0”: reviewed by Angelika Zerfaß, 128: 13–16
autonomes du domaine langagier, François Gauthier: reviewed by
“XTRF 2.5”: reviewed by Bob Donaldson, 127: 14–17
Reyes, Raymond, 125: 9
Rheinschrift Übersetzungen, updates website, 125: 8
Rickard, Jason, interview with, 127: 20–22
Rifareal, Alix, 126: 6
RightNow CX Suite Connector, 126: 8
Robotics Glossary, 129: 10
Rock, David, 128: 25
“ROI Lifts the Long Tail of Languages in 2012,” report, 130: 8
Rosetta Translation Limited
Rosetta Shanghai adds interpretation service, 125: 10
updates website, 125: 8
Rowse, Arthur E.: Amglish in, Like, Ten Easy Lessons: A Celebration of
the New World Lingo, reviewed by Deborah Schaffer, 128: 17–19
RSI Content Solutions
LexisNexis Pacific selects, 128: 12
David Saracco, 131: 7
Marianne Calilhanna, 127: 9
Ruban, Andrey, and Iryna Pigovska: “Life sciences: Localization into
Russian and Ukrainian,” 126: 40–42
Rubric, Inc., recent industry hires: Françoise Henderson, 130: 8
rule-based machine translation (RBMT)
125: 23
Ruopp, Achim, 129: 8
Rusakavičienė, Asta and Rasa Kriaučionytė: “Translating the Baltic
languages,” 126: 34–38
Rütten, Anja: “From desk to booth — TMs for interpreters,” 128: 43–48
S
Safar, Libor: “Regulatory translations in CEE,” 126: 44–46
Safar, Libor, Helen Colquhoun and Cheryl Hill: “Language
requirements for EU medical device labels,” 130: 43–46
Sajan, Inc., opens Singapore office, 125: 8
Saltlux Inc., recent industry hires: Koeun Lee, 129: 8
Sāmı̄te, Indra. See Vasiļjevs, Andrejs and Indra Sāmı̄te
Sánchez, Pilar Garcia, letter to editor, 128: 9
Santos, Bernardo Manuel Pereira dos, 130: 8
Sanz, Michael, 127: 9
Saracco, David, 131: 7
Sargent, Benjamin B., 130: 25
“The growing market of global information consumers,” 131: 49–50
“Social media’s place in global online strategy,” 128: 41
Sargent, Benjamin B., and Vijayalaxmi Hegde: “Ten essential steps to
TMS selection for LSPs,” 125: 35–40
Saudi Arabia
Saudisoft Co. Ltd
new look for website, 126: 6
recent industry hires: Wael Mabrouk, 127: 9
Sawaf, Hassan, and Jonathan Litchman: “The automated interpreter,”
125: 22–24
Schaffer, Deborah: Amglish in, Like, Ten Easy Lessons: A Celebration of
the New World Lingo, review, 128: 17–19
Schaudin.com, RC-WinTrans 9.2, 128: 12
Schliem, Aaron: “GDC 2012 (March 5-9) increases localization focus,”
128: 8–9
Science Applications International Corporation, Lingotek teams with, 129: 10
scripts
SDI Media Group, opens multimedia studios in Manila, 131: 6
SDL
completes acquisition of Alterian, 126: 6
opens research and development facility, 129: 8
Plunet integrates with, 128: 12
SDL Studio GroupShare, 126: 7
Senseney, Megan, 131: 7
SeproTec Multilingual Solutions, Instituto Cervantes chooses, 129: 10
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Sequoyah, 125: 48
“Sharing the luck”: Daniel Goldschmidt, 129: 58
Sharpe, Jeanne, 132: 10
Shi, Richard, 127: 9
Sikes, Richard: “Localization: The global pyramid capstone,” 131: 43–48
Simpkins, Anna: “Do-it-yourself MT,” 129: 41–44
Simple Help Editor 5.0, 125: 9
Singh, Nitish, Localization Strategies for Global e-Business, 126: 7
Sitecore Connector 3.5, 131: 8
“Six tips for market entry success in the Middle East”: Rebecca Ray, 132: 24
Smith, Michael, 126: 6
Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics, English-Russian glossary, 128: 11
social media
“Social media’s place in global online strategy”: Benjamin B.
Sargent, 128: 41
“Social media’s place in global online strategy”: Benjamin B. Sargent,
128: 41
software as a service (SaaS)
125: 20–21
Sommer, Jill, 128: 22
Spanish-English medical association grows, 130: 7
Specia, Lucia: PET: Post-Editing Tool, 130: 10
St-Onge, Caroline, 127: 47
standards
“Language technology standards should support entire supply
chain”: Donald A. DePalma, 127: 40
“What has become of LISA’s OSCAR standards?”: Patrick Guillemin
and Sandrine Trillaud, 127: 38–39, 41
Star UK Limited, recent industry hires: Nicholas Jones, 128: 10
statistical machine translation (SMT)
125: 23
Ramos, 130: 37–42
Steiert, Afaf, Matthias Steiert and Elanna Mariniello: “Translation and
social media in the Middle East,” 132: 21–23
See also Asadzadeh, Mehdi, and Afaf Steiert
Steiert, Matthias. See Steiert, Afaf, Matthias Steiert and Elanna Mariniello
STP Nordic, acquires Tranflex, 129: 8
Stuyven, An. See Küfhaber, Michal, and An Stuyven
Sugobono, Mariana, 126: 6
Sullivan, Bill, 132: 6
SwiftKey X 2.2, 125: 10
Symantec Corporation
127: 20–22
Rickard, Jason, interview with, 127: 20–22
Symfonie Task Management System, 132: 9
T
Takeaway
“Is our industry still cold to user experience?”: Ultan Ó Broin, 130: 58
54
“Language on the web”: Christian Lieske, 131: 70
“Reflections on the language industry”: Arturo Quintero, 132: 58
“Sharing the luck”: Daniel Goldschmidt, 129: 58
“Taking back your clients”: Michael Cárdenas, 128: 58
“Taking back your clients”: Michael Cárdenas, 128: 58
TALK finance sàrl, selects memoQ, 131: 8
“Tapping into the macrotrends”: Terena Bell, 126: 22–23
Tardiff, Paul, 131: 7
TAUS. See Translation Automation User Society (TAUS)
tauyou <language technology>, redesigns website, 127: 8
TEAMserver 2, 129: 9
Technical Communitites, and MadCap Software sign agreement, 127: 10
technology
125: 22–24
Brown, 125: 41–43
“The translation center behind Translators without Borders”: Enrique
Cavalitto, 125: 31–34
“Translation technology comes full circle”: Jost Zetzsche, 127: 50–51
Teigen, Sarah: “Medical translations for minority languages,” 131: 37–38
“Ten essential steps to TMS selection for LSPs”: Benjamin B. Sargent and
Vijayalaxmi Hegde, 125: 35–40
TermWiki Mobile, 126: 7
2.0, 129: 9
TermWiki Pro, 125: 10
TermWiki Widget, 129: 9
TERRA TMS, 132: 9
testing
“Crowdsourcing your localization testing”: Doron Reuveni, 125:
47–50
text analytics
Brown, 125: 41–43
Text-To-Speech (TTS), 128: 28
Thailand
thebigword, online linguist booking system, 128: 12
Thicke, Lori, 125: 31, 34, 131: 37
“Automating Intel’s multilingual chat,” 125: 14–16
“Building communities for collaborative translation,” 127: 20–22
“Industrializing the translation process,” 130: 22–23
“Innovating in local languages for Africa,” 126: 14–17
“Twitter’s 400,000 Translators,” 132: 12–13
Thomas, Spencer, 126: 6
Thompson, Abigail, 131: 7
Ticonderoga Ventures, Inc., 1TL.com, 128: 11
Tiido & Partners Language Agency, NEON Translations and Localization
launched, company ISO certified, 127: 8
“Tips on audio localization: synthetic vs. real voices”: Ben
Warren, 128:
TJC Global Ltd., new website, 127: 8
TM. See translation memory (TM)
TMS. See translation management systems (TMS)
TMS Live, 126: 7
“TMS Users Revealed: How Enterprise Buyers Deploy Translation
Management Systems,” report, 128: 10
1/10/13 11:58 AM
tools
“Alchemy CATALYST 10”: review, 130: 12–17
translation
“Cloud computing, SaaS and translation tools”: Andrzej Zydrón,
125: 20–21
translation management: XTRF 2.5, review of, 127: 14–17
translation memory: “memoQ 5.0”: reviewed by Angelika Zerfaß,
128: 13–16
Toshiba
“Automating Toshiba user documentation”: Patrik Indola, 129:
39–40
Tost, Carolina, 130: 8
Total Recall Software ApS, new website, url, 125: 8
TouchType, SwiftKey X 2.2, 125: 10
Tradnologies SL, relocates office, 127: 8
Tranflex AB, STP Nordic acquires, 129: 8
Transiq Systems SL, Transiq, 127: 10
translate plus
ISO 14001 certified, 132: 10
now in Düsseldorf, 132: 8
TranslateMedia
acquires Central Translations, 125: 9
recent industry hires: Simon Kinsey, Michael Smith, Michael
Kleinbaum, 126: 6
translation
“Adaptation in translation”: Mehdi Asadzadeh and Afaf Steiert, 127: 56
Almost Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Translation,
129: 9
127: 20–22
“Cloud computing, SaaS and translation tools”: Andrzej Zydrón,
125: 20–21
Found in Translation: How Language Shapes Our Lives and
Transforms the World, Nataly Kelly and Jost Zetzsche: reviewed
by Elizabeth Colón, 130: 18–19
“How to choose a translation vendor”: Madalena Sánchez
Zampaulo, 127: 52–55
Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, David Bellos: reviewed by Nancy A.
Locke, 126: 10–11
Lecture Translation, 129: 9
Netto, 129: 20–23
“Medical translations for minority languages”: Sarah Teigen, 131:
37–38
“The Need for Translation in Africa,” report, 129: 9
autonomes du domaine langagier, François Gauthier: reviewed by
“Perception versus reality in medical translation”: Kevin
Fountoukidis and Nadége Young, 130: 32–34
“Perspectives from translation program graduates”: Nancy A. Locke,
127: 46–48
“A quick look at translation metrics for health care buyers”: Rebecca
Ray and Vijayalaxmi Hegde, 130: 36
Ramos, 130: 37–42
“Training health translators from scratch”: Simon Andriesen, 130:
28–31
“Translating the Baltic languages”:Asta Rusakavičienė and Rasa
“Translation Performance Metrics,” report, 126: 7
“Translation technology comes full circle”: Jost Zetzsche, 127:50–51
Translators through History, 130: 8
“Translation and social media in the Middle East”: Afaf Steiert, Matthias
Steiert and Elanna Mariniello, 132: 21–23
Translation Automation User Society (TAUS),
Developing Talent Initiative, 131:6
MT tutorial, translation services API, 132: 8
recent industry hires: Achim Ruopp, 129: 8
TAUS Data Association
matrix feature, 130: 10
TAUS Tracker, 125: 9
Translation Cloud 2.5, 127: 10
Translation Cloud LLC
Translation Cloud for developers 2.5, 127: 10
Translation Services now Translation Cloud, 129: 8
translation management systems (TMS)
translation memory (TM)
Google Translator Toolkit, 126: 14
“Translation Performance Metrics,” report, 126: 7
“Translation Pricing by Language Pair,” report, 132: 8
Translation Services Connector, 131: 8
Translation Services USA LLC. See Translation Cloud LLC
“Translation technology comes full circle”: Jost Zetzsche, 127: 50–51
Translators through History, 130: 8
Translators without Borders (TWB), 131: 37
and Common Sense study results, 129: 9
Healthcare Translation Center, 128: 10
recent industry hires: Rebecca Petras, 131: 7
Translator’s Workbench, 132: 9
TransPerfect Translations, Inc.
opens office in Rome, 126: 6
VistaJet chooses, 131: 7
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Yamane Documentation becomes a division of, 129: 8
“Traversing the Eastern ‘block’ with translation tools”: Michal Küfhaber
and An Stuyven, 126: 30–33
TREMÉDICA, Spanish-English medical association grows, 130: 7
“Trends in Translation Pricing,” report, 132: 8
Trillaud, Sandrine. See Guillemin, Patrick, and Sandrine Trillaud
TripleInk, now in The Netherlands, celebrates 20th anniversary, 125: 8
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), 126: 18
Turner, Jamie, 132: 6
TWB. See Translators without Borders (TWB)
U
UAX #29. See Unicode Annex #29 (UAX #29)
Ueda, Gaku, interview with, 132: 12–13
ULI. See Unicode Localization Interoperability
Unicode Annex #29 (UAX #29), 127: 31
The Unicode Consortium
Unicode 6.1, 126: 7
Unicode 6.2, 132: 8
Unicode Localization Interoperability (ULI), 127: 31
Universidad Europea de Madrid, 128: 10
user documentation
userization
Branca, 129: 32–35
V
Vasiļjevs, Andrejs, 129: 41
Vasiļjevs, Andrejs, and Indra Sāmı̄te: “Machine translation for lessresourced languages,” 125: 25–30
Vasont Systems, recent industry hires: Jim Braselman, 131: 7
Verifika, 125: 9
Verifika 1.2, 131: 8
Verztec Consulting Pte. Ltd., selected by aviance, 125: 10
VIA. See viaLanguage (VIA)
viaLanguage. See VIA
Chris Grebisz, 126: 6
Derrick Moore, 127: 9
viaLanguage rebrands, 129: 8
Virtual Sales Manager, 129: 9
VistaTEC, and Asia Online partner, 127: 10
Vivanco & Garcia, S.L., recent industry hires: Vanessa Grillo, Michael
Sanz, 127: 9
VNLOCTRA Co., Ltd., relocates, 128: 9
Vocre 2.0, 127: 10
Volante, Stephen, 125: 33
W
Wadhwani, Nand, 125: 32
Waßmer, Thomas: “Alchemy CATALYST 10,” review, 130: 12–17
Warambo, Paul, 130: 28
Warren, Ben: “Tips on audio localization: synthetic vs. real voices,” 128:
28–31
W3C. See World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
Web Globalization Report Card 2012, 126: 7
Weber, Britta, 130: 8
Welocalize
completes Park IP Translations merger, 127: 8
recent industry hires: Erin Wynn, 130: 9
Western Standard, Fluency Collaboration Server, 127: 9
Weyman, George, 132: 23
“What has become of LISA’s OSCAR standards?”: Patrick Guillemin and
56
Sandrine Trillaud, 127: 38–39, 41
“What Translation Suppliers Need to Know about Pricing,” report, 132: 9
Wheeldon, Gavin, 129: 41
WIENERS+WIENERS GmbH, recent industry hires: Oliver Lindner, 128: 10
Williams, Jeff: “International branding errors cause trouble”, 127: 66
Isabelle Guionie, 127: 9
Mariana Sugobono, Ludmila Lococo Benyacar, Daiana Díaz,
Soledad Mendoza, 126: 6
Winner, Brittany, 131: 7
Wordbee S.A
business analytics module, 132: 9
Nikon Precision chooses, 132: 10
Wordfast LLC, Wordfast Pro 3.0, 128: 11
World Savvy
24–25
“Dilemmas of the diaspora”: John Freivalds, 129: 16–17
World Translation A/S, rebrands, 129: 8
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 127: 32
MultilingualWeb–LT (Language Technology) Working Group, 127: 9
Worldbee S.A., chosen by Aflatoun, 128: 12
WTIpress, 125: 9
Wynn, Erin, 130: 9
X
Xcelerator Ltd, commercialization fund project, 130: 8
XLIFF, 127: 32
XTM International
XTM 7.0, XTM Xchange, 132: 9
XTM Suite 6.2, 128: 11
XTRF
2.4, 125: 10
2.5, review of, 127: 14–17
2.7, 131: 8
QuickBooks, 125:10
XTRF Translation Management Systems Sp. z o.o.
and MemSource combine technology, 129: 10
Divergent Language Solutions selects, 132: 10
redesigns customer portal, 132: 9
SMS short text messaging, 126: 8
XTRF 2.4, XTRF-QuickBooks, 125: 10
XTRF 2.7, 131: 8
Y
Yamane Documentation Inc., becomes a division of TransPerfect, 129: 8
Yazawa, Shigemichi, 131: 7
Yewell, Smith, 129: 46
Young, Nadége. See Fountoukidis, Kevin, and Nadége Young
Yu, Alice, 132: 10
YYZ Translations, updated website and new services, 125: 8
Z
Zaki, Amr: “Right-to-left localization for mobile devices,” 132: 34–38
Zampaulo, Madalena Sánchez
“Conveying a passion: Translating sports in Brazil,” 129: 28–30
“How to choose a translation vendor,” 127: 52–55
Zerfaß, Angelika: “memoQ 5.0,” review, 128: 13–16
Zetzsche, Jost, 129: 47
“Translation technology comes full circle,” 127: 50–51
See also Kelly, Nataly, and Jost Zetzsche
Zichermann, Gabe, 128: 24
Zubin, David A., 132: 46
Zydroń, Andrzej: “Cloud computing, SaaS and translation tools,”
125: 20–21
1/10/13 11:58 AM
Acronyms & AbbreviAtions
ACE
ACR
AD
ADR
AM
AMT
ANSI
APDU
API
ASCII
ASL
ASP
ATA
ATSUI
automatic content enrichment
abstract character repertoire
audio description
automated dialog replacement
authoring memory
automated machine translation
American National Standards Institute
application protocol data unit
application programming interface
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
American Sign Language
application service provider
American Translators Association
Apple Type Services for Unicode Imaging
B2B
B2C
BCE
bidi
BLEU
BMP
BOM
BPO
BRIC
business to business
business to consumer
Before the Common Era
bidirectional text
Bilingual Evaluation Understudy
basic multilingual plane
byte order mark
business process outsourcing
Brazil, Russia, India and China
CAD
CAGR
CAI
CAP
CAT
CBMT
CBT
CCJK
CCS
CDATA
CE
CEE
CEF
CES
CEO
CFO
CGI
CGO
CHT
CI
CIC
CID
CIO
CJK
CJKV
CL
CLA
CLAT
CLC
CLDR
CM
CMM
CMS
CNS
CNT
COLT
COM
CP
CRM
CRPG
CS
CSS
CT
CTE
CTI
CT3
computer-aided design
compound annual growth rate
computer-assisted interpretation
cultural adaptation process
computer-aided/assisted translation
context-based machine translation
computer-based training
Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Japanese & Korean
coded character set
character data
Common Era
Central and Eastern Europe
character encoding form
character encoding scheme
chief executive officer
chief financial officer
common gateway interface
chief globalization officer
Chinese-Taiwan
community interpreting
corporate intelligence center
character identifier
chief information officer
Chinese, Japanese and Korean
Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese
controlled language
cross-lingual application
controlled language authoring technology
controlled language checker
Common Locale Data Repository
content management; character map
capability maturity model
content management system
Chinese National Standard
contents files
connection optimized link technology
component object model
code page
customer relationship management
computer role-playing game
compound strings
cascading style sheet
Chinese Traditional; compound text
Caterpillar Technical English
computer telephone integration
crowdsourced translation-community translationcollaborative translation
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 57
DAU/MAU daily active users divided by monthly active users
DBCS
double-byte character set
DDI
direct dialing inwards
DITA
Darwin Information Typing Architecture
DIY
do-it-yourself
DIYOW do-it-your-own-way
DLL
dynamic link library
DNT
do not translate
DTD
document type definition
DTP
desktop publishing
DVB
digital video broadcasting
EA
EAI
EAP
EBCDIC
EBITDA
EBMT
EC
ECL
ECM
ECMA
ECU
EIP
EMEA
EMS
EMU
ERM
ERP
ERS
ESL
ETSI
EU
EUC
EXE
East Asian
enterprise application interface
e-business application platform
extended binary coded decimal interchange code
earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization
example-based machine translation
European community
exit control list
enterprise content management
European Computer Manufacturers Association
European currency unit
enterprise information portal
Europe, Middle East, Africa
enterprise management system
European Economic and Monetary Union
electronic relationship management
enterprise resource planning
emergency restoration system
English-as-a-second-language
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
European Union
extended UNIX code
executable files
FAHQT
FAQ
FDI
FEP
FEV
FIGS
FLR
FMS
FTP
fully automatic high quality translation
frequently asked questions
foreign direct investment
front-end processor
forced expiration volume
France, Italy, Germany and Spain
foreign language resource
file management system
file transfer protocol
GCVC
GDP
g11n
GILT
GIM
GIS
GMS
GMX-V
GNU
GPS
GTMS
GUI
global content value chain
gross domestic product
globalization
globalization, internationalization, localization and translation
global information management
geographic information systems
globalization management software/system
Global information management Metrics eXchange – Volume
short for GNU is Not UNIX
global positioning system
global translation management system
graphical user interface
HCI
HLT
HMM
HPJ
HR
HRM
HTML
HTTP
human-computer interaction
human language technology
hidden Markov model
Help project files
human resources
human resources management
HyperText Markup Language
HyperText Transfer Protocol
IANA
ICF
ICT
ICU
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
informed consent form
information and communication technology
International Components for Unicode
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IDE
IE
IEC
i18n
IETF
IFU
IM
IME
IP
IRB
IRI
ISDN
ISO
ISV
IT
ITS
ITP
IVD
IVR
integrated development environment
information element
International Electrotechnical Commission
internationalization
Internet Engineering Task Force
instructions for use
input methods; instant messaging
input method editor
internet protocol; intellectual property
institutional review boards
internationalized resource identifier
integrated services digital network
International Organization for Standardization
independent software vendor
information technology
International Tag Set
International Translation & Publishing
in vitro diagnostic
interactive voice response systems
JAXP
JCAT
JDK
JFIGS
JIC
JIS
JISC
JRE
JSP
Java API for XML Processing
Java computer-assisted translation
Java Development Kit
Japanese, French, Italian, German and Spanish
Japan Industrial Code
Japanese Industrial Standards; Japanese Institute of Standards
Japan Industrial Standards Committee
Java Runtime Environment
Java server pages
K
KISI
KPA
KPI
kilobytes
Korean Industrial Standards Institute
key process area
key performance indicator
LAN
LEP
LESA
LIP
LKP
LM
LMS
LOF
LOT
LPM
LQA
LSB
LSE
LSP
l10n
LTI
L2
LVT
local area network; large area network
limited English proficient
limited English-speaking ability
language interface program
lookup file
language model
learning management system
list of figures
list of tables
localization project manager
language quality assurance
least significant byte
language search engine
language service provider; localization service provider
localization
localization, translation and interpretation
second language
linguistic verification testing
M&A
mergers and acquisitions
MAC
media access control
MAPI
message application programming interface
MARTIF machine-readable terminology interchange format
MAT
machine-aided/assisted translation
MBCS
multibyte character set
MBO
management by objective
MENA
Middle East and North Africa
MI
machine interpretation
MIME
multipurpose internet mailer extensions
ML
markup languages
MLS
multiple listing service
MLV
multilanguage vendor
MMOG massively multiplayer online game
MMORPG massively multiplayer online role-playing game
MT
machine translation
MUD
multiuser domain
MUI
multilingual user interface
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MWS
multilingual workflow system
NLP
NLS
natural language processing
national language support
OASIS
OAXAL
OBJ
OCR
ODBC
OEM
OLG
OPEX
OPI
OS
OSS
OTA
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards
OASIS Open Architecture for XML Authoring and Localization
object files
optical character recognition
open data base connectivity
original equipment manufacturer
online gaming
operating expenses
over-the-phone interpretation
operating system
open-source software
over-the-air
P&L
PC
PCDATA
PDA
PDF
PDI
PEST
PIL
PIM
PM
PO
PoA
POS
POSIX
PPC
PRC
profit and loss
personal computer; politically correct
parsed character data
personal digital assistant
portable document format
power distance index
political, economic, sociocultural, technological
patient information leaflet
personal information manager
project manager; project management
purchase order
plan of action
part of speech
portable operating system interface
pay-per-click
People’s Republic of China
Q&A
QA
QC
questions and answers
quality assurance
quality control
R&D
RBMT
RC
RDF
RES
RFC
RFP
RFQ
RLV
ROA
ROI
ROK
RONA
RPG
RQM
RTF
RTL
RTT
research and development
rule-based machine translation
resource code files
Resource Description Framework
resource files
request for comments
request for proposal
request for quote
regional language vendor
return on assets
return on investment
Republic of Korea
return on net assets
role-playing game
resource quality management
rich text format
right to left
real-time translation
SaaS
SBMT
SC
SCL
SCM
SDK
SDML
SEL
SEO
SGML
SL
SLA
SLV
software as a service
statistical-based machine translation
Simplified Chinese
system control language
supply chain management
software development kit
signed document markup language
self-extensible language
search engine optimization
standard generalized markup language
source language
service level agreement
single-language vendor
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SMB
SME
SMG
SMI
SMT
SMTP
SMTS
SOA
SOAP
SOP
SOV
SRX
STT
ST
STE
SVO
small and medium-sized businesses
small and medium-size enterprises; subject matter expert
screen management guidelines
structure of management information
statistical machine translation
simple mail transfer protocol
statistical machine translation software
service-oriented architecture
Simple Object Access Protocol
standard operating procedure
subject-object-verb
Segmentation Rules eXchange
speech-to-text
source text
Simplified Technical English
subject-verb-object
T&D
TBX
TC
TEnT
TES
TIF
TKK
TL
TM
TMF
TMS
TMX
TOC
TR
TRP
TSP
TTS
TU
24/7
TXML
transmission and distribution
TermBase eXchange
Traditional Chinese
translation environment tool
transfer encoding syntax
Terminology Interchange Format
Translation Toolkit format
target language
translation memory
terminology markup framework
translation memory system
Translation Memory eXchange
table of contents
technical report
translation request package
translation service provider
text-to-speech
translation unit
something that happens around the clock, seven days a week
Tracker eXtensible Markup Language
UAE
UCD
UCS
UI
ULF
UN
UPT
URI
URL
UTC
UTX
United Arab Emirates
Unicode Character Database
universal character set
user interfaces
universal learning format
United Nations
universal personal telecommunications
uniform/universal resource identifier
uniform resource locator
coordinated universal time; Unicode Technical Committee
Universal Terminology Exchange
VAR
VBA
VC
VFY
VID
VISCII
VOIP
VPN
VR
value-added reseller
Visual Basic for Applications
venture capital
viscose filament yarn
visual inferface design
Vietnamese Standard Code for Information Interchange
voice over internet protocol
virtual private network
virtual reality; voice recognition
W3C
WAN
WAP
WBS
WBT
WCM
WIP
WORM
WSDL
World Wide Web Consortium
wide area networks
wireless application protocols
work breakdown structure
web-based training
web content management
work in progress
write-once, read-many
Web Service Description Language
WYSIWYG What You See Is What You Get
XAML
XCCS
XDR
XHTML
XLIFF
XML
xml:tm
XSL
XSLT
Extensible Application Markup Language
Xerox Character Code Standard
External Data Representation
Extensible HyperText Markup Language
XML Localization Interchange File Format
Extensible Markup Language
XML-based Text Memory
Extensible Stylesheet Language
Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformation
ZWNBS
zero width no break space
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A
abductive reasoning. In artificial intelligence and philosophy, reasoning
based on possible or hypothesized causes or explanations. It involves inferring the best or most plausible explanation from a given set of facts or data.
Abilene Paradox. A paradox in which a group of people collectively decides
on a course of action that is counter to the preferences of any of the individuals in the group. It involves a common breakdown of group communication
in which each member mistakenly believes that his or her own preference is
counter to the group’s and, thus, the person does not raise objections.
advanced leveraging. Within computer-aided translation tools, advanced
leveraging combines statistical analysis and linguistic intelligence to
create a new category of fuzzy matches that can lead to an increase in
translation productivity. It features full-text indexing capabilities that
allow users to search and retrieve text strings of any length, such as full
and fuzzy segments, paragraphs, terms and even subsegments.
agile. In this context, agile methods break tasks into small iterations with
minimal planning. Each iteration involves a team working through a full
software development cycle, for example, which speeds up release of the
product.
agglutination. In linguistics, combining short words or word elements into
a single word in order to express compound ideas.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI). An organization of American industry groups that work with other nations to develop standards in
facilitating telecommunications, character encoding and international trade.
American Sign Language (ASL). The dominant sign language of the deaf
community in the United States, in the English-speaking parts of Canada
and in parts of Mexico. Although the United Kingdom and the United
States share English as a spoken and written language, British Sign Language is quite different from ASL and not mutually intelligible.
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII). The
worldwide standard for the code numbers used by computers to represent
all the uppercase and lowercase Latin letters, numbers, punctuation and
other symbols.
anglophone. Someone who speaks the English language natively or by
adoption. The term specifically refers to people whose cultural background is primarily associated with the English language, regardless of
ethnic and geographical differences.
application programming interface (API). A software interface that
enables applications to communicate with each other. An API is the set of
programming language constructs or statements that can be coded in an
application program to obtain the specific functions and services provided
by an underlying operating system or service program.
application service provider (ASP). A service, usually a business, that provides
remote access to an application program across a network protocol, typically
HTTP. A common example is a website that other websites use for accepting
payment by credit card as part of its online ordering systems.
audio description (AD). A term used to describe the descriptive narration
of key visual elements in a video or multimedia product. AD makes the
visual images of media accessible for people who are blind and visually
impaired. The visual is made verbal. In AD, narrators typically describe
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actions, gestures, scene changes and other visual information. They also
describe titles, speaker names and other text that may appear on the screen.
automated machine translation (AMT). AMT and Caterpillar Technical English are development project collaborations between Caterpillar,
Inc., and Carnegie Mellon University to further improve the creation and
translation of technical documentation into three core languages: Spanish, French and German.
automatic content enrichment (ACE). A bridge between single language
websites and localization, ACE technology associates English words and
phrases on web pages with pop-ups containing information in a user’s
native language.
B
back translation. The process of translating a document that has already
been translated into another language back to the original language —
preferably by an independent translator.
Balkans. A geopolitical and cultural region of southeastern Europe. The
region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains, which run through the
center of Bulgaria into eastern Serbia.
Baltic states. The Baltic states are three countries in northern Europe,
all members of the European Union: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. After
centuries of foreign domination, the Baltic countries were reestablished as
independent nations in the aftermath of World War I in 1918-1920.
bidirectional (writing system). A writing system in which text is generally flush right, and most characters are written from right to left, but
some text is written left to right as well. Arabic and Hebrew are the only
bidirectional writing systems in current use.
bidirectional text (bidi). A mixture of characters within a text where
some are read from left to right and others from right to left. Bidirectional
or bidi refers to an application that allows for this variance.
Big5. The name of the Chinese character set and encoding used extensively in Taiwan. Big5 is not a national standard, but is equivalent to the
first two planes of CNS 11643-1992.
Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU). An algorithm for evaluating
the quality of text that has been machine translated from one natural language to another. Quality is considered to be the correspondence between
a machine’s output and that of a human. The closer that a machine
translation is to a human translation, the better it is. BLEU was one of
the first metrics to achieve a high correlation with human judgments of
quality and remains one of the most popular. Scores are calculated for
individual translated segments — generally sentences — by comparing
them with a set of good quality reference translations. Those scores are
then averaged over the whole corpus to reach an estimate of the translation’s overall quality. Intelligibility or grammatical correctness is not
taken into account.
bitext. A merged document comprised of both source language and target
language versions of a given text. Bitexts are generated by a piece of
software called an alignment tool, which automatically aligns the original
and translated versions of the same text.
bloggerati (sing. bloggerato). Adapted from literati, the term refers to the
“A-list bloggers” — popular and/or celebrity bloggers in the blogging
community.
bodyshopping. The practice of using offshore resources and personnel to
do small disaggregated tasks within a business environment without any
broader intention to offshore an entire business function.
branding. A name, logo, slogan and/or design scheme associated with a
product or service. Brand recognition and other reactions are created by
the use of the product or service and through the influence of advertising,
design and media commentary. A brand is a symbolic embodiment of all
the information connected to the product and serves to create associations
and expectations around it. A brand often includes a logo, fonts, color
schemes, symbols and sound that may be developed to represent implicit
values, ideas and even personality.
break-even point. The amount of sales or revenues that a company must
generate in order to equal its expenses. In other words, it is the point at
which the company neither makes a profit nor suffers a loss; there is no
net loss or gain. Break-even analysis provides insight into whether or
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not revenue from a product or service has the ability to cover the costs
of production of that product or service. Company executives can use
this information in making a wide range of business decisions, including
setting prices, preparing competitive bids and applying for loans.
BRIC. An acronym that refers to the fast growing and developing economies of Brazil, Russia, India and China.
business ethics. Examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and business
organizations as a whole.
byte-order mark (BOM). A Unicode character that indicates the byte
order of the Unicode text that follows.
C
captive center. A company-owned offshore operation. The activities are
performed offshore, but they are not outsourced to another company.
cascading style sheet (CSS). An external format that determines the layout
of tagged file formats such as HTML.
casual games. A category of electronic or computer games targeted at
a mass audience, casual games usually have a few simple rules and an
engaging game design, thereby making it easy for a new player to begin
playing the game in just minutes. Casual games require no long-term time
commitment or special skills to play, and there are comparatively low
production and distribution costs for the producer.
Catalan. A Romance language, the national and official language of
Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of the Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia — where it is known as
Valencian — and in the city of Alghero on the Italian island of Sardinia.
Although with no official recognition, it is also spoken in the autonomous
communities of Aragon and Murcia in Spain, and in the historic Roussillon
region of southern France.
Caterpillar Technical English (CTE). Consists of a controlled vocabulary —
approximately 80,000 technical terms — and all of the English grammatical
structures required when writing technical documentation. CTE ensures that
automated machine translation is able to translate what authors write in
English.
Catch-22. A term coined by Joseph Heller in his 1961 novel Catch-22,
describing a false dilemma where no real choice exists. A familiar example
of this circumstance occurs in the context of job searching. In moving
from school to a career, a graduate may encounter a Catch-22 where one
cannot get a job without work experience, but one cannot gain experience
without a job.
CE marking. The letters CE are the abbreviation of the French phrase conformité Européene that literally means European conformity. CE marking
on a product is a manufacturer’s declaration that the product complies
with the essential requirements of the relevant European health, safety and
environmental protection legislations.
Central America. The central geographic region of the Americas. It is the
southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which
connects with South America on the southeast. Central America has traditionally consisted of Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras,
Nicaragua and Panama.
Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Predominantly used to describe former
Communist countries in Europe after the collapse of the Iron Curtain in
1990. Later, it became an abbreviation mostly — still being not precisely
defined — referring to the European countries east of Germany and south
to the Balkan states. In most cases it includes Poland, Czech Republic,
Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and the Baltic states of Estonia,
Latvia and Lithuania. It sometimes also includes Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova
and Russia.
CESU-8. Similar to UTF-8, CESU-8 is a way of representing Unicode text.
CESU-8 uses six bytes for supplementary characters and is not appropriate
for data interchange.
character. The smallest component of written language that has semantic
value. A printed or written letter or symbol. In computing, the binary code
used to represent a letter or symbol.
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character identifier (CID). The key used to access outline (glyph) data in
CID-keyed fonts.
character set or charset. A defined set of characters used by a specific
computer system where no coded representation is assumed. The mapping
of characters from a writing system into a set of binary codes such as ANSI
or Unicode.
CJKV. The abbreviation for the languages Chinese, Japanese, Korean and
Vietnamese.
cloud computing. A style of computing in which dynamically scalable and
often virtualized resources are provided as a service over the internet. Users
need not have knowledge of, expertise in or control over the technology
infrastructure in the “cloud” that supports them. The term cloud is used as a
metaphor for the internet based on how the internet is depicted in computer
network diagrams and is an abstraction for the complex infrastructure it
conceals.
CNS. The Chinese National Standard (CNS) 11643-1992 defines a total of
48,027 characters and applies the EUC-TW (extended UNIX code-Taiwan)
to one-, two- and four-byte encoding.
code page. A table that defines the numeric index (computer code point
value) associated with each character in a specific set of characters. Each
character in a code page has a numerical index.
code sweep. A special tool that scans program code to identify areas where
character encoding will cause problems. Newer, internationalized code
anticipates these problems.
computational linguistics. The engineering of systems that process or
analyze written or spoken natural language. It is concerned with the computational aspects of the human language. Its goal is to provide computers
with the ability to produce and interpret human language.
computer-aided translation (CAT). Computer technology applications
that assist in the act of translating text from one language to another.
computer-based training (CBT). A form of education in which the student
learns by executing special training programs on a computer.
conditional text. Content within a document that is meant to appear in
some renditions of the document, but not other renditions. The text is
conditional in the sense that its inclusion or variation depends on which
version of the document is being produced.
consecutive interpreting. The interpreter begins his or her interpretation
of a complete message after the speaker has stopped producing the source
utterance. At the time that the interpretation is rendered, the interpreter is
the only person in the communication environment who is producing a
message. Normally, in consecutive interpreting, the interpreter is alongside
the speaker, listening and taking notes as the speech progresses. When the
speaker has finished or comes to a pause, the interpreter reproduces the
message in the target language, in its entirety and as though he or she were
making the original speech.
content management system (CMS). A system used to store and subsequently find and retrieve large amounts of data. CMSs were not originally
designed to synchronize translation and localization of content, so most
have been partnered with globalization management systems.
controlled authoring. Writing for reuse and translation. Controlled authoring is a process that integrates writing with localization so that the text can
be written for reuse and at the same time written for efficient translation.
controlled languages. Subsets of natural languages whose grammars and
dictionaries have been restricted in order to reduce or eliminate both ambiguity and complexity. Also, stylistic rules — such as not using certain verb
tenses or the passive voice — can be created, depending upon the group or
organization and its language usage goals.
controlled vocabulary. The standardization of words that may be used
to search an index, abstract or information database. There is usually a
published listing or thesaurus of preferred terms identifying the system’s
vocabulary.
corpus (pl. corpora). A large body of natural language text used for accumulating statistics on natural language text. Corpora often include extra
information such as a tag for each word indicating its part-of-speech and
perhaps the parse tree for each sentence.
creole language. A stable language that originates from a mixture of
various languages. The majority of creole languages are based on English, Portuguese, French, Spanish and other languages — their superstrate
language — with local or immigrant languages as substrate languages.
The lexicon of a creole usually consists of words clearly borrowed from a
superstrate language, except for phonetic and semantic shifts; on the other
hand, the grammar often has original features and may differ substantially
from those of the superstrate language.
cross-reference. As a noun, an instance within a document that refers to
related or synonymous information elsewhere, usually within the same
work. As a verb, the action of making this connection.
crowdsourcing. The act of taking a task traditionally performed by an
employee or contractor and outsourcing it to an undefined, generally large
group of people, in the form of an open call. For example, the public may
be invited to develop a new technology, carry out a design task, refine an
algorithm or help capture, systematize or analyze large amounts of data.
Cyrillic alphabet. Actually a family of alphabets, subsets of which are
used by certain East and South Slavic languages — Belarusian, Bulgarian,
Macedonian, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian and Ukrainian — as well as many
other languages of the former Soviet Union, Asia and Eastern Europe. With
the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union (EU) on January 1, 2007,
Cyrillic became the third official alphabet of the EU.
D
DAU/MAU. Daily active users divided by monthly active users. Measures
the percentage of players that show up every day to social games. If a
game’s DAU/MAU is .3, then around a third of the game’s total players
are checking in at least once each day. DAU/MAU is commonly thought to
show how addictive a game is.
Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA). An XML-based architecture for authoring, producing and delivering technical information. This
architecture consists of a set of design principles for creating “informationtyped” modules at a topic level and for using that content in delivery
modes such as online help and product support portals on the web.
data mining. Analysis of data in a database using tools that look for trends
or anomalies without knowledge of the meaning of the data. Data mining
uses computational techniques from statistics and pattern recognition.
desktop publishing (DTP). Using computers to lay out text and graphics
for printing in magazines, newsletters, brochures and so on. A good DTP
system provides precise control over templates, styles, fonts, sizes, color,
paragraph formatting, images and fitting text into irregular shapes.
diacritic. A mark or sign placed under, over or through a Latin script character that indicates a modification in the phonetic value of the character
with which it is associated.
dialect. A variety of a language used by people from a particular geographic
area. The number of speakers and the area itself can be of arbitrary size.
A dialect is a complete system of verbal communication — oral or signed
but not necessarily written — with its own vocabulary and/or grammar.
diaspora. A dispersion of a people from their original homeland or the
dispersion of an originally homogeneous entity, such as a language or
culture.
diphthong. A complex speech sound or glide that begins with one vowel
sound and gradually changes to another within the same syllable, such as
coin, loud and side.
disambiguation. The process of rewriting or reconstructing a sentence so
that one of its possible meanings is singled out.
document type definition (DTD). States what tags and attributes are used
to describe content in SGML documents, where each tag is allowed, and
which tags can appear within other tags.
domain. A knowledge domain that a user is interested in or is communicating about. A group of computers or devices that share a common
directory database and are administered as a unit.
dongle. A security or copy-protection device for commercial computer programs. Programs can use a dongle query at the start of a program to determine
if the registration is valid and to terminate if the correct code is not present.
double-byte character set (DBCS). This term has two basic meanings. In
CJK (Chinese-Japanese-Korean) computing, the term traditionally means
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a character set in which every graphic character not representable by an
accompanying SBCS (single-byte character set) is encoded in two bytes.
Han characters would generally comprise most of these two-byte characters. The term can also mean a character set in which all characters
— including all control characters — are encoded in two bytes.
double-byte languages. Languages such as Chinese, Japanese and Korean
(CJK) that use twice as much memory because their characters are more
complex and graphical than Roman alphabet letters. CJK languages are
character-based with each character referring to an idea as opposed to a
specific shape.
dubbing. In filmmaking, the process of recording or replacing voices for
a motion picture. The term is most commonly used in reference to voices
recorded that do not belong to the original actors and speak in a different
language than the actor is speaking.
E
e-governance. The public sector’s use of information and communication
technologies with the aim of improving information and service delivery,
encouraging citizen participation in the decision-making process and
making government more accountable, transparent and effective.
e-government. Refers to a government’s use of information technology
to exchange information and services with citizens, businesses and other
arms of government. E-government may be applied by the legislature,
judiciary or administration in order to improve internal efficiency, the
delivery of public services or the processes of democratic governance.
e-learning. The use of internet technology for learning outside of a physical classroom.
80/20 Rule. Also known as Pareto’s Principle, the law of the vital few and
the principle of factor sparsity. The rule states that for many phenomena,
80% of the consequences stem from 20% of the causes. Management
thinker Joseph M. Juran suggested the principle, and it was named after
the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, who observed that 80% of income
in Italy was received by 20% of the Italian population. The assumption is
that most of the results in any situation are determined by a small number
of causes. This idea is often applied to data such as sales figures: “20%
of clients are responsible for 80% of sales volume.” Such a statement is
testable, is likely to be correct and may be helpful in decision making.
embedded media. Media that can be included in an HTML page, such as
RealAudio files or GIF animations. Web browsers use multipurpose internet
mail extensions (MIME types), a specification for formatting these nonASCII messages so that they can be sent over the internet. When a browser
finds a file in an HTML document with a MIME extension such as .gif, the
browser knows to display that file as an image. Many e-mail clients also
support MIME.
embedded system. Hardware and software that make up a component of
a larger system, often for real-time response, that is expected to function
without human intervention.
encoding scheme. Rules for assigning numeric value (code points) to
characters. Encoding is a method by which a character set is turned into
computerized form for transmission and preservation.
endangered language. A language that is at risk of falling out of use,
generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its native
speakers, it becomes an extinct language.
enterprise application interface (EAI). Created to facilitate the flow of
information and to connect transactions among distributed and complex
applications and business processes within enterprises.
enterprise resource planning (ERP). An amalgamation of a company’s
information systems so that data from various functions such as human
resources, inventories and financials are bound together and linked to
customers and vendors.
escort interpreting. The interpreter accompanies a person or a delegation
on a tour, on a visit or to a meeting or interview. These specialists interpret
on a variety of subjects, both on an informal basis and on a professional
level, and most of the interpretation is consecutive.
ETSI. European Telecommunications Standards Institute, one of the world’s
most influential producers of telecommunications standards.
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European. Refers to languages such as English, French, Russian and Greek
that use single-byte encoding schemes for their alphabets.
European Union (EU). An intergovernmental and supranational union of
27 democratic member states. The EU was established under that name in
1992 by the Treaty on European Union (the Maastricht Treaty).
extended UNIX code (EUC). A multibyte encoding design used to encode
Japanese, Chinese, Korean and Taiwanese on UNIX systems.
Extensible Markup Language (XML). A programming language/specification pared down from SGML, an international standard for the publication and delivery of electronic information, designed especially for web
documents.
Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL). A language for expressing style
sheets, controlling formatting and other output behavior.
F
FIGS. An acronym for the languages French, Italian, German and Spanish.
file transfer protocol (FTP). A common way to move files between host
computers and sometimes personal computers.
francophone. Used to describe a French-speaking person. Geopolitically, it
refers to a person who speaks French as a first language or who self-identifies with this language group. As an adjective, it means French-speaking,
whether referring to individuals, groups or places.
free text. Data that is entered into a field without any formal or predefined structure other than the normal use of grammar and punctuation.
freelance translator. Also known as a freelancer, an independent translator who sells his or her services to a client on a job-to-job basis or without
a long-term commitment to any one employer.
full match. A source text segment that corresponds exactly (100%) with a
previously stored sentence in a translation memory tool.
fuzzy match. Refers to the situation when a phrase or sentence in a translation memory (TM) is similar (but not a 100% match) to the sentence or
phrase the translator is currently working on. The TM tool calculates the
degree of similarity or “fuzziness” as a percentage figure.
G
gamification. The use of game design, game thinking and game mechanics
to enhance non-game contexts.
GB 18030. A non-Unicode code page extending the traditional Chinese standard and containing room for 1.6 million characters. GB 18030 can include
one-, two- or four-byte characters and includes support for Mongolian,
Tibetan, Yi and Uyghur, as well as all previously supported Chinese scripts.
Geert Hofstede. An influential Dutch writer on the interactions between
national cultures and organizational cultures, and the author of several
books, including Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors,
Institutions and Organizations Across Nations and Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, coauthored with his son Gert Jan Hofstede.
Hofstede’s study demonstrates that national and regional cultural groupings affect the behavior of societies and organizations and that they are
persistent across time.
gist translation. A less-than-perfect translation performed by machine or
automatic translation.
Global information management Metrics eXchange – Volume (GMX-V).
A word and character count standard for electronic documents. GMX-V
was developed and maintained by OSCAR (Open Standards for Container/
Content Allowing Re-use), a special interest group of LISA (Localization
Industry Standards Association). GMX-V, one of the tripartite series of
standards from LISA, deals with electronic document metrics. GMX is
made up of the following standards: GMX-V — Volume; GMX-C — Complexity; and GMX-Q — Quality.
global positioning system (GPS). The only fully functional global navigation satellite system. Utilizing a constellation of at least 24 medium
earth orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals, the system
enables a GPS receiver to determine its location, speed, direction and time.
GPS is funded by and controlled by the US Department of Defense. While
there are many thousands of civil users of GPS worldwide, the system was
designed for and is operated by the US military.
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globalization (g11n). Refers to the process that addresses business issues
associated with launching a product globally, such as integrating localization throughout a company after proper internationalization and product
design. In g11n, the common abbreviation for globalization, the 11 refers
to the 11 letters between the g and the n.
globalization management system (GMS). Focuses on managing the
translation and localization cycles and synchronizing those with source
content management. Provides the capability of centralizing linguistic
assets in the form of translation databases, leveraging glossaries and
branding standards across global content.
glocal. Derived from the combination of the words global and local. The
word refers to the creation or distribution of products or services intended
for a global or transregional market, but customized to suit local language,
laws and culture.
glocalization. A blending of the words globalization and localization, the term
refers to the individual, group, division, unit, organization or community that
is willing and able to think globally and act locally. Glocalization emphasizes
that the globalization of a product is more likely to succeed when the product
or service is adapted specifically to each locality or culture in which it is
marketed.
glossarization. Refers to the process of locating and translating productspecific terminology. All available materials undergo a linguistic review,
then are compiled and translated to ensure consistency and fluency among
different versions.
glossary. In the context of localization, a glossary is a list of source language
terms paired with a list of corresponding terms in the target language.
glyph. The shape representation or pictograph of a character.
GNU. Short for GNU is Not UNIX. GNU is a UNIX-compatible software
system that is nonproprietary.
GMX-V. Global information management Metrics eXchange-Volume. A
standard that attempts to measure volume by establishing a verifiable way
of calculating the primary word and character counts for a given electronic
document, as well as establishing a specific XML vocabulary that enables
the automatic exchange of metric data.
google. As a verb, refers to using the Google search engine to obtain information on the web.
gross domestic product (GDP). One of the measures of national income
and output for a given country’s economy. The most common approach to
measuring and quantifying GDP is the expenditure method: GDP = consumption + gross investment + government spending + (exports – imports).
gross margin. The amount of contribution to the business enterprise, after
paying for direct-fixed and direct-variable unit costs, required to cover
overheads (fixed commitments) and to provide a buffer for unknown items.
It expresses the relationship between gross profit and sales revenue.
guanxi. A central concept in Chinese society and describing the basic
dynamic in personalized networks of influence. Guanxi is, in part, a personal connection between two people in which one is able to prevail upon
another to perform a favor or service or be prevailed upon. The two people
need not be of equal social status. It could also be a network of contacts,
which an individual can call upon when something needs to be done and
through which he or she can exert influence on behalf of another.
H
hangul. Invented in the fifteenth century, the native alphabet of the
Korean language, as opposed to the nonalphabetic hanja system borrowed
from China. Each hangul syllabic block consists of several of the 24 letters
(jamo) — 14 consonants and 10 vowels.
hanja. The Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically, it refers
to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into
the Korean language with Korean pronunciation.
hanzi. A logogram, literally meaning Han character, used in writing Chinese. These Chinese characters have also been borrowed for use in Japanese (kanji), less frequently Korean (hanja), and formerly Vietnamese (hán
tự), and other languages.
hard-coding. Refers to the software development practice of embedding data directly into the source code or fixed formatting. Hard-coding
requires the program’s source code to be changed any time the desired data
changes, when it might be more convenient to the end user to change the
detail by some means outside the program.
hashtags. A community-driven convention for adding additional context
and metadata to tweets. Hashtags have the hash or pound symbol (#)
preceding the tag, for example, #collegefootball, #Beatles or #oilspill.
Hashtags can occur anywhere in a tweet.
hidden Markov model (HMM). A statistical technique with training algorithms that can process a large quantity of training data and can automatically train a system to recognize particular speech patterns.
hiragana. A flowing phonetic subscript of the native Japanese writing
system. In hiragana, all of the sounds of the Japanese language are represented by 50 syllables.
Hispanic. A term that historically denoted relation to ancient Hispania
(geographically coinciding with the Iberian peninsula — modern-day
Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar) and/or to its pre-Roman peoples.
The term now refers to the culture and people of Spain plus the Spanishspeaking countries of the Americas.
homograph. One of two or more words that have the same spelling but
differ in origin, meaning and sometimes pronunciation. An example is
wind (weather) and wind (activity).
homophone. A word that has the same pronunciation as another but different meaning, derivation or spelling. Examples are there and their, foe
and faux, and time and thyme.
honorific. Linguistic honorifics convey formality, social distance, politeness, humility, deference or respect through the choice of an alternate
form such as an affix or change in person and number. In Japanese, for
example, the system of honorifics is extensive and mandatory in many
social situations.
HyperText Markup Language (HTML). A markup language that uses tags
to structure text into headings, paragraphs, lists and links, and tells a web
browser how to display text and images on a web page.
I
“I” form interpretation. Interpretation in the first person, where the interpreter acts as a neutral portal and attempts to capture the feeling and tone
of whomever he or she is interpreting for.
ideographic language. A written language in which each character
represents an idea, concept or other component of meaning, rather than
pronunciation alone. Japanese kanji, Chinese hanzi and Korean hanja are
examples of ideographic writing systems.
information retrieval. The science of searching for information in documents, searching for documents themselves, searching for metadata that
describe documents or searching within databases, whether relational
stand-alone databases or hypertext networked databases such as the internet or intranets, for text, sound, images or data.
input method editor (IME). A way to input via keyboard that makes use of
additional windows for character editing or selection in order to facilitate
entry of alternate writing systems.
internationalization (i18n). Especially in a computing context, the process of generalizing a product so that it can handle multiple languages
and cultural conventions — currency, number separators, dates and so on
— without the need for redesign. In i18n, the common abbreviation for
internationalization, the 18 refers to the 18 letters between the i and the n.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO). A network of
national standards institutes from 145 countries working in partnership with
international organizations, governments, industry, business and consumer
representatives. ISO acts as a bridge between public and private sectors.
internaut. A cyber slang term for a designer, operator or technically capable
professional user of the internet, someone who is ultra-familiar with the
internet as an entity and with cyberspace in general. The word is a combination of internet and astronaut. Other terms roughly analogous with internaut are cybernaut and netizen, though each has its own connotation. The
common thread among them, however, is an implication of experience and
knowledge of the internet or cyberspace that goes beyond the casual user.
Inuktitut. The name of the varieties of the Inuit language spoken in
Canada, including parts of the provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador,
Québec, to some extent in northeastern Manitoba as well as the territories
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of Nunavut, the Northwest Territories and traditionally on the Arctic Ocean
coast of the Yukon Territory. Inuktitut is recognized as an official language
in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories.
J
Java. A programming language originally developed by Sun Microsystems
and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun’s Java platform. The
language derives much of its syntax from C and C++ but has a simpler
object model and fewer low-level facilities. Java applications are typically
compiled to byte code that can run on any Java virtual machine regardless
of computer architecture.
Java Computer-Assisted Translation (JCAT). A Java-based translation tool
that takes advantage of XML features. JCAT primarily benefits linguists.
JavaScript. An open-source scripting language for design of interactive
websites. JavaScript can interact with HTML source code, enabling web
developers to use dynamic content. For example, JavaScript makes it easy
to respond to user-initiated events (such as form input) without having to
use common gateway interface.
Java Server Pages (JSP). JSP have dynamic scripting capability that works
in tandem with HTML code, separating the page logic from the static elements — the actual design and display of the page — to help make the
HTML more functional.
JIS. The acronym for the Japanese Industrial Standard, which is the Japanese equivalent of ANSI.
K
kana. The two Japanese syllabaries — hiragana and katakana.
kanji. The Chinese characters that are used in the modern Japanese
logographic writing system along with hiragana, katakana and the HinduArabic numerals. The Japanese term kanji literally means Han characters.
Despite the existence of some 13,000 kanji characters, these alone do not
suffice to write Japanese. Hiragana characters are also required to express
grammatical inflections.
katakana. A Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing
system along with hiragana, kanji and in some cases the Latin alphabet.
The word katakana means fragmentary kana, as they are derived from
components of more complex kanji. Katakana are characterized by short
straight strokes and angular corners and are the simplest of the Japanese scripts. Katakana and hiragana both render the same syllables, but
katakana is angular and used largely to spell words borrowed from other
languages, while hiragana is cursive and is used more frequently to spell
native Japanese words.
kernel. The central module of an operating system, it loads first and
remains in memory to control memory management, disk management,
and process and task management.
keyword. Any word on a web page. Keyword searching is the most common form of text search on the web. Most search engines do their text
query and retrieval using keywords.
L
Latin America. The region of the Americas where Romance languages —
those derived from Latin, namely Spanish and Portuguese — are officially
or primarily spoken.
Latina, Latino. The demonyms Latina (feminine) and Latino (masculine)
are defined in several English language dictionaries as persons of Hispanic,
especially Latin American, descent, often living in the United States. In
the United States, the term is in official use in the ethnonym Hispanic or
Latino, defined as “a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or
Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race.”
Neither Hispanic nor Latino refers to a race, as a person of Latino or Hispanic ethnicity can be of any race.
learning management system (LMS). Software that automates the administration of training events.
lemmatize. To sort so as to group together inflected or variant forms of
the same words.
leverage/leveraging. Refers to the amount of previously translated text
from an earlier release that can be reused or recycled.
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lexicography. The act of compiling dictionaries.
LI18NUX2000 Global Specification. Based on specifications drawn up by
several working groups within Li18nux, LI18NUX2000 Global Specification includes globalization functionality features from commercial UNIX
systems as well as operating system recommendations to ease the development of internationalized application software.
ligature. Refers to a glyph that is created when two or more characters are
combined to form a new, single typographical character.
lingua franca. A language that is adopted as a common language between
speakers whose native languages are different.
linguist. Someone who is accomplished in languages. A student or practitioner of the subject of linguistics (the scientific study of languages and
their structures).
Linux. A free open-source UNIX-type operating system that runs on a
number of hardware platforms.
LISA. The Localization Industry Standards Association, declared insolvent
on February 28, 2011.
loanword. A word or phrase adopted from another language with little or
no modification.
locale. An international language and geographic region that also embodies common language and cultural information. Locale differs from
language in that the same language may be spoken in more than one
country. Locale also refers to the features of a user’s computing environment that are dependent on geographic location, language and cultural
information. A locale specifically determines conventions such as sort
order rules; date, time and currency formats; keyboard layout; and other
cultural conventions.
localization (l10n). The process of adapting a product or software to a
specific language or culture so that it seems natural to that particular
region. True localization considers language, culture, customs and the
characteristics of the target locale. It frequently involves changes to the
software’s writing system and may change keyboard use and fonts as well
as date, time and monetary formats. In l10n, the common abbreviation for
localization, the 10 refers to the ten letters between the l and the n.
the long tail. The statistical property that a large share of the population rests within the tail of a probability distribution. In localization, it
refers to the large number or languages or cultures that taken uniquely
would only represent small percentages of world population. The term
has gained popularity in recent times as a retailing concept describing
the niche strategy of selling a large number of unique items in relatively
small quantities. The term was popularized by Chris Anderson in an
October 2004 Wired magazine article, in which he mentioned Amazon
and Netflix as examples of businesses applying this strategy.
lossy. Describes a compression algorithm that reduces the amount of information in data, rather than just the number of bits used to represent that
information.
M
machine-aided translation (MAT). Computer technology applications
that assist in the translation of text from one spoken language to another,
based on the concept of translation memory and the reuse of previously
translated terms and sentences.
machine translation (MT). A technology that translates text from one
human language to another, using terminology glossaries and advanced
grammatical, syntactic and semantic analysis techniques.
Maghreb. Usually defined as most of the region of North Africa west of Egypt.
It is partially isolated from the rest of the continent by the Atlas Mountains and
the Sahara desert. Berber activists have called the region Tamazgha, meaning
land of the Berbers, since the second half of the twentieth century.
massive online collaboration. Massive collaboration is a form of collective
action that occurs when large numbers of people work independently on a
single project, often modular in its nature. Such projects typically take place
on the internet using social software and computer-supported collaboration
tools that provide a potentially infinite hypertextual substrate within which
the collaboration may be situated. A key aspect that distinguishes massive
collaboration from other forms of large-scale collaboration is that the
collaborative process is mediated by the content being created — as
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opposed to being mediated by direct social interaction as in other forms of
collaboration.
massively multiplayer online game (MMOG). A type of computer game
that enables hundreds or thousands of players to simultaneously interact
in a game world to which they are connected via the internet.
massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG). A multiplayer computer role-playing game that enables thousands of players to
play in an evolving virtual world at the same time over the internet.
MENA. An acronym for Middle East and North Africa. The list of countries
and territories has no standard definition, and sometimes spreads as far as
Malta, Azerbaijan and Somalia.
mergers and acquisitions (M&A). Refers to the aspect of corporate strategy, corporate finance and management dealing with the buying, selling
and combining of different companies that can aid, finance or help a
growing company in a given industry expand rapidly without having to
create another business entity.
metadata. Structural metadata covers the design and specification of data
structures, while descriptive metadata is about individual instances of
application data, or the data content. Metadata is often described as data
about data, or data about data context.
metrics. Denotes the science of measuring as applied to a specific field
of study.
morpheme. The smallest linguistic unit that has semantic meaning.
morphology. The branch of grammar that studies the structure or forms
of words. The main branches are inflectional morphology, derivational
morphology and compounding.
multilingual. Refers to software that supports more than one language
simultaneously, thereby allowing the end user to select multiple languages
and formats. This software allows data containing multiple languages to be
entered, processed, presented and transmitted multinationally.
multilingual workflow system (MWS). A computer program that creates
an environment to support and orchestrate a range of activities that facilitate the development of multilingual products. An MWS should contain
a globalization management system for managing multilingual content,
along with translation memory and machine translation.
multimedia. In computing, multimedia describes a number of diverse technologies that allow visual and audio media to be combined. Entertainment,
education and advertising applications, among others, use a computer to
present and combine text, graphics, video, animation and sound.
multimodal. Multimodal access for a personal computer, telephone, personal digital assistant and other devices allows input via speech, keyboard,
mouse, stylus and/or other methods; outputs include speech, audio and
graphical displays.
N
n-gram. A sequence of items, such as letters or words, can be predicted
using n-gram models to show probability, where n refers to the number of
items in the sequence. Some stemming techniques use the n-gram context
of a word to choose the correct stem.
Namespaces. XML Namespaces provide a simple method for qualifying element and attribute names used in Extensible Markup Language (XML) documents by associating them with namespaces identified by URI references. XML
Namespaces are the solution to the problem of ambiguity and name collisions.
nanosyntax. A term used to describe an approach to syntax in which syntactic trees are built up out of a large number of elements. Each morpheme may
correspond to several such elements, which do not have to form a subtree.
national language support (NLS). A function that allows a software application to set the locale for the user, identify the language in which the user
works, and retrieve strings — representing times, dates and other information — formatted correctly for the specified language and location. NLS
also includes support for keyboard layouts and language-specific fonts.
natural language processing (NLP). A main focus of computational linguistics, the aim of NLP is to devise techniques to automatically analyze
large quantities of spoken (transcribed) or written text in ways that parallel
what happens when humans perform this task.
nearshoring. A form of outsourcing in which an activity — for example,
business processes or software development — is relocated to locations
that are, generally, cheaper and yet geographically nearer than offshore
locations.
.NET. Microsoft platform for applications that work over the internet.
netizen. A blend of internet and citizen, a person actively involved in
online communities. Netizens use the internet to engage in activities of
the extended social groups of the web — for example, giving and receiving
viewpoints, furnishing information, fostering the internet as an intellectual
and social resource, and making choices for the self-assembled communities. Generally, a netizen can be any user of the worldwide, unstructured
forums of the internet.
notified bodies. Organizations designated by the national governments of the
member states of the European Union as being competent to make independent judgments about whether or not a product complies with the protection
— essential safety — requirements laid down by each CE marking directive.
O
OASIS. Organization for Advancement of Structured Information Standards (formerly called SGML Open). An IT standardization consortium
based in the state of Massachusetts. Its foundational sponsors include IBM
and Microsoft. Localization buy-side, toolmakers and service providers are
also well represented.
OAXAL. OASIS Open Architecture for XML Authoring and Localization. A
technical committee encouraging the development of an open standards
approach to XML authoring and localization.
OSCAR. LISA’s technical committee (special interest group) for actual
standardization work. Explanation of the acronym is somewhat strained,
meaning Open Standards for Container/Content Allowing Reuse. OSCAR
was dissolved along with LISA in February 2008.
offshore outsourcing (offshoring). The practice of engaging a third-party
provider in another country — often on another continent or “shore” — to
perform tasks or services often performed in-house.
ontology. An explicit formal specification of how to represent the objects,
concepts and other entities that are assumed to exist in some area of interest and the relationships that hold among them.
open-source software. Any computer software distributed under a license
that allows users to change and/or share the software freely. End users
have the right to modify and redistribute the software, as well as the right
to package and sell the software.
OpenI18N certification. A certification program that uses an independent authority to verify whether a Linux distribution is adhering to the
industry-developed internationalization standard.
OpenType fonts. OpenType fonts are cross-platform, self-contained files
and contain advanced typographic features such as glyph substitution and
metrics overrides.
operating system (OS). The software that drives the hardware associated
with a computer system.
optical character recognition (OCR). Recognition of printed or written
characters by a computer. Involves computer software designed to translate images of typewritten text — usually captured by a scanner — into
machine-editable text or to translate pictures of characters into a standard
encoding scheme representing them in ASCII or Unicode.
original equipment manufacturer (OEM). OEMs buy computers in bulk
and customize them for a particular application. OEMs then sell the customized computers under their own names. Therefore, OEMs are really the
customizers and not the original manufacturers of the equipment.
outsource. To hire a third-party provider to perform tasks or services often
performed in-house.
P
PanImages. From the Greek prefix pan, meaning whole or all-inclusive, an
image search engine that automatically translates a search term into about
300 other languages, suggests a few that might work and then displays
images from Google and the online photo database Flickr.
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parser. A computer program that takes a set of sentences as input and
identifies the structure of the sentences according to a given grammar. The
term parser is sometimes used generically in cases where the sentences are
made up of information units of any kind.
pay per click (PPC). An advertising technique used on websites, advertising networks and search engines. With search engines, PPC advertisements
are usually text ads placed near search results. When a site visitor clicks on
the advertisement, the advertiser is charged a small amount.
personalization. Sometimes referred to as one-to-one marketing, personalization involves using technology to accommodate the differences
among individuals. Web pages are personalized based on the characteristics — interests, social category, context and so on — of an individual. Personalization is a means of meeting the customer’s needs more effectively
and efficiently, making interactions faster and easier, and, consequently,
increasing customer satisfaction and the likelihood of repeat visits.
phonology. The part of linguistics that deals with systems of sounds especially in a particular language.
pinyin. More formally Hanyu pinyin, the most commonly used Romanization
system for Standard Mandarin. Hanyu is the Han (Chinese) language, and
pinyin means phonetics or, more literally, spelling sound or spelled sound.
plug-ins. Software modules that add a specific feature or service to a
larger system.
porteño. A common reference to the people of Buenos Aires, Argentina. In
Spanish, it literally describes a person who is from a port city, and is also
used as an adjective for anything related to those port cities.
pretranslation. Involves the preparation of files for translation where the
existing files already contain related segments of previously translated
data. Only 100% matches are replaced, with the result being a set of files
containing both source and target language terminology.
project management (PM). The systematic planning, organizing and
controlling of allocated resources to accomplish project cost, time and performance objectives. PM is normally reserved for focused, nonrepetitive,
time-limited activities with some degree of risk.
project manager. A professional in the field of project management. He
or she has the responsibility of the planning, execution and closing of
any project. Key project management responsibilities include creating clear
and attainable project objectives, building the project requirements and
managing the triple constraint for projects — cost, time and scope.
prosumer. This word is becoming fairly common but can be confusing, and has
two meanings. Futurist Alvin Toffler in his 1980 book The Third Wave coined
the word as a blend of producer and consumer when he predicted that the role
of producers and consumers would begin to blur and merge. Toffler used it to
describe a possible future type of consumer who would become involved in the
design and manufacture of products so that they could be made to individual
specification. The second usage describes a purchaser of technical equipment
who wants to obtain goods of a better quality than consumer items, but can’t
afford professional items — older terms for goods of this intermediate quality are
semiprofessional and industrial quality. Here, the word is a blend of professional
and consumer.
pseudo-localization. Translates the code strings of a product into “pseudostrings.” The resulting “pseudo-language” is designed to test the impact
that different aspects of localization have on the product’s functionality
and appearance.
pseudo-translation. Similar to a test run that seeks to copy the translation
process rather than actually produce a translation. A text string is taken
and put through a translation-like process that alters it and produces a new
string. The text string is frequently changed as a result of this process, so
pseudo-translation is done to illustrate the potential problems that may
occur when the translation is actually done.
Q
quality assurance (QA). The activity of providing evidence needed to
establish confidence among all concerned that quality-related activities are being performed effectively. All those planned or systematic
actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that a product or service will satisfy given requirements for quality. QA covers all activities
from design, development, production and installation to servicing and
documentation.
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R
radical. The root or base form of a word. The building blocks of Chinese
characters of which the most common set contains 214 radicals. Radicals
themselves are composed of strokes.
Resource Description Framework (RDF). A formal data model from the
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) for machine understandable metadata
used to provide standard descriptions of web resources.
return on investment (ROI). In finance, the ratio of money gained or lost
on an investment relative to the amount of money invested. The amount
of money gained or lost may be referred to as interest, profit/loss, gain/
loss or net income/loss.
right-to-left languages. Languages such as Hebrew, Arabic, Urdu and
Farsi are written primarily right to left. This text flow presents significant
text and graphic layout implications.
romaji. The application of the Latin alphabet to write the Japanese language. Japanese who have attended elementary school since World War II
have been taught to read and write romanized Japanese. Therefore, almost
all Japanese are able to read and write Japanese using romaji.
romanization. In linguistics, the representation of a word or language with
the Roman (Latin) alphabet, or a system for doing so, where the original
word or language uses a different writing system.
rule-based machine translation (RBMT). The application of sets of linguistic rules that are defined as correspondences between the structure
of the source language and that of the target language. The first stage
involves analyzing the input text for morphology and syntax — and sometimes semantics — to create an internal representation. The translation
is then generated from this representation using extensive lexicons with
morphological, syntactic and semantic information, and large sets of rules.
S
SAE J2450. A translation quality metric developed by a subcommittee of the
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) for use in the automotive industry.
Sanskrit. A historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical
language of Hinduism, Jainism and Mahayana Buddhism. Currently, it is
an official language of the state of Uttarakhand in northern India.
search engine. A program designed to help find information stored on a
computer system such as the worldwide web or a personal computer. A
search engine allows a user to ask for content meeting specific criteria —
typically those containing a given word, phrase or name — and retrieves a
list of references that match those criteria.
search engine optimization (SEO). A set of methods aimed at improving the
ranking of a website in search engine listings. SEO is primarily concerned
with advancing the goals of a website by improving the number and position
of its organic search results for a wide variety of relevant keywords.
Segmentation Rules eXchange (SRX). The vendor-neutral standard for
describing how translation and other language-processing tools segment
text for processing. It allows translation memory and other linguistic tools
to describe the language-specific processes by which text is broken into
segments (usually sentences or paragraphs) for further processing.
semantic. Part of the structure of language, along with phonology, morphology, syntax and pragmatics, which involves understanding the meaning of words, sentences and texts.
Semantic Web. An extension of the worldwide web that provides a common framework allowing data to be shared and reused across application,
enterprise and community boundaries. It is based on Resource Description
Framework (RDF), which integrates a variety of applications using XML for
syntax and URLs for naming.
serious games. Computer and video games that are intended to not only
entertain users, but have additional purposes such as education and training.
They can be similar to educational games and are primarily focused on an
audience outside of primary or secondary education. A serious game is usually a simulation that has the look and feel of a game, but is actually a simulation of real-world events or processes. The main goal of a serious game is
usually to train or educate users, though it may have other purposes, such
as marketing or advertisement, while giving them an enjoyable experience.
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service-oriented architecture (SOA). A software architectural concept that
defines the use of services to support the requirements of software users.
sight translation. With sight translation, the input is visual (the written
word) rather than oral (the spoken word). Reading comprehension is an
important element of sight translation.
simple object access protocol (SOAP). A standard for exchanging XMLbased messages over a computer network, normally using HTTP.
Simplified Chinese. Refers to one of two standard Chinese character sets
of printed contemporary Chinese written language, officially simplified by
the government of the People’s Republic of China in an attempt to promote literacy. Simplified Chinese is used in mainland China and Singapore,
modified to be written with fewer strokes per character.
simship. A term used to refer to the simultaneous shipment of software products in different languages or with other distinguishing differences in design.
simultaneous interpreting. The interpreter reformulates the message into
the target language as quickly as possible while the source speaker is speaking. Normally, in simultaneous interpreting between spoken languages, the
interpreter sits at a microphone in a soundproof booth, usually with a
clear view of the speaker, listening through headphones to the incoming
message in the source language. The interpreter then relays the message in
the target language into the microphone to whoever is listening.
single-source concept. Documentation according to single-source concept
means using a common source to provide documentation in several output
formats (printed manual, online help).
social games. In this context, a social network game, a type of online
game distributed primarily through social networks such as Facebook.
Social games are usually characterized by community, often built around
the existing social network, and the ability to drop in and out of the game
without ever winning or losing.
social media. Refers to the web-based and mobile technologies used to
turn communication into an interactive dialogue. It builds on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0, and typically allows for the
creation and exchange of user-generated content. Social media can take on
many different forms, including internet forums, social networking sites,
blogs, microblogging, wikis and interactive visual media.
social network. An online service, platform or site that focuses on building
social relations among people, who, for example, share interests or activities. A social network service essentially consists of a representation of
each user (often a profile), his or her social links and a variety of additional
services. Most social network services are web-based and provide means
for users to interact over the internet. Facebook, LinkedIn and Foursquare
are popular social networks used for different purposes.
source language (SL). A language that is to be translated into another
language.
South America. A continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere. It is bordered on
the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic
Ocean; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest.
SRX. Segmentation Rules eXchange. An XML-based standard used to
describe how to segment text for translation and other language-related
processes. It was created to enhance the leverage of the TMX standard.
standard generalized markup language (SGML). An international standard for information exchange that prescribes a standard format for using
descriptive markup within a document, defining three document layers:
structure, content and style.
statistical machine translation (SMT). A machine translation paradigm
where translations are generated on the basis of statistical models whose
parameters are derived from the analysis of bilingual text corpora. SMT
is the translation of text from one human language to another by a computer that learned how to translate from vast amounts of translated text.
stemming. The process of reducing inflected words to their base or root
form. There are several types of stemming algorithms of varying accuracy,
but having a stemming algorithm in place can be important in linguistic
information retrieval.
streaming. Streaming allows a computer user to see and hear an audio/
video file as it is transferred. Player programs for platforms such as
Windows Media, RealNetworks and QuickTime (available free) must be
downloaded to decompress audio/video files for listening or viewing.
Streaming video is usually sent from prerecorded video files, but can be
broadcast live.
supply chain management (SCM). An electronic alternative to the traditional paper chain, enabling participating suppliers to access up-to-date
company information and enabling companies to better manage and track
supply and demand.
sustaining engineering. Engineering and technical support that follows
release of requirements and specifications in the path to deliver an end
product. Sustaining engineers are responsible for a system’s upkeep, and
monitoring the data it creates.
syllabary. A table of syllables or more specifically a set of the syllabic
symbols/characters in which each character represents a syllable, used in
certain languages such as Japanese.
syntax. The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences.
T
target language (TL). The language that a source text is being translated into.
TBCS-EUC. A triple-byte character set (TBCS) encoded according to the
specification of the extended UNIX code (EUC).
TBX. TermBase eXchange standard. A standard for terminology and term
exchange.
technical committee (TC). Standardization bodies usually own, create,
maintain and update technical standards through purpose-specific technical committees. In organizational structures such as OASIS, Unicode and
ISO, they are called technical committees, while in others such as W3C
they are not. They may also be referred to as an Industry Specification
Group, Working Group, Special Interest Group and so on.
telephone interpreting. The interpreter, who is usually based in a remote
location, provides interpretation via telephone for two individuals who do
not speak the same language. Most often, telephone interpreting is performed in the consecutive mode. This means that the interpreter listens to
each utterance first and then proceeds to render it into the other language,
as opposed to speaking and listening simultaneously.
terminology management. Primarily concerned with manipulating terminological resources for specific purposes — for example, establishing
repositories of terminological resources for publishing dictionaries,
maintaining terminology databases, ad hoc problem solving in finding
multilingual equivalences in translation work or creating new terms in
technical writing. Terminology management software provides the translator a means of automatically searching a given terminology database
for terms appearing in a document, either by automatically displaying
terms in the translation memory software interface window or through
the use of hotkeys to view the entry in the terminology database.
terminology manager. A computer technology application tool that
assists in the translation of text from one spoken language to another.
tidy functions. Tidy is a binding for the Tidy HTML clean and repair utility that allows a user to not only clean and otherwise manipulate HTML
documents, but also traverse the document tree.
time-to-market. The length of time it takes from a product being conceived until it is available for sale. Time-to-market is crucial in industries
where products are outdated quickly.
TKK. Stands for Translation Toolkit. The native bilingual format for
Alchemy CATALYST, which supports previous versions of Alchemy CATALYST project files.
TMX. Translation Memory eXchange. An open XML standard for the
exchange of translation memory data created by computer-aided translation and localization tools.
token (tokenization). The fundamental elements making up the text of a
C program. Tokens are identifiers, keywords, constants, strings, operators
and other separators. White space — such as spaces, tabs, new lines and
comments — is ignored except where it is necessary to separate tokens.
Traditional Chinese. A Chinese character set that is consistent with the
original Chinese ideographic form that is several thousand years old.
Today, traditional characters are used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau and
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by some overseas Chinese communities, especially those originating from
the aforementioned regions/countries or who emigrated before the widespread adoption of simplified characters in the People’s Republic of China.
translation. The process of converting all of the text or words from the
source language to the target language. An understanding of the context
or meaning of the source language must be established in order to convey
the same message in the target language.
translation memory (TM). A special database that stores previously translated sentences which can then be reused, in full or in part, on a sentenceby-sentence basis. The database matches source to target language pairs.
Translation Memory eXchange (TMX). Based on XML, an open standard
that has been designed to simplify and automate the process of converting
translation memories from one format to another.
translation memory system (TMS). A tool for computer-aided translation. The translation memory (TM) stores the original text and its human
translation in manageable units. The TM system proposes the translation
whenever the same or a similar unit occurs again.
translation portal. A website or service that offers a broad array of
resources via the internet, thus providing a marketplace for translation
agencies, freelance translators and customers to exchange services.
translation unit (TU). A segment of a text that the translator treats as a
single cognitive unit for the purposes of establishing an equivalence. The
translation unit may be a single word, a phrase, one or more sentences or
even a larger unit.
transliteration. To write or print a letter or word using the closest corresponding letters of a different alphabet or language. A systematic way to
convert characters in one alphabet or phonetic sounds into another alphabet.
truncation. Truncating text lines in the display means leaving out any
text on a line that does not fit within the right margin of the window
displaying it. Also, in database searching, the addition of a symbol at the
end of a word or word stem so the computer will look for all variants of
the word.
24/7. An abbreviation for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, including holidays and days otherwise that may alter limitations of work. In commerce
and industry, 24/7 identifies a service that will be present regardless of
the current time or day, as might be offered by a restaurant, gas station,
manned datacenter, supermarket or help information line.
tweet. A post or status update on Twitter, a microblogging service. Tweets
are text-based posts of up to 140 characters displayed on the author’s
profile page.
Twitter. A social networking and microblogging service, owned and operated by Twitter, Inc., that enables its users to send and read other user
messages called tweets.
TXML. Tracker eXtensible Markup Language. An XML-based pivot format.
The translation memory environment Wordfast Pro uses TXML.
U
uncial writing. A majuscule script commonly used from the third to the
eighth centuries CE by Latin and Greek scribes.
Unicode. The Unicode Worldwide Character Standard (Unicode) is a character encoding standard used to represent text for computer processing.
Originally designed to support 65,000 characters, it now has encoding
forms to support more than one million characters.
Unicode Consortium. Home of the Unicode Standard and Common Locale
Data Repository (CLDR). Unicode’s goal is to support scripts for all languages in the world.
Unicode Localization Interoperability technical committee (ULI). The
third Unicode Consortium technical committee was formed in April 2011.
ULI has not chartered creating its own standards; instead, it is looking
into localization interoperability related standards behaviors and profiling.
Unicode transfer format (UTF-8). An encoding form of Unicode that
supports ASCII for backward compatibility and covers the characters for
most languages in the world.
uniform resource identifier, uniform resource locator (URI, URL). Short
strings that identify resources on the web: documents, images, downloadable files, services, electronic mailboxes and other resources.
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United Arab Emirates (UAE). A federation of seven emirates, each
administered by a hereditary emir, situated in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman
and Saudi Arabia. The UAE consists of Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al
Khaimah, Ajman, Umm Al Qaiwain and Fujairah. An emirate is a political
territory that is ruled by a dynastic Muslim monarch-styled emir.
Universal Learning Format (ULF). A modular set of XML-based formats
for capturing and exchanging various types of e-learning data.
Universal Terminology eXchange (UTX). A format for user-created
dictionaries with source language and target language entries. UTX is
intended to absorb the differences between various formats for machine
translation. UTX can be used for other purposes, especially in the domain
of natural language processing.
UNIX. A multiuser, multitasking operating system. It was one of the first
operating systems to be written in a higher level programming language,
thus making it hardware-independent.
usability. The ease that users experience in navigating an interface,
locating information and obtaining knowledge over the internet.
V
variable. In computer programming, variables enable programmers to
write flexible programs. Rather than entering data directly into a program, a programmer can use variables to represent the data. Then, when
the program is executed, the variables are replaced with real data. This
makes it possible for the same program to process different sets of data.
vector-based. Refers to software and hardware that use geometrical formulas to represent images (same as object-oriented graphics).
video game. A game that involves interaction with a user interface to
generate visual feedback on a video device. The electronic systems used
to play a video game are known as platforms; examples of these are
personal computers and video game consoles. These platforms are broad
in range, from large computers to small handheld devices.
voiceover. Refers to a production technique where a disembodied voice
is broadcast live or prerecorded in radio, television, film, theater and/or
presentation. The voiceover may be spoken by someone who also appears
on-screen in other segments or it may be performed by a specialist voice
actor.
VoiceXML. The Voice Extensible Markup Language standard enables
voice input and audio output for voice response and multimodal
applications.
W
W3C. World Wide Web Consortium. W3C owns many standards, including XML and HTML.
web hit. The counting term sometimes used to measure website traffic.
The count includes every file used on a web page as a “hit” to that page.
Viewing one page with six graphics would mean at least seven hits. Page
views and unique visitors are more accurate measures of website traffic.
web service. A collection of protocols and standards used for exchanging
data between applications or systems.
whispering interpreting. Also called chuchotage, the interpreter sits or
stands next to the intended audience and interprets simultaneously in a
whisper. This mode does not require any equipment. Whispered interpretation is often used in situations when the majority of a group speaks
one language, and a limited number of people do not speak the source
language.
Win 32/64. Refers primarily to the number of bits that can be processed
or transmitted in parallel, or the number of bits used for a single element
in a data format in a Windows operating system.
Written Chinese. Written Chinese refers to the thousands of symbols or
Chinese characters used to represent spoken Chinese, along with rules
and conventions about how they are arranged and punctuated. Chinese
characters do not constitute an alphabet or a compact syllabary. Instead,
they are built up from simpler parts representing objects or abstract
notions, although most characters do contain some indication of their
pronunciation.
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X
XML Localization Interchange File Format (XLIFF). An XML-based format
for exchanging localization data. Standardized by OASIS in April 2002 and
aimed at the localization industry, XLIFF specifies elements and attributes
to aid in localization. XLIFF could be used to exchange data between companies, such as a software publisher and a localization vendor, or between
localization tools, such as translation memory systems and machine translation systems.
XML (eXtensible Markup Language). A programming language/specification
pared down from SGML, an international standard for the publication and
delivery of electronic information, designed especially for web documents.
xml:tm (XML-based Text Memory). A standard for XML to allow ease of
translation of XML documents.
XSL (eXtensible Stylesheet Language). A language for expressing style
sheets, controlling formatting and other output behavior.
Z
ZWNBS. Zero width no break space (ZWNBS) is also known as the byte
order mark (BOM) if used at the beginning of a Unicode file. It was
originally used in the middle of Unicode files in rare instances where
there was an invisible join between two characters where a line break
must not occur. A new code joiner is being implemented — U+2060
WORD JOINER.
Advertisers
1-Stop Translation USA, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
www.1stoptr.com
ACP Traductera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
www.traductera.com
Across Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
www.across.net
Active Translators S.R.L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
www.active-translators.com
ADAPT Localization Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Alliance Localization China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
www.allocalization.com
Ando Translations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
www.ando.cz
Arabize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
www.arabize.com
Aspena, s.r.o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
www.aspena.com
Binari Sonori S.r.l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Braahmam Net Solutions Pvt. Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
www.braahmam.net
CIKLOPEA d.o.o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
www.ciklopea.com
Clear Words Translations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
www.clearwordstranslations.com
CONTRAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
www.contrad.com.pl
Corporate Translations, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
www.corptransinc.com
Crestec Europe B.V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
www.crestec.eu
Diskusija . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
www.diskusija.lt
E4NET Co., Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
www.e4net.net
EC Innovations, Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
ECQA Certifed Terminology Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
www.termnet.org
Elanex, Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
www.elanex.com
eLocalize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 10
www.elocalize.net
EQHO Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
www.eqho.com
European Language Industry Association (ELIA) . . . . . . . . . . 8
www.elia-assocation.org
exe, spol. s r. o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
http://localization.exe.sk
Hermes Traducciones y Servicios Lingüísticos, S.L. . . . . . . . 15
www.hermestrans.com
HighTech Passport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
www.htpassport.com
Honyaku Center Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
www.honyakuctr.com
interlanguage s.r.l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
www.interlanguage.it
IOLAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
www.iolar.com
Janus Worldwide Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
www.janusww.com
JFA, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
www.jfamarkets.com
Kaleidoscope Communications Solutions GmbH . . . . . . . . . 22
www.kaleidoscope.at
Kilgray Translation Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 34
http://kilgray.com
Kinetic.theTechnologyAgency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
www.thetechnologyagency.com
Language Industry Certifcation System — LICS . . . . . . . . . 11
www.lics-certifcation.org
Language Translation, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
www.languagetranslation.com
Lexika s.r.o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
www.lexika.sk
LEXMAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
www.lexman.biz
LinguaSys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
www.linguasys.com
Localization World, Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Lucy Sofware and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 37
www.lucysofware.com
MadCap Sofware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23, 34
www.madcapsofware.com
MAGIT Sp. z o.o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
www.translations.magit.pl
MediLingua Medical Translations B.V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
www.medilingua.com
Monterey Institute of International Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
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Advertisers
Moravia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18, 72
www.moravia.com
MultiCorpora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Net-Translators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30, 71
Ocean Translations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
www.oceantranslations.com
ORCO S.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
www.orco.gr
PassWord Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
www.password-europe.com
Paulo José . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
www.paulo-jose.com
Plunet GmbH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
www.plunet.com
Rheinschrif Übersetzungen, Ursula Steigerwald . . . . . . . . . 17
www.rheinschrif.de
Te Rosetta Foundation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
www.therosettafoundation.org
RoundTable Studio, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
www.roundtableinc.net
Ryszard Jarża Translations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
www.jarza.pl
SDL Language Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 20
Seschat GmbH Typographie und Lokalisierung. . . . . . . . . . . 18
www.seschat.com
Skrivanek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
www.skrivanek.com
Smartling, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
www.smartling.com/multilingual
70
STAR Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
www.star-group.net
Studio Gambit Sp. z o.o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
www.stgambit.com
Synergium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
www.synergium.eu
SYSTRAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
www.systransof.com
TAUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
www.translationautomation.com
Technolex Translation Studio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
www.technolex-translations.com
Teknik Translation Agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
TermNet — International Network for Terminology . . . . . . 21
www.termnet.org
Translators without Borders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21, 70
www.translatorswithoutborders.com
TripleInk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
www.tripleink.com
Ushuaia Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
VistaTEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
www.vistatec.com
Wordbee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
www.wordbee.com
WordPilots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
www.wordpilots.com
Xlated Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
www.xlated.com
XTM International . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
www.xtm-intl.com
1/10/13 11:57 AM
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71 Net Translators #133a.indd 71
1/10/13 11:56 AM
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72 Moravia #133a.indd 72
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1/10/13 11:56 AM

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