Handout 4 - University of North Texas

Lone Star Chemistry Solu2ons Lone Star Chemistry Solu2ons iBook: h(ps://itunes.apple.com/us/book/lone-­‐star-­‐chemistry-­‐solu9ons/id635036317?mt=11 What Started in Texas Has Changed the World
Part IV Emeritus College Spring 2015 Diana Mason, PhD, ACSF (re@red) Professor Emeritus, Department of Chemistry University of North Texas April 23, 2015 Schedule • 
• 
• 
• 
April 14: Texas on the World’s Stage April 16: Early Statehood April 21: 1880s to the Moon (Celebra@on!) April 23: Texas Today Texas on the World’s Stage Today Television Alamo Heroes Davy CrockeU Adventures of Jim Bowie TV Series 1954-­‐1955 TV Series 1956-­‐1958 25 Alamo Movies • 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
The Alamo (2004) The Alamo (1960) Assault on Precinct 13 (1976) aka "The Anderson Alamo" -­‐ USA (working 9tle) Davy Crocke(, King of the Wild Fron9er (1954) aka "Episode 3: Davy Crocke( at the Alamo" -­‐ USA (TV 9tle) The Man from the Alamo (1953) The Alamo: Thirteen Days to Glory (1987) (TV) Wake Island: Alamo of the Pacific (2003) (TV) Alamo Bay (1985) Last Night at the Alamo (1984) Alamo: The Price of Freedom (1988) The Alamo Documentary (2004) (V) Remember the Alamo (2003) (TV) The Alamo (1936) Ballata per un pistolero (1967) aka "Rocco -­‐ der Einzelgänger von Alamo" -­‐ Germany Strada per Fort Alamo, La (1964) aka "The Road to Fort Alamo" Fuente Álamo, la caricia del 9empo (2001) Heroes of the Alamo (1937) • 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
West of the Alamo (1946) Martyrs of the Alamo (1915) The Alamo Documentary: A True Story of Courage (2004) (V) The Ba(le of the Alamo (1996) (TV) Davy Crocke( at the Fall of the Alamo (1926) aka "With Davy Crocke( at the Fall of the Alamo" The Immortal Alamo (1911) aka "Fall of the Alamo" Return of the Legend: The Making of 'The Alamo' (2004) (V) The Siege and Fall of the Alamo (1914) aka "The Fall of the Alamo" – USA Spirit of the Alamo (1960) (TV) John Wayne's 'The Alamo' (2001) (V) The Fall of the Alamo (1935) Due sergen9 del generale Custer, I (1966) aka "Dos vivales en Fuerte Álamo" -­‐ Spain aka "Two Idiots at Fort Alamo" -­‐ USA An Uzi at the Alamo (2005) The Oscar •  Oscar, the Academy Award statue(e, was named for Texan Oscar Pierce, whose niece worked in Hollywood for the Academy of Mo9on Pictures Arts and Sciences. •  When she saw the gold statue(e, she reportedly said, “Why, that looks just like my Uncle Oscar.” Texas Rangers John Wayne and Chuck Norris are honorary Texas Rangers. The Texas Rangers are the oldest law enforcement agency in North America with statewide jurisdic9on. The Lone Ranger TV Series 1949-­‐1957 Walker, Texas Ranger TV Series 1993-­‐2001 Texas Sports 29. Braggin’ or True? National Game of Texas: 42
•  Circa, 1888: William Thomas and Walter
Earl from Trapps Spring (now Garner) got
caught playing cards -- a forbidden pastime
-- ’cuz it’s devil’s work!
•  After the deck was burned and obligatory
whipping applied, the boys took advantage
of a loophole in the rule they’d broken and
developed “42”, since playing dominoes,
weren’t sinful.
–  And you thought it was football!
Texas Monthly, May 2008 Texas Universi9es (2014) •  Texas is home to 36 public universities (and counting).
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
Largest: The University of Texas at Austin
Second: Texas A&M University, College Station
Third: Third: University of Houston
Fourth: Texas Tech University
Fifth: University of North Texas, Denton
TAMU UT UH TTU UNT
College Sports Logos UT Aus9n TAMU
UNT Rice Texas Tech TCU SMU Baylor Houston More Texas Universi9es Beaumont Prairie View Huntsville San Antonio Corpus Chris9 Texas Southern Arlington Edinburg San Antonio Nacogdoches San Marcos El Paso TAMU-­‐Qatar The Heisman Trophy
•  Named for John William Heisman, the
first full-time coach and athletic director
at Rice University in Houston, 1924-­‐1927.
•  Awarded annually to the most
outstanding college football player in the
United States by the Downtown Athletic
Club since 1935.
Rice University Heisman Winners from Texas • 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
Davey O’Brien *Doak Walker *John David Crow
*Earl Campbell *Tim Brown Andre Ware Ty Detmer *Ricky Williams *Robert Griffin, III Johnny Manziel 1938 1948 1957 1978 1987 1989 1990 1998 2012 2013 TCU SMU TAMU Texas Norte Dame Houston BYU Texas Baylor University TAMU *Not born in Texas; *NFL Hall of Fame 2015; O’Brien & Brown are Woodrow Wilson Wildcats Davy O’Brien and Tim Brown •  Woodrow Wilson High School (Wildcats) –  Dallas ISD •  Only high school that lays claim to two Heisman Trophy winners High School Home of the Heisman Woodrow Wilson High School Dallas, Texas Leu: 1952 Right: Today Carthage High School 1200 square-­‐feet video screen Scoreboard: The Jumbotron •  Small-­‐town Texas: Carthage is home to what they claim is the biggest high-­‐school football video scoreboard in the country. Carthage Kilgore, Texas •  World's Richest Acre Park in downtown Kilgore, where the greatest concentra9on of oil wells in the world once stood. •  Located in Gregg and Rusk Coun9es •  Childhood residence from the age of six of the noted classical pianist, Van Cliburn. Kilgore Rangere(es •  Kilgore Rangere(es (Sweethearts of the Gridiron) will have a documentary on this year's Thin Line fes9val in Denton. There is a connec9on between the Rangere(es and the UNT Department of Chemistry. •  The Rangere(es were founded by Dr. Basil Earl Masters, a law graduate of Yale University. –  Basil Masters founded Amarillo Junior College, Paris Junior College, and then Kilgore Junior College; he was the son of Baylus Earl Masters (who fought in the Civil War), who was the son of Zachariah Masters, who was the brother of George Washington Masters, the father of Newton Jasper Masters (who also fought in the Civil War), the father of Wallace Newton Masters, the founder of our Department in 1910. Apache Belles since 1947 •  Tyler Junior College Apache Belles –  precision dance and head-­‐turning produc9on numbers Smith Co.
Texas Connec9on to Yankee Stadium •  Fact: Rice alumnus John Cox ’27 gave his alma mater his ownership of Yankee Stadium, including all leasing rights, in 1962. –  Rice made several million dollars off the giu, leasing the "House that Ruth Built" to the Yankees for almost a decade. •  In the 1966–1967 offseason, during the period in which Rice owned the stadium, the concrete exterior was painted white and the interior was painted blue. The metal frieze circling the upper deck was painted white. Coincidence? We think not. •  In 1971 the city of New York forced Rice (under rules of eminent domain) to sell the stadium for a mere $2.5 million. 30. Braggin’ or True? First Domed Stadium in U.S.: Astrodome
• 
• 
• 
• 
Astrodome built in Houston opened in April 12, 1965.
First game: New York Yankees vs. Houston Astros
Astros won 1-2 (11 innings)
First homerun: Yankee, Mickey Mantle (Okee by birth)
Nolan Ryan •  Lynn Nolan Ryan, Jr., nicknamed "The Ryan Express", is a former Major League Baseball pitcher and chief execu9ve officer of the Texas Rangers. He is currently an execu9ve adviser to the owner of the Houston Astros. •  Born in Refugio in 1947 •  Entered Baseball Hall of Fame in 1999 –  era = 3.19 with 5,714 strikeouts –  7 no-­‐hi(ers •  As an California Angel’s pitcher, his fastball was "officially" clocked by the Guinness Book of World Records at 100.9 miles per hour in 1974 against the Detroit Tigers •  Leu: Nolan and Pudge take on Ventura at a Ranger White Sox’s game Nakcona Goods from Nacona Texas Originals: Y’all come on down! La Quinta Hotels •  Founded in 1968 in San Antonio •  Opened by real estate entrepreneur Sam Barshop (1929–2013) and his brother Phil (1935–1998) •  Original site: across street from the site of HemisFair ‘68 World’s Fair •  Each room: television, iron, hair dryer, coffee maker, and complimentary breakfast, and the hotel has an on-­‐site gym or complimentary passes to a local gym. Tower of the Americas Whataburger
• 
• 
• 
• 
Original Founded Corpus Christi
Opened August 8, 1950
Currently over 700
Denton: 3 locations
–  712 Fort Worth Dr
–  1701 Malone St
–  1708 S Loop 288
Whataburger By the Bay, Corpus Chris9, 1950 Corpus Chris9 Chili’s Grill & Bar •  Original: Founded in Dallas
•  Opened March 13, 1975
•  Original location: Corner of Greenville Ave and
Meadows Rd
•  Currently over 1000 restaurants
–  Denton: SW corner of Interstate 35E & Lillian Miller
Jason’s Deli •  1976: Founded in Beaumont •  Parent company, Deli Management, Inc., owns the majority of the deli restaurants Jefferson Co. Cheddar’s 1979: First restaurant
opened outside of
Six Flags over
Texas in Arlington.
Made-from-scratch
food: An American
Dining Experience
Cheddar's Casual Cafe 2860 Heritage Trace Parkway Fort Worth, TX 76177 Phone: 817-­‐741-­‐7800 Cantina Laredo’s
1984: First restaurant
opened in Addison.
Dallas Co. True taste of authentic
Mexican food by using
only the best
ingredients and
preparing everything
fresh in our kitchens.
Rudy’s Bar-­‐B-­‐Q •  Founded 1989 in Leon Springs
(near San Antonio)
Bexar Co. Denton: 520 South IH-35 E
31. Braggin’ or True? Tote’m to 7-­‐Eleven • 
• 
• 
• 
• 
First to open 1927 in Dallas Opened: 7 AM to 11 PM First, 24-­‐h store in Aus9n Headquarters: Dallas Over 53,000 stores Margarita Machine •  In 1971, Mariano's (in Dallas), became the home of the frozen margarita machine. •  Owner Mariano Mar9nez born in Dallas in 1944 invented the machine and transformed Tex-­‐
Mex popularity. •  Concept came to him from studying the 7-­‐Eleven (Slurpee machine. •  Bo(om leu: the original machine is now housed at the Smithsonian. 32. Braggin’ or True? What makes vodka •  Made from any starch/sugar-­‐rich plant ma(er •  Grains: generally considered superior –  Sorghum, corn, rye, wheat •  Other: potatoes, molasses, soybeans, grapes, rice, sugar beets, black-­‐eyed peas, byproducts of oil refining or wood pulp processing •  Dis9lled un9l almost pure EtOH and then cut with water •  Water: provides the unique flavors Stages of Vodka Prepara9on Burrus Mill grain elevator, Saginaw, TX James Robert Wills (1905-­‐1975) Born near Kosse, TX Died in Fort Worth, TX (1)  Wheat (Saginaw, TX: The Cargill elevator (above) “Home of Light Crust Flower” is claimed to be the largest grain storage facility in the world!), (2)  Yeast fermenta9on; gravity separa9on (3)  Filtra9on (4)  First dis9lla9on (vodka) Number varies from 3-­‐20 Volume is NOT conserved! Sal9ng out of ethanol with potassium carbonate, K2CO3. (Blue food coloring added to enhance the ethanol layer on top.) Russian Vodka Texas Vodkas Father of the periodic table: Dmitri Mendeleév Research: standardizing vodka Terva from Jyävskylä, Finland (2014) Profiling Texas Vodka Vodka is controlled by law at 40% EtOH and 60% water, so why is any vodka different from any other? It all depends on the star9ng material! Ice Cream Dairy Capital of Texas: Sulphur Springs •  Blue Bell opened in 1907 in Brenham –  One of the top three best selling ice cream in the country •  Beth Marie’s on the town square in Denton –  Old Fashioned Ice Cream Parlor (founded 1998) –  Turtle Torture (recommended!) Washington Co. State of Texas Facts What is the State’s Flower? State Flower: Bluebonnet What is the State’s Fiber & Fabric? State Fiber & Fabric: Co(on What is the State’s Tartan? State Tartan: Texas Bluebonnet What is the State’s Shrub? State Shrub: Crape Myrtle What is the State’s Na9ve Shrub? State Na9ve Shrub: Purple Sage What is the State’s Water Lily? State Water Lily: Nymphaea (Texas Dawn) Adopted June 17, 2011. What is the State’s Tree? State Tree: Pecan What is the State’s Nut? State Nut: Pecan What is the State’s Dinosaur? State Dinosaur: Brachiosaur Sauropod Pleurocoelus Visit Dinosaur Valley State Park, Glen Rose. What is the State’s Bird? State Bird: Mockingbird What is the State’s Horse? State Horse: American Quarter Horse Equus caballus adopted June 19, 2009. What is the State’s Large Mammal? State Large Mammal: Longhorn Bevo, mascot for
The University of Texas at Austin What is the State’s Dog? State Dog Breed: Blue Lacy The Blue Lacy herds and hunts with the speed of a greyhound, the nose of a scent-hound, with a little dash of coyote thrown in for
good measure. Bred by brothers Harry, George, Ewin and Frank Lacy in 1858, the breed was a fixture on Texas farms and
ranches for years.
What is the State’s Small Mammal? State Small Mammal: Armadillo Armadillo Races: ChemEd 07 What is the State’s Flying Mammal? State Flying Mammal: Mexican Free-­‐tailed Bat More species of bats live in Texas than in
any other part of the U.S..
What is the State’s Sea Turtle? State Sea Turtle: Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) Rarest of sea turtles. Endangered, Listed 12/02/1970. Adopted 2013. What is the State’s Rep9le? State Rep9le: Horned Lizard “Horny Toad” What is the State’s Fish? State Fish: Guadalupe Bass What is the State’s Saltwater Fish? State Saltwater Fish: Red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Redfish adopted 2011. What is the State’s Insect? State Insect: Monarch Bu(erfly Migrate through Texas, but don’t live here. What is the State’s Grass? State Grass: Sideoats Grama What is the State’s Plant? State Plant: Prickly Pear Cactus What is the State’s Non-­‐na9ve Pepper? State Non-­‐na9ve Pepper: Jalapeño What is the State’s Na9ve Pepper? State Na9ve Pepper: Chiltepin What is the State’s Vegetable? State Vegetable: Sweet Onion Planted October 15th What is the State’s Fruit? State Fruit: Red Grapefruit What is the State’s Dish? State Dish: Chili A Texas original since the 1800s! What is the State’s Bread? State Bread: Cowboy bread What is the State’s Pie? State Pie: Pecan What is the State’s Snack? State Snack: Chips and Salsa What is the State’s Cooking Implement? State Cooking Implement: Dutch Oven What is the State’s Seashell? State Seashell: Lightning whelk What is the State’s Stone? State Stone: Petrified Palm Wood •  Rough petrified palm wood •  Polished palm wood What is the State’s Gemstone? State Gemstone: Topaz What is the State’s Molecule? State Molecule: Buckminsterfullerene C60 Buckyball What is the State’s Poem? State Epic Poem: •  By 20th century poet and journalist John Worth Cloud •  “The Legend of Old Stone Ranch.” What is the State’s Play? Official State Plays: •  Fort Griffin Fandangle –  Texas Oldest Outdoor Musical –  Adopted June 6, 1979 •  Historical outdoor drama “The Lone Star” –  by Pulitzer Prize-­‐winning drama9st Paul Green What is the State’s Musical Instrument? State Musical Instrument: Guitar What is the State’s Music? State Music: 2011 Texas State University is home to the Texas Western Swing Hall of Fame Collec2on) What is the State’s Folk Dance? State Folk Dance: Square Dance What is the State’s Individual Sport? State Individual Sport:
Rodeo
The Rodeo was named the official sport of
Texas by the 75th Legislature in 1997.
The first rodeo in history was held in
Pecos on July 4, 1881.
What is the State’s Team Sport? State’s Team Sport: American Football Houston Texans Dallas Cowboys What is the State’s Tall Ship? State Tall Ship: Elissa 19-­‐sailed Sco€sh ship that dates back to the late 19th century. Housed in the port of Galveston. What is the State’s Ship? State Ship: Ba(leship USS Texas What is the State’s Vehicle? State Vehicle: Chuckwagon Records We’re Number 1! Record Texas possesses three of the top ten
most populous cities in the United
States. These towns are Houston,
Dallas, and San Antonio.
Dallas Houston San Antonio Record Texas has more churches
than any state in the U.S.
with over 17,000!
St. Lukes on the Lake Episcopal
Church, Austin’s Lake Travis
LAKEWOOD CHURCH Houston, TX Pastor: Joel Osteen #1 -­‐ ATTENDANCE: 43,500 #1 mega-­‐church Record World’s 3rd largest and
the world’s largest
working fire hydrant can
be found in Beaumont. Beaumont Record The Aransas
Wildlife Refuge is
the winter home
of North America's
only remaining
flock of whooping
cranes. Port Aransas Record The Tyler Municipal Rose
Garden is the world's
largest rose garden:
Rose Capital of the Nation.
It contains 38,000 rose
bushes representing 500
varieties of roses set in a
22-acre garden.
Tyler Rose Garden Smith Co. Yellow Rose Texas Trivia Kingsville •  The state's cattle population is
estimated to be near 16 million.
•  Santa Gertrudis developed on King
Ranch to function in hot, humid, and
unfavorable environments.
–  The King Ranch is larger than the
state of Rhode Island.
•  Developed by crossing Indian
Brahman cattle with British
Shorthorns.
•  In 1940, Santa Gertrudis was
recognized by the U.S. Department
of Agriculture as the first beef breed
developed in the United States.
•  Even today Santa Gertrudis are
referred to as America's original
beef breed.
World’s Largest Teapot Grimes Co. Martha’s Bloomers, Navasota: larger than 14 u in height and 14 u diameter (West VA.) Texas Trivia Pecos •  The first rodeo in
history took place on
July 4, 1881 in Pecos.
Texas Trivia •  Texas ranks number one in the
U.S. in production of oil, natural
gas, cattle, sheep, wool, rice,
watermelon, and cotton.
Spindletop, 1901
Cotton Ewe and lamb Watermelon Texas Trivia Caddo Lake is the
only natural lake in
the state of Texas.
Beaver! Texas Trivia •  Texas is one of the top
producers of forest
products in the U.S., with
the second most forested
acreage in the southern
part of the U.S..
Creek running through the
Piney Woods of northeast
Texas. Texas Trivia •  The first suspension bridge
in the U.S. was the Waco
Bridge. Built in 1870 and
still in use today as a
pedestrian crossing of the
Brazos River.
Waco Texas Trivia •  The Flagship Hotel on
Seawall Boulevard in
Galveston is the only hotel
in North America built
entirely over the water.
•  Severely damaged in 2008
by Hurricane Ike resulting in
its closure.
Galveston Texas Trivia •  NASA’s Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory •  Largest indoor body of water in the world •  Size –  6.2 million gallons of water at a constant 86 °F –  measures 202 feet long, 101 feet wide, and 40 feet deep, extending 20 feet down from the elevated deck and then an addi9onal 20 feet below the floor level •  Astronauts prac9ce for spacewalk missions at the Interna9onal Space Sta9on (ISS) Texas Trivia •  Texas ranks first in the
U.S. in highway
mileage, with over
70,000 miles
(112,650,000 meters)!
•  Interstate Highway
System
–  covers 3,233.4 miles (5,203.7 km) •  Federal-­‐Aid Highway Act of 1956, popularly known as the Na@onal Interstate and Defense Highways Act (Public Law 84-­‐627), was enacted on June 29, 1956 under President Eisenhower.
Texas Trivia •  The largest military base
in the world, Fort Hood,
is located in Killeen in
central Texas.
Fort Hood Texas Trivia •  Texas leads the
U.S. in the sale of
pick-up trucks.
Texas Trivia
Central Texas = Silicon Valley of the South
Home to Dell computers
The A5 chips (2011) in Apple iPhones and iPads are made in Aus9n. Texas Trivia •  Half Price Books: largest family-­‐owned chain of new and used bookstores in the U.S. •  Founded 1972 •  First store, inside a laundromat on Northwest Highway in Dallas 33. Braggin’ or True? Need to Improve List • 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
— Number of execu9ons (1st) — Public school enrollment (2nd) — Percent of uninsured children (1st) — Percent of children living in poverty (4th) — Percent of popula9on uninsured (1st) — Percent of popula9on living below poverty (4th) — Percent of popula9on with food insecurity (2nd) — Overall birth rate (2nd) — Amount of carbon dioxide emissions (1st) — Amount of toxic chemicals released into water (1st) — Amount of hazardous waste generated (1st) "Texas ranks: #1 in worker deaths, #1 carbon emissions, #50 in high school graduates, #50 in funding for mental health pa9ents." We’re #1 in USA!
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
Production of oil
Production of natural gas
Cattle
Sheep
Wool
Rice
Watermelon
Cotton
Spindletop, 1901
Cotton Ewe and lamb Watermelon Top 10 Oil Producer Reasons why Texas Economy is Growing Rising oil prices Government growth Military spending No housing bubble (made recession less) •  Cheap immigrant labor • 
• 
• 
• 
•  A young, consumer-­‐
oriented popula9on •  High-­‐tech industries •  Fracking •  Texas exports •  Drug trafficking Texas has done so well economically, that in October 2013 TIME Magazine declared Texas was the country’s future. Texas Much Stronger Than Nation
• In 2008, Texas was home to 113, Fortune 1000 members
3 in the Top 10!
Irving: ExxonMobil (#2)
Houston: ConocoPhillips (#5)
San Antonio: AT&T (#10)
• In 2012, Texas was home to 52, Fortune 500 companies
Also: Valero Energy, San Antonio (#16); Dell, Round Rock (#34); Houston:
Marathon Oil (#36); Pilgrim’s Pride, Pittsburg (#38); AMR, Ft. Worth
(#109); Electron Data Systems, Plano (#115); J.C. Penney, Plano (#126);
Kimberly-Clark, Irving (#136); Fluor, Irving (#148); Burlington Northern
Santa Fe, Ft. Worth (#160); Centex, Dallas (#177); Texas Instruments, Dallas
(#185); Southwest Airlines, Dallas (#267); Energy Future Holdings, Dallas
(#317); Celanese, Dallas (#367); Atmos Energy, Dallas (#416); Affiliated
Computer Services, Dallas (#423); XTO Energy, Ft. Worth (#436);
RadioShack, Ft. Worth (#531); Crosstex Energy, Dallas (#565); Trinity
Industries, Dallas (#569); and…Sally Beauty Holdings, Denton (#769) to
name a few!
Fortune 500 Companies in Texas DFW Jobs 2014 •  The Dallas-­‐Fort Worth area added 134,000 jobs – more than any where else in the country! Job Growth in Texas Top 6 U.S Ci9es for Jobs Dominated by Texas! • 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
Dallas Houston Aus9n Fort Worth Sea(le, Washington San Antonio • 
• 
Texas Rules! Abundance of natural resources: oil, gas, wind, solar, farm land, and Texas music! Since oil was discovered (Spindle Top), the state's economy has reflected the state of the petroleum industry –  More stored oil and gas than any other state (800,000,000 barrels of oil and gas stored) –  Texans consumes the most energy in the na9on per capita and as a whole • 
Texas also leads in natural gas produc9on, producing ¼ of the na9on's supply –  Texas emits far more greenhouse gases than any other state • 
• 
• 
Highest solar power poten9al for development in the na9on Roscoe Wind Farm in Roscoe is the world’s largest wind farm: 782.5 MW capacity State’s largest agriculture and forestry industries –  give us enormous amount biomass for biofuels • 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
DFW has most shopping malls per capita of any American metropolitan area Large popula9on (thriving ci9es of Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston, San Antonio) In 2010 GNP of $1207 trillion, 2nd highest in U.S. (comparable to Canada and India) Leading centers of higher educa9on: Rice, UT Aus9n, Texas A&M, U of Houston In 2010, Site Selec2on Magazine ranked Texas as the most business-­‐friendly state in the na9on Second-­‐largest popula9on of millionaires in the na9on –  In 2010, there were 346,000 millionaires in Texas We’re #14! Gross Domes@c Product The Future Texas Path for 2024 Solar Eclipse Solar Eclipse April 8, 2024 For daylight savings Central 9me subtract 5-­‐h. Mega Engineering: Climate Change Proposal Houston’s Problems • 
• 
• 
• 
Large popula9on: 2.2 million residents Excessive Heat Cost of electricity Producer of greenhouse gases –  Cars –  Refineries •  Killer hurricanes (storm surge flooding) Houston Ship Channel •  1987: Na9onal Civil Engineering Landmark •  Carved from Buffalo Bayou and Galveston Bay •  50 miles long and 45 feet deep Worst industrial accident in U.S. history: April 16, 1947 •  Fer9lizer explosion (2,300 tons of ammonium nitrate) killed 581 people and 3,500 injured. –  Under normal handling condi9ons, ammonium nitrate is not harmful. •  Fer9lizer being loaded onto freighter SS Grandcamp at a pier in Texas City •  Ammonium nitrate uses –  Explosive (U.S. Army in World War II) –  Fer9lizer –  Cold packs ammonium nitrate •  By 9 AM, flames erupted from the hold and within minutes it exploded •  Heard 150 miles away; felt in Denver, CO •  SS High Flyer, in dock for repairs, tried to tow –  Carrying ammonium nitrate –  Ignited by the first explosion 1.5-­‐ton Grandcamp’s Anchor; thrown 2 miles. Galveston Hurricane 1900 •  August 27– September 12, 1900 (Landfall, 8th) •  Deadliest natural disaster in North American history (6,000 to 12,000 fatali9es) •  Category 4 storm on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale –  Es9mated winds of 145 miles per hour at landfall Solu9on: Dome Over Houston It’s Texas: Bigger is Be(er! •  Eden Project –  Buckminster Fuller designer/architect (visionary from the 1960s) –  Massive ring to anchor (3.1 miles around), 1500 u. tall •  Hundreds of repea9ng hexagons with tetrahedrons ju€ng out at corners •  Not stable un9l finished! •  ETFE: Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene –  Fluorine based plas9c –  Designed to have high corrosion resistance and strength over a wide temperature range. –  Transparent and light weight (99% lighter than glass) –  Easily manufactured Houston’s Geodesic Dome Domes have actually been built in the UK. Advantages •  Can protect city from 180 mph winds, fire and water damage •  More efficient way to keep residents confortable than using air condi9oning for cars and buildings •  Economic benefits –  Removes or greatly reduce the need or cost for individual hurricane and weather insurance –  Shius the costs for air condi9oning and temperature control of buildings –  Reduces/shius environmental damage from structures under the dome to the dome Let’s Review 29. Braggin’ or True? 30. Braggin’ or True? 31. Braggin’ or True? 32. Braggin’ or True? 33. Braggin’ or True? h(ps://itunes.apple.com/us/book/lone-­‐star-­‐chemistry-­‐solu9ons/id635036317?mt=11 Texas Facts •  Original name: Tejas –  “those who are friends” •  Nickname –  Lone Star State State Seal •  Mo(o –  Friendship •  Slogan –  State of Hospitality Coat of Arms TEXAS, OUR TEXAS •  Official state song, adopted by Legislature in 1929 –  Selected in a statewide compe99on –  Composed by William J. Marsh of Fort Worth –  Lyrics wri(en by Marsh and Gladys Yoakum Wright –  Music was originally wri(en in 1924 –  Alaska's statehood occurred in 1959, necessita9ng the only change that has been made in the lyrics •  Modified "largest and grandest" to "boldest and grandest" •  73rd Legislature adopted "Texas, Our Texas" as the state song in a 1993 law. Texas, Our Texas There is nothing in the world that is not chemistry, AND there’s a whole lot of chemistry in Texas! Wise men and women say, Thank you!