Human Osteology and Palaeopathology

School of Archaeological
Sciences
Human Osteology
and Palaeopathology
FoLS
COURSES
PG
MSc/PG Diploma
full-time and
part-time
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
CONTENTS
Contents
Welcome1
Research and professional practice
2
Course information
6
Course outline
8
Special features
10
Facilities and resources
12
Staff and expertise
14
The student view
16
Careers, further study and admissions requirements
18
Student support
19
On and around campus
20
City of Bradford and surroundings
22
City campus map
24
How to find us 25
40 years of
research activity
POSTGRADUATE
ADMISSIONS OFFICE
School of Archaeological Sciences
University of Bradford
Bradford
West Yorkshire
BD7 1DP
fls-postgradcourse-admissions
@bradford.ac.uk
tel: 01274 234706
fax: 01274 235600
www.bradford.ac.uk/archsci
GENERAL COURSE ENQUIRIES
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Fax: 01274 235585
Email: enquiries@bradford.ac.uk
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W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
Welcome
Welcome to the course brochure for the MSc Human
Osteology and Palaeopathology at Bradford. At
Bradford we have been teaching archaeological
sciences since 1973, being the first institution in the
UK to offer this subject at both Undergraduate and
Master’s level. We have been a world-leading centre for
palaeopathology since 1980, when Dr Keith Manchester
joined the department as honorary visiting lecturer. Keith
was soon joined by a wide range of osteologists and
palaeopathologists, and between us we have amassed an
immense collection of human skeletal remains,
which are used throughout our teaching and research.
Human remains are a fascinating
area of study, giving a direct
insight into the people of the
past. The study of osteology
and palaeopathology requires
a sound understanding of
human anatomy and skeletal
development, age and sexrelated differences, normal
skeletal variation, the
identification and diagnosis
of pathological lesions,
biomolecular analysis of skeletal
remains and an understanding
of their archaeological context
and taphonomic alteration. At
Bradford we combine these
different approaches and
techniques to allow students
to analyse and describe these
skeletons and place them within
their cultural context.
The human remains teaching
team was awarded a ViceChancellor’s Teaching
Excellence Award in July 2014;
their nomination was supported
by MSc Human Osteology and
Palaeopathology students
Owain Wells and Laura Castells
Navarro. Teaching is researchled, which means that lectures
and practical sessions expose
our students to the latest
research in the field. In the 2014
Research Excellence Framework
(REF), 70% of our research was
found to be world leading or
internationally excellent.
We have three dedicated
osteology laboratories, isotope
and radiography laboratories,
3D scanning equipment and
histology and microscopy
facilities. The dedicated Centre
for Chemical and Structural
Analysis houses a range of
sophisticated and specialist
analytical equipment ranging
from Electron Microscopy to
X-ray Diffraction.
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Couse Manager:
DR JO BUCKBERRY
Associated Staff:
DR JULIA BEAUMONT
DR HANNAH KOON
WELCOME
Human Osteology and
Palaeopathology at Bradford
TEACHING
STAFF
DR ANDREW WILSON
DR KARINA CROUCHER
PROFESSOR
KEITH MANCHESTER
A key feature of the course
is access to our collection of
archaeological human remains,
dating from the Neolithic to the
19th century and associated
modern anatomical specimens.
With over 4,000 skeletons, we
offer our students the opportunity
to examine pathological
conditions at different stages of
development, and to study less
common conditions. In addition,
we curate over 5,000 radiographs
– both skeletal and clinical –
which can be used to investigate
internal structures and assist
age estimation and pathological
description and interpretation.
We believe in using as many
individual skeletons, specimens
and radiographs as possible
within our teaching, allowing a
full understanding of skeletal
and pathological variation. We
have recently supplemented our
resources with photo-realistic 3D
laser scans of type pathological
conditions, which are available for
personal study. We look forward
to welcoming you in person
to Archaeological Sciences at
Bradford.
FURTHER
INFORMATION
PROFILES FOR EACH
PERSON CAN BE FOUND
ON OUR WEBSITE AT:
VISIT
www.bradford.ac.uk/archsci
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Research and
professional practice
RESEARCH AND PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Track Record
Archaeological Sciences was in the top
10 for archaeology in the 2014 Research
Excellence Framework (REF) which
assesses the quality of research conducted
in all UK Universities. Over one-third of
our research was awarded the highest 4*
ranking and we were ranked 3rd in the
UK for research impact. Some of our
recent and ongoing research projects
are summarised here.
40 years of
research activity
Multidisciplinary,
integrated
research teams
International
reputation
for research
RESEARCH PROJECTS IN THE BIOLOGICAL
ANTHROPOLOGY RESEARCH CENTRE INCLUDE:
3D Bones at Bradford: ‘Digitised
Diseases’ and ‘From Cemetery to Clinic’
Dr Andrew Wilson, Dr Jo Buckberry,
Dr Chris Gaffney Prof Keith Manchester
& Prof Hassan Ugail
We have had two large-scale projects
funded by JISC which have focused
on the 3D digital documentation of
palaeopathological-type specimens from
the collections in BARC and in conjunction
with project partners Museum of London
Archaeology, the Royal College of
Surgeons (of England) and the Novium
(Chichester District Council).
IMAGES KEY:
The process has involved extensive
specimen selection, description and
interpretation alongside 3D laser scanning
using a Faro Quantum Arm with v3 laser.
Texture photography provides a photorealistic quality to the models, which can
be readily manipulated using a variety of
platforms and freely available software
packages/apps. Radiographs, CT scans
and micro-CT scans of selected specimens
complement the 3D models.
1.
Micro-CT scan of a rib
with osteosarcoma
2.
3D laser scanning a cuboid
3.
Peri-mortem fracture to a
mandible from Stirling Castle
4.
Ante-mortem sharp force
trauma to a frontal bone from
Stirling Castle
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1
2
3
We have made these models freely
and widely available as part of a
comprehensive web resource
(www.digitiseddiseases.org), to attract
broad usage and impact amongst
clinicians, medical trainees, medical
historians, archaeologists, osteologists
and palaeopathologists as well as
enriching the wider public understanding
of the study of human remains. Given
that pathological bone is often the
most fragile and yet widely studied
material, the project has a significant
role in safeguarding the future of rare
osteological specimens.
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Dr Jo Buckberry
In 1997 a small population dating to the
14th and 15th centuries was excavated
in a lost royal chapel at Stirling Castle,
one of the key garrisons of the Scottish
Wars of Independence. Shortly after the
excavation, skeletal analysis revealed that
one individual suffered healed sharp force
trauma to the frontal and a second had
possible peri-mortem puncture wounds
to the cranial vault.
4
In 2009, the remains were re-examined
prior to proposed reburial, identifying
peri-mortem penetrating trauma to the
cranial vault of one individual. Historic
Scotland commissioned Dr Jo Buckberry
to re-analyse these remains, which
identified an abundance of peri-mortem
trauma within this small group. Most
of the trauma is blunt force, with small
numbers of sharp force and penetrating
traumatic lesions present. One individual
suffered over 80 peri-mortem fractures,
many to his post-cranial skeleton. While
many of the fractures found in isolation
could easily be attributed to accidents,
the small number of sharp-force and
penetrating injuries clearly relate to interpersonal violence. It is argued that this,
alongside the significant burial location
within a royal castle, indicates that these
individuals died in encounters relating to
the Scottish Wars of Independence.
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Isotopic analysis was undertaken at
Bradford in collaboration with Prof Julia
Lee-Thorp (University of Oxford) and Dr
Janet Montgomery (Durham University).
Carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of
bone collagen indicated these individuals
enjoyed a mixed diet, with ratios similar
to other notable high-status medieval
populations. Oxygen and strontium
isotope analysis of tooth enamel was
undertaken to investigate the origins of
all individuals with surviving teeth. Stirling
Castle changed hands repeatedly during
the course of the Wars of Independence,
so one of our main aims was to establish
if these people were English or Scottish.
Sadly the results of this analysis were
inconclusive in this regard. We are
embarking on further research to
investigate these individuals, in particular
focusing on the robusticity of them in
relation to other medieval populations
and using further analytical techniques to
attempt to narrow down their origins.
Some of the results of this analysis have
appeared on TV and they formed the basis
of an exhibition at Stirling Castle. Dr Alan
Ogden (University of Bradford) completed
a facial reconstruction of the only female
individual from the site, which is also on
display. The Stirling Castle monograph is
in press.
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RESEARCH AND PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Peri-mortem Trauma at Stirling
Castle: Investigating the Scottish
Wars of Independence
1
IMAGES KEY:
2
RESEARCH AND PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
1.
Infant temporal bone
with evidence of scurvy
3
2.
Preserved hair
from Lukin Street
3.
CT-scanning
Gristhorpe Man
4.
Dr Julia Beaumont
analysing teeth
Limeys: a Combined Approach
to Detect Sub-clinical Scurvy
Dr Hannah Koon
Descriptions of the horrors of scurvy abound
in the historical literature. The dramatic effects
that scurvy had on seafarers prior to the 18th
century are well known. There is also abundant
documentary evidence for land-scurvy throughout
military history and during times of food shortage.
It has been further suggested that late springs
coupled with low levels of vitamin C in stored
grain would have led to sub-clinical scurvy being
endemic in ancient populations across Northern
Europe. In order to assess the extent of scurvy
in past populations it is necessary to look at
their skeletal remains; however, especially in
adults, scurvy can leave very few traces on the
skeleton. Dr Koon’s pioneering work initiated with
York University and Harvard University has used
combined palaeopathological and biochemical
markers to highlight deficiency diseases in early
migrational populations, utilising cutting-edge
proteomic and isotopic approaches. Ongoing
research has been focused towards method
development and application to specific skeletal
populations including the remains of Dutch whalers
buried on Svalbard and sailors from the Royal
Naval hospital at Haslar.
4
To date this work has featured in various
publications including Science magazine and as part
of a monograph ‘Exploring Atlantic Transitions’.
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The Great Irish Famine:
A Historical and Isotopic Study
Dr Cathy Batt, Prof Carl Heron, Rob Janaway,
Dr Adrian Evans, Dr Sonia O’Connor,
Dr Alan Ogden & Dr Andrew Wilson
Excavations carried out on a Bronze Age barrow at
Gristhorpe, North Yorkshire, in the mid-19th century
revealed the remains of a log-coffin containing
the flexed skeletal remains of an adult male and a
well-preserved assemblage of grave goods. More
than 150 years on, a multidisciplinary team of over
twenty specialists have contributed to an integrated
scientific programme of analysis and reappraisal of
the assemblage at Bradford led by Dr Nigel Melton,
involving specialists based at the University of
Bradford, Durham, Exeter, Sheffield, Edinburgh,
Sydney (Australia), Copenhagen (Denmark), Oxford,
and the National Museum of Scotland.
Dr Julia Beaumont
During the Great Irish Potato Famine (1845-1852),
at least a quarter of the Irish population died (more
than two million people) and a further one-and-ahalf million emigrated, 108,000 settling in London
over this period. Individuals from two cemetery
populations from this time, Lukin Street, London
(1843-1852), excavated by Museum of London
Archaeology (MOLA) and the Famine cemetery
from Kilkenny Union Workhouse, excavated by
Margaret Gowen et al. have been studied for this
project. Using a combination of documentary
evidence for diet and the ratios of the stable
isotopes of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N)
from bone and dentine collagen, it is possible to
detect different dietary regimes within the two
cemetery populations. The combined δ13C and
δ15N data from these tissues can identify potential
immigrants to London buried in Lukin Street. The
immigrants identified are not just from Ireland,
but also from other areas with a dietary regime
which differs isotopically from the 19th-century
London diet identified in this study. These include a
mariner from Portugal.
Detailed examination of Gristhorpe Man’s skeleton
showed that he was approximately 36-45 yearsold when he died. The evidence from his skeletal
remains and his diet suggest that Gristhorpe Man
may have been a member of the elite. This was
supported by the artefacts found within the coffin,
including a bronze dagger with a rare Cetacean
bone pommel, a knife, two flint flakes, a bark
container and an animal hide wrapping. Skeletal
markers indicated that he carried out strenuous
activities that utilised his right hand and limb more
than the left. The researchers commented that the
“ostentation of the Gristhorpe grave appears to
have been matched by the physical attributes of
the man himself” (Melton et al. 2009).
Isotopic evidence from strontium, lead and
phosphate oxygen ratios in the bones were used
to narrow down the region where Gristhorpe Man
spent his childhood; the level of these isotopes is
fixed within the enamel of teeth between the ages
of two-and-a-half and eight. The assessment of
Gristhorpe Man’s teeth were consistent with him
spending his childhood in north-east Yorkshire.
In addition, isotopic evidence from carbon and
nitrogen found in the bones and teeth were used
to provide details about Gristhorpe Man’s diet,
suggesting that it was composed predominantly
of terrestrial proteins; his protein-rich diet also
appears to have resulted in the development of
three gall stones, found in the base of the coffin.
Dr Beaumont has developed a novel method to
achieve high-resolution temporal profiles for δ13C and
δ15N changes seen during childhood and adolescence
in both victims and survivors of the Famine. This
allows the comparison of the diet and physiology of
different individuals at the same age. As a result,
new models for the identification of breastfeeding
and weaning, and for periods of physiological stress
such as famine, have been developed.
Some of the work has been published in the
journals American Journal of Physical Anthropology
and Archaeometry, and in the MOLA monograph
‘He being dead yet speaketh’, Excavations at three
post-medieval burial grounds in Tower Hamlets,
East London, 2004-08.
This work has been published in the journal
Antiquity and as a specialist monograph.
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RESEARCH AND PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Gristhorpe Man: the Scientific Study of an
Early Bronze Age Log-coffin Burial
COURSE INFORMATION
Course
information
The MSc Human Osteology and Palaeopathology is
designed to give systematic training in the analysis of
human remains. The course develops an advanced
understanding of skeletal anatomy and equips students
with the skills to analyse human remains from a variety
of contexts, both macroscopically and via analytical
techniques such as isotope and biomolecular analysis.
A key feature of the degree is the in-depth training
in palaeopathology and the hands-on experience,
with access to thousands of skeletons from a
variety of archaeological periods. Throughout the
course, students are taught by leading researchers
in osteology, palaeopathology, archaeological
science and funerary archaeology.
The course aims to prepare you not only for
research in human osteology and palaeopathology,
but also for the rigours of commercial osteological
analysis. The course is well suited both to students
who wish to use it as a foundation from which
to commence doctoral research or as vocational
training to enhance employment prospects in
archaeology and related areas. In addition, many of
our graduates have continued to further study in
subjects allied to medicine.
Human Osteology and
Palaeopathology at Bradford
Archaeological Sciences at Bradford is the perfect
choice for studying for your postgraduate degree.
Throughout the history of Archaeological Sciences
at Bradford there has been a drive to innovate,
which is exemplified by the work of the School
today. We now deliver a number of undergraduate
and postgraduate programmes, taught and
supported by dedicated academic, technical and
clerical staff. Bradford launched the world’s first
Archaeological Sciences Master’s programme in
1973, followed by an Undergraduate degree course
in 1975. The MSc Palaeopathology and Funerary
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Archaeology started in 1990, and a variant of this
(MSc Osteology, Palaeopathology and Funerary
Archaeology) was taught jointly between the
Universities of Bradford and Sheffield between
1991 and 2000. In September 2000 we launched
the MSc Human Osteology and Palaeopathology,
taught entirely in Bradford. In combination,
these three degree programmes total 25 years of
continuous teaching of postgraduate osteology and
palaeopathology in Bradford, and our alumni now
hold posts at all levels throughout the sector, from
professors to excavators.
Research Excellence Framework 2014: The School
of Archaeological Sciences was ranked 9th
amongst archaeology departments in the UK.
Over 1/3 of our research was awarded the highest
4* ranking. This directly benefits our closely linked
teaching and research programmes and there
are opportunities to become involved in research
during your dissertation. 87.5% of our research
environment – our facilities and research ethos
– was rated as world leading or internationally
excellent (3* and 4*).
Research-led teaching: our research underpins
our teaching, providing you with up-to-date
information as well as real-life experiences and
case studies that will put your learning into
context. This also ensures that our teaching is
current, engaging and alive. Opportunities are
provided to allow you to participate in research
projects being undertaken in the School, gaining
practical experience in a range of areas that
will develop your academic and analytical skills.
Many students go on to publish their dissertation
research jointly with their supervisors and are an
integral part of our research activity.
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
4,000+
skeletons
Largest teaching
collection of human
skeletal remains
in the UK
The instructors’ obvious
passion for their subjects
was infectious, and
their desire to help their
students excel was clear.
COURSE INFORMATION
ALLISON HUMMEL,
MSC HUMAN OSTEOLOGY
AND PALAEOPATHOLOGY
Successful research projects: we have a strong
reputation in the successful completion of a
number of innovative and interdisciplinary
research projects, collaborating with academics
and students from a range of subject areas, both
in Bradford and beyond. These projects have
developed and tested osteological techniques,
increased our understanding of past societies, and
investigated patterns of health and disease over
time. Projects have ranged temporally from the
Upper Palaeolithic to the post-Medieval period, and
have also covered analytical subjects exploring
diet, migration and pathology.
Dissemination, promotion and community
involvement: archaeology is a discipline that speaks
to a wide audience of people, with many keen to
learn more about the area that they live in and their
ancestors. The majority of the research carried
out in Bradford has promotion and community
involvement at its core, disseminating the findings
to as wide an audience as possible. This has included
working with museums, local heritage groups,
school groups and volunteers, running day-schools
and workshops. In the Biological Anthropology
Research Centre (BARC), we regularly give public
lectures about our research at venues across the
UK and overseas. We deliver osteology sessions
for the general public and have developed bespoke
osteology sessions for Key Stage 2 schoolchildren
as part of the Wellcome Trust-funded project
‘You Are What You Ate’.
Aims of the course
The programme has been designed to enable
you to develop a comprehensive understanding
and knowledge of the analysis of human remains,
primarily archaeological skeletons. The practical
nature of the course allows you to gain direct
experience in a range of techniques and to analyse
a wide range of skeletons, providing you with a
specialism in human osteology as well as developing
professional skills such as good laboratory practice
and transferable skills such as statistical analysis,
presentation skills and project management.
Characteristics of the course
A full range of osteological and analytical
techniques are covered in detail, equipping our
graduates for employment on completion of
the degree. The co-teaching of elements of the
course with other postgraduate students in the
School encourages discussion, debate and a
strong interdisciplinary approach.
The course focuses on practical, hands-on
experience with access to multiple skeletons
throughout, enabling students to appreciate
skeletal development, the level of normal
skeletal variation, and variation in the expression
of pathological conditions.
The strong research emphasis offers you the
opportunity to carry out a research project in an
area of interest, utilising new-found knowledge,
understanding and analytical skills to address
specific osteological and archaeological questions.
Students will be based in the Faculty’s Integrated
Life Sciences Learning Centre which includes
a Simulation Suite featuring a 3D virtual touch
screen anatomage table for all anatomy and
physiology learning.
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
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COURSE OUTLINE
Course
outline
The course is a combination of learning experiences with skills and
knowledge developed through lectures, seminars, laboratory and
fieldwork classes, and a substantial individual research dissertation.
The course structure is modular, composed of 180 credits in total.
The taught components (constituting 120 credits) are run over two
semesters (September to January, then late January to May).
The dissertation is undertaken between May and September.
There are six core modules in total, as
well as a small choice of optional modules,
which ensures that all students acquire a
broad range of knowledge across all of the
key areas of skeletal analysis and allied
topics but including some choice based on
your own interests and background. Each
10-credit module equates to 100 hours of
learning time. You need 60 credits for the
Postgraduate Certificate and 120 credits for
the Postgraduate Diploma. To be awarded an
MSc you will need to successfully complete a
research project worth 60 credits.
You are provided with detailed and
comprehensive course and module
handbooks that can be consulted for a range
of learning issues. In addition, course tutors
will advise on subject-specific queries.
Core Modules*
The core modules provide you with a
foundation in the analysis of human
remains, as well as the transferable skills
required to carry out scientific research,
including statistical analysis, report writing
and presentation skills. The core modules
required as part of the MSc Human
Osteology and Palaeopathology comprise:
* Please note the curriculum is subject to change.
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Musculoskeletal Anatomy
This 20-credit module is key to your ability
to identify human remains throughout
the degree. It focuses on the development
of the skeleton and how the action of
the soft tissues (muscle, tendons and
ligaments) produce the characteristic
morphology of individual bones. You will
also learn to identify the dentition in situ
as well as isolated teeth and those which
are developing, resorbing and worn. This
detailed knowledge of the human skeleton
builds up over the module with regular
marked assessments and feedback sessions.
By the end of this module, students can
confidently identify and side juvenile
and adult teeth and bones even when
fragmentary.
impact of taphonomic alterations and their
impact on analyses are discussed.
Analysis of Human Remains
The 20-credit analysis of human
remains module teaches a wide range
of osteological techniques, from age
estimation and sex assessment to metrical
analyses (stature, cranial and post-cranial
indices), morphological variation and the
identification of non-metric traits and
ancestry assessment. The calculation of
minimum number of individuals (MNI),
the analysis of cremated remains and
identification of pathological lesions are
introduced. Throughout the module the
Introduction to Archaeozoology
A key skill for any anthropologist is to be
able to separate human from animal bone
confidently, and increasingly employers are
looking for osteologists who can assist in
the analysis of faunal remains – therefore
as well as developing key osteological skills,
this 10-credit module aims to increase
employability. This module introduces the
identification and analysis of animal bones
and explores the different themes and
research questions that can be addressed
using archaeozoological remains.
Quantitative Methods
This 10-credit module introduces students
to data handling and manipulation, data
types and how results can be tested to
reveal statistically significant results. A
full understanding of which statistical
tests should be used on different types of
data to answer a variety of questions is
a fundamental research technique. This
module allows students to understand how
published datasets have been manipulated,
to assess the rigour of published papers, and
helps them develop appropriate recording
techniques for their dissertation, ensuring
their results can be tested appropriately.
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Research Skills
The research skills module (10 credits) is
designed to help students prepare for their
dissertation research over the summer. It
teaches key transferable skills including
project design and time management, and
allows students to develop their ideas in a
supportive environment.
Optional Modules*
Students select two out of three optional
modules that deal with the application
of scientific principles to archaeological
(including human) remains and the
archaeological context from which they
derive. The option modules available as
part of the MSc Human Osteology and
Palaeopathology are:
Funerary Archaeology
The funerary archaeology module places
human remains in their cultural context.
Different theoretical approaches to the
study of funerary remains and key themes
such as age and the lifecourse, status, sex
and gender, ethnicity and deviant burials
are explored for a variety of time periods.
The module is led by Dr Karina Croucher
and team-taught by staff from across the
School.
Topics in Archaeometry
This module provides a grounding in
scientific methods in archaeology, with
coverage of the application of dating,
biomolecular archaeology and isotopic
analysis to archaeological questions.
Light Isotope Analysis
The light isotope analysis module is run as a
short-course over a three-day period in the
second semester. It provides a concentrated
introduction to isotope analysis, incorporating
lectures, practical laboratory sessions and
experimental coursework reports, and is ideal
for students who wish to specialise in isotope
analysis for their dissertation.
Dissertation
The dissertation is a substantial piece of
independent research, closely supervised by
an appropriate specialist and is undertaken
over the summer period. The topics are
drawn either from those suggested by the
staff or are a result of your existing interests.
The breadth and variety of opportunity on
the course is illustrated by this selection of
recent dissertation topics:
Skeletal trauma in children and
adolescents during England’s Industrial
Revolution
Food for the body, sustenance for the
soul: a stable isotope investigation
of diet at the Pictish monastery at
Portmahomack, Scotland
Visibility of episodic physiological stress
on Indian fasting individuals using
segmental isotope analysis
Assessment of sex from the sacrum in a
modern Portuguese population
Assessing tooth cementum annulation
(TCA) relative to macroscopic ageing
methods in an archaeological population/
assemblage
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The condemned man? A criminological
and osteological analysis of the sex and
age imbalance in Anglo-Saxon execution
cemeteries
Osteological evidence of judicial
mutilation in Anglo-Saxon execution
cemeteries
Are enthesopathies useful indicators of
past occupation activities?
Human dissection and autopsy during the
19th century: an examination using
scanning electron microscopy
Stable isotopes as an indication of
weaning age at the Anglo-Saxon site of
Raunds Furnells
Bioarchaeological analysis of the human
skeletal remains from Lobang Jeragan,
Sarawak, Malaysia
Diagnosing scoliosis in archaeological
human remains
An evaluation of search techniques,
including cadaver dogs for historic
conflict mass graves
Slavery in post-Medieval London:
assessing potential osteological
indicators
Identifying scurvy from collagen in
archaeological remains
Victorian faces: an investigation of
changes in the morphology of the human
viscerocranium
More than a rickety diet: Can the level
of hydroxylation in bone be used as a
biomarker for infantile scurvy?
Investigating the transition from premonastic to monastic diet in medieval
male individuals
Assessment
Different methods of assessment are used
as appropriate to the learning outcomes,
including essays, skeletal reports,
journal critiques, bone quizzes, written
examinations, oral presentations, and the
MSc dissertation.
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COURSE OUTLINE
Palaeopathology
The 30-credit palaeopathology module
introduces the range of pathological
abnormalities that can be observed in skeletal
remains. We use a clinical basis for the
understanding of palaeopathology and have
two clinicians on the team: Dr Julia Beaumont
and Professor Keith Manchester. Each staff
member teaches their individual specialisms,
making the module dynamic and exciting.
Each week, students participate in threehour laboratory sessions, examining and
diagnosing a wide range of specimens, with
supporting radiographs. In Bradford we are
extremely fortunate in being able to choose
from multiple cases of many diseases, to
ensure our students see variations in lesion
types as well as the widest possible range of
pathological conditions.
SPECIAL FEATURES
Special
features
High-quality learning experience
A friendly atmosphere
The University of Bradford is an ideal
choice for studying Human Osteology
and Palaeopathology – we have led the
field since 1980 and have been teaching
postgraduates since 1991. The School
of Archaeological Sciences delivers
integrated and innovative research.
In the 2014 Research Excellence
Framework (REF), 70% of our research
was found to be world leading or
internationally excellent. Academic staff
are all active in their fields of research,
which ensures that they present the
most up-to-date information through
their teaching.
With an intake of around 40
postgraduates in Archaeological
Sciences per year, you will experience
a close-knit community of Master’s
students. The integrated nature of our
courses means that some of the modules
will also include students from other
Master’s programmes, both in the School
of Archaeological Sciences and within
the wider Faculty of Life Sciences.
Focus on practical skills
The course integrates both theoretical
and practical elements, allowing you to
evaluate and apply a range of different
methods to human skeletal remains.
By the end of the Master’s programme,
you will have analysed and examined
a large number of different skeletons,
increasing your awareness of normal
skeletal variation and also variation
in the appearance of pathological
conditions. You will develop specialist
knowledge in a specific aspect of human
osteology following the completion of
the research project.
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Students are encouraged to participate
in focused discussion groups, such
as the postgraduate student ‘Brown
Bag’ seminars, and the Journal Club
that critiques recent articles. We
also encourage you to attend weekly
Guest Lecture Series where prominent
scholars from other institutions
(and from within the School) talk on
cutting-edge research – a valuable
complement to the formal taught
component of the programme which is
a major benefit of our status as a top
research School. MSc Human Osteology
and Palaeopathology students are
supported informally via the Wednesday
afternoon Open Lab and by the Bone
Café immediately afterwards.
Key Features
25 years of teaching
osteology and
palaeopathology at
postgraduate level
Access to over
4,000 skeletons
Dedicated osteology
laboratories, isotope
laboratory and
analytical equipment
Award-winning
teaching team
Excellent career
opportunities
Opportunities are also provided for you
to participate in the School’s research
projects throughout the course of
your Master’s programme. This would
allow you to gain contacts with other
academics and research staff working
both in Bradford and beyond, as well as
research and undergraduate students,
and technical staff.
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SPECIAL FEATURES
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
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11
Facilities and
resources
FACILITIES AND RESOURCES
Students are
taught in
state-of-the-art
osteology
laboratories
Laboratories and equipment
in Archaeological Sciences
Archaeological Sciences at the University of
Bradford has pioneered the teaching of scientific
archaeology, and is one of the best-equipped
scientific archaeology departments in the country.
We have laboratories and facilities covering the full
range of archaeological specialisms, including:
Human osteology
Histology
Microscopy
Forensic taphonomy
Biomolecular archaeology
Environmental archaeology
Geophysics
Scientific dating
Computing
Conservation
Digitisation
Lithic microwear
Specialist analytical equipment is available to
students, housed both within the School of
Archaeological Sciences and in the Centre for
Chemical and Structural Analysis (Analytical
Centre), and includes:
An Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass
Spectrometer (ICP-MS) with laser ablation facility
Light-stable isotope mass spectrometers
Optical and electron microscopy
High Performance Liquid Chromotography (HPLC)
X-radiography
X-ray fluorescence
X-ray diffraction
Raman and magnetic analyses
The School owns an extensive array of equipment
required for fieldwork and survey, including both
geophysical (Multiplexed Earth Resistance, Dual
Magnetometer, and Ground-Penetrating Radar) and
topographic survey instrumentation (Electronic
Distance Measurers, GPS). The Oxenhope field
station is used for taphonomy experiments and
simulated forensic exercises, and the Crime Scene
Facility is used for further simulated forensic
scenarios. In addition to the scientific laboratories,
there are also a number of project offices for the
major research projects being carried out in the
School, housing research staff and students as well
as any project-related equipment and materials.
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FACILITIES AND RESOURCES
Osteology laboratories
and equipment
The Biological Anthropology Research
Centre (BARC) has three dedicated
osteology labs. Postgraduate students
have access to the Keith Manchester
laboratory, our main teaching space,
whenever it is not being used for
teaching, and also have access to
the Osteology Workroom at all times.
Staff and PhD students work in the
Don Ortner research laboratory.
We hold an extensive archive of
osteological reports, offprints and
dissertations in the BARC. We have
access to dedicated bone histology
equipment, including a microtome saw
and polisher/grinder, and a variety
of transmitted and reflected light
microscopes. All of our osteology
labs contain light boxes and screens
for viewing radiographs, osteometric
boards and both spreading and sliding
callipers as well as more specialised
osteometric equipment including
dental and co-ordinating callipers, and
a torsiometer, which are sometimes
used for dissertation research.
Students can borrow osteometric
equipment if they are working away
from Bradford. We also have variableangle medical endoscopic equipment
for the examination of otherwise
inaccessible areas of the skeleton such
as the endocranial cavity, maxillary
antra and middle ear cavities.
The School’s radiography laboratory
allows us to take radiographs using
an industrial set-up (providing more
control over radiation dose and
exposure time than conventional
medical equipment). The specialised
radiography scanner allows us to
digitise film radiographs for inclusion
in reports and teaching, and we have
made many of these available over
the internet as part of the Digitised
Diseases project.
Osteology collections and resources
The BARC holds an extensive collection
of human skeletal remains, numbering
over 4,000 skeletons. These date from
the Neolithic to the 19th century, and
include internationally important sites
such as the mass grave from the Battle
of Towton (AD 1461, reputedly the
bloodiest battle fought on English soil),
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
remains from a medieval leprosarium
and almshouse in Chichester, and
Wetwang Slack, the largest excavated
Iron Age cemetery in the UK. Most of
the skeletal collection is on loan to
the BARC from a variety of regional
museums, and we regularly arrange
access for students at other institutions
both in the UK and overseas to
undertake their dissertation research.
Our labs are equipped with a large
range of osteological equipment and
reference casts.
The BARC also curates an extensive
collection of over 5,000 radiographs,
both skeletal and clinical. It is
acknowledged that our clinical
leprosy radiographs from 20thcentury India, Nepal and Ethiopia
are without equal in the UK. The
University Library holds the Calvin
Wells archive, with many books and
papers on palaeopathology collected
and written by Calvin. The immense
collection of 35mm photographic slides
of palaeopathological, physical and
cultural anthropology built by Calvin
Wells are currently being digitised for
teaching and reference.
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STAFF AND EXPERTISE
Staff and
expertise
DR JO
BUCKBERRY
DR HANNAH
KOON
DR JULIA
BEAUMONT
Senior Lecturer
in Biological
Anthropology
Lecturer in
Archaeological
Sciences
Lecturer in
Biological
Anthropology
COURSE MANAGER
Email: j.buckberry@bradford.ac.uk
Jo is a specialist in human osteoarchaeology
and palaeopathology. Her research
interests include the development, testing
and refinement of age estimation and sex
assessment methods; health, nutrition and
life expectancy in past societies; the funerary
archaeology of the Anglo-Saxon, medieval and
post-medieval periods; and interpretation of
trauma patterns, including those at execution
sites. She is passionate about public outreach,
having recently completed the Wellcome Trust
supported project ‘You Are What You Ate’
with colleagues at the University of Leeds and
Wakefield Museum. Jo regularly collaborates
with colleagues in Bradford, the rest of the
UK and overseas and is on the committees
of the Paleopathology Association and the
British Association for Biological Anthropology
and Osteoarchaeology. She leads the
modules ‘Analysis of Human Remains’ and
‘Palaeopathology’. She also contributes to
‘Funerary Archaeology’
Hannah is a biomolecular archaeologist
who is a specialist in bone chemistry
and nutritional deficiency diseases.
She is interested in the application of
morphological and biochemical methods to
human bone in order to investigate growth,
diet and disease in past populations. She has
diverse interests in archaeological science,
ranging from biological anthropology to
dietary isotopes, and the application of
novel proteomic approaches to detect
diseases that alter bone matrix. This is
underpinned by research on taphonomy and
bone diagenesis, particularly focused on
the effects of cooking and the depositional
environment on the survival of ancient
proteins. Hannah supervises MSc Human
Osteology and Palaeopathology students
for their dissertations and teaches on the
modules ‘Topics in Archaeometry’, ‘Light
Isotope Analysis’ and ‘Palaeopathology’.
With 30 years of experience as a dentist/
orthodontist, Julia’s areas of interest include
facial and dental development and oral
diseases but also the isotope analysis of
the hair, teeth and bones. She is currently
developing research methods aimed at
improving the temporal resolution of
isotope analysis for the interpretation of
diet, migration, and health and disease in
past populations. Current research includes
analysis of the teeth of modern individuals
to establish isotopic profiles from healthy
individuals and potential applications
to forensic dentistry. She is a member
of the British Association for Biological
Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology, and the
British Association of Forensic Odontologists.
Julia co-ordinates ‘Musculoskeletal
Anatomy’, and contributes to ‘Topics in
Archaeometry’, ‘Light Isotope Analysis’ and
‘Palaeopathology’.
Vice-Chancellor’s Excellence in Learning and Teaching Awards
Professor Brian Cantor, Vice-Chancellor of the University
of Bradford, presents awards to recognise staff who have
demonstrated excellence in learning and teaching at the
University. Teaching teams are recognised for their excellence
in three areas: excellence in practice, raising the profile of
excellence, and developing excellence in self and others.
In 2014 the Human Remains Teaching Team (Jo Buckberry,
Andrew Wilson, Hannah Koon and Julia Beaumont) were one of
five winning teams. They were recognised for showing the strong
connection between research and teaching, and maximising wider
impact through developing and producing a digital bone library
14
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(Digitised Diseases) that offers a global resource for chronic
disease identification.
The award was nominated by MSc Human Osteology and
Palaeopathology students Owain Wells and Laura Castells
Navarro. Owain (who also completed his BSc Archaeology at
Bradford) said: “Now in my sixth year within the department it
is clear that the team have a love for their subject which comes
through in their engagement with their students, and the effort
which they put into their lectures and teaching resources. Their
lectures are both engaging and fascinating and their support and
encouragement makes learning both enjoyable and rewarding. The
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
DR ANDREW
WILSON
DR KARINA
CROUCHER
Senior Lecturer in
Forensic and
Archaeological
Sciences
Lecturer in
Archaeology
Karina is a specialist in funerary archaeology,
predominantly of the Neolithic of Southwest
Asia (the Near East). Taking a social
perspective, Karina’s work focuses on
themes of identity, gender and personhood
in the past, examining the lived body as well
as the body through death. This includes
investigating relationships between the living
and the dead, and the living’s interactions
with their worlds around them, including their
material culture, their environments, and
human-animal relationships. Karina leads
the ‘Funerary Archaeology’ module at the
University of Bradford and has previously
worked for the Higher Education Academy,
examining topics such as diversity and
inclusivity, fieldwork, and the employability of
archaeology graduates.
Honorary Visiting
Professor of
Palaeopathology
Keith is a clinician and palaeopathologist
who considers that it is vital to an
understanding of diseases in antiquity,
that modern medical data are integrated
into the discipline of palaeopathology. His
research interests cover skeletal changes,
their pathogenesis, current clinical
relevance, and palaeopathological diagnostic
criteria of leprosy and tuberculosis. He
contributes to the ‘Palaeopathology’ module,
providing a series of lectures and practical
demonstrations that incorporate the clinical
interpretation of palaeopathological lesions
(infectious and neoplastic disease), drawing
on the literary record and his own personal
clinical experience.
team challenge and push students, helping them achieve to a high standard
and giving them many opportunities within the department and osteological
community. Personally, I have been lucky to have them not only teach me but
to work with them during my undergraduate placement, have them as both my
BSc and MSc dissertation supervisors and have them encourage me to present
a poster at the BABAO conference”, while Laura said: “Throughout the course,
the support from the staff - a perfect balance between close tutoring and
laissez-faire - is continuous and outstanding. This kind of supervision allows
the student to grow competent and secure in a variety of specialist and of
transverse skills; knowing that, at all times, there will be a guide if needed as
well as encouraging the student to improve and promoting scientific curiosity”.
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STAFF AND EXPERTISE
Andrew has diverse interests in the study
of human remains, ranging from the use of
novel imaging and visualisation approaches
to interpret and present pathological change
in bone, to understanding taphonomic
alteration and conservation needs. Andrew
has particular interests in palaeopathology,
the field of mummy studies and with postmedieval assemblages and employs a range of
biochemical approaches (stable light isotopes,
characterisation and separation techniques)
to reconstruct life histories (exploiting
incremental changes in human tissues,
especially hair). Andrew frequently supervises
MSc Human Osteology and Palaeopathology
students for their dissertations. He teaches
on the ‘Topics in Archaeometry’ module
and is Head of Postgraduate Programmes in
Archaeological Sciences.
PROFESSOR
KEITH
MANCHESTER
The student view
THE STUDENT VIEW
RONIKA
POWER
TIM
GOCHA
In 2006, I was fortunate to be named as
a British Council Commonwealth Scholar
and was able to choose from all of the
universities in the United Kingdom for my
postgraduate studies. Quite simply, there
was no contest.
As part of the Faculty of Life Sciences, myself
and my colleagues also accessed leading-edge
technologies when our projects intersected
with broader research fields within the
archaeologies of materials, the environment
and geosciences.
The key resource areas of staff, facilities,
curriculum and opportunities offered by the
Biological Anthropology Research Centre
(BARC) at the University of Bradford clearly
identified them as ‘the best of the best’ in
the field of Human Osteology, both in the UK
and on a global scale.
I found the curriculum offered within the
MSc Human Osteology and Palaeopathology
course both comprehensive and flexible.
All essential components of the study
of archaeological human remains were
addressed by compulsory syllabus modules,
while at the same time I was able to select
from a range of electives, allowing me
to develop my career specialty from the
commencement of my studies. This approach
is undoubtedly one of the main reasons
behind the high employment rate sustained
by BARC graduates over the years.
Having completed my MSc in Human
Osteology and Palaeopathology in 2007,
I can say that each of the key resource
areas at BARC exceeded my expectations.
BARC staff are without par in terms of
their teaching skills, research activity and
pastoral care. Their teaching and learning
philosophy revolves around ‘inclusion’. As
a result, students are visible and active in
every one of the Centre’s machinations:
from collaborative research to teaching
evaluation, laboratory work, policy and
procedural development and social
activities. As a result, both myself and
my colleagues felt a sense of ownership
and contribution towards our education,
as opposed to mere participation.
BARC’s facilities provided me with an
unparalleled opportunity to excel. I was
given unfettered on-site access to the
largest archaeological teaching-based
skeletal collection in the UK.
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Peer-support was of the highest priority,
and myself and my cohort add teamwork,
collegiality and collaboration to the portfolio
of skills and experience we take with us to
the workplace.
When I decided to study Human Osteology
and Palaeopathology at the University
of Bradford, I was already aware of their
reputation for excellence.
The educational experience I encountered
during my year there, however, served only
to exceed my already high expectations. The
members of staff, with their various areas of
expertise, were able to provide a very wellrounded curriculum; this was complemented
by the extensive skeletal collections unique
to Bradford.
I left feeling I had received a world-class
education that could not have been realised
at any other institution. Choosing the
Biological Anthropology Research Centre at
Bradford for my Master’s degree has thus
far been the most rewarding decision of my
academic career.
After completing his MSc in Bradford,
Tim completed a PhD at Ohio State
University.
I unreservedly recommend the MSc Human
Osteology and Palaeopathology and wish to
thank my colleagues and BARC staff for their
continued support and encouragement.
Ronika is now a post-doctoral researcher at
the University of Cambridge.
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
FELICIA
FRICKE
JESSICA
FISHER
The School contains excellent lab facilities.
The archaeologists form a friendly, relaxed
community, and the very approachable
lecturers encourage students to ask
questions and become involved in
the School beyond the bounds of their
academic courses.
You may hear people say rather unflattering
things about Bradford city. However, once
you have lived there a couple of weeks it
becomes clear that there are many hidden
gems. A thriving arts community and a brilliant
bier café are two examples. Bradford is also
surrounded by gorgeous villages reached
easily and cheaply by train. And if you feel you
need some more cosmopolitan entertainment,
Leeds is only 20 minutes away!
The University of Bradford is a perfect example
of how well multiculturalism can work. During
my MSc I lived in a house with people from
Japan, Nigeria, Switzerland, India, Italy, Taiwan,
France and China. I can now say I have friends
all over the world. The University also puts a
strong emphasis on environmental issues and
the Students’ Union houses a wide range of
student events and societies as well as very
good welfare facilities.
On completion of her studies, Felicia worked
as an archaeologist on a series of cemetery
excavations. She is now undertaking doctoral
research at the University of Kent.
Joining the Human Osteology and
Palaeopathology MSc course at the
University of Bradford was one of the best
decisions I’ve made for my academic career.
The HOP programme is entirely unique
and unlike any other programme available
in the field of biological anthropology. As
an American student, I was considerably
nervous when I began the course, not
knowing what to expect. I was welcomed
into the programme by friendly classmates
and supportive, knowledgeable, and
encouraging supervisors and instructors.
One of the most attractive aspects of
Bradford’s HOP programme was the
collection housed by the Biological
Anthropology Research Centre. My
undergraduate university had only four
skeletons available for students to analyse;
BARC contains over 4,000! The resources
and contacts available through the University
were also extremely beneficial for research.
My dissertation allowed me to collaborate
with a local museum and present at a
national conference.
I will never forget my experiences at the
University of Bradford, and the knowledge
and confidence I gained will continue with me
through life. I made lifelong friends in both
colleagues and instructors and look forward
to seeing where their exceptional work takes
them in the future.
Jessica now works as a field archaeologist/
osteoarchaeologist for a CRM company in
northern California.
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THE STUDENT VIEW
I found the University of Bradford’s MSc
Human Osteology and Palaeopathology
to be one of the best things I have ever
done. Students are provided with a rounded
approach towards the study of skeletal
remains in archaeology, including the study
of animal bones and human anatomy. They
are also encouraged to pursue their own
specific interests within the discipline.
A large skeletal reference collection
provides hands-on experience of many
palaeopathological conditions and the
assignments set are a good and realistic
preparation for professional employment.
CAREERS, FURTHER STUDY AND ADMISSIONS REQUIREMENTS
Careers, further study and
admissions requirements
The course prepares students not only for research
in human osteology and palaeopathology, but also
furthers career prospects in archaeology or the
heritage sector. The course is well suited both to
students who wish to use it as a foundation from
which to commence research or as vocational
training to enhance employment prospects in
archaeology. Career destinations have included
PhDs at the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge,
Durham, Bradford, Sheffield, Liverpool, Manchester,
Ohio State (US), Arizona State (US), Macquarie
(Sydney, Australia), Otago (Dunedin, New Zealand)
and Stockholm (Sweden); osteologists working for
archaeological units and museums; archaeological
project managers; excavators; museum officers;
curators; teachers; and radiographers.
FURTHER
INFORMATION
POSTGRADUATE
ADMISSIONS OFFICE
School of Archaeological Sciences
University of Bradford
Bradford
West Yorkshire
BD7 1DP
fls-postgradcourse-admissions
@bradford.ac.uk
tel: 01274 234706
fax: 01274 235600
www.bradford.ac.uk/archsci
First destination figures for Postgraduate Taught
Courses indicate that c.85% of graduates achieve
work or further student in the discipline or cognate
areas within six months of graduation.
Admissions
Acceptance on the Master’s programme requires
a Second-Class Honours degree or above in
Archaeology or another relevant or related
discipline. Other relevant qualifications and/or
professional experience will be considered. For
North American students a GPA of normally 2.5 and
above on a scale of 4.0 is required, or an equivalent.
Course Starting
September.
Fees
For up-to-date information about our postgraduate
course fees please see www.bradford.ac.uk/feesand-financial-support/.
English Langauge Requirements
If your native language is not English, you will need
to pass a test in English approved by the University
before you can be admitted. The International
English Language Testing System test (IELTS)
administered by the British Council is the test which
is preferred by the University. You will need to
achieve an overall score of at least 6.0, with at least
5.5 in each of the four sub-tests (speaking, listening,
reading, writing). Testing facilities are available at
most British Council overseas offices. When you
take the test, you should ask for a copy of your Test
Report Form to be sent to the University.
Alternative English language tests include:
The Pearson Test of English Academic (PTE-A);
for which you will need to achieve an overall
score of at least 55, with at least 51 in each of
the four sub-tests; or
TOEFL, for which you will need to score at least
80 on the internet-based test, with sub-tests not
less than Speaking 20, Listening 17, Reading 18,
Writing 17.
Please note we no longer accept the TOEIC test.
English Language Test providers:
Web: IELTS - www.ielts.org
Web: TOEFL - www.ets.org
Web: Pearson PTE Academic – www.pearsonpte.com
For more information, see www.bradford.ac.uk/
english-language-requirements
How to Apply
Please apply online at www.bradford.ac.uk/
postgraduate/how-to-apply/
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W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
Student
support
International Office
Students with Disabilities
The School of Archaeological Sciences has always encouraged
applications from students with disabilities, whose applications
are considered on the same academic grounds as are applied to all
candidates. We make special provisions to provide a suitable learning
environment wherever possible. For more information, help and
advice, please contact the Disability Service.
English Lanaguage Support
We offer a range of courses for applicants who require English
language support. All students have access to free English language
support classes for the duration of their studies. There are also drop-in
sessions for students, as well as a full programme of English Language/
Academic Skills workshops. Please visit our website for details: www.
bradford.ac.uk/international/preparing-for-your-arrival/englishlanguage-support/ and www.bradford.ac.uk/study/languages
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
RESEARCH SECRETARY
AND POSTGRADUATE
ADMISSIONS
Graduate and Research
Support Office
Faculty of Life Sciences
University of Bradford
Bradford
West Yorkshire
BD7 1DP
flsresearchoffice@bradford.ac.uk
tel: 01274 234706
fax: 01274 235600
www.bradford.ac.uk/archsci
STUDENT SUPPORT
We have a long-standing tradition of welcoming students from
overseas and we are used to making newcomers to Bradford quickly
feel at home. The International Office is there to help you both before
and when your arrive. They also arrange regular trips throughout
the year to places of interest such as historic cities, famous towns,
castles and stately homes, as well as the beautiful countryside in the
surrounding area.
FURTHER
INFORMATION
INTERNATIONAL OFFICE
international-office@bradford.ac.uk
tel: 01274 235954
www.bradford.ac.uk/international
DISABILITY SERVICE
disabilities@bradford.ac.uk
tel: 01274 233739
fax: 01274 236200
www.bradford.ac.uk/disability
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Bradford
ON AND AROUND CAMPUS
On and around
campus
We’ve invested over £120 million in our bustling
City Campus and Emm Lane Campus to make sure
you get the most out of your time here – whether
you’re studying, working, relaxing or playing.
Located just five minutes’ walk from Bradford
city centre, the centrepiece of our refurbished
campus is the three-storey Student Central
building – the heart of student activity and
home to University of Bradford Students’ Union.
There’s also plenty of open green space for
you to enjoy on campus, including the grass
amphitheatre outside Student Central which
plays host to everything from sunbathing in
summer to sledging in winter.
Our new developments are among the most
environmentally-friendly buildings in the world,
and have seen us win numerous awards including
the Chartered Institution of Building Services
Engineers (CIBSE) Carbon Champion of Year 2012.
Students studying Management or Law-related
subjects study at the dedicated Emm Lane
parkland campus, two miles (25 minutes’ walk)
from the city centre, where beautiful historic
buildings stand side by side with the latest
state-of-the-art facilities. A dedicated free bus
service takes students between the Emm Lane
Campus and the City Campus.
Around Campus
You can choose from a wide range of places to eat
and drink, including the Global Food Market Atrium
Restaurant, which offers vegan and halal options,
and many other bars and cafés where you can
catch up with your coursemates over a cappuccino
or celebrate with friends on a night out. The
campus also boasts its own theatre, library, art
gallery and music centre.
Student Central
The Ents Mall houses four bars, a patio terrace
and a 1,300-capacity nightclub. The Union Mall has
open spaces for group study, student advice centres
and a well-stocked shop. You’ll also find plenty of
social and study spaces around the central atrium,
with teaching rooms, a 130-seat lecture theatre,
student services and a computer cluster.
Award-winning Facilities
Our award-winning £40 million student
accommodation, The Green, opened
in September 2011.
Our Fitness & Lifestyle sports centre boasts a
range of top facilities including a gym, swimming
pool and climbing wall, with a packed programme
of classes, beauty treatments and children’s
activities available at hugely competitive prices
(visit www.bradford.ac.uk/unique for more details).
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Accommodation
Many students choose to live in our £40m awardwinning eco-friendly student village, The Green.
Buildings are arranged as a small village, with
rooms available in apartments or townhouses.
Every building meets the highest standards of
sustainability, meaning it costs very little to heat
and light. The Green has a real community feel. It is
set in beautiful landscaped gardens, with places to
relax and socialise. For more details about what’s
available for our students, and for costs, visit
www.bradford.ac.uk/accommodation
Other halls of residence are available, and
students often choose to live in privately rented
accommodation. Student accommodation is
cheaper, easier to find and more conveniently
located in Bradford than in most other university
cities. Many students live within five minutes
of their lectures! Unipol Student Homes
(www.unipol.org.uk/bradford) offers a free advice
service to students, and is a good way of finding a
good-quality, safe place to live at a reasonable cost.
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
ON AND AROUND CAMPUS
£40m
award-winning, eco-friendly
student accommodation,
The Green
120+
student societies
and sports clubs
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
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21
City of
Bradford and
surroundings
CITY OF BRADFORD
Bradford is a vibrant, friendly, creative and
cosmopolitan city with a population of over
half a million people speaking around
70 different languages.
With a lively nightlife and a host of shops,
cinemas, sporting venues and cultural
attractions, it’s also one of the least expensive
student cities in the UK – offering you great
value for money too. Social life in Bradford
thrives in the multitude of small, independent
bars and restaurants dotted around the city centre
which, once discovered, will become like a second
home. You’ll also find an abundance of art,
music and theatre on your doorstep with
a wide variety of clubs and venues within a
few minutes’ walk of the City Campus.
A global city
The National Media Museum is one of the most
visited museum attractions outside London,
while the Alhambra Theatre is a major
touring venue offering top West End shows,
contemporary dance and ballet. There’s
also a wealth of grassroots culture to explore,
from artist sound walks around historic
Manningham to the flourishing poetry
and local music scenes.
Historically, Bradford was at the heart of the
Industrial Revolution and its rich Victorian
heritage is evident right across the city with
an abundance of handsome architecture.
More recent introductions include City Park,
an award-winning six-acre landscaped space
at the very heart of the city centre, featuring
a 4,000 square metre mirror pool, spectacular
laser light projections and over 100 fountains.
To support student travel around the
city, a free bus service links the City
Campus to the two railway stations,
the bus station and the city centre.
Almost three-quarters of the City of Bradford
district is green open space. The beautifully
landscaped Lister Park is within walking distance
of the city centre, and is situated next to the
University’s Faculty of Management and Law.
We’re a multicultural community, hosting a diverse
range of dazzling street events and flamboyant
festivals such as the annual Bradford Festival, a
vibrant, colourful and multicultural programme
of theatre, art, music and dance from around the
world. The city’s restaurants serve up a delicious
menu of world cuisine including Polish, Chinese,
Italian and Middle Eastern, while our famous curry
houses earned Bradford the title of Curry Capital
of Britain for a record-breaking fourth year in a
row - 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014.
The surrounding countryside is equally
breathtaking. The towns and villages of
Saltaire, Ilkley and Haworth are all popular
tourist attractions that are well worth a
visit in their own right.
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W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
CITY OF BRADFORD
FURTHER
INFORMATION
ABOUT BRADFORD
www.visitbradford.com
www.bradford.ac.uk/
the-city-of-bradford
ACCOMMODATION
www.bradford.ac.uk/
accommodation
74%
of the City of Bradford
district is made up
of green space
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
PG
COURSES
23
City campus map
MAP KEYS
L IS T E R H I
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S T RE E T
To A lh a m b r a T h e a t re
& C it y H a l l
Information
Controlled parking areas
(permit holders only)
Visitor car parking only.
Visitors must display a
visitor parking permit in
their car, which they can
obtain from Richmond
Building reception.
Main roads only shown
Map not to scale
COURSES
TO
R
Bus stops for the
number 99 free bus to
the Emm Lane Campus
REET
R ANDA L L W E L L S T
O
TH
Sat Nav
Postcode
BD7 1AZ
EA
Bus stops
Free city bus stops
GR
RAC
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Main entrances
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TU M BL ING HI LL S T REET
CA
2
ET
3
1
7
20
B
HI L L 5S TRE
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To L a i s t er i d g e
L a n e Si t e
8
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B B
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HO
Bus stop to
RTO
E mm L a n e
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C a mp u s
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T H O R N TO N ROA
HOW TO FIND US
CITY CAMPUS
1. Richmond Building
2. Atrium, Richmond Building
3. Richmond Building Workshop Block
4. ICT Building (Institute
of Cancer Therapeutics)
5. Norcroft Building and
Norcroft Centre
6. The Green
(student accommodation)
7. Horton A Building
8. Horton D Building
9. Chesham B Building
10. Chesham C Building
11. Student Central and
J B Priestley Building
12. Sports and Amenities
and Carlton Building
13. Pemberton Building
14. Ashfield Building
15. Phoenix Building South West
16. Phoenix Building North East
17. Bright Building (re:centre –
Education and Sustainable
Development Centre)
18. Cavendish Building (STEM Centre)
19. Forster Building (Eye Clinic)
20. Peace Garden
PG
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
Map and directions
How to find us
FURTHER
INFORMATION
FOR MORE INFORMATION
AND MAPS SEE
www.bradford.ac.uk/maps
HOW TO FIND US
Getting here
Bradford is easy to get to, located
right in the middle of the UK with
excellent road and rail links and
its own international airport.
An extensive coach service
also connects most parts of the
country with Bradford’s Travel
Interchange. Postcodes for
our sites are BD7 1DP (Sat Nav
postcode BD7 1AZ) for the City
Campus and BD9 4JL for
the Emm Lane Campus.
By air
Leeds/Bradford International
Airport has a range of daily
domestic flights to/from
destinations across the UK,
as well as regular connecting
flights to/from Amsterdam
and other major European
locations. Manchester Airport,
50 miles away, serves a range
of international destinations.
By road
Bradford is connected to the
national motorway network by
the M62 and M606, which we
recommend you use if arriving
from the south, east or west.
Use the A629/A650 via Skipton
and Keighley if arriving from the
north west, or the A1 or A19 if
arriving from the north east. The
University is clearly signposted
on all major routes into the city.
Approximate travel distances are:
London
200 miles (320 km)
Leeds 8 miles (13 km)
York 33 miles (53 km)
Manchester 35 miles (56 km)
Birmingham 120 miles (192 km)
Edinburgh 200 miles (320 km)
By rail
Bradford Interchange has
extensive rail links, many of
which involve changing at Leeds.
There are some direct trains from
London to Bradford. The free City
Bus service operates between
the railway stations and the City
Campus. Approximate journey
times are:
BRADFORD
London (King’s Cross)
3 hours
Leeds 20 minutes
York 1 hour
Manchester 1 hour
Birmingham 3 hours
Edinburgh 4 hours
Glasgow 4 hours
The contents of this publication represent the intentions of the University at the time of printing. The University reserves the right to alter or
withdraw courses, services and facilities as described in this booklet without notice and to amend Ordinances, Regulations, fees and charges at
any time. Students should enquire as to the up-to-date position when applying for their course of study. Admittance to the University is subject
to the requirement that the student complies with the University’s admissions procedures and observes the Charter and Statutes and the
Ordinances and Regulations of the University.
W W W. B R A D F O R D . A C . U K /A R C H S C I
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School of Archaeological
Sciences
POSTGRADUATE
ADMISSIONS OFFICE
School of Archaeological Sciences
University of Bradford
Bradford
West Yorkshire
BD7 1DP
fls-postgradcourse-admissions
@bradford.ac.uk
tel: 01274 234706
fax: 01274 235600
www.bradford.ac.uk/archsci