Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Transcription

20
15
Intermediate Energy Infobook
Activities
A companion guide to the Intermediate Energy Infobook that includes activities to reinforce general energy
information, energy sources, electricity, and conservation.
e
Grade Level:
Pri
Ele
Int
Intermediate
Sec
Subject Areas:
Science
Language Arts
Social Studies
-20
16
NEED Mission Statement
Teacher Advisory Board
Shelly Baumann
Rockford, MI
Barbara Lazar
Albuquerque, NM
Constance Beatty
Kankakee, IL
Robert Lazar
Albuquerque, NM
Amy Constant
Raleigh, NC
Leslie Lively
Porters Falls, WV
Nina Corley
Galveston, TX
Mollie Mukhamedov
Port St. Lucie, FL
Regina Donour
Whitesburg, KY
Don Pruett Jr.
Sumner, WA
Linda Fonner
New Martinsville, WV
Josh Rubin
Palo Alto, CA
Samantha Forbes
Vienna, VA
Joanne Spaziano
Cranston, RI
Michelle Garlick
Gina Spencer
Virginia Beach, VA
Robert Griegoliet
Naperville, IL
Tom Spencer
Chesapeake, VA
Viola Henry
Thaxton, VA
Jennifer Trochez
MacLean
Los Angeles, CA
Bob Hodash
DaNel Hogan
Tucson, AZ
Greg Holman
Paradise, CA
Linda Hutton
Kitty Hawk, NC
Matthew Inman
Spokane, WA
The mission of The NEED Project is to promote an energy
conscious and educated society by creating effective
networks of students, educators, business, government and
community leaders to design and deliver objective, multisided energy education programs.
Teacher Advisory Board Statement
In support of NEED, the national Teacher Advisory Board
(TAB) is dedicated to developing and promoting standardsbased energy curriculum and training.
Permission to Copy
NEED materials may be reproduced for non-commercial
educational purposes.
Energy Data Used in NEED Materials
NEED believes in providing the most recently reported
energy data available to our teachers and students.
Most statistics and data are derived from the U.S. Energy
Information Administration’s Annual Energy Review that
is published yearly. Working in partnership with EIA,
NEED includes easy to understand data in our curriculum
materials. To do further research, visit the EIA website at
www.eia.gov. EIA’s Energy Kids site has great lessons and
activities for students at www.eia.gov/kids.
Joanne Trombley
West Chester, PA
Jen Varrella
Fort Collins, CO
Jennifer Winterbottom
Pottstown, PA
Carolyn Wuest
Pensacola, FL
Wayne Yonkelowitz
Fayetteville, WV
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© 2015
Printed on Recycled Paper
2
Intermediate Energy
Infobook Activities
Table of Contents
Standards Correlation Information
4
NEED Curriculum Resources
Teacher Guide
5
For more in-depth information,
inquiry investigations, and engaging
activities, download these curriculum
resources from www.NEED.org:
Renewable Energy Bingo Instructions
6
Critical Thinking Questions
8
Forms of Energy
9
Intermediate Science of Energy
Intermediate Energy Infobook
Energy Flows
Sources of Energy Worksheets
10
Sources of Energy Crosswords
15
Renewables and Nonrenewables
25
How We Use Our Energy Sources
26
The Water Cycle
27
Electricity28
Electricity Crossword
29
Famous Names in Electricity
30
Electric Math
30
Transporting Electricity
31
Measuring Electricity
32
Renewable Energy Bingo
33
Answer Keys
34
Evaluation Form
53
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© 2015 The NEED Project
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Standards Correlation Information
www.NEED.org/curriculumcorrelations
Next Generation Science Standards
This guide effectively supports many Next Generation Science Standards. This material can satisfy performance expectations,
science and engineering practices, disciplinary core ideas, and cross cutting concepts within your required curriculum. For more
details on these correlations, please visit NEED’s curriculum correlations website.
Common Core State Standards
This guide has been correlated to the Common Core State Standards in both language arts and mathematics. These correlations
are broken down by grade level and guide title, and can be downloaded as a spreadsheet from the NEED curriculum correlations
website.
Individual State Science Standards
This guide has been correlated to each state’s individual science standards. These correlations are broken down by grade level
and guide title, and can be downloaded as a spreadsheet from the NEED website.
4
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Teacher Guide
&Background
Grade Level
Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities is a series of student worksheets designed to reinforce the
vocabulary and concepts in the Intermediate Energy Infobook. You can download the Intermediate
Energy Infobook or specific energy fact sheets from www.NEED.org.
2Preparation
Decide

which fact sheets and worksheets you will use with your class.
Obtain

a class set of Intermediate Energy Infobooks or make copies of the fact sheets you plan to
use.
Make

copies of the student worksheets you plan to use from this guide.
Procedure
1.Distribute one Intermediate Energy Infobook or the selected fact sheets to each student. Also
pass out the worksheets you want them to complete.
2.Have the students read the selected fact sheets. Discuss the concepts and new vocabulary in
the fact sheets.
3.Have the students complete the selected worksheets. These worksheets reinforce and synthesize
the information in the Intermediate Energy Infobook. Worksheets include:
Forms

of Energy, page 9
Sources

of energy worksheets, pages 10–27
Electricity

worksheets, pages 28–32
4. Critical Thinking Questions are included on page 8. You may choose to use any or all questions
with your students for discussion or writing integration.
5.Answer keys for activities can be found on pages 34-51.
Intermediate,

grades 6-8
Time
Approximately 30–45 minutes
for the students to read each
selected fact sheet and complete
the worksheets.
 Additional Resources
The Intermediate Energy Infobook
can be downloaded as an
e-publication for easy use on
tablets or interactive boards.
Energy in the Balance contains
charting and graphing activities to
further reinforce the information
in the infobooks. Many other
NEED activities also reinforce
and synthesize the information
in the infobooks, such as Energy
Jeopardy, Great Energy Debate,
Energy on Stage, Energy Rock
Performances, Energy Expos, and
Energy Carnival.
6.As an extension, play Renewable Energy Bingo as a class. Instructions can be found on page 6 and
the student worksheet can be found on page 33.
7.Use the Evaluation Form on page 53 to evaluate the activities.
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Renewable Energy BINGO Instructions
Renewable Energy Bingo is a
great icebreaker for a NEED
workshop or conference. As
a classroom activity, it also
makes a great introduction to
an energy unit.
Get Ready
2Preparation
Pass out one Renewable Energy Bingo sheet to each member of the group.
5
minutes
 Time
45
minutes
Bingos are available on
several different topics.
Check out these resources for
more bingo options!
Energy

Bingo—Energy Games
and Icebreakers
Science

of Energy Bingo—
Science of Energy guides
Transportation

Bingo— Transportation Fuels Infobooks
Marine

Renewable Energy
Bingo—Ocean Energy
Wind

Energy Bingo—Wind
guides
Biomass

Bingo—Energy Stories
and More
Hydrogen

Bingo—H2 Educate
Solar

Bingo—Solar guides
Hydropower

Bingo—
Hydropower guides
Change

a Light Bingo—Energy
Conservation Contract
Energy

Efficiency Bingo—
Monitoring and Mentoring and
Learning and Conserving
Nuclear

Energy Bingo—
Nuclear guides
Oil
and Gas Bingo—Oil and Gas
guides
Duplicate as many Renewable Energy Bingo sheets (found on page 33) as needed for each person in
your group. In addition, decide now if you want to give the winner of your game a prize and what
the prize will be.
Get Set
Go
PART ONE: FILLING IN THE BINGO SHEETS
Give the group the following instructions to create bingo cards:
This

bingo activity is very similar to regular bingo. However, there are a few things you’ll need to
know to play this game. First, please take a minute to look at your bingo sheet and read the 16
statements at the top of the page. Shortly, you’ll be going around the room trying to find 16 people
about whom the statements are true so you can write their names in one of the 16 boxes.
When

I give you the signal, you’ll get up and ask a person if a statement at the top of your bingo
sheet is true for them. If the person gives what you believe is a correct response, write the person’s
name in the corresponding box on the lower part of the page. For example, if you ask a person question “D” and he or she gives you what you think is a correct response, then go ahead and write the
person’s name in box D. A correct response is important because later on, if you get bingo, that person will be asked to answer the question correctly in front of the group. If he or she can’t answer the
question correctly, then you lose bingo. So, if someone gives you an incorrect answer, ask someone
else! Don’t use your name for one of the boxes or use the same person’s name twice.
Try
to fill all 16 boxes in the next 20 minutes. This will increase your chances of winning. After the 20
minutes are up, please sit down and I will begin asking players to stand up and give their names. Are
there any questions? You’ll now have 20 minutes. Go!
During

the next 20 minutes, move around the room to assist the players. Every five minutes or so
tell the players how many minutes are remaining in the game. Give the players a warning when just
a minute or two remains. When the 20 minutes are up, stop the players and ask them to be seated.
PART TWO: PLAYING BINGO
Give the class the following instructions to play the game:
When

I point to you, please stand up and in a LOUD and CLEAR voice give us your name. Now, if
anyone has the name of the person I call on, put a big “X” in the box with that person’s name. When
you get four names in a row—across, down, or diagonally—shout “Bingo!” Then I’ll ask you to come
up front to verify your results.
Let’s

start off with you (point to a player in the group). Please stand and give us your name. (Player
gives name. Let’s say the player’s name was “Joe.”) Okay, players, if any of you have Joe’s name in one
of your boxes, go ahead and put an “X” through that box.
When

the first player shouts “Bingo,” ask him (or her) to come to the front of the room. Ask him to
give his name. Then ask him to tell the group how his bingo run was made, e.g., down from A to M,
across from E to H, and so on.
Offshore

Oil and Gas Bingo—
Ocean Energy
6
Now

you need to verify the winner’s results. Ask the bingo winner to call out the first person’s
name on his bingo run. That player then stands and the bingo winner asks him the question
which he previously answered during the 20-minute session. For example, if the statement was
“can name at least three renewable energy sources,” the player must now name three sources. If
he can answer the question correctly, the bingo winner calls out the next person’s name on his
bingo run. However, if he does not answer the question correctly, the bingo winner does not
have bingo after all and must sit down with the rest of the players. You should continue to point
to players until another person yells “Energy Bingo.”
RENEWABLE ENERGY BINGO
ANSWERS
A. Has been to a renewable power
plant
B. Knows which state generates the
most geothermal energy
C. Can name at least three
renewable energy sources
D. Knows the percentage of
electricity produced by renewable
sources in the U.S.
E. Can name two types of
biomass
F. Knows the source of energy that
drives the water cycle
G. Can name two factors to consider
when siting a wind farm
H. Has used a solar clothes
dryer
I.
J.
K. Knows the renewable source that
produces the most electricity in
the U.S.
L. Knows the cost per kilowatthour of electricity for residential
customers
O. Has used wind energy for
transportation
P. Can name the device in a
hydropower plant that captures
the energy of flowing water
Has seen a modern wind
turbine
Knows the renewable source
that produces the most energy
in the U.S.
M. Knows how radiant energy travels N. Can name two kinds of
through space
hydropower
A
B
waste-to-energy, solar
thermal, solar PV, hydropower
plant
C
California
E
F
wood, crops, manure, garbage,
landfill gas, alcohol fuels,
ethanol, and biodiesel
Solar energy drives the water
cycle
I
J
ask for location/description
M
G
Wind speed, environmental
impact, ability to transport
electricity to population
centers, etc.
pumped storage or run of river
hydroelectric power plant, tidal
power, wave power, ocean
thermal energy conservation
Anyone who has hung clothes
to dry outside
L
hydropower
biomass
13%
H
K
N
in electromagnetic waves (or
transverse waves)
D
solar
hydropower
wind
geothermal
biomass
O
The national average is
$0.12 per kWh for residential
customers
P
sailboat
sailboard
etc.
A turbine captures the energy
of flowing water.
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Critical Thinking Questions
1. Explain five transfers of energy that are happening right now in your classroom.
2. Write a persuasive letter to a town council about the advantages and disadvantages of a new landfill.
3. Do you think people mining for coal should have to use reclamation on the land? Why or why not?
4. Rank the layers of the Earth in order of importance. Give reasons why you ranked them in that order.
5. Write one paragraph for each side of a debate between an environmentalist who is worried about the
construction of a hydropower plant and the plant owner.
6. Compare how sectors use natural gas to how they use other sources. What does natural gas have in common with
other sources? What is unique about it? What generalizations can you make about natural gas after looking at the
data?
7. Fleet vehicles and machinery that are used indoors are often powered by propane. Why do you think these
vehicles (more than others) are likely to use propane instead of petroleum?
8. Describe one benefit and one challenge of U.S. petroleum consumption.
9. Many energy sources can be dangerous if not captured, used, or contained properly. Make a list of problems that
can arise through the use of uranium and solutions that can be used to prevent the problems from occurring.
10. If a 10-turbine wind farm was going to be placed somewhere in your community and its surroundings, where do
you think the ideal site would be? Explain the reason you picked that site. Also include five sites you considered
but rejected and the reasons why you rejected them.
11. Summarize what the chart on page 25, Renewables and Nonrenewables, shows you about our use of renewable
and nonrenewable resources.
12. Add another five words that have to do with electricity to the electricity crossword. They need to appropriately
connect to the current puzzle. Write clues that would help someone figure out your words.
13. When we flip a switch, our lights go on. When we plug something in, and turn it on, it works. We don’t think about
where this energy, electricity, comes from. Pretend you are a spark of electricity. Explain your journey from an
energy resource to your video game system.
8
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Forms of Energy
Fill in the blanks with the words at the bottom of the page. Some words will be used more than once. Use the
word that best completes the sentence.
1. Stored energy and the energy of position are _____________________________ energy.
2. Compressed springs and stretched rubber bands are examples of _____________________________ energy.
3. The vibration and movement of the atoms and molecules within substances is called
_____________________________ energy.
4. The scientific rule that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed is called the Law of
_____________________________.
5. The movement of energy through substances in longitudinal waves is _____________________________ energy.
6. The energy of position—such as a rock on a hill—is _____________________________ energy.
7. The movement of objects and substances from place to place is _____________________________ energy.
8. Electromagnetic energy traveling in transverse waves is _____________________________ energy.
9. Energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules is _____________________________ energy.
10. The movement of atoms, molecules, waves, and electrons is _____________________________ energy.
11. The movement of electrons is _____________________________ energy.
12. The amount of useful energy you get from a system is its _____________________________.
13. The energy in petroleum and coal is stored as _____________________________ energy.
14. X-rays are an example of _____________________________ energy.
15. Fission and fusion are examples of _____________________________ energy.
16. A hydropower reservoir is an example of _____________________________ energy.
17. Wind is an example of the energy of _____________________________.
Word Bank
chemical

Conservation

of Energy
elastic

electrical

energy

efficiency
gravitational

potential
kinetic

motion

nuclear

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potential

radiant

sound

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thermal

9
Biomass
Description of biomass:
Renewable or nonrenewable:
Description of photosynthesis:
Ways we turn biomass into energy we can use:
Who uses biomass and for what purposes:
Effect of using biomass on the environment:
Important facts about biomass:
Coal
Description of coal:
Where coal is located and how we recover it:
Ways we turn coal into energy we can use:
Who uses coal and for what purposes:
Effect of using coal on the environment:
Important facts about coal:
10
Geothermal
Description of geothermal energy:
Where geothermal resources are located and how we recover them:
Ways we turn geothermal energy into energy we can use:
Who uses geothermal energy and for what purposes:
Effect of using geothermal energy on the environment:
Important facts about geothermal energy:
Hydropower
Description of hydropower:
Description of the water cycle:
Ways we turn hydropower into energy we can use:
Who uses hydropower and for what purposes:
Effect of using hydropower on the environment:
Important facts about hydropower:
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Natural Gas
Description of natural gas:
Where natural gas is located and how we recover it:
Ways we turn natural gas into energy we can use:
Who uses natural gas and for what purposes:
Effect of using natural gas on the environment:
Important facts about natural gas:
Petroleum
Description of petroleum:
Where petroleum is located and how we recover it:
Ways we turn petroleum into energy we can use:
Who uses petroleum and for what purposes:
Effect of using petroleum on the environment:
Important facts about petroleum:
12
Propane
Description of propane:
Where propane is located and how we recover it:
Ways we turn propane into energy we can use:
Who uses propane and for what purposes:
Effect of using propane on the environment:
Important facts about propane:
Solar
Description of solar energy:
How solar energy is produced:
Ways we turn solar energy into energy we can use:
Who uses solar energy and for what purposes:
Effect of using solar energy on the environment:
Important facts about solar energy:
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Uranium (Nuclear)
Description of uranium:
Where uranium is located and how we recover it:
Ways we turn uranium into energy we can use:
Who uses uranium (nuclear energy) and for what purposes:
Effect of using uranium (nuclear energy) on the environment:
Important facts about uranium (nuclear energy):
Wind
Description of wind energy:
Where wind energy is located and how we recover it:
Ways we turn wind into energy we can use:
Who uses wind and for what purposes:
Effect of using wind on the environment:
Important facts about wind:
14
Biomass Crossword
Another name for a dump
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Coal Crossword
ACROSS
DOWN
1. Substances damaging to the environment
1. Electricity is made in a _____ plant
4. Number one coal producing state
2. Can’t be quickly replenished
5. Plant that cleans coal
3. How coal is removed from deep under the ground
9. Worker that takes coal from the ground
6. Main use of coal
12. Kind of fuel made from ancient plants
7. A potential impact of burning coal
15. Energy-rich mixture of carbon and hydrogen
8. Moves coal over land
16. How shallow coal is removed
10. Coal still in the ground
11. Residue of burned coal
13. Water-based coal mover
14. Where energy in coal originated
16
Geothermal Crossword
ACROSS
DOWN
1. Melted iron
1. Earth layer with magma and rock
2. Greek word for heat
3. Geothermal energy is caused by _____ decay
4. Where geothermal energy is located
5. Geothermal resource good for bathing
6. The Earth’s crust is in giant pieces called _____
8. Replenished in a short time
7. Mountain with geothermal energy
9. Greek word for Earth
11. Area of Pacific with geothermal resources
10. Produced by a geothermal plant
13. Produced by volcanoes
11. Underground geothermal pool
14. Center of the Earth
12. Prefix meaning water
15. Outer layer of the Earth
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Hydropower Crossword
ACROSS
18
DOWN
3. Force that moves water
1. Rain, snow, sleet, or hail
5. Dams can _____ energy until it’s needed
2. Giant tube in a hydropower plant
8. Moving water spins the blades of this
4. Movement of water through the atmosphere and Earth
9. Lake behind a dam
12. This energy powers the water cycle
7. Has magnets and coils of copper wire
14. Part of a dam for extra or overflow water
10. Produced by a generator
15. Dams can control these dangerous events
11. Water changing from liquid to gas
16. Prefix meaning water
13. Large structure across a river
Natural Gas Crossword
ACROSS
DOWN
3. Can’t be replenished quickly
1. Largest user of natural gas
4. Energy in natural gas originated here
2. Where natural gas is usually found
5. Main ingredient of natural gas
7. Producer of renewable methane (organic decay)
6. Device to measure natural gas usage
9. Most natural gas is burned to _____ homes and buildings
8. Strong-smelling additive to natural gas
12. Number one natural gas producing state
10. How most natural gas is moved
13. Natural gas is sometimes found with this solid fossil fuel
11. Company that sells natural gas to consumers
13. Form in which energy is stored in natural gas
14. Many _____ use natural gas for heat
15. Kind of fuel made from ancient plants and animals
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Petroleum Crossword
14
15
ACROSS
DOWN
1. Possible environmental effect of burning petroleum
2. Not replenishable in a short time
4. Economy sector that uses the most petroleum
3. Main product of petroleum refinery
7. Petroleum is distilled into _____ fuel for flight
5. These transport oil underground
8. These are dug to find oil
6. Number one petroleum producing state
9. Some of our oil is under the _____
10. Petroleum as it comes from wells
11. Plant that processes petroleum
14. We _____ about 41 percent of our petroleum from
13. We _____ wells to get petroleum
other countries
15. Structure that houses drilling equipment
20
Propane Crossword
ACROSS
DOWN
1. Propane is used for heat on _____
3. Propane state under pressure
2. Propane is an LPG -- a _____ petroleum gas
5. Propane warehouse or distribution _____
4. Local propane dealers fill their trucks at a _____
6. Propane is distributed to customers by _____
6. Propane is stored at home in _____
7. Propane is moved long distances by _____
7. Propane is a liquid under _____
10. Propane is used in ______ areas
8. People cook with propane on _____
12. Not replenishable in a short time
9. Propane in its natural state
13. Propane is easy to transport; it’s _____
11. Propane can be stored in an underground _____
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Solar Crossword
ACROSS
1. An _____ solar house has special equipment
4. Element produced in nuclear fusion in the sun’s core
5. Element transformed in nuclear fusion in the sun’s core
7. Light can convert to _____ when it is absorbed
9. Solar cell
12. Visible radiant energy
13. Direction PV cells and solar collectors should face in the U.S.
14. Form of energy meaning heat
DOWN
2. A solar _____ gathers radiant energy and turns it into
thermal energy
3. A solar collector can heat ____ for showers
6. The sun _____ or sends out energy all the time
8. PV cells convert radiant energy into _____
9. Solar houses without special equipment to collect sunlight
10. Combining nuclei of atoms
11. Prefix meaning light
15. Measure of electricity
22
Uranium Crossword
ACROSS
DOWN
2. Storage facility for spent nuclear fuel
1. Can’t make more uranium; it’s _____
3. Smallest units of elements
2. Part of a power plant where fission takes place
6. Used fuel will lose this over time
4. Center of a reactor
7. A _____ reaction keeps going on its own once started
5. Splitting of nuclei of atoms
8. Combining nuclei of atoms
9. Energy stored in nuclei of atoms
12. Metallic element used in nuclear power plants
10. Containers for uranium pellets
14. Product of nuclear power plants
11. Where a nuclear power plant stores its radioactive waste
13. Fission produces this form of energy
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Wind Crossword
ACROSS
DOWN
1. Wind turbines can produce enough _____ to power
up to 1,000 homes
2. Number of blades on most wind turbines
3. Parts of a wind turbine that capture wind energy
5. Warm air _____
9. Group of wind turbines
7. Energy source that produces wind
10. Transfers motion to the generator
8. A turbine blade _____ the speed of the wind
13. A top wind energy state
4. Device that measures wind speed
11. Device to increase speed of spinning shaft
12. Device that turns motion into electricity
14. Air over _____ heats up more slowly
15. Wind increases with _____ (elevation)
16. Wind is caused by uneven _____ of the Earth’s surface
24
e
Convert the quads into percentages and make a pie chart showing how much U.S. energy in 2013 came from
renewable sources and how much came from nonrenewable sources. Round to the nearest hundredth.
(Q = quad or quadrillion British thermal units)
Petroleum
34.368 Q= _____________ %
Natural Gas
25.954 Q= _____________ %
Coal
18.084 Q= _____________ %
Uranium
8.268 Q = _____________ %
Biomass
4.613 Q = _____________ %
Hydropower
2.561 Q = _____________ %
Propane
1.652 Q = _____________ %
Geothermal, Solar, and Wind
2.123 Q = _____________ %
Total Quad BTUs
_______ = _____________ %
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In the boxes, number the main uses of each energy source from 1 to 5, with 1 as the
most important use. Some sources may be used in only one or two ways. Once you have
completed your chart, pick one source of energy and describe how and why you ranked
the uses for each.
TRANSPORTATION
26
MAKE PRODUCTS
HEATING/COOLING
LIGHTING
MAKE ELECTRICITY
The Water Cycle
Label and describe the water cycle in the space below
following the numbers on the diagram.
The Water Cycle
1
3
4
2
2
5
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Electricity
Write the word that best describes each definition in the blank space. Use each word only once. Not all words
may be used.
1. A substance in which all atoms are identical. _____________________________
2. The center of an atom. _____________________________
3. The negatively-charged particle of an atom. _____________________________
4. The positively-charged particle of an atom. _____________________________
5. The particle in the nucleus of an atom with no charge. _____________________________
6. The smallest part of an element that keeps all of the element’s characteristics. _____________________________
7. An electrical force within an atomic particle. _____________________________
8. The areas around the nucleus where electrons are located. _____________________________
9. The force field created between the poles of a magnet. ______________________________
10. A device that does work in an electric circuit. _____________________________
11. A path through which electricity travels. _____________________________
12. An object in which the molecules are arranged so that north-seeking poles point one direction, while southseeking poles point another. _____________________________
13. How like charges or magnetic poles respond. _____________________________
14. A device with magnets and coils of wire that produces electricity. _____________________________
15. A device that produces electricity through a chemical reaction. _____________________________
Word Bank
� atom
� attract
� battery
� charge
� circuit
� electron
28
� element
� energy levels
� generator
� load
� magnet
� magnetic field
� neutron
� nucleus
� proton
� repel
� turbine
ACROSS
DOWN
1. Electricity is a _____ source of energy.
2. _____ lines send electricity over a nationwide network.
6. A _____ is the amount of energy used in one hour by ten
100-watt light bulbs.
9. Electricity is sent to a _____ that “steps up” the voltage.
10. ______ lines deliver electricity to your home.
11. In a coal-fired power plant, thirty-five percent of the fuel is
converted into electricity. This is called the _____ of the
power plant.
1.800.875.5029
1. _____ are small buildings containing transformers and
electrical equipment.
3. A _____ is a measure of the electric power an appliance
uses.
4. A _____ is found in a generator and can be spun to create
electricity.
5. _____ is the fossil fuel that makes the most electricity in
the U.S.
7. High pressure steam turns the blades of a _____.
8. A _____ houses magnets and a spinning coil of copper
wire.
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29
Famous Names in Electricity
The sentences below refer to famous scientists and inventors from the History of Electricity section of your
electricity fact sheet. Read the sentence. Next, write the last name of the scientist or inventor in the squares
and circles. Unscramble the letters in the circles to form the answer to the final statement.
1. First scientist to conduct an electric current by passing a magnet through copper wiring.
2. In 1895, he opened a power plant that used AC power.
3. Many people believe he discovered electricity with his famous lightning experiment.
4. Using salt water, zinc, and copper, he created the first electric cell.
5. He invented the light bulb and opened the first electric power plant.
6. The first electric power plant able to transport electricity over 200 miles.
Electric Math
Match the following numbers with the statements below. You will use each number only once. Write the
numbers on the lines to the left of the statements. Next, perform the mathematical operations indicated by
each statement. Write your answers on the lines to the right of the statements.
12 120 1000
1882
1879
35
1. Start with the voltage used to operate most household appliances.
2. Divide this number by the cost, in cents, of a kilowatt-hour of electricity =
__________________
3. Multiply this number by the average efficiency of a thermal power plant =
__________________
4. Add to this number the year the light bulb was invented =
__________________
5. Divide this number by the number of watts in one kilowatt =
__________________
6. Multiply this number by the year Edison started his power plant =
ANSWER
30
1. Power plant:
2
3
4
5
6
7
Explain what each of the components numbered below does to get electricity from the generator to the consumer.
1
2. Step-up transformer:
3. Transmission line:
4. Power tower:
5. Step-down transformer:
6. Distribution line:
7. Neighborhood transformer:
31
www.NEED.org
1.800.875.5029
Directions: Fill in the blanks in the tables below.
TABLE 1
VOLTAGE
=
CURRENT
X
RESISTANCE
1.5 V
=
______ A
x
3Ω
______ V
=
3A
x
4Ω
120 V
=
4A
x
______ Ω
240 V
=
______ A
x
12 Ω
POWER
=
VOLTAGE
X
CURRENT
27 W
=
9V
x
______ A
______ W
=
120 V
x
1.5 A
45 W
=
______ V
x
3A
______ W
=
120 V
x
2A
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
APPLIANCE
POWER
=
VOLTAGE
X
CURRENT
TV
180 W
=
120 V
x
______ A
COMPUTER
40 W
=
120 V
x
______ A
PRINTER
120 W
=
120 V
x
______ A
HAIR DRYER
1,000 W
=
120 V
x
______ A
TABLE 4
32
POWER
X
TIME
=
5 kW
x
100 h
=
25 kW
x
4h
1,000 W
x
1h
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
X
PRICE
=
COST
____________
x
$ 0.12
=
$ ______
=
____________
x
$ 0.12
=
$ ______
=
____________
x
$ 0.12
=
$ ______
(kWh)
RENEWABLE ENERGY BINGO
A. Has been to a renewable power
plant
B. Knows which state generates
the most geothermal energy
C. Can name at least three
renewable energy sources
D. Knows the percentage of
electricity produced by
renewable sources in the U.S.
E. Can name two types of
biomass
F. Knows the source of energy
that drives the water cycle
G. Can name two factors to
consider when siting a wind
farm
H. Has used a solar clothes
dryer
I.
J.
K. Knows the renewable source
that produces the most
electricity in the U.S.
L. Knows the cost per kilowatthour of electricity for
residential customers
O. Has used wind energy for
transportation
P. Can name the device in a
hydropower plant that captures
the energy of flowing water
ME
ME
NA
NA
E
www.NEED.org
E
NA
ME
NA
1.800.875.5029
P
NA
M
ME
E
ME
L
O
NA
ME
ME
NA
ME
NA
NA
NA
NA
H
K
N
ME
M
G
J
ME
I
D
NA
NA
NA
F
ME
E
C
ME
B
ME
A
N. Can name two kinds of
hydropower
NA
M
M. Knows how radiant energy
travels through space
Knows the renewable source
that produces the most energy
in the U.S.
NA
M
Has seen a modern wind
turbine
33
e
Answers to Critical Thinking Questions
1. Explain five transfers of energy that are happening right now in your classroom. Answers may include: electrical to sound (radio, bell, tv),
chemical to motion (food digesting in stomachs), radiant to heat (students sitting near the window feeling warm).
2. Write a persuasive letter to a town council about the advantages and disadvantages of a new landfill. Answers may include: Negative—
smell, smoke from burning garbage; Positive—cheaper power, cheaper garbage pickup.
3. Do you think people mining for coal should have to use reclamation on the land? Why or why not? Students should pick yes or no, and
explain why the land should be taken care of after it has been used for mining or why it should not.
4. Rank the layers of the Earth in order of importance. Give reasons why you ranked them in that order. Students should order the layers
(core, mantle, crust) and defend why they put them in that order.
5. Write one paragraph for each side of a debate between an environmentalist who is worried about the construction of a hydropower
plant and the plant owner. Answers may include the environmentalist being worried about flooding the area and the loss of animals and
habitat. The plant owner may state that the reservoir will provide recreational options and that fish ladders and other things can be built to
protect the wildlife. They may also mention that the area needs a cheap, clean power source, and the dam will provide that.
6. Compare how sectors use natural gas to how they use other sources. What does natural gas have in common with other sources? What
is unique about it? What generalizations can you make about natural gas after looking at the data? Answers may include that it is split
between sectors (commercial, residential, industrial, transportation, and electricity) like some other sources (biomass and petroleum). Unlike the
others, natural gas does not have a sector that dominates its resources. This could mean that natural gas is more versatile than the other sources.
7. Fleet vehicles and machinery that are used indoors are often powered by propane. Why do you think these vehicles (more than others)
are likely to use propane instead of petroleum? Answers may include that indoor vehicles don’t want any form of exhaust that would come
with a petroleum vehicle since they are trapped indoors. Fleet vehicles are able to use propane since they have set routes or a set location they
remain in. They are able to access propane filling areas. Other vehicles would have more trouble with it since there are not many propane filling
stations.
8. Describe one benefit and one challenge of U.S. petroleum consumption. Answers will vary but benefits may include that petroleum fuels our
society allowing us to travel easily, or that petroleum is an inexpensive transportation fuel compared to many alternative fuels. Challenges may
include that we consume more petroleum than we produce or that burning petroleum releases carbon dioxide.
9. Many energy sources can be dangerous if not captured, used, or contained properly. Make a list of problems that can arise through the
use of uranium and solutions that can be used to prevent the problems from occurring.
Answers may include that used fuel from a nuclear reactor is radioactive, but is stored safely on site. A nuclear power plant accident could cause
wide spread damage but radioactive power plants in the U.S. are specifically designed and built to contain radiation and radioactive material in
the unlikely case of an accident. Emergency plans are in place in nearby communities to advise residents. Nuclear power plant workers are highly
trained and follow safety procedures.
10.If a 10-turbine wind farm was going to be placed somewhere in your community and its surroundings, where do you think the ideal site would
be? Explain the reason you picked that site. Also includes five sites you considered but rejected and the reasons why you rejected them.
Answers should include that the area needs to be big enough to support 10 turbines. The turbines should be the tallest thing around, so the wind
is not blocked. The area underneath could be used for farmland or grazing land, but should not otherwise be used. The area must have strong,
steady winds. There should not be any bird migration or bird nesting sites in the immediate vicinity.
11.Summarize what the chart on page 25, Renewables and Nonrenewables, shows you about our use of renewable and nonrenewable resources.
Student summaries might include the fact that we use 90.47% nonrenewable sources, that we use more coal (or petroleum or natural gas) than
all of the renewables combined, or that the renewables are only a small piece of the pie.
12.Add another five words that have to do with electricity to the electricity crossword. They need to appropriately connect to the current
puzzle. Write clues that would help someone figure out your words. Answers will vary.
13.When we flip a switch, our lights go on. When we plug something in, and turn it on, it works. We don’t think about where this energy,
electricity, comes from. Pretend you are a spark of electricity. Explain your journey from an energy resource to your video game system.
Students may identify the energy source they begin as (uranium, coal, etc.). Students may explain how that resource turns into electricity. They
should trace the path from the power plant to the transformer, the transmission lines, the neighborhood transformer, the distribution line, a small
transformer, and finally wires into the walls in the house. There is a diagram on page 31 that may be helpful.
34
ANSWERS
e
Forms of Energy Answers
Fill in the blanks with the words at the bottom of the page. Some words will be used more than once. Use the
word that best completes the sentence.
potential
1. Stored energy and the energy of position are _____________________________
energy.
elastic
2. Compressed springs and stretched rubber bands are examples of_____________________________
energy.
3. The vibration and movement of the atoms and molecules within substances is called
thermal
_____________________________
energy.
4. The scientific rule that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed is called the Law of
Conservation of Energy
_____________________________.
sound
5. The movement of energy through substances in longitudinal waves is _____________________________
energy.
gravitational potential
6. The energy of position—such as a rock on a hill—is _____________________________
energy.
motion
7. The movement of objects and substances from place to place is _____________________________
energy.
radiant
8. Electromagnetic energy traveling in transverse waves is _____________________________
energy.
chemical
9. Energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules is _____________________________
energy.
kinetic
10. The movement of atoms, molecules, waves, and electrons is _____________________________
energy.
electrical
11. The movement of electrons is _____________________________
energy.
energy efficiency
12. The amount of useful energy you get from a system is its _____________________________.
chemical
13. The energy in petroleum and coal is stored as _____________________________
energy.
radiant
14. X-rays are an example of _____________________________
energy.
nuclear
15. Fission and fusion are examples of _____________________________
energy.
gravitational potential
16. A hydropower reservoir is an example of _____________________________
energy.
motion
17. Wind is an example of the energy of _____________________________.
Word Bank
chemical

Conservation

of Energy
elastic

electrical

energy

efficiency
gravitational

potential
kinetic

motion

nuclear

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potential

radiant

sound

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thermal

ANSWERS
35
Biomass
Description of biomass:
Any organic material that can be used for its energy content—wood, garbage, yard waste, crop waste, animal waste, even human waste.
Renewable
Description of photosynthesis:
The process by which light (radiant energy) is converted to sugars or glucose in a plant.
Ways we turn biomass into energy we can use:
Burning to produce heat, fermentation into alcohol fuel (ethanol), bacterial decay into methane, conversion to gas or liquid fuels by
addition of heat or chemicals
Who uses biomass and for what purposes:
Industry burns waste wood to make products, homes burn wood for heat, waste-to-energy plants burn organic waste products to
produce electricity, and ethanol is used as a transportation fuel.
Effect of using biomass on the environment:
Burning biomass can produce air pollution and it can also produce odors. Burning biomass is cleaner than burning fossil fuels. Growing
plants for biomass fuel may reduce some carbon dioxide emissions by reducing CO2 in the atmosphere.
Important facts about biomass:
Biomass gets its energy from the sun through the process of photosynthesis.
Using biomass reduces the amount of organic material placed in landfills.
Fast-growing crops can be grown for their energy content.
Coal
Description of coal:
Coal is a black, solid hydrocarbon (fossil fuel) formed from the remains of ancient plants in swamps millions to hundreds of millions of
years ago.
Nonrenewable
Where coal is located and how we recover it:
Coal is located underground in many areas of the country. Shallow seams are surface mined. Coal buried deep is reached through
underground mine shafts.
Ways we turn coal into energy we can use:
Most coal is burned to produce thermal energy.
Who uses coal and for what purposes:
Power plants burn most of the coal to produce electricity. Industries also burn coal to make products, especially steel and iron.
Effect of using coal on the environment:
Burning coal can pollute the air and cause acid rain. Burning coal also produces carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.
Important facts about coal:
Coal produces about 39.1 percent of the electricity in the U.S.
The U.S. has the largest reserves of coal in the world.
Coal is found in Appalachian states and some western states.
Wyoming, West Virginia, Kentucky, Illinois, and Pennsylvania are the top coal producing states.
Coal is transported mainly by train and barge. Transporting coal is a huge expense.
36
ANSWERS
Geothermal
Description of geothermal energy:
Geothermal energy is heat produced in the Earth’s core by the slow decay of naturally-occurring radioactive particles.
Renewable
Where geothermal resources are located and how we recover them:
Low temperature resources are almost everywhere a few feet underground. High temperature resources are found along major plate
boundaries, especially around the Ring of Fire in the Pacific Ocean.
Ways we turn geothermal energy into energy we can use:
We can drill wells to reach high temperature resources, or lay pipes filled with fluid underground. Some geothermal resources come out
of the ground naturally, and we can pipe it to where it’s needed.
Who uses geothermal energy and for what purposes:
Power plants use geothermal steam to produce electricity. Homes and businesses use the hot water and steam for thermal energy.
Effect of using geothermal energy on the environment:
There is very little environmental effect.
Important facts about geothermal energy:
Earth is made of layers—an inner core of iron, an outer core of magma (melted rock), a mantle of magma and rock, and a crust. The
crust is not a solid piece, but giant plates of land that move. Along the edges of the plates, geothermal resources tend to come to the
surface.
Hydropower
Description of hydropower:
Hydropower is the force of moving water caused by gravity.
Renewable
Description of the water cycle:
The sun shines onto the Earth, evaporating the water in oceans, rivers, and lakes. The water vapor rises into the atmosphere and forms
clouds. The water vapor condenses and falls to Earth as precipitation.
Ways we turn hydropower into energy we can use:
We can harness the energy in flowing water by damming rivers and using waterfalls.
Who uses hydropower and for what purposes:
Electric utilities use hydropower dams to turn the energy in flowing water into electricity.
Effect of using hydropower on the environment:
Dams can flood land and disrupt animal and fish habitats. Hydropower doesn’t pollute the air, but it does alter the flow of rivers.
Important facts about hydropower:
Hydropower dams are the cheapest and cleanest way to produce electricity.
There are few places in the U.S. where new dams can be built.
Some existing dams could have turbines installed to produce electricity.
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ANSWERS
37
Natural Gas
Description of natural gas:
Natural gas is a colorless, odorless gas formed hundreds of millions of years ago from tiny sea plants and animals. It is a fossil fuel.
Nonrenewable, although methane produced from landfill gas is classified as renewable.
Where natural gas is located and how we recover it:
Natural gas is located in underground rock formations in sedimentary basins. We drill wells to reach it and pipe it from the ground.
Ways we turn natural gas into energy we can use:
Usually we burn natural gas to produce heat.
Who uses natural gas and for what purposes:
Industry burns natural gas to manufacture products. Homes and businesses burn natural gas to heat buildings and water, and for
cooking. Power plants burn natural gas to produce electricity.
Effect of using natural gas on the environment:
Natural gas is a cleaner burning fossil fuel, but it produces some air pollution and carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.
Important facts about natural gas:
Mercaptan, an odorant that smells like rotten eggs, is added to natural gas so leaks can be detected.
Natural gas is shipped hundreds of thousands of miles in underground pipelines.
Natural gas can be used as a transportation fuel if it is put under pressure and engines are modified.
Petroleum
Description of petroleum:
Petroleum is a liquid hydrocarbon, a fossil fuel formed hundreds of millions of years ago from the remains of tiny sea plants and animals.
It can be thin and clear like water or thick and black like tar.
Nonrenewable
Where petroleum is located and how we recover it:
Petroleum is located underground in rocks in sedimentary basins. Much is under water. We drill wells to find it, then must pump it from
the ground.
Ways we turn petroleum into energy we can use:
Petroleum is refined into many different fuels that are burned to produce heat.
Who uses petroleum and for what purposes:
Most petroleum products are used by the transportation sector to move people and goods. Industry burns petroleum to manufacture
products and also uses petroleum as a feedstock to produce many products.
Effect of using petroleum on the environment:
Burning petroleum can cause air pollution and produce carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas. Drilling for and transporting petroleum can
cause damage to the land and water if there are leaks or spills.
Important facts about petroleum:
We use more petroleum than any other energy source.
The U.S. does not produce enough petroleum to meet our needs.
We import about 41 percent of the petroleum we use from foreign countries.
Petroleum is moved over land mostly by pipeline, and over water by tanker.
38
ANSWERS
Propane
Description of propane:
Propane is a colorless, odorless fossil fuel found with petroleum and natural gas. It was formed hundreds of millions of years ago from
the remains of tiny sea plants and animals.
Nonrenewable
Where propane is located and how we recover it:
Propane is found with petroleum and natural gas deposits and is separated from both fuels during refining and processing.
Ways we turn propane into energy we can use:
We put propane in tanks under pressure to turn it into a liquid so that it is more easily moved from place to place, then we burn it to
produce thermal energy.
Who uses propane and for what purposes:
Industry uses propane to make products; farmers use propane for heat in rural areas; homes use propane for outdoor grills; businesses
use propane to fuel indoor machinery and as a fleet fuel.
Effect of using propane on the environment:
Propane is a cleaner burning fossil fuel, but burning it does produce some air pollutants and carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.
Important facts about propane:
Propane is an LPG – liquefied petroleum gas.
Propane is easily turned into a liquid under pressure. It takes up 270 times less space as a liquid.
Propane is stored in underground caverns and moved by pipelines and trucks.
Propane is called a portable fuel because it is easily transported as a liquid.
Solar
Description of solar energy:
Solar energy is radiant energy from the sun that travels to Earth.
Renewable
How solar energy is produced:
Solar energy is produced in the sun’s core when atoms of hydrogen combine under pressure to produce helium, in a process called
fusion. During fusion, radiant energy is emitted.
Ways we turn solar energy into energy we can use:
We can capture solar energy with solar collectors that turn the radiant energy into thermal energy, or with photovoltaic cells that turn
radiant energy into electricity. We also use the visible light of solar energy to see.
Who uses solar energy and for what purposes:
We all use the visible light from the sun to see during the day. Many homes and buildings use solar collectors to heat interior spaces
and water, and PV cells to produce electricity. Solar power facilities use PV cells and mirrors to produce electricity.
Effect of using solar energy on the environment:
Solar energy is very clean energy, producing no air or water pollution.
Important facts about solar energy:
Solar energy is not available all of the time and is spread out so that it is difficult to harness. Today, it is expensive to use solar energy
to produce electricity, but new technologies will make solar energy a major energy source in the future.
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ANSWERS
39
Uranium (Nuclear)
Description of uranium:
Uranium is a common metallic element found in rocks all over the world.
Nonrenewable
Where uranium is located and how we recover it:
Uranium is located underground in rock formations. Mines are dug to recover it.
Ways we turn uranium into energy we can use:
Uranium is processed and turned into uranium fuel pellets for nuclear power plants. Uranium atoms are split in the process of fission
to produce heat.
Who uses uranium (nuclear energy) and for what purposes:
Nuclear power plants use uranium to produce electricity.
Effect of using uranium (nuclear energy) on the environment:
Uranium fission produces radioactive waste that is dangerous for thousands of years and must be stored carefully. Leaks of
radioactive materials pose a danger.
Important facts about uranium (nuclear energy):
Nuclear power plants produce little pollution except for radioactive waste, which must be stored on-site or in special repositories.
There is no permanent repository in the United States at this time and most spent fuel is stored on-site at nuclear power plants. A
permanent repository is mandated by Congress, but a final location has not been chosen.
Wind
Description of wind energy:
Wind is the movement of air caused by the uneven heating of Earth’s surface.
Renewable
Where wind energy is located and how we recover it:
Wind is produced when the sun shines on the Earth, heating the land more quickly than the water. The warmer air over land rises and
cooler air moves in to take its place, producing wind. Wind can be harnessed by sails, mills, turbines, and by living things.
Ways we turn wind into energy we can use:
We use wind turbines that have blades, which turn in the wind, that turn a turbine to produce electricity.
Who uses wind and for what purposes:
Wind farms are built to produce electricity.
Effect of using wind on the environment:
Wind turbines are very clean, producing no air or water pollution.
Important facts about wind:
Wind turbines do not produce a lot of electricity, and do not produce it all of the time.
Wind turbines cannot be used in many areas. There must be stable, continuous wind resources.
There are large wind resources over the ocean. The first offshore wind farm in the United States was approved in 2011 and will be built
off the coast of Cape Cod, Massachusetts.
40
ANSWERS
Biomass Crossword Answers
Coal Crossword Answers
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ANSWERS
41
Geothermal Crossword Answers
Hydropower Crossword Answers
42
ANSWERS
Natural Gas Crossword Answers
Petroleum Crossword Answers
P
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1.800.875.5029
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ANSWERS
43
Propane Crossword Answers
Solar Crossword Answers
44
ANSWERS
Uranium Crossword Answers
A
T
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M S
C
A
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A C
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Wind Crossword Answers
E L E C T
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B L A D E S
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1.800.875.5029
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N G
ANSWERS
45
46
ANSWERS
25.954 Q= 26.59 %
18.084 Q= 18.52 %
8.268 Q = 8.47 %
4.613 Q = 4.73 %
2.561 Q = 2.62 %
1.652 Q = 1.69 %
2.123 Q = 2.17 %
97.623 Q=99.99%*
Natural Gas
Coal
Uranium
Biomass
Hydropower
Propane
Geothermal, Solar, and Wind
Total Quad BTUs
*Does not equal 100% due to rounding
90.47% Nonrenewables
9.52% Renewables
34.368 Q= 35.20 %
Petroleum
Students should calculate the total number of quads to be 97.623 Q. To find each percentage, have
them divide each individual source by the total number of quads, then multiply by 100.
Convert the quads into percentages and make a pie chart showing how much U.S. energy
in 2013 came from renewable sources and how much came from nonrenewable sources.
Round to the nearest hundredth. (Q = quad or quadrillion Btu)
e
2
1
3
1
2
1
MAKE PRODUCTS
1
4
2
TRANSPORTATION
2
2
3
2
1
1
1
4
3
1
1
2
4
MAKE ELECTRICITY
1
3
5
LIGHTING
3
3
HEATING/COOLING
In the boxes, number the main uses of each energy source from 1 to 5 with 1 as the
most important use. Some sources may be used in only one or two ways. Once you have
completed your chart, pick one source of energy and describe how and why you ranked
the uses for each.
e
e
The Water Cycle
Label and describe the water cycle in the space below
following the numbers on the diagram.
The Water Cycle
1
3
4
2
2
5
1. The sun shines radiant energy onto the Earth. When it hits objects, some of the radiant energy is
converted into heat. (radiant energy)
2. The water vapor rises into the atmosphere. (evaporation)
3. The water vapor forms clouds in the atmosphere. (condensation)
4. The water vapor in the clouds condenses and falls to Earth as precipitation. (precipitation)
5. Gravity pulls water to low places and collects it to start the cycle over again. (gravity)
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ANSWERS
47
Electricity
Write the word that best describes each definition in the blank space. Use each word only once. Not all
words may be used.
element
1. A substance in which all atoms are identical.
2. The center of an atom.
nucleus
3. The negatively-charged particle of an atom.
electron
4. The positively-charged particle of an atom.
proton
neutron
5. The particle in the nucleus of an atom with no charge.
atom
6. The smallest part of an element that keeps all of the element’s characteristics.
charge
7. An electrical force within an atomic particle.
8. The areas around the nucleus where electrons are located.
9. The force field created between the poles of a magnet.
10. A device that does work in an electric circuit.
11. A path through which electricity travels.
energy levels
magnetic field
load
circuit
12. An object in which the molecules are arranged so that north-seeking poles point one direction, while southseeking poles point another.
magnet
13. How like charges or magnetic poles respond.
repel
14. A device with magnets and coils of wire that produces electricity.
15. A device that produces electricity through a chemical reaction.
generator
battery
Word Bank
atom

attract

battery

charge

circuit

electron

48
ANSWERS
element

energy

levels
generator

load

magnet

magnetic

field
neutron

nucleus

proton

repel

turbine

Famous Names in Electricity Answer Key
1. Faraday
3. Franklin
5. Edison
2. Westinghouse
4. Volta
6. Niagara Falls
Electric Math Answer Key
Left Column: 120, 12, 35, 1879, 1000, 1882
Right Column: 10, 350, 2229, 2.229, 4194.978
1.800.875.5029
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ANSWERS
49
Explain what each of the components numbered below does
to get electricity from the generator to the consumer.
3
6
1
2
4
5
7
1. Power plant: generates electricity
2. Step-up transformer: increases voltage to reduce transmission loss
3. Transmission line: transports high-voltage electricty over long distances
4. Power tower: carries or holds transmission lines
5. Step-down transformer: lowers voltage for smaller distribution lines
6. Distribution line: carries lower voltage electricty to homes and businesses
7. Neighborhood transformer: lowers voltage to an amount that can be safely used
by appliances in homes and businesses (120 & 240 volts)
50
ANSWERS
Directions: Fill in the blanks in the tables below.
TABLE 1
VOLTAGE
=
CURRENT
X
RESISTANCE
1.5 V
=
0.5 A
x
3Ω
12 V
=
3A
x
4Ω
120 V
=
4A
x
30 Ω
240 V
=
20 A
x
12 Ω
POWER
=
VOLTAGE
X
CURRENT
27 W
=
9V
x
3A
180 W
=
120 V
x
1.5 A
45 W
=
15 V
x
3A
240 W
=
120 V
x
2A
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
APPLIANCE
POWER
=
VOLTAGE
X
CURRENT
TV
180 W
=
120 V
x
1.5 A
COMPUTER
40 W
=
120 V
x
0.33 A
PRINTER
120 W
=
120 V
x
1A
HAIR DRYER
1,000 W
=
120 V
x
8.33 A
TABLE 4
POWER
TIME
=
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
(kWh)
X
PRICE
=
COST
5 kW
x
100 h
=
500 kWh
x
$ 0.12
=
$ 60.00
25 kW
x
4h
=
100 kWh
x
$ 0.12
=
$ 12.00
1,000 W
x
1h
=
1,000 Wh =
1kWh
x
$ 0.12
=
$ 0.12
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ANSWERS
51
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
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
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
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
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
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
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
No
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
Yes

No
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
Yes

No
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
Yes

No
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Please explain any ‘no’ statement below.

Yes

No
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excellent 
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
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Other Comments:
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