Symbiosis Smart Board Presentation 1/31/11

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Symbiosis
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What is symbiosis?
The act of living together.
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Symbiosis
What it means: • Two organisms that live together
• Temporarily or for a longer time
• At least one of the organisms benefits from the relationship
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What are the different kinds of symbiosis?
Commensalism
Mutualism
one organism both organisms benefits
benefit
one organism is unaffected
Parasitism
one organism benefits
one organism is harmed
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Mutualism
Organism One Organism Two
+
+
You Win
I Win
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Commensalism
Organism One Organism Two
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0
You Don't Care
I Win
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Parasitism
Organism One Organism Two
­
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You Lose
I Win
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Acacia Plant & Ants
parasitism
The ants lay eggs on acacia tree so they get a nice safe place for their eggs. The acacia covers the infected area with brown flesh (called a gall.) The plant has to use valuable resources to create the gall.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Anemone & Anemone Fish
This fish lives its entire adult life among the tentacles of a bulb­ tentacle sea anemone. Anemone fish do not get stung by the anemone as would most other fish so they get protection from predators. The fish often drop food scraps which the anemones can eat.
mutualism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Boxer Crab & Anemones
This Boxer Crab carries a pair of stinging anemones in its claws, which it uses to defend itself from predators. The anemones get to move around which increases their food supply.
mutualism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Shark & Remora
commensalism
The remora attaches itself to the shark and saves energy since it doesn’t have to swim, and it gets to snack on the shark's kills. The shark doesn’t get anything from the remora.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Emperor Shrimp & Sea Cucumber
This tiny emperor shrimp is
riding along on the back of a
sea cucumber (a long worm‐
like starfish relative) while it
crawls along a sandy bottom.
The shrimp gets to travel
around under the protection
of its much larger partner,
and the sea cucumber
doesn't seem to mind.
commensalism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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The orchid is a type of plant that anchors itself to other plants or trees to grow. It has a greater chance of survival high in the tree canopy where it has better access to sunlight and water. The tree gets no benefit.
What type of symbiosis?
commensalism
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clip 2 unlikely travel companions.mov
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The Shark and Barber fish have a great relationship. The barber fish grooms the shark and at the same time get a free meal.
What type of relationship?
mutualism
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Shark and Mackeral
commensalism
The mackeral bump against the shark to rid themselves of parasites. What type of relationship?
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Moray Eel & Cleaner Fish
This moray eel has a small fish cleaning between its teeth. The eel gets a clean mouth while the cleaner fish gets a nice meal.
mutualism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Crocodile and Plover
mutualism
When a croc opens its mouth, the plover hops right in. The croc does not snap its snout shut. Instead, it lets the plover eat small, harmful animals attached to the crocodile's teeth. The plover gets an easy meal. The croc gets clean teeth.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Cattle & Cattle Egrets
As these cattle walk around eating grass they stir up lots of insects. The egrets hang around and get a yummy meal of insects.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
commensalism
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Antelope & Ox Bird
This ox bird hangs out on the antelope and gets a delicious meal of bugs living on the antelope. The antelope gets rid of parasites. What symbiotic relationship is this?
mutualism
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Wrasse & Batfish
Can you see the two cleaner wrasses are removing parasites from a batfish? One of the wrasses has entered the gill slit of the batfish, and may even enter its
wrasse
mouth in search of food. The batfish gets a bath and the wrasse gets a meal.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
mutualism
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A female mosquito bites a human to get blood.
Proteins in the blood are necessary to produce fertile eggs. The human gets an itchy bump on the skin.
What type of symbiosis is this?
parasitism
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Legumes and nitrogen­fixing bacteria
Bacteria in the root nodules of legumes fix the nitrogen the legumes need to grow. The plant supplies the bacteria with food (carbohydrates).
nodules
What type of symbiotic relationship?
mutualism
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Hummingbird Moth & Flower
mutualism
This hummingbird moth is drinking the nectar of a flower. The flower gets pollinated (the moth brings pollen from other flowers) and the moth gets a tasty meal.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Mutualism
Assignment
Construct a foldable following the example.
+ +
Outside Front
I Win
You Win
Commensalism
+ 0
I Win
You don't
care
Parasitism
+ ­
I Win
You Lose
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Draw and label an example of mutualism.
croc
plover
Draw and label an example of parasitism.
Draw and label an example of commensalism.
Describe the relationship and label with the appropriate symbols.
Describe the relationship and label with the appropriate symbols.
Describe the relationship and label with the appropriate symbols.
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Inside
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Attachments
clip 2 unlikely travel companions.mov