War diary -Frederick Forrest

Transcription

1st Division
4th Division
WAR DIARY
OF
W 2729
LIEUTENANT COLONEL FREDERICK E. FORREST MC
9TH FIELD ARTILLERY
1ST EXPEDITIONARY FORCE
1ST AIF
19TH OCTOBER 1914 TO 8TH SEPTEMBER 1917
Forward
During 1997 Mary Crowe the Granddaughter of Lieutenant Colonel Frederick Forrest
MC mentioned to me that she had her Grandfathers Diary written by him during World
War 1, and that he had landed on Gallipoli and then went on to France.
Mary told me that she was transcribing it so as to make a printed copy available to
interested parties. She mentioned to me that there were terms mentioned that she and her
son David were having difficulty in deciphering. Such as “something guns” which she
thought was “Krupp” but this did not look right to her.
Mary thought because of my previous service in the Citizen Military Forces (CMF) and
interest in military history that I might be able to help her work out what some of the
terminology was by assisting in the transcription. To which I readily agreed. I must say
that I did not realize the impact that this statement would have on me.
I certainly had knowledge of the Anzacs and Gallipoli from history books etc. but I had
never had the chance to read something actually written by a “Digger” who was there on
the 25th April 1915, that fateful day in our Military and Countries History.
On reading and re-reading Frederick Forrest’s Diary to get the feel of what some of the
words might be, two things happened. First, I found that the descriptions of the various
incidents in the diary made me feel that I was there with the writer at the time.
Secondly, I felt that I knew Frederick Forrest for a long time: yet I never met the man, as
he had died before I was born.
His descriptions of occurrences are typical of a “Digger” and give that down to earth
feeling and understanding that one does not get from an official history or Official War
Diary.
It is this mans thoughts and comments which have firmed my resolve that the “ANZAC”
Traditions must not be allowed to be lost. They must be maintained for our children and
grandchildren and their children.
This resolve has been reinforced since I visited Gallipoli and the Western Front and have
actually stood in and on the places described by Frederick Forrest.
Frederick Forrest I will remember you.
“Lest We Forget”
2173945 Sgt. Matt Walsh (Retd)
Royal Australian Army Provost Corps
(i)
Australian Military Forces
Name:
Frederick Edward Forrest
Rank:
Lieutenant Colonel
Regimental Number: W2729
Enlistment Dates:
January 1900: 1st AIF 20th September 1914
Age on Enlistment:
22 years & 9 months – Born 20th April 1877.
Branch of Service:
Army – Corps of Artillery
Company-Battalion- Regiment served:
Australian Garrison Artillery -1900-1901
Victorian Regiment Royal Australian Artillery (VRRAA) 1901-1904
Light Horse Qld. 1904-1905
Field Artillery Tasmania-1905-1914
9th Battery 1st Australian Division 1914-1914
3rd Field Artillery Brigade 1st Australian Divisional Artillery- 1914-1915
4th Divisional Artillery -1916-1917
1st Anzac Ammunition Park -1917
10th Field Artillery-1917
39th Battery 10th Indian Howitzer Brigade- 1917
13th Australian General Artillery- 1921
10th Australian Field Artillery Brigade -1926-1930
Promotions:
Act/Bombardier
Bombardier
S/Sergt Major
Warrant Officer
2nd Lieutenant
Lieutenant
Staff Captain
T/Major
Major
Lt. Colonel
Campaign Areas:
26/11/1901
8/11/1903
18/1/1904
19/12/1914
3/7/1915
8/12/1915
12/3/1916
26/7/1917
1/8/1917
31/3/1926
MEF (Mediterranean Expeditionary Force)
Egypt; Alexanderia: Cairo: Suez Canal: Gallipoli
BEF (British Expeditionary Force)
Belgium: France (Ypres & Somme) England
Wounded in Action 12th October 1917 remained on duty.
Decorations and Service Medals:
Military Cross 1st January 1917.
1914-1915 Star. British War Medal - Victory Medal
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Monday, 19th October, 1914.
Reveille 6 a.m. Orders just issued to prepare for embarkation. Great excitement,
everybody bustling. Left Pontville Camp 9.30 a.m. Embarked on transport A.2. S.S.
GEELONG. Completed embarkation 5 p.m.
Tuesday, 20th October, 1914.
Great excitement prevailing. Ship sails at 3 p.m. Great crowds present at departure.
Passed an excellent night on board. Weather beautiful.
Wednesday, 21st October, 1914.
Weather still continues fine. Spirits of troops excellent. Inspection of quarters and
routine are the order of the day. Troops gradually settling down to ship quarters.
Thursday, 22nd October, 1914.
Reveille 6 a.m. weather still fine, sea smooth as a millpond. Ship stood to for a few
hours during the night owing to fog. Distance travelled up to noon 257m. sea sickness
disappearing. All corps exercised. Ship state 1,250 all ranks. During afternoon fitting
of life belts and boat stations.
Boat too crowded to carry out routine duties correctly.
Behavior of men excellent.
Two serious cases of sickness aboard. An operation of a serious and interesting nature
was performed on board this morning whilst passing through the Australian Bight.
4 doctors and two nurses present. Quite an interesting event for all but the patient.
The Orderly Room was fitted up into quite an up to-date operating theatre.
The ship is very crowded and I am afraid that we shall have our work cut out to preserve
the health of the troops whilst passing through the tropics. Passed through a large school
of whales this morning, caused a great deal of excitement amongst the troops.
Saturday, 24th October, 1914.
Another fine day with smooth sea. Quite phenomenal weather for this route. All cases
of seasickness are disappearing. An Amusement committee has been formed for the
purpose of carrying out entertainments for the troops on board.
All being well we hope to reach Albany some time tomorrow when it is expected to pick
up the remainder of the fleet of transports.
-1Sunday, 25th October 1914.
Another fine day with smooth sea. Nothing substantial to record. Three Church
Services held during the morning at which a collection was taken in aid of the distressed
Servicemen. At the time of writing there are strong indications of a storm rising.
Monday, 26th October 1914.
Quite a change in the weather. Heavy rain and high seas are the order of the day. At
6 a.m. our Flagship the “Orrelto “was sighted steaming on our beam.
At 7 a.m. we entered King George’s Sound and as we steamed into the bay all the vessels
who had arrived before us loomed into view and it was a sight to behold. 23 large ocean
going vessels converted into transports lying at anchor in the bay.
During the day two warships and 4 additional transports arrived. 4 more vessels are still
to arrive to complete the fleet from Australia. The New Zealanders are expected to
arrive tomorrow. It is a wonderful sight to see the bay vessels amounting to some
thousands of lives.
The health of the troops is still keeping excellent. Life on board up to the present has
been most enjoyable. Plenty of music and some hundreds of good books which have all
been kindly donated for the use of the troops.
Tuesday, 27th October 1914.
Weather still rough. Tried hard to get leave to go ashore but not successful. Nothing
startling occurred during the day. S.S. “Katuna” arrived during the afternoon and
reported the loss of two horses.
A grand concert, organised by the Archdeacon Richard, was held this evening which was
a great success.
The weather still continues rough with a thunder storm working up. The health of the
troops is still continuing excellent.
Having received no news of the war since leaving Hobart. Everyone anxious to have
news of same.
Wednesday, 28th October 1914.
Still lying in the sound awaiting turn to enter harbour and coal up.
developed on board. Patient sent off to Albany Hospital.
One case of typhoid
-2Quite a deal of indignation exists amongst the troops owing to the fact that all letters sent
off yesterday have been held up for censorship. A general order has been issued by the
G.O.C. that no letters are to be posted, only postcards with no indication of our
whereabouts to be sent.
The New Zealanders arrived in the sound this morning. They look well fitted up and the
accommodation appears to be far better than our ships. 3 warships, one Japanese, the
“Minator” Flagship China Squadron and the “Pyramus”.
Thursday, 29th October, 1914.
Weather again beautiful and fine. We go into harbour this morning and take on 500 tons
of coal and 300 tons of water. Much disappointment, unable to go ashore.
Harbour
full of boats coaling etc.
Home mail arrived on board, much excitement. 6 men fell overboard, quickly rescued.
Number of New Zealanders arrived on board. Fine lot of chaps and well fitted out.
Friday, 30th October, 1914.
Completed coaling and moved out into roadstream at 8 a.m. we were unable to go
ashore. Albany appears to be a very pretty little place although quiet. Inoculation for
typhoid was commenced on board today. Quite a few refusing to be inoculated, these to
be dealt with for disobedience. A short time after the puncture, the arm becomes very
sore and a high fever rises.
We are eagerly awaiting to get on the move again. A few papers came aboard today and
they were rushed. All eagerly looking for war news. 27 cases of measles reported to
have broken out on board the “Star of England” (Transport A).
Saturday, 31st October, 1914.
Morning broke with heavy clouds and heavy rain soon followed. Quite an interesting
and busy day. Completion of inoculation the order of the day. I went through the
ordeal which was not at all unpleasant, seeing of course that the operation was performed
by a fair nurse, (Sister King, A.A.N.S). This operation has a peculiar effect upon some
and others none at all. The injection takes effect about 2 hours after inoculation.
The one unpleasant part of this business was the number of able-bodied men who
absolutely refused to be inoculated, and in consequence they were all discharged and sent
ashore this evening to be sent home. (28 in all were sent off, including one sergeant
(Sgt. Groom ) from 3rd B.A. Brigade Amn. Colmn). It was a poor exhibition of courage
and their send off consisted of a loud hoot from all hands.
-3We have been kept alive today by the continual fleet of small craft coming alongside.
The ladies had many admirers amongst our boat.
The Light Horse (Tas) Squadron is giving a concert tonight and gauging from the very
elaborate programme just issued, it promises to be a grand affair.
It is rumoured that we weigh anchor early tomorrow.
Sunday, 1st November, 1914.
The morning broke clear and fine. Orders received during the night for the fleet to
prepare for an early start. All ships moved into their stations during the night.
At 6.30 a.m. all anchors were weighed and the Flagship “Orrelto“ teamed away, followed
by the remaining ships of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Divisions and the New Zealanders.
It was an interesting sight to see the long column of ships loaded with troops and horses
passing through the entrance of King George’s Sound. Once clear of the sound the
Australian fleet formed three lines of “Line ahead”.
The 1st Division (“Orrellto“, Flagship) leading the centre on the port, and the 2nd Div.
With the “Wiltshire” leading up to position at a mile distance and in line with the 1st Div.
The 3rd Div. with the “Euripidies” leading moved up to its station on the starboard. All
ships then moved up to their stations. It was a magnificent sight to see the fleet of 28
ships in all, moving in 3 lines units each moving at a distance of 800 yds in rear of each
other.
The escort took up their position on the flanks and in the rear with the “Minator“ leading
the fleet. The New Zealanders, 10 ships in all, took up their station in the rear of our
fleet.
The following are the names and transport numbers of each ship in our Fleet:1st DIVISION
Orrelto A.3
Southern A.27
Armadale A.26
Peru A.4.
Saldaleha A.12
Katuna A.13
Hymethus A.1
Suffolk A.23
Anglo-Egyptain A.25
2nd DIVISION
Wiltshire A.18
Medic A.7
Ascanius A.11
Star of England A.15
Geelong A.2
Port Lincoln A.17
Karoo A.10
Marrare A.21
Clan Macquodale A.6
3rd DIVISION
Euripidies A.14
Argyleshire A.8
Shropshire A.21
Africa A.19.
Benalla A.24
Rangatire A.22
Star of Victoria A.16
Hororate A.20
Omrab A.5
Militades A.28
-4In addition to the above we have the New Zealanders. Their transports consists of 10
ships. The whole fleet is escorted by 6 warships which include a Japanese Man of War.
Monday, 2nd November 1914.
Weather again fine. Nothing startling occurring to note. All eyes are scanning the
horizon for sight of our West Australian Transports which we expect to pick up off
Fremantle. Received news by wireless that England has declared war on Turkey.
Things look a bit queer for us getting through the Suez safely.
Tuesday, 3rd November, 1914.
We ran into very dirty weather during the night and it was not long before waves were
washing aboard and things generally were rolling about. During the day the seas
increased in fury resulting in many being laid aside with “mal de mer”.
The “Medic” and the “Ascanius” took up their station in our Division today. We picked
them up some 150 miles out from Fremantle.
Wednesday, 4th November, 1914.
Seas have moderated slightly but we are still very rough. The rough weather of
yesterday played havoc with the horses. Quite a number were thrown overboard from
the various ships.
A concert by the 12th Infantry which proved quite successful.
Thursday, 5th November, 1914.
Still steaming ahead quietly. Just entered the danger zone for German cruisers. Great
precautions being taken to cover up our movements
Great excitement prevails. The R.M.S. “Osterly” passed through our lines homeward
bound, being about 6 p.m. the first boat to be seen outside our Fleet since leaving Hobart.
In passing it seems strange that while we are sailing with all lights out at night the above
boat is allowed to pass on quite ablaze with lights.
Friday, 6th November, 1914.
We are nearing the tropics. The weather beginning to get unusually hot and muggy.
Great excitement prevails this morning- quite a scare. “The Emden” German cruiser
reported to be in the vicinity.
-5All ships close up and the warships get out scouting. Fire alarm, collision and boat drill
have been the order of the day. Health of troops being splendid.
Saturday, 7th November, 1914.
Weather getting decidedly warmer. Order given for troops to sleep on deck. Ships
moving with great precaution . It is reported that H.M.S. “Minator” gave chase and fired
one round at the “Emden” during the night. Orders given for the whole fleet to move
with every light dimmed or put out.
Sunday, 8th November, 1914.
Weather getting decidedly warmer. All kinds of light clothing (some extremely light)
brought into wear. Sad news arrived on board today. One man died on the “Euripides”
and was buried at sea this morning. Word also came through from the “Athemic” that 2
New Zealanders had died from fever during the night. This is a bad start.
One pleasing thing worth noting on our ships is the keenness of all ranks to increase their
knowledge of their respective work and instruction is being carried on at high pressure.
Monday, 9th November 1914.
Great excitement intermingled with joy and sorrow prevailed today. At 7 a.m. the
H.M.A.S. “Sydney” steamed away at full speed towards the west and at 10 a.m. the
“Melbourne “and the T.M.S “Ibuka” a Japanese cruiser, hoisted their battle flags and
flew through the water to the westward. It was evident that something was doing.
At 11 a.m. a wireless message was received from “Sydney” to say that she had engaged
the German cruiser “Emden” and had damaged her to such an extent that she beached and
was then in pursuit of her casualties.
News was received later to say that the
“Melbourne” had 2 killed and 13 wounded. German casualties were not given. This is
the first real fight that the Australian Navy has been engaged in and of course we are all
very proud of the “Sydney’s” achievement.
The “Euripides “signaled up today that she was burying another man who had died
during the day. This casts gloom over all of us. Inoculations again was the order of the
day. The weather is getting warmer and the troops are feeling somewhat distressed. It
is surprising the summer rigouts that have turned up.
Tuesday, 10th November 1914.
The “Orrelto “ issued an order today giving details of “Sydney’s” engagement with the
“Emden”. Casualties on the “Emden” are reported to be 120 killed, 130 wounded and 43
missing. The “Sydney’s” casualties are 3 killed and 15 wounded.
Weather still very hot.
-6Wednesday, 11 November, 1914.
Still sailing along gently. Nothing of importance occurring during the day. Tobacco,
cigarettes and matches are becoming a very scarce commodity.
Weather still warm. Troops are feeling the heat very much. Health still continues to be
excellent.
Crossed the line during the early morning. No demonstrations taking place. Expect to
reach Colombo on Sunday.
Saturday, 14th November, 1914.
The same old thing. Plenty of work. No smokes and little to drink. Looking forward to
getting ashore at Colombo.
Sunday, 15th November,1914.
Sighted Galb Light the southern most point of Ceylon at 4 a.m. At 6 a.m. passed
through a fleet of Catamarans ( Singhalese fishing craft). They were like flies on the
water. Arrived at Colombo at 1.30 p.m. The harbour full of ships and war boats. The
Russian warship H.T.M.S. “Askfold” came out and guarded our port side. The
“Sydney” arrived with the German wounded. A number were taken into the Colombo
Hospital.
We stood off the shore and could not get leave to go ashore and see the town. Colombo
is a very interesting place- everything continental.
Monday, 16th November 1914.
Still lying at Colombo. All anxious to get ashore but it could not be arranged. Quite a
little excitement was caused this evening. A number of our boys boarded a launch lying
alongside the ship and got ashore. They had a great time ashore but all suffering some
punishment now. Each man received 12 days in the cells.
Tuesday, 17th November 1914.
Left Colombo at 11.30 a.m. leaving the 3rd Division to complete coaling and watering
and to follow later - The H.M.S. “Hampshire “.
-7Wednesday, 18th November, 1914.
Still moving.
O.K.
The 3rd Division appearing over the horizon. Our fleet is now complete.
Saturday, 21st November, 1914.
A sad catastrophe occurred this morning. A man from the “Shropshire” fell overboard.
A comrade went over after him but both were drowned. Seas still beautifully calm.
Sunday, 22nd November, 1914.
Quite an easy day.
Nothing doing. Sea like glass.
Monday, 23rd November, 1914.
At daylight the Island of Socotra loomed into sight. At breakfast time we were almost
off it. A very uninviting place, barren and very rugged. Inhabited only by natives of a
cannibal instinct so we are given to understand. The Island is 70 miles long and 40
miles wide. We are looking forward to seeing Aden tomorrow morning. Our supplies
are running short. Water supply is now limited .
No tobacco, matches or cigarettes obtainable for love or money. The fabulous price of
2/- was paid last week for a packet of 10 cigarettes and 6d. for a box of matches. We are
looking forward to a good long smoke on reaching Aden.
Tuesday, 24th November, 1914.
Heat still intense. Everything going well. Severe famine in tobacco and matches.
Exorbitant prices being offered for cigarettes. A problem. A man paid 6d. for two
cigarettes and exchanged one for a match (safety). If a cigarette costs 3d. and one
cigarette is worth one safety match , what is a pine post 12ft x 6” worth.
Everybody looking forward to reaching Aden tomorrow in the hopes of being able to get
a smoke.
-8Wednesday, 25th November, 1914.
Came in sight of the Arabian coast during the afternoon and reached Aden at 5 p.m.
Aden is the most godforsaken hole that I have yet seen. Nothing but barren rock backed
by sandy desert.
We did not land. Town consists of a huge fort (British) and a number of Government
buildings etc. A wonderful sight was seen on entering the harbour. Fully 200 ships
(including our own) lie at anchor. Mostly “troopers” returning to India for fresh troops.
Ship boats have gone ashore for stores “Hurrah“.
Alas our hopes for a smoke are dashed again. Boats returned from shore minus tobacco
and matches. None procurable. The ship’s company were, however, able to secure a
quantity of cigarettes for which they paid 1/- per hundred and are dealing them out to the
troops for 10/- per 100. Not bad interest.
Anchors were weighed at 6 a.m. and a start made for Port Said.
We passed Perim Island at 4 a.m. and entered the Straits of Bab-el-Manded. A British
Garrison is stationed at Perim Island. Turkish forts were seen on the mainland. The
country on both sides of us is nothing but a wild desert; too awful to imagine.
Tonight we are sailing through the Red Sea with all lights out. Heat is still intense.
Sailing gaily up the Red Sea. Heat intense but troops holding up bravely. Numerous
troopers (B.I. boats) are passing us on return to India for fresh reinforcements.
All hands abound with delight. We obtained a supply of tobacco and cigarettes from the
“Orrelto “this afternoon and everyone has a smiling face.
Saturday. 28th November, 1914.
Great excitement prevails. A wireless has just come through to say that we (the Aust.
Div.) will disembark at Alexandria and proceed to Cairo and complete our training and to
demonstrate before the Turks.
It is thought that we will eventually advance against the
Turks.
Sunday, 29th November, 1914.
Heat intense. Not feeling well.
-9Monday, 30th November, 1914.
Had a bad night. In bed all day. Fleet manoeuvering into line ahead. Entered Gulf of
Suez.
Tuesday, 1st December, 1914.
Dropped anchor off Suez Canal at 8 p.m. Quite a number of boats awaiting to go through
the canal. Our ship had hardly anchored when the sides were lined with -----boats. Arabs in small sailing boats selling fruit, cigarettes etc. It is amusing to watch
their methods of selling.
Wednesday, 2nd December, 1914.
The Gulf of Suez presents a very impressive sight. As the Dawn broke this a.m. a fleet
of vessels are observed coming over the horizon. When they anchored alongside of us
we found them to be Indian transports and taking British and native troops to the Front.
Suez is a most interesting place. The desert stretches for miles on either side.
We enter the canal at 3.15 p.m. It is a wonderful piece of engineering.
Great defensive works are being constructed along the banks of the canal by the R.E. and
the Gurkas from India. This day has been the most interesting of the voyage.
Thursday, 3rd December 1914.
Arrived at Port Said at 6 a.m. Could not land. The harbour full of ships. Some 8
warships of all descriptions. Great warlike preparations are being made for defence of
Canal. A large number of British and Indian troops quartered here together with a
French Aero Fleet .
Witnessed a trial of a French sea plane. It was most interesting. The coaling operations
of the natives was a sight worth seeing.
We left the Canal at 3.15 p.m. and went into the Mediterranean and anchored.
Friday, 4th December 1914.
Still lying at anchor off Port Said waiting berthing accommodation at Alexandria where
we are to disembark.
Saturday, 5th December, 1914.
Still at anchor. Raining hard. The first on the voyage.
- 10 Sunday, 6th December, 1914.
Still at anchor. Nothing unusual to note.
Monday, 7th December, 1914.
Still lying by. Rumour has it that we move in tomorrow. I hope so. Most depressing
this idle wait.
Tuesday, 7th December.1914.
Our hopes are crushed again. We are still lying by.
Wednesday, 8th December 1914.
Joy at last. Orders received for our ship to move in. Weighed anchor 9 p.m.
Thursday, 9th December, 1914.
Arrived Alexandria 1 p.m. Started to unload. Obtained leave as a favour to visit the
city. Much impressed with the sights, especially methods of business. Open cafes
everywhere.
One is pestered with natives offering their services as guides. A most necessary
commodity if one wants to see the many interesting sights, especially at night time. The
filth and squalor is very marked especially the native quarters. The immorality of this
place is terrible. It is sanctioned by the Government. All nationalities are to be found
here. French predominate.
The native police are funny in the extreme, especially the way they control the lower
classes. At the wharf one is pestered with native peddlers and hawkers. Their sole plea
is for “ininish “ ? money.
The conveyances for heavy carting consists of a low platform about 3ft. by 8ft. and 4
wheels and are drawn by arab stallions or donkeys. Their load consists of about as much
as one would put in a decent size wheelbarrow.
The city was full of soldiers. We left for Cairo at 4 p.m. The train service was excellent.
Had a most pleasant and interesting ride through the Delta country. On both sides of the
railway the country is most fertile and the scheme of irrigation is quite an eye opener.
The land apparently will grow anything. The vegetables are of an enormous size.
The native villages are most peculiarly laid out and the method of tilling the land
somewhat strange to us Australians. It is quite common to see an ox and a camel, or a
camel and a donkey pulling an old wooden plough.
- 11 We arrived at Cairo at 10 p.m. The central Station is a marvellous piece of structure.
The size of it is enormous. We transported all stores, vehicles, and men from railway
trucks, electric train wagons etc. After a snack provided by the good people of Cairo at
11 p.m. we started for Mena, distance of 10 miles from Cairo. The electric train
conveyed us to the camp sight where all stores etc. were transferred to donkey carts.
After some difficulty in getting the native drivers to our way of thinking we landed on the
ground allotted to us at about 1.30 a.m. No tents being erected for us we threw out on
the sand and slept the sleep of the just. Thus ended a most interesting day, one which
will linger long in our memory.
Friday, 10th December, 1914.
We rose at sunrise and wonders met us everywhere. To our great surprise we discovered
we had slept the night under the lee of the Great Gizah Pyramid with pyramids of a lesser
note and the Sphinx within a stone’s throw. The country surrounding is a vast desert of
sand. Not a blade of grass to be found anywhere
We had another interesting day shifting and pitching camp. All our stores and
equipment being carried by camels and donkey carts, the loading of the camels being
quite novel to us all.
We have to date about 25,000 men in this camp and it is expected that the number will
reach 80,000 before the end of the month.
Saturday, 11th December 1914.
Squaring camp and still taken up with our surroundings. Having great fun with the
natives. The camp ground is full of them. Our horses arrived in camp.
Sunday, 12th December 1914.
A quiet day. All very tired and took the advantage to get back a little sleep. Our first
party went on to Cairo.
Now that we have our horses we are kept very busy. The camp is pestered with
donkeymen (Muleteers) and camelmen offering rides on their beasts for a small piastes.
The native or Egyptian currency is causing us a deal of worry. All amounts are spoken
of in Piastes - 5 of these coins are equal to 1/-
- 12 Tuesday, 14th December, 1914.
Sorting horses and equipment. Made the acquaintance of Abdul Mahomet and Saleb el
Gabbrie. Both men of some standing in their native villages and who have promised to
give us a good time.
Wednesday, 15th December, 1914.
A quiet day.
Guns arrived in camp. Everything now ready to start work.
This has been the most interesting day of the whole trip so far. At 3.30 p.m. myself and
Lt. A.P. Crisp left camp to do the pyramids and sphinx. After selecting a suitable guide
we started for the Gazallos Tombs, passing on our way the excavations being carried out
at the foot of the Gizah Pyramid. The excavations are being carried out in a huge burial
ground so to speak, an area of ground that has at one time been set apart for the tombs of
the offshoots of the family of the King who died and was buried in the Gizah Pyramid
and in which are situated hundreds of tombs of all sizes.
The Professor of the Harvard University of the U.S.A. has purchased the right to search
these tombs for mummies and antiquities. A large number of natives are constantly
employed digging out and screening the earth.
After leaving the excavations we proceeded to the Tombs of Gazallah. They consist of
huge passages and recesses cut out of the solid rock in which the ancient Egyptians were
buried. The bodies, mummies, have all been removed and placed in various museums.
The pictures carved on the walls of the various tombs are simply wonderful.
After thoroughly exploring these tombs our guide led us through a field of wells ( from
which water was obtained in the ancient days), to the Sphinx. This is a wonderful piece
of work. The head of a man is carved out of solid rock. The height from the ground to
the top of the head is approx. 20ft.
The Sphinx is partly destroyed by having the nasal portion knocked off. It is said by
Napoleon who fired at it with one of his guns.
Here we found dozens of camels or dromedaries as they are called, gaily and brilliantly
decorated with many photographers and scores of native guides and hawkers, fortune
tellers and water sellers. The dromedaries are hired for rides into the Sahara desert etc.
- 13 After thoroughly inspecting and exploring the Sphinx and its immediate surroundings we
entered the Temple of the Sphinx. This temple was used by the ancient Egyptians for
prayers.
After picking up another guide or keeper of the tombs, as it is called and passed in
through a huge iron gate. The construction of the interior of the tombs being simply
wonderful. The passages and recesses where the mummies at one time were placed and
the recess for the high priests were constructed of huge slabs or blocks of red and black
granite measuring in many cases 20ft. x 7ft. x 4ft. and most wonderfully preserved.
The floors were covered with white marble and huge columns of red granite supported
the ceiling of the room. The roof has since been removed and taken to build mosques in
various places.
After thoroughly exploring the Temple we proceeded to climb the Gizah Pyramid.
Before making the ascent we had to engage a fresh guide. Owing to the casing of
marble or alabaster having been removed from the pyramid, the ascent was not at all
difficult. We reached the top after a very easy climb and there partook of black coffee
and were just in time to witness a marvelous feat of climbing and endurance by one of the
natives.
For the sum of 20 piastes he undertook to descend from the top of the large pyramid
down the most difficult part, cross to an adjacent one and climb the top in 9 minutes.
The second one being most difficult to climb and one that very few people dare go up.
He did the descent and ascent in 7 ½ mins.
From the top was an excellent view of the Upper Nile, surrounding villages and the
Sahara
Desert. By the time we reached the bottom it was too late to do any more exploring so
we put visiting the tombs under the pyramid until a further time.
We mounted camels (Dromedaries) and returned to camp tired and hungry, thus ending
one of the most interesting days of the trip.
Thursday, 17th December 1914.
Nothing of importance to note. A hard day’s work in camp. The boys held a donkey
race meeting during the luncheon hour. Some four or five races were gone through, the
same 4 beasts being used for each event with fresh riders. Quite a series of accidents
occurred, many falls as the animals were only about 8 hands and having a habit of falling
as soon as the riders were off, no damage was done. Met quite a lot of old Tasmanian
boys in other corps.
- 14 Friday, 18th December, 1914.
A dense fog hanging over the camp this morning quite equal to anything that I have seen
in Tasmania.
Another very interesting day and one that I shall long remember. The morning was
taken up with general routine in camp.
At 1 p.m. myself, Green and Mckenzie enlisted the services of our guide Abdul Ali and
proceeded on a visit to the mosques of Cairo. Even in this we were not allowed to pass
without some little experiences. We thought to do the thing in style and so we hired a
stylish touring car which broke down after taking us only a short distance. We
transferred to a taxi and had not gone very far when our guide informed us that the fare
demanded was altogether out of proportion and not being able to beat the driver down,
we showed our independence and boarded a garry.
After a pleasant run through the site of old Cairo where great excavations were being
carried out, we reached the mosque of Ambr-ibsy- Elas . This is a huge building with a
holding capacity of 60,000 containing 366 marble columns. This mosque is filled every
Friday with worshippers.
We next visited the mosque of Mohamet Pasha and it differed very much in its grandeur
from the last one. It contains some 300 tombs, the greater number being those of nobles.
The splendour of the decorations and works of art was beyond our comprehension. The
pulpit being one mass of inlaid ivory. The colourings and design of decorations were
something lovely. The chandeliers of cut glass were huge and beautiful.
Our next run brought us to the Mosque of El Emell el Shaffie . Another huge building,
beautifully decorated, the marble floors being covered with the most beautiful carpets.
After noting many things of interest here, our guide next led us to the mosque of
Mohomet Ali Pasha, the largest and most beautiful of all mosques in Cairo. The
building is situated in the Citadel and is enormously large. It only contains one tomb,
that of Mohomet Ail Pasha which in itself is a wonderful work of art.
The interior of the mosque is beyond imagination. The huge temple with polished
marble floor and highly polished alabaster walls and carpets of the most beautiful colour
and quality. This mosque is lit with some 7,000 electric lights. The decorations and the
ceilings are of the most beautiful and delicate colours. The Temple of this Mosque alone
will hold 60,000 worshippers. I have never in all my life seen such wonderful work.
After spending an hour there we next visited the Mosque of King Assonau noted for its
gold and silver door at which the King used to enter.
- 15 It was now getting late so we wended our way to native bazaars. The description of this
place would take too long. The streets are narrow in which are crowded shops and stalls
of all kinds and variety. We visited a curio shop at which we made some small
purchases. Arriving in the city proper, we dismissed our garry and proceeded to a café to
satisfy the inner man, being more than satisfied with our day.
After doing justice to a good meal we proceeded to explore the city of Cairo and many
wonderful sights met our eyes. The traffic is about the most congested that I have yet
seen. The one thought here is to cater for pleasure of all descriptions. The cafes are all
open and in many places extending out into the street. The place is full of cafes at which
all kinds of amusements are held to entice the unwary.
After seeing many things that one could not write about, we called a car and proceeded
back to camp, it is now being 12 p.m., feeling well satisfied with the day.
Sunday, 20th December, 1914.
A quiet morning. Letter writing all afternoon.
Monday, 21st December, 1914.
Started to work the horses in harness.
Lecture at night.
Tuesday, 22nd December, 1914.
In Cairo during day, cabled Seasons Greetings home.
In the evening met Green and McKenzie and another look at the city at night. Fresh
places were explored and the more we saw the more we came to the conclusion that
Cairo was the most immoral city that it has been our fortune to visit. Nearly every house
in certain quarters is a brothel of the worst order. In the city there are a large number of
these places (of higher standing ) being mostly occupied by French and Italian women.
We returned to camp at 10.a.m.
Wednesday, 23rd December, 1914.
Nothing unusual to note. Hard at work all day and lecture at night. The day has been
very warm.
Another hard day’s work. Received word that I have been promoted to Warrant Rank.
Rather a nice Christmas box.
Paid a visit in the evening to the Engineer and had a seasonal glass with the lads.
- 16 Friday, 25 December, 1914.
Paid a visit to the 12th Battalion’s Lines in the morning and saw all the old friends.
Paid a visit to the Zoo in the afternoon. Owing to dense traffic had quite a difficult time
in obtaining a conveyance. The zoo is quite an up to date show. Well stocked. The
exhibits of giraffes and zebras are very fine.
Received first letter from home this morning.
Had the first mounted parade today. Teams worked well.
Sunday, 27th December, 1914.
Slept nearly all day.
Testing gunlayer and preparing harness for route march to Cairo.
Tuesday, 29th December, 1914.
Went to Port Said to meet R.M.S “Osterly”.
Wednesday, 30th December, 1914.
Went on board “Osterly “and was disappointed at finding that Gertie had not made it as
was intended. Met quite a lot of Australian people on board. Sent a parcel to Bert per
Capt. Williams.
Returned to camp 11 p.m. Had almost interesting run through in the train from Port Said.
The country passed through was highly cultivated. Saw two armoured trains and troops
camped along the line.
Thursday, 31st December 1914.
Handed over my duties as B.S.M. to S.M. Light and took over Brigade duties.
Friday, 1st January, 1915.
Worked all day.
Not at all like New Year’s Day.
- 17 -
Saturday, 2nd January, 1915.
Still another hard day’s work.
Sunday, 3rd January, 1915.
A constitutional ride in the morning. Letter writing in the afternoon.
(no further entries in the diary until January 27th.)
Wednesday, 27th January, 1915.
Nothing of special interest transpired during this period. Everybody is hard at work
drilling etc.
In the morning I went to Port Said. Met Gert returning to Australia on R.M.S. “Orsova “.
First contact with the Turks took place this morning off the Canal. Great activity prevails
along the coast. Casualties up to date are very light.
Thursday, 28th February, 1915.
Returned to camp from Port Said.
Friday, 29th January, 1915.
Brigade moved out and bivouacked and dug themselves in.
Saturday, 30th January, 1915.
Inspection by C.O. Half Holiday.
Sunday, 31st January, 1915.
Day of rest. Nothing doing.
Monday, 1st February, 1915.
Route March.
War strength.
Column 7 miles long.
Tuesday, 2nd February, 1915.
Manoeuvres. Bivouac at night. Digging in.
- 18 Wednesday, 3rd February, 1915.
Half holiday. 2nd Inft. Bde. March out.
Thursday, 4th February, 1915.
Thursday night service on the Canal.
Friday, 4th February, 1915.
Moved out to training area during the afternoon. Bivouacked and dug in during night.
Saturday, 6th February, 1915.
Returned to camp 7 a.m. The whole Division was photographed. Half holiday. Things
moving somewhat briskly on the Canal.
Harry arrived with 2nd contingent.
Sunday, 7th February 1915 to 19th February 1915.
No event of any great importance occurring in or around Mena Camp during this period.
The Division doing solid work. All envying the chosen few (2nd Inft. Bde.) seeing
service on the Canal. Two short brisk actions have taken place on the Canal. The
Turks being badly driven back. They were allowed to reach the banks of the Canal with
bridging material before fire being opened. Result: All material and a number of
prisoners being captured. Our casualties only 67 (9 killed).
A day in town with W.O. Stamps. Had quite an interesting time visiting antiquities
merchants. Made some small purchases which were forwarded home.Visited Heliophis
Camp. Returned to Cairo, dined and at home 8.30 p.m.Sunday, 21st February, 1915.An
easy day. Church Parade. Met friends and showed them round the Camp in the
Afternoon.Monday, 22nd February, 1915.A quite day with Adjutant on the desert.
Battery training.Tuesday, 23rd February, 1915.Morning in the office. Afternoon into
Cairo. Met Mons. Yackon and Mmle Jack . Had afternoon tea. Returned to camp 8
p.m. Attended “smoker” 1st F.A. Bde. Sergeant’s Mess. Had an enjoyable time.
Made speeches and returned to Camp 11 p.m. Pretty “full the now” .Wednesday, 24th
February, 1915.A day in Camp. Great excitement prevailing. 3rd Infantry Bde. and 8th
Battery received order to move - to where we do not know- presumably Jaffa. The
remainder of our Bde. to follow at close intervals. All glad at the prospect of early
action.
- 19 Thursday, 25th February, 1915.
All bustle. Casting horses, refitting store, altering sun shields etc. and generally
preparing for an early move.
Friday, 26th February, 1915.
An easy morning in Camp. At 1 p.m. moved out with staff to take part in big Signal
Exercise with whole Division. Quite an interesting time - remained out till 12 M.N.
Bright moonlit night and movement through palms, farms and native villages somewhat
novel and fraught. Natives quite scared in many places. Strong opposition barred our
entrance for some time to a native village called El Tahbea.
Here the native guards or watchmen blocked our progress and bright shining muskets
bristled out of many corners. After a little parleying , we managed to make them
understand that activities were of goodwill.
They allowed us to pass on. After an interesting exercise we returned to Camp at 1 a.m.
Great excitement. General order just issued warning the whole Division to be in
readiness to move at short notice. We are expecting our marching orders very shortly.
Sunday, 28th February, 1915.
Church Parade in the morning as usual. Busy all morning preparing S.A.A. Section
B.A.C. to move out. Destination unknown. 3rd Inf Bde moved out for service
destination unknown - admist great cheering etc.
Harry arrived in Camp paying a visit. Letter writing all evening.
Monday, 1st March, 1915.
A quiet day in Camp. 2nd Bde. Doing gunnery practice.
Tuesday, 2 March, 1915.
On range all day. 3rd Bde. Gunnery practice.
Attended lecture by
Brigadier General Cuncliffe - -------- C.R.A. entitled “ Fighting on the Asine “. This
being the second given by this officer. The other was the “Retreat from Mons “. Both
lectures interesting and instructive.
- 20 Wednesday, 3rd March 1915.
General overhauling of equipment and preparing for an early move to the front. All
anxious to get away.
Thursday, 4th March 1915.
Morning in Camp. Spent the afternoon in Cairo. Spent a pleasant hour with Mrs.
Jaillon. Returned to camp 11 p.m.
Friday, 5th March, 1915.
In Cairo at Gov. Arsenal arranging repairs to wagon. Obtained an insight from a native
regarding Mohammedan custom of wooing and marriages. Method of testing
maidenhood etc. Code of morals which are very strict. During evening took part in
large Divisional Tactical Scheme. The whole Division at war strength taking part.
Operations ceasing at 6 a.m. Saturday.
Saturday, 6th March 1915.
Something doing. Great preparations going on for an early move. It is expected that we
will get away early next week.
Sunday, 7th to Monday 15th.
General cleaning up and preparing for an early move. All guns and carriages have been
painted a tan colour and at present look much like the vehicles of a travelling circus.
Something quite out of the ordinary has occurred. It is raining. The first real rain since
we have been in Egypt. 4 p.m.
Tuesday, 16th March, 1915.
A busy day. Brigade drill. Moving brigade over rough ground. Excellent training.
Major Parker, 8th Battery, taken to hospital.
Wednesday, 17th March, 1915.
A.M. Hauling guns and wagons up steep slopes. Interesting and useful trainingworking up slopes of 40ft.
Afternoon: swimming horses -punting guns across streams.
Death of Major Parker D.S.O. reported at 9 p.m. This sad event has cast a gloom over
the whole Brigade. He was a good soldier, a thorough gentleman and a thoughtful
comrade.
- 21 Thursday, 18th March, 1915,
Gloomy work. Exercising Firing Party for funeral through the morning. Buried Major
Parker in the Cairo (British) Cemetery in the afternoon. A large and well represented
funeral.
Tactical Scheme.
Preparing -------- etc. for an early move.
Saturday, 20th March, 1915.
Court Martial duty all day Letter writing etc. during evening.
Sunday, 21st March, 1915.
A quiet day.
Monday, 22nd March, 1915.
Court Martial Duty.
Tuesday, 23rd March, 1915.
Tactical scheme.Wednesday, 24th March, 1915.A day in town. Visited Hasr-el-Hil
Barracks. This is the largest British Barracks in Cairo. It covers a vast area and is more
like a town.
Visited the Moresky, native quarters. Went through all the bazaars. Was most interested
in the spice bazaar.
Returned to the city. Met S.M. Light, had dinner and took a look around the Wosar
quarter.
Thursday, 25th March, 1915.
Tactical Scheme.
Tactical Scheme.
- 22 Saturday, 27th March, 1915 to Saturday 3rd April, 1915.
General training and inspection. Received orders to prepare for early removal to the
Front. - destination unknown - presumably Turkey, Asia Minor. Some units have
moved out tonight.
Saturday, 4th April, 1915.
Busy preparing to get away. Move out and embark on Monday evening 5/4/15. Will
probably be the last entry for some time.
Monday, 5th April, 1915.
Moved out of camp amidst one of the severest sand storms that we have yet experienced.
Entrained at Cairo. Arrived Alexandria at 4 a.m. and proceeded to embark on the
“Cardiganshire” A. 18.
7th April, 1915.
Completed embarking and sailed at 1.15 p.m. for somewhere under sealed orders.
Our Doctor went ashore to get bedding for hospital. He arrived back just as our ship had
pulled off. Left Doctor and staff sitting on bedding on the wharf. All wharves at
Alexandria were full of ships. Several large French Transports unloading so great
activity.
The whole of the Australian and New Zealand Divisions all embarking here. Sealed
order broken when out at sea. Destination, Gallipoli, Turkey, from the landing maps
issued.
BATTLE OF GALLIPOLI PENINSULA.
9TH APRIL, 1915.
At sea on the Mediterranean.
10th April, 1915.
Passed through many islands . Lemnos our rendezvous at 4 p.m. Passed through
minefields into harbour at 6 p.m.
- 24 Lemnos is a Greek island taken over by the British. It is an elongated shaped island and
is very pretty. Greek farms studded the foreshores and hills. An ideal harbour well
protected. Inside was full of ships, transports, warships, and hospital ships. Our 3rd
Inft. Bde. in camp on the foreshore. There are hundreds of ships awaiting here for a
general move to Gallipoli where we are to force a landing. Warships of all nations,
French, Russian and British. We hope to move for a landing in the course of a few days
and expect strong opposition.
11th April, 1915.
Moved into our station with other transports. The village of Lemnos looks very pretty
nestled amongst the hills. The country is devoid of any timber. This is an ideal harbour
for the concentration of a large force. It is estimated that we will have at least 150,000
troops concentrated here and a large number of warships.
There are a number of small villages on the island.
12th April, 1915.
Still lying at anchor. Transports still arriving . A German airship sighted this morning.
Our seaplanes went up. The German disappeared.
13th April, 1915.
Went ashore and stretched our legs. The country surrounding us is very pleasant .
Undulating country cultivated etc.. This island is leased from Greece for the large sum of
1 pound per annum.
14th April, 1915.
Still laying at rest.
Having a lazy time.
15th April, 1915.
Went ashore to one of the villages this morning. Saw a portion of French Division. The
Greek people here are very hospitable but are very quaint. Their dress and customs are
indeed very antiquated.
A captive balloon went up to day to observe.
The Dardenelles are a only a short way from this place (Port Murdos).
- 24 16th April, 1915.
Still lying in the Port of Murdos. Went ashore during the morning and spent an hour in
one of the many villages on the island. The inhabitants are all Greek and are very
friendly disposed to us despite the war. They have gone so far as to print notices of
welcome to the Allied Troops.
Had landing exercises during the afternoon.
Vessels still keep coming into the Bay. Some 20 have arrived since we cast anchor.
17th April, 1915.
Ashore again during the morning. Had a most pleasant walk over the hill and dale and
through cornfields. On the hills surrounding us there are erected quite a number of
windmills used for crushing corn.
Visited the village of Cados. Had coffee with an inhabitant. Received news of the
success of our troops (British ) in Mesopotamia Asia-Minor.
LANDING GALLIPOLI PENINSULA.
Active preparations being made for an early landing on Gallipoli Peninsula.
By all accounts we have a hard and difficult task before us.
17th April, 1915.
At rest Port Murdos. Making final preparations for an early departure to the Dardanelles.
All Troops are apportioned off into tours. 97 Officers and men per Battery and 48
horses per Brigade only are landing in 1st tour. Remainder remain on board till they
make good.
18th April, 1915.
Sunday.
Church service in the evening with Corporal Hare (Tas ).
19th April, 1915.
Transferring horses into barges and landing them for exercises ashore. Paid a visit to
Transport A.11 “Ascanius” and A.18 “Arkantian“. A.11 contains the Headquarters for
Army Corps and Australian Div.
-25 Monday, 19th April 1915.
Sending horses ashore for exercise. Have received no letters for 6 weeks. Practicing
landing. Rumors of a move tomorrow. More “troopers” have entered the Bay. The
sight that lies before us is very inspiring. Hundreds of vessels of all kinds laden with
troops.
Tuesday, 20th April, 1915.
All in high glee. Orders received for a move this afternoon. All preparations made for
landing. I am included in first party to leave.
LATER: Departure postponed for 24 hours. Weather conditions bad.
21st April, 1915.
Departure again delayed. Went on board A.29 Saw Harry - a pleasant surprise.
22nd, April, 1915.
Still waiting. Delay now making all anxious to get away. Ship officers volunteering for
service on trawlers to assist landing. Chief Officer brings his “ship” alongside. Great
amusement.
23rd, April, 1915.
Rumour of a move 11 a.m. 2 p.m. weigh anchor. Great jubilation. Move out of Bay.
Much disappointment - anchor outside. Not to proceed until tomorrow. All ships
divided up into echelons for landing.
A wonderful sight. Warships, destroyers, submarines and airships moving around and
above us. Three large hospital ships anchored in the roadstead ready to move. They
are all painted white with a large green band around them. This evening they are
encircled with a row of green lights.
24th, April 1915.
Things are moving rapidly. A number of transports with infantry aboard have gone.
During the morning the remainder of the fleet ( Troopers) came out. 2 p.m. all warships
departed preceded by submarines. 2 more hospital ships arrive. The Russian and
French warships getting ready to depart.
Our ship A.18 “ Cardingshire “ leaves at 1 a.m. Ordered to disembark at 8 a.m.
Message received from Ian Hamilton, G.O.C. This is going to be one of the biggest
moments in history. Nearly 500,000 troops afloat bound for one place.
Had an enjoyable day. Received 6 letters, the first for 5 weeks.
- 26 25th April, 1915.
What a memorable day. At 1 a.m. we steamed out of Port Murdos for Anafarta Bay at
which place we reached at 5 a.m. The warships had preceded us and had landed 3rd
Infantry Bde. The bombardment of the coast from the Dardanelles to the bay was
tremendous. About 20 ships belching forth. All shore batteries were apparently
silenced. Close in to discharge.
Saw Infantry attacking hills. Peal of musket
tremendous. At about 9 a.m. a destroyer came alongside and ordered us to close in and
informed us that Col. McClagan O/C 3rd Infantry Bde. had captured 3 Krupp Guns.
A great cheer went up.
At 9.30 a.m. the enemy’s shore guns got our range. First shell struck torpedo boat 50
yds from us, just under the waterline. Next shell a few yards from us and the next two
just over our bow. They had got the range and things looked very bleak for us. We
received orders to get out of range and then there was a rush to get away. It was a
narrow shave. Many curious incidents occurred trying to clear forecastle head when
shells dropped near. No trouble keeping the winches clear .
Miniwashes A.11 lost several of her boats.
All anxious to get ashore and help the infantry. We are the first artillery to go ashore.
Enemy’s battery causing trouble to our Infantry. Ships’ guns cannot locate them.
Bombardment tremendous. Our Infantry suffering terribly. Sent two guns with
horses ashore, commencing to send more.
Orders received to re-embark - country too precipitous. O/C and H/Q. sent ashore.
One of our B.A.C. wounded with shrapnel on returning to ship with boat. Infantry
returning - cannot hold on. The work done by the 3rd Infantry Bde. is magnificent cannot say more . They landed at 2 a.m. today in rowing boats The enemy was
entrenched on the beach. They made a renowned bayonet charge and took trench
after trench. Captured many prisoners and machine guns.
Unfortunately we cannot land the artillery to hold the ground they have so dearly won.
The roar of muskets and field gun fire is awful.
Almost deafening. Reported that
one shrapnel killed 30 men on the beach.
I shall never forget Sunday, 25th April. It has been a most perfect day as regards the
weather. The water was as smooth as a mill pond yet on the hills in front of us, men
were laying down their lives admist suffering. Our hospital ship the “Casgon “ has
returned to Port Murdos Station Hospital with a load of wounded. We heard that
the 12th Batt. were almost cut up.
At 5 p.m. this evening the H.M.S. Queen and Majestic commenced bombardment on
the hills to try and silence the enemy’s battery that was causing our Infantry trouble.
- 27 It is a great shame that we could not get our guns ashore to assist them for all the
casualties were being caused by the enemy’s shrapnel.
The Australians have made a name in history for themselves, particularly
the 12th Batt.
Their landing and the bayonet charge on the foreshore at dawn this
morning is beyond all praise.
They ran the enemy back about 3 miles, taking trench
after trench. The first attack was made without firing a shot. Their bayonet charges
were terrific.
The Turks could not stand them. It was something they had never
seen before.
The enemy Siege guns again commenced to shell our boats and in
consequence we had to pull further out.
The following is a rough diagram of the firing on our boat this morning. From it, it
will be seen that we had a very close shave.
Monday, 26th April, 1915.
At 6 p.m. to move out to Senos Island.
back over the ridge.
The enemy during the night drove our Infantry
The H.M.S. “Queen Elizabeth “came up during the night from the Dardanelles and at
daylight opened fire on the enemy with 15” shrapnel. This subdued the enemy’s fire.
Our position became so dangerous that all boats were ordered in to the shore ready to
take our forces off in the event of them being driven back to the shore. The Royal
Naval Division that had landed around Nibrunesi Pt. to make a dummy attack, were
brought round in tours during the early morning and with the aid of the naval guns and a
few of our own F Arty. guns, were able to retake the ridge commanding the foreshore and
make good a deal of ground that they had lost previous night. During the early
morning a small force of naval men landed and captured Kaba Tepe. This fort was
causing us a deal of trouble during landings.
- 28 This a.m. we are landing our artillery and hope to establish ourselves on the ridges
commanding the enemy’s position.
Landing Australian Artillery Anzac Cove 25th April 1915
I refer again to the magnificent work of 3rd Infantry Bde. during landing. Immediately
their boats neared the shore they leap out of their boats and rushed to cover. When the
order was given to charge, they rose and the onslaught was terrific. The Turks simply
fled. Nothing could stand against them. They took ridge after ridge and trench after
trench. Their advance was so rapid that at 8 a.m. they had advanced to a position which
it was intended they should reach at 6 p.m. Many funny and brave instances occurred
during the bayonet charge. One man lost his rifle overboard and not to be beaten he
took up an oar from the boat and rushed onto the Turks belabouring them with same.
Guns were sent ashore but it was found that there was no position available for them all
so the majority were sent back to the ships.
Tuesday, 27th April, 1915.
At 9.a.m all ships conveying artillery were sent away to make a demonstration up in the
Gulf of Senos.
Wednesday, 28th April 1915.
Senos Gulf. All boats lowered and under cover of torpedo boats, manoeuvered around
the Bay. Returned to vicinity of Base.
- 29 Thursday, 29th April, 1915.
Returned to Gulf of Senos. Boats were lowered off Fort Buclair. Guns in position on
Old Buclair. Lines opened fire. They fired live shell from one Fort and blanks from
another. Returned to Base.
Friday, 30th April, 1915.
Laying off waiting to land guns. 5 guns in action doing good work. Situation good.
Gradually pushing enemy back. Gaba Tepe guns silenced. Warships shelled Koyadere
and set fire to the town, destroying a quantity of stores and ammunition. 3rd Infantry
Bde. relieved from trenches after 5 days hard work. About 300 ships in sight. A
wonderful sight.
Saturday, 1st May, 1915.
Enemy still holding out . Casualties during the last few days slight.
whole of our artillery.
Unable to land
Sunday, 2nd May, 1915.
8 days today since we landed and have not gained 50 yards of ground. The enemy still
active. Casualties gradually mounting up. S.S.M. reported killed in boat on morning of
landing (Sunday last week). Major Smith, Cols. Hawley and Clark reported killed in
action same day. A big movement took place this evening, object is to try and gain
ground on flank. Bombardment by naval guns terrific. The sky is simply ablaze with
bursting shells.
Monday, 3rd May, 1915.
Last night’s movement unsuccessful. Some confusion - ground gained by our Infantry
but lost to enemy later on by some mishap our guns fired on our own Infantry. Some
casualties occurred. The 16th Batt. almost wiped out. Carnage terrible. Heavy guns of
enemy found range of boats this morning. Many narrow escapes. One column being
badly struck off-reported 1 killed, 7 wounded.
Left for Cape Helles to have artillery to assist 29th Division in the attack on Achi Baba.
This position of the enemy is holding us up. Arrived at sunrise.
The ruins of all the forts at entrance to straits are a sight to be seen. All the villages
adjoining Fort Kim Kali and Helles Port are razed to the ground.
The French Division and the 29th Imperial Division are occupying here and have done
some good work. They lost heroically during the landing.
- 30 Total casualties up to date in the Section - 7,000. Reinforcements badly wanted. An
aeroplane attack with bombs on shipping this afternoon. No damage done
All the hills on which troops are camped are like huge rabbit warrens. All are dug into
the ground. A big movement tonight. Expect big things. Anxiously awaiting to get
ashore.
Tuesday, 4th May, 1915.
Still waiting to get ashore. Many casualties still occurring.
Wednesday, 5th May, 1915.
Our left Flank advanced some 200yards. Enemy still strongly entrenched.
Battery causing us most annoyance. Warships bombarding heavily.
Col. Rosenthal and Major Bruyers wounded today.
Thursday, 6th May, 1915.
Hidden
No prospect of getting horses ashore. Our fighting line only 3 or 4 hundred yards from
the beach.
Australians relieved by R.N. Division and New Zealanders. Enemy attacked.
lines gave away. Australians put back into trenches and retook ground lost.
Our
Friday, 7th May, 1915.
Enemy’s shrapnel raking ridges and along trenches. Many casualties among the horses
and mules.
Saturday, 8th May, 1915.
Capt. Leslie 7th Bty. killed. Big loss to the Bde. He was a gallant officer.
ghastly sights amongst the wounded.
Some
Sunday, 9th May, 1915.
Enemy quiet. We are content to hold our ground until the British and French Divisions
make junctions with us. They are having a hard time, Achi Babi being a very strong
position to take.
Monday, 10th May, 1915.
Rumours that all horses will have to go back to Alexandria until we make good sufficient
ground for safe bivouacing of horses etc.
- 31 Tuesday, 11th May, 1915.
Received a Turkish prisoner on board. Received orders to proceed to Alexandria and
land horses for exercise. Great disappointment prevailing.
Wednesday, 12 May, 1915.
Left Kapa Tepe at 5 a.m. for Alexandria.
Thursday, 13th May, 1915.
Dummy cruiser conveying us. Proceeding to Alexandria.
Arrived Alexandria.
Sunday, 16th May, 1915.
Disembarked and took horses to Zarish Camp.
Monday, 16th to 22nd May 1915.
Arranging camp and exercising horses.
Saturday, 22nd May, 1915.
Visited S.M. Light in Alassia School.
return with him to Kapa Tepe.
Saw O/C on “Derifluger” and got permission to
Sunday, 23rd May, 1915.
Left Alexandria for Lemnos Island en route to Port Murdos.
Monday, 24th May, 1915.
Man fell overboard. Rescued after some difficulty.
Tuesday, 25th May, 1915.
Arrived Port Murdos.
Wednesday, 26th May, 1915.
Left Port Murdos for Kapa Tepe on “ Destroyers”. Arrived there at 6.30 p.m. Enemy
guns opened fire on us, killing 5 and wounding 40 of our Infantry. Effected a landing at
7.30 p.m.
- 32 Thursday, 27th May, 1915.
In the trenches. First news of the Turks big attack on our position earlier in the week.
Turk casualties 7,000 including 3,000 killed. Our casualties approx. 500
Enemy still very active but can make no impression on our position. Our boys holding
magnificently.
Friday, 28th May, 1915.
A quiet day. Some bombardments by enemy recommenced at sundown. A patrol from
our 9th Inft. Batt. went out under cover of darkness to reconnoitre, surprising an enemy
trench, killing 6 and capturing one prisoner.
A few casualties occurred today, mostly amongst the Infantry.
At 4.00 a.m. the enemy opened up with a terrific bombardment with heavy guns, causing
us some little inconvenience. A few casualties. Capt. Sidall, 4th Bty had his head
blown off this morning.
Sunday, 30th May 1915 to Tuesday, 1st June 1915.
Enemy very quiet in our section. A few light attacks. Enemy blew up trench and made
a strong attack against 4th Bde. trenches. Were repulsed with heavy loss.
Shifted Headquarters camp to a more central position.
Read letters from home. Had a swim in the sea. First decent wash for 5 days.
Wednesday, 3rd June, 1915.
Working hard getting dugout fixed up. King’s Birthday. All issued a rum to celebrate
same.
A regrettable incident occurred this evening, a premature firing from Major Burgess’
guns killed 3 and wounded 11.
Great doings through the night. Many ruses were executed to draw enemy’s fire.
Several were quite successful. The Turks gave vent to their feelings by firing wildly
and madly.
Friday, 4th June, 1915.
A quiet day. Expect things to be moving some time this evening.
Have met many old chums during the last few days. Have quite a mansion of a dug out.
- 33 Saturday, 5th June, 1915.
A big attack on the enemy’s trenches on the left Flank. Captured a trench and gained
much valuable information. Casualties very slight.
Sunday, 6th June, 1915.
Another quiet day. Enemy shelling brisk. A few casualties on the track.
Monday, 7th June, 1915.
Another quiet day.
Tuesday, 8th June, 1915.
The usual early morning and late evening shelling by the enemy. Little damage done.
An occasional man killed or wounded.
Wednesday, 9th June, 1915.
Sortie made on Quinn’s Post.
Thursday, 10th June, 1915.
Quite successful. Losses slight.
Hot day, flies bad, water scarce, biscuits hard and no letters. Shells dropping
uncomfortably close to our little home in the earth. Witnessed a most glorious sunset this
evening.
Friday, 11th June, 1915.
Awoke some hours before sunrise to the sound of a terrific bombardment of gun and rifle
fire. The Turks were holding a usual rowdy concert.
Saturday, 12th June, 1915.
The flies are very busy this morning. They woke me hours before I wanted to.
The Turkish shells are more lively than usual, getting a few home on the trenches.
Caught our observing station. Killed 2 men - one a Sgt. of Engineers. Wounded 1
Indian.
Quite like old times. At daylight the boats came over from Embros Island and opened
out with broadsides onto the enemy’s trenches. Some hundreds of rounds were poured
into them. Outward mail day. Busy censoring letters. Getting mail ready. Received
our inward mail but it was disappointing, only a few papers, etc. No mail received for
three weeks.
- 34 Monday, 14th June, 1915 to Saturday, 26th June, 1915.
Nothing of a startling nature occurring. Beach being shelled daily resulting in usual
percentage of casualties.
The only point of note during this period is the arrival of several barrels of wine washed
ashore from the sunken “Triumph“. It was very soon confiscated but not before our lads
had a taste. I had one myself, it was not bad!
The Turks have been very quiet during these last few days, being content to work day
and night making earthworks and trenches for their defences.
The 5th (City of Glasgow) Howitzer Battery arrived at Anzac and are in position opposite
our Headquarter’s dugout. During the day they fired several series to register targets.
Monday, 28th June, 1915.
A big day. During the morning orders came through that 8th Corps (South) were
making an attack and we were to harass the enemy on our front and so prevent them from
taking reinforcements to Achi Baba. At 11.00 a.m. (1100) we started out a few
companies of Infantry and a few Squadrons of Lighthorse. The air was full of wild
noises and flying shells. Our Force was withdrawn at dusk.
Casualties about 300 for the afternoon. The 8th Corps was successful at Helles. They
gained all the trenches they set out to take. During the evening another demonstration
took place so as to amuse the Turks and preventing them from drawing troops from our
front for a counter attack.
Turks blew up two Saps during the evening. Little damage was done. One man only
being injured.
Tuesday, 29th June, 1915.
Rather a quiet day. Very few shots fired.
Still shelling trenches at intervals.
Weather getting warm and water scarce.
Wednesday, 30th June, 1915.
Nothing of note happening other than the usual shelling by the enemy on shipping and
beach.
- 35 Thursday, 1st July to Wednesday, 9th July, 1915.
Enemy very active with their shell fire.
killed and 2 wounded.
Our7th Bty. being severely handled, having 2
The Lowland Howitzer Battery doing good work on enemy’s earth works
An amusing incident - the above Howitzer firing round failed to clear the crest, struck
into Infantryman dugout. Dugout completely demolished. Owner escaped with a scare
and was very indignant about the destruction of his home and straight away rushed into
the I.M.A. Pit and in a very abusive tone asked the Officer -in -Charge what the ---------did they mean by knocking down his home which took him 3 days to do and they could
------b---- have to go and dig him another one. He did not realise that he had a narrow
escape with his own life, his only trouble was the destruction of his “home”.
Evening ruses are the order of the day. All kinds of firing noises are made to endeavour
to get the enemy to open fire and thus waste their ammunition which we know they are
short of.
We have heard that gas bombs are likely to be used by the Turks and so have been issued
with respirators and we are quite prepared when that interesting time does come.
Have not heard of Harry for some time, am getting a little anxious.
10th July, 1915 to 12th July 1915.
Nothing startling. Still plugging along and awaiting big crunch to come off in the near
future.
12th July, 1915.
Woke to the sounds of booming guns. The 8th Corps at Helles are making another
attack. We are to co-operate by engaging the enemy on our Front. Our guns busily
engaged. Have since heard that 8th Corps quite successful in their venture. Turks badly
driven back.
13th July, 1915.
A “calm after the storm”. Was informed by Div. Artillery Commander that I have been
recommended for a Commission. Am lucky if I get it.
14th July, 1915 to 15th July, 1915.
The usual morning and evening shelling of enemy. Not much damage done.
- 36 July, 16th 1915.
Laid low with influenza.
July, 17th 1915.
Same as above.
July 18th, 1915.
Same as above.
Severe casualties occurred in our 8th Bty. 2 killed, one wounded. The fortitude and
endurance displayed by the two men before they died was wonderful. One man had his
arm and leg taken off. His first concern was for his comrades. He knew that he was
dying and said “never mind me I am done, see that the others are alright”.
July 19, 1915.
Still very foggy. 9th Battery had one casualty. Enemy paid dear for it. Burgess
opened with rapid fire on enemy guns which were completely silenced, guns knocked out
of action and gave stretcher bearers a busy time.
Received word today (19th) that Harry was wounded on July 4th and was now in hospital
at Lemnos Island.
July 20th ,1915.
Inspected new trenches on Tasmanian Post. Work done simply wonderful.
63rd Brigade 5th Howitzer (Col. Hope-Johnstone) arrived.
July 21st, 1915.
Enemy Artillery very active. Entrenching very hard in our front.
July 22nd to 30th July, 1915.
Nothing startling to chronicle during this period. Everything very quiet on both flanks.
All hard at trenching new firing line.
- 37 31st July, 1915.
A memorable day. Received word of my Commission and promotion to rank of 2nd
Lieutenant. Congratulated by General and Col. Rosey. Had quite an exciting evening.
The Turks had trenched forward to a position almost commanding the trenches of our
Tasmania Post.
At moonrise our 11th Batt. (W.Aus) blew up enemy trenches with mines and then
stormed and captured the trenches which were rapidly reconstructed for our own defence.
The casualties of the Turks were heavy. Our own: 20 killed - 70 wounded. The enemy
shell fire on captured trenches caused nearly all our casualties.
The bombardment was something terrific. The whole of the Artillery work fell on our
Brigade and the Scotch (Lowland ) Howitzer Brigade.
Turks must be rather demoralised. No attempt to counter-attack was made by the
enemy. The whole enterprise was quite successful and means quite a lot to us. Capt.
Gee, 9th Bty. was wounded also Brigadier Higgins, 9th severely wounded.
1st August, 1915.
Great preparation in progress for landing new force. A big movement possible which we
hope will clear up the situation here.
2nd August, 1915.
Appointed Orderly Officer and Acting Adjutant 3rd F.A. Brigade.
3rd August, 1915.
A very warm day. Not very well. A big pain in the “bingy”.
4th August, 1915.
Commenced bombardment of enemy trenches.
5th August, 1915.
Bombardment continued. Enemy trenches raked and demolished with Howitzer high
explosives
- 38 6th August, 1915.
Bombardment still in progress. Our Infantry attacked and captured Lone Pine trenches.
Our losses fairly heavy. Bombs and machine guns was the cause of all the trouble.
Portion of Ks Army - the 13th and 16th Divs. landed at Suvla Bay. Landing successful.
Subsequent movements very shaky. They suffered very heavy losses during first 3 days.
Had the misfortune to be sent away to hospital at Mudros. A few days rest and decent
food soon fixed me up. Returned to Anzac on 19th August.
18th August, 1915.
Back to duty, Still feeling a bit shaky.
19th August to 22nd August, 1915.
Everything very quiet.
23rd August, 1915.
Had a narrow escape today. A high explosive fell quite close to our H.Q. Buried 2
Infantry and wrecked the cover of our H.Q. dugout.
26th August, 1915.
Col. Rosenthal sent to hospital. Heard later that he had a severe attack of Enteritis.
Major Hughes took over temporary command of Brigade. Enemy very quiet, but busy
digging.
27th August, 1915.
Major Bessell Brown took over temporary command of Brigade, vice Major Hughes to
9th Bde. Enemy again very quiet.
1st September to 19th September, 1915.
Decided change in weather.
Sickness increasing.
Enemy very quiet.
19th September, 1915.
During the evening enemy’s “Olive Grove” guns fired over 100 shells at Burgess’ gun.
Only one entered pit. Gnrs. McGregor and Wood wounded in arms. Gnr. McGregor
bad compound fracture.
- 39 20th September, 1915.
Excitement at “Lone Pine”. Our Miners broke into the enemy’s sap. Entrance
blocked with sand bags and sentry placed on same. Sentry left post and Turks broke
through. Officer- in - Charge of post went to see what was the matter and was shot.
Sapper Kiddle constructed a portable mine - an ammunition box on wheels made of jam
tins in which was placed a charge of ammunition cotton. Then with lengths of water
pipe screwed together with electric lead connected to charge - was pushed down the sap
and ignited by electric battery. Result: sap, together with Turks, blown up and we
regained possession of sap.
22nd September, 1915.
A wonderful daring act on part of the enemy discovered today. Out in front of our
trench what appeared to be a sack was seen lying on the ground. At this particular time
all our periscopes and periscope rifles were being broken. While a sharp lookout was
being kept to locate the sniper, the bag was seen to move and on closer examination the
forms of 2 men were discovered lying in the bag 50 yards away from our trenches.
Rifles were at once brought to bear on the bags and their contents. No further trouble
has since been experienced from this quarter.
23rd September, 1915.
Enemy shelling our trenches very heavily. All our guns retaliating.
Bty. observing stations blown down. Fortunately no-one hurt.
Bde. H.Q. and 9th
A decided change in the weather noticeable. Atmosphere quite wintry.
17th Siege Battery opened fire for the first time on Johnston’s Jolly. Preparations for
another attack being made on the left. Went for a walk with Lt. Pybus out on the left
Flank. Was greatly surprised to see advance made. Country beautiful and open. Quite
a change from our own position. Inspected Chunuk Bair position, also the Apex.
A big demonstration took place along the line last night. The bombardment continued
for 20 minutes and was quite inspiring while it lasted.
25th September to 12th October, 1915.
Things generally very quiet during the period. Only routine work being carried out
accompanied by desultory shell and rifle firing.
- 40 13th October, 1915.
Another quiet day. General Walker hit in thigh by enemy sniper. One of our sea planes
had to descend on land owing to engine trouble. Turks shelled and broke up the machine
after landing.
Weather beginning to get decidedly cool. Enemy very quiet.
14th October, 1915.
Great jubilation prevails amongst the lads. A canteen (dry goods only) has been
established on one of the adjacent islands for the use of the troops here. A chance of
decent food looms up very largely.
Received word from Detail Camp, Alexandria, that my horse “Patch” died on 28th
September. My best friend gone.
15th October to 14th November, 1915.
A very quiet and peaceful month. Weather gradually getting cooler and sickness
diminishing in consequence.
15th November, 1915.
All hands busy getting Christmas mail away.
Terrific thunder storms.
Part 3rd and 4th Bde. to Rest Camp.
Most violent storm last night. Heavy sea, beach swept clear of all stores, fittings washed
away. Tug conveying Christmas mail to ship sunk and all mail lost. “Loves labor Lost”.
18th November, 1915. To 22nd November, 1915.
Busy writing letters to replace those lost by sinking of tug.
Enemy’s Olive Grove guns particularly active on beach. Our guns unable to silence
them. Enemy’s trench mortars and bombs causing a lot of annoyance to our troops in the
trenches.
Busy preparing winter quarters.
- 41 22nd November, 1915.
Very quiet. Another big disappointment. Word received that all our Australian mail
inwards was lost on the sinking of the “Orange Prince” through being torpedoed by a
submarine when only a few hours out from Alex.
Weather getting bitterly cold.
23rd November, 1915.
Enemy shelling beach persistently. A “Peace” stunt on in progress. Enemy have the
idea that we are preparing to evacuate. No firing of any sort to be carried out.
Enemy very active. Patrols crawling up to our trenches to see if they are still occupied.
They never return to their own trenches.
An attack made on Chathams’ Post during the night. Easily repulsed. 30 dead left in
front of our trenches.
A terrific thunderstorm and heavy seas. Turks expected to attack tonight.
Weather very stormy and bitterly cold. Every indication of an attack being launched by
enemy tonight.
A heavy snow storm. Temperature very icy. Enemy did not attack as was expected last
night. Mud knee deep everywhere. Am almost frozen.
Weather again mild.
30th November to 8th December, 1915.
Exceedingly quiet.
Promoted Lieutenant - dated 8.12.15. List of Promotion No 15 8.12.15.
- 42 9th December, 1915.
Enemy’s Olive Grove guns active again.
10th December, 1915.
A combined bombardment. 5 Navy ships, “Baccable”, Grogtin, Earl of Petersburg,
Minatuar and all our 3rd Bde. Guns -6” Howitzers, 5” Howitzers and heavy Battery on
Olive Grove guns. Bombardment lasted ¾ hours. A magnificent sight. Enemy’s
guns opened fire on completion of bombardment.
All excited, a strange move ordered. A section from each Bty. complete order to embark.
2 hours notice. Wonder why?
A peculiar feeling prevails. Rumors are afloat that we are to withdraw from Anzac.
Further instructions issued for us to embark guns etc.
Definite orders received to embark 2 guns and 100 men. These were withdrawn from
positions after dark and embarked during night.
Orders issued for the evacuation of Anzac. The whole force was to be withdrawn during
the following 6 nights. Another party consisting of guns and men from our Brigade were
sent off during the night.
All hands busy returning ammunition and stores to beach.
night.
Another party left during the
Detailed preparations now being made for removal of as many guns as possible.
day.
A busy
Everybody in a fever of excitement. The object of the withdrawal not yet divulged.
Infantry lines being thinned.
Destroying wagons. Burying ammunition and stores.
Completion of burying of ammunition etc. remainder of Bde, less the guns (18th and
19th Btys) and observing details embarked.
The remainder of the Force was withdrawn without casualties. The guns left to cover
last parties were blown up as soon as Infantry were clear of firing line.
The arrangements made for withdrawal were perfect. Not a hitch occurring throughout .
All tracks from firing line to beach were clearly marked to enable the Infantry to retire
safely on the last night. The enemy was not aware that we had gone until some 24 hours
after the last party got away.
A large quantity of store, tents, ammunition and wagons had to be left behind. The
success of the movement depended on keeping the enemy ignorant of our intentions and
this was only possible by leaving everything appear as if nothing unusual was happening
. The enemy’s aeroplanes were very active throughout the operation and were kept off
by our own planes.
A large quantity of stores were burnt by accident on the beach and a large quantity of
ammunition had to be dumped into the sea. All ammunition and explosives were buried
before leaving.
The Imperial Divisions at Suvla Bay were withdrawn at the same time as our Divisions at
Anzac. The whole Force concentrated at Murdos and were eventually shipped to Egypt.
It was estimated that some 30,000 casualties would result from the withdrawal and some
20 hospital ships were lying at Murdos awaiting to be filled. Fortunately, none of them
were required.
We arrived at Murdos on the morning of 19th December and were transferred to the
H.M.T.Campenello. On 21st December we were again transferred to the “Horatio”
which left Murdos en route for Alexandria at 7.30 a.m. on 24th December 1915 with
3,000 troops, (1st Div. Artillery and New Zealanders) on board.
Christmas Day.
Christmas Day was spent at sea. A very quiet day and to make things less cheerful one
of our lads died during the night and was buried at sea on Christmas afternoon.
Arrived Alexandria 10.00 a.m. Went alongside wharf but did not disembark until the
following day.
Left at 7.30 p.m. by train for Tel-el-Kibir Camp at which place we arrived at 4 a.m. on
Bde. details from Cairo arrived during the night. Camp pitched during the day.
Pitching and squaring camp.
During the next few days I lost count of the dates being so busy fixing Bde. up in camp.
1st January, 1916.
A very quiet New Year. Working hard.
2nd January, 1916.
Same.
3rd January, 1916.
Col. Rosenthal arrived back from England.
Our Christmas mail just arriving.
6th January, 1916.
Two days leave in Cairo getting kit etc. Following days general camp routine work.
Our camping ground is on the old battle fields of Tel -el- Kibir. And is a very interesting
place in so much that all the old entrenchment and earth works remain quite intact.
Otherwise it is a very dull place but an excellent training ground.
We are to remain here to refit and are then booked for service on the Canal. A big action
is expected there in the near future.
22nd January, 1916.
Went down to Alexandria to see Bert Brown.
- 45 23rd January, 1916.
Spent the day with Bert sight-seeing around Alex. Had lunch and dinner together. A
very pleasant day.
24th January, 1916.
Spent the afternoon shopping for curios to send home and left by 4 p.m. train for camp.
25th January, 1916.
General routine work in camp.
26th January, 1916.
Brigade training.
27th January, 1916.
Took over duties of Orderly Officer, Capt. W.A. Martin being appointed Adjutant.
28th January, 1916.
Major Burgess awarded D.S.O., Capt. W.A. Martin M.C.
2nd February, 1916.
Hard at work training staff.
3rd February, 1916 to 15th February, 1916.
Nothing of great importance occurring this period.
16th February, 1916.
Spent day in Desert with H.Q. Staff.
Send off to Major Martin who is appointed A.D.M.S. 4th Div. A wild night.
-
46 –
th
17 February, 1916.
Definite arrangements being made to form new Arty. Div. Col. Rosenthal to command
the 9th and Col. Christian to command the 5th Div. Three Divisions to be formed, two
in Egypt and one in Australia.
Was informed by Col. Rosenthal that I was being recommended for appointment as Staff
Capt. Great excitement prevailing amongst the Officers, some big promotions
anticipated.
A busy day fixing up arrangements for transfer of personnel to form nucleus of 4th Div.
A busy morning at the Dentist.
During the afternoon.
Prosecution at Court martial of Gnr. Brockineer, 8th Bty.
Arranging to draw equipment for 12th Brigade. Appointed (Prov) Staff Capt. R.A.
Attended concert given by members of 3rd Infantry Bde. In Y.M.C.A. hut during the
evening. Lord
and General Hobb present.
Laying out camp for 12th Brigade. Arranging engineering details for same. General
routine work. Sent parcel to Harry. Wrote to Bertie.
21st February,1916.
Spent the afternoon at R.E. Depot arranging for buildings etc. for new Division. Was
occupied during the afternoon drafting standing orders and syllabus of training for 4th
Division. Was fixed up with “prad”.
Had a few runs at tentpegging with Hydrabad Lancers.
during the evening.
Wrote letter to The Mater
22nd February, 1916.
A busy afternoon at R.E. yard. Paid a visit to the Ord. Depot, Div. H.Q. and the dentist.
Had a few runs at tentpegging during the evening. Loaned Major Hughes 5 pounds.
- 47 23rd February, 1916.
Arranging building materials from R.E. Depot. New division formally taken over by
Gen. Cox, Divisional Commander. Gen. Cox made a detailed inspection of 12th Bde.
and all officers.
Drawing camp equipment during the afternoon.
A busy day drawing equipment etc.
Morning in the office. Drawing equipment during the afternoon.
26th March, 1916.
Organising new Brigades.
Attended a reunion Dinner given by members of permanent staff of 8th Infty. Bde. Had
a most enjoyable evening. Met quite a lot of R.A.A. and Infty. Staff comrades.
Arrived home safely and sober at 12.15 a.m.
A quiet forenoon. Letter writing.
Completing arrangements for Court Martial of Capt. Parry-Okeden of 1st O.A.PK. during
afternoon.
A busy forenoon at R.E. Yard. Spent the afternoon in the office.
Arranging court Martial for trial of Capt. Parry-Okeden. General office routine.
Informed C.O. that the present organisation of Div. is likely to be slightly altered and
distorted.
1st March, 1916.
Ordnance Depot drawing stores. General office work and drawing pay during the
afternoon.
- 48 2nd March, 1916.
Paid a visit to Cairo to check Impost A/c with Staff Paymaster and to purchase stationary.
3rd March, 1916.
Organisation of 4th Div. broken up. Word received today to transfer the 12th Bde. back
to 1st Division. Only 197 officers and men left to form new Div. Busy all day
arranging details for transfer of 12th Bde.
4th March, 1916.
Laying out new camp site.
Arranging details for shifting camp.
Left camp for Port Said at 12 noon. Arrived Port Said at 4.30 a.m. Was met by M.
Zorb. Arranged room at Eastern Exchange Hotel.
Afternoon tea and dinner with M. Zorb. Spent an enjoyable evening at Casino Palace
Hotel. Had several enjoyable dances. Returned to Hotel at 12 midnight.
5th March, 1916.
Made several small purchases. Met M. Zorb, M. Mitrel and M. Yailloon at Hotel.
lunch with M. Zorb. Spent afternoon with family. Went for walk along the
breakwater with Mde. Yailloon and Mde. Zorb.
Returned to Hotel and caught train leaving Port Said for camp at 6.30 p.m. Arrived
camp 10.00 p.m. A most enjoyable 2 days furlough.
Had
6th March, 1916.
A busy morning at Ordnance Depot.
A quiet afternoon awaiting definite arrangements being made for a new camping ground.
Received word that our Division is to go down on to the Canal and relieve 2nd Div. who
are leaving for England. The move is not at all relished by our men. The Canal Zone
being a dreary and dismal hole to put in the summer.
7th March, 1916.
Laying out new camp site for Div. Arranging engineering and sanitary details. A very
busy day.
- 49 8th March, 1916.
Shifting camp. Drawing camp equipment from Ordnance Depot.
9th March, 1916.
Left camp for Cairo 7.15 a.m. A busy day in Cairo. Managed to obtain a typewriter from
Stationary Department after a deal of bother. Had lunch with Mr. Waite at Hotel
National.
10th March, 1916.
Selecting site for Div. H.Q. Arranging sanitary details. Drawing equipment from
Ordnance Depot.
Received two letters from home. First for several weeks.
11th March, 1916.
General routine work all day.
12th March, 1916.
Office work. Letter writing.
13th March, 1916.
Ordnance Depot re equipment. Taking over our allotted reinforcement from Infantry.
14th March, 1916.
Day in Cairo. A busy day. Had lunch at Sheppard’s with Capt. (Dr) Sterins. Went to
Giza with Lt. Aspinal.
15th March, 1916.
Arranging camp details. Drawing pay for H.Q.
16th March, 1916.
Drawing camp equipment. Taking over and allotting reinforcements from Infantry. A
busy night in office.
Remitted 12 pounds home to Bertha.
-
50 –
17th March, 1916.
General routine work.
18th March, 1916.
Drawing camp equipment. Taking over and allotting reinforcements from Infantry. A
fine lot of lads and should make good gunners. Major Waite went on leave. Am
Acting Bde Adj.
A large number of N.C.O’s from Lighthorse Bde. Applying for commissions in our
Infantry. Arranging equipment at Ordnance Depot. Taking over and allotting
reinforcements from Infantry. Saw Ken and Mat. O’Donnell.
19th March, 1916.
Received information that Dvr. McFarlane, Major Waite’s batman was found dead on
railway line 4 miles this side of Zagazig.
Made arrangements for burial. Sent Lt. White with firing party to Zagazig by 3.5 p.m.
train. Arranged with medical officer, Govt. hospital to complete arrangements for burial
in British Cemetery at Zagazig.
Received instructions to take over equipment from 1st I.H. Brigade who are moving out
for ------- on Monday evening. Detailed O/C 10th I.H. Brigade to take over the
equipment.
Completed arrangements for our officers to attend the gunnery practice of 2nd and 3rd I.H.
Brigades.
Major Waite returned from leave. Col. Rosenthal left for Cairo by 1115 train. Major
Waite has been appointed Brigade Commander 24th (How.) Bde. I am to take over the
duties of Brigade Major pending another appointment being made.
The 2nd Division have just left Egypt presumably for France. The 1st Division are to get
away this week. Unfortunately, we are to remain here for training.
20th March, 1916.
A busy morning. Saw Ken for a few minutes. Wasted the afternoon waiting for an
inspection by D.A.M.G. – was postponed.
Received word of my promotion to rank of Capt. (Temp) dated 12/3/16. Notified in list
of promotions No.40. Wrote to Bertie.
- 51 21.3. 1916.
1st Division Arty. Commenced gunnery practice. 1st Brigade moved out of camp for
France.
22.3.1916.
2 I.H. Brigade entrain.
24.3.16.
3 I.H. Brigade entrain. We take over 1st D.A. Area.
25. 3.16.
A busy day taking over equipment and shifting camp etc.
26.3.16.
Squaring up camp.
27.3.16.
Major W.C.A. Waite promoted to Lt Col and to command 24th How. Brigade. Myself
taking over the duties of Brigade Major as well as Staff Capt.
28.3.16.
Received large reinforcements from Light Horse Regts.
29.3.16.
Received horses (125 draft, 25 rider) from Remount Depot. Very hot day. Not feeling
too grand.
30.3.16.
Received word of move to Serapeum.
31.3.16.
Received reinforcements from Light Horse. Making arrangements to shift camp.
- 52 1.4.16.
Completing march arrangements. Inspection of camp by Gen. Delavoe and
Bge. Gen. Skellhein.
2.4.16.
Headquarters moved to Serapeum. On arrival found that the site had again been altered.
Stayed night at D.H.Q.
3.4.16.
Inspected camp site and made arrangements for marking out.
4.4.16.
Laying out camp. 10th and 11th Bde. with equipment marched into camp.
5.4.16.
Balance of division marched into camp. Inspected by Gen. Godley.
6.4.16.
Squaring up camp and attending to office routine. Had lunch with BrigGen. Clayton
Commanding N.Z. 12 Bde.
7.4.16.
Saw Capt. Elliott re mess kits etc. for camp. A.P.M. re Regimental Police duties and
D.O.O.O.S re equipment. Visited camp and straightened out matters. Col. Rosenthal
promoted Brig. General.
Our H.Q. camp is situated on the bank of Canal (Suez) amongst a lovely plantation of
trees. An ideal spot for a camp. Good swimming and fishing. Brigade camp about 1½
miles away. Gen. Rosenthal left for Cairo by train.
8th April, 1916 to 13th April, 1916 .
A busy time settling troops down in camp.
14th April, 1916.
Left for Cairo 9.a.m. Visited A.A.G’s Office. Corrected proofs etc. and left for Port
Said 6.15 p.m. Spent weekend in Port Said. An enjoyable time.
- 53 16th April, 1916.
Left for Camp 12 noon.
Arrived back to find correspondence piled up awaiting action.
17th April, 1916.
A busy day at camp and in office. Received 235 reinforcements.
18th April, 1916.
Another busy day. Will be glad when a Brigade Major is appointed to take over some of
the duties. Work at present is strenuous.
19th April, 1916.
Weather getting warm. Inspection by Gen. Sir Archibald Murray G.O.C. Egyptian
Expd. Force.
General Rosenthal left for Alexandria.
20th April, 1916.
A busy day in camp. An officer, Capt. Patterson, 42 Lowland Div. arrived for duty with
Div.
21st April, 1916.
Gen. Rosenthal returned.
22nd April, 1916.
Usual routine.
23rd April, 1916 Ditto. Feeling a bit off colour.
24th April, 1916.
Accompanied Gen. Rosenthal to “Front Line” of defence on an extended reconnaissance
of artillery position. Left Brigade here at 5 a.m. by car, picked up horses at railhead. A
long hot and dusty day.
Saw the result of Khonouseens trenches. All trenches completely filled in with sand.
Heartbreaking for Infantry. Remarkable result of wind on sand dunes.
Lunch with Col. Arnott, 4th L.H. Reg. Met Major Scott, the officer who conducted the
successful raid on Turkish post at Fort Jaffa. Received news of Turk attack at Kaitia.
- 54 25th April, 1916.
ANZAC DAY. Celebrated by aquatic sports on Canal. Saw H.R.H. Prince of Wales.
Not much impressed with his appearance. Very boyish, notwithstanding he is 23 years
old.
Went to dinner at Officers’ Mess, 24th Howitzer Bde.
Attended concert.
26th April, 1916.
Inspected by G.O.C. 2nd Anzac, Gen. Godley. Dined at Officers’ mess 10th F.A. Bde.
The hottest day experienced in Egypt by our troops.
27th April, 1916.
An inspection by M.G.R.A. Gen. Smith. A fine fellow and a real gunner.
Feeling a bit off colour. Heat affecting me somewhat. No letter from home for over 2
months.
28th April, 1916 to 10 May, 1916.
Too tired to write.
11th May, 1916.
Received letter from home. Weather beginning to warm up. Commenced shell practice.
The formation of Div. now nearly complete.
15th May, 1916 to 19th May, 1916.
Capt. De Low appointed Acting Brigade Major.
equipment of Division.
Having a busy time completing the
23rd May, 1916.
Spent day in Alexandria with Bert Brown.
24th May, 1916.
Left Serapeum for Alexandria enroute to France with staff from D.H.Q.
25th May, 1916.
Left Alexandria by H.M.T. “Tunisian”.
- 55 3rd June, 1916.
Arrived Marseilles. A very bright place. Left by train for Paris at 2.30 p.m. Stayed a
few hours at Lyons. Travelled up through the beautiful Rhone Valley. A lovely sight.
4th June, 1916.
Arrived Paris 6 a.m. Spent the day in sight seeing. Visited Notre Dame Church. Paris
is a delightful place. People treated us royally. Left Paris 7.30. p.m. for Hazebrouck.
5th June, 1916.
Arrived Bolougne 8 a.m. Proceeded to Calais. Arrived Hazebrouck 2 p.m. and went
into billets.
6th June, 1916.
Spent the day in Hazebrouck. Had a particularly good time.
re new billeting area for Div.
Obtained all information
7th June, 1916.
Left per motor for Merris. Selected position for D.H.Q.
8th June, 1916.
Was allotted interpreters and proceeded to Caestre area and arranged billets for Div.
Arty.
9th June, 1916.
Left for Heure 5 p.m. via Abbeville.
10th June, 1916.
Arrived Heure 10 a.m. Met the General and Capt. Richards. Fixed up matters in
connection with drawing equipment for Brigades.
Left Heure 5.pm. enroute to Merris for Paris. Arrived Paris 8.30 p.m. Spent a very
pleasant evening in Paris. Met some nice people.
11th June, 1916.
Left Paris en route to Merris at 9.30 p.m. arrived Hazebrouck 10.00 a.m. Arrived at
Merris by motor 10.50 p.m.
- 56 12th June, 1916 and succeeding days.
Proceeded with billeting at Caestre. All billets arranged and everything in readiness for
troops to arrive.
First train load arrived 11th F.A. Bde. Brigades arrived each day until all completed.
Received orders to proceed to take over Front Lines from 1st and 2nd Aust. Div.
Completed taking over on night of --------- .
Held line until arrival of 5th Div. Handed over to 5th Div. on Armentiers (Sailly-surlys- Front). 4th Div. less Artillery proceeded with 1st Anzac to the Somme.
19th July, 1916.
Co-operated with 5th Div. Artillery in battle of Fromelles. Casualties approx. 5,000
amongst Infantry.
Our Artillery casualties:
1 Officer -Capt. G. Thompson - killed.
3 Officers wounded.
15 O.R. killed and wounded.
23rd July, 1916.
Withdrew to reserve and billeted in Croix du Bac area.
One Brigade went over to 5th Division.
One brigade went over to the N.Z. Division.
1st August, 1916.
Received order to proceed to St. Omer training area for mobile transport.
2nd August, 1916.
Arrived at area. H.Q. located at Lumbres. All Units busy training during succeeding
days. Working through standing corn was quite a unique proceeding.
11th August, 1916.
Granted 7 days leave to proceed to England. Left by car 8.30 a.m. for Boulonge.
12th August, 1916.
Left Boulogne 10.15 p.m. for Folkstone and London. Arrived London 5.pm. Put up at
Regent Palace Hotel. Went out to Windsor and saw Gert. Spent the afternoon and
evening with her.
- 57 13th August, 1916.
Went for a walk through Hyde Park with friends. Had lunch. Met Gert after lunch.
Went out to Wandsworth Hospital . Saw Sgt. O’Rourke. Had dinner at Palace Hotel
with Gert.
14th August, 1916.
Spent the remaining days of leave looking around London.
record here. Had a most pleasant time.
Impressions too great to
Met quite a lot of old friends including Lt Col. Spencer, Capt. Doolan and Lt. Turner of
Tasmania.
19th August, 1916.
Left London to return to France 12.30 p.m. from Charing Cross Station. Met the
General on the station who was also returning to France. Had a pleasant trip across.
Arrived Boulogne 6 a.m. Motored through to our H.Q. arriving home at 7 p.m.
20th August, 1916.
Division under orders to proceed to Front lines and relieve the Canadian Corps in the
Ypres Sector.
21st August, 1916.
Busy making necessary arrangements for move.
22nd August, 1916.
Proceeded to Calais to arrange about stores etc.
23rd August, 1916.
Completing arrangements for transfer of Division to Ypres Sector.
Our stay at Lumbres has been most delightful. We have been living in a fine old
Chateau owned by one of the Counts of France. The Chateau is a beautiful home
handed over to the British Government as a Billet for H.Q. of troops billeted in this area.
- 59 24th August , 1916.
1st Inf. Light and D.A.P. move off to Wallon Cappel enroute to Ypres. Spent morning in
office. Went to St. Omer with the General after lunch, and on return stopped at
aerodrome. Had quite a pleasant time looking around the many hangers in which were
stored all kinds of machines. Saw machines in the course of construction and repair.
Machines rising for a flight and machines landing . Also witnessed the arrival of 5 big
fighting planes from England having flown over. All new machines from England are
flown over to France.
25th August, 1916.
Last of light move off for Ypres sector. Clearing up and moving out tonight. Have
written letters to Bertie. Left Lumbres at 8.30 p.m. arrived Caestre at 10 p.m. and stayed
the night with the Vallee’s.
26th August, 1916.
Arrived at Reningelst at 10 a.m. Busy all day taking over from 4th Canadian Div.
Capt. T.H. Macaray Staff Capt. 4th Canadian Div. Artillery rendering me every
assistance.
27th August, 1916.
Visited Group Headquarters and wagon lines. Batteries all in position. Enemy very
active.
28th August, 1916.
Completed taking over. Everybody settling down. Enemy action with trench mortars.
Casualties 1 killed - 8 wounded. This is much the warmest place we have been in yet.
29th August, 1916.
A busy day in the office. Several gas alarms during the night. Raining hard.
30th August, 1916.
Still raining. A very dreary day. Received letters from Bertie also Berties mum.
31st August, 1916.
Weather fine at present. We have in the Salient (Ypres) 4th British Division, 4th
Canadian Division and ourselves - the 4th Aust. Division. The 1st Aust. Division have
arrived and are taking over from 4th British Division. Have met many old friends.
- 59 1st September, 1916.
A busy day. 4th Canadian Div. H.Q. moved to Westhove. Saw Col. Burges and many of
the old 3rd Bde. who have just returned from the Somme. Received news of Lt. Hare’s
death, killed in action. 7th Bty had many casualties caused by bombs dropped from
hostile aircraft.
Weather just a little finer. Saw Col. Eliott of the 12th Inf Batt and Savage of 1st Div
Trans. Motored into Properinge during the morning.
Spent all forenoon in the office. Witnessed a great sight this morning. 20 big battle
planes in one ‘flock’ flying overhead. It was quite an inspiring sight. Ran down to
Caestre in the afternoon and had tea with the Vallee’s.
Another wet day. Firing lines very quite. A heavy bombardment going on down south.
4th September,1916 to 16th September, 1916.
Conditions normal. Usual daily straffing. 1st Anzac Corp arriving this sector from ----.
All Batteries busy wire cutting preparatory to raid being carried out by 4th Canadian Div.
during the night. Bombardments terrific.
Raids to take place at 1.15 a.m. at 3 points. All raids successfully carried out, 22
prisoners taken, much damage done to enemy works and valuable documents captured.
Work of Artillery excellent, wire cutting well carried out and barrages quite effective.
Called on Major Gen of old 9th Bty and saw many old friends. Inspected D.A.C.
Ammunition Dump. Met Capt. J. Ray in the afternoon. News of big advance down
south. The “tanks” (otherwise known as armoured motor cars) doing splendid work.
These cars are like warships. They carry 12 machine guns and one 12 pounder. Weigh
approximately 28 tons speed over any type of ground 3 M.per Hr. Their effect on the
Boche is tremendous.
- 60 20th September, 1916 to 30th September 1916.
It has been raining now for 4 days. The place is a sea of mud. Everything on the front
very quite.
Nothing unusual to report. Enemy exceedingly quiet on this front during this period.
All hands busy constructing winter quarters.
1st October, 1916 to 4th October, 1916.
Conditions normal.
5th October, 1916.
Brigade Major went on leave. Took over duties of the Bde Major, Lieut. A.C. Waite
taking over duties of Staff Captain.
6th October, 1916.
A heavy day. Enemy fairly active.
7th October, 1916.
8th October, 1916.
9th October, 1916.
10th October, 1916.
Carried out a heavy bombardment on enemy’s T.M. positions.
11th October, 1916.
(no entry)
12th October, 1916.
Made artillery arrangements for a raid to be carried out in the evening.
Accompany the General to Windmill O.P. to witness bombardment. Raid reported as
successful. Our losses 2 killed - several wounded.
13th October, 1916.
Normal conditions prevail.
- 61 14th October, 1916.
Spent the day visiting front lines.
15th October, 1916.
11th Bde. took over “Buff” Group. Col.Hughes commanding 12th Inf. Bde. carried out a
trench raid at (4.30 p.m.). Result a “dud” not one German being found in trenches.
Major Bates and Col. Waite returned from leave.
16th October, 1916.
Took over duties of Staff Captain again. Reconnoitered position in front line for K
“Camouflage” info with Camouflage experts. A long but interesting day.
17th October, 1916.
A quite day in the office. Word received that we are to proceed to the Somme.
1st, 2nd, 4th and 5th Aust. Divisions will operate together.
18th October, 1916.
Making necessary arrangements for withdrawal from Line. Weather very bad.
19th October, 1916.
Enemy very active. Weather very cold.
20th October, 1916.
Nothing doing.
21st October, 1916.
22nd October, 1916.
}
}
}
}
Nothing doing.
The
- 62 -
23rd October, 1916.
A very busy day. Enemy aeroplanes active. Accompanied the General to Pershea
Trench Mortar School and witnessed a demonstration carried out with a new Newton 6”
Trench Mortar. With slight improvements the mortar will be a very effective weapon
for trench warfare. The gun itself is very simple, simply a steel tube on the “stokes”
principle, attached to a bar with a ball and socket point. The bomb which is of the aerial
topeodo type, weighs about 90lbs. and is filled with a powerful explosive “Amenol”.
The bomb is inserted from the muzzle and contains the propelling detonator which is
detonated on the back nose of breech end of the gun. Accompanied General to dinner at
St. Elio Group H.Q. Enemy ‘sprang” 3 mines in the Bluff sector at 6 a.m. attempting to
occupy craters but were driven back by our guns and machine gun fire. The Garrison of
one of our craters buried. Slight casulties to our Infantry.
24th October, 1916.
4th Aust. Division less our Artillery moved out of line to concentration area prior to
proceeding to the Somme. 41st Division taking over from them. We remain behind to
cover the 41st Div. until their own artillery arrives. We then follow our Division.
Received letter from home.
25th October, 1916.
Weather cold and miserable. Fighting normal.
26th October, 1916.
A busy morning in the office. Lunched with Baron Col. Gourrdal officer Commanding
7th Belgian Artillery. Visited Mont des Cats sniping school with Lt. Wood Liaison
officer to Belgian Artillery. Excellent work being carried out in this school. Rifle
Batteries and Sniperscope shooting has been developed to a fine art. Camouflage
observing posts and sniping posts are wonderfully constructed with the view of deceiving
the enemy.
27th October, 1916.
Weather wet and miserable. Spent the morning inspecting wagon lines making things a
sea of mud. A busy afternoon in the office.
28th October, 1916.
A busy morning in the office. Enemy artillery and mines very active on front line and
P&O communication trench . Arranging company reliefs.
Visited wagon lines. All
wagon lines knee deep in mud. Weather beastly wet and cold. Wrote Christmas letters
till 12 midnight. Have just received word that all boats to and from England temporarily
stopped. Ports of Boulogne and Harve closed . Reason not known. Rumoured German
destroyer activity in channel.
- 63 29th October, 1916.
Busy morning in the office. Motored to Hazebrouck with A.D.A. Halford and R.A.
Signal Officer Ashe in the afternoon. Object of visit was to get a hair cut. All coiffures
closed. Hair still on. Called in at Vallees for afternoon tea.
30th October, 1916.
Another busy morning in the office. Went around front lines in the afternoon with
Brigade Major. Inspected new 9.45” trench mortar kit. Enemy artillery very active .
Just missed a 5.9” shell - fell a few feet from where we passed. Trenches awfully sloppy
- knee deep in mud. Arrived home 5 p.m. dog tired.
31st October, 1916.
Inspection of Deepeendall Sector with the General. A wet miserable day. Walked about
15 miles, arrived home 1 p.m. Spent rest of day in the office.
1st November, 1916.
Spent the whole day in the office. Went for a long walk and called on Baron Gourrdal
before dinner.
2nd November, 1916.
Went to Bailleul and arranged for pay with 2nd Anzac. Called into Vallee’s at Caestre
and had lunch. Spent rest of day in office. Entered up diary and wrote letters after
dinner.
3rd November, 1916.
Inspected wagon lines. Conferred with O/C D.A.C. on several matters of importance
during the morning. Afternoon in the office. One of our balloons broke loose this
afternoon. The observer coming down in a parachute. Balloon drifted over the North
Sea.
4th November, 1916.
Attended a lecture with Cols. Rakett and Hughes given by Sir John Kean at Berthen
Trench Mortar School. Had a demonstration of the 6” trench mortar. Quite a useful
instrument, constructed on the stokes principle and throws a bomb of the aerial torpedo
type weighing 90lbs. Some 500 to 600 yards. The mortar was designed and constructed
by Capt. Newton at our army workshop. Brought Sir John Kean home to lunch. Had
quite a big shell day during the afternoon.
- 64 The 1st occasion on which we fired our big 9.45” trench mortar under the covering fire
of the heavies and our own. The trial was not too successful, 8 rounds only was fired,
three of which fell 50 to 60 yards from the pit. 2 in our own trenches and the balance on
the Boche. Fault due to faulty ammunition. Staff Capt. 41st Div. Artillery arrived to
take over. We are to be ready to move out to the Somme on 13th November. Weather
rotten. Cold and wet. No letters received this week.
5th November, 1916.
Raining heavily, and very cold.
Conditions normal.
6th November, 1916.
Still wet and cold. Representatives from 41st Div. Artillery arrived from the Somme to
relieve us.
7th November, 1916.
Still raining. Inspected wagon lines, horses up to bellies in mud and slush.
8th November, 1916.
Terrific rain and wind.
Visited Corps H.Q. at Abbeele.
9th November, 1916.
Bright day but very cold. Enemy very quiet. Our trench mortars have been very active
and causing the Hun some slight annoyance. Visited Boeschepe. Went out to inspect
wagon lines. Car stuck in the mud and had to call on a farmer for loan of horse team to
haul car out .
A fine day. A run to Quinton Siding. Carried out a 2” trench mortar straffe along the
whole of the front line. Effect good - a considerable amount of damage to enemy’s front
line. Our casualties - one gunner killed. A premonition. Received Aust. Mail 4 letters.
Handing over sector of St. Olio, Diependall and Bluff to 41st British Div.
Withdrawal of brigades from line, preparatory to move south. Left for Caestre during
afternoon, enroute to Vaux Berquin. Spent night with Vallee’s.
- 65 13th November, 1916.
Proceeded to Vaux Berquin and arranged billets for first night march, returned to
Reningelst and completed handing over to Capt. Bullock Staff Capt. 41st Div. Artillery.
Div. moved out of billets for Neuf Berquin. Inspected by Army Commander Seecerto
Left Reningelst (Belgium) per motor car for Neuf Berquin with Nitupribi Diebolt.
Completed billeting arrangements and met Div. at 2 p.m. Left Neuf Berquin at 3 p.m.
for Lillers. Proceeded to St. Hileire, saw Marie and arranged for billets and returned to
Lillers and billited for night.
Proceeded to St. Hileire, Ecquedecques, Liettres, and Bourecq.
Completed billeting
parties and allocated billets. At 12 noon proceeded to Ames passing through Firliog
mining district . Lunched at Pernes then proceeded to inspect billets at La Thieuloye,
Monchy- Breton, Orlen Court en Comte passing through villages of Bours, Dieval,
Anlignent Chateau. Returned To Pernes. Arranged billets for self and Nitupribi.
Returned to D.A.H.Q. which was located at Ames. Dined with acting C.R.A. Col. King
and returned to Pernes.
Up at 7 am. proceeded to new billeting area for nights of 16/17th . Completed
arrangements. Picked up C.R.A. and brought him to D.A.H.Q. at Monchy Breton arranged lunch and proceeded to area for night of 17/18th. Passing through Baileul-aux Cornailles, Averdoingst, Maizieres, and Magnkourt-sur Canche. Arranged billets at
Estree-Wamin, Poziers, Brouilly, Rebreuviette, Rebreuve, Bouret-sur-Canche and then
on to Frevent for night . Billeted at Hotel de Amiens.
Picked up billeting parties and directed them to billets area returned to Doullens for
lunch. Saw troops with billets and then proceeded to Talmos & Villers Bocage.
Arranged with town mayors for billets for night 18/19th and proceeded to Amiens. Put
up at Hotel de la Boix.
Up at 7 a.m. and returned to Villers Bocage completed billets then returned to Amiens for
lunch. Proceeded to Talmos and Villers Bocage area for nights 19/20th passing through
Bonnay, Bussy, Daours.
- 66 Allocated billets in above villages, then proceeded to 1st Anzac H.Q. at Hielly for
instructions. Met Bde. Major Bates in B.G.R.A. office obtained information re
subsequent moves . Returned to Villers Bocage with Col. King and Bates. Called a
Conference of C.Os. re sending B.Cs forward to take over line . Remained night at
Villers Bocage.
Proceeded to Bonnay, thence to K. area. Completed billets and returned to Bonnay for
night. Completed Billets and returned to Amiens for lunch and then on to Daours
dropped interpreter and returned to Bonnay for night.
21st November, 1916.
Remained day in billets. Proceeded to K. Area and returned to billets.
22nd November, 1916.
Div. moved into K area. Col. Hughes and self proceeded to Pomiers Redoubt and
reported to C.R.A. Returned to K. Area.
23rd November, 1916.
Moved up into line and took over from 2nd Aust Div. Reporting at D.H.Q. and took
over duties from S.C. 2 Div A. Shortly after leaving “K” area which by the way is a
big Rest Camp, we entered the Battle Zone of the recent big “push” fighting on the
Somme evidence of which met us at every turn. In passing through the remains of the
villages of Fricourt and Mametz the ravages of modern warfare was most apparent. The
whole place was levelled by shell fire and cut up with trenches. From Fricourt to
Mametz, the desolation was even greater, the ground being torn up as if by a series of
earthquakes. The traffic on these roads was tremendous. Columns of vehicles miles
long slowly wending their way to the Front Area. It took us some 3 hours to proceed by
car some 8 miles so great was the traffic.
Area H.Q. was situated at Pomiers Redoubt which was the scene of one of the early
battles and consisted of a little knoll rising above the general lie of the ground. On this
knoll our H.Q. is situated.
From now on all records of days and dates are lost to memory so strenuous was the work
before. We had two Div. Artillerys working on a one Div. Front and as the wet weather
had set in further advance was impossible so every effort was made to consolidate our
position.
- 67 On an inspection of the ground from our H.Q. to the front line one is impressed with the
enormous task that our people had to undertake to clear the Boche. The fighting in
around Delville Wood, High Wood and Longueval and on the Flers was appalling over
the ground. You see tons of waste and broken equipment and hundreds of dead both
Boche and our own. Arms and legs lying about in all directions. Shell holes full of
dead bodies. Everywhere one met same most awful sight.
Standing out majestically just on the edge of Delville Wood is one of our monster tanks,
fully armed but unmoveable.
As one proceeds along towards the Front Line you get lost in the maze of huge shell
holes which cover the landscape for miles. The whole country side seems to be full of
guns of all calibres from 15” to 13 pr. So well hidden are they that you do not see them
until you are right on to them or you hear the fire.
During this period there was so many things of interest took place but time did not permit
me to record them. The whole of our time was taken consolidating, gell up and tallying
amtn and attending to daily straffe.
Left Pomier for Amiens enroute for England for 10 days after a chapter of accidents.
Caught train and arrived at Boulogne just to miss the boat. Stayed the night in Boulogne
and proceeded by boat the next day, arriving London at about 3 p.m. Stayed at the
Regent Palace Hotel. Went out and hunted up Gert. The weather beastly throughout.
Spent a pleasant time. Returned to France on 1.1.17. General Rosenthal wounded in
leg
(3rd time wounded).
3rd January, 1917.
Arrived back at Pomier much knocked up after journey. Started work. General and
Brigade Major away. Col. King and self carried on.
4th January, 1917 to 19th January 1917.
1st Aust. Div. Artillery moved out of line. 4th Aust Div. taking over complete control of
Divisional Sector. Major Bates left to attend Trench Artillery School at Amiens.
Attended a course on Ammunition Accounting at Corps Park lasting 10 days. Lt. Col.
Waite M.C. taking over duties of Bdge Major and Lieut. Traite the duties of Staff Capt.
Granted the Military Cross. New Years List of Honours, London - Gazette No - Col.
Hughes and Col. Burgess and 3rd Bde Officer and Major Marks received the D.S.O.
- 68 On the 25th January, 1917 4th Aust Div. Artillery again re-organised to 2 Artillery
Brigades of 3 18pr. Batterys ( 6 guns) and 1 6 gun How. Battery. DAC to 3
sections, A echelon of 1st 1 & 2 and B echelon --------. 24th F.A. Brigade split up to
complete 10th & 11th F.A. Brigades to six guns. 12th Brigade to arrive.
Lt Col. King C.O. 10 Bde.
Lt Col. Waite C.O. 11 Bde.
29th January, 1917.
Returned from Corps Park and took over duties of Brigade Major and Staff Capt.
30th January, 1917.
Major Bates returned to H.Q. from Trench Artillery School on 30/1/17.
1st February, 1917.
On night of 1/1 Inft. made a minor attack on enemy trenches. Attack failed owing to
enemy will and defences. Our casualties 1 Officer killed and 40 O.R.
Wounded 5 Officers and 120 O.R.
4th February, 1917.
On night of 4/5th our 14th Battalion captured trenches lost on night 1/2nd.
and consolidated. Casualties slight Prisoners 28.
9th February, 1917.
Major Bates went on leave. Major Williams left for school in England.
10th FA Bde relieved by 6th FA (Army) Bde.
Trench held
General Rosenthal took over command of 4th Aust. Div.
Bde. Major and Staff Capt. Having rather a thin time.
Am carrying out duties of
Received information that enemy intends bombing our ammunition dump.
- 69 15th February, 1917.
Early in the morning ammunition dump of III Corps bombed. The whole dump caught
fire. Many thousands of rounds of ammunition destroyed. Wonderful sight to see all
this ammunition exploding.
Inspected 3 How. Batteries and wrote to Bert in the evening.
A great day. Thaw setting in. The whole place mushy.
Thaw setting in. Thaw precautions adopted from midnight. All traffic on road cut out.
Rain set in. The whole place is a sea of mud. Prepared artillery order for operation on
Bayonet Trench. Attack postponed owing to muddy nature of ground.
Still raining . Received order re relief from Line. Sector to be divided and taken over
by 1st and 5th Aust. Div. Received word that II Corps took 12 officers and 767
prisoners on night 17/18 and gained all objectives.
Information received that enemy were in full fact of our intended attack and in
consequence was prepared.
Operation: Our Right Bde. (General Robertson) bombed up stonney trench and
captured another 250 yards and took 29 prisoners. Quite a successful little show.
Enemy much subdued, no retaliation.
21st February, 1917.
Accompanied Col. Armstrong on inspection of camp site. Also inspected ammunition of
III Corps recently blown up by enemy aeroplanes “A sight for the Gods” Millions of
rounds of ammtn destroyed. Wreckage beyond description.
- 71 22nd February, 1917.
Received order for relief of 4th Div. on night 23/24. Arty H.Q. move to Bavelincourt
Chateau. Raining.
Proceeded to Bavelincourt and completed billeting arrangements for Div. Artillery in
Behencourt, Bavelincourt and Beaucourt.
D.A.H.Q. arrived in Rest Area and located in fine old French Chateau at Bavelincourt.
10th F.A. Bdge arrived in Rest Area.
1st March, 1917.
Spent day in Amiens.
On 26th February received word that enemy was withdrawing from our Front. Our
advance troops being pushed out to get in touch. Many villages evacuated by enemy.
Enemy destroyed all billets, dugouts and roads. Covering his retirement by strong
posts.
Several strong attacks had taken place with our troops. Retirement continuing under
heavy pressure of our troops.
The object of retirement is to shorten Line and thus relieve further troops for his
offensive. Indications are that the Boche is retiring on the Arras - Cambrai Line which
is well formed and strongly held
The morale of trench troops has risen considerably. Great jubilation re success of British
troops. The whole of British Front on this Sector is going forward. Bapaume expected
to fall any day.
4th March, 1917.
Having splendid weather and taking full advantage of rest.
in a few days.
Expect to go into line again
6th March, 1917.
112 How. Battery moved into Rest billets at Behencourt
- 71 7th March, 1917.
11th F.A. Bde. and 11” How. Battery moved into rest billets at Behencourt.
8th March, 1917.
A heavy fall of snow.
A quiet time.
9th March, 1917.
Took over the 118th How. Battery (4.5”) from 12th F.A. Brigade and posted them one
section of 110th How. Battery and the remaining Section to 111th How. Battery and
completed 6 gun establishment.
10th March, 1917.
Received orders from Brigade to move up in Line again in 2nd Aust. Div. Sector in
preparation of impending offensive.
Witnessed Contact demonstration carried out 4th, 12th, and 13th Inf. Bde.
11th March, 1917.
Bde. and Battery Commanders left per motor transport for Front Line.
12th March, 1917.
Batteries moved up to forward area preparatory to moving into Front Line.
13th March, 1917.
Lunched with General and Major Bates in Amiens, returned to H.Q. at 4 p.m. Received
word that the enemy had withdrawn from Warlencourt Line to Bapaume Line. Pending
attack by 2nd Aust. Div. abandoned in consequence.
Brigade of 4th A.D.A returning to Rest Area.
Enemy evidently intend retreating for some distance. This is the 2nd time within the
last 3 weeks that the enemy has frustrated our attack on his positions.
14th March, 1917.
Part of the 11th F.A. Bde. returned to Rest Area. Enemy has withdrawn to Bapaume
Line.
- 72 15th March, 1917.
10th F.A. Bde. and remains of 11th F.A. Bde. returned to Rest Area.
Bapaume expected to be occupied by our troops tonight.
16th March, 1917.
A cold day. Arranging for fodder lorry disienfector to disienfect all blankets.
Czar of Russia abdicated in favour of Cr. Prince Nicholas.
Enemy reported to have vacated Bapaume Line.
17th March, 1917.
Beautiful day. Rest drawing to a close.
19th March, 1917.
A successful Divisional exercise carried out.
20th March, 1917.
Enemy still retiring. Our advanced mounted troops in touch with enemy’s rear guard.
Several other villages captured. Enemy devastating villages right and left.
21st March, 1917.
Accompanied General on a visit to Bapaume. Albert-Bapaume Road frightfully
congested with traffic of all sorts moving up. Derelict tanks and aeroplanes lying
everywhere. Bapaume completely demolished by enemy prior to his evacuation absolute vandalism committed everywhere. All buildings blown down and trees cut
down, roads and railways blown up. Our troops rapidly advancing and harassing the
enemy.
22nd March, 1917.
Inspection by G.O.C. Division. Snowing heavily. Still in comfortable Rest billet but
expect to be moving up shortly.
23rd March, 1917.
Carried out signalling on communications scheme. Inspected camouflage for guns.
- 73 24th March, 1917.
Accompanied the Bde. Major to 2nd D.A.H.Q. at Bapaume to arrange taking over Line
on 28/29/30th inst. Called at Henencourt. Received word late at night that relief put
back for 24hours owing to 2nd Aust. Div. carrying out an attack on villages in Front .
Summer time comes into force - watches are advanced 1 hour from midnight.
25th March, 1917.
General and Bde Commanders went out to inspect Front Line.
Rode over to Puisieux to see 12th Batn. Met Battalion on road out for route march.
Saw Col. Elliot, Major Rafferty, Tyndal and Charles Willing.
MEMORY BLANK.
4th April, 1917.
Left our comfortable Chateau home for a more active Centre. Rode through to D.A.C.
Camp at x2 q.d.and stayed there for the night. A beautiful day, but a very cold night.
5th April, 1917.
Winter again in all its anger. Snowing heavily and oh so cold. Breakfast at 7 a.m.
Unusual- my visit here was for the purpose of supervising an experiment in the use of
mechanical transport for drawing field artillery. The experiment was carried out this
a.m. with 11th F.A. Bde on their 2nd day march enroute to Bapaume Area.
At 8 a.m. 24 x 3 ton lorries drew up and loaded with Amtn. and proceeded to park. Guns
came along were hooked on to the lorries by many methods. All ready and away they
went much to the delight of the detachments riding inside the lorries, who would
otherwise have had to walk
Generals of all sorts, Kings etc and their staff were found waiting at all corners to watch
progress. The Brigade reached destination in good time and all pronounced the
experiment a success (big).
Arrived at D.A.C. Advance Camp. Settled for night.
over from 2nd A.D.A. and commenced work.
10 officers in one leaky hut. Took
Preparation for big offensive got under way. 3 Divisions of Artillery placed under our
General 1st, 2nd and 4th. My heart nearly sunk. No additional staff or assistance. My
task to administer the three is a big one. Ammunition arrangements immense - “ a stout
heart etc.” is my motto.
- 74 6th April, 1917.
Selection of position for guns, arranging plan of attack occupies all day and the greater
part of the night to say nothing of settling camp which is situated just out of Bapaume on
Sapignies Road. The whole place is still being hotly shelled.
7th April, 1917.
A busy day. 1st Div. Artillery arrived under our control, pushed them into camp and
filled them up with ammunition. On returning from this camp a Boche 9.2 passed
overhead and landed in 7th A.S.C. Camp, killed 3 including W.O. Wilkinson and
wounded many. Killed 3 mules.
8th April, 1917.
Accompanied General on reconnaissance for Ordnance Wagon Line and refilling points,
passed through ruins of Favreuil, Beugnatre and Fremicourt. Boche vandalism is seen at
every turn.
Preliminary bombardment started on this front and at Arras where the big push is being
made. Our casualties so far include 3 officers wounded and several O.R killed.
Enemy’s guns very active. News of fresh developments mobile force organised for a
dash . Relieved 3 a.m.
9th April, 1917.
The great day. The Big Push started at 5.30 a.m. at ARRAS - big success. Up till 8 p.m.
7,000 prisoners. All objectives gained. Canadians captured Vimy Ridge. Big
enveloping movement started. 1st and 5th Aust Div. doing good work south of us.
Captured villages of Hemes, Dernicourt and Boursies. Casualties fairly heavy. Tanks
and Cavalry preparing to break through our Front tomorrow morning.
Every thing looks well and bright. Our Artillery are all standing to ready for a dash
forward. The weather again very wintery. Snow hail and rain.
Aust. mail arrived, no time to reply (a little note).
10th April, 1917.
Oh what a day. The heaviest blizzard we have had yet has raged all day. Intense cold.
Operations against the Hindenburg Line which were to have commenced at 4.30 a.m.
postponed owing to tanks not being able to get into position in time due to the snow
storms. One tank lost its way. Not yet turned up. Heavy Boche shelling all day.
Casualties heavy again.
- 75 The whole of 4th F.A Brigade H.Q. scuppered by one stray shell. H.Q blown to glory I
hope? Lt Col. Watts D.S.O. Capt. Black MO. Lt. Harding Adj. Davenport, Ord. Off.
Was speaking to Watts only a few minutes before the fatal shell arrived.
The attack on ARRAS Front progressing well. So far 11,000 prisoners and 100 guns
taken. We move to the attack tomorrow morning. Another late night preparing orders
and making arrangements for the attack.
11th April, 1917.
At 4.30 a.m. our attack started under cover of 2 sections of tanks. Good progress made.
Hindenburg Line crossed and occupied. Troops entered Hendencourt and Reincourt.
Enemy counter attacked heavily, moved our troops back to original line. Casualties
heavy approx. 4,000.
Cause of retirement , complete failure of tanks, too slow and drew fire. 6 knocked out at
starting point. Ammunition supply ran out. Carrying parties picked off by snipers.
Owing to slowness of tanks Left Flank in care 62nd Div. failed to come up and cover
withering machine gun fire on Left Flank from Bullecourt and 4th & 13th Bde. badly cut
up. 4th Bde. particularly. Casualties in officers enormous.
Division being withdrawn from Line, relieved by 2nd Div. All artillery to remain in.
Our General to command Divisional Artilleries. A fresh plan of campaign prepared to
retake ground given up.
7th Corps attacking heavily on Right Front. Progress reported to be good. 1st and 3rd.
Armies still pushing on, on ARRAS Front. No details in tonight. 62nd Division to
attack Bullecourt.
All guns bombarding this village tonight. Weather still cruel, snowing and raining
heavily. Cold intense. A sorry night for unfortunate wounded lying out in no man’s
land. Enemy adopting a cruel practice of shooting our collecting parties. Many
wounded had to be left behind. Total prisoners lost to the enemy about one thousand,
including wounded. Going to bed. I am dog tired.
12th April, 1917.
A cold raw day. Snow storms and sleet. Remnants of our Infantry withdrawn from
Line. Withdrawal of Div. H.Q. postponed for 24 hours. Big Push on ARRAS Front still
progressing favourably.
Cavalry doing good work. Enemy shelling our front heavily.
Our Artillery casualties very slight. Move Wagon Lines and refilling points to
advanced positions. Completing arrangements for new plan of attack.
- 76 13th April, 1917.
Weather still miserable. Quite as bad as any we have yet had. Another busy day
preparing for the next push. Enemy guns still very active and causing us casualties.
14th April, 1917.
Same old beastly weather. A stiff day in the office pending attack postponed until the
morning of 16th inst.
Have just heard that our casualties in recent attack amounted to 1,000 killed, 2,000
wounded and prisoners. 4th Infantry Bde. almost wiped out.
15th April, 1917.
What a day of excitement and grief. Was awakened at 4.30a.m. by telephone bells
ringing madly. Arose to find that the Boche was carrying out a raid in force on our
front. Col. Commanding our right Group informed us that the enemy were pushing our
Infantry back through his guns and he was expecting his guns to go any moment. The
position was most critical. The enemy pressed on and it looked as if we were going to
lose all our guns. All teams were sent up to be in readiness to withdraw those possible.
Fortunately reinforcements were handy and 2 Battalions were rushed up. After a severe
tussle the enemy began to give way until we at last claim Line back under our own
barrage fire they were badly cut. The guns played up historically.
Two Brigade of
guns had been actually lost, i.e. seven 6 gun Batteries but were recaptured. The enemy
had only sufficient time to destroy 9 of them before he was driven out and the guns
retaken. The enemy is retiring.
Came under our barrage fire and were frightfully cut up. Hundreds lying dead
everywhere. We took 3 officers and 300 O.R. prisoners. Only about 300 of the enemy
got back to their own lines. Our casualties only number 150 which must be considered
slight.
Unfortunately we lost two of our best officers in Major Rick Pyfus and Lieut. E.H. Clark
two of the bravest men ever walked. Major Pyfus commanded the 43rd Battery. This
Battery suffered heavy casualties, 2 officers and 12 O.R. killed and 28 O.R. wounded.
Pyfus was killed fighting with his Battery and had he not brought his guns out onto the
road to give greater assistance to the Infantry he would have been alright. His eagerness
to do the right thing cost him his life.
16th April, 1917.
A sad morning. General and I attended funeral of Major Pyfus and Lieut. Clark.
were buried in the Bapaume Cemetery.
They
The remainder of the day hard at work in the office.
- 77 17th April, 1917.
Am so dog tired.
Beastly weather still. Attack postponed until 20th Inst. Enemy Artillery still active.
Batteries suffering fairly heavy casualties.
18th April, 1917.
No change in weather. Conditions otherwise normal.
19th April, 1917.
Still raining and very cold. A heavy day in the office.
26th inst. All arrangements upset.
Attack again postponed until
20th April, 1917.
Glorious day. Inspected Dump and Wagon Lines. Received word that C.R.A. 2nd
Aust. Div. coming in to take over command of Artillery Sector. We move out
tomorrow.
21st April, 1917.
Handed over command of Left Sector 1st Anzac Artillery to C.R.A. 2nd Aust. Div.
General Johnson and in a way was not sorry. The Left sector Artillery consisted of 8
Brigades of Artillery. A terrific crowd to administer and control. Fixed up new
quarters so that we may remain in Sector until the “big show” comes off.
22nd April, 1917.
General and I rode through to Arras. A lovely trip and very interesting. Inspected the
Boche old lines, Beaurarins, the village on which the Boche swung his flank in the
retirement to the Hindenberg Line is a complete ruin.
Arras is much knocked about. This town has been held by the British throughout.
Witnessed a battle raging on the Heights of Monchy les Preux.
23rd April, 1917.
A day’s loaf.
Not feeling too grand, having caught virus and cold.
24th April, 1917.
Inspected horse lines and general look around. III Army attacked Cherisy, and
Fontaine les Crosille. A terrific struggle, Boche launched 9 successive attacks. Day
ended without either side having given an inch of ground.
- 78 25th April, 1917.
A day “at home’ in the office.
26th April, 1917.
The General and I went on another riding ramble along the French Front to Peronne. A
most interesting day. Country over which French attacked frightfully cut up. Villages
completely demolished. Dead bodies lying everywhere. Peronne a total wreck. The
Germans gutted every house before retiring from it.
Australians in Peronne after retaking it from the Germans
Rode home around our Front at Flers du Cruedconrte. Inspected the lines that held us up
for so long.
27th April, 1917.
Another day at home. Not feeling too grand. Wrote letters home.
28th April, 1917.
Weather improving. Pending attack again postponed.
29th April, 1917.
See 28th above.
Nothing doing.
30th April, 1917.
Obtained 3 days leave to visit Caestre. Left ----------- per car at 8.30 a.m. A lovely
run through Arras, Souchez, Bethune, Noeux, Lillers and St. Venant and Hazebrouck .
22 M.A.C. came to my assistance and towed car into work shop. Arrived Caestre per
Arab supplied by M.A.C. Feeling much done up.
- 79 1st May, 1917.
A good rest under the care of Mdme Vallee and her kindly family.
2nd May, 1917.
Got in touch with Capt. Dawson per phone and arranged to visit him. Arrived at
Steenwerke. Met Col. Henly Capt. Dawson and Lieut. O’Rourke and had a pleasant day
amongst old comrades. Arrived back at Caestre 4.p.m.
3rd May, 1917.
Col. Henly called for me and ran me back in his car. A lovely day and a lovely trip.
Journey spoilt by another accident when within 10 miles of H.Q. broke a front spring.
The big attack on our Front commenced at 4.30 a.m. Results not too good. Our
Infantry got their 1st objective but were hung up owing to 62nd Div. not obtaining theirs.
Our Trench Mortar Batteries badly cut up by explosion of ammunition. Lieut. O’Reilly
killed tonight. A fine officer doing fine work.
4th May, 1917.
A very busy day in the office. The 7th British Div. brought in to clear Bullecourt with
not too much success. Boche putting up a big fight. Our Infantry holding out well
against big counter attacks.
An enemy plane flew over us tonight and brightened things up by dropping bombs with
disastrous results. Dropped one bomb on 45 Battery Wagon Line, killing Capt. Collins,
Lieut. Lewis and wounding Lieut. Callinsen.
6th to 10th May, 1917.
Weather beautiful. A quiet time.
11th May, 1917.
Received information of withdrawal from Line and transfer to 2nd Army Area.
12th May, 1917.
Busy making necessary preparation to move.
- 80 13th May, 1917.
Bde. withdrawal to wagon lines prior to moving to Albert to entrain on 14th Inst.
The closing days of over 6 months fighting on the Somme. The fighting on the
Bullecourt Front has been the hottest yet experienced by us. Our casualties amounting
to 14 officers killed, 17 officers wounded, 98 O.R. killed, 302 wounded, 20 missing.
Guns destroyed by shell fire 16. Ammunition fired period 9th April to 13th May, 18pr,
326,313, 4.5 How. 79,274 Total 405,537 Rds weighing 3,861 tons. Heavy Amtn.
235,555 Rds. weighing 12,676.
Total for the whole group 18 prs. 3,500 tons = 426,313 Rds.
4.5
1,600tons =105,274 Rds.
Heavy 12,674tons= 12,674 rounds.
Total 17,731 tons = 766,142 rounds.
14th May, 1917.
Left Bapaume enroute to new area. A pleasant trip through Arras, St. Pol, Lillers,
Hazebrouck to Bailleul. Obtained billeting area and proceeded to Neuf Berquin.
15th May, 1917.
Completed billeting for units.
16th May, 1917.
Returned to Bailleul and selected Div. Arty. H.Q.
General and Bde. Major arrived.
17th, 18th, 19th May, 1917.
Batteries commenced to arrive by train at Bailleul and Caestre Railway stations.
20th May, 1917.
Bde. Major went on leave. Batteries handed over to N.Z.
Batteries move to battle position.
Arty. for tactical handling
21st May, 1917.
Visited N.Z. D.A. H.Q. with the General.
22nd May, 1917.
Inspected 3rd Aust. Div. Arty. Front and gun positions with the General.
- 81 23rd/24th/25th May, 1917.
General settling down and preparing for Magnamus Opus - attack on WytschaeteMessines Ridge.
26th May, 1917.
General and Col. Vernon left for England on leave.
27th May, 1917.
A busy day with Units. A terrific concentration of troops and material taking place.
The Boche Artillery very active on back country.
28th May, 1917.
Col. King arrived back from leave and took over command of Div. Artillery.
Visited Caestre.
29th May, 1917.
Visited 3rd D.A. with C.R.A. and proceeded to Nieppe to see D.T.M.O.
30th May, 1917.
Having a quite time, preparations for attack pushing on.
31st May, 1917.
Enemy shelling vicinity of towns.
Beautiful weather.
1st/2nd/3rd June, 1917.
Enemy daily active. Has blown up quite a number of our dumps. Went out to Neurf
Eglisse with Col. Cockroft.
4th June, 1917.
A busy day in the office. Renin telephoned to send a car to St. Omer to pick up General
who had just flown over from England. Done the trip in 60 mins.
- 82 -
5th June, 1917.
Great excitement. An ammunition dump blown up close to town, glass from windows
falling everywhere caused by explosion. People running wild into cellars and any other
old spot; Most amusing.
6th June, 1917.
Bombardment of Messines and Wytschaete continued. Every available gun shooting
fast. Reported to N.Z. Div. Arty. H.Q. for duty to assist during final operations.
7th June, 1917.
The long looked for day arrived at last. Zero Hour 3 a.m. today. All mines exploded a
few seconds before Zero Hour. Infantry advanced to the attack. Noise of
bombardment and explosions terrifying. Attack progressing favourably. All
objectives gained. Prisoners to date approx. 3,000. Boche casualties heavy. Ours
extremely light for such a large offensive. Attack carried out by Guards division 25th
Div. and N.Z. Div. on this sector. 4th Aust. Div. moved through the attacking troops at 2
p.m. and consolidated positions gained.
8th June, 1917.
Things extremely quiet on the Front. The Boche is completely broken in this sector.
The bombardment completely demoralised his troops. Patrols still pushing out.
Prisoners approx. 5,000 in Div. Sector. Enemy feebly shelling back across.
9th June, 1917.
N.Z. Division withdrawing from Line. 4th Aust. Div. taking over. No change in
composition of Artillery covering Front. Things quiet on Front. Patrols upset enemy
retiring on Warneton Lines.
10th June, 1917.
4th Div. took over from N.Z. Div. at 10 a.m. today. All Artillery consisting of N.Z. and
our own come under our control. Visited Wagon Lines.
11th June, 1917.
Took over 25th Div. Artillery. Received orders to prepare to handle a large amount of
ammunition in anticipation of an attack on the Warneton Lines. Called a conference of
D.A.C. Commanders and F. am people and drew up a plan to clear all ammunition .
Inspected dumps and trans. system.
- 83 12th June, 1917.
All arrangements for handling ammunition completed. Scheme working well. All
Wagon Lines moved forward. Took over 242 Army Bde. 12 midnight. Received
instructions Batteries to reduce amount of ammunition at gun pits. Whole scheme
upset. Div. handed over control of Front to 25th Division.
13th June, 1917.
A quiet day.
14th June, 1917.
Have decided to go on leave on 15th. A busy day closing office.
15th June, 1917.
Left for Boulogne enroute to England on 10 days leave. General and Halford
accompanied me as far as Cassel (Army H.Q.). Picked up General Robertson. Arrived
Boulogne 12 noon. Lunched at Folkstone Hotel and boat left 5 p.m. Arrived London
10.30 p.m. Harris met me at station (Victoria). Went to Guilford.
16th June, 1917.
A busy day in London. Went out to Richmond with Gert in the afternoon. Ran into a
thunderstorm and got drenched. Had dinner at the Regent Palace.
17th June, 1917.
Another day in London, a quiet day. Went to Hyde Park during the afternoon.
18th June, 1917.
In London. Called on Countess of Harroby and Lady Frances Ryder.
20th June, 1917.
Attended Investiture at Buckingham Palace.
Left for Dumfries, Scotland 9.30 p.m.
Received M.C. from King George.
Spent night on train.
- 84 21st June, 1917.
Arrived Dumfries 7.30 am. Had breakfast with Mr. Harris Sen. Went around the town
through the Academy met all the Masters. Left for Glasgow at 12.30 p.m. A lovely
trip through this delightful part of the country. Arrived Glasgow 4 p.m. changed
stations and proceeded to Dundee and on to Carnoustie.
22nd June, 1917.
Carnoustie - spent to day looking around, lying on beach and playing tennis.
23rd June, 1917.
As above. A lovely time. Inspected a munitions factory Lovain Foundry 500 girls
working all making shells. Girls do everything. Quite an eye opener and very
interesting. Proceeded to Dundee and had lunch. Tramped around the city. Left
Dundee for Edinburgh. Passed over the wonderful Bridge of the Tay and Fourth Rivers.
The Forth Bridge is a wonderful piece of engineering. Arrived Edinburgh 7.pm. Had
dinner. A walk around town and to bed 10 p.m. feeling very tired.
24th June, 1917.
Up at 8 a.m. went over the Castle and through Old High Street. Most interesting place.
Lunched and went for a walk around town. Had dinner at Nth. British Stn. Hotel.
Left for London 10 p.m. All night in train. Arrived London (Kings Cross Station) at
7.30 a.m. Went to Guildford. Breakfast and up to Horseferry Road. Drew some
money. Walked over city of London. Met Gert at 12 noon. Lunched at “The Popolor”.
Went around town making purchases. Had tea at Trocadero. Sent Gert home. Went to
Guildford, changed and out to dinner at Maxims. Spent evening at Cafe Royal. A most
cosmopolitan place. Home to bed at 11 p.m.
26th June, 1917.
Up at 8. Am. Breakfast and out to town. Spent the morning with pals at Regent Palace.
Lunched at “Popolor”. Home and packed up at 3 p.m. Left London from Charing
Cross Station for Folkstone enroute to France at 4.45 p.m.
Arrived Boulogne 9.p.m. Got a lift in 41st Div. car to Bailleul. Spent night walking
about the town. Waiting for car to come for me.
Had a most enjoyable holiday. The best yet spent in England. Met many nice friends.
Sorry to come back to France.
- 85 27th June, 1917.
Car arrived 8 p.m. Breakfast at Officer Club. Found our H.Q. has shifted to Vieux
Berquin. Joined up H.Q. at 9 p.m. The General and Bde. Major away inspecting the
Belgium Front.
28th June, 1917.
Received instructions to take over Line from N.Z. Div. proceeded to Steenwerck and
spent the morning with N.Z. Div. Arty. going into matters of administration.
29th June, 1917.
Day in office. General and Bde. Major at Tilques Arty School.
30th June, 1917.
A wet day. General and Bde. Major reconnoitering Front. Everywhere very quiet on
the Front. Another big stunt likely to come shortly.
1st July, 1917.
Transferred my quarters to Steenwerck and took over from N.Z. Div. Arty.
Horse Show of Army Brigade at Westhof Farm during the afternoon.
Attended
2nd July, 1917.
General and Bde. Major arrived and took over command of Line. Div. suffers a sense
of loss, General Holmes, Div. Commander killed this a.m. He was showing Mr.
Holman, Premier of New South Wales around the Front when he was hit by a shell.
Holman was not hurt. A fine soldier and a thorough gentleman gone under.
3rd July, 1917.
General Holmes buried in Steenwerck Military Cemetery today. A very large and
representative gathering present.
4th July, 1917.
A slack day. Enemy planes active. Saw O’Rourke during the evening.
5th July, 1917.
Another quiet day.
- 86 6th July, 1917.
Went around the Front Line and inspected all Batteries. Harry called to see me.
7th July, 1917.
A day in the office.
8th July, 1917.
Visited 47th Div. Arty. Selected Wagon Lines for Bde. Moving out to X Corps.
9th July, 1917.
Received word of Bdes. Being relieved by N.Z. Div. Brigades withdrawn.
10th July, 1917.
Relieved by N.Z.D.A.
Vieux Berquin.
Handed over at 10 a.m. Lectured officers. H.Q. moved to
11th July, 1917.
H.Q. established at Vieux Berquin.
12th July, 1917.
Call at X Corps. Picked up Capt. Olliphant and proceeded to Brigade Wagon Lines.
Lunched with X Corps.
13th July, 1917.
Received word of the German attack on our Front at Nieuport. The attack was
proceeded by a heavy bombardment. Our line driven back 600’ on a 1400’ Front.
Withdrew to W. bank of Yser. All bridges destroyed. Boche expects capture of 1250
prisoners. This set back will probably throw our northern offensive back some 3 or 4
weeks.
Went for a gallop through the Bois de Nieppe. A delightful ride through this very pretty
wood.
14th July, to 22nd July, 1917.
Little doing. A lazy day. Col. Waite arrives back from leave. Brigades settling down
in the Line. Enemy shelling very heavy.
Enemy dropped bombs on Wagon Lines of
11th I.H. Bde. Killed 32 horses, wounded 20. Horses feet cut off about 4 inches above
pastern by explosion.
- 87 23rd July, 1917.
Liut. Nagel and 12 others 11th F.A. Bde wounded
Harry gassed. On night 17th evacuated to C.C.S. on 18th , evacuated to Base Hospital on
19th inst. Not serious. ---------------- Arty. Orchard killed. Buried on 20th.
Enemy bombed and shelled Bailleul during night with effect.
24th July, 1917.
Col. King left for England for duty Reserve Brigade. Talk of my getting Battery,
possibly the 39th Bty.
25th to 1st August, 1917.
Generally a quiet time. All Brigades in Line under X Corps.
2nd August, 1917.
Bates and Vernon arrived back from Paris.
Staff Captain.
Lieut. A.C. Waite reported to learn duties of
Received advice of my promotion to rank of Major (Temp) and to command 39th Battery
to date from 26th July. Major T.I.C. Williams to be Lieut. Col. (Temp) and to command
10th F.A. Brigade.
3rd August, 1917.
Handed over my duties to Lieut. Waite.
to Div. Staff.
Waite appointed Staff Captain.
Said goodbye
4th August, 1917.
Reported to 10th F.A. Brigade for duty.
Took over Wagon Lines.
5th August, 1917.
Looking around, squaring up Wagon Lines. Orders received for Bde to pull out.
Relieved by 119th Army Bde. No. One Section withdraws to Wagon Lines. Guns
stuck in shell holes, and had to be left till morning. Attack made on Boche Lines.
Barrage fire terrific.
- 88 6th August, 1917.
Guns of No. 2 section successfully removed to Wagon Lines. Remaining guns of Battery
withdrawn to wagon lines. P.s to Bombardiers killed on night of 4/5th . Weather
clearing. Major Williams of 33rd A.H.A. Group called - late R.A.G.A. invited me
out to dinner.
7th August, 1917.
Moved out from Wagon Lines at Vierstraat and marched to new line near Croix de Bac.
Turn out fair. March discipline very good. Received orders to go into line on
Wytschaete - Messines Front and relieve 37th Div.
8th August, 1917.
7.30 a.m. Reported to Bde H.Q. and proceeded to recoinnoitre new position. Reported
at Group H.Q. and received instructions. Saw O.C. C/123 battery and arranged to put
one Section in same evening. Selected Wagon Lines. Battery moved up arriving at
Lindeukoctt at 5p.m section proceeded to position at 8.30 p.m. Got lost - turned up at
about 1 a.m.
9th August, 1917.
Proceeded to Battery position 9.a.m. Went to O.P. with Capt. Roberts C/123 and
registered guns. Remaining guns brought up and relief completed 9 p.m. Took over
command of front allocated.
10th August, 1917.
Rain. Enemy shelled heavily during morning. Rest of day comparatively quiet.
Visited Major Sandford 108 How. Bty. Selected new gun positions. O/C Group
visited Bty. with Engineer Officer. Arranged for work to be put in hand.
11th August, 1917.
A very quiet night. A few gas shells only thrown over. Heavy shelling of Bty. position
from 10.30 a.m. to 11 a.m. result nil. Battery again shelled heavily during afternoon.
Destroyed 50 rds of ammunition. Telephonists Gs. - Walkden, Burnley, Anderson and
Miller, have sent their names on for recognition for immediate award. A very hot time
for an hour or so. Put No 1 gun into action.
- 89 12th August, 1917.
Morning very quiet. Enemy aeroplanes active. Busy constructing gun pits.
Received notification of confirmation of my rank. Capt. Aiken left Bty. for Wagon
Lines. Not feeling too good. A bit nervy. Lt. Brown came up to Arty. position last
night.
13th August, 1917.
Up at 4.45 am. reg. Guns on 5.0 Lines from Anzac Farm O.P. Enemy shelled Battery
position from 8 a.m. to 11 a.m. with 4.5s. No damage done. Setting out work for new
gun pits during afternoon.
14th August, 1917.
Busy constructing new gun pits. Weather dull. Letter from Gert. and Mrs.Hoys.
Visited Wagon Lines and adjusted several matters requiring attention. One of our
planes brought down.
15th August, 1917.
Proceeded to Anzac Farm O.P. and linked up to S.O.G. Lines with 26th and 37th
Batteries. Received orders for stunt to support 18 and 19 Corps attack north of Ypres.
Working out programme of tasks till 12 midnight.
16th August, 1917.
Zero hour 4.45 a.m. up at 4 a.m. Guns opened up at 4.45 a.m. and shot till 6.2 a.m.
= 77 mins 600 rounds fired.
Enemy shelled position during night, destroying railway running through Bty position.
Cols. Williams and O’Mahoney called during the morning.
17th August, 1917.
A quiet day. Enemy shelling valley in rear of Messines intermittently throughout the
day.
18th August, 1917.
Went up to Front Lines. Selected new O.P.
lines. Enemy plane brought down.
Set party to clean up and lay out telephone
19th August, 1917.
Normal inspection Wagon Lines. Good show. Harness looking well.
- 90 20th August, 1917.
Day normal. Battery position heavily strafed with 5.9” during night. No damage.
P.S. Lieut. Florance reported for duty on 17th. Lieut. Harlock returned from leave 18th.
Capt. Sheppard reported for duty on transfer to Battery.
21st August, 1917.
Attend Court Martial. President of Court F.G.C.M to try man for horse stealing. Paid
a visit to Div. Artillery H.Q. Had tea with the General.
22nd August, 1917.
Received word of withdrawal from line to Rest Area. Duration unknown. Major
Littleton and Lieut. Dangar of Relieving Battery called and was shown over position.
23rd August, 1917.
Rain pending. Lieut. Brown proceeds to Camouflage School at St. Omer. One section
of guns withdraws to Wagon Lines tonight.
24th August, 1917.
Went up to O.P. with Lt. Dangar and registered his guns onto Zero Point. C.R.A. of
30th Div. called on me. Remaining guns withdrawn and relief completed. All O.K.
withdrawn to Wagon Lines at Lindeubock and prepare to march to Rest Area tomorrow.
25th August, 1917.
Route marched to Rest Billet in Sailly area. Left Lindeubock at 8 a.m. Went to D.AH.Q.
Met Gen. Burgess and said goodbye to Gen. Rosenthal. Had lunch with Col. Williams
and Padu Stevenson in Bailleul.
26th August, 1917.
General cleaning up and checking equipment.
27th August, 1917.
Bathing prad . Lecture to members of Battery.
28th August, 1917.
Inspection of horses by C.R.A.
- 91 29th August, 1917.
Route March. Inspected by C.R.A. and Div. Commander.
30th August, 1917.
Painting vehicles and checking equipment.
31st August, 1917.
Same as above.
1st September, 1917.
Same as above.
Received word that a move to another area is imminent.
Received word that we are to remain in present area.
Commenced a course of training for Battery. Dined with Col. W at B.H.Q. Boche
sending up a number of small balloons which discharge newspapers published in enemy
territory. The papers all printed in French are pro German throughout.
Received orders at 3 a.m. to move to Caestre area. Battery to reach starting point 5
miles distant from Billet at 9.30 a.m. A big rush but Battery got away clear and up to
time. A
good march to Boore Area where decent billets were obtained.
Squaring up camp. Visited Caestre.
Received warning order to move into action on Front of Ypres.
for men.
- 92 8th September, 1917.
Half holiday and sport
Went by motor bus to Ypres, thence walked to Railway Wood. Inspected Battery
Position and completed arrangements for relief. Had a narrow squeak when moving
along the Menin Road. A “pip squeak” landed a few feet away from us. Returned to
lines.
There were no further entries in the diary.
- 93 GLOSSARY
A.A.G.
Assistant Adjutant General.
A.A.M.C.
A.A.N.S
A.D.A.
Adj.
A.HQ.
AHA.
Amtn.
A.P.M.
Arty.
B.A.C.
Batt.
B.C.
Bde.
Bge. Gen.
B.G.R.A.
B.H.Q.
Bmdr.
B.S.M.
Bty.
Capt.
C.C.S.
C.O.
Col.
C.R.A.
D.A.
D.A.C.
D.A.T.
D.A.H.Q.
D.A.M.G.
D.H.Q.
Div. A.A.
Div.
D.S.O.
D.T.M.O.
F.A.
F.A.Bde.
F.G.M.C.
Gnr./Gs.
G.O.C.
How.
H.M.A.T.
H.M.S.
H.M.T.
H.T.M.S
H.Q.
Australian Army Medical Corps.
Australian Army Nursing Service.
Australian Divisional Artillery.
Adjutant.
Australian Headquarters
Australian Heavy Artillery.
Ammunition.
Assistant Provost Marshal.
Artillery
Battery/Brigade Ammunition Column
Battalion.
Battery Commander.
Brigade.
Brigadier General.
Brigadier General Royal Artillery.
Brigade/Battalion Headquarters.
Bombardier (a Corporal in the Artillery).
Battery/Brigade Sergeant major.
Battery.
Captain.
Casualty Clearing Station.
Commanding Officer.
Colonel.
Commander Royal Artillery.
Divisional Artillery.
Divisional Artillery Column.
Divisional Artillery Troop.
Divisional Artillery Headquarters.
Deputy Assistant Master General.
Divisional Headquarters.
Division/Divisional Army Area.
Division / Divisional.
Distinguished Service Order.
Field Artilleryy
Field Artillery Brigade.
Field General Court Martial.
Gunner (a Private in the Artillery).
General Officer Commanding.
Howitzer.
His Majesty’s Australian Transport.
His Majesty’s Ship.
- 94 His Majesty’s Transport.
Prefix before Japanese Warship.
Headquarters.
I.A. Bde.
I.A.
I.H. Bde.
I.M.A.
Inft.
Lt.
Lieut.
L.H. Bdge.
L.H. Regt.
LtCol.
M.A.C.
M.G.R.A.
N.Z.D.A
O.C.
O.P.
Ord.
Ord. Off.
P.s
Prad
Prov.
R.A.N.S
R.A.G.A
R.M.S
R.N.
R.E.
Sap
Sapper.
S.C. 2 D.A.
Sgt.
S.M.
S.S.M.
S.O.G.
T.M.
W.O.
Indian Artillery Brigade.
Indian Artillery.
Indian Howitzer Brigade.
Indian Mountain Artillery.
Infantry.
Lieutenant.
Lieutenant.
Light Horse Brigade.
Light Horse Regiment.
Lieutenant Colonel.
Major General Royal Artillery.
New Zealand Divisional Artillery.
Officer Commanding.
Observation Post.
Ordnance
Orderly Officer.
Prayer service
Horse. Old English slang but used by the Australians in France.
Provisional.
Royal Australian Naval Service.
Royal Australian Garrison Artillery
Royal Mail Ship.
Royal Navy.
Royal Engineers.
A tunnel dug under or into Turkish/German Trench.
Private in the Engineers.
Staff Captain 2nd Division Artillery.
Sergeant.
Sergeant Major.
Section Sergeant Major.
Trench Mortar.
Warrant Officer
Other Notes
References to Harry relate to Frederick’s brother who was serving in France at the same time.
Bertie is the nickname of Frederick’s wife Bertha.
Gert. was his sister.
Some spelling of towns etc may be incorrect, but they have been transcribed as written.
- 95 -

War diary -Frederick Forrest

Transcription

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