TETRA: Technical Discussion

Transcription

Brought to You By TETRA: Technical
Discussion
In Affilia2on With Presented by:
Christian Reynolds
October, 2012
Today's Technical Discussion
Brought to You By In Affilia2on With ● 
Introduction
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The TETRA Protocol
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TETRA Features for the Radio User
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TETRA Features for the Dispatch Administrator
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TETRA Features for the Data Network
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FCC Waiver authorizing TETRA in the United States
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Network Infrastructure: Base Station and Neworking
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Terminal Radios: Devices we use to Communicate
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Green Bay Pilot
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Summary: Questions and Answers
Brought to You By Introduction
In Affilia2on With Partnerships
Brought to You By l 
Nielson Communications: US communications company
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Sepura, plc: United Kingdom TETRA Terminal (radio)
formed in 1974. Designed multi-site analog systems, along with
Public Safety E911 centers. Also certified to work on marine vessel
electronics. Installed Pilot TETRA system January 2011.
manufacturer established in 1896. Developed televisions and
radios, moving into military and police equipment. Have terminals
installed in over 90 countries. Circuit boards made in the USA.
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Damm Cellular Systems: Danish TETRA Infrastructure
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Funk-Electronic Piciorgros: German Analog Radio (RF)
In Affilia2on With manufacturer with indoor and outdoor base stations, switchless
architecture, and dispatching solutions.
and TETRA manufacturer established in 1982. Created the
TETRAModem Mini RTU – an easy to use interface device for PLC’s
and a TETRA network. Currently developing iOS interfaces and
special solutions for TETRA infrastructures.
What is TETRA?
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In Affilia2on With l 
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TErrestrial TRunked RAdio – A European-developed digital
private mobile radio (PMR) technology.
Developed for the most demanding professional radio
users who need fast one-to-one and one-to-many radio
communication using voice and data in their daily work.
First standard published in 1995.
The ETSI TETRA standard was introduced as the first truly
open system standard for digital PMR.
Uses a digital technology (TDMA) to provide 4 time slots
inside of a single 25 kHz RF signal. These slots may be
voice or data.
TETRA Call Modes
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In Affilia2on With TMO: Trunked Mode Operation
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Radios operating within a TETRA trunking network.
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All TETRA features are available.
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Similar to existing “talking through the tower.”
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Required for Full Duplex Calls
DMO: Direct Mode Operation
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Two or more radios operating outside of a trunked network
environment. Talkaround. Used for conversations away from the
towers.
Most TETRA features are available. For example, no full duplex
calls are allowed.
Cannot work with the tower while in this mode without a Gateway.
TETRA Terms
Brought to You By Base Station – a tower location, usually with a connection to a
network backbone for communications with other base stations.
Also referred to as a cell or a tower site.
Carrier – a frequency pair for duplex operation. A base station with
4 carriers installed means 4 frequency pairs are in use.
Terminal – a radio interface to the TETRA network. May be either
a mobile / vehicle device, or a handheld. Not necessarily a voice
radio.
In Affilia2on With Radio Gateway – a terminal able to link a trunk radio network
together with a local radio network. TMO / DMO Gateway.
Repeater –a terminal in direct mode to repeat other terminal traffic
to a base station. It is not an analog repeater with control abilities.
Priorities – the TETRA system defines several levels of priorities:
some at the terminal level, and others at the system level.
Configurations allow for some people or groups to pre-empt other
users and groups.
TETRA Users
Any professional organization that communicates!
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NATO
Nation-Wide communications in Great Britain, Germany, Poland, and
other countries
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US armed forces throughout the world
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Volkswagen and BMW
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London's Heathrow, and Paris Charles de Gulle airports
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2008 Olympics, Beijing, 2012 Olympics, London
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Samsung Heavy Industries, Geoje Shipyard S. Korea
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Utilities: Wind Farms, Refineries, Power Plants, and Water Treatment
In Affilia2on With Brought to You By The TETRA Protocol
In Affilia2on With TETRA Efficiency
Brought to You By 200kHz bandwidth
GSM 200 kHz carrier 8 channels Half-‐rate GSM (future) 200 kHz carrier 16 channels PMR 25 kHz In Affilia2on With 25 kHz channel 8 channels / 200 kHz PMR 12.5 kHz APCO25 (US) Tetrapol 12.5 kHz channels 16 channels / 200 kHz TETRA 25 kHz carrier 4 channels / carrier 32 channels / 200 kHz Analog Systems
Brought to You By CH1 CH2 1
Channel Number 2
3
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In Affilia2on With Resource not shared-‐-‐ unequal access opportuniGes TETRA - TDMA
Brought to You By ● 
TDMA – Time Division Multiple Access. One carrier frequency split into 4
timeslots that occupies 25 kHz RF bandwidth. Base station is the master
for TDMA synchronization. Call setup time averages 300 milliseconds.
In Affilia2on With ● 
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Timeslot 1: Main Control Channel (MCCH) and is used for registration, call
management, SDS data. One MCCH per tower site.
Timeslot 2-4: Traffic channels (TCH) are used for voice and circuit switched
data.
Control Frame 18: Special frame for management.
4 conversations in 1 channel
Brought to You By The CODEC converts The speech to digital one’s & zero’s and “zips” the “file”. CODEC “Zipped” speech is compressed to 25% and the 4 conversa2ons will fit on one channel 1 In Affilia2on With 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 Gme slots à CODEC One timeslot is about 56 milliseconds of transmission.
4 Digital Trunking TDMA
Brought to You By Channel 1=25Khz TS1 In Affilia2on With Control Channel TS2 TS3 Channel 2=25Khz TS4 TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 Spectrum Analysis
Brought to You By In Affilia2on With RF Band Plans
Brought to You By Wideband Analog or TETRA, 25 kHz Signal Narrowband Analog, P25, DMR 12.5 kHz In Affilia2on With RF Band Plans
Brought to You By Eventual possible Spectrum Problem: In Affilia2on With Note that combiners aren’t 2ght enough. Next frequency at your site is 150 – 200 kHz away Breakdown of the bandwidth
Brought to You By In Affilia2on With TETRA 4 Time slots / 4 logical channels -‐-‐ 1 Control Channel (per site) 3 Traffic Channels -‐-‐ Variety of op2ons -‐-‐ 3 Half-‐duplex Group Calls -‐-‐ 2 HD GC + 1 FD Telephone -‐-‐ 1 HD GC + 1 FD Term to Term -‐-‐ 1 HD GC + 2 Packet Data Slots Data: 3.5 kbs / 2meslot DMR Tier III 2 Time slots / 2 logical channels -‐-‐ 1 Control Channel (per freq) -‐-‐ 1 Traffic Channel Possible to operate w/o Control -‐-‐ 2 Traffic Channels -‐-‐ Loss of some services Data: 2 kbs / 2meslot Range / Design
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TETRA's theoretical
maximum range is 36
miles – the free space
maximum.
European designers plan
for a -103 dBm minimum
signal strength.
Remember the link
budgets: maintain
balance that tower and
mobile may reach each
other.
Do not design for “one
big tower.” Multiple sites
cover better, and allow
for failover.
Calls – Path Loss Parameter
Brought to You By Remember, the Terminal selects which base station it
will connect to, based on network criteria.
C1 = RSSI – RXMinAccessLev – MAX (0, TowerTX – Mobile TX)
In Affilia2on With RSSI = Terminal's receive signal strength
RXMinAccessLev = Minimum RX signal level to access tower
TowerTX = Maximum Tower TX Power
Mobile TX = Maximum Mobile / Portable TX Power
C1 > 0 for reliable communications.
C2… C3…. are evaluations for neighbor cells.
Brought to You By TETRA Features
For the Radio User
In Affilia2on With Types of Voice Calls
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Group calls –half-duplex call to multiple
radios.
Individual calls – one person may call
another in either full or half duplex.
Telephone calls – one person may call a
telephone in full duplex just like using a
phone.
Emergency calls – highest priority group call.
Usually triggered by the orange button, or by a
radio alarm, such as Man Down.
TalkGroups
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A TalkGroup is a “meeting spot” for users to make group
calls on a radio network. In TETRA, both data and voice
calls are sent to the selected TalkGroup.
Radios may be programmed to contain thousands of
talkgroups, and may be set to scan several of them at any
one time.
TalkGroups may be secured, so that only certain people
may access / participate in them.
Examples:
Security
Maintenance
Supervisors
Line Workers
Crane Ops
Fork Liis
Electrical
Parts Shop
Office
Features: Gateway Ops
Brought to You By Mobile Coverage
TMO
Portable Coverage
TMO
DMO
In Affilia2on With Gateway 2
Gateway 1
Gateway opera2on allows for one radio unit to extend a trunking network's range to other radio units. Gateway cannot par2cipate in call. The gateway radio uses TMO to talk to the trunking system, and DMO to talk to the others. DMO
Repeater Operation
Brought to You By Unit 1 DMO Repeater
In Affilia2on With Unit 2 DMO Unit 3 DMO Repeater opera2on allows one radio unit to behave as a repeater, crea2ng an ad-‐hoc communica2ons environment. All radios are in DMO mode. Sepura radios (portable and mobile) allow the repeater to par2cipate in the call. Gateway & Repeater Ops.
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In Affilia2on With Only mobile radios may serve as a Gateway to a Trunked
repeater system.
Mobile or Portable radios may serve as a Repeater. Sepura
radios allow the radio functioning as a repeater to participate in
the conversation.
Repeaters will pass group calls, individual calls, and SDS
messages.
In Gateway Mode:
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SDS & GPS from portables to network function
Group calls are passed
Emergency calls function
Portable ID's are masked behind the GW
PBX Operations
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TETRA voice communications are all digital, so it is easy to
connect radios to a digital PBX system.
TETRA devices are programmed with a “telephone
number”. Units may call each other in half or full duplex
modes. Groups are also assigned a number.
With proper configuration, IP-based PBX telephone
systems, such as Asterisk, may be used to route telephone
calls to office extensions, or to a gateway that works on the
standard public telephone system.
Even though telephone call is full duplex, it only uses one
timeslot.
Pilot Asterisk System
Brought to You By POTS
In Affilia2on With 1) Asterisk answers with IVR 2) User presses 1,2,3,4.... 3) Asterisk connects devices Texting – SDS and Status Messages
SDS Messages: Short Data Service – small text messages
sent to either individuals or groups.
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Usually sent on the CCH, but if radio is in a voice call, it will be sent
on TCH... can receive messages while talking.
Status Messages are pre-defined text messages, such as
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In Affilia2on With May be received during a voice call, and not interrupt it
01 Good Morning
02 At Lunch
03 Task Complete
Both types of messages may send commands to a device
on a TETRA network to control something, such as resetting
an alarm, or turning on a circuit.
SDS / Status Message and a circuit
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Simple circuit featuring a trigger,
some inputs moving active-high,
and a program in the device that
takes notice.
Upper device #198 is told by the
program to transmit to the lower
device #196 to trigger on the
strobe light, and latch on the red
light.
System accepts a text message
(code) to cancel the alarm. Red
light turns off.
Man Down / Lone Worker
Brought to You By Man Down
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Some radios have features to detect movement. If your worker
is moving, we assume they are fine and all is well.
If radio stops moving for a period of time, we assume something
may be wrong (fell over).
Radio gives a warning to the operator, and if a timeout condition
is reached, radio transmits an emergency message to the group
indicating a problem.
In Affilia2on With Lone Worker
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Radio has a timer. If worker fails to move the radio after the
timer expires, an alert condition is generated.
If GPS / AVL enhanced, location information is also included.
Encryption
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Digital signals are more difficult to intercept over analog, but not
impossible. Security schemes are available to secure your
network.
Three Security classes available:
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Class 1: Optional Authentication, No encryption. Basic TETRA.
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Class 2: Optional Authentication, Encrypted, Static Keys
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Class 3: Mandatory Authentication, Encrypted, Dynamic Keys
TETRA Encryption Algorithm (TEA):
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TEA1: Commercial algorithm, easy to export.
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TEA2: European Public Safety. Strict export control.
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TEA3: Rest of the world Public Safety. Strict export control.
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TEA4: Commercial algorithm.
Static Keys are loaded in terminals, and have long lifetime.
Always needed for DMO, and base station fallback operation.
Dynamic Keys are produced automatically in every authentication
sequence. Damm supports group specific keys along with cell
specific keys.
Encryption
Authentication: prevents unauthorized access to TETRA
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During Registration, the network automatically verifies that the terminal’s secret code
matches the one stored on the network.
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Secret Code is never transmitted over the air
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Network authenticates the terminal, then the terminal authenticates the network
Air Interface Encryption (AIE): all traffic over the air is
encrypted, but infrastructure traffic is not. This includes
data!
End to End Encryption (E2EE): traffic is encrypted from
source to destination. Designed to protect messages over
an insecure infrastructure.
Because encryption is burned into the radios at creation –
it is not possible to add encryption to Sepura radios after
they are made.
Encryption
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May have a “mixed” network, as encryption is managed by the
network, but executed at the terminal.
Terminals without encryption programming transmit in the clear;
those with encryption secure everything.
Air Interface Encryption goes through the gateway – the gateway
will enforce encryption on the DMO side of the link.
Encryption offers 56, 128, and 256 bit keys using the AES
protocol. Other protocols, such as IDEA and ICA are available.
End to End encryption may be done on a clear network.
Sepura key management uses different tools than the standard
radio programming software. This allows keys to be restricted to
certified administrators with their own software tools.
For the Dispatch
Administrator
In Affilia2on With Dispatcher Station
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Dispatcher software installed on a common computer can manage
the network using IP protocols. Dual-Head computers could run the
Dispatcher on one screen, and AVL on a second.
Dispatcher may initiate, receive, and route calls.
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TVR – TETRA Voice Recorder can record and playback
conversations with Digital Quality.
Dynamic groups: temporary groupings of radio users for a specific
task, such as responding to a car crash. Dispatcher selects the
units, and they are programmed over the air.
GPS / AVL Tracking
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Radios may come with an
integrated GPS board, giving
real-time location information.
Software is available to
represent this GPS
information on a map for
visual location display.
Some software will record the
movements, and allow
playback to inspect a travelled
route.
Job Allocation / Work Orders
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TETRA’s open standard allows for 3rd party applications
to written, including job allocation, work orders, etc.
These applications can be sent via SDS messaging as a
text message.
Great way to send things that would otherwise be jotted
down – addresses, shopping lists, contact names.
Users may reply to the sender, or to the group in a
group-text type of response.
Allows dispatchers/managers to assign and track
employees to certain tasks, while utilizing voice
channels to full capacity.
For the Data Network
In Affilia2on With TETRA Data Network
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TETRA is really a dual network – a voice and data.
Data transfer occurs on either the management time slot
(SDS) or dedicated data time slot(s).
Similar rates to earlier dial-up modem solutions – not
enough capacity to emulate high-speed internet.
SCADA and other instrument data (pressures,
temperatures, flow rates, electrical) do not need a lot of
bandwidth. Send the data on TETRA!
Switched Data – 7.2 kbps unprotected bandwidth per time
slot. IP Network based. Time slots on the system may be
combined to provide up to 28.8 kbps net data rate. If
encryption is used, more overhead consumes bandwidth.
TETRA Data Network
Even though IP Packet data is supported by TETRA, SDS
messages are the preferred messaging agents.
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IP Networks have the TCP/IP overhead
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No need to configure IP addresses
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No IP gateway required… SDS available out of the box
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SDS messages may be sent to a group nearly instantly
Lots of TETRA Data events may be handled via text
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Status Messages to command hardware in the field
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Field hardware may report “answers” back to you in text
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Following Demonstration will show the power of these features
Demonstration – Emergency Panel
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TETRAModem device wired up to
various switches and lights.
Devices run a signal strength test
with network, and will alarm if
communications are disrupted.
Devices may check in with a
group of terminals, reporting
health.
Push Button alarms may be
cleared by RESET, or with a
command from a terminal.
Toggle Switch forces a visual
inspection to clear the alarm.
Enhancement: Trigger an alarm
with a terminal command.
Brought to You By FCC Report and Order
In Affilia2on With FCC Rulings
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FCC Report and Order of September 21, 2012
authorizes TETRA on the following frequencies:
450 – 470 MHz
809-824 / 854-869 MHz
TETRA is now fully Part 90 compliant, as the FCC
found that TETRA devices have a lower interference
potential to adjacent channel users than currently
used analog (FM) and P25 Phase 1 transmitters
{ R&O, p4 }.
FCC recognizes that a TETRA 25 kHz signal is really
4 talk paths, and is considered 6.25 kHz
narrowbanded. FCC will issue new licenses for
TETRA communications.
Brought to You By Network Infrastructure
Base Station and Networking
In Affilia2on With Hytera / R & S CampusIP Base Station
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Frequency Range:
450 - 470 MHz
Transmit Power: 48 dBm
Sensitivity: -119 dBm
(w/o diversity, BER 4%)
Receiver Diversity
2 Carrier Power
Consumption: 550W
23.6 x 35.8 x 23.6 inch
Damm Outdoor Base Station
Available in 450 and 800 MHz models.
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TX Power at antennas: 0.5W to 10W
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BS421 l 
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Operating Temperatures: -13°F to
131°F
Weight: 20 lbs
1 carrier per box, supporting up to
three antennas (TX, RX, RXD)
Solar-powered installations already
deployed
Installed on the tower offers minimal
feedline losses.
Serviced by the SB421
Damm Outdoor Base Station
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SB421 l 
Service Box – supports the base station.
One SB will support two BS421 Base
Stations. Uses Cat-5 cable to communicate
with BS421, thus needs to be installed
within 300 feet.
Operating Temperatures: -13°F to 131°F.
Weight: 40 lbs, but often installed at the
base of the tower. This weight includes
internal backup batteries.
May have a second SB421 installed as a
hot standby.
Damm Outdoor Installation
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Two antennas on the top performing
TX/RX and RXD functions.
Two GPS antennas for clock sync.
Two BS421 base stations, offering 8
time slots.
Coaxial connections are in green –
quite short! Internal duplexers and
filtering.
Blue power supply lines, and white
ethernet lines for power and data
connections to SB421.
SB421 on the bottom, with
connections to electricity and external
Damm Indoor Base Station
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In Affilia2on With BS411 l 
Two offerings: up to 4, or up to 8
carriers.
Mounted inside 19” cabinets.
AC or 48 VDC power supply, and
redundancy power options.
25W delivered to feedlines, postcombining. Remotely adjustable.
Motor tuned combiner system allows
for remote change of frequency, and
instant tuning.
Tower-mounted RX amplifier eliminate
receiver cable loss. Also includes a
test circuit for RX troubleshooting.
Damm Indoor Base Station
Brought to You By BS411 Antenna Interface
AI411
Receiver Multicoupler
RMD4xx
Radio frequency
test loop
combiner TC4xx
Connection box
Base station controller
BSC4xx
Carrier units TR412
Power supply units
PS411
In Affilia2on With Transmitter cavity
combiners
Damm Indoor Installation
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Up to three antennas supported: TX,
RX, and RXD.
TMA – Tower Mounted Amplifier is
mounted near the antennas to amplify
signals, reducing feedline loss and not
amplifying noise.
TMD – Tower Mounted Duplexer if only
two antennas are available. Combines
the TX and RX into 1 antenna.
Optional TEST feedline to test the RX
system and detect faults.
GPS antennas for timing signals.
Damm BS411 & BS414 TX/RX
Brought to You By In Affilia2on With TMA/TMD: Tower Mounted Amplifier (RX) / Duplexer BSC412: Base Sta2on Controller AI411: Antenna Interface TR412: Radio Transmimer TC411: Tetra Combiner RTC414: Radio Test Circuit Damm Indoor Self Test
TMD
Brought to You By TX frequency
RX out
Test
RX input
In Affilia2on With RFTL out
A small part of the TX
frequency is converted to
the RX frequency, in the
Antenna Interface AI4xx
TX power –40dB
RX frequency
Damm Networking Structure
Brought to You By In Affilia2on With Unicast is used for network management and updates.
Multicast is used for calls, SDS messages, and
registrations.
Damm Networking Overview
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Damm networks lack a centralized TETRA switch,
but have a “Rendezvous” router, such as the Cisco
1841, that may be configured for multicasting and
failover options.
If performance becomes an issue, the networks may
be segmented into two or more multicast domains
interconnected with routers.
Sample Bandwidth considerations:
Group Call: 20.4 Kbits/sec
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Full Duplex Call: 41 Kbits/sec
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Individual Half Duplex Call: 20.4 Kbits/sec
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Replication of subscribers: 158 Kbits/sec
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Log Server: 20.4 Kbits/sec per logged activity
Damm Default Maximums
Brought to You By In Affilia2on With Number of Nodes 999 Number of Carriers / node 16 Number of Subscribers 150,000 Number of Talk Groups 250 Applica2on Gateways / node 20 Applica2on Gateway voice streams 100 Voice Gateway connec2ons / node 32 Max Log Servers 25 Number of Dispatcher Applica2ons 20 These numbers may be changed with a special order. Brought to You By Terminal Radios:
Devices we use to Communicate
In Affilia2on With Terminals and Base Stations
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TETRA Terminal radios continually evaluate their connection to
the base stations, and adjust their power levels accordingly.
This conserves battery life, as the radios do not use full TX
power if not required.
If the terminal determines that the signal is getting too weak, it
searches for a stronger signal from another base station, and
initiates the transfer.
The radio will
In Affilia2on With – 
scan from programmed information a set of frequencies
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create a list of available base stations
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select the best available base station, and ask to register
SRG3900 Mobile GW/RPTR
Brought to You By In Affilia2on With l 
Gateway and Repeater
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Performance Monitoring
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Dual, Single, or no display console
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Multiple Data Ports
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Common User Interface with portables
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Encryption Available
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Line in/out audio
10W TX Power
SRG Virtual Mobile Consoles
Centralized Control of SRG from a Mobile Terminal
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De-Clutters dash board
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User defined interface
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In Affilia2on With Remote control of SRG
across a LAN/WAN
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Control radios across LAN using VoIP
routers
Multiple radio control
STP8000 Series
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Color Display with Back Light on, or Grayscale with
BL off
Direct Sunlight Viewing
Data via SDS
Micro SD Card capable
Missed Event LED/soft key
3 sizes of Text
Emergency / Man Down Feature
Integrated Bluetooth
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DMO Repeater
SMA Antenna connector
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Encryption Available
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1.8 Watts TX Power
STP8X IS Series
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Color Display with direct sunlight viewing (176 x 220 pixels)
Keyboard designed for use with thick protective gloves
GPS and Man-Down Alarming option
TMO / DMO features of the STP8000 series
Data via SDS or Multi-Slot Packet Data
Micro SD Card Capable
Missed Event LED / soft key
Active DMO Repeater
1 Wam Encryption Available
Interna2onal IECEX European ATEX GAS Group IIA, IIB, IIC; T1-‐T4; Protec2on Level Gb ATEX 94/9/EC; Zones 1 & 2, IIA,IIB,IIC; T1-‐T4, Gb DUST IIIA,IIIB,IIIC; Db 21 & 22; IP6x Zone 21 & 22, IIIA,IIIB,IIIC; IP6x TETRA Modem
Developed by Piciorgros in Germany.
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1W or 3W models.
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Standard TETRA frequencies.
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Uses a web page to configure; tftp upload files.
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DA1 model supports 2 serial, 1 Ethernet, 16 Digital inputs, 8 digital
outputs, 4 analog inputs, and internal PicoLogo software language.
Serial port and TCP/IP Ethernet configurations. IP router setup.
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Many industrial SCADA protocols:
MODBUS, IEC, DNP3, Pakbus,
custom.
Plug in a microphone for voice
communications.
Brought to You By Applications
In Affilia2on With Portalify
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Finnish company
established in 2000.
Software innovators who bring Connectivity, Data
Sources, and Applications into a unified solution for
TETRA users.
Task Management: send messages to remote terminal
users, such as job tickets and appointments.
Resource Location: mapping and GPS solutions. Visual
management of resources in the field.
Database Lookups: customized searches, such as serial
numbers, hazardous materials, or schedules.
Image Messaging: crop a picture, and send it to all
terminals within a talkgroup.
Cross-Platform. iPad. Sepura.
EADS. Motorola.
Brought to You By Green Bay Pilot
In Affilia2on With Towers, Base Stations, and
Terminals
Pilot – Sites
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De Pere
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TX antenna 240 feet, RX antennas 260 feet, 140W
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2 Carrier Frequencies – 8 TETRA timeslots
Appleton
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1 Carrier Frequency – 4 TETRA timeslots
Oshkosh
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1 Carrier Frequency – 4 TETRA timeslots
In Affilia2on With 3 antennas at each site: 1 TX and 2 RX. Same antennas as our
LTR system. VPN allows IP communications.
TETRA Pilot Network
Brought to You By Appleton RTR CentOS Linux OpenVPN Switch wireless TETRA Base Sta2on wireless VPN Link
Switch P
P
Switch In Affilia2on With Trixbox (Asterisk) WirelessRTR CentOS Linux OpenVPN Dispatch Win XP Switch GB Office BDA TETRA Base Sta2on I N T E R N E T TETRA Base Sta2on VPN Link
Switch Oshkosh / RV RTR CentOS Linux OpenVPN Pilot – Radio Terminals
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Voice radio terminals provided by Sepura
plc, based in Cambridge, England.
Desktop, Mobile, and Portable radio units
involved with the test. Desktop and
mobiles can TX at 10W, and portables can
TX at 1.8W.
Programmed with GPS devices for
tracking and testing. Also testing the mandown and emergency call features.
Radios check themselves to ensure they
are in range of a base station. They will
alert if out of range.
Data Terminals provided by Piciorgros,
based in Germany.
Asterisk – VoIP Phone
Brought to You By Asterisk Dispatcher Remote Terminal In Affilia2on With Base Sta2on Server VoIP Telephone Model vs. Drive
Brought to You By In Affilia2on With Model -‐105 dBm. Circles are at 5 mile radius. Blue is best signal; Red is weak; Black is out. Red NW of Green Bay is on the other side of a known ledge. CRIBS tools by MAC ltd, UK. Pilot Observations
● 
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Analog vs. Digital ranges are surprisingly close! Where the
TETRA signals fail or are garbled, Analog signals are similarly
scratchy and hard to read.
The base stations detect interference on the RX lines, and will
generate alarms to alert system managers of a problem.
Radio interface easy to train and use. Behaves similar to a cell
phone, and Sepura radios are interface standardized along their
product lines.
Amazingly clear audio quality. Do not sound muffled or tinny.
Some people cannot tell if you are on a cell phone or landline.
Receiver diversity at the base station allows for lower portable TX
power levels (1.8W). Longer battery life, and less interference.
Telephone interface offers communications convenience.
Brought to You By Summary
Questions and Answers
In Affilia2on With Summary
l 
l 
TETRA radio terminals may communicate in Group or
Individual calls. Use the mode that makes sense.
TETRA radio terminals may communicate in simplex
(Push to Talk) or duplex (Cellular type calls) mode.
TETRA radios may interact with PSTN or PBX hardware,
allowing telephony type conversations.
TETRA supports SDS (texting) and other data formats,
including SCADA reporting, or small job applications.
Summary
l 
l 
In Affilia2on With TETRA mobile radios extend the range of the trunked
radio system, providing most features to the last mile.
TETRA Direct Mode allows for local group
communication.
TETRA terminal power is managed. The terminals only
transmit what power is required to provide a reliable link
to the trunk radio system.
Further Information
Brought to You By In Affilia2on With ● 
Nielson Website: www.nielsoncom.com
● 
TETRA Website: http://www.tetracom.us
● 
Tetra Blog: http://tetrausa.blogspot.com
● 
Email us: tetra@nielsoncom.com
Demo Days are available on request.
We would love to show you the TETRA network!
Thank you for letting us share our exciting
TETRA experience with you!

TETRA: Technical Discussion

Transcription

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