DOSB I Network Project - Integration durch Sport

Transcription

The Network Project “Physical Activity and Health – Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“ was promoted thanks
to the ﬁnancial support by the Federal Ministry for Public Health in the period from September 2008 to February 2011.
This documentation is presented to you by:
Deutscher Olympischer SportBund I Otto-Fleck-Schneise 12 I D-60528 Frankfurt am Main
Tel. +49 (0) 69 / 67 00 0 I Fax +49 (0) 69 / 67 00 140 I www.dosb.de I E-Mail office@dosb.de
DOSB I Network Project “Physical Activity and Health – Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“
Network Project: “Physical Activity and Health – Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“
DOSB I Women W in!
DOSB I Network Project
“Physical Activity and Health –
Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“
Project documentation and more
The German Olympic Sports Confederation is the independent umbrella organization of all sport associations in Germany and represents over 91.000 sport clubs and more than 27.6 Million members.
DOSB supports Competitive Sport and Sports for All.
I2
Contents
I Greeting
of the Federal Minister Dr. Philipp Rösler ...................................................7
I Introduction
of the Network Project by
DOSB Vice-President Ilse Ridder-Melchers ..................................................................8
I Network
Project: “Physical Activity and Health – Motivating more
Female Migrants for Sports“ . ..................................................................................... 11
Promoting the sporting engagement of girls and women with
a migratory background (Prof. Dr. Christa Kleindienst-Cachay and Katrin Neumann).. .............. 12
The role of sports clubs as catalyzers of the intercultural opening of our society
(Prof. Dr. Heather Cameron)............................................................................................... 18
What is our understanding of “integration“? (Verena Zschippang).. ....................................... 22
I Promotion
of Health for and of Female Migrants .................................................... 25
A way towards an integrating attendance (Ramazan Salman)................................................ 26
The significance of sport for femininity (Dr. med. Gisela Gille)............................................... 30
I Sport,
Women and Religion ........................................................................................ 35
I Examples of Good Practice – German Life Saving Association e. V. (DLRG).............. 71
Local Group Grömitz, Local Group Wolfsburg, Local Group Waldshut-Tiengen
I Examples
of Good Practice – German Gymnastics Federation e. V. (DTB) ............. 79
Gymnastics Club Kesselstadt 1860, Gymnastics Club Hanau 1837,
Gymnastics and Sports Club 1860 Hanau, SKG Sprendlingen
I Examples of Good Practice – Regional Sports Confederation
Baden-Wuerttemberg, e. V. (LSV BW). ......................................................................... 89
MTV Stuttgart, TB Cannstatt, TV 89 Zuffenhausen, TB Untertürkheim, SKG Gablenberg
I Examples
of Good Practice – Sports Youth (SJB) in the Regional Sports
Confederation Berlin , e. V.......................................................................................... 101
Erster Berliner Judo Club, Grupo “Menino do Curuzu“, “Seitenwechsel“ (Changing Sides),
“No Style Combat“
I The Federal Program “Integration Through Sport“ .................................................. 111
I Examples of Good Practice – “Integration Through Sport“
The power of glances cast at the female body (Prof. Dr. Birgit Krawietz)................................ 36
of the Federal-State Coordination Centers ................................................................ 115
The role of sport in Islam (Bekir Alboga).............................................................................. 40
Hamburg Sports Confederation e. V., Regional Sports Confederation Lower-Saxony e. V.,
Sport overcomes religious and cultural borders (Sidar Demirdögen).. ...................................... 42
Regional Sports Confederation for the Saarland e. V., Sports Youth Hesse e. V.
I Networking
I Conclusions
and City District Work ............................................................................ 45
Powerful network, powerful sport, powerful community (Verena Zschippang).. ....................... 46
I The
Qualification of Specialists and Managers . ....................................................... 49
“Sport in an intercultural context“ (Verena Zschippang).. ...................................................... 50
Intercultural learning in sport (Andreas Schmitz and Anno Kluß)............................................ 52
I Ready
– Steady – Go! . ................................................................................................. 57
Jointly Heading for New strength: Interview with Thomas Ritter............................................ 58
I Examples
of Good-Practice – German Jujutsu Federation e. V. (DJJV) . .................. 61
Berlin Jujutsu Federation/Budo Club Berlin, Kodokan Hamburg,
Todtglüsinger Sports Club of 1930, TV 1868 Burghausen/SV Gendorf Burgkirchen
and Recommendations for Action ...................................................... 133
How and where to reach female migrants?........................................................................ 134
What do we need to consider when working out the program?........................................... 136
What did we learn about female migrants?.. ...................................................................... 140
How do we make our clubs fit for the future?.. .................................................................. 141
How can clubs be supported in their integration work?.. ..................................................... 145
(Verena Zschippang)
Intercultural opening in sport – practice-oriented and bearing good prospects
(Andreas Schmitz and Anno Kluß)..................................................................................... 146
Tool of the German Sports Youth for “Intercultural Opening“ ............................................ 150
I Words
of Thanks . ....................................................................................................... 158
Advisory Council of the Project, Evaluation
I Imprint ......................................................................................................................... 162
4I
I5
Greeting of the Federal Minister Dr. Philipp Rösler
Federal Ministry of Public Health
Dear readers,
Physical activity is good for health. Everybody knows it, and the over 91,000 sports
clubs in Germany illustrate that many people use their free time to practice sports.
The importance of sport for our health is not only a subject of lots of talk and
written reports, but many people are enthusiastic about sports and actively take
part in it.
We rightly not only attribute health-promoting functions to sport but also qualities
which unite peoples and foster international understanding, since sporting activities
promote tolerance and team spirit.
In particular, sports clubs can be of great help for our male and female citizens with a migratory background in
order to integrate themselves more quickly in our society and to develop a sense of belonging. However, up to
now, especially girls and women were rather hesitant in using the programs offered by the sports clubs.
To also enthuse them for sport and to break down and to reduce inhibition thresholds, the German Olympic
Sports Confederation started the network project „Physical Activity and Health – Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“ in 2008, in cooperation with the Federal Ministry of Public Health.
In this project, which was implemented in five selected sport federations and more than 20 clubs, women and
girls not only got to know what club sport is about, but they were also familiarized with our public health system
and could even participate in a language course, for example. The network project „Physical Activity and Health
– Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“ was intended to specifically address women with a migratory
background to clarify that integration does not necessarily mean to deny one‘s own cultural roots , but to enrich
them with additional experience.
After all, even Winston Churchill managed to do the balancing act from “no sports“ to “an hour in sport is never
time lost“.
The findings which all participating parties gained in the course of this important project are laid down in this
brochure.
Dr. Philipp Rösler
Federal Minister
6I
I7
Introduction of the network project by
DOSB Vice-President Ilse Ridder-Melchers
Sport Is the Door-Opener
for Sustainable Integration
activity. They often just lack the knowledge where and
swimming badge, while the municipal girls‘ meeting
respect, we owe very special thanks to all sports instruc-
term which, at the first glance, has little to do with our
how to get what they want, in a country which most
point organized an accompanying counseling for the
tors and exercise leaders. Moreover, time was scarce to
own life. ‚Globalization‘ is such a term. It takes place
of them are not familiar with. This is exactly the point
young female swimmers on questions of job application.
coordinate sport programs, develop additional course
somewhere in the world. But we also feel in which way
where our network project “Physical Activity and Health
In this way, sports clubs and communal partners mutually
parts and to get suitable facilities.
the world becomes narrower and the globe gets tangibly
– Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“ comes
opened new doors for creative ideas and feasible forms
The work bore fruit, not only for sport but also for the co-
smaller. We experience this phenomenon in our eve-
in. We focused on the aim to try many different varia-
of additional help – integration, as a pack of two! In the
operation partners outside sport: it resulted in the creation
ryday life: there is the Turkish greengrocer‘s shop, just
tions in order to find out which kind of approach was
DOSB we were particularly interested in finding out the
of networks, trying out ways of cooperation that can be
round the corner, the Spanish ‚tapas‘ bar in the hip part
needed and which were the obstacles that kept female
most promising factors for successful programs to make
used in the future and go beyond the range of the project.
of town, the Thai massage next to the super-market, the
migrants from participating in club sports.
our clubs fit(er) for the integration of female migrants.
In short: The network project was a raving success.
“Integration“- that‘s another vogue term. Globalization
A Magic Formula: Sport + X = Integration,
as a Pack of Two
Innovative Project Experiments with a
Long-Term Added Value
Globalization in the Sports Club?
Female Migrants Make it Possible!
seems to be piggybacking it. Because there are not only
Our network project acted upon the basic maxim to
The program had a duration of 2.5 years and was fi-
All federations and clubs should benefit from the valua-
the Turkish greengrocer and the Spanish waitress, their
think out of the “sporting box“. For this purpose, we
nanced by the Federal Ministry of Public Health. Accord-
ble experience gained by this network project, and – last
children and parents are living in the middle of our so-
needed communal partners who were experienced in
ing to the decision of a jury, we selected the German
but not the least – the girls and women whom we won
ciety, too. Or this does not apply, in case they have not
intercultural work and would be able to develop specific
Jujutsu Federation, the German Life Saving Association,
over in favor of sport. Now, a matter of special interest
become an inherent part of our town or community, due
programs for female migrants. We named our effective
the German Gymnastics Federation, the Regional Sports
to us is the question: How can we make sports clubs
to language difficulties, cultural differences, or just be-
formula of approach “Sport + X“. This means that the
Confederation of Baden-Wuerttemberg and the Sports
more attractive for girls and women, in general, and for
cause of their lack of knowledge of their opportunities
clubs would organize the sports program, while educa-
Youth in the Regional Sports Confederation of Berlin
those with a migratory background, in particular? How
in our society which confronts them with almost insur-
tional institutions and counseling centers, schools and
for participation in the project. An advisory council,
can we raise the interest of people in matters of pre-
mountable obstacles. At the same time, integration can
adult education centers, public health service centers,
composed of high caliber members (please see page
vention and, thus, in the German public health system,
only be successful if we are also willing to meet people
offices for women‘s issues and welfare organizations
158) accompanied and advised the network project.
who were brought up with a totally different notion of
in an open-minded manner and without prejudices. As a
would add, for example, language courses, occupational
The sport associations had the task to launch actions in
health? We must not forget that tailor-made programs
matter of fact, there are numerous factors that influence
guidance, job application advice, nutritional counseling.
favor of female migrants in a minimum of three clubs
are not only to the benefit of the girls and women
the possibilities of access for participation in the society.
The “X“ stood for all the different additional offers. The
within a period of 18 months. Each club was expected
concerned, but that the clubs also benefit from the
This mainly applies to the origin, education and age of a
preventive and health-oriented measures were intended
to try three different programs of integration within 12
related experience and a new
person; furthermore, gender is also a real and important
to achieve a targeted improvement of the living condi-
weeks, in each case, and to report on the experience
diversity. What about globali-
issue. Along these lines, sport is also a door-opener for
tions of the participating girls and women. For instance,
gained thereby. Fondness of experimenting and innova-
zation, being at the doorstep?
in a combined course of three months, the girls could
tive thinking were in demand.
For sure, it works in the sports
participate in a training in order to be awarded the
Our gratitude goes to all participating parties: the
club, too. Try yourself!
In the mass media you can find one or the other vogue
Italian colleague at work. And there it is - globalization,
at our doorstep!
sustainable integration.
Motivating Female Migrants for Sports
According to the Federal Office of Statistics, the number
of people with a migratory background amounts to 15.3
million persons in Germany. Almost half of them are
girls and women.
Female migrants are unfortunately hard to find in sports
clubs, although it is sport, in particular, that offers
manifold ways of access to our society. Many immigrants
explicitly wish to be more active in terms of physical
8I
Federal Ministry of Public Health, the partner organizations and all participating clubs which, by sharing their
Examples:
know-how and providing the input of engaged employ-
Course 1
particular sport + public health office
(swimming + nutrition/diet)
Course 2
particular sport + adult education center
(swimming for beginners + language instruction)
Course 3
particular sport + girls‘ meeting point
(swimming badge + job application advice)
ees and volunteers, contributed to the success of the
project. It was a matter of recruiting male and female
project leaders, of further developing projects, organizing the network between the DOSB and the interested
parties in sport, finding network partners outside sport
Author:
Ilse Ridder-Melchers
DOSB Vice-President, responsible for
Womens‘ Issues and Gender Equality
and personally approaching the female migrants. In this
I9
I Network Project “Physical Activity and Health –
An approach to the theme “getting female migrants into sport“ means for organized sport to
ask a few questions: Who are the women we want to address? How do female migrants find
the best approach with respect to a healthy and active lifestyle? Is there a correlation between
the different aspects of sporting activities of female migrants and those of women with a
migratory background? How significant are female migrants for sports clubs? How can the
sports clubs reach migrant women? And finally, what is our understanding of “integration“?
The network project deals with these and other questions. The following contributions shall
illustrate the different approaches we made to tackle the topics of “integration“, “girls
and women“, “health“ and “physical activity and sport“. By showing examples of good
practice of our project partners, we present especially successful results of local club activities. Due to the fact that there are no patent remedies, we want to provide an insight in
the kinds of inspiration that worked well to achieve that female migrants got an interest in
issues of “physical education and health“, and to show which barriers of access exist, what
is required to bring them down and, finally, what may be an effective support to the sports
clubs in this respect.
The present brochure mainly aims at raising your interest and curiosity to learn something
about the manifold facets of an open-minded intercultural cooperation, in particular with
female migrants and girls and women with a migratory background. The examples of good
practice are intended to serve as an orientation guide and an encouragement to reproduce
the work.
Our network project addressed female migrants as well as girls and women with a migratory background. For the sake of better readability,
we apply the two terms alternately in this brochure. At the same time, we want to point out that the two terms have a different meaning (as
defined in the information box on page 19).
10 I
I 11
Promoting the Sporting Engagement of Girls
and Women with a Migratory Background
Causes of little engagement in sport
Girls and women with a migratory
background – a “no-sports“ group?
Scientific research has provided only few provable data
In organized sport, girls and women with a migratory
groups naturally uses to be substantially higher than in
background continue to be highly under-represented.
the case of adult women, including female migrants,
Neither the mass media reports on prominent sports-
who are rather faraway from sports. According to the
women with a migratory background, such as Lira Ba-
figures of the German Youth Institute, 21 % girls with
jramaj who plays football in the national team, can hide
a migratory background, aged six to eight years, are
this fact, nor can it be denied by the increasing public
involved in organized sport, including also programs
appreciation of top-level performance achieved by some
offered by youth centers and cultural associations (see
highly motivated sportswomen with a migratory back-
Deutsches Jugendinstitut 2000, page 27 f.). However,
ground, who are successful in high performance sports.
this percentage turns out to be essentially relativized in
Such a group is group is particularly lacking in non-
the context of the total amount of 58 % of girls without
competitive sports, i.e. mass sports. The rate of organi-
a migratory background of the same age group, who
zation of adult female migrants amounts to estimated
take part in sports. If we look at the figures related to
1 % – 4 % (see Landessportbund Nordrhein Westfalen
sport involvement at youth age, we even find a slightly
2004, page 15, Halm 2007, page 105). In comparison,
higher percentage of young female migrants who play
with regard to all female persons of the concerned age
group who play sports, it amounts to approximately 20% (see DOSB 2008/09). The
participation of younger age
12 I
sports in an organized form, i.e. 28 %. Nevertheless,
the difference remains still quite considerable as compared with the rate of 47 % in German girls (see Mutz
2009, page 108). What are the reasons?
so far. Mutz (2009) presented some of the few empirical
inquiries on this subject, basing himself on the data of
the Pisa study (concerning female and male pupils aged
15 years), and pointing out the mutual correlation of
an engagement in club sports, gender and economic or,
respectively, cultural ‘capital’ of the families. His findings
confirm that a low participation of young girls with a
migratory background in organized sports - as compared
with the German population – does not generally apply to the entire group of female migrants to the same
extent, but rather strongly correlates with social economic variables. Average figures on a percentage basis,
such as indicated above, will rather conceal the strong
heterogeneousness of the group of female migrants with
regard to their different countries of origin and differing
cultures, social economic situation, level of education
and normative or cultural background of the families.
Gender, country of origin and engagement in sport
In the group of 15-year-old youngsters with a migra-
into account, we can see that female migrants from the
tory background, both male and female, a total of 43 %
“typical“ countries of origin of the migrant population
practice sports in a club. Surprisingly, this figure is just
in Germany, namely Turkey, on the one hand, and Rus-
4 % lower than the percentage of the group of young
sia/Kasakhstan (female ethnic German late repatriates),
people without a migratory background. However, if we
on the other hand, show the lowest rate of representa-
look more closely at the group of male and female young
tion in sports clubs, namely just 20.5 % (Turkey) and
persons with a migratory background and differentiate
20.2 % (Russia/Kasakhstan). In contrast, the amount
the results according to gender, we find that 57 % of the
of female migrants of other countries of origin is much
male youngsters with a migratory background practice
higher, for example, Italy (34.3 %), Greece (28.9 %) and
sports in a club, while the rate of female youngsters
Poland (30.3 %) (see Mutz 2009, page 110). This clearly
with a migratory background only amounts to 28.2 %.
illustrates that religion (e.g. the Muslim religion) cannot
In contrast, among young people without a migratory
be the only reason for the low degree of participation in
background, the different gender by far does not play
sport on the part of female migrants, since the female
such a distinct role: 53.8 % of the male and 42,1 %
ethnic German late repatriates have another religious
of the female young persons without a migratory
belief. Most often they belong to a non-conformist
background are organized in a sports club. The ‘gender
Mennonite church or a Baptist free church. However,
issue’ seems to be a very decisive factor of participation
we cannot exclude that certain sociocultural values
in sport, particularly when it comes to migrant young
and norms which regulate the behavior of women and
people. Taking the factor ‘country of origin’ additionally
young girls of the two
I 13
Promoting the Sporting Engagement of Girls and Women
with a Migratory Background
groups of origin, mentioned above, and hamper the
tory background (see Cachay/Thiel 2008). As to the
its part – is considerably influenced by the intensity of
engagement in sport, are suggested by a specific kind
underlying meaning of this statement, it refers to the
religious practice, independently of the respective reli-
and way of practicing religion.
amount of personally available economic and cultural
gious belief (see Kleindienst-Cachay 2009). We should
capital. There are substantial differences among young
not ignore the fact that the intensity of influence by the
migrants, in particular, when we take the respective
traditions of the country of origin closely correlates with
gender once again into consideration: In the group of
the affiliation to a specific social class. Gesemann points
young persons of a migratory background who have
out that the adherence to standards and values of the
a high level of access to socioeconomic resources, we
country of origin is the more rigid, the lower the social
find that 62 % of the male and, after all, 47 % of the
status of an immigrant family is (see Gesemann 2006,
female youngsters are organized in a sports club. (In
page 10). For many female migrants of Turkish-Muslim
comparison: male youngsters without a migratory back-
background, the need to comply with the woman-spe-
ground account for 59 % while the ration of females
cific commands of their cultural environment represents
amounts to 55 %).
a substantial barrier of access to sport (separation of
The background of mother-tongue
speaking, socioeconomic conditions
and engagement in sport
According to the findings of Mutz, besides the respective country of origin, a frequent practice of the German language and the adoption of patterns of everyday behavior of the host society are factors of major
influence for opportunities to take part in club sports.
This means: if German is spoken in the family and – as
the sexes, supervision of the daughters by adult family
a side-effect – the cultural habits of the society of the
This means that the sporting engagement of female
majority are shared, it becomes more probable that
migrants of a privileged social background reaches a
the daughters are integrated in a sports club (see Mutz
considerably high percentage, independently of their
2009, page 110). In contrast, the chances of participa-
respective country of origin! In contrast, the rate of
tion decrease in the case of female migrants, whose
affiliation to a sports club strongly decreases among
families do not speak German and – as a side-effect –
socially disadvantaged young persons with a migratory
cultivate mainly traditional standards of values and role
background, and to a particularly alarming extent in the
orientations. Only 20 % of that group are members of
group of female youngsters. In terms of percentages,
a sports club (independently of their respective country
among young people of little socioeconomic capital,
of origin), while the group of German mother-tongue
there are still 51 % of the male young migrants who
speakers account for 36 % (see ibid., page 112). How-
have joined a sports club, compared with only 18 %
ever, since 80 % of the male and female pupils with a
of the female migrants, independently of their respec-
Turkish migratory background come from families who
tive country of origin (see Mutz 2009, page 115). This
do not speak German at home, we are really dealing
shows that we must not consider the country of origin
with a problematic group. It is interesting to observe
or the religious belief to be the causative factors of
that the kind of language used by male youngsters with
the low level of sporting engagement, although in
and adolescents, who are quite similar to girls of Ger-
a migratory background does not affect their engage-
everyday theory this is often assumed, when we speak
man origin in terms of their respective attitude towards
ment in sport. Up to a rate of 68 % they are affiliated
of the “problematic group“ of the Turkish female
sport, represent just a very small minority.
effects which playing and practicing sports have on the
members of sports clubs, thus achieving the highest
migrants.
Access to sport hampered by effects
of addition
strangeness concerning the very “German“ institution
and young women seems to be particularly problematic
To clarify the low level of sporting engagement of girls
the majority in a population class of low financial means
with regard to their chances of participation in sports.
and women with a migratory background in a truly
and low-level education, will most probably not send
rate of organization among all groups of adolescents.
This leads to the conclusion that the standards of
behavior that apply to girls and women in the families,
are at least partly responsible for the low degree of the
engagement in sport of the same.
However, due to the economic situation of the majority of the families of Turkish origin, the situation of girls
members, command of veiling, taboo of nakedness).
Theses commands lead to requirements of acting which
hamper – or even may impede – an active involvement
in organized everyday sporting activities in Germany.
The difficulties which Muslim girls and young women
have to face, due to the mentioned regulations, do not
correspond with the religion, as such, but rather with
the way of practicing the religion – and to a large extent
also with the willingness of the individual family to compromise -, by which the compliance with religion-related
educational standards is moderated (see Boos-Nünning
/ Karakasoglu 2005, page 21 f.) Scarce participation
of girls and women in sport might also result from the
lack of knowledge in the families concerning sporting
activities and the organizational structures of sport, as
well as from a lacking understanding of the positive
development of children and adolescents. A feeling of
called sports club may also have contributed to this
situation. Parents with a migratory background, who are
Over 80 % of the group of Turkish immigrants belong
differentiated way, we need to jointly consider differ-
their daughters to a sports club without any encourage-
Furthermore, the socioeconomic conditions of living of
to the two lowest economic strata (see Alt 2006, page
ent factors, namely the following features: country of
ment from the outside; and for a majority of the girls,
young people very considerably influence the sporting
10 f.; Mutz 2009, page 110). As a consequence, the
origin, socioeconomic situation, level of education,
their parents are no role models with regard to sporting
engagement of youngsters with or without a migra-
socially privileged among Turkish immigrant children
background in terms of norms and values, which – on
activities, either.
14 I
I 15
Promoting the Sporting Engagement of Girls and Women
with a Migratory Background
When it comes to boys with a migratory background,
problem. As a consequence, we have to develop sport
The individual projects of the sports clubs, which were
Information box:
the situation is completely different, due to the fact that,
programs which are aimed at specific target groups, in
supported in the framework of the project “Physical
firstly, they are not submitted to the same restrictive
particular at girls and women who come from socially
Activity and Health – Motivating more Female Migrants
I In the year 2009, about 15.7 million people with a
educational standards and, secondly, sport – particularly
and educationally disadvantaged families, if we want
for Sports“, are specially committed to said programmatic
playing soccer – serves as a projection screen of masculin-
to promote sport of female migrants on a broad basis.
approach. The detailed concept of the programs takes
ity. This notion is also widely accepted in migrant families.
These sport courses must be designed in a way which
criteria into account which were developed on the basis
Last, but not the least, the lack of financial resources
accommodates the sporting activities with the specific
of findings from an analysis of the sporting attitude of
might also play a part, when families do not register their
system of values of the girls and women concerned. In
the female target groups (see Kleindienst-Cachay 2007).
immigration, naturalization and nationality as well
daughters in a sports club, because what is seen as finan-
other words, when organizing sports, we should make it
The sports courses are therefore designed for mass sports
as the corresponding features of the parents.
cially still acceptable in the case of the son of the family
possible to comply with woman-specific rules and norms.
activities and orientated to the wishes of the target group
does not automatically apply to a daughter.
Moreover, the contents of the courses offered must
concerned. Among others, the special wishes include
be structured in a way which enables girls and women
swimming courses which take place in a swimming hall
to experience that sports and games contribute to the
that is inaccessible to public view. Everywhere, the sports
IIf the observed low engagement in sport on the part of
well-being, to the establishment of social contacts and to
courses are combined with additional program parts of
broad circles of the female migrant population rather
the achievement of personal success and, finally, to the
counseling and education, in order to improve the knowl-
corresponds to a social and education-specific problem
understanding that they are part of an everyday culture,
edge of the female participants with regard to the health-
of very specific social groups, we are not only dealing
in practice, which also “goes with“ the perception of the
promoting effects of physical activity and to encourage
• ethnic German late repatriates
with a sport-political but mainly with a sociopolitical
role of a woman who has a history of migration.
the girls and women to take up activities of personal
• naturalized immigrated foreigners
further education. The programs offered include nutrition
• persons of at least one immigrated
counseling, questions related to the German public health
parent or, respectively, parent of
system and educational advice, even providing German
foreign nationality
Possibilities of Intervention
migratory background were living in Germany, out
of them 7.8 million were women.1
I The migratory status of a person is determined
on the basis of personal characteristics related to
I Persons with a migratory background are
differentiated, as follows:
• immigrated foreigners
(1st generation)
• foreigners who were born in Germany
(2nd and 3rd generation)
language instruction. All sports courses are intentionally
designed as low-threshold programs, i.e. there is no need
to become an official member of a sports club, although
source:
1
Federal Office of Statistics, 2010, http://www.destatis.de
club membership is certainly the long-term aim in view
of sustainability. It is especially important that the courses
offered are free of charge, i.e. socially disadvantaged persons have access to them, as well. In the light of integration, it is also understood that the courses are also open
to girls and women without a migratory background. The
programs are related to urban quarters. Links of cooperation with educational institutions and organizations of migrants serve to establish contacts with the target group.
In this way, we reach mothers and children likewise and
are in a position to offer, for example, mother-and child
swimming courses which are suitable to connect both
Female authors:
target groups to further programs of sport-for-all of the
Prof. Dr. Christa Kleindienst-Cachay
Katrin Neumann, B.A.
club in view of developing a longer-term linkage to sport.
Department of Sports Science,
Department of Sports Science,
In summary: We achieved an important step towards the
University of Bielefeld
University of Bielefeld
integration of female migrants in sport-for-all activities,
and the different projects may serve other sports clubs as
examples of successful integration work.
16 I
I 17
The Role of Sports Clubs as Catalyzers of the Intercultural
Opening of our Society
Germany benefits from the great variety of people and cultures, which are enriching for our quality of life. We can benefit from the cultural enrichment and
live more intensely if we incessantly discover and try new ways of living together.
In this context, it is vital to question non-transparent structures of power which
result in privileges, and to find out how to dissolve these structures and to overcome negative prejudices with respect to other persons. Sports clubs which already for a long time have advocated the teaching and living of democratic and
participatory values, demonstrate a promising approach to the mission of shaping
a better, more equitable and more integrative Germany.
The consequences of demographic
change
Intercultural knowledge becomes a
social competence
Intercultural versus gender mainstreaming
In the last years, social transformations have increas-
numbers of elderly people who have a more distinct
Growing demands related to intercultural competence
Intercultural opening does not only refer to the integra-
ingly turned implicit tasks into explicit exigencies. Social
need to be offered sports programs that are suitable for
represent an additional challenge. Growing globaliza-
tion of those who are “different“ in an existing system,
change does not stop at the doorstep of the clubs. Even
their age. On the other hand, there are less children in
tion as well as the history of migration of individuals in
but rather to the efforts of all participating parties to
the genuine core business of sport requires adaptations
our society. Notwithstanding, they need more assistance
Germany, the export world champion, also contribute
conceptualize and implement necessary social trans-
and care of a higher quality than in past decades, due to
to a situation where intercultural knowledge is more
formations, in cooperation with one another, in order
alterations in family structures and the transformation of
and more considered as a part of social core skills. To
to jointly change the system in this way. In this regard,
the social sector.
convey these skills becomes increasingly relevant for
change has to be understood as a permanent process
to a changing environment. On the one hand,
demographic change results in rising
social-educative work. A part of this core competence
that includes development, growth and opening as im-
A recent example of these developments is the introduc-
consists in the awareness, taken as granted in Germany
manent parts of it.
tion of all-day schools which organize their afternoon pro-
but not shared everywhere in the world, that there
grams in cooperation with the regional sports confedera-
exist differing individual views and attitudes. Young
The principle of intercultural opening must not be ac-
tions. The pedagogical approach of all-day schools opens
people, who want to master their lives successfully,
cepted uncritically. You cannot reduce a person’s life
new possibilities of interaction between the institutions
can benefit from an early experience of self-reflection
experience to the fact that she is a woman. Along the
of school and club, offering sports clubs the chance to
and the consciousness of their own impact on others,
same lines, it is not justified to look at a person’s ex-
reach more children and young people than ever before,
as well as an understanding of the kind of society they
perience of the environment solely on the basis of the
just at the location ‘school’. Thanks to more frequent
would prefer to live in, instead of considering tradi-
social attribute “migrant“ nor in the light of the fact
contacts, on the one hand, the clubs are in a position to
tional ways as unchangeable.
that the person concerned is a female migrant. Con-
realize more ambitious pedagogical concepts and aims; on
18 I
sequently, “intercultural mainstreaming“ can only be
the other hand, more complex concepts are also essential
The projects illustrated in this brochure have already
considered to be one step in the right direction towards
prerequisites to make the new collaboration a success.
faced these new challenges successfully.
a more comprehensive approach of understanding and
I 19
The Role of Sports Clubs as Catalyzers of the Intercultural
Opening of our Society
Information Box:
I In the German language the notion of “intercul-
of challenging the existing social structures of power.
An intercultural team naturally adds to a lively culture
tural opening“ is used as a synonym of the En-
It is not possible to mentally grasp the complexity of
of dialogue. In pragmatical terms, in a club intercultural
glish term “intercultural mainstreaming“, which
an individual by simply adding up the different social,
opening means that it provides possibilities to not only
because of its parallelism to the term of “gender
cultural or biological features of the same.
attract new members but also to find competent per-
mainstreaming“ already refers to the theories
and concepts which the first is based upon.
sons for a team of trainers, the board and for adminis-
We have to find cooperative ways of living together
trative positions, appointing these persons in the most
which take the complexity and individuality of any and
I As to “gender mainstreaming“, it deals with
differentiated way possible.
every person into account. It might not be the best solu-
a gender-specific impact assessment with a
tion to look at assumed discrepancies within differing
Such a policy of participation may lead to more discus-
view to improving the social and institutional
concepts, such as “gender“ and “intercultural main-
sions on issues related to the social responsibilities of
structures, and with a strategy to ensure the
streaming“, and to wish to integrate groups of persons,
institutions and individuals. The club may become a
equality of rights in general, after all.
who had firstly been defined as “others“, in an equally
catalyzer in order to promote the pursuit of more social
alleged “normality“ by means of an action plan. In con-
responsibility. If somebody experiences in the club that
trast, the notion that there are no “normal“ club mem-
he/she is able to change something, including existing
bers and no “normal club“, either, and the fact that we
structures of power, he/she will transfer this experi-
therefore have to deal rather with a matter of inclusion
ence to everyday life. A person who acts in the club
than of integration, is an approach that any club is able
in a trend-setting way will also do so in or outside his/
to put into practice.
herr own environment. The consciousness of one’s self-
I The concept of “intercultural mainstreaming“
aims at the same objectives, however, it looks
at structures from a different angle, i.e. basing itself on a cultural, ethnic, national and/
or religious background. In this context, the
German term refers to persons with a migratory
background.
I The concept of “intercultural opening“ emphasizes the aspect of participation – as does the
“gender mainstreaming“ model – , thus going
beyond the idea of “integration“. The term of
“integration“ implies that something which has
been outside an existing system is integrated in
that system.
“club“: As social institutions of a low-threshold nature,
able us to deliberate on our similarities and differences
citizen-centered, participatory and democratic with re-
and help us to become aware of the circumstance that
spect to their legal structures, as well as naturally devel-
power materializes through special privileges which are
oped in their history, the clubs already meet all demands
attributed to some positions and not to others. And we
to face the challenges of social change.
must learn to recognize these privileges as such, when
they favor some people and discriminate others on the
grounds of the respective social positions. Scrutinizing
one’ own position and critically questioning one’s own
practice is always a difficult task, especially should it
challenge ideas which seemingly are generally accepted.
The sense of community in club life offers room for
Qualification as a chance
ferences and similarities. This happens at the club house,
The process initiated in this way may be confronted with
instruction, when important multipliers, such as male
resistance. Many a club might be surprised and run the
risk of giving up too early. However, this kind of confrontation with and the overcoming of obstacles, in the
20 I
efficacy is already rooted in the organizational construct
This requires a development of strategies which en-
reflection and the exchange of experience regarding difat the regular’s table, during active training lessons and
and female coaches of the club, cultivate and stimulate
a culture of dialogue.
Author:
spirit of a sporting and friendly competition, not only
In this context, examples of training circumstances in
generates better athletes but also better concepts. Fac-
different environments additionally contribute to a
Prof. Dr. Heather Cameron
ing different approaches and viewpoints always enables
growing awareness of one’s own privileges and opens
Junior Professor of Pedagogics of Integration
us to examine our own positions; and this is an impor-
an appropriate access to the need to critically review
at the Free University of Berlin
tant precondition for successful inclusion.
one’s own position.
I 21
What is our Understanding of “Integration“?
Our work in the network project “Physical Activity and Health – Motivating more
Information box:
Female Migrants for Sports“ is founded on the basic understanding of integra-
I See page 111 of the brochure and visit the website www.integration-durch-sport.de to get more
tion that was developed in the program “Integration Through Sport“, a program
information on the Federal program “Integration
through Sport“
sponsored by the Federation (the German government). The understanding of
integration, as illustrated in the present brochure, is an important step in order
to get the idea of our project work.
The notion of integration in the Federal
program “Integration Through Sport“
Diversity means Chances – Diversity is
Enrichment
An ongoing task for everyone
We understand integration as the possibility of all
In our program “Integration through Sport“ we under-
Integration is a long-term, continuing process which is
as of mainly immigrant members to start opening the
people who live in Germany to participate in social life,
stand immigration as an enrichment for the German
defined, time and again, on the foundation of an ongo-
sports clubs for female and male participants of different
also in the sports clubs, on grounds of equal rights.
sports movement. We do not consider the diversity
ing agreement on common bases of social interaction
origins and to establish intercultural structures based on
Persons of differing biographies of origin belong to
and specificity of different cultures as contrasts but as
and cooperation. Against this background, integration is
partnership.
our country, it is therefore our aim to create an atmos-
important complements and, thus, as a benefit for all
an ongoing task for everyone; it is not only aimed at ad-
phere in our sports clubs where they feel encouraged to
of us. This requires that we acknowledge – and also use
dressing immigrants but the native population, as well.
develop themselves and to actively take part in sports
for common aims - the plurality of our society and the
programs or to work as volunteers. This requires mutual
resulting potentials, kinds of experience and competenc-
respect and the recognition of cultural diversity. The
es (e.g. with regard to the way in which we deal with
setting needed for successful integration is linked to an
different languages, systems, cultures) that immigrants
adherence to basic positions of the rule of law and to
bring in, due to their history of migration.
democratic values.
Dialogue and Interaction
Dialogue and interaction are determining factors of integration. Mutual approach and communication are basic
conditions for successful integration work. The program
Sport gives room for participation
Shared responsibility
Integration is a process which involves the whole society. Each and everybody is required to bring in his/her
Organized sport has a manifold potential and social pos-
individual skills to make a living space possible where
sibilities to provide an important field of action in order
people meet one another, interacting with mutual
to help persons with a migratory background meet the
respect, acknowledging the differences of other persons
home-grown population. The process of integration in
and, thus, working together in favor of equal rights
and through sport needs to be actively shaped . Target-
of participation of all people. Such a commitment and
ed measures intentionally encourage and promote the
cooperation of people, immigrants and natives, as well
potentials of integration of sport (organized in clubs).
as institutions of the public and the private sector, shape
the process of integration and essentially determine its
Sports clubs of migrants
success. Organized sport has a special role to play in
dialogue of male and female migrants with the native
Sports clubs of migrants may give a part of the female
Author:
and male migrants a social home, and they address
supporting and encouraging the process of integration
population, within sports groups, clubs and organized
Verena Zschippang
sport, in general, as well as in networks at communal
persons who, otherwise, would perhaps not have found
and supra-regional levels. In this way, the program also
access to a sports club. These clubs not only enrich
DOSB Project Leader,
serves as an important encouragement for immigrants to
the world of sports but also have an important bridge-
practice the German language in reality and to further
building function. To fully utilize the integrating poten-
improve their German language skills.
tial of sport, which promotes mutual understanding,
“Integration through Sport“ supports and promotes the
too, it is equally important for clubs of German as well
22 I
this context and assumes responsibility by systematically
in and through sport.
1
When using the term of ‚sports clubs of migrants‘, the DOSB
refers to sports clubs which were founded by male and female
migrants or, respectively, are organized by them, the members of
which are mainly migrants and which, with regard to their selfperception and the perception from the outside, are linked to the
migratory background of their members.
I 23
I The Promotion of Health for and of Female Migrants
Although the subject of “health“ is an important matter for female migrants,
their specific knowledge of health-related issues and the significance of healthpromoting physical activity and sport is not as sufficient as desired. At this point,
the DOSB network project comes into play. Health, sport and integration are reciprocally linked with one another in two respects: On the one hand, it is particularly club sport that gives broad and open social space. It facilitates the establishment of contacts and helps to assume collective responsibility and to try personal
limits on one’s own or jointly with others. These are ways to strengthen self-confidence and to broaden one’s horizon in view of action. On the other hand, the
network project pursued an approach which explicitly underlined the structures,
regulations and possibilities of the German public health system. Consequently,
information and awareness-building, concerning patient care locations and topics
like hygiene, prevention and sexuality, were integral parts of the project.
The following presentations may be regarded as a preventive measure or an elementary contribution to a healthy lifestyle, in any case, they will show that organized sport is an important partner and stakeholder of civil society in the area of
the German public health system, also from the viewpoint of integration policy.
24 I
I 25
The Promotion of Health for and of Female Migrants
A way towards an integrating attendance
Although there are 15.7 million people with a migratory background meanwhile,
of migrants with the help of mother-tongue speaking
male and female migrants in Germany can only benefit from the good German
mediators. A variety of subject-matters cover, for ex-
public health system inadequately. In many cases, this leads to considerably re-
prevention, nutrition and physical activity as well as
ample, topics of mother-and-child health, breast cancer
emotional health.
duced chances to stay healthy.
Unfortunately, the necessary orientation to everyday life in a foreign country
quite often makes health prevention a secondary concern on the part of migrants.
Nowadays, research on health and integration belongs
to the center’s main fields of activities, as well. In our
research work we cooperate with the Medical College of Hanover, the University Ludwig-Maximilian of
Munich, the University Clinics of Ulm, the College of
Villingen-Schwennigen, the College of Applied Sciences
at Hamburg and the Department of Public Health of the
University of Bielefeld. The (German) Federal Ministry
Health and Migration as a Chance
of Education and Research and the Ministry of Public
Beside the system of education and the work place, the
in a helpful way, to give support in a resource-oriented
public health system is the third column in view of the
manner and to contribute its part to integration. On
promotion of integration. Medical care is an issue that
this background, the Ethno-Medizinisches Zentrum e.V.
hits, more than the other two mentioned elements, the
(registered association) was founded in Hanover more
Until 2002, the EMZ served as a regional center of the
vulnerable points of the people in their personal envi-
than 20 years ago. In Germany and throughout Europe
Federal State of Lower Saxony and was institutionally
ronment, making them dependent on contacts with the
it is considered to be the leading competence center and
supported by the Ministry of Social Affairs, Family and
doctor, the nurse and the system. Health and migration
an example of good practice with regard to migration,
Health of Lower Saxony as well as the city and region
The largest and most successful project of the EMZ is
are therefore important areas of responsibility of the
health and access to the public health system.
of Hanover. From 2003 onwards, the financial support
called ‘’MiMi – Intercultural Health with Migrants for
by the company health insurance funds BBK (Berieb-
Migrants in Germany“. Nowadays, it is acknowledged
skrankenkassen) helped to try a supra-regional project
as the key technology of integration. Our organiza-
idea (MiMi), Today, we are active in ten Federal States
tion targeted the project as a means to counteract the
with our country-wide programs for migrants, which are
disadvantage of migrants regarding health concerns
financed by the European Union as well as the compe-
and to include them in a process of awareness-building
tent ministries of Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Lower
education and intercultural opening.
social and the public health systems. A healthy population is economically more successful, has more chances
of education and generates less social costs. It is a basic
question which processes become relevant in migration
and are detrimental or beneficial to health, and what are
the possibilities of the
German public health
system to intervene
The Ethno-Medizinisches Zentrum
in Germany
The Ethno-Medizinisches Zentrum, e.V. (EMZ) is a
non-profit association, which promotes the social and
health-related integration of migrants in Germany
and Europe. It has the task to create trust, determine
responsibilities and to serve as a “bridge“ between
Health are among the sponsor of the above-mentioned
research work.
Saxony, Hesse, North-Rhine-Westphalia and Bavaria. In
addition to our headquarters in Hanover, we established
regional locations in Bavaria and North-Rhine-West-
MiMi – with migrants for migrants
phalia, where we have regional project coordinators.
To win migrants over for the promotion and prevention
rights of access to the programs of the systems of public
EMZ projects were repeatedly awarded distinctions:
in a healthy way, is a promising way towards success,
health, social support and education for the group of
Prophylaxis Prize of the German Society for Dental
if it is linked to the education of mediators and health
citizens mentioned above.
Prophylaxis in 2001, Jansen Cilag Future Prize in 2006,
workers as well as the provision of mother-tongue
Qulity Prize of the Academy of Public Health in 2004,
information on the living environments of the migrants
Our main fields of activities include interpretation serv-
Health Prize of North-Rhine-Westphalia in 2006, Sus-
(“approach of intercultural setting“). The MiMi health
ices for the social and public health systems, advanced
tainability Prize of the German Sustainability Council in
project of the EMZ, called “With Migrants For Migrants
Social Scientist, Managing Director of the
training of employees in health-related occupations and
2008 and the distinction ‘Social Entrepreneur of the Year
– Intercultural Health in Germany“, is the largest and
Ethno-Medical-Center e. V. (EMZ)
multilingual action campaigns for the health education
2009’ (Schwab Foundation).
also most successful project in this respect
the institutions of public health and male and female
migrants. Its work is mainly aimed at providing equal
Author:
Ramazan Salman
26 I
of health, to inform them and to inspire them to live
I 27
A way towards an integrating attendance
Information box:
I Concerning the MiMi project, the EMZ cooperates
with more than 180 cooperation partners in 53 ci-
companies and community centers of the migrant
ties and communities throughout the whole country.
groups (“life-environment-related approach“).
I For many migrants the community is a place where
guidelines and brochures provide relevant information
health-promoting activities, including health care, is
on the public health system and important issues of pre-
guaranteed. (Salman/Ngassa Djomo 2009).
vention, which are made available in up to 15 different
languages.
established cooperation partner at several locations
4. Public relations and networking: The female and
of project implementation.
male mediators, who were trained so far, organize
themselves in a local network. Press releases, meetings
I The EMZ targeted the project MiMi as a means to
counteract the disadvantage of migrants regarding
health concerns and to include them in a process
Module I
Module II
Module III
Training of
mediators and
health workers
Multilingual
campaigns
Health
Directory
Communities
3. Health directory: A “health directory“ or health
trust is built and the quality of counseling and
I In the framework of the DOSB project, MiMI was an
Module IV Public Relations
tilingual events take place in clubs, mosques, schools,
Module V Evaluation
Networks
“More Health
For All“
Research
and project conferences as well as an internet presence
are integral parts of the project.
of awareness-building education and intercultural
5. Evaluation: The multilingual campaigns are evalu-
opening.
ated, using inquiry forms based on interviews, and on
reproductive health, dental health, calendars of vaccina-
of copies downloaded via the internet has amounted to
the basis of the results of periodical project conferences.
tions, HIV/AIDS, substance abuse problems, children’s
150,000. You can order them, nationally or internation-
health, early breast cancer diagnosis.
ally, in German, Turkish and Russian as well as in 15 ad-
6. Research: In projects of cooperation with universities
and research institutes, important subjects and questions are analyzed and investigated. With the help of
the respective findings, we can develop new solutions
and build up more sustainable structures.
The MiMi project is especially successful with the Turkish
community. In the course of the MiMI project, more than
3000 events of mother-tongue information on health issues were held and documented. The topics of “nutrition
and physical activity“, “children’s health and the preven-
ditional languages via internet or download them (www.
ethno-medizinisches-zentrum.de or www.bkk-promig.
de). These directories illustrate the German public health
system and its programs offered, also describing diseases
and how to protect oneself to avoid them.
tion of accidents“ as well as “emotional health“ were in
The World Health Organization (WHO) appreciated
The six modules of the MiMI project
The project MiMi:
concept and modules, 2009
highest demand up to now. Most of the mediators and
the MiMi project 2009 as a leading example of good
1. Training of health mediators and health workers:
Mediators and health workers are very committed and
health workers are women (about three quarters), which
practice and dignified it with an international case study
In a training of 50 hours migrants achieve good lan-
successfully integrated female and male migrants. This
also applies to the participants in the events.
(http://www.euro.who.int/socialdeterminants/socmar-
guage skills and get high-quality instruction by medical
means, they are persons who are loyal in two direc-
Since 2008 the MiMi approach has been financially
doctors, psychologists and educationalists to become
tions. They speak both languages well, German and
supported by the European Union within the framework
intercultural health mediators (“Halk Saglik Elemanlari“).
the language of their origin, they are familiar with the
of the project “Aids and Mobility Europe“ and been
Nowadays both, the public health system and the
The subject-matters of the training include the structure
situation of life of their compatriots and serve migrants
introduced by the Ethno-Medical center, together with
migrants are more reliant than ever before on concepts
of and programs offered by the German public health
as key persons for a positive identification. They take
“associated partners“, in Istanbul, London, Copenha-
and approaches of an integrating care. Consequently,
system, important issues of prevention as well as nutri-
part in a qualification by experts on the structures of the
gen, Brussels, Tallin and Rome. This shows that Mimi is
health protection and promotion are at the same time
tion and physical activity, children’s health and methods
German public health system. Moreover, they learn how
exported as a technology of social integration, and in
elements of the promotion of integration.
of adult education.
to convey this knowledge to their compatriots by means
many places it gains imitators.
2. Multilingual health campaigns: The trained female
keting/20070403_2 ). As a consequence, the question
arises whether the MiMi concept is transferable.
Intercultural approaches and concepts of prevention,
of health campaigns in their mother-tongue.
As to the multilingual directories, which were developed
counseling, therapy and care have proven themselves
and male mediators impart the newly achieved know-
Among many other topics, the campaigns include is-
in the course of the MiMi project, over 280,000 copies
in the public health system. They will have to be further
how to their compatriots. As a special feature, the mul-
sues, such as infectious diseases, accidents at work,
have already been ordered up to now, and the number
developed and implemented in the future.
28 I
I 29
The significance of sport for femininity
The typical female migrant, the typical woman with a migratory background, the
typical national of a third country does not exist. But all these women have something in common: they often have less knowledge of their own body than the wom-
The significance of menstruation
Sometimes the women even do not know any term in
The influence on or even endangerment of fertility is of
their respective language of origin to denominate the
specific importance for women throughout the whole
female sexual organs, because “it is not appropriate to
Muslim culture and reflects the significance of fertility in
en of the receiving society.
speak about these things“.
the light of the role and the value of women in society.
Individual, cultural or religion-related ideas of aetiology (cause and reason) concern-
General and personal ideas of hygiene and sanitation
Thus, a monthly cycle in regular intervals is of vital im-
ing health and disease influence the personal opportunities of these women and
their daughters, too, to practice some health-promoting sporting activities. This
holds particularly true for women from a Muslim cultural environment where spe-
portance for the definition of femininity.
are differing. We often encounter the perception that
water is somehow harmful during menstruation, at least
Notwithstanding, the menstruation is frequently associ-
on the days when the bleeding is strong. Once and
ated with negative elements (sickness, impureness). This
again, women say that they abstain from washing on
is why a strong menstruation is considered to be the fe-
the first days of their menses. The tip to take a warm
male body’s need of purification. We have to underline,
cial traditional commandments demand for the separation of the sexes, supervision
bath in case of menstrual cramps is a surprise to most
once and again, that the menstruation is an indicator of
and veiling, thus not only impeding sporting activities of girls and women but also
Muslim women. For a period of three years, a young
a healthy, agile and feminine functioning of the female
self-esteem and other positive effects of physical activity and sport which lead to an
women had been afraid to be unfertile because she had
body. Consequently, this process should be a reason for
had a long bath in the sea on the day of her menarche
pride, in principle, and not for shame.
(“I just did not know that I would get my period“).
invigoration of the social network.
Information box:
Sport and physicality – a taboo (or not)?
I ÄGFF is an association of at present 90 female
This mainly refers to the concern of a negative impact
physicians country-wide.
I For many years, the holistic prevention concept of
of sport on menstruation, the symbol of female fertility, and also to the notion of an eventual injury of the
hymen due to sporting activities. Sensibility to different
the ÄGFF has pursued the approach to inspire girls
cultures is a must in teaching processes, however, is not
in favor of a health-promoting attitude and, conse-
difficult to achieve, due to the fact that, not too long
quently, of practicing some sporting activity.
ago, many of the mythical ideas concerning the cyclic
I By means of preventive talk rounds at schools, the
functions of the female body were not unfamiliar in
girls receive help to understand, appreciate and
our society, either, and the commandment of virginity
protect their bodies .
and arranged marriages were an unchallenged everyday
I The ÄGFF is not only a network partner of the
German Olympic Sports Confederation regarding
the project “Physical Activity and Health – Moti-
practice in our cultural environment, as well.
Other countries, other conditions
vating more Female Migrants for Sports“ but it also
Basic knowledge of andranatomy and the anatomy of
worked as an actual DOSB cooperation partner in
the woman is most often lacking on the part of girls and
the local projects.
women with a migratory background. The need of information and the interest in more knowledge are overwhelming. The respective know-how is easy to convey
by means of medical information events.
“If I not have my period every month. This means that
I have it in one and not in other month. Is this normal?
And why it happens? Why I have pains in my breasts
and in my belly?”
30 I
I 31
The significance of sport for femininity
Women’s Health is a huge issue
To practice sports on days of menstruation is most often
General questions on the health of women are always
different culture, but medical information for awareness-
considered to be harmful, as it is said to affect the
raised spontaneously: e.g.. on consulting a gynecologist,
building is mandatory for achieving that women do not
blood flow. This also applies to bathing, carrying heavy
preventive medical examinations, the right moment for
perceive sporting activities as an endangerment of their
items or lifting weights. It is also said that a hot-water
the daughters to see a gynecologist for the first time,
own generative potential and, thus, also that of their
bottle to alleviate dysmenorrhea is never allowed to
medical check-ups by doctors of child and adolescent
daughters. In our capacity as female physicians of the
be placed directly on the tummy but, if at all, on the
medicine. Furthermore, there are questions concerning
“culture of the majority“, we enjoy full confidence on
feet. This is why the counseling on contraception must
sexuality and the way we deal with it in our culture, sex
the part of our patients, thanks to our professional com-
explicitly make reference to the fact that hormonal
education classes at schools, reasons of childlessness
petence and also thanks to our medical confidentiality.
contraception (e.g. the pill) reduces the intensity of the
(chlamydia or impediments of procreation on the part of
Girls and women accept our information, in our capacity
menstruation without affecting the female body or the
the man), vaccinations (topical: HPV vaccination), con-
as their female physicians, about the positive effects of
female fertility in any way.
traception and sexually transmitted diseases, gyneco-
sports on health. The women always explicitly thank us
logical disorders (myoma, incontinence, breast cancer).
for the talks, often even asking us for a continuation.
Sport and virginity
The ÄGGF as a mediator
Virginity is another issue of special interest. It is as-
In this way, we contribute to the “empowerment“ of
women with a migratory background in terms of integra-
sociated with an “intact“ hymen which, according
When teaching health-promoting issues which are relat-
tion by means of education as well as along the lines of
to tradition, during the wedding night cracks with a
ed to the health of women, this is not only a matter of
integration in the sporting activities offered by schools
following bleeding; in other words: the honor of the
conveying the information in a way that is sensible to a
and sports clubs.
family depends on the physical condition of the hymen.
For this reason, nothing is supposed to endanger this
Andrea Mais, Female Physician of the ÄGGF
hymen, neither the use of sanitary tampons nor sporting
activities nor any other incident (“I should have got my
period, but I did not get it. On Thursday I went cycling
and fell down, and then I was bleeding. Am I still a
virgin ?“).
An elementary message to all women, which reaches
and influences the families, as well, consists in building
awareness of the fact that after puberty and under the
influence of the female hormones, as a rule the hymen becomes a kind of soft and elastic border, which is
placed around the introitus vaginae, and that the use of
tampons is unoffensive and even of great help in sports,
particularly swimming, with a view to mobility and
safety/control.
Even on the occasion of the “first time“, provided that
Author:
the mutual treatment is respectful and considerate,
Dr. med. Gisela Gille
which, once and again, causes reason for reflective-
the majority of the girls do not get a bleeding, a fact
Chairwoman of the Medical Society
ness and, consequently, also allows for a correction of
for the Promotion of Women‘s Health
the notion that the hymen might “crack“ as a result of
sporting activities.
32 I
The Female Physicians of the ÄGGF
I 33
I Sport, Women and Religion
Sport is good for everyone, also for female migrants and, in particular, for women from Islamic countries. Wearing a Muslim headscarf, walking always ten steps
behind the man, dependent – this kind of image is still rooted in many people’s
minds, often attributing an abstinence from sports to female Muslims, per se.
Nowadays, however, this is far from holding true for all female migrants!
“Sport, women and religion“ are terms that are not mutually exclusive. Knowledge ensures hindsight and opens chances of a mutual approach of female migrants and sports clubs. The following articles will provide a deeper insight in
the interrelation of these concepts.
34 I
I 35
Sport, Women and Religion
The power of glances cast at the female body
Islam is not a person and, thus, does not speak with one voice. It has more than
1.5 thousand millions of followers and represents the second largest religion in
the world, owing its success, in particular, to its transformation ability and its
adaptability to variable local environments. However, the mass media often ignore
the enormous spectrum of realities that range from inner-Islamic pluralism to
various kinds of ‘transculturality’.
somatic orientation of this religion and the lifestyle
Regarding the aspects of war, usually women were not
propagated thereby which emphasize well-being and
actively involved in the jihad, which may have also been
health. As a matter of fact, the prophet Muhammad
due to the fact that in past times captured women had
(dead in 623 AD) was not a homo sedens. He was a
been distributed as pieces of booty, in accordance with
former caravan leader and more mobile than most of
old arabic conventions. But Aischa did not comply with
his contemporaries. He is said to not only have ridden
her role and directed the fighters from her camel in the
camels and horses but also to have practiced archery,
so-called battle of camels. Nevertheless, the permanent
hunting, running and even wrestling.
retrospective reference to the early Islamic community of
The role Aischa played with
respect to sport
Images of the Orient shape
our perception
and his companions are not the pivotal concern, but
rather all what 1400 years of endless discussions, writ-
Muhammad is supposed to have repeatedly raced
ten explanations and ascertained practice, including
against his favorite wife Aischa; on one occasion she
infringements and toleration, have made of them.
won against him, on another the result was vice versa.
However, as some authors use to underline, he did not
Since the beginning of orientalism, particularly the body
The western spectator shivers once more with TV and
compete against her in front of male observers but had
of the woman has served the Occident as a means to
other pictures of jihad activism in archaic holy warri-
previously sent the men on.
devise a completely different construct of perception. In
ors’ camps in Afghanistan or Pakistan where people of
this context, the segregation and lethargy of the oriental
tattered aspect show a kind of mimicry military circle
woman – be it in the harem or due to her hermetical
training.
isolation under her Muslim veil – were considered to be
the 7th century AD, to Koran and Sunna of the prophet
specific characteristics in this respect. In contrast, the
Sport in Islam
notion of the Occident regarding its own image was that
As is generally known, sport and its characteristics of
of being active, methodical and mostly moving in a tar-
formal equality, standardization, rationalization and
get-oriented way; in short: all features that are usually
specialization are regarded as an invention of the 18th
associated with the modern spirit of the West and with
and 19th century, in the course of industrialization or,
sports. Painters like Ingres allow us to throw a voyeur’s
respectively, as a counterbalance to it, which spread out
glance at the body of “The Oriental“ – a body which is
from England to the whole world and, for the first time,
timelessly passive or in an elegiac way indulged in pleas-
generated something like a clearly noticeable leisure
ure, in any case, without any tension of the muscles. To
time. In contrast, earlier relevant activities in history
a great extent, the perception of Muslim women, which
were dedicated to action fields such as martial arts,
associates them with segregation and passiveness, has
hunt, dance, festivities with acrobatics, etc. In accord-
lasted to date.
ance with the all-encompassing Islamic Law or normative Islam (“Fiqh“), as well as the respective regionally
In contrast, the perception of the Orient has always at-
differing implementation of the same, the participation
tributed to Muslim men two basic ways of being: they
of women in that kind of events was only envisaged on
were either characterized as pipe smoking and relaxing
a very limited scale .
in a hedonistic way or, respectively, as wild, martial,
irascible, on horseback. Such a kind of ideas of a manly
However, many Muslim erudites refer to the fact that
Muslim belligerence were strongly encouraged by the
praying five times a day, which is also compulsory for
crusades and the Turkish wars, having persisted to the
women, and the pilgrimage to Mecca as well as Ram-
times we live in.
adan, the month of fasting, already indicate the strong
36 I
I 37
The power of glances cast at the female body
Physical activity extends norms
The importance of clothing
Strict segregation is rather an urban phenomenon;
Particular sports, which prescribe a far-going disrobe-
indicator of national modernization, meanwhile the pen-
among nomads and in areas of a distinct agricultural
den modalities of competition. But generally speaking,
ment of the women, such as beach volleyball with
dulum is swinging back the other way and is utilized by
nature, the range of action of women has always been
Islam can be considered to be body-friendly and, above
regard to scanty bikinis, rhythmic sports gymnastics
many circles to express their own views and to formulate
broader. There is hardly any Muslim author nowadays
all, body-conscious. Expert opinions on legal issues of
with close-fitting jerseys, or tennis, generate special
the corresponding demands.
who would question the physical and also emotional
religion, which laconically attest sport-interested women
uneasiness.
In this context, Islamic jurisprudence (not to be mistaken
benefits of sport for a healthy, well-balanced life. However, at the same time, each athletic discipline is subject
Male spectators and, even more so, the transmission of
for the statutory law of Islamic countries) is cited in a
to an individual deliberation and a specific assessment.
sports events by the mass media confront women with
selective way by these circles and primarily targeted to
to already have sufficient physical activity with household work and childcare, have nowadays become more
and more seldom.
severe criticism and personal feelings of guilt. The code
their opinions on feminine shame, although their critical
The main objections, which are raised against certain
requires that women have to keep their honor and
In the meantime, it would be nice if not only confession-
evaluation of different sports is altogether based on
particular sports, deal with the concept that the control
dignity by ensuring that only their hands, feet and faces
free research on Islam but also Islamic Jurisprudence
a much broader foundation, including, for example,
of human drives is not internalized nor individualized,
are visible (the code for men only refers to the covering
critically reflected upon the many occasions on which
reservations concerning special brutality, gradual blur-
but rather achieved by the segregation of the sexes,
of the area from the navel to the knees, which – just
the female body was improperly made a zone of symbol-
ring of gender boundaries, waste of money, admonition
above all. In this respect, the diverse regulations of the
starting with soccer – they studiously overlook), to take
ic disputes and redefined as a visible sign of the Islamic
regarding the neglect of one’s duties or certain forbid-
normative Islam generate a different awareness of the
care of their virginity. These requirements considerably
lsystem of life.
body. Non-Muslims experience situations and spaces
limit the number of favored sports. At the same time,
that are utilized by both sexes (corresponding to the
we observe a startling phenomenon: the passion of
modern working world), as unproblematic, such as
many Muslim girls for martial arts. These sports allow
public swimming pools. In contrast, Muslims experience
them to wear a sport outfit that is not subject to the
them as spheres of a culpable violation of the God-given
general suspicion of being obscene. Breathable clothing
roles of the two genders. Furthermore, sport activities
for sport activities, such as the ‘Capster’, allow for a
like cycling and competing in supra-regional events en-
growing participation.
large the range of action that is traditionally attributed
to the woman, and therefore arouse suspicion.
Several sportswomen, such as the princess Haya of
Jordania (now wife of the sovereign of Dubai and
Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates, and female
president of the International Riding Federation /FEI )
who does horseback riding without wearing a Muslim
scarf, cause quite a stir and polarize opinions. Clearly
visible female athletes bring diverse opinions on to
the scene, in particular, the demand for closed sport
spaces exclusively for women. However, statements on
female sports often do not refer to the real facts only,
but rather serve as a substitutional outlet of concealed
social or political criticism.
Author:
Prof. Dr. Birgit Krawietz
Two steps forward, one backwards
Researcher on Islam.
While in the 20th century the state-approved feminism
Focus of Research: Islamic law
of countries like Iran, Turkey, Egypt, Tunesia, etc., was
and culture history, FU of Berlin
too hastily freed from taboos and had given female
sports a platform, making it a seemingly unmistakable
38 I
I 39
The role of sport in Islam
To answer the question of “Islam and Sport?“, a look in the Qur’an (English:
point of the enhancement of collective solidarity and
the Islamic community, occasionally they even take
Koran) and the Sunna will shed light on this concern. While Allah’s message in
global friendship, peace promotion, reconciliation and
place at the Mosque.
the Koran is rather concise and proverbial, the Sunna of the Prophet Muhammed
itly recommends sport, provided that universal ethics
explains how to interpret the wording of the Koran.
and the framework of the above-mentioned limits are
As far as sport is concerned, there is not any veto in the Koran. In accordance
“We created you from a single (pair) of a male and a
with the basic method applied by Islamic jurisprudence, this means that as long
‘siblinghood’ among human beings, Islam even explic-
I Horseback riding: Horseback riding is permitted if the
rights of animals are respected.
I Hunting: Hunting and killing animate beings is forbid-
complied with.
female, and made you into nations and tribes, that ye
may know each other” – the wording of the Koran is
1
den unless due to discernible need or indigence.
I Wrestling: To prevent unpredictable combats, it is allowed to exercise wrestling.
as something is not explicitly forbidden, it is permissible, in principle. In its gen-
clear without ambiguity here.
eral recommendations the Koran dictates that one should eat healthy food and
Translated into the time we are living in, this means:
if foot racing is practiced as a game of chance, this
Sport, above all international sports events like the
permission ceases to exist.
stay healthy. The Sunna teaches that health is also a gift of Allah, which has to
be taken care of in a responsible and preventive manner. If sport is a means of
promoting and maintaining health, according to the Koran and the Sunna, it is a
Olympic Games, create an atmosphere of cross-border
opportunities to get to know one another, promoting
the encounter of international athletes, organizers, employed back staff and volunteers, visitors and spectators
I Foot racing:The same apples to foot racing. However,
I Swimming: It has been passed down that the Prophet
already learned swimming when he was still a young
man. Therefore, swimming is a sport which Islam recommends, too.
good and recommendable activity. Some annotators of the Koran even go beyond
of different national, cultural and religious backgrounds.
this view by stating that healthy nutrition requires the consumption of organic
Being acquainted with each other is a means of
mendations, as well. They made sports grounds available
products.
strengthening respectfulness, tolerance and mutual
for training and competition, also providing financial
esteem as well as the condemnation of apartheid, rac-
support to the athletes.
The successors of the Prophet acted on these recom-
ism and intolerance. On the occasion of joint sporting
Maintaining the vitality of
body and mind
This is why vitality and health are the main effects which
avoided that have a negative influence on the nature of
sport needs to take into account. The religion demands
man, animals and plants or on sanity and reason. This
a humane treatment of sportswomen and sportsmen.
general message not only applies to food but also to
A high pressure to succeed is as undesirable as going
sport. Particular sports which impair the integrity and
beyond ones limits or particular sports are, which may
health of the human body or, respectively, lead to ir-
lead to severe and incurable impairments. Islamic ethics
remediable damages, shall be avoided.
do not admit this kind of manifestations of sport; they
vitality of body and mind; and a glance at two examples
of worship in Islam demonstrates that, in the broader
Nowadays we can state: As long as female and male
men) get to now one another in a better way, but this
Muslims comply with the dress code for their respective
also holds true for the nations.
body, they shall be allowed to practice any sport that is
in accordance with their char-
The Koran also states: All behavioral patterns shall be
The Sunna also underlines the need to maintain the
events, not only the people (sportswomen and sports-
therefore have to be avoided.
Sport enhances the community
sense, the practice of praying is also a physical train-
The global community is a multi-ethnic, multi-religious
ing, and the pilgrimage to Mecca requires that you walk
and multi-cultural undertaking. In view of a substantial
a distance of a considerable number of kilometers. In
basis of ‘siblinghood’ among human beings, the Koran
other words: both religious services do not only keep the
clearly expects the different nations and ethnic groups
mind vital and healthy but also the body.
to become acquainted with one another. From the view-
The “classical“ sports of Islam
There are no explicit wordings in the Koran which would
and their nature.
deal with physical activity, but a look at the Sunna helps
in this respect. The Prophet Muhammed encourages his
followers to practice several sports. His statements focus
on sports that serve recreation purposes. However, he
also positively mentions particular sports which require
physical exercise and training for unavoidable combats.
I Archery: In these competitions with bow and arrow
it is forbidden to use animate beings as targets for
exercise. The rights of human beings and also those of
all kinds of animals must be protected.
I Javelin games: To learn to handle a javelin in a cau-
Autor:
Bekir Alboga, M.A.
Researcher on Islam, Federal commissioner for
dialogue and head of department of interreligious and intercultural cooperation of DITIB
(Turkish-Islamic Union of the Institute of Religion, e. V.)
tious and safe way, javelin performances are held in
1
40 I
acter, capacity of performance
Koran, 49:13
I 41
Sport overcomes religious and cultural borders
There are numerous writings and successful practical examples concerning the
which we specially underline the health-related aspects
of sporting activities. The core message is clear: health
significance of sport for integration policy. Sport is able to connect people, to
is a universal value which men and women are entitled
overcome barriers and to facilitate encounters of persons of the most different
to, likewise. This access to sport, concerning contents,
in the first instance enables us to overcome religious,
origin and social background. However, sport does not only bring people to-
traditional or gender-specific lines of argumentation or
gether, but it can also strengthen the feeling of solidarity. This is exactly where all
perceptions that keep women from practicing sports.
stakeholders of integration, sport and the media will have to face pivotal chal-
A (traditional) role pattern is in flux
lenges. Along these lines, the FIFA World Cup 2010 was a good example. On the
The life situation of female migrants is not statical nor
occasion of the Soccer World Championship in South Africa, Germans and per-
fixed. The same applies to their participation in sports
which we may characterize as ‘being on the move’,
sons of Turkish origin jointly celebrated “their“ Mesut Özil and defied the verbal
facing conflicts, envisaging new ways of orientation and
exchange of the German and the Turkish media, which had been quite emotional
as a potential of emancipation on the part of female
migrants. The growing number of sportswomen with
in many respects.
a migratory background plays an important pioneering
role in this context. As a result, we are facing significant challenges for sport, in terms of integration and
Sport idols as role models
women’s politics.
The growing number of successful sportswomen with
to free themselves from traditionally roles ascribed to
a migratory background has reinforced two significant
them and to break open popular clichés – in many cases
tendencies on the part of male and female migrants
with the help of their parents. There still exists the habit
of Turkish origin. On the one hand, it has resulted in a
to suggest that migrant parents want to direct their
stronger motivation to participate in organized sport
daughters towards sports that are considered to be
and evoked the dream to become as successful as
typical girls’ sports or, respectively, oppose the idea that
Mesut Özil, some day in the future, or as “Susi“ Kenti-
their daughters may wish to choose a typical “mas-
kian & co. On the other hand, it has generated consid-
culine“ sport. This kind of understanding contradicts
erable dynamics with regard to the attitude of young
social reality and conceals the dynamic process, which a
Health is universal
female migrants to sports, which is of high relevance,
great part of the migrants find themselves in, with all its
We have experienced religion-related misgivings or
especially from the point of view of women’s politics.
chances and challenges.
even prohibitions. We know cases where young female
More and more young female migrants dare taking up
migrants were not allowed to take part in physical
Between tradition and modern lifestyle
education or swimming lessons. This relates to a core
Female migrants are not a homogeneous group but
of women. The more important is it to support the wish
rather distinguish themselves by complex ways of life. In
of female migrants to act in a self-determined manner
this context, we find even constellations of both, “tradi-
regarding their bodies and the path of life they choose.
tion“ and “modern lifestyle“ which they live simultane-
This holds true for both, mothers and daughters,
As a consequence, the visibility of successful sports-
ously, in other words, they meet the demands of their
likewise. And this is exactly the starting point of our
women with a migratory background has not only
families and also use their chance to move freely and in-
association which has the following strategy concerning
Chairwoman of the Federal Association
resulted in a higher number of participants in sports on
dependently in society. This balancing act is often linked
the participation of female migrants in sports: We or-
of Female Migrants and Board member of
the part of migrants, but also contributed an important
to conflicts which, in many cases, the female migrants
ganize a great number of information events on “Health
the German Women‘s Council
part to encourage particularly young female migrants
are left alone with.
and Sport“ for adult and young female migrants, in
particular sports which are characterized as typically
“masculine“, such as soccer. But even in boxing, young
female migrants increasingly enter the boxing ring, or
they play handball in the team of Gummersbach, striving to be like their famous role models.
42 I
question, namely the right of physical self-determination
Author:
Sidar Demirdögen
I 43
I Networking and City District Work
Sports clubs are important partners and integral parts of the communal infrastructure. They make independent and indispensable contributions to many areas
of public life, such as health, education, youth work and urban development.
Moreover, the variety of their sports programs contributes to the attractiveness of
the communities and has a share in the construction of identity in the light of the
cohesion of the community.
In this respect, sports clubs frequently cooperate with neighboring institutions.
The collaboration develops power and vitality if all cooperation partners agree
upon joint aims and, thus, gain strength all together. The better the networking,
the easier is it to assemble the many small, individual gear wheels to make a reliable, well-functioning clockwork.
44 I
I 45
Networking and City District Work
Strong network, strong sport, strong community
Teamwork is in demand
Information box:
The cooperation of communities and sports clubs will
I Also see the interview with Thomas Ritter, Head
also be of vital importance in the future because, to
of the Department of Sport of the city of Hanau,
great extent, sport and sports clubs contribute to the
on page 58.
quality of life. Sport makes places where people live
worth-while living in. It builds relationships, it stands
I For additional information, please read the
In the DOSB network project, many different
gear wheels were actually interlocking well and …
documentation of the DOSB conference
for identification and social cohesion. In other words,
“Strong Sport – Strong Communities“ and the
a strong sport makes the communities strong, too.
DOSB brochure “Networking“.
Numerous workshops and meetings deal with the basic
question of the future of sport and communities. Concepts that help to think outside the box are in demand.
We have to ask ourselves, for example, how sports clubs
will manage to shape their future in the light of the financial bottleneck which the communities suffer from. A
possible answer might be the following: by finding suitable local institutions as partners and working together
Active networking opens perspectives
with them to develop new forms of cooperation, thus
The DOSB network project “Physical Activity and
accomplishing objectives of mutual interest.
Health -Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“
is a good example. It shows ways how local sports
club can improve their part of the networking activities and intensify their relations of cooperation with
local institutions. A broad network of reliable forms of
cooperation enlarges the clubs’ scope of action, opens
new perspectives for their work, enriches the spectrum
of programs offered and makes new target groups accessible to sport.
Author:
Verena Zschippang
“Physical Activity and Health – Motivating
… provided for a sustainable cooperation.
more Female Migrants for Sports“
46 I
I 47
I The Qualification of Specialists and Managers
The increasing cultural and social heterogeneity of our society confronts our
sports clubs with great challenges with respect to their capacity to act, today and
in future. On this background, intercultural competencies, also in sport, belong
to the core qualifications of the times we live in. Cooperating with people of the
most different cultural backgrounds and, thus, most differing patterns of thought
and behavior requires specific kinds of knowledge and skills. In this context, we
need to pay special attention to the different backgrounds related to the life culture and traditions of women and men.
The following reports shall inform on approaches which were aimed at imparting intercultural competencies in and through sport, and point out the underlying
potentials. Furthermore, we introduce a practical program of qualification which
was targeted to male and female exercise instructors and managers in sport. An
adequate handling of intercultural differences will continue to be an important
precondition to encourage persons with a migratory background to discover and
make use of sports clubs as healthy and social living spaces. Gender-sensitive integrating work therefore lays the basis of the future capacity to act on the part of
sports clubs and federations.
48 I
I 49
The Qualification of Specialists and Managers
Sport in an intercultural context
The module “Sport interkulturell“ (sport in an intercultural context) has existed
since 2004 as a qualification course within the framework of the Federal program
“Integration through Sport“ of the German Olympic Sports Confederation.
It is time for cultural sensitizing
“Sport interkulturell“ is a concept of further training
The course is intended to sensitize exercise leaders with
which is based on three columns: process orientation
respect to cultural differences, and it work out new ide-
and participant-related orientation, experiential learn-
as concerning the interaction with multicultural sports
ing and intercultural learning. The qualification course
groups. It gives the participants an impression of how
pursues four goals which were formulated by the DOSB,
their own culture influences their thoughts and actions
namely, the sensitizing of the participants with regard
and what the chances and also the risks of intercultural
to culture-related differences, the enlargement of their
work in sport are. To convey this approach, the trainers
spectrum of action concerning their social relations, the
orientate themselves on so-called “playing fields“ of in-
transfer of intercultural learning to the clubs and the in-
tercultural learning in sport which are related to“feeling/
tegration of members of the society of the majority and
irritation/foreignness“, “cultural resources“, “percep-
of persons with a migratory background in sport.
tion and communication“, “values and conflicts“ and
“cultural diversity in sport“.
A new understanding of culture
The seminars are based on four core theses concerning culture: human behavior and human apperception are linked to culture; the major part of culture is
unconscious; culture is a system of orientation, and
culture changes or is changeable. Please note that in
this context the term of “culture“ is explicitly not limited
to nationality and/or an ethnic group but rather means
the manifestations, behavioral patterns and institutions
which emerge as a result of a cultural imprint by effective norms and values of a society.
“Sport interkulturell“ in practice
The seminars are implemented by trainers of the educational agency “context“ and, since 2008, specially
qualified staff members of the program “Integration
through Sport“ have also been involved in the course. In
the run-up to a seminar, the latter take part in a “train
the trainer“ program which is organized by the DOSB in
cooperation with “context“.
Author:
Verena Zschippang
Have a look at our website for further info0rmation:.
www.inegration-durch-sport.de or contact the regional
coordinators who are associated to the Regional Sports
Confederations.
50 I
I 51
Intercultural learning in sport
In the current social debate on migration and integration numerous didactic approaches are developed and discussed, while some them are played off against
others (starting with “anti-bias“, via “managing diversity“ and “intercultural
learning“ up to “trans-culture“). These approaches differ according to the respective prospects of social developments or, respectively, in terms of the target group
focus or the understanding of culture and communication. Nevertheless, there
is a common denominator: all of them are aimed at alleviating the social life of
mankind, independent of origin and other characteristics, and at shaping it in a
more equitable and just way.
“Sport interkulturell“
The prerequisites of IKL
Since 2005, the DOSB has pursued a detailed concept of
a matter of acquiring new knowledge about the perspec-
from your childhood on, the first step towards sporting
1. The concept of culture is open and covers a wide
intercultural learning by offering its qualification course
tives of one’s own person and of the world. We can state
activities consists in overcoming your own sluggish-
range. Each and every human being has his own cultural
“Sport interkulturell“ (main aims: sensitizing with respect
quite soon an “aha effect“, the participants begin to
ness and the feeling not to make “it“ (whatever that
background which molds his identity and which he partly
to cultural differences as well as development / strength-
understand how (intercultural) communication functions,
means). The same holds true for IKL. The issues are
shares with other human beings. A one-dimensional
ening of cultural competencies). This qualification, jointly
how misunderstandings, irritations and also conflicts come
apparently too complex, the concerns of integration,
reduction to national (“the Russians“, “the Germans“),
with process and participant-oriented didactic approach-
up and how they, the participants, can find a method of
which the media often tackle in a problem-expounding
ethical (“the Kurds“, “the Arabs“), or even religious (“the
es, implemented consistently, and an open and flexible
solution for situations/questions of their everyday life, be it
way, seem to be unresolvable. Fear, uncertainty and
Muslims“, “the Christians“) cultures is harmful.
concept of culture, has achieved extraordinary results. 1
in sports or at work. At the end of the qualification course
(anticipated) frustration do not generate desire for
of 15 hours of duration, the participants become aware
IKL. But even then, as experience tells, you just start,
2. The more multifarious the target group is, so much the
of the fact that they have to further exercise all what
effortless, and after a while you realize that you have
better. In our “Sport interkulturell“ training courses we
they have learned, to replenish it with their own insights
already learned quite a lot, that communication, also
see young and old people, women and men, university
and experience and to reflect it, once and again.2 In this
communication with others, can be trained. Progress is
graduates and unskilled workers, boxers and basketball
respect, we already find the first affinity to sport, and this
easy to ascertain and, finally, you do not want to stop
players, adherents of the political left and conservatives,
is why we also speak of intercultural training.
anymore. Such as sport improves the well-being of
exercise instructors and board members of clubs and, as a
body and mind, doing justice to health, in IKL a sense
matter of fact, also Egyptians, female Kasakhs and people
Sport and IKL:
both are fun, once you have started
of well-being and satisfaction comes about, due to
from the region of Baden. Excellent ! We just need some
the beginning of interesting contacts, better mutual
well-structured space and time to achieve a beneficial
understanding, new opportunities to do something in
exchange. In an instant, the cultural knowledge of the
have to do with different cultural backgrounds. Per defini-
The second interesting affinity refers to the motiva-
favor of integration and social peace in our society. IKL
participating parties increases enormously!
tionem, intercultural learning is a pedagogical approach.
tion, preconditions and first impetus. The most im-
arouses curiosity, enhances the ability to communicate
It is targeted to a gain of knowledge and a change of be-
portant reason to actively take part in organized sport
easily with people, the wish to broaden one’s perspec-
3. Participants in intercultural learning processes bring in
havior, and it needs to be constantly exercised and trained/
may be the desire for physical activity and competi-
tives and horizon and – in the true sense of the word
their own experience, their skills and resources and learn
instructed. In our training courses “Sport interkulturell“
tion, combined with the wish for contact and com-
– to “see more of the world“. IKL, such as sport, too,
to acknowledge and esteem themselves as experts of
we start with a first sensitizing for the subject matter . It is
munication (“sociability“). If you are not used to this,
is fun and puts you in a good mood!
their own (intercultural) way of acting (“empowerment“).
In the following, we shall relate the concept of intercultural learning (IKL) with basics of sport in order to firstly
explain why IKL and sport go so well together and,
secondly, describe what is the actual meaning of IKL.
Sport and IKL: both need
to be exercised
IKL tries to achieve mutual understanding across (seemingly) existing limits of communication, which somehow
52 I
I 53
However, in intercultural training courses, this demands
basis of equality of rights. It is about learning from one
systems competent and adequately, culture-wise. This
ing stands for the equality of rights of all partners in-
to pursue a stringent line of action which has to be
another about the others. IKL offers,for example, the
does not only refer to the level of behavior (e.g. the
volved in the learning process. Should there be substan-
participant-oriented and experience-based.
following opportunities for learning:5
handling of time, punctuality, hygiene,
tial economic and legal differences, the equality of rights
“Sport interkulturell“ demonstrates that the programs,
the access ways and the structures of organized sport
Reflection of the cultural backgrounds
elements of order, gender roles) but also entire systems.
This is why a glance at, or even better, an exchange of
is called into question. Intercultural educational work
must always draw our attention to all what may impede
this kind of learning at a sociopolitical level. Only then
offer good possibilities to implement IKL. People of all
Your reflect on your own cultural background. This is a
experience on differing sport systems in the countries of
kinds of origin, of different gender, age and professional
prerequisite to identify the differences and the com-
origin of the migrants is worth-while, in order to detect
groups, etc., are associated to the DOSB, ensuring per se
mon denominators of different cultures and to start a
misunderstandings regarding expectations of perform-
a quickly achievable diversity. The corresponding docu-
dialogue with persons of other cultures. Furthermore, ir-
ance/achievement, the amount of commitment of the
ments are also based on an open concept of culture.3
ritations that may occur in situations of intercultural en-
parents or the authority of the training staff, to at least
IKL is a process
However, some of the different stakeholders still have an
counters are easier to understand. Participants in courses
make a discussion possible. Not everything that is not
Finally, we wish to state that intercultural learning is a
essential need for further development. After all, dealing
of “Sport interkulturell” are invited, for example, to at
understood or strange will be understood in the end,
term of multifarious facets, which indicates a form of
with one’s own understanding of culture is an original
first individually study their respective biography (what
nor even become acceptable; notwithstanding, surprises
didactics that enable people to achieve genuine (inter-
part of IKL! We can also state an affinity of didactics,
kind of influences have substantially marked me, which
and fascination are given enough space, after all.
cultural) understanding in groups which are character-
in this respect. Sporting performance of the individual
values were conveyed to me, what part do/did religion,
will be actually achieved when the person is able to go
nation, sport, etc., play in my life?). In a subsequent
Relativizing the lack of understanding
beyond recognition from the outside and develops con-
exchange of experience about these topics in (small) het-
The lack of understanding and the uncertainty become
keeping it awake, once and again, instead of being sat-
fidence in his/her competences, as major driving forces
erogeneous groups, there is the possibility to curiously
more acceptable. Under certain circumstances, IKL
isfied with global assurances. IKL does not happen, just
and means of motivation.
listen to one another, to give an empathic feedback and
means that you have to leave habits back, to run risks
like that, such as integration through sport is nothing
to begin a dialogue on irritations already experienced
and to keep up with uncertainties. Since we frequently
that just happens. It rather requires that people work
earlier (in the sports hall, during club meetings, in other
find ourselves in a situation which generates a lack of
with their own perspectives and behavior and “train”
situations of life). We use suitable ways and methods,
orientation and understanding. In the courses “Sport
them. In order to shape this training in an effective
which place the variety of cultural prospects in the fore-
interkulturell”, we talk, once and again, about the
manner and simultaneously avoid “social accidents”, it
ground, to break up rigid stereotypes and prejudices in
feelings and reflexes that come up when you adopt
should be implemented by sensitized and qualified team
order to make them discussable. This requires to speak
the viewpoints of a different culture. But if we do so,
instructors, as this is being done in sport, too.
with one another (not about each other) and to mutu-
without prematurely assessing the new perceptions and
ally respect the ‘peculiarities’ of the respective other
experience on the basis of our own cultural patterns,
person. In this kind of situation, sport offers an excel-
these are exactly the kind of situations that generate
lent platform because common experience and common
new potentials of development and change which, on
aims are existent, anyway, and the necessary spaces for
their part, will set energies free in order to find solutions
communication can be provided and monitored by the
for seemingly unsolvable problems.
4
IKL is a form of social learning which is simultaneously
targeted to the area of cultural difference and successful communication of all individuals and groups on the
male or female trainer/exercise instructor. Naturally, this
requires awareness and knowledge of IKL.
Understanding other cultures
Taking up topics of sociopolitical
relevance
come into sight.
ized by diversity. Intercultural understanding, on its turn,
means arousing curiosity with respect to “the others”,
1
See http://www.integration-durch-sport.de/de/integration-durchsport/das programm/sport-interkulturell .
2
For this reason, some participants even register a second or third
time for the same training course or, respectively, wish to continue in a build-up training module.
3
Also see the DOSB basic paper “Sport und Zuwanderung “ (sport
and immigration) and the “Charta der Vielfalt” (charter of diversity), signed by the DOSB, by clicking on http://www.vielfalt-alschance.de
4
This a citation of the content and partly a literally quotation of
the explanations given in the DOSB paper “Sport interkulturell
– Fortbildungskonzept zur kulturellen Vielfalt im sportlichen
Alltag” (sport intercultural – a concept of further education on
cultural diversity in sporting everyday life), Frankfurt/M. 2009,
page 20 ff.
5
In the following, individual aspects of IKL will be underlined. For
a more detailed presentation, please see the document mentioned under point 4.
We tackle sociopolitical aspects. IKL takes place within a
Authors:
Other, strange cultures will be a little better understood.
sociopolitical framework which is marked by economic,
Andreas Schmitz, Anno Kluß
In situations of intercultural contact we are confronted
political and social imbalances of power (e.g. in many
with different systems of cultural orientation, which are
sports groups of children and young people you find
Educationalists, M.A., ‘context –
strange to us. We have to decipher the meanings and
that there are differences in their status of residence, a
intercultural communication and education‘
rules of these systems if we want to move within these
problem which has to be dealt with. Intercultural learn-
54 I
will the discrimination of members of different cultures
I 55
I Ready–Steady–Go!
The network project was aimed at bringing down the mutual barriers between female migrants
and sports clubs in order to try new ways of access towards each other.
The project was implemented throughout the whole country, in cooperation with the German
Jujutsu Federation, the German Life Saving Federation, the German Gymnastics Federation,
the Regional Sports Confederation of Baden-Wuerttemberg and the German Sports Youth of
the Regional Sports Confederation of Berlin, together with more than 20 sports clubs and local
groups. The core of the project, named “Sports + X“, served to establish new kinds of collaboration with local partners at municipal levels and to further develop already existing links
of cooperation. The following pages shall illustrate the way individual sports clubs approached
that aim, what lessons they have learned and what kind of recommendations could be derived
from their experience.
Information box:
I The brochure illustrates selected examples of good
practice. All partner organizations of the network
Definitionofterms:
I Cooperation partners are partners who directly
project will be most happy to make detailed reports
participated in the provision of the „Sport + X“ pro-
on their experience available, on request.
grams.
I The recommendations for action, which you find in
I Network partners are partners, who were involved
this chapter, are based on the good practice examp-
in the project environment, e.g. helping to establish
les presented therein. Further recommendations for
contacts.
action are made available in the evaluation report.
56 I
I 57
Ready – Steady – Go!
JointlyHeadingforNewStrength
The city of Hanau actively participated in the network program ‘‘Physical Activity
and Health – Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“, thus providing a positive
example of successful networking with the city. An interview with Thomas Ritter.
Mr. Ritter, what did you expect of this
network project?
Which part oft the project idea did you
find most convincing?
The initiative of the German Olympic Sports Confedera-
The core idea: a network of sports clubs with external
tion (DOSB) just perfectly matched our own approach.
partners of sport in order to develop combined pro-
The city of Hanau has a sports development plan which
grams of sports and additional offers.
attributes an important role to the networking of sports
clubs with external partners of sport, in view of addressing new user groups. Until now, under the key word of
networking, we had mainly taken schools and similar insti-
What was your task as a
network partner?
tutions into consideration. The network project placed the
Our Sports Section had the task to further advance the
focus of attention on networking with city district centers,
networking activities. For this purpose, we made facili-
the integration office, the office for women’s issues, the
ties available, established contacts, organized events and
city of Hanau, where not only the starting shot of the
hearsay. In our case, it was also unfortunate
private sector, etc.. It was clear for us that our participa-
provided advertising material, such as project T-Shirts.
project but also final press conference on the participa-
that the start of the courses had to be postponed
tion in the project took place.
due to the Ramadan. But, as we say, experience tells
tion in the project could provide an additional impetus for
the implementation of the recommendations for action
How did the project develop from the
municipal point of view?
you something.
The female project assistant of the German Gymnastics
What went well, what did not
work out so well?
Federation (DTB) and a female representative of the Fed-
The cooperation with all participating parties was very
eration introduced the project to us. In the first place,
satisfying. I did not learn about any problems regarding
Do you think that integration work
which combines sports with additional
programs has a future?
it was a matter of finding partners in the city districts
the project implementation. I liked very much the way
I consider it very reasonable to continue these or similar
where many persons with a migratory background are
how individual clubs “helped out” other clubs by provid-
programs. On the one hand, they help female migrants
living. Thus, we checked which sports clubs worked
ing female exercise instructors. Sports clubs which are
to get access to sports and physical activity programs
in those areas and what kind of social infrastructure
normally used to look at each other as competitors, sud-
and, on the other hand, they support the integration
existed on the local level. Thereafter, we organized a
denly established links of cooperation – a model which,
of the participating women. There is a great need for
Roundtable of all relevant stakeholders of the area, i.e.
for sure, will be relevant for the future, too, in the light
sports and physical activity programs. If the sports clubs
the integration office, the city districts, the clubs, etc., to
of the tight financial situation and decreasing human
manage to open themselves even more to these target
introduce the project. We were pleased that all invited
resources. Naturally, there were also some critical points,
groups, not only the female migrants and the clubs will
partners came and immediately agreed to take part in
which are certainly easy to overcome in the future. The
benefit from this approach. Our city strives for integra-
the project. In this way, we had found the network part-
running period of the courses was too short. Six to
tion at all social levels. Thus, the social interaction of
ners. Individual talks with the respective partners served
twelve months of net running time of the courses would
female citizens and citizens with or without a migra-
Director of the Sports Section
us to plan the appropriate access to the target group
have been more appropriate. If word-of-mouth advertis-
tory background means for the city of Hanau, but also
of the Municipality of Hanau
of female migrants in detail. Thereafter, the DTB took
ing is really so important, the courses should take place,
for the clubs, to be on the winning side. The network
up the activities of public relations, with a focus on the
once the course program has become known from
project contributes to this aim.
of our own sports development plan. At the same time,
the network project motivated us to further increase our
efforts to encourage female migrants to try our programs,
hoping that subsequently they would also recommend
them to other persons.
Interview partner:
Thomas Ritter
58 I
I 59
I G ermanJujutsuFederatione.V.(DJJV)
The German Jujutsu Federation aims at strengthening female migrants by means of
self-defense and self-assertion courses, and at raising their enthusiasm for sports.
Besides the sporting aspect, information on measures of prevention, behavior in situations of conflict and the legal framework of self-defense are integral parts of all courses. Furthermore, by offering additional program parts, they are given the possibility to
discover personal abilities and to develop and intensify their own trust in these skills.
Dietrich Brandhorst
DJJV Honorary President,
“I welcome the project 'Physical Activity and Health – motivating more female migrants to be
involved in Sports’. In my view, especially this target group is strongly restricted in our society,
due to the conservative attitude of their families, etc. In this case, sport is an ideal help for the
persons concerned and, moreover, it is the best for their health.“
Roland Köhler
DJJV Vice-President responsible for competitive sports
“A sport association is always targeted to get more people involved in sports. This particularly
applies to persons with migratory background, in whose case it is substantially more difficult
to integrate them in the club. For this reason, the German Jujutsu Federation gives projects like
this one the highest priority, supporting them with the help oft he entire executive committee.
’Motivating female migrants for sports’ is a vision, which must be translated into reality in our
multicultural society and is pushed one step further ahead by this project. Along these lines, I wish all participating
parties that Motivating more female migrants for sports’ will find the necessary recognition and support everywhere,
from the national sport-governing bodies to the clubs and down to the male and female athletes.“
* Nearly all sport-federations and sport-clubs in Germany are so-called “registered associations” in terms of §§ 21 pp. BGB (German Civil Code).
In this documentation all signed names complemented with “e. V.” are registered associations.
60 I
I 61
Project of the German Jujutsu Federation e. V. (DJJV)
Self-defense–andClownery
“The test to get the jujutsu belt and the clownery theater performance at the
BudoClub
Berlin
end of the project were real highlights. Both kinds of activities were a challenge
for the girls, requiring courage and the ability to have their “exam nerves“ under
Jujutsu Federation of Berlin e. V.
control. It was just great to see how the girls mastered these tasks in such a brave
Detlev Krause
and, above all, self-confident way.“
Minzeweg 11
12357 Berlin
http://www.ju-jutsu-berlin.de
Girls' Sports
Center
„Wilde Hütte“
Jujutsu
Federation
of Berlin
Janusz-Korczak
Elementary
School
Annika Brückner, Representative of the Berlin Jujutsu Federation, responsible for integration
Budo-Club Berlin e. V.
Düsterhauptstraße 17
13469 Berlin
http://www.bcberlin.de
GSJ
The Course Offered
Female exercise instructor :
In the sporting part the focus was placed on exercises of
The age group of the girls turned out to be ideal for
Annika Brückner
self-defense and self-assertion as well as the training of
the project: At the age of ten or eleven they are used
technical skills required by the program for the jujutsu
to sports, since they take part in physical education at
test.
schools and do not (yet) have concerns regarding physi-
Network partner:
I Society of Sport and
Social Youth Work (GSJ)
Cooperation partners:
I Girls’ Sports center “Wilde Hütte“ (Wild Hut)
I Elementary School Janusz-Korczak
cal contact during the training.
The Preparation
The additional offer to play ''clownery theater“ supported
It was an advantage for the start of the joint program
the topics of the self-defense course with a view to
Since this project had started so successfully, the two
that the representative of the Berlin Jujutsu Federation,
enhancing self-confidence, developing strategies to avoid
course leaders also offered it at the Hugo-Heimann El-
responsible for integration, had already good experi-
situations of stress and testing different roles and options.
ementary School. Numerous girls of the fifth grade (aged
ence in cooperating with the Girls' Sports Center “Wilde
Sport course offered:
Hütte“ of Berlin-Neukölln. Due to the good cooperation
Self-defense
in the past, the Girls’ Sports Center quickly declared
itself ready to make its facilities available, free of charge,
Additional offer:
and supported the project with the help of its experts in
Course on theater performance and clownery
social pedagogics on many occasions .
Girls’ Sports Center “Wilde Hütte“
Age of (female) participants:
10 –11 Years
of friends and family members took place.
The test to receive the belt and the theater performance
were organized for both courses together and finished
What was remarkable?
with a barbecue – and a trial course in rock climbing - ,
as a 'grand finale'.
The GSJ (Society of Sport and Social Youth Work) rep-
of the partners was optimal and resulted in a good
The partners already plan to hold subsequent courses,
resented the supreme level of interface with all other
cooperation. The sporting part of self-defense as well
using a similar concept.
partners. In its capacity as the responsible institution
as the theater part of clownery were well accepted.
behind the Girls' Sports Center, it established the con-
The girls had a lot of fun and actively participated in all
tacts with the project leader of the clownery course as
activities.
well with the Janusz-Korczak Elementary School, which
62 I
enthusiasm, as well.
(white-yellow belt) and the theater performance in front
The network functioned in an excellent way. The choice
Venue:
!
11 years) took part in the course offered there, full of
At the end of the course, a test to achieve the jujutsu belt
was immediately inspired to participate in the project of
The Summary
the jujutsu clubs of Berlin. After the course leader had
The girls showed great engagement and had a lot of
personally introduced the project to the (female) pupils
fun during their courses of self-defense and clownery
of the fourth and the fifth grade of the Janusz-Korczak
theater. They were proud of their achievements and
Elementary schools provide a good access
Elementary School, the (female) students could immedi-
appreciated very much the certificates of participation in
to the target group of ''young girls“.
ately register for the course offered.
the course, which had been issued by the DOSB.
Tip
I 63
ConsultinginSafetyandSecurity
CombinedwithGymnastics
“Why did the course find such a good acceptance? Because it was offered as a
i
MiM Ham
g
bur
'Safety and Security Consulting together with Gymnastics’. In this way, the women
did not have any problems to tell their people at home about their sporting acti-
Kodokan Hamburg e. V.
vities and were able to give their children useful tips concerning safety and securi-
Weg am Denkmal 11
ty. Thanks to this 'preventive measure', the male members of the families did not
22844 Norderstedt
hesitate to agree to their wives' participation in the course.“
http://www.kodokan.info
Kodokan
Hamburg
Network partner:
I Center for Children and Families Schnelsen
I Equal Opportunities Commissioner Norderstedt
Fa Ch Cen
m ild te
ili r r f
es en o
Sc an r
hn d
el
se
n
Fatma Keckstein
Equ
al O
Com pport
un
m
Nor ission ities
der
e
sted r
t
I MiMi Hamburg
The Preparation
Morasah Mazloumsaki-Schütt, MiMi-Referentin
questions, such as how to handle medicaments, what
breakfast meeting and, thereafter, the self-defense unit –
to do for good teeth or what kind of first aid measures
were also very well accepted by the women.
were appropriate for a child, issues that were of impor-
Since the subject matter of the self-defense course was
tance to the women and their children.
devised as a low-threshold approach and the course
The course was divided in two parts. The units of the
had an open structure, the women took part in the
MiMi course took place during breakfast, subsequently
''training'', showing high interest. It was helpful for the
the women were trained in self-defense.
participants that the MiMi representative, whom they
had become familiar with, accompanied them during
To mitigate the fear of contact and of the unknown and
The course was not announced as a ''Training of Self-De-
the course. Furthermore, the sensitive approach by the
to develop a sensitive, gradual approach for the women,
fense“ but offered as ''Safety and Security Counseling with
instructor of the self-defense course, who used punch
Additional offer:
the sports course and the additional program part of-
Gymnastics'“. The idea behind this title was the following:
pads and other auxiliary devices for the exercises in order
Health, Care, First Aid in Case of a Child
fered were planned at a very low threshold level. All
Women should be well advised and made fit in order to
to slowly mitigate the women's fear of contact, deci-
women were able to participate in all exercises very well.
sively contributed to make the network project a success.
As already mentioned, the MiMi representative perfectly
Most of the women only spoke very little German and
background. She was the key person in this course project.
Self-defense
Venue:
Center for Children and Families Schnelsen
enable them to also give their children tips regarding safety
and security. This ''added value“ produced a very positive
attitude of the husbands of the women with regard to the
participation of their wives in the course, too.
20 –70 Years
The women were directly approached on the occasion
the women originated from the same language area
of the breakfast meeting of the Center for Children and
as the MiMi desk officer, there was hardly any major
Families Schnelsen. The representative of MiMi person-
problem. The MiMi representative also accompanied the
ally introduced the project and, from the very beginning,
women when they took part in the self-defense courses,
served as an interpreter, thus avoiding language-related
where she served as an interpreter and lent a ready ear
problems of understanding.
to all kinds of questions.
The Course Offered
The sporting part of the program was a self-defense
and self-assertion course, according to the country-wide
uniform concept of the German Jujutsu Federation.
64 I
had problems of understanding. Since the majority of
The Summary
In principle, planning in so much time in the program and
providing so many opportunities for talking were worthwhile. During the breakfast, having a cup of tea or cof-
fee, the women could take their time for an exchange of
experience. In that framework, they took very attentively
notice of the theoretical elements of the additional part
of the program, which were integrated in
the given space of time.
The linkage of the sport course to an established fixed
event – such as, in this case, the breakfast meeting – was
the basis of a successful implementation. On this occa-
!
matched the course participants, due to her own cultural
The additional course program offered by the MiMi repre-
sion, the participants became acquainted with one an-
Tip
sentative served as a means to inform the women about
other, they enjoyed the welcome change and participated
A sport course which is implemented in familiar
important aspects of the German public health system.
from the very beginning, having a lot of fun. The division
facilities reduces the fear of the unknown.
The topics treated in this context were mainly related to
of the course in two parts – first the MiMi unit during the
I 65
Self-DefenseforWomenwithaDisability
“Courses for women with a disability are like a 'kinder egg' surprise, you never
“The
Roundtable“
know how each single day of the course will run. After all, the wishes and the
attitude of women with a migratory background did not distinguish themselves
Sports Club Todtglüsing
of 1930 e. V.
from those of the German participants. On the contrary: in spite of different nationalities and differing kinds of disabilities, we were able to find a great common
Tostedter Straße 20
21255 Todtglüsingen
http://www.todtgluesinger-sv.de
denominator.“
Network village
community
Todtglüsinger
SV
Organization
for disabled
persons
Female exercise instructors:
Anke von Berg / Anne Eichenauer
Network partner:
Police
Tostedt
I Equal Opportunities Commissioner
I The own network of the club,
Anne Eichenauer, Todtglüsinger SV
The Lebenshilfe had directly approached the participants
To facilitate the participation in the self-defense course,
to invite them to the course. It turned out to be an
the course leader personally picked up some of the
advantage that the course leader could systematically
women at their homes and took them back, too. This
target the women who worked or were taken care of in
was a matter of a great deal of personal commitment.
the Lebenshilfe to interest them in the course offered.
integrated in the village community
The Course Offered
The participants of the course felt very much at ease and
The sporting part of the program was a self-defense
learned a lot, due to the caring and competent instruc-
The Preparation
and self-assertion course, according to the country-wide
tion of the course leaders. They were encouraged and
There is one essential aspect that distinguishes this
uniform concept of the German Jujutsu Federation.
challenged in a way that all parties involved were very
I “The Roundtable“
I Police Tostedt
I Lebenshilfe (organization for
disabled persons)
DJJV project from the other DJJV projects: It is meant
for women with a disability, with or without migratory
Self-defense
The Summary
background.
content with the way the course had been run.
The additional program part was orientated to the
needs of the course participants. Important information referred to questions of a healthy body posture,
The lecturer of the police was very positively accepted
!
and proved that also male speakers are welcome. How-
ever, it is important that male lecturers are aware of the
From the very beginning, the sports club Todtglüsinger
exercises of relaxation as well as issues related to the
Additional offer:
SV was very open-minded towards cooperating with the
legal basis of social welfare benefit payments, in order
Back exercise program,
Lebenshilfe. The club was highly interested in winning
to help the women to achieve more self-reliance and
emergency aid, social welfare
enthusiasts of sports among special groups of girls and
autonomy. Information on travel possibilities for persons
The course for women with disabilities was also highly
women, and to promote the integration of the same.
with a disability was intended to encourage the women
accepted due to the fact that the course leaders were
A broad range of sports programs and differing strate-
and to show them the kinds of possible help in this con-
well trained for handling disability matters. In view of
gies are utilized to involve the members in the manifold
text. Information by the police on acting in self-defense,
not over-stressing anybody's personal commitment, a
activities of the club, such as in the case of one of the
assisting in an emergency, on contact points in case of
transfer shuttle service for the participants should be
two female course leaders, who actively works in both,
emergency and domestic violence supported and com-
provided and already be included
the club and the Lebenshilfe.
plemented the self-defense units.
in the planning.
Due to her activities in the Lebenshilfe, the course leader
The challenge of this course project was related to the
had many years of experience in working with persons
differing disabilities of the women: All women had
with a disability. As she personally knew the women
mental and learning disabilities. Two women suffered
and their special needs, the course contents could be
from high-grade depression. One participant had spastic
Tip
adapted to the specific target group from the outset and
paralysis and used a wheel chair; however, with special
Jointly coordinating and agreeing the
be implemented as a very low-threshold approach.
support, she could manage to walk short distances.
contents generates confidence and trust.
Venue:
Dojo Sporthaus Todtglüsinger SV (Sport),
Meeting room of the Sporthaus (additional offer)
17– 41 Years
66 I
problems and concerns of the women with respect to
their respective cultural background.
I 67
Self-Defense&Co.
“In spite of a binding registration, some girls did not turn up. It became apparent
that their mothers had allowed them to participate, however, their fathers had not
n
ria ss
va ro
Ba d C
Re
TV 1868 Burghausen e. V.
In
te
g
Cl rat
ub io
n
Police
Kanzelmüllerstraße 94
SV Gendorf Burgkirchen e. V.
made telephone calls to remind all girls of the course who were registered but had
not appeared on the starting day. So, the second time the courses were complete.“
84489 Burghausen
http://www.tv1868.de
approved of a participation. Other girls had just forgotten the starting day. We
Liaison Office
for Immigrants
TV 1868
Burghausen
&
SV GendorfBurgkirchen
Org. 'Women
help Women'
Andrea Ordner, Project Coordinator, TV 1868 Burghausen
Due to the fact that the course leader also accompa-
tion, which offered the women and girls an age- appro-
nied the participants during the additional part of the
priate training of self-defense and self-assertion.
program, she became a constant factor in the course
Ca
Female project coordinator:
A
http://www.svgb-ju-jutsu.de
nc
ltö er C
tt lin
in ic
g
wide uniform concept of the German Jujutsu Federa-
84508 Burgkirchen
Andrea Ordner
The
White
Ring
y
ar n
nd io
co at ls
Se duc oo
e sch
Kastanienweg 8
The additional part took up the interests of the course
system, as a person of trust.
participants, underlining and extending on the topics of
If courses for female migrants are offered, which are
the self-defense course (Police: civil courage; Women
not closely linked to an existing institution or already
help Women: non-verbal communication, panic reac-
established groups – such as this was the case in our
tions). The first aid course broadened the everyday
project – the personal approach, care and assistance are
competence of the women and girls, developing their
particularly important in view of reducing the fear of the
Three almost identical course projects were planned to
self-confidence and self-assurance.
unknown and achieving the acceptance of the course
take place in parallel. For that purpose, the two neigh-
We consciously opened the course for non-migrants,
boring sports clubs took up cooperation. It turned out
too, in order to promote the mutual understanding and,
How well the network functioned is illustrated by the
to be beneficial that both clubs had already cultivated
I Bavarian Red Cross
I The White Ring (e. V. which helps victims of
thus, the process of integration of all participants by
fact that the participating partners wanted to present
good relations and were easily won for a collaboration.
means of joint training lessons.
their additional program parts during the self-defense
Male and female exercise instructors:
Ramona Brandl/Thomas Rogger/Andrea Ordner
Network partners:
I Secondary education schools of Burghausen
I Integration Club and Liaison Office for Immigrants
crime and violence)
I Police Burghausen
I 'Women help Women' e. V.
I District hospitals Altötting/Burghausen
Self-defense
Additional offer:
Victim assistance, civil courage, first aid,
non-verbal communication
Venue: Competitive Sports Center South (Bavaria)
Age of (female) participants: 11– 44 Years
The Preparation
In the first instance the (female) project coordinator
informed all partners about the project in personal talks.
Then, on their turn, the male and female counterparts
took over a multiplier function. For the teaching units
not related to sports, the project leader had been able
to get the support of institutions which were familiar to
her, a circumstance which was to the benefit of a positive and sustainable cooperation.
!
women with a migratory background did not take an
On request, detailed experience reports can be made
interest in the course at first, because they did not con-
available by Ms Keckstein, contact address:
sider themselves to be “migrants”, according to their
fatma@keckstein.net
own words. Something similar happened to the German target group which did not find the course offered
appealing to them, either. However, personal talks and
higher secondary education, personally introduced the
explanations solved that problem of understanding.
ers and registration forms.
range of the network project of the DOSB.
ing. As a result of our inquiry we found that girls and
the project leader visited the schools of lower and of
project in the respective class rooms and distributed fly-
courses of the local two clubs – thus going beyond the
Many course participants were hesitant in register-
To systematically address girls of the desired age group,
The Course Offered
68 I
on the part of the participants.
The Summary
Tip
Right from the outset, the course participants highly
If the female participants are quite young, it is
enjoyed the activities. The women and girls had no
recommended to also inform the parents of the
The sporting part of the program was a self-defense and
problems in accepting the male co-trainer and tried the
girls about the course offered.
self-assertion course, in accordance with the country-
technical exercises of self-defense together with him.
I 69
I GermanLifeSavingAssociatione.V.(DLRG)
The German Life Saving Association (DLRG) wanted to achieve that, by means of
the network project, girls and women with a migratory background would learn
how to swim. Furthermore, the association aimed at making the participants more
familiar with the German language by offering them additional program parts and
courses, and at acquainting them with the German public health system and the
related diverse services, using different methods for this purpose.
Ute Vogt
DLRG Vice-President, Member of the German Parliament
“Integration must be lived in practice. It is not limited to friendly appeals. We have to
make substantial contributions that are related to the reality of life. From the DLRG's
point of view, the network project of the German Olympic Sports Confederation ' Physical
Activity and Health – Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports' was a project approach
which was based on a promising conception because of the combination of a sports program with qualifying and educating additional parts offered. In the course of the project
it became apparent that swimming was increasingly attractive for girls and women – independently of their ethnic
origin. The swimming courses turned out to be a real hit. At the end of the project, we had a long waiting list of
female migrants who wanted to register for a course: this was a positive and very promising result.“
70 I
I 71
Project of the German Life Saving Association e. V. (DLRG)
SwimmingandLanguageTuition
DLRG Grömitz e. V.
Fahrenhorst 8
23738 Lensahn
“There is a small 'oasis' of support, recognition and attention for girls in Neu-
http://www.groemitz.dlrg.de
stadt, where they have fun and can enjoy learning, where there are empowered
Female exercise instructor:
in terms of their mental, spiritual and physical development. This is an achievement which we are specially proud of.“
Elif Basarin
Network partner:
I Migration counseling
German Association
for the Protection
of Children
DLRG
Grömitz
Migration
counseling
Elif Basarin, Female Project Leader DLRG, Grömitz/Neustadt
Cooperation partner:
I German Association for the
Protection of Children (DKSB)
The swimming course took place in the indoor pool
migrants. At the same time, at first, there was uncer-
“Grömitzer Welle“. Since the pool was closed during
tainty regarding the way the girls should be addressed
Swimming
the school holidays, we organized the double amount of
and how to interest them in club membership. In this
swimming lessons on three evenings. The day after, the
respect, we need to gain more experience in other,
Additional offer:
girls met for their German language lesson provided by
similar courses.
German language tuition
the German Association for the Protection of Children.
9–12 Years
In summary, the youth group program of the DLRG
The Preparation
Grömitz is an excellent platform and a perfect tool for
From the outset, this project was characterized by the
It was nice to see that the collaborators of the German
good partnership between the DLRG Grömitz and the
Association for the Protection of Children supported
young people and adolescents can meet there for an
German Association for the Protection of Children
the girls, much beyond a mere language teaching. The
(DKSB) Ost-Holstein (Neustadt) as well as the Migration
systematic assistance as well as integration courses and
Counselor. Because of the fact that in Neustadt there are
The course was followed up by an extension course in
advisory talks helped to sustainably strengthen the eve-
only few foreign citizens (6,78 %) and that traditional
swimming, combined with a modified additional part.
ryday competence of the girls.
integration purposes. German and foreign children,
exchange of views and mutual approach.
prejudices are part of the small city's everyday life, the
“female migrant-friendly” network project could be
launched successfully, with a great deal of commitment
and persuasive power.
The Summary
On the very first day of the project the girls created a
common motto titled 'Pink is Great, Swimming is Cool”,
The Course Offered
The combined project of the DLRG and the DKSB gave
which is an illustration of how much fun they had during the course.
Surprisingly, the group did not express any wishes nor
ners' course and to improve their knowledge of the Ger-
expectations related to religious motives, as far as the
man language by way of a tuition offered by the German
pool facilities or the general conditions were concerned.
Tip
It was the declared aim of the DLRG to encourage the
Let all participants choose jointly the
participants to join the club in order to keep them as
title of the course; this strengthens their
permanent members of the club, if possible. The DRLG
identification.
Association for the Protection of Children.
members were very open-minded towards the female
72 I
!
the girls an opportunity to learn swimming in a begin-
I 73
Project of the German Life Saving Association e. V. (DLRG)
SwimmingforBeginnersandWomen'sBreakfast
DLRG-Ortsgruppe Wolfsburg e. V.
Education
Center
Schleusenpfad 1
38440 Wolfsburg
“Not only the swimming but also the breakfast,which took regularly place, were
http://www.wolfsburg.dlrg.de
well received. On that occasion the women could hold discussions and exchange
Project leader:
views. Our network partner supported us in a special way, by deepening the to-
Werner Jacobs
pic of 'integration' in talk rounds and working groups. We also learned a lot in
Petra Brosig
Office for Equal
Opportunities
DLRG
Local Group
Wolfsburg
Charitable
Service
this context.“
Petra Brosig, Female Exercise Instructor, DLRG Local Group Wolfsburg
Network partner:
I Education Center Wolfsburg, Ltd.
I Office for Equal Opportunities of the
City of Wolfsburg
Assisted
Living
Center
The Course Offered
The Summary
I Diakonie (Charitable Service)
I Lebenshilfe (Assisted Living Center)
During the first lesson a regular teaching of the subject-
The club management looked after the organization,
matter of the course was absolutely impossible. The
the establishment of contacts and the financing, advo-
women just joyfully plunged into the water, romping
cating the project everywhere with a lot of persuasive
around, with lots of laughter and noise. All of them had
Swimming for female beginners
activities. These efforts met with great approval.
an elemental need to enjoy some freedom of action, to
Koordinationspartner:
Additional offer:
The Preparation
try something out and test oneself, and to experience
As a follow-up of the project, the swimming course for
Right from the start, the DLRG had tried to also find fe-
the water, as such. The exercise instructor included that
women was continued. Besides breast stroke swim-
Women's Breakfast
male participants for the network project via news- pa-
perception in her individual shaping of the course.
ming, the women got to know and master the crawl
per advertisements. A female employee of the Diakonie
girls and women
Outside the water, besides the blocked events, such as
responded together with a group of female migrants
were acquainted with some elements of life-saving. At
the first aid course, once a month a women's breakfast
whose dream was to know how to swim. After first
first, only the participants of the first course took part
took regularly place and met with great approval and
contact talks the project was introduced. The migrants
in the continuation course, but meanwhile completely
response. Since the course leader was supported by two
wished to have a pool for women, only, which the DLRG
different women joined in. German women are most
females who were serving their 'FSJ' (1 year of voluntary
found on the premises of the Lebenshilfe. The facilities
welcome, as well.
social work, in sport), it was possible to offer child-care
were optimal: relatively small windows with frosted glass
services during the swimming hours.
sheets did not allow any view into the room, and the
additional installation of colored light made it possible
to utilize findings from color therapy. The course was
immediately booked out because of the positive conditions offered by the network partners and the swimming
pool manager.
At the end of each lesson, the participants could use
a relaxation phase to unwind and let go. This was very
important to them. Thereafter, however, the women
would have loved to stay more time in the water, even
when the next group arrived. To find a solution, it was
Tip
agreed to keep an interval of 15 minutes between the
A women's breakfast, as an accompanying element
two group appointments as a “bathing ban” period
of the course offered, eases the atmosphere, offers
which could be perfectly utilized for talks concerning
new types of insight and creates trust.
the coming events and activities.
74 I
!
stroke. Moreover, they learned to jump and dive and
I 75
From the German Life Saving Association e. V. (DLRG)
SwimmingforWomenandPalaver
DLRG Waldshut-Tiengen e. V.
Maueräcker 1
79771 Klettgau
”In my view, integration means mutual respect. The project made us practice it
http://www.waldshut-tiengen.dlrg.de
every day together, us being the women who had looked for a new home in this
country and partly found it, as well as the exercise instructors who had to patiently
Elke Lehr
learn the art of understanding on the basis of little language knowledge and much
I Family Center Hochrhein (FaZ)
I Hochrhein Vocational Training
Hochrhein Vocational Training and
Education Center
DLRG
WaldshutTiengen
Family Center
Hochrhein
empathy.“
Elke Lehr, Female Exercise Instructor, DLRG Waldshut-Tiengen
and Education Center (HBBZ)
Swimming
Additional offer:
Women's discussion group and language teaching
The combination of women's palaver with a language
external experts, resulted in an outstanding networking.
course opened a good opportunity for the women
To recognize and to become acquainted with informal
to exchange experience also beyond issues related to
networks of the female migrants has opened new ways
swimming. Because of the high number of participants
of approach and led to the establishment of a first con-
and the difference in their swimming skills, the women
tact – a good basis for future cooperation.
who attended the course twice a week, had to be di-
The Preparation
Group dynamics which work well in an already functioning group (due to the language course in the HBBZ) are
the best prerequisite to be successful in addressing as
many women as possible.
vided in two groups.
As the local group of the DLRG is not in a position to of-
a contribution to the costs of the course, to be paid as a
The local work regarding PR was excellent. The local
newspapers informed about the project at regular intervals, and even the ZDF (2nd German TV station under
In the informal network of the women, word about the
public law) televised two documentations. The women
course offered got around very quickly and became a
were very proud of the great feed-back. As a memory
real insider's tip.
of the project, they received a CD with photos and,
upon approval by the ZDF, a recording of the televised
The Course Offered
reportage.
The swimming did not only make the women physically
The Summary
stronger. Since the door to the indoor swimming pool
was not kept open in the absence of a supervisor, the
women had to stick to precise rules and time schedules.
fer courses free of charge in the long run, there will be
participation fee in future. The role of financial support
will have to be checked to make the participation of the
women in the swimming course possible.
by e-mailing to kommunikation@bgst.dlrg.de
The DLRG was very positively surprised by the great
interest in swimming.
In this way, the participation in the swimming course
Thanks to the project, many new contacts were estab-
automatically also resulted in more social competence
lished and existing links were consolidated. An open
and self-assurance, because each women was personally
communication and the exchange of views regarding
Tip
responsible for her own time management.
all project levels, in cooperation with male and female
Inform the local press about the
course offered and invite press representatives for an interview
76 I
!
Detailed experience reports are available free of charge,
I 77
IGermanGymnasticsFederatione.V.(DTB)
The German Gymnastics Federation has just under 5 million members, out of whom
3.5 million are girls and women. 80 % of the members are active in the area of the
GYMWELT (which stands for physical activity and sports for fitness and health, gymnastics, dancing, presentations and outdoor sports. In the light of the figures above,
it can be stated that the range of programs offered by the DTB appeals to girls and
women, above all, and is directed to their interests and needs. Thus, the DTB is also
attractive to girls and women with a migratory background.
PD Dr. Maike Tietjens
DTB Vice-President, responsible for Human Resources Development,
Gender Equality and Women
“It was a pleasant experience to see that the personal needs and interests of the women
were very similar – although they originated from different cultural backgrounds.“
Prof. Dr. Walter Brehm
DTB Vice-President GYMWELT
“A first step has been achieved, we could gain experience and formulate recommendations
for the clubs. Now, it is our turn to enlarge these ideas and to take care of sustainability.“
78 I
I 79
Project of the German Gymnastics Federation e. V. (DTB)
MotherandChildontheMove
“Integration means tedious efforts with a lot of home work. At the beginning,
we thought that we would not achieve any results concerning the women.
i
MiMen
s
Hes
Nothing seemed to really advance - until, on the occasion of a block party, I was
Turnverein Kesselstadt 1860 e. V.
so warmly welcomed and hugged by 'my' course participants that I got the fee-
Kastanienallee 144
ling: Yes, I am a person familiar to them. That was a very good feeling.“
63452 Hanau
http://www.tvkesselstadt.de
City
Di
Offi strict
ce
I Weststadtbüro (city district office)
W Of
om fi
en ce f
's or
Iss
ue
s
Katja Simon
Network partner:
Petra Heckmann, Department of Gymnastics, TV Kesselstadt
TV
Kesselstadt
I Office for Women's Issues of the City of Hanau
I MiMi Hessen (project with migrants)
physical activity and diet
Venue:
Club house TV Kesselstadt
gymnastics, they just believed that all gymnastics were the
tic course. It was designed as a very low-threshold ap-
same. The course leaders were gladly willing to adapt their
proach because many women had never practiced sports
training lessons correspondingly and offered those women
before in their lives.
fitness gymnastics instead of mother-and-child gymnastics.
The additional part offered took up the special wishes of
The Summary
the circumstances under which a woman uses to live in
Once the room problems were solved, the project started
Germany. Furthermore, the women received useful hints,
to run smoothly. The networking between the club and
not only for their daily life in Hanau but also related to
the Weststadtbüro functioned perfectly, and the two
The Preparation
the subject of physical activity and diet.
partners decided to continue their cooperation.
The activities of the gymnastics club TV Kesselstadt were
The sports course was in the foreground, while the addi-
It became apparent that integration work also means hav-
supported by the Weststadtbüro, a meeting place of
tional part was dealt with in three separately organized
ing a long staying power, always starting with rapproche-
the citizens of the west town district of Hanau. A city
course units.
ment, as a first step, and going on to be active. Only at the
Mother-and-Child Gymnastics
Help for women in Hanau,
The sports program covered a mother-and-child gymnas-
the women. Upon request of information, we clarified
Additional offer:
The Course Offered
like Hanau offers many programs for female migrants;
!
end of the course began it to show that the women really
as a consequence, the coordination of the dates of the
acted in a more independent and self-determined way.
courses was the first task to be solved. In this way, we
The Weststadtbüro is very small. For that reason, the
In the run-up it is not always clear if female migrants
20 – 40 Years, preschool children
avoided an overlapping of the course program of the
sport courses could not be held there. Since the club
have already been in contact with sports in their own
club with other courses.
house of the TV Kesselstadt, which is not accessible to
cultural environment and, if so, in which way. Thus, it is
public view, was at walking distance, the women and
recommendable to keep the ambitions of the sports pro-
their exercise instructor met at the known Weststadt-
gram rather low at the beginning. Gymnastics can serve
büro and walked together to the rooms of the club
as an appropriate start, for example.
The mothers were directly invited with the help of the
Weststadtbüro. Many of them already knew the gymnastics club because of its program and were immediately interested in participating in the course. It was
also possible to motivate the children, with the help of
their mothers, to take part in the course. Furthermore,
flyers were displayed everywhere in the Weststadt
80 I
house. Originally, accompanying them had been a stopgap measure, but that changed quickly: The women got
to know one another much better during the walk, they
built up trust and had a lot of fun.
district, in shops and kindergartens, day-nurseries,
It repeatedly happened that women turned up to take
Tip
schools, youth centers and early education institutions.
part in the mother-and-child gymnastics course without
Trustful cooperation is more important
As a result, the rush for the first training was very
bringing children. Upon request, they told us that they
than an elaborate training concept.
strong; later on, about half of the women took part in
wanted to do something for themselves. As in their own
This holds especially true for the start.
the course regularly .
cultural environment there was no mother-and-child
I 81
Women'sGymnastics,DirectlyontheSpot
ce
s
Offi men'
Wo s
for Issue
Turngemeinde Hanau 1837 e. V.
“Training lessons for female migrants are a bit different. This holds true, not
because the aims of this specific target group would differ from ours. Not at all
Jahnstraße 3
– they have the same problem areas and want to slim down. It is just that they
63450 Hanau
need more time to understand the exercises. All together, everything goes a bit
http://www.tg-hanau.de
TG Hanau
1837
more slowly – and this is absolutely all right. It is just a question of taking more
City
Di
O stric
Sou ffice t
th-E
ast
Saskia Rust, Female Exercise Instructor, TG Hanau
”C
is om
a
p
su me ete
pp an nc
or s o e
t“ f
Saskia Rust
time for them.“
Network partner:
I City District Office South-East
I Office for Women's Issues of the city of Hanau
I ”Competence is a means of support“
From the start, it was apparent that it was better to ad-
All together, the fact that the exercise instructor immedi-
dress the participants in an environment that is familiar
ately responded to the wish to show understanding for
Women's Gymnastics
to them. For that reason, the sports course offered by
the 'hijab” (the commandment of veiling of the Islamic
the TG Hanau was shifted, directly on the spot, to the
religion) and left the decision to the women themselves,
City District South-East. Fortunately, the center had a
turned out to be a most confidence-building measure.
room available, and we could spare ourselves the search
The city of Hanau has a high percentage of persons with
for a free indoor hall.
a migratory background. The integration of this target
Additional offer:
Women in Germany, assistance for
women in Hanau, mobile phone contracts,
how to conclude contracts correctly
20 – 60 Years
The Preparation
Once again this project showed that good networking
may lead to quickly booked out courses. The women
were directly invited by the City District Office to take
part in this course. Simple flyers were handed out, too.
The efforts were crowned by success: Right from the
outset, a large group joined and regularly participated in
the course.
The Summary
portance for the future of the clubs.
The municipal partners provided access to the target
groups by utilizing existing contacts and made the exercise room available.
In a “normal“ sports hall, it would not have been pos-
The Course Offered
The sports program included a training of gymnastics
which focused on keeping oneself fit, preventing back
82 I
!
group in the everyday activities of a club is of high im-
sible to run the project, due to the limited number of
available exercise rooms or other major difficulties to
overcome.
pains and other disorders. The additional part took up
Talks before and after the lessons, explanations about
the special wishes of the women. It dealt with expla-
the structures and the activities of a sports club facili-
nations concerning the question what it meant for a
tated the approach and aroused curiosity on the part of
women to live in Germany, in general, and in Hanau, in
the female migrants. Later on, some women dared to
Tip
particular. Mastering the handling of mobile phones and
take part in training sessions of the club. They had no
Check whether the sport course offered
other useful hints regarding the conclusion of contracts
problems to wear training clothes, and even took off
can also be implemented in facilities provi-
were also treated in the respective additional part of the
their headscarves, once it was clear that there would not
ded by cooperation partners.
course.
be any male participants in the course.
I 83
Women'sGymnasticswithInformationInterface
”I specially liked that the network project in Hanau provided the opportunity to
also get acquainted with the responsible persons of the other clubs of Hanau. We
i
MiM n
se
s
e
H
had many interesting and informative talks with different organizations and re-
Turn- und Sportverein
1860 Hanau e. V.
sponsible persons who gave us new ideas and opened up different viewpoints.“
Ursula Schindzielorz, Gymnastics Department, TSV 1860 Hanau
Philipp-August-Schleißner-Weg 2a
63452 Hanau
TSV
1860 Hanau
http://www.tsv1860Hanau.de
Saskia Rust
Network partner:
I Neighborhood Center Lamboy/Tümpelgarten
W Of
om fic
en e f
's or
Iss
ue
s
Nei
Cen ghbor
h
t
Tüm er Lam ood
b
pel
gar oy/
ten
The female migrants also received important hints and
as needed to make all women fully understand them. It
assistance for their everyday activities and on the subject
would have been desirable to achieve a more intensive
of health and diet. Child-care services were made avail-
networking with other social institutions which were
able during the women's gymnastics course.
also working at the local level, e.g. the neighborhood
I Office for Women's Issues of the city of Hanau
I MiMi Hessen
center. In this way, it would be possible to advertise the
sports courses of the clubs in the program index of other
Unfortunately, the neighborhood center had no rooms
social institutions, as well, and vice versa. On very cold
available. However, the club house was situated very
days, on Muslim holidays (there are many others besides
close-by. It was agreed with the interested women to
the Ramadan – please provide the respective informa-
meet at the neighborhood center on the first three days
tion!) and during the run-up to the school holiday,
of the course to cross the street and walk to the club
the female migrants were strongly involved in family
Women's gymnastics
The Preparation
Additional offer:
In cooperation with the neighborhood center the
house together. First of all, the participants looked at
matters. This should be taken into consideration when
Women in Germany,
exercise instructor of the future group and the head of
the sports hall in the basement of the club house, which
planning the dates of the courses. Thus, the course
Assistance to women in Germany,
the gymnastics section of the TSV 1860 Hanau visited
had a changing room of its own and a separate door-
should be scheduled to take place in the period from
Physical activity and diet
several women's discussion rounds. They invited the
way, with access through the garden. The women were
mid-September to
women of the Neighborhood Center and demonstrated
delighted and also relieved when they realized that the
December and from February until the summer holidays.
short exercise sequences to show them what was to be
sports hall was not accessible to public view.
20 – 60 Years
expected during the course. A handout which was disseminated in schools, day care centers for children and
The Summary
in shops, illustrated the activities offered by the club.
After initial room problems, the project began to run
very well. The differing working hours of volunteers and
The Course Offered
The sporting program offered a gymnastics training which above all focused on keeping oneself fit to
prevent back pains and disorders. The women had a lot
of fun, right from the beginning – and MUSCLE ACHE,
Often it was difficult to bring all people together. When
women take part in training lessons they just feel positive and want to continue. Such a possibility of continuation should be offered to them – either in the club or
!
by organizing a new course.
Tip
them. The additional part took up the special wishes of
The exercises could be put into practice in a good way,
Use the cooperation with the partners
the women. They were informed, for example, what it
above all, thanks to the sport instructor. She explained
perhaps also for the planning of venues/
meant for a woman to live in Germany.
the exercises with a lot of patience and as much time
facilities or staff.
a sensation that, so far, had been totally unknown to
84 I
employees were a topic which was discussed repeatedly.
I 85
MusicGardenforBabies&Co.
te
Cen
th
ls
You or Gir
f
time, to take care of the wishes of the migrants. However, in the long run, you will
r
Association for Sport and Culture
Sprendlingen 1886 e. V.
“Sometimes it means a great deal of work to cultivate the network and, at the same
also get back a lot. This is why I was very happy about the word-of-mouth recommendation thanks to which two new participants joined the course. It was also felt
Seilerstraße 9 –13
SKG
Sprendlingen
1886
63303 Dreieich
http://www.skg-sprendlingen.de
Kathrin Dante / Ilona Höttinger
Network partner:
I Integration Office of the city of Dreieich
I Day-Care Center for Children of the
Versöhnungsgemeinde (parish)
I Youth Center for Girls
windows of the gymnastics room.“
Kathrin Dante, Female Exercise Instructor, SKG Sprendlingen 1886
I
O nt
cit ffi egr
y ce ati
of o o
Dr f th n
ei e
ec
h
good to get the support by the parish/municipality concerning the covering of the
Day
-C
for are Ce
of t Childr nter
e
he
Par n
ish
The Preparation
is important 'food' for body, soul and mind, a good
because the right work-and-life balance was a concern
opportunity for the mothers to accompany and experi-
which the participants had to handle, as well. The col-
ence the development of their children on an occasion
laboration with all interested parties (network partners
outside family life.
as well as female migrants) was based on a gradual
mutual approach. The more familiar they became with
The parish Versöhnungsgemeinde is an institution which
is familiar to the migrants and which they put trust in,
Additional offer:
This project placed strong emphasis on team work. Both
because it has always delivered good work. To interest
Early musical education for babies
cooperation partners were sure that mother-and-child
mothers with a migratory background in the course,
gymnastics in combination with a “Music Garden“, or
they were directly approached in the kindergarten of the
even alone, would raise strong interest in the neigh-
parish and invited to take part. Before the course start-
borhood, and therefore agreed to jointly organize the
For detailed experience reports, please contact the DTB
ed, a trial lesson was held which also served to distribute
course, once a suitable female exercise instructor was
by e-mailing to Maria Irala, contact address:
flyers. Within one week's time, we had already received
available.
maria.irala@dtb-online.de
Mother- and-Child Gymnastics
Mothers with toddlers
each other, the greater the confidence they achieved
and the more continuously will be the common work to
be developed in future.
a good number of registrations for the course.
The Course Offered
The Summary
Right from the start, there was an excellent cooperation
All beginnings are difficult: The course had actually
between the Versöhnungsgemeinde and the club SKG
been planned as genuine mother-and-child gymnastics.
Sprendlingen. Therefore, the club could utilize the good
However, since there was no female exercise instruc-
contacts of the Versöhnungsgemeinde to find partici-
tor available for that subject, the club gladly accepted
pants and was also actively supported in shaping the
the offer by the cooperation partner and organized a
program of the course.
“Music Garden”, instead. For this purpose, babies up to
86 I
!
18 months of age and their mothers were invited to play
Besides the search for the female exercise instructor
Tip
games combined with music. During this early stage,
for the mother-and-child gymnastics, the coordination
Meet your network partners periodically
playing music together and listening to music together
of the course schedule was a problem, time and again,
in order to quickly react on new challenges.
I 87
I R egionalSportsConfederation
Baden-Wuerttemberge.V.(LSV)
About 230,000 people with a migratory background live in the city of Stuttgart.
Girls and women are clearly under-represented in the sports clubs and among the
participants of sport courses. The LSV started the network project in cooperation
with the Sport District of Stuttgart and the program “Experiencing Sports Together“
in order to specifically address girls and women with a migratory background. “We
want to increasingly get this target group to sign up for physical activity and sports
courses“, LSV President Dieter Schmidt-Volkmar commented.
Rainer Hipp
LSV Managing Director
”The Regional Sports Confederation Baden-Wuerttemberg has been active in integration
work for more than 20 years by means of implementing its program 'Integration Through
Sport'. Numerous position papers concerning sport and immigration, which we developed in
cooperation with the German Olympic Sports Confederation, serve as an essential foundation
of our work in the key area of integration. In the light of social and political developments we
advocate a pluralistic approach to integration in this respect. Basing itself on diverse action
concepts regarding networking activities, active participation and qualification, sport serves as a medium to adapt sports
programs to the respective local situation in order to achieve successful integration. In this context, it became apparent
that in many cases we need to provide specific conditions to encourage women with a migratory background to practice
sports. The DOSB network project in the city of Stuttgart tried new ways out to give girls and women with a migratory
background access to sports, physical activity and health, making the results also available to club sports.
88 I
I 89
From the Regional Sports Confederation Baden-Wuerttemberg e. V. (LSV)
FitforDancing,FitforPCWork
b
wa
Sch ool
Sch
“At the beginning of the first lesson I was afraid that the women had only come
to sign up because of the computer course. While I made them register on the
MTV Stuttgart e. V.
Am Kräherwald 190a
list of participants, some of them had already disappeared. I was positively sur-
70193 Stuttgart
prised when I went to the sports hall and realized that the women had already
http://www.mtv-stuttgart.de
MTV
Stuttgart
”Ex
per
i
Sp encing
Tog orts
eth
er”
Katharina Krell, Female Exercise Instructor, MTV Stuttgart
r“
Katharina Krell
The Summary
ro
Pa
rt
ne
Network partner:
I ”Experiencing Sports Together”
changed their clothes and were waiting for the gymnastics program to start.“
The announcement of the PC program produced a
an overview of software products and concrete addition-
genuine run on the course seats. The project leader was
I „Mikro Partner“
I Schwab School
al information of specific benefit to the female migrants.
quite astonished to see that the women participated in
the remaining parts of the body were trained. The
Fitness Dancing
course started with a small combination of aerobics for
„M
ik
eration as well as a topic called “Me and the Internet”,
Following some exercises for the head and the hands,
warming up. The subsequent training of strength (circle
Additional offer:
Computer course
The Preparation
Right from the outset, there was high interest in taking
training and training of 'bums, legs and tums') aimed at
building up fitness for the choreographic dance of the
final part.
Venue:
part in the computer course which was quickly booked
Sports hall of the Schwab School
out. The flyers, which were distributed in courses named
Both, the sporting part and the additional part of the
and facilities of “Micro Partner“
“Mummy learns German” in the surrounding area, and
program took place in the west of the city of Stuttgart.
during the courses of the seminar for parents on educa-
For the sport course the project ”Experiencing Sports
tion counseling, were well received by the target group.
Together” (GES) made periods of use of the sports hall
14 –57 Years
By means of word-of-mouth propaganda the informa-
of the Schwab School available. It was an advantage
tion on the course offered went quickly around in the
that the school gymnasium was well equipped and not
Parent-and-Child Center. At the Schwab School the
accessible to public view from the outside.
handouts were welcomed with great interest, too. The
announcement of the course in the local newspapers
was also beneficial. The magazine “Impuls”, which is
When the first lesson started, we were surprised be-
published in Russian language, as well as the Stuttgart
cause some mothers had brought their children. We
weekly “Wochenblatt” informed about the course.
therefore had to find a quick response in organizing a
The Course Offered
90 I
child-care service for eight children up to six years of
the fitness dancing course very enthusiastically, as well.
Moreover, many women expressed their wish to take
part in a continuation of the sport course, even if the
financing of the computer course would not be continued. The large number of participants in both courses
was also favored by the fact that the two venues (PC
room and sports hall) were situated close together, at a
distance of 500 meters only.
!
It was a pleasant experience that the “Micro Partner“
showed much understanding regarding the issue of
child-care services and immediately made play things and
facilities available. In the course of the program, the matter of child-care services did not turn out to be a major
problem, since an acquaintance of one of the course
participants came forward and offered to take over this
task as a volunteer. This was naturally
an ideal solution.
age. This turned out to be necessary, in particular during
Tip
Fitness – for the PC?! During the instruction course
the computer course where many PC units, cables and
You should also discuss the issue of child-
which was held once a week, the participants not only
sockets had to be operated. In contrast, the sports hall
care services in the course. Perhaps there is
learned to operate the mouse and the keyboard. The
had sufficient space and material to run the course for
a solution by asking a volunteer.
subjects of instruction also included the basics of PC op-
the women and their children, too.
I 91
Project of the Regional Sports Confederation Baden-Wuerttemberg e. V. (LSV)
GymMixandMummylearnsGerman
“The nationality and religious belief of the participants are important for the
–
en
om n the
“
i
”W
ive trict
Act n Dis
a
Urb
scheduling of the courses. We did not take into consideration that Ramadan and
TB Bad Cannstatt e. V.
school holidays coincided with the dates of our course. Otherwise, some of the
many Turkish participants would certainly have taken part in our program more
Emil-Kiemlen-Weg 51
regularly and more often.“
70376 Stuttgart
TB
Bad
Cannstatt
http://www.tbcannstatt.de
I ”Women – Active in the Urban District“
I Administration department for Integration Policy
Adm
de inist
Inte partm ration
gra ent
tion for
Pol
icy
Co
Network partner:
m
m
Ha uni
lls ty
ch Ce
la nt
g
er
Birgit Wiede-Renz
Birgit Wiede-Renz, Female Exercise Instructor, TB Bad Cannstatt
I Nachbarschaftstreff (community center)
Hallschlag
Gymix (mix of gymnastic exercises)
The Preparation
Networking par excellence: Getting into contact with
Additional offer:
the Nachbarschaftstreff Hallschlag was a full success.
“Mummy learns German”
The gymnasium had already been made available for
Ort:
Gymnasium of the Community Center
of Hallschlag
25 – 50 Years
the sport program in the forefront of the course. The
club TB Bad Cannstatt only needed to recruit a female
casions, up to four children, aged up to three years, were
about possibilities of school education and vocational
present during the lesson. Thus, it would have made
training, received assistance and contact addresses, were
sense to offer child-care service for this period.
acquainted with the variety of programs offered in the
urban quarter, and told how to make use of them.
The Summary
The gymnastics and language courses were held
The networking was excellent and helped to quickly
consecutively and took place in the gymnasium of the
organize the courses. As the gym was already available
Nachbarschaftstreff Hallschlag. The gym which had been
in the run-up to the course, the club only had to provide
made available free of charge for the whole time of
the female exercise instructor.
the course, was not accessible to public view from the
In principle, the time pressure on the women is very
outside. It was equipped with exercise material such as
high, due to their household work and child care. For
Pezzi balance balls for gymnastics, mats, weights etc.
this reason, they could not regularly keep the appointed
exercise instructor. To adapt the contents of the course
At the beginning, women of different nationalities par-
to the needs of the target group, on the occasion of a
ticipated in the course. However, little by little, more and
neighborhood meeting, the migrants were asked about
more Turkish women joined the group who had learned
their wishes regarding the course program and schedule.
about the program by word-of-mouth recommendation.
Once the summer holidays had started, the situation
The network project was introduced during the al-
changed, since many women went on a trip to Turkey.
ready established courses of “Mummy learns Ger-
An advertisement of the magazine “Impuls“ had drawn
man“. Furthermore, the monthly circular letter of the
the attention of some women of Russian origin on the
Nachbarschaftstreff and a monthly magazine in Russian
courses who increasingly participated during the summer
language published information on the project.
holidays. This year, the Muslim month of fasting Ram-
The Course Offered
92 I
language communication. Moreover, they were informed
disapproved of our offer to disentangle the schedule of
the course.
In case many Turkish women participate in the courses
offered, it should be avoided to organize the programs
during the summer holidays because trips to their respective country of origin will have priority. A collision with
the Muslim month of fasting Ramadan, should also be
prevented.
adan unfortunately started directly after the end of the
summer holidays. As a consequence, there were only one
!
dates of the lessons. On the other hand, the participants
And one - and two - and three - and four: Gymmix
to two women left to take part in the last two lessons. All
Tip
mixes exercises of aerobics, BOP ('Bums, Legs and
in all, a stable group did not come about. Each woman
When you offer courses for young women,
Tums'), stretching and relaxation. The “Mummy learns
participated on five dates, on an average. There is also
consider the possibility to provide child-care
German” course trained the participants in German
another issue which needs to be optimized: on some oc-
services.
I 93
From the Regional Sports Confederation Baden-Wuerttemberg e. V. (LSV)
AerobicsandWomen'sIssues
pro
familia
“We were particularly surprised that not a single girl had a hobby outside
school. Some hobby experience would certainly have been desirable, especially
TV 89 Zuffenhausen e. V.
in view of a rather training-intensive choreography.“
Fleiner Straße 76a
70437 Stuttgart
http://www.tv-89-zuffenhausen.de
School of Home
Economic
Zuffenhausen
TV 89
Zuffenhausen
Administration
department for
Integration Policy
Katharina Krell, Female Exercise Instructor TV 89 Zuffenhausen
Katharina Krell
The Summary
Network partner:
I Administration department for Integration Policy
Youth
Center
Zuffenhausen
I Youth Center Zuffenhausen
I pro familia
I School of Home Economics Zuffenhausen
Aerobics and Dancing
Additional offer:
The cooperation with the strongly committed teacher of
the girls could gather information at pro familia with
Home Economics functioned very smoothly. In particular,
regard to issues such as female role models, methods of
pro familia relieved the project leader from a part of her
contraception, sexually transmitted diseases, gynecolo-
workload regarding marketing, looking for facilities, and
gist, friendship, love and partnership, etc.
coordinating the additional part of the program.
The dates were directly agreed and fixed by pro familia
On the one hand, it was a great challenge for the girls
and the teacher of the School of Home Economics, who
to experience that dancing was not so easy, that you
accompanied her pupils to the additional part of the
had to exercise and repeat the dancing steps, once
course.
and again, and to stick to the art of dancing. The girls
Education on 'the facts of life'
which are relevant to women
finished, on three fixed dates of 4 teaching units each,
The Preparation
needed to be re-motivated and stimulated again to collaborate and to stay synchronized. On the other hand,
The search for suitable rooms took a long time. The
this was exactly the right kind of work to really bond the
School of Home Economics itself had hardly any opportu-
group together in the course of the program.
!
Venue:
To know with whom you work means to know how you
nities to accommodate the course, and the neighboring
Youth Center Zuffenhausen
work! The responsible person of the administration de-
The three boys of the school class complained that
sports halls were already occupied. Just shortly before the
partment for Integration Policy recommended to take up
there was only a course for girls and nothing was of-
starting date we received a positive answer of the Youth
contact with the School of Home Economics at Zuffen-
fered to them. As a consequence, the Youth Center
15 –18 Years
Center Zuffenhausen (situated at a distance of about 300
hausen, which had already be looking for a sport course
where the dancing course for girls took place, spon-
meters from the school) which would provide a room,
for the girls of a school class for a long time. During
taneously started to win the boys over for a boxing
free of charge, for a period of twelve weeks. The motiva-
joint planning talks they clarified how to cooperate: The
project organized by the Youth Center itself.
tion of the girls started at a high level but decreased after
TV 89 Zuffenhausen would work out the contents of
some time. The girls were often tired or complained of
a sport course to be held after the end of the autumn
abdominal pain, for which reasons they could not partici-
holidays, the teacher of home economics would take
pate. In some cases they lacked concentration and had
care of the girls' registration and the organization of the
to repeat the different steps frequently. It also happened
venues for the course.
that the choreography was already forgotten when the
The Course Offered
94 I
next lesson was due. At the same time, it quickly became
apparent that somewhat better dancers were under-
Tip
“Let’s dance“: After a first warming-up, some stretching
challenged. In order to motivate all girls alike, the good
Jointly take up all topics and ideas,
and short strengthening exercises, a Hip-Hop choreog-
dancers brought their dancing steps to more perfection
cooperation helps to be successful.
raphy was on the agenda. When the sport lessons were
and helped the somehow weaker dancers thereafter.
I 95
SwimmingontheHealthWave
”Sports facilities – in our case the swimming hall – should not be accessible to public
view from the outside. Even if the women did not pay attention to this circumstance
ÄGGF
after the first training lesson, banks of windows might be the reason for a lack of in-
TB Untertürkheim e. V.
Augsburger Straße 371
70372 Stuttgart
http://www.tb-untertuerkheim.de
terest in the course. Some talent of spontaneity and improvisation will help to build
Integ
ratio
Polic n
y
n
patio
ccu
ew O
N
TB
Untertürkheim
up a good visual protection, e.g. by using big cloths or sheets of paper.“
Julia Eitler, Female Exercise Instructor, TB Untertürkheim
The course met with enthusiastic approval of all partici-
second swimming period – unfortunately without success.
Julia Eitler / Katharina Krell
pants. The additional part, which offered health advice
Nevertheless, in order to satisfy the great demand, finally
and a computer course was also highly welcomed. It
a second swimming course was offered.
G
d
W orl
W
ird
I Administration department of Integration Policy
Th
Network partner:
D
ev
Po ci elo
ol ati pm
U on en
nt I t
er nd A
tü o ss
rk or ohe
im
I Development Association Indoor Pool
Untertürkheim
I ÄGGF (Medical Society for the Promotion
of Women's Health)
I “Neue Arbeit“ (new occupation)
I WG Third World
The Preparation
Sport for female migrants was nothing new in Untertürkheim. A predecessor project already existed, named
“Getting Girls and Women into Sport“ . It had been initiated by the Sports District of Stuttgart and the movement
was of practical value that the health counseling, which
took up topics, such as 'Menstruation Hygiene in Sport”,
The Summary
“Preventive Medical Check-Ups”, “Diet and Over-
The fact that a sport course had already existed in Un-
weight”, etc., was directly held in the reception area of
tertürkheim in the run-up of the project contributed to
the swimming hall. There was also a vivid participation
the enormously short time in which the course was fully
in the computer courses which were intended to make
booked out. Thanks to the good networking, it was not
the women familiar with PC work and the possibilities of
only possible to find the two female exercise instructors
communication by e-mail and via the internet.
but also the venues for the course, which facilitated a
“Jointly Experiencing Sport“. The TB Untertürkheim built
The swimming courses were held in the indoor pool
up the network project on that foundation. It kept the
Untertürkheim, a former public swimming hall. It has
basic idea and developed the contents of the program in
numerous changing rooms (even individual changing
close cooperation with the Working Group Third World
cubicles) and, towards the street, it is not open to public
(AGDW) and the Administration department of Integra-
view. However, towards the rear it has an extensively
tion Policy. Due to the existence of the preceding project
glazed facade, which means that the pool area can be
Venue:
and to the good networking, word got quickly around
overlooked from the club restaurant of the rowing club,
Indoor swimming pool Untertürkheim,
that in Untertürkheim there was another sport course
which is situated there. During the first four lessons, the
instruction rooms of “Neue Arbeit“
to be offered for female migrants – this time within the
women covered the windows with sheets of paper and
(computer course)
framework of the DOSB network project. Already one
placed swimming boards in front of them, thereafter,
hour later, all 60 (in succeeding courses even 70) seats
visual protection had stopped to be an issue.
were booked out, and a waiting list had to be drawn up.
16 –57 Years
The number of participants amounted to about 60 to
From the outset, the minimum age of participation had
70 and turned out to be on the borderline. Although,
been determined to be 16, which made the provision of
throughout the whole time, two female exercise instruc-
child-care services unnecessary.
tors were working – one as a supervisor, the other as the
Swimming, 'aquarobics'
Additional offer:
Health counseling (ÄGGF),
Computer course (“Neue Arbeit“)
A similar development like the one concerning visual
!
protection became apparent with regard to swimwear.
To start with, the women wore long T-shirts and leggins
which became soaked with water in the swimming pool.
The women rapidly noticed that it was much better to
swim when wearing a swimming suit. Some women
wore cycling shorts or a tight top on top of their swimming suit or bikini. None of them was willing to swim
in a Burkini (swimwear which covers the whole body)
although 70 % of them were Muslim women.
leader of the instruction course –, it was not possible to
Tip
give more individual assistance to the participants. Since
Leave it to the women to choose their
Swimming is fun, lots of fun, from the beginners course
many women asked for a different schedule of the course,
swimwear themselves, in accordance
to courses for advanced swimmers, and up to aquaro-
e.g. in the mornings or in the evenings, as well as for ad-
with the valid safety regulations.
bics with balls and boards and pool noodles.
ditional swimming times, we repeatedly tried to organize a
The Course Offered
96 I
smooth functioning.
I 97
FitforGymnastics&Co.
Youth
Welfare
Office
“At the beginning I almost felt as if I were in Turkey. All the women spoke Turkish
with each other and with me, too. This led to a situation where the two German
SKG Gablenberg 1884 e. V.
Lenninger Straße 8
70186 Stuttgart
http://www.skg-gablenberg.de
Ger
m
Red an
Cros
s
rten
erga
Kind rch
Chu
d
eilan
of H
SKG
Gablenberg
participants in the course got problems of understanding. We discussed this matter
and then agreed to use German as the language of the course.“
Canan Güneri, Female Exercise Instructor, SKG Gablenberg 1884
bl
i
O cH
ffi ea
ce lt
Pu
I Common Weal Work Stöckach
I Youth Welfare Office
al
We h
on kac
mm töc
Co rk S
Wo
Network partners:
h
Canan Güneri
I Public Health Office
I Kindergarten Church of Heiland
I German Red Cross
The Course Offered
The Summary
The gymnastics course always started with a light warm-
It turned out to be a good idea to hold the course in the
up training. The individual lessons focused on exercises
mornings. The facilities were well accessible. The Turkish
to strengthen the back, the pelvic floor and also arms
speaking exercise instructor managed to quite quickly
The Preparation
and legs. Small games and relaxation exercises allowed
gain the trust of the participants, most of whom were
Additional offer:
Due to the good contacts of the network partner
for fun and diversion, time and again. The additional
of Turkish origin. The linkage to a well-known organi-
Education of children,
Common Weal Work Stöckach with the Kindergarten
program, one part of which took place in the facilities
zation as well as the offer of child-care services, with
Healthy Eating – Better Learning
Heilandskirche, we were allowed to use the church hall
of the network partner Common Weal Work Stöckach
the help of the kindergarten, substantially contributed
Gymnastics
!
of the Heilandskirche, free of charge. The room was very
and the other part on the occasion of parents' evenings
to the good response on the course offered. It clearly
Ort:
large and bright, situated directly next to the kinder-
of the kindergarten, focused on subject-matters such
showed the importance of good networking for the suc-
Church hall Heilandskirche
garten and very well accessible for the participants. The
as child education and the connection between eating
cess of a project. Directly after, the club and the church
organization of the venue was certainly favored by the
good food and successful learning results. Many women
Heilandskirche organized two more courses together.
fact that most of the women who participated in the
brought their children to the gymnastics lesson. For the
gymnastics course had registered their children in the
children who were too young to attend the kindergar-
kindergarten of the Heilandskirche.
ten, we organized child-care services with the help of
37– 47 Years
the network partner.
The club and the network partner used a first meeting
to determine the sport course and the additional part
of the program, as well as the general conditions. It
started with a trial lesson, which had been advertised by
Common Weal Work Stöckach among the migrants with
As for the period, when the church hall was available,
the club could not provide for a female exercise instructor, the German Red Cross helped by making a female
Tip
exercise instructor and some sport material available. It
The question of language should be tackled
The trial lesson and the subsequent course were very
was even allowed to store the material in the church hall
straight forward; most of the course partici-
well attended from the very beginning.
throughout the whole duration of the course.
pants would like to learn German
whom contacts were already existing.
98 I
I 99
I S portsYouth(SJB)intheRegional
SportsConfederationBerline.V.
The Sports Youth Berlin has directed its fields of action to specific target groups
and set priorities, according to social and youth-political needs. The social work
aims at supporting the social integration and promotion of disadvantaged children
and young people by means of a sports youth network which is Berlin-wide. Prevention and intervention in socially highly stressed city quarters and difficult social
environments are in the foreground.
Tobias Dollase
Chairman of the Sports Youth Berlin
“Integration in and through sport is a permanent social task of manifold facets. Sport
offers differing population groups a wide range of possibilities to meet other people, to
get social recognition and to care for one's health. Moreover, it promotes the cohesion of
our society in an unusual way. In spite of a rather positive result concerning their quota
of integration in organized sport and in the sports clubs of Berlin, girls and women with a
migratory background still belong to the most underrepresented group in organized sport.
This fact was, among others, decisive for the Sports Youth Berlin to participate in the implementation of the network
project 'Physical Activity and Health – Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports'. The results of the network project
and the strategic steps of implementation that can be derived, will change the work concept of organized sport in
Berlin in view of future activities for the integration of girls and women with a migratory background in order to overcome existing deficits.”
100 I
I 101
Project of the Sports Youth (SJB) in the
Regional Sports Confederation Berlin e. V.
FromtheMatontheStage
KarlWeise
School
“When we were asked to cooperate in the network project, we mainly wanted
to make more people enthusiastic about our club. However, the project work
Erster Berliner Judo Club e. V.
has added another factor: the acceptance of this kind of project work has es-
c/o Barbara Westphal
sentially grown on the part of our club members.“
Pintschallee 10b
12347 Berlin
htt://www.ebjc.de
Equal Opportunities Commissioner
Neukölln
Erster Berliner
Judo Club
Migration
Commissioner
Neukölln
Barbara Westphal, Board Member, Erster Berliner Judo Club
Lea Folkerts
Network partner:
Youth
Migration
Service
I Migration Commissioner of the District
Berlin-Neukölln
I Equal Opportunities Commissioner of
the District Berlin-Neukölln
I Youth Migration Service
I Karl-Weise School
Judo
Additional offer:
Playing theater on the subject
“Healthy Nutrition”
The Preparation
To have won the Karl-Weise School as a partner was a
huge piece of luck for the network project. In this way it
was possible to approach the girls directly in their school
and day-care facility. The project was personally intro-
girls of the third school grade
duced at school. Interested participants subsequently
registered on the list, which the coordinator had made
available for course registration.
The additional part of the course dealt with the subject
Beyond its performance at their own school, the theater
“Healthy Nutrition”. In order to play theater, creative-
group managed to perform in the neighborhood and
ness on the part of our participants was sought after. As
within the range of the network project. The good col-
a first step, we had to develop the tasks of the actors in
laboration of the cooperation partners resulted in the
the theater play, as a further step, the girls wrote down
fact that performing theater plays was an interesting
their ideas of the plot. Naturally the theater play was
and, for the target group, highly motivating means of
also performed on stage, in the end. And all participat-
promoting language skills and, as such, quickly became
ing persons had visibly a lot of fun.
a role model for other stakeholders of social youth work.
The club is very satisfied with the results of the network
The strong network built the basis of further joint projects.
project. The existing cooperation with the school was
The combination of sporting activities with an additional
further consolidated. With the help of strong network
part was so well accepted that the theater project was
partners, the club was able to make its courses better
extended from the performance at the Karl-Weise School
known among the stakeholders in the neighborhood.
to other performances in the district of Berlin-Neukölln as
well as within the framework of the network.
The Summary
The girls greatly enjoyed their participation in the course
programs.
102 I
!
The Course Offered
The support by and cooperation with the Karl-Weise
The project course of Judo did not only consist of sport-
School were excellent. Together with the school direc-
ing activities. Naturally, there were also physical activity
tion, we are already making new plans for other joint
games, exercises and simple technical judo skills high
projects in future. The sport course will be continued
on the agenda of the course. Furthermore, conveying
as a working group on sports during the coming school
Tip
the values of judo and strengthening social skills were
year. This WG will aim at preparing the girls for the first
Links of cooperation with schools
important “accessory parts” that enthused the girls as
belt examination - and at winning their interest in con-
make it easier to find (female) partici-
much as the initiators.
tinuing their sporting activities in the club.
pants and sports halls.
I 103
StreetDanceandNutrition
A
SOJ
Grupo Menino do Curuzu e. V.
c/o Brigitta Bremme
Warschauer Straße 66
Grupo
Menino
do
Curuzu
10243 Berlin
Network partner:
I Recreation Center for Senior Citizens
I SOJA – Sport-Oriented Youth Work
B
You BC
th C
lub
R
fo ecre
Fa r Se ati
lk ni on
en or C
st C en
ei iti t
ne ze er
r S ns
tr.
Liliana Bremme
“At first I was very surprised: the girls of the youth club
were much younger than between 12 and 16 years (as expected).
We were very keen to see whether Street Dance was appealing to them,
at all. It did, for sure. The girls took part, giving their best, not only during
the training but also during the dancing audition thereafter. They also showed
I BBC Youth Club
a lot of enthusiasm at cooking.“
Liliana Bremme, Female Exercise Instructor Grupo Menino de Curuzu
Streetdance
Additional offer:
Health and Education counseling
”Probier mal, wie das schmeckt!“
(Try how – good – this tastes)
8 –10 Years
The Summary
The Preparation
Actually, the concept of the course was intended to
Besides actively studying the dancing steps, the girls
The participating girls enjoyed dancing very much and
address girls of 12 to 14 years of age. However, in
were taught theoretical knowledge of the origin of
had a lot of fun. The training of dancing was a means
spring this year, the customers of the BBC Youth Club
the individual dancing styles, with the aim to jointly
for the female coach to successfully stimulate the girls
had changed, and the courses had to be adapted to the
work out a short choreography. The additional part
to enjoy physical activity. At the same time, the girls
needs of girls between eight and ten years of age. A di-
offered was dedicated to the slogan “Probier mal, wie
were strengthened in terms of self-confidence and self-
rect and personal approach to the girls at the BBC Youth
das schmeckt!“ (Try how -good – this tastes). The talks
assurance.
Club made it possible to compose a group, quickly and
with the girls were intended to jointly clarify what was
without major advertising efforts.
healthy food, why it was healthy and how to cook
healthy food. The Youth Club representative explained,
The Course Offered
In times of TV shows such as (in Germany) DSDS,
Popstars, Supertalent etc., many girls dream to be able
to dance like their stars. Thus, the course of “Street
104 I
in a child-appropriate way, vitamins, different nutrients
and the importance of the same.
Dance“ matched perfectly with the modern times - and
One of the highlights of the course was the joint cook-
the target group. The girls had the opportunity to learn
ing. Recipes were handed out to the girls, which they
Tip
steps and combinations taken from the dancing styles
could try to cook at home later on. The practical link
A strong motto creates curiosity:
Street Dance, Hip-Hop, Latin, Crumping, Popping and
with the theory of the additional part was highly ap-
„Probier mal, wie das schmeckt!“
Jump Style.
preciated.
(Try how – good – this tastes)
!
I 105
Health-OrientedFitnessTraining
“It was really great to experience that the course participants really grew togeArk
ther as a genuine team. Their motivation went far beyond sports. They had many
asu
important talks with us and their own group members, as well. It was a tangible
Seitenwechsel e. V. ('changing sides')
fact that their self-assurance was growing from one week to the next, and this
Gneisenaustraße 2a
was a great feeling for us, too.“
10961 Berlin
http://www.seitenwechsel-berlin.de
Seitenwechsel
Silvana Bosso
The two additional program parts aimed at promoting
the focus of attention. In order to find out what the
information, motivation and competence, thus support-
participants were most inclined to do, we integrated
ing the willingness of the participants to take initiatives
elements of motion as well as more relaxing elements in
of their own and to assume responsibility for taking care
the program.
of their own body.
The Preparation
A counseling on health issues took place in parallel. Prior
In order to really reach the target group – in this case
The network project was initiated for the mothers of
to the start of the additional part of the program, the
a majority of Turkish course participants – it is recom-
those girls who played basketball in the club. As the
women had expressed their wish to receive a counseling
mended to choose a female exercise instructor of Turkish
mothers used to sit on the terraces during the training
on education, which we fulfilled by offering additional
origin, if possible.
hours of their daughters, anyway, the fitness course
teaching units on education in the additional program.
ile
Ha
nication. Trying out the individual possibilities was in
He
I E.-O. Plauen Elementary School
I Arkasu
I HeileHaus
E.-O
Ele . Plau
me
en
Sch ntary
ool
us
Silvana Bosso, Trainer, Association 'Seitenwechsel'
Fitness
Additional offer:
Health and education counseling
25– 40 Years
offered them health and education counseling, as an
alternative to just waiting.
The potential interests of the group of mothers were
identified on the basis of a questionnaire. In that way,
the women were able to co-determine the contents of
the course before it started. They were most interested
in fitness and health/aerobic programs.
part of the course is a perfect possibility to campaign
The summer holidays and Ramadan resulted in long
environment. The participating women use the op-
interruptions of the program. The course participants
were all Turkish women, except the course leader. This
did not cause any problem for this course, but it might
lead to linguistic communication problems in the case of
other courses. To find a solution, it might be suitable to
qualify a women of the group of participants to work as
an advantage that the participants of the course were
an exercise instructor.
activities. Consequently, the course could quickly start
The Summary
with a constant number of participants.
The group was very vivid, the women highly enjoyed
The Course Offered
106 I
With regard to the approach to the participants, it was
mothers of girls who were already involved in training
In summary, we can state the following: The additional
playing sports games together and showed a very strong
!
for one's own course plan and program in a different
portunity to find their specific, personally most favored
course within the sport and health network, to take
part in the respective program and to recommend it to
other women.
motivation. This was certainly one reason why the learn-
Tip
The course was organized in parallel with the basketball
ing atmosphere was so relaxed and open-minded. The
Please make sure that you consider
training of the children. For a period of ten weeks the
participants also used the course to exchange views and
Ramadan and annual holidays in the
women were offered to participate in a health-oriented
to discuss topics of individual concern. However, this
planning of your course.
fitness training, combined with elements of commu-
was partly interfering with the exercise teaching process.
I 107
Self-DefenseHasaStakeintheFuture
“Regarding the participants we came to the following conclusion: In this age
group, sport is not able to really prevail over already existing or parallel pro-
Fischer
Foundation
No Style Combat e. V.
cesses of socialization. Good links of cooperation and networking with other
structures are important to achieve a genuinely sustainable impact of the
Grünberger Straße 73
positive values of sport.“
10245 Berlin
Susanne Diemer, Chaiwoman, No Style Combat
http://www.no-style-combat.org
Ines Strobel
Migration
Commissioner
Neukölln
No Style
Combat
MartaHara
Network partner:
I Migration Commissioner of the Neukölln District
Rütli
School
I MartaHara
I Fischer Foundation
I Rütli School
The additional part was organized by our coopera-
However, during the course, an experience of long
tion partner Marta-Hara. It offered a workshop named
years of training practice in this field proved to be true:
'Future' to take up the question “What do we need to
Culture-related notions and standards become a “move-
be strong?”, thus, dealing with issues related to social
ment barrier“ for girls, if they consider these notions
competence (soft skills) in detail.
and standards to be part of their identity. The course
The self-defense course took place during school hours.
The Workshop 'Future' was also implemented on the
Self-defense and self-assertion
spot, i.e. at the school.
Additional offer:
The Preparation
demonstrated that you are even less successful in using
curiosity and the desire for moving in the development
of self-assured personalities of adolescents than in the
case of children.
“No Style Combat“ is a small sports club which has
The experience concerning a similar course, which
specialized in martial arts and is very open-minded to
Although the girls were very curious in the beginning
“No Style Combat“ had organized for girls, within the
Ort:
integrative projects. The course leader introduced the
and had a lot of fun when they tried the exercises of
network project and in cooperation with another school,
Sports hall of the Rütli School
network project during PE lessons at the Rütli School
falling, quite soon the desire to frolic and move collided
turned out to be completely different: In that case, the
and announced it as a project which would be imple-
with the self-perception of the girls. Along the lines of
sport teaching units of self-defense were the 'dynamo'
mented on schooldays (remark: the course was not held
their future image as a woman. Many of them felt that
because children, at the age of seven to eleven years,
12–16 Years
during the regular hours of physical education but as an
physical strain was “unfeminine“ and explained that “at
still have an enormous physical need to burn off all their
additional offer, which took place during the first two
home” it was not customary to do sports. In the light
excess kinetic energy and are therefore open to the
teaching blocks in the mornings).The Rütli School has
of this lack of exercise, the majority of the participants
contents of such a course.
become known country-wide as a problem school which
showed deficits in terms of sport and motor skills. The
faces manifold social conflicts.
exercise instructor responded to this situation by re-
Workshop 'Future' – Social Responsibility
The Course Offered
The training program was specifically devised for schools
108 I
shaping the sport course accordingly, as a low-threshold
program.
!
of high migration rates. It aims at implementing physical
The Summary
activity programs for girls, which meet the needs and
The Rütli School turned out to be a good partner for a
Tip
pretensions of the girls and expand their sphere of activ-
sport course designed for young female migrants. The
Cultural notions and standards should be
ity. The course is based on self-defense of girls and is in-
sports club, on its part, prepared an optimal program by
taken into consideration when devising
tended to create a learning atmosphere which enhances
offering a training course which was specifically de-
courses for young women.
conflict handling skills, mutual recognition and respect.
signed for schools of high migration rates.
I 109
I T heNationalProgram
“IntegrationthroughSport“
The national program “Integration through Sport“ is sponsored by the German
Ministry of the Interior (BMI), on the basis of the resolution of the German Bundestag (national parliament), and by the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees
(BAMF). It considers immigration as an enrichment of the German sports movement.
The variety and specific expressions of differing cultures are not seen as a contrast
but a mutual complement and, therefore, a gain for everyone. This also means that
we must recognize the complexity of our society and promote the potentials which
are reflected in the experience and competences of persons with a migratory background, in view of creating a common space to shape the future.
Walter Schneeloch
Vice-President, responsible for Sport for All,
German Olympic Sports Confederation
“By launching the program 'Integration through Sport‘, our sports organizations built
a solid foundation and produced many well functioning examples of good practice. It
is imperative now to further expand and enforce the program in order to live up to our
growing responsibility.“
110 I
I 111
TheNationalProgram“IntegrationthroughSport“
Our activities in the network project “Physical Activity and Health - Motivating more Female Mi-
The program helps the 'support point' clubs, making avail-
grants for Sports“ are founded on a basic concept of integration which was developed in the pro-
able material and financial funds or helping in an idealistic
gram, sponsored by the Federation (federal government). This concept of integration, as illustrated
way, e.g. by advising and supporting them with regard to
in this brochure, is another important step forward towards the understanding of the project work.
velopment
I Attracting new cooperation partners (especially by ad-
the development of a concept. Financial funds for 'sup-
dressing organizations of migrants), as well as building
port point' clubs, which are normally granted as a start-up
up and cultivating networks
financing and limited to a period of five years, have to meet
the conditions laid down in the respective regulations for
The structure of the program
sports in view of their sporting, personal and social de-
I Conveying information on the program and the integration work of organized sport.
financial support (available at the competent federal-state
An advanced training course, which is specially designed
coordinating center).
for the program and implemented in a variable and
scientific findings, as well as documentation, network-
Sports clubs which have an apparent need of integration,
need-oriented way in order to qualify volunteers for the
or female coordinators of the federal states and male or
ing and multiplication of experience and findings derived
due to the structure of their social environment (e.g. higher
program, covers the development and advancement of
female regional coordinators implement it, on their own
from the program activities, transfer of federal grants to
percentage of the target group in the club or in the neigh-
the necessary sport-technical, pedagogical and social skills
responsibility, and locally support the integration work
the federal-state coordinating centers, acquisition of third
borhood of the club than on an average), or which want to
as well as intercultural competencies. This is to guarantee
of the sports clubs, network partners and volunteers at
party funds to extend the program activities, as well as
receive help for their integrative engagement, may turn to
a qualified assistance and integration work by the volun-
grass-root level with respect to the concepts, the planning
communication and presentation of the program to inter-
the competent federal-state coordinating center for support.
teers in the program.
and organization.
nal and external stakeholders.
I Volunteers
I Networks
The Federal Ministry of the Interior (BMI) and the Federal
I Federal-state and regional coordinating centers
The program “Integration through Sport“ works on the
Networks are an important part of the program structure
basis of voluntary commitment, which also applies to
and a necessary precondition of comprehensive integra-
organized sport in Germany, in general. To work with vol-
tion work. They concentrate resources, offer possibilities
unteers is an important prerequisite in view of a successful
of exchange of experience and information among the
and continuous implementation of integrative activities at
network partners and help to develop new common ideas
grass-root level.
(e.g. in form of cooperation projects). Systematic links
conditions. They offer advice and help local sports clubs,
There are manifold job assignments and fields of activity
of cooperation with partners within and outside sport
networks and project initiatives to develop and implement
for volunteers in the program "Integration through Sport".
are useful for disseminating sport and physical activity
sport-related integration concepts. They offer financial
They may work as exercise instructors or persons in charge
programs; moreover they allow for the organization of
support, activate, take care of and coordinate the great
of operating a “Sportmobil” (motorcar equipped with
target-group-specific additional program parts and sup-
number of volunteers at grass-root level. They contribute
diverse material, devices, implements for sports and games,
port services to be offered by other network partners.
to the establishment and cultivation of networks and are
to offer physical activities on the spot, in socially disadvan-
Among the network partners there are sports organiza-
also responsible for the development and implementation
taged areas or for special target groups, etc.). They may
tions, public authorities (e.g. police, social assistance
of qualification courses, within the framework of a proc-
also serve as contact persons in the clubs, network coordi-
office, sports office), educational institutions (e.g. school,
ess of intercultural opening, as well as for public relations
nators, multipliers or integration commissioners. Thus, the
kindergarten) and social service institutions (e.g. welfare
of the individual programs at federal state level.
range of tasks of volunteers is quite diversified and covers
organizations, the churches), etc..
sport-practical and/or organizational activities, depending
In the future it will be imperative to involve organizations
on the kind of assignment, for example:
of migrants in the network structures of the program, in
I Implementing periodical or mobile programs of sports and
a growing and more systematical way than before. They
At the federal (national) level, the program “Integration
the project concept, continuous up-dates of the project
through Sport“ is linked with the German Olympic Sports
work, based on new social and political developments or
Confederation. At regional levels, the respective male
Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF) accompany the
program, in their capacity as sponsors and partners, helping to achieve a process of program optimization.
Federal coordinating center
The federal coordination system is integrated in the
German Olympic Sports Confederation and in charge of
the control, monitoring and overall coordination of the
program. This allows for a uniform orientation of the
16 programs at federal state levels, taking into account
federal-state-specific circumstances and needs. The
central tasks of the federal coordinating center include:
counseling and assistance to the coordinating centers at
federal state level with regard to the implementation of
BMI /
BAMF*
Federal
coordinating
center (DOSB)
Federal-state
coordinating centers
(LSB/LSJ)
Regional coordinating centers
In the different Federal States, the Federal-state and regional coordinating centers are linked with the competent
Regional Sports Confederations (LSB) or, respectively, the
Regional Sports Youths (LSJ) and implement the program
at regional levels, on the basis of federal-state specific
I 'Support point' clubs
The structure of the program provides for so-called 'support point' clubs which are sports clubs that engage in
112 I
are in contact with the target groups and know the needs
I Inspiring the target groups to do sports and transferring
of those groups. This is important for the implementation
through Sport'. They have a central importance for the
the same to the structures of organized sport (recruiting
of the program work. Close cooperation with clubs of the
implementation of the program because they guarantee
new club members)
migrants (e.g. sports clubs, culture-related clubs, religious
a regular, long-term and continuous local work, creat'Support Point' Clubs / Municipal Sports Confederations/
District Sports Confederations,
Sport Districts / Networks / Volunteers
physical activity
integration activities, based on the program 'Integration
ing and developing integration structures which include
organized sport.
*BMI = Federal Ministry of the Interior,
BAMF = Federal Office of Migration and Refugees
I Planning and implementing non-sporting club activities
as well as support services for the target groups
I Guiding, counseling and attending the persons who do
associations, etc.) increase the possibilities to get access
to male and female migrants and to win them over for
participation in the program.
I 113
I " IntegrationthroughSport"implementedbythe
federal-statecoordinatingcenters
The federal (national) program is mainly directed to persons with a migratory
background. The male and female coordinators at federal state level play an active
role with regard to the process of integration in and through sport. Their 'support
point' clubs are of central importance for the integration work, because they are
the ones to guarantee a regular, long-term and continuous work in the field and
facilitate structures of integration that involve sport. With a focus on local empowerment, the program initiates and develops network-oriented overall concepts
which are adapted to local needs. Some of these projects will be illustrated in the
following.
114 I
I 115
Hamburg Sports Confederation e. V. (HSB)
GymnasticsforWomenandKids
Hamburg Sports Confederation e. V.
“Our aim to build bridges by means of social intercourse did not only work out
Haus des Sports
for the female migrants. The cooperation between the regional coordinator and
Schäferkampsallee 1
'support point' clubs led to new possibilities of collaboration, as well. On this
20357 Hamburg
foundation, the bridge towards a successful common future can be built much
http://www.hamburger-sportbund.de
easier now and, above all, in a very stable manner.“
Female coordinator at federal state level:
Kristjana Krawinkel
City district
facilities/
institutions
I 'Support point' clubs,
Hamburg
Sports
Confederation
(HSB)
Kristjana Krawinkel, Regional Coordinator, Sports Confederation of Hamburg
'Support point'
clubs
e.g. SV Nettelnburg / Allermöhe of 1930
The Course Offered
FTSV Lorbeer-Rothenburgsort of 1896
I City district facilities/institutions,
The gymnastics courses were held in the mornings
The courses were very successful. The women were
e.g. Center for Children and Families Lohbrügge,
when the children were at school. Smaller children
motivated for their participation in the physical activ-
Parents' School Rothenburgsort
could be taken to the course because child-care services
ity programs, which became increasingly popular. The
had been offered as an integral part of the course.
child-care service made it possible for the mothers to be
Rounds of talks took place after the end of each course
active in sports, in spite of bringing their children. The
appointment which offered the women an opportunity
rounds of talks, held after the course appointments,
to exchange views, to learn the German language and
enabled the women to establish new social contacts and
to make friends.
to intensify existing relations.
Gymnastics
Additional offer:
Child-care service
Young mothers
The Preparation
A total number of three courses of “Gymnastics for
To give an example of promising network activities: the
Women“ were offered in several city districts of Ham-
burg. As a rule, the courses took place in close coop-
The close cooperation with the 'support point' clubs,
the FTSV Lorbeer under its own responsibility and is con-
eration with a sports club in the urban district and a
such as the SV Nettelnburg/Allermöhe, and the city
tinued jointly with the Parents' School Rothenburgsort.
city district institution, such as the Center for Children
district institutions, such as the Center for Children and
and Families Lohbrügge or the Parents' School Rothen-
Families Lohbrügge, which could make an excellent local
burgsort.
network available, turned our to be specially beneficial.
gymnastics course in Rothenburgsort was taken over by
The Summary
The overall assistance and counseling by the female exercise instructor motivated the participants for constant
sporting activities in the neighboring sports clubs and
The sponsors of the program “Integration through Sport” in Hamburg are:
integrated them in the regular club work.
Tip
!
Pooling your resources with others will make
your stronger to showcase your activities.
All projects were sponsored on the basis of the program "Integration through Sport".
116 I
I 117
InternationalWomen'sSportGroup
E. S. V. Grün-Weiß Hamburg e. V.
Julius-Vosseler-Straße 195
22527 Hamburg
http://www.gweimsbuettel.de
Female project coordinator:
Ilse Stephan
E. S. V.
Grün-Weiß
Hamburg
I City district office Lenz
Hamburg
Sports
Confederation
(HSB)
City district
office Lenz
Apparatus training/gymnastics
“From the very beginning, we had the feeling that this course respon-
Women of all age groups
ded to the wish of women, some of whom had already become acquainted
The Preparation
After the end of the project “Eating and Moving –
international, beneficial/low-priced and healthy“, some
participants of the Lenz district expressed their wish for
with one another in the project 'Eating and Moving'. There was a strong feeling
of togetherness in the group and, consequently, the women participated in the
program in an active and self-confident manner.“
Ilse Stephan, Female Project Coordinator, E. S. V. Grün-Weiß Hamburg
a continuation course on physical activity.
The Course Offered
Regarding the physiological aspects, the exercises
Throughout the entire course the participants had a
Women's Sport Group“ a diversified training course
focused on enhancing coordination and mobilization,
lot of fun in practicing physical activity. Moreover, the
was offered to women with hip, knee or back pains and
improving motor skills, strengthening endurance and
reduction of pains, social cooperation and participation,
problems of overweight, in which varied small sports
the muscular apparatus. They were carried out alone, in
the integration in club structures and a lasting associa-
implements were utilized.
pairs or together with the group.
tion to the sports club were results of the program,
which highly satisfied all parties involved: the regional
coordinators, the sports clubs and the female migrants.
The combination of knowledge imparted on healthy nutrition and sporting activities motivated the participants
to adopt personal responsibility and strengthened their
self-confidence.
The Summary
118 I
!
Within In the framework of the program “International
The course facilitated the acquaintance with the subject
Tip
of “health-promoting physical activity”, thus opening a
Take up the wishes of the women and, on
steady access to the target group.
this basis, develop new programs for them.
I 119
EatingandMoving
Hamburg Sports Confederation e. V.
Haus des Sports
Schäferkampsallee 1
20357 Hamburg
“In 2008 the HSB had already launched a project on 'Eating and Moving', based
p'Su
t
por '
nt
poi s
club
on the enhancement of the integration of persons with a migratory backgro ,
and extended it further more in the following years because of its continuous
popularity. The existing contacts were highly beneficial for us with a view to
http://www.hamburger-sportbund.de
the recruitment of the female participants. We had hardly looked out for them,
Female regional coordinator:
Hamburg
Sports
Confederation
(HSB)
Kristjana Krawinkel
I Center for Nutritional Advice
I City District Institutions,
e.g. Parents' School and Citizens' Initiatives
I (support point) clubs,
e.g. E. S. V. Grün-Weiß Hamburg
Kristjana Krawinkel, Female Regional Coordinator, Hamburg Sports Confederation
City
Inst Distric
t
itut
ion
s
C
Nu ent
t e
Ad ritio r fo
vi na r
ce l
when our courses were already fully booked.“
SC Vorwärts Wacker of 1904
Altonaer Turnverband of 1845
SV Eidelstedt of 1880
Bramfelder SV of 1945
TC Wilhelmsburg of 1909
The Preparation
Harburger Turnerbund of 1865
The project was initiated by the HSB and devised in
Physical activity
cooperation with the Center for Nutritional Advice. The
networking of the different city district institutions, such
as the Parents' School and Citizens' Initiatives, and the
The Course Offered
The Summary
The course combined teaching units of nutritional
This course was a tool to train the awareness of the
advice (joint and healthy cooking by persons of different
participants with regard to a healthy diet and physical
nationalities) and physical activity teaching units, which
activity. Above all, the women were highly enthused by
were coordinated with each other and tailor-made for
the offer to cook together.
each target group.
The concept, which had concentrated on the nutritional
!
teaching units, was followed by an extension concept
The subject of nutrition offered a good opportunity to
The project stood out due to a low threshold access: we
By gradually increasing the motivation of the women to
find an access to the female migrants outside sport.
came for the participants at the places where they used
get involved in sporting physical activity, we were able to
This is an advantage because nutrition is linked to the
Adult women
to meet regularly. From the outset, the participants were
reach our aim in a very good way.
tradition of the target group. It was nice to observe a
involved in the conceptual design of the course and
growing mutual understanding among the participants
jointly determined the key aspects of the program.
in the course of the program.
Additional offer:
Healthy Diet
sports club of the urban district proved to be beneficial.
with a stronger focus on the parts of physical activity.
Tip
The subject of nutrition is linked to the
traditions of many female migrants and is
a door-opener!
120 I
I 121
Regional Sports Confederation of Lower Saxony e. V. (LSB-Niedersachsen)
GymnasticsforWomenfromallPartsoftheWorld
SV Vorwärts Nordhorn e. V.
(sports club)
“NiKo“
Immenweg 93
48531 Nordhorn
http://www.vorwaertsnordhorn.de
Female exercise instructor / consultant:
Anke Moorweßel
Network partner:
Equal
Opportunities
Commissioner
Regional
Sports Confed.
Lower Saxony
SV Vorwärts
Nordhorn
of Nordhorn City
Elementary
School
Altendorf
I Elementary School “Altendorfer Schule“
Nordhorn
I Lower Saxony Project of Cooperation
The Preparation
Gymnastics for Women from all Parts of the World
In 2007 and 2008, the program of the government of
Computer training course, healthy breakfast,
First aid (urgent measures), dealing with authorities
20 – 62 Years
us that our efforts, which sometime seemed to exceed our capacity, were really
Anke Moorweßel, Female Exercise Instructor, SV Vorwärts Nordhorn
the federal state “Lower Saxony Project of Cooperation
It was conceived as a low threshold approach because
the World” has become well-known country-wide, with
and Education“ (NiKo) offered, among others, a Parents'
many participants had never done sports before in their
the help of the media such as the press media and the
Café for mothers at two elementary schools. Based on
lives.
internet, and also due to the fact that it was awarded
this offer, the women and mothers repeatedly expressed
their wish to practice sports together.
The additional part offered the women an opportunity
to get informed about topics of key importance to
Thus, with financial support by the Regional Sports
them. This could apply to handling a computer, pre-
Confederation of Lower Saxony, the club SV Vorwärts
paring a healthy breakfast or dealing with authorities,
Nordhorn initiated the course “Gymnastics for Women
which is much easier to do together.
from all Parts of the World”.
Sport became a first contact point. Meanwhile, further
leader. Furthermore, handouts were displayed at shops,
extension projects were developed, such as cooking
kindergartens and elementary schools. From the outset,
courses, joint biking events, city tours and German
the program was very well received.
language courses, which the female migrants are highly
pleased to take part in.
!
the prize “Stars of Sport”. Moreover, the group presented itself in public at the Gymnastics Festival of Lower
Saxony and on the occasion of an event organized by
the Ministry of Social Affairs, Family, Public Health and
Integration of the Federal State of Lower Saxony.
The women were personally invited by the female course
The Course Offered
122 I
not only during the course itself. After all, the very positive feedback shows
worthwhile.“
and Education (“NiKo“)
Additional offer:
“We were quite surprised by the significant response from all sides –
Tip
Once a week participants of the most different countries
The Summary
of origin met to do some physical exercise together, with
The gymnastics group has existed for two years now
cipants is a basic condition for the conceptual
high spirits and a lot of fun. The sporting offer included
and is continuously growing in membership. Meanwhile,
development of the sports course and the
a comprehensive training of physical activity.
the group “Gymnastics for Women from all parts of
additional parts of the program.
Taking into account the interest of the parti-
I 123
Regional Sports Confederation of Lower Saxony e. V. (LSB-Niedersachsen)
GymnasticsforFemaleBeginners
SV Gehrden of 1900 e. V.
Lange-Feld-Straße 17
30989 Gehrden
“The sporting experience of the women was practically null. We had to start
http://www.sv-gehrden.de
from the beginning and in a very cautious way. I had explicitly allowed the wo-
men to wear a Muslim headscarf or
Petra Dobiasch
tunic, because clothing should not play a role. I actually wanted to know the
Network partner:
I Adult Education Center “Calenberger Land“
Adult Education
Center “Calenberger Land“
Regional
Sports Confed.
Lower Saxony
SV Gehrden
of 1900
women, and they should feel at ease. After the end of the trial course, factually
all women decided to go on.”
Petra Dobiasch, Female Exercise Instructor, SV Gehrden
20 –50 Years
The Course Offered
The trial course, which was devised as a low threshold
Following the trial course, a start-up financing by the
approach, concentrated on exercises to train posture
Regional Sports Confederation of Lower Saxony, with
and physical activity. We played oriental music for warm-
a high-publicity effect, made it possible to establish a
ing up, which was highly appreciated and helped to
permanent, new sport program in the club, specifically
leave the initial uncertainty expeditiously behind.
devised for female migrants. Within the course of one
The trial course was devised for a two-month duration.
The Preparation
In the past, the sports club SV Gehrden had not explic-
Once the participants had heard the explanations regard-
itly dealt with the topic of integration and, at first, it did
ing the whole purpose of a club membership, most of the
not see any need to devise a specific sports course for
women became members – and still are, by the way.
female migrants. Notwithstanding, the female exercise
membership.
After the women had become members of the club,
they were increasingly interested in making use of a
!
second course appointment per week. In this context,
it was an advantage that the female exercise instructor
was already holding a course on “Posture and Physical
instructor who was very interested in the way of living
The mutual approach among the women also happened
Activity” for women, which allowed the female migrants
of female migrants at local level, wanted to develop a
very cautiously. The language barrier turned out to be
to get immediately involved.
gymnastics course particularly for this target group. For
the biggest obstacle to overcome in view of interper-
this purpose, she took contact with the Adult Education
sonal relationships and communication.
Center “Calenberger Land“.
124 I
year, most of the participants had registered for full club
The Summary
They jointly devised a low-budget trial course specifically
The understanding, which the female exercise instruc-
for Muslim women, which was advertised at the Adult
tor showed for the customs and traditions of the female
Education Center. The first lessons took place on the
migrants, was an essential condition for the success
premises of the Adult Education Center. Consecutively,
of the course, in particular, the open-minded handling
the SV Gehrden made its sports hall available. Unfor-
of the question of clothing provided a solid basis for a
tunately, the first course failed because of the begin-
trustful cooperation. It was also highly appreciated that
Tip
ning of Ramadan, while a second trial course was very
the female exercise instructor took enough time for the
A trial course is a good general rehearsal.
well received by the women. The younger women even
women and also for her own experience gained in the
First “mistakes” can still be corrected.
brought along their mothers to the training.
course (key word: Ramadan).
I 125
Sports Confederation for the Federal State of Saarland e. V. (LSVS)
TaiBo,BodyPumping,PreventiveBackPain
TrainingandMusicDancefor60+Agers
Sports Confederation for the Federal State of Saarland e. V. (LSVS)
RhythmicSportGymnasticsforAllGirls
Recreational Sports
Club Spartakus e. V.
Women's Sport SB 07, e. V.
Hauptstraße 91
66128 Saarbrücken
Spartakus.saar@gmx.de
Female exercise instructor / consultant:
Irina Makhina
Olga Viktorova
Tai-Bo, Body Pumping,
Preventive Back Pain Training,
Recreational
Sports Club
Spartakus
Sports
Confederation
for the F. State
of Saarland
Sports
Confederation
for the F. State
of Saarland
Women's
Sport SB 07
Music Dance
Rhythmic sports gymnastics for all girls
Girls and young women
Women of 60+
The Preparation
The Preparation
The women's sports group “The Grey Roses“ was
isolation due to old age, in particular, by combining the
launched in order to give consideration to the demo-
exercise afternoons with a social activity part and by
graphic development. Since the group was integrated in
organizing open-door daytime events of integration.
the Recreational Sports Club Spartakus, it was possible
to utilize existing contacts. Many club members who
The Summary
had reached “the age” took part in the program, and
The creation of this sport initiative gave women, aged
the course was quickly well booked.
over 60 years, with or without a migratory background,
The Course Offered
The female participants had two training lessons per
week, from the beginning. The course included very
diversified kinds of exercise: Tai Bo, Body Pumping,
Preventive Back Pain Training and Music Dance. The participants themselves were given the opportunity to codetermine the course contents individually. The female
exercise instructor was highly experienced and adjusted
herself to the respective wishes.
the opportunity to exercise Tai Bo (meanwhile also aerobics and jazz dance), under experienced guidance and
with expert support.
The voluntary character of the course and the focus on the
personal motivation of the participants achieved that the
“Grey Roses” increasingly engaged themselves in the club
and got more intensely involved in the different activities.
“Already put on the scrap heap – as if! The participants took part in the training very actively. It
The sporting program was complemented by open-door
was a surprise for many spectators to watch the
daytime events of integration and joint undertakings.
great fun and also the high sporting ambitions
of the female “sport oldies” when they had their
The club's gymnastics program called “Libelle“ (drag-
the girls, who were very proactive, helped to mitigate
onfly) was mainly directed to young girls. From the very
concerns and the fear of contact as well as to strength-
beginning, it was able to benefit from its involvement
en their self-assurance.
in the successful and active club Women's Sports SB 07.
The competence and the personal migratory background
of the female exercise instructor of the club were a
strong factor, too. As a result, the course was fully
booked within a short time.
The Course Offered
The sport group “Libelle“ was founded in 2008 as a sub-
The Summary
!
The active and convincing work of the female exercise
instructor contributed an essential part to the success
of the course. Time and again, it turned out that the
participants were strongly fixated on the female exercise
instructor - a circumstance that needs to be implicitly
taken into account in case of a change of personnel.
section of the integration club Women's Sport SB 07.
Through this new sport group, the club offered all girls,
who were interested in and took a shine to rhythmic
sport gymnastics, an opportunity to learn to do this particular sport under the competent guidance of experts
and to take part in competitions.
Tip
first public appearance as “The Grey Roses” on
The sports course not only increased the physical
the occasion of the Day of Integration celebrated
Since the girls could get involved in a sport which they
the training should be peppered with public
achievement potential of the female senior citizens
in the city of Saarbrücken. Respect!“
really enjoyed, the degree of satisfaction was corre-
appearances.
but also contributed to actively counteract the social
Olga Viktorova, Female Exercise Instructor, Recreational Sports
spondingly high. In particular, the public appearances of
Club Spartakus
126 I
To strengthen the self-assurance of the girls,
I 127
Sports Youth of Hesse e. V. (SJH)
RhythmicSportsGymnastics
Dorfallee 3
36039 Fulda
for
ce
s
Offi men'
Wo sues
Is
Competitive Dancing
Sport Club Fulda e. V.
“Our program was not only aimed at sport-related results. We also wanted to
offer girls and women from different countries of origin a possibility to commu-
http://www.tsc-fulda.de
nicate in the German language. It is a welcome side-effect that the course also
contributed to making new friends.“
Jutta Schultz
Sports Youth
of Hesse
Network partners:
Rhythmic gymnastics
Dan
cin
Clu g Spo
rt
b Fu
lda s
Ad
fo viso
r F ry
or Co
ei
gn unc
er il
s
I Advisory Council for Foreigners
I Office for Women's Issues
Franz Mahr, Chairman, Dancing Sports Club Fulda
Women with or without a migratory background
aged 41–71 years
The Preparation
The momentum of togetherness and cooperation was
The highest obstacle of joining the sports club as a
of an essential significance for the women. They were
member, after a trial period of one month, continues
highly interested in learning the “German way” of danc-
to be the membership fee. Although it is devised as a
ing and in learning something about the other course
socially acceptable contribution (8 Euro per month) the
participants.
participants interested in a membership still consid-
The information and leaflets of the network partners re-
ered the fee to be too high or, in some cases, alleg-
!
ferred to the programs offered by the TSC Fulda and the
The husbands of the women had a strong – positive as
edly impossible to finance. The sports club can only
possibilities of a club membership. Most contacts were
well as negative – influence on the attendance of the
compensate this situation in part by means of financial
established as a result of word-of-mouth recommenda-
course. Once the partners were convinced of a commit-
support granted by the municipality, political parties and
tion and targeted notifications in the press media.
ment of their wives to the club, the women enjoyed to
sponsors.
play a fruitful part in the activities of the club.
The Course Offered
The club presented rhythmic sport gymnastics as a mass
sports course. The sport program was intended to not
only generate a sense of community but to also achieve
an understanding of the circumstances and conditions
of living in the new home country of Germany.
The Summary
The women were pleased about the possibility to follow
The involvement of women of the most different back-
grounds in the multifarious club activities has proven to
be very enriching for all fields of work of the sports club.
their sporting preference in a pure women's group.
Since the group participants communicated with one another exclusively in German, they additionally achieved
to overcome language barriers. Several times a year they
met for an exchange on a personal level, they invited
each other for dinner and were involved in shaping the
culinary set-up on the occasion of club festivities.
Tip
Coordinate the scheduling of the program with
the participants, already in the run-up to the
course. This helps to avoid misunderstandings.
128 I
I 129
Sports Youth of Hesse e. V. (SJH)
KickitlikeNiaKünzer*
Sports Youth of Hesse e. V.
August
Bebel
Comprehensive
School
Otto-Fleck-Schneise 4
60528 Frankfurt am Main
http://www.sportjugend-hessen.de
“At the beginning, there was the wish of the girls to strive to be like their role
model Nia Künzer. Naturally, the federation also wanted the course to achieve a
Female/male exercise instructor:
lasting integration of the girls' group in the organizational structure of the local
Marion Weber
soccer club. It is still too early to tell whether this aim has definitely been rea-
Thomas Künzer
Network partners:
Quarters
Management
”Social City“
Sports Youth
of Hesse
Geschwister
Scholl Elementary School
I Quarters Management ”Social City“
I 'Support point' and sports clubs
'Support
Point'
and
sports
clubs
I Geschwister Scholl Elementary School
I August Bebel Comprehensive School
(US: high school)
Age of (female) participants: 6 –10 Years
ched. However, we are on a good way towards this goal.”
Marion Weber, Female Exercise Instructor
The Course Offered
Girls and women and particularly those with a migra-
Both exercise instructors had passed a soccer-specific
tory background are still under-represented in sport. This
advanced training, showing as great deal of voluntary
holds especially true for the city district of Niedergirmes.
commitment, and enthusiastically passed the newly
To counteract this situation, a program of sports and
received recommendations on to the girls.
The Preparation
physical activity, specially designed for girls with or with-
The visit of the female soccer player and World Cup
out a migratory background, was to be launched and, in
The first matches and tournaments took place in 2010.
champion Nia Künzer, on the occasion of an event of the
the light of the positive reactions on Nia Künzer's visit,
The girls were eager to eventually try their skills in a
Elementary School at Niedergirmes in spring 2010, was
intended to distinctly focus on soccer playing.
competition. Moreover, it was possible to establish first
a great chance for the network project: The girls were
so much enthused by the former national player that the
school direction and the physical education teacher took
The negligible rate of absenteeism indicates that the
contact with well-known network partners to organ-
girls had lots of fun during the course – even though a
ize joint talks. In cooperation with the (male) exercise
similar course had fallen through in the city district just
instructor of “Integration through Sport" (by the way,
two years earlier.
city districts in order to give talented and highly motivated girls a prospect of future in the sports club.
the father of Nia Künzer) the PE teacher started the girls'
soccer project in Niedergirmes, involving girls of the first
up to the fourth grade of the elementary school as well
as girls of the fifth grade of the neighboring August
Bebel Comprehensive School.
!
contacts with soccer teams of clubs in the neighboring
The Summary
The strongly committed female sports instructor was
of vital importance for the success of the program. She
inspired confidence and made the access to the girls
much easier for the second (male) exercise instructor.
Tip
A well-known person of the particular
* Nia Kunzer is a female German soccer-star since she
scored the golden goal in the Women’s World Cup final
2003 beating Sweden.
130 I
sport is an ideal disseminator and key
communicator.
I 131
I ConclusionsandRecommendationsforAction
The examples of good practice, illustrated in this brochure, describe central findings,
from which we can derive recommendations for action. They are intended to serve as
a help for orientation and as a practical guide for advice. 21 clubs participated in the
network project. It developed and implemented more than 70 combined courses of
sports and additional program parts. The project work in our sports clubs has demonstrated, above all, that trying new approaches, being open-minded and having
patience is really worthwhile. He who keeps the ball will be in a position to celebrate
successes, together with others, in the end.
In addition to the recommendations for action, which resulted from the examples
of good practice, the following contribution on the topic “Intercultural Opening in
Sport – Practice-Oriented and Promising” is specifically addressed to the management
of sports clubs and federations. It outlines approaches to show how federations and
clubs can be effectively supported in a sustainable integration work by means of an
orientation towards intercultural opening.
Subsequently, we shall introduce a work tool of the German Sports Youth (dsj). It is
an important instrument of the organizational and human resources development of
the dsj. The most significant part of it is related to an intercultural self-check which
may help (youth) organizations in sport and outside sport to analyze and assess themselves on their way towards an intercultural opening. The tool for the intercultural
self-check can be adapted to the situation of the respective organization concerned.
132 I
I 133
Conclusions and Recommendations for Action
WhereDoWeReachFemaleMigrants?
Approach female migrants in their own
environment
A personal approach opens the doors
Young people with (or without) a migratory background
tools to raise the interest of female migrants for courses.
can be reached in the best way by approaching them at
However, a personal approach has turned out to be even
children’s day-care facilities (e.g. also day-care centers with
more promising and target-oriented. To approach the
sporting activities) and schools, while their parents may be
women and to address them at the places where they
addressed at the parents’ days which are held there.
are already organized, to offer them courses with de-
Handouts and newspaper adds are useful and supportive
tailed explanations, to enthuse them for sport, physical
Language schools and adult education centers, on their
activity and other programs proved to be the best way
turn, offer good access to adults. Female migrants who
to win the women over. Many female migrants were
were registered there for further education, almost in all
already enthusiastic by the mere fact that somebody had
cases enthused themselves for the sports courses offered.
approached them and was willing to develop programs
During their leisure time, many girls and women with
for them. This helped to open the doors.
a migratory background organize themselves, among
others, in neighborhood meetings, in citizen and family
Friendliness and respect build confidence
centers, intercultural offices, urban district institutions
One can assume that many women have never seen a
and clubs which offer the women courses of needle-
sports club from the inside, that many particular sports
work, painting and cooking and on others subjects.
are largely unknown to them and sport-related terms
These courses take up activities which the women had
need to be quite cautiously conveyed to them. This
also liked to do in their countries of origin. For this rea-
means that friendliness, combined with patience and
son, we recommend an exact analysis of the area where
respect of the different cultures and, thus, the necessary
the target group can be found: Who lives there, which
background of experience are in demand.
are the languages spoken and which clubs, organizations, municipal and communal specialized departments
This will help the women to feel duly esteemed as indi-
the unknown and build confidence. Trust plays a major
already existing communal coordination offices which,
etc. are already working with female migrants?
vidual persons, it will decrease the fear of contact or of
role because, above all, you have to make the women
on their part, already have a broad network and could
familiar with so far unknown circumstances (such as
help sports clubs to get involved in the fastest possible
sports halls, changing rooms, different sports, sports
manner. Thus, sports clubs and their programs could
implements, the sports club, etc.). Thus, confidence
be integrated in the discussions of the so-called com-
strongly influences the question whether or not female
munal “Roundtables”, become a part of the work of
migrants decide to join a sports club and will feel at
Integration Departments, Offices for Women's Issues
ease. These are prerequisites of an active participation
and Equality, District Offices, Urban Quarter Manage-
and cooperation of the women concerned.
ment Sections, local Alliances, multi-generation houses,
Building networks
134 I
etc., and above all, they could become widely known.
Consecutively, the concepts of the sports clubs were dis-
Be it in a small community, town, city or metropolis,
seminated to the municipal institutions in the respective
everywhere you will find already existing forms of co-
urban districts where female migrants used to pass their
operation and partnerships which are worth joining in.
leisure time or to participate in courses of further train-
This may happen either on a bilateral level where sports
ing. The female directors or employees of these institu-
clubs approach partners in their respective environ-
tions at first informed the women about the concepts of
ment and develop several forms of cooperation, or – as
the sports clubs and, in a second step, when enthusiasm
a very successfully utilized option within our network
had risen, the female exercise instructor could introduce
project - by means of an association of the clubs with
herself and the sports course offered for the women.
I 135
Tailor-MadeCourses–WhatDoWeHavetoConsider?
Before you devise the program you should always consider for whom it is intended. The better you define the target group in the preparation phase, the easier
and, above all, the more appropriate will be the final shaping of the course.
Devising the course contents in a
demand-oriented manner
In this brochure we repeatedly pointed out that there
The courses offered to young mothers and elderly fe-
are no such things as THE female migrants, The Ger-
male migrants speak for themselves. Since many female
Providing for short journeys to make
it easier for the women to accept the
program
Familiarizing the women with additional program parts in the framework of
the sports courses
Ideally the course should be held in an environment that
The additional program parts were well received in the
is familiar to the female migrants. For families where the
network project. However, the incentive was most often
mothers are the only persons responsible for child edu-
rather the sports course. It was only somewhat later dur-
cation and household management, but also increasingly
ing the development of the course, when the participants
for single mothers, a sport course becomes the more
had become more acquainted with one another and had
attractive, the shorter the journey and the more familiar
the heart to express some wishes, that the additional
program parts became, to a greater extent, the focus of
mans, nor The Bavarians. Hence, it is of fundamental
migrants are strongly involved in family activities in the
the environment are.
importance to seek the dialogue with the potential par-
afternoons and evenings, it is necessary to jointly agree
ticipants and to work out a program for these women
upon the scheduling of the course, in order to ensure a
that is accurately fitting. For this purpose, you need to
regular attendance.
Including an adaptation phase in the
planning of the course
accurately define the target group before you prepare the course to be offered. Prospective participants
should be asked, for example, what are their options in
terms of dates and time-schedule, duration of journey
and wishes concerning the contents of the course. It
is essential that you select the contents and shape the
program to be offered in a cautious way in order to
be as flexible as possible in responding to the needs of
the participants. The lower the threshold and the more
accurately fitting the program is, the greater the likelihood of all participants to identify with the program and
actively take part in it.
Allowing for child-care services during
the sport program
A sport program will be specially attractive to young mothers and even grandmothers if it is ensured that their family
commitment, namely looking after the children / grandchildren is covered by a child-care service during the sport lessons. The examples of our network project illustrate good
approaches in this respect: grandmothers, sisters or cousins
of the children took over the child-care (painting pictures
in a neighboring room, for example), in another case, the
cooperation with “Children's Worlds of Physical Activity”
proved to be very helpful as well as the the assignment of
child-care to the female representatives of FSJ.
bination of sports courses and additional program parts.
For this purpose you have to clarify during the courses, in
Since many female migrants have never done sports active
joint talks and coordination with the participants, wheth-
and regularly nor might have exercised in a sports club,
er there will be enough time for additional program parts.
it is recommended to plan in an adaptation phase at the
The participants of the courses of the network program
beginning of the course. During this phase the exercise
were more than satisfied with the additional offers, how-
instructor and the participants get to know each other as
ever, the scheduling played a major role in this context.
well as the participants one another. In view of the de-
The challenge consists in the requirement to also shape
velopment and shape of the program, this phase already
the additional programs in way that meets the needs, is
provides important insights: you should find out whether
attractive and consistent with the sports course.
sport-related terms mean anything to the women, and
Additional program parts, such as courses on health is-
talk about them with the women. What is the meaning
sues, language training, computer handling, first aid or
of “body tension”, what about “ breathing out under-
nutritional advice, are always dependent on the avail-
water”, what are “hitting pads”, what kind of rules need
ability of the partners. In this connection, fixed structures
to be explained? It already starts with the name of the
of administration and organization use to collide with
courses: instead of “Body Fit” the course may as well be
the necessity to offer courses that have to be devised in a
called “Abs, Legs and Buns”. These are cross-border and
flexible manner. This is why, in such a case, the dialogue
trans-cultural terms. The individual exercises should be
with all stakeholders involved is the prerequisite of a
frequently repeated, explained and demonstrated at the
successful program. Sport has a competitive advantage in
beginning, until the women get used to the course of
this respect, because many a sport course can be flexibly
motions. It is also helpful to show variations which make
held in the venues of the cooperation partner (for exam-
the exercise easier or more demanding.
ple, gymnastics, yoga, etc.), and the women do not have
Hint: You should also speak about the fulfillment of
to make additional journeys to reach the sports clubs.
duties, such as punctuality, the mounting and dismountcupboard and similar topics, explaining details and trying
Developing new ideas for the courses
offered
the different tasks, in order to achieve, step-by-step, that
In addition to sport and health-related incentives, girls
they become integral parts of the course and, hence,
and women with a migratory background are, in the
become second nature to the women as elements of the
first instance, interested in having fun and doing some-
constitution of sports club.
thing together. With due respect to ambition, during
ing of sports equipment, responsibility for the supply
136 I
attention. It is necessary to pay special regard to the com-
I 137
Tailor-MadeCourses–WhatDoWeHavetoConsider?
Choosing the clothing for sports –
leave it to the women themselves
Especially for women who have not yet become famil-
the contents of the courses. In particular, when it comes
As long as safety regulations are not affected and it is not
in Germany, this kind of sports programs might signify
to nutrition, it is reasonable to spice theory up – perhaps
opposed to sport-specific rules, the participants should be
the first step towards self-determination. These women
with a cooking course. The cooking of simple dishes is
allowed to decide themselves which kind of clothing they
have a great interest in sport and health, too. However,
appreciated and ensures sustainability, because the par-
wear when exercising sports. There was no swimming
according to their perception, there is no space for them
ticipants get recipes which makes it very easy for them
course where the women would have liked to wear a
in sport, either. The network project showed them that
to cook the dishes once more at home. For instance, pu-
'Burkini'. Even the name was not familiar to them. Dur-
they were most welcome. Muslim women, in particular,
pils of Turkish origin were delighted to learn something
ing the swimming courses the women wore leggins and
gladly accepted the offer. The practice of sports takes
about the different types of whole-grain bread and to
another shirt. Nobody expressed any disapproval in this
place under the same conditions. At first, they learn to
take different breads home.
respect. It is a basic and confidence-building measure to
be more open-minded in the social intercourse among
leave the decision on their clothing during sporting activi-
the group members and with the exercise instructor.
The sense of community was further strengthened
ties to the women themselves. Nevertheless, the function
Consecutively, the small successes experienced during
by joint breakfast meetings or a get-together for the
of sports wear should be clarified.
the exercises, which they learned and carried our cor-
the courses you should keep enough space for talking,
laughing and asking questions. A walk through the
quarter, for example, might be a good way to sharpen
afternoon snacks (“Women's Palaver”) which took place
iar with our society and live very seclusively, in a less
secular environment together with like-minded people
rectly, as well as a feeling of well-being are the factors
before or after the course appointments. A joint partici-
In particular, girls with a migratory background were
that invigorate the women. In some courses, the women
pation in club events is effective for integration, as well.
often not aware of the need to wear sport shoes when
started while still wearing their headscarves which,
they practiced sports. In this case, safety regulations are
however, they took off in the course of time, provided
taking effect.
that the general conditions were fulfilled: no men and
The sports club does not only provide a very ample social
space but, at the same time, it is a field of informal
learning. If there are venues available in the clubs, it
parts can be organized in the clubs, such as homework
Taking holidays into consideration
when scheduling the course
help, handicraft work or painting for children, perhaps
Ramadan, the month of fasting, is one of the most
is worthwhile to consider whether additional program
also interesting workshops where specific topics of eve-
important for the women in order to get the support of
well-known Islamic holiday periods. Koran stipulates
ryday importance to the women are dealt with and are
their families for their sporting activities. There may be
that during Ramadan all Muslims should fast. Apart
linked with counseling and information. The network
some exceptions as far as martial arts are concerned. In
from the circumstance that doing sports on an empty
project also served as a means to increasingly provide
a self-defense course it is essential to learn whether you
stomach might not give much pleasure and would not
information concerning the different aspects of the Ger-
defend yourself against a women or a man. However,
be beneficial to health, especially women are bound to
man public health system and to communicate essential
this issue should be discussed during the preparations
meet family commitments. This should be taken into
knowledge about counseling and drop-in centers.
for the course.
consideration in the planning of dates, duration and
Ensuring that men are not present
at courses
Women with a migratory background, in particular
those coming from Muslim culture, are bound to comply
with the order of sex segregation. The effort needed to
offer sports programs that take this fact into account,
is not necessarily very high. Corresponding signs at the
Darkening/shading the venue, as needed
A venue with blinds should be provided for the women,
in case it can be viewed through big windows from the
outside. In this respect, in particular Muslim women require a darkening. Draperies or other means that can be
used for this purpose may be provided by cooperation
partners or be borrowed from them.
likeliness that, in a medium term, they may participate
in mixed-ethnic courses will be given if they are not
obliged to make the second step before the first.
the scheduling of the course. Moreover, there are other
holidays to be taken into account, too.
Offering courses for mono-ethnic
groups, as well
A central issue to be clarified when devising the program relates to the question whether courses which are
exclusively designed for female migrants or women with
door of the changing room and the sports hall state that
The majority of the women favored rooms, which could
a migratory background, have something to do with
men have no access to the exercise lesson. This is also
not be viewed, as well as courses exclusively for women.
integration. The answer is: YES!
138 I
no rooms which were viewable from the outside. The
I 139
Whatdidwelearnaboutfemalemigrants?
Howdowemakeourclubsfitforthefuture?
In the network project we were able to break down many prejudices concerning
Times have changed. The demographic change is already noticeable in the
female migrants. Summarizing the essential insights which we achieved from and
clubs, too. For the sports clubs, developments such as the decreasing number
with the women ith a migratory background in our courses, we can state that.
of children and adolescents in Germany and the growing proportion of female and male migrants and persons with a migratory background, compared
I There is not such a thing as THE female migrant.
I In our project, the majority of the female migrants
perceived themselves as women and did not consider
themselves to be female migrants or women with a
migratory background.
I The women were very open-minded with regard to
sports of women (of different origins) and additional
program parts.
I Muslim women needed protected spaces during the
time of exercise and, in the course of the program,
took off their headscarves.
I The courses changed the attitude of the women positively, not only in terms of sporting and coordination
conglomeration, there are some districts where the quota of persons with a
skills but also regarding competencies of action and
migratory background has meanwhile grown to 60 – 80 percent.
social skills.
I Changes need time. The participants were open to
mutual learning processes and proud of what they had
achieved in the end.
I Confidence is built by means of friendliness and re-
Our sports clubs will be able to face the social challenges if they welcome,
promote and provide for a culture of diversity. Consequently, if we want to
keep fit for the future we have to further open up.
spect; it is a prerequisite of a successful cooperation.
I The motives to take an interest in sports programs are,
among others:
• to
do something for one's health
(for example losing weight)
• to
get to know something new
(e.g. so far unknown particular sports and sport
programs
• to
become acquainted with nice people
I For the majority of the women their participation in the
course resulted, among others, in:
•a
stronger self-assurance
• an
•a
improvement of health-related disorders
decrease of everyday strains
I The wish 'no men in the courses!' applied to the majority of the participants. No males, above all, no swimming pool supervisor, no exercise instructor (except in
self-defense courses), nor a facility manager who might
The nature of clubs
I Female exercise leaders play a specific role.
In the network project, a key role was ascribed to the
this process understandingly and to avoid calling one's
female exercise instructors. The (female) participants
own person into question, because a course with
considered them as
female migrants has other characteristics compared to
• Persons
of trust
(due to an adequate social intercourse)
• Persons
of respect
(due to their expertise in sports) and
• Contact
persons
(also for non-sport-related concerns).
a usual exercise lesson (also see page 51 of the present
brochure).
The transfer of intercultural competencies is also meant
for the management level of clubs and associations.
An awareness-building of the leadership level supports
and facilitates the work of the exercise instructors and
In this respect, the exercise instructors are often con-
provides for a more open-minded social intercourse of
fronted with differing kinds of understanding of the
the entire club life with migrants.
roles, expectations and attitudes. To that effect, the
I Support by the club and its environment
qualifying seminar “Sport interkulturell“ is an appropriate measure to help exercise instructors to put them-
is in demand
selves in the place of other persons and to look at situ-
Representatives of the club who deal with courses
ations from a different viewpoint. This means to allow
for female migrants are confronted with partly strong
for a learning process that may take time but will be
prejudices in their own club environment. Since female
worthwhile at the end. To change attitudes and points
exercise instructors and other committed members are
at the combined programs, and above all the sports
of view on both sides in view of a mutual approach
persons who take up important and challenging tasks,
courses, that they were able to enthuse other family
is something that needs time. The qualifying seminar
to the benefit of the participant, they really need broad
members (even the men in their families) for sports.
provides assistance and advice in order to accompany
support from their own ranks.
accidentally enter the course room or the area of the
changing rooms.
I Many women had such a great deal of fun and joy
140 I
to the total population, become increasingly important. In centers of urban
I 141
In some clubs of the network project, the leadership
network projects had not yet thought of the possibility
A language school, for instance, changed its study
Due to the high percentage of girls with a migratory
level and the female exercise instructors worked hand
to involve the local sports club and, thus, to offer also
plan in a way that mainly sport-related terms, experi-
background in the schools, headmasters are often inter-
in hand, thus providing for a smooth development of
sports courses for female migrants – to the effect that
ences in sports and the sports club were brought up as
ested in separate sports courses for girls and boys. They
the course. Sensitizing the general environment requires
they were quite happy about the idea to complement
central themes. Sports clubs opened their doors for new
also recognize the need of gender segregation.
tangible and sustainable measures, as well.
their own range of programs in this way.
approaches. In a local group, the warming-up training
The membership in a club
took place under the leadership of female migrants who
offered oriental belly dance as an introduction to the
I Establishing partnerships with organizations
of migrants
I New forms of club membership are in demand
training unit. So, all women had a lot of fun.
First forms of cooperation with organizations of mi-
The step towards an unlimited club membership is
Sports clubs, which up to then had hardly any mutual
grants in the framework of our project have shown: It is
sometimes too big. Growing mobility and flexibility lead
relations or even had been competitors, can help each
important to involve them, though their way of working
to the general wish to experience new sports courses
other in many respects by mutually providing for sports
may be completely different from what we are used to.
that are manageable in terms of time. This is also related
halls and exercise instructors or by exchanging experi-
However, their aim to use creative ideas as an input to
to the question of financing. The network project has
ence on a sustainable acquisition and retention of female
common interests has great potential. Furthermore, they
shown that it was helpful to offer female migrants
migrants in sport and in the sports club. To exchange suc-
are building bridges between different cultures and are
sports lessons free of charge, by means of a “trial
cessful concepts and to discuss problems jointly is a help
able to enhance mutual understanding.
course”. Other persons seem to think that something is
for all parties and interested persons involved.
An early involvement in the concept of the project also
not worthwhile if offered free of charge, along the lines
of “you get what you pay for“. Hence, it is reasonable
to also develop and test new forms of club membership
and possibilities of financing .
Networking – using chances
I Using contacts, building regional (sports)
networks
Establishing sustainable and reliable partnerships is an
Central contact points of sport, such as the sports confederations at district and municipal levels are also in a
position to convey their experience. They already know
many potential cooperation partners and support sports
clubs by providing contacts and know-how. This constellation should be further improved.
I The cooperation between day-care center /
school and sports club
allows for a common work process, during which different approaches are gradually developed in cooperation and lead to the best possible scenario of success,
generating a mutual learning process of and among all.
Unknown circumstances that may produce a failure of
a project idea, can be detected in this way and transformed into new promising notions.
But once again: learning from one another and mentally
growing together with and because of others require
time and patience.
investment in the future. It needs time and care. The
Day-care centers and schools offer the best access for
closer the cooperation of network and cooperation part-
gaining young staff for the sports club. Teachers and
ners is, the less work individuals have to shoulder, and
headmasters are important partners; at the same time,
Enhancing voluntary commitment
the greater the success jointly achieved will be. Clearly
they have a multiplier effect with a view to providing
Volunteerism is said to be the most important resource
structured responsibilities and a partnership at eye level,
rooms for physical activity inside and outside schools
of the club. However, less and less people are ready to
accompanied by an exchange of views at regular inter-
and to convince parents of the sporting and health-pro-
commit themselves in and for a club permanently. This
vals, are the basis of sustainability and reliability. Even
moting activities of the children. Moreover, the gymna-
trend may generate existential worries in a club. In open-
when this needs time, looking for competent partner-
siums of the schools can be made available for sports
ing sport offers to female migrants and women with a
ships pays off in the end. A shift glance about the imme-
courses. If the programs offered meet with the interests
migratory background for participation and coopera-
diate environment will show that circles and networks
of the children and adolescents, it can be included in
tion, the clubs cannot only get potential new members,
are already existing which would be pleased to get new
the full-time education offer of the school. If courses of
female exercise instructors and social integration work-
allies. Sports clubs may associate with others in many
sports clubs are integrated in the full-time education,
ers; but welcoming them, also giving them a chance of
places and contribute to designing attractive recreational
this will not only result in a transfer of more sporting
active collaboration and co-determination in the club
programs for women. Very helpful and interested con-
competence to day-to-day school life but also in an en-
will reveal the real, great potential of such an approach,
tact partners can also be found at the level of the com-
hancement of the psycho-social resources of the young
after all. However, this requires new, modern forms of
munity and in municipal entities. Many partners of the
people (social skills, team spirit, etc.).
participation and collaboration. They are subject to a
142 I
I 143
Howcanwesupportclubsintheirintegrationwork?
development process that starts with winning the
way, a culture of mutual solidarity can be enhanced that
women over for sporting activities and is targeted to
helps the members of the club to grow together, in spite
The network project exemplifies the intercultural opening of sport. This means:
an empowerment for their personal development. This
of all given diversity. These are the best prerequisites for a
The federation should commit itself to a targeted and consistent intercultural
process can be continued, step by step, by means of a
person to commit itself voluntarily and with pleasure.
cooperation, as well.
successive handover of responsibility to the women.
Today, it has become a solid, ever more important tool
There are many possibilities of volunteering in the club,
of the development of human resources and organiza-
which go beyond the activities of a mere exercise instruc-
tion to also pave the way for girls and women with a
tor. In particular, women of cultural backgrounds with
migratory background to get positions of responsibil-
close family ties can make a valuable contribution to gen-
ity, and to accompany them on their way. Educational
erate a stronger sense of community in the clubs. In this
potential belongs to the resources of the future.
Intercultural awareness-building as an
integral part of educational work
In this respect, the regional coordinators of the federal
Beside the sports clubs, which are closely linked to the re-
adjacent themes with interested persons of responsibil-
quirements of intercultural cooperation, mainly due to the
interaction of the female exercise instructors, the activities
of the federations should also increasingly be opened to
program “Integration through Sport” play an essential
part. The mutual exchange on integration matters and
ity in sport helps to achieve the fastest and best possible
support to the clubs.
intercultural concerns. In the partner organizations of the
By way of good examples, the German Gymnastics
network project, this approach was implemented, above
Federation closely cooperates with the Sports Youth of
all, by establishing workshops and working groups on
Hesse in qualifying female exercise instructors on the
activities of integration as well as by developing educa-
basis of the program “Sport interkulturell“, the German
tion modules on intercultural sensitizing which are inte-
Life Saving Society cooperates with the Regional Sports
grated in the basic teaching work of sport federations, for
Confederation of Lower Saxony in this matter.
example. In these cases, experts of education cooperate
with those of the fields of health, integration and gender
equality, using an interdisciplinary approach. It is essential
that the interdisciplinary approaches are consolidated and
Intensifying public relations
The publication of articles in regional and supra-regional
implemented on an ongoing basis.
press media, federation magazines and in the internet
Supporting sports clubs in matters of
integration
work of the sports clubs in this respect. This leads to a
If clubs want to be successful in their dedication to
successful examples of participation and cooperation
integration also in the future, a constant exchange of
also, and in particular, of female migrants reaches the
information and experience is indispensable. This is a
general public, as well.
on activities of integration also serves as a tribute to the
positive recognition of the integration work in and by
sport. Besides promoting tolerance, the information on
very complex theme. For this reason, sports clubs which
want to approach the subject-matter, need the greatest possible support, such as information on how to
become a sponsored 'support point' club of the federal
program “Integration through Sport”, what kind of
qualification possibilities (training courses, seminars,
etc.) are offered, what are the first steps to approach
Autorin:
a target group when you are planning a project, which
Verena Zschippang
programs offered by partners are suitable for combin-
ing ones own course with them, etc. These and other
questions require an intensive work of information and
awareness training.
144 I
I 145
Interculturalopeninginsport– practice-orientedandbearinggoodprospects
In the first instance, in the field of sport, too, Intercultural Opening (ICO) is nothing else than another buzzword for the attempt to master social integration.
However, it is based on the recognition that all the different measures taken in
individual areas (e.g. integration through sport, female migrants in sport, antidiscrimination or canvassing for new members, club management) may achieve
I ... it goes into structures, processes and results of organization.
I ... it is most likely to be found in public administration,
since it is appreciated in this area, and can be linked to it.
I ... it comes from the non-profit sector and therefore
turn up, time and again, it is beneficial for successful integration to support the group and to take cultural specifics into account. Hence, intercultural sensitization is
in the focus of attention, the prerequisite of any process
of opening. The participants learn to perceive intercultural situations in a sensitive way and to analyze them,
does not place the total assets in the foreground but
instead of looking upon “the others” aloof. The cultural
reasonable results and success, but especially on the structural level sustainable
concentrates on a felicitous social interaction, which is
part of communication and conflict is identified. Contact
and understanding are recurrent themes in all kinds of
effects are hardly visible in the club or the federation. In many places there is a
measured against the sense of well-being of all persons
involved, likewise.
questions related to intercultural opening in sport: How
feeling that good approaches have been in vain and that one has to make a new
start, time and again. The approach of ICO opens a chance to achieve sustainable
I ... it generates sustainability because it revises the attitude of the main stakeholders.
do we get in contact with potential new members? How
much body contact is allowed (also in sport)? What are
the characteristics of social contact in different cultural
changes by embedding suitable measures in stringent control, planning and cross-
The following concept of the modular course of continu-
systems. Is our sports club attractive to the most differing groups? What are the reasons for misunderstand-
sectional work.
ing education ”Interkulturelle Öffnung im Sport“ ('intercultural opening in sport') builds upon the contents of
ing? How to set the record straight? Awareness of these
the education plan for exercise instructors (“ÜL-C”) and
aspects is built in the situation of the seminar, using the
simultaneously adheres to the principles of intercultural
example of the seminar group which, with regard to cul-
didactics . The four topic areas / modules constitute dif-
ture, is multifarious. Having also identified these aspects
ferent ways of access to the greater, interlinked range of
in club life, the group works out approaches for action
themes. In this way, the pressure of “having to take part
concerning the handling of this sociocultural diversity.
How can we implement intercultural
opening effectively and with practical
implications?
The following statements outline a methodical-didactic
The aim of integration and participation/cooperation of
from the beginning” is taken away and, at the same
concept which was developed by “context – interkul-
all people in the activities of sport (in particular, focus-
time, there is the incentive to continue the qualification
turelle kommunikation und bildung“ ('context – inter-
ing on persons with a history of immigration) is, in
process, no matter where the starting point was. Not-
Module II:
Sport practice and intercultural projects
cultural communication and education') in cooperation
principle, achievable by the concept of ICO because ...
withstanding, the modules are built upon one another,
In the course of the training program, every day there
also in terms of sequence, and have a high added value
are some odds and ends to be organized which, in the
for the participants who take part in the whole series.
context of migration and differing cultural notions, may
with the Regional Sports Confederation of North-RhineWestphalia. It is structured in a modular way and seizes
the suggestion by the Federal Ministry for Family, Senior
Citizens, Women and Youth (BMFSFJ) of 2005 concerning the steps of implementation of ICO:
I “Processing of the range of topics related to 'inter-
I ... it is directed towards the individual level as well as
the organization as a whole.
I ... it gives the resources and potential of all parties
concerned prominence instead of centering problems.
I ... it already indicates the target course in its title:
Module I:
Intercultural contact and understanding
quickly become an apple of discord or even lead to an
exclusion of potential members – be it the discussion
concerning showering after sports, the handling of
When a 'variegated' group comes together, it is ben-
religious rules of nutrition (e.g. pork-free food), dress
cultural opening' in the organization with the aim to
change by an opening of the existing organization and
eficial to take particularly care of mutual contacts and
regulations (headscarves, swimming suits, short trou-
develop and test progressive approaches
the individual. If integration is a mutual process of host
understanding. Children and adolescents who go to the
sers), a seemingly ethnic-oriented building of cliques, or
society and immigrants, ICO is the precondition of the
sports club are of different origins, in terms of language
be it the recruiting of new members or the work with
success of this process.
and culture, they may have an experience of migration
parents. It is beneficial to exchange experiences related
with the family or they are native Germans, they come
to “tips and tricks” of everyday life of the club, which
from different social classes or they may be just different
organized sport has developed throughout decades with
I Qualification of communicators with multiplier functions in the field of intercultural competence
I Topic-oriented prioritization aimed at an increasing offer of courses which deal with possibilities of participation of persons with a migratory background
I Increasing involvement of persons with migratory background in the existing measures
146 I
1
I ... it considers Intercultural Sensitizing of all parties
concerned as a condition sine qua non. In this respect,
emphasis is placed on 'all' (addressing especially the
with regard to their physical, mental and social skills.
executive committees and boards of the clubs, because
In the sports club, these aspects should not play a part
ICO is a matter of a process of development of organi-
anymore in the long run – that is a great chance. Espe-
zation, human resources and quality assurance!)
cially at the beginning, or when new group members
1
see BMFSFJ, Children and Youth Plan of the Federal Government (KJP), Measures for Children and Adolescents with a
Migratory Background. Letter to the the beneficiaries of KJP
grants, dated Bonn, 9 February 2005. (www.bmfsfj.de)
I 147
Interculturalopeninginsport– practice-orientedandbearinggoodprospects
a view to integration in order to exercise sports. Taking
sportswomen of the club with or without a migratory
for sports clubs that strive for a win-win situation. The
As to the participants of the training course for club
the “examples of good practice” as a guideline, with
background, are utilized. First insights motivate partici-
one side is proficient in sport, as a method to make
managers with license C, subject-matters like “analysis
reference to processes of club development, intercultural
pants who have rather worked as exercise instructors
unexplored personal talents visible, to enhance the fun
and development of the club” or “planning club activi-
opening of a club, a successful cooperation with the
so far, to seize possibilities of cooperation at manage-
of team work, cooperation and shared experiences; the
ties” generate a new kind of contact and cooperation
neighboring Muslim or Christian parish, for instance,
ment level to shape the future of the club, while club
other side has access to the most different groups of so-
between management representatives and experts of
may lead us to many new ideas. Sport in a club is some-
managers are given the possibility to correctly read the
ciety who might take an interest in sports and represent
integration and group work as well as people with our
thing more than practicing a particular sport individu-
“sings of the times”, such as demographic change, the
a pool of potential new members and young staff of the
without a history of migration.
ally or with the group. The participants are familiarized
structure and development of the society of immigra-
clubs, with the ability to contribute to integration in a
with typical situations, obstacles and ways of overcom-
tion, the chances of diversity in the club, and to make
society of immigration in terms of a social participation
ing them in favor of a multicultural everyday life of the
use of them to the benefit of their club.
of all groups of the population.
I A modular, licensed training /advanced training has
great potential for the inclusion of previous outsiders.
At present, in a situation of demographic change, the
sports club. It is a matter of sport practice on the field
Module IV:
Training system and connectivity
theme of migration / intercultural learning is a subject
leadership are vital when you have to deal with conflicts
Changing clubs (jointly)
As already repeatedly mentioned, the structures of the
many fields. For this reason, advanced training courses
and to utilize the potential of multifarious groups.
The fourth and final module concentrates on measures
federations and clubs are the point where the concept
may also be offered to interested persons who, so far,
of intercultural opening mainly starts to become effec-
have not yet been active in organized sport, such as
tive. It is a cross-sectional task which has to be organ-
group leaders who are involved in open-door activi-
ized as a top-down approach in order to achieve sustain-
ties of all-day schools where they deal with cultural /
ability. This means that the executive bodies must know
migratory diversity, day-to-day. The added value of the
what it is all about and give their support.
qualification, which goes beyond the sporting activ-
and social life in its environment. Key qualifications in
communication, conflict analysis, participative group
Module III:
Thinking outside the box – social trends
and club development
to further develop the club with regard to intercultural
opening. The participants are acquainted with the
concept of intercultural opening and adapt it to their
respective club. Basing themselves on the analysis of the
club and its environment, as exercised in the third mod-
of relevance for the future, which is connectable in
ity, as such, is of specific significance to them. At the
Organized sport plays an important role in the society of
ule, they begin to plan changes. They become aware
The didactic concept, as described above, tackles the
the Federal Republic of Germany. Social trends have an
of what they want to achieve with their work and plan
overcoming of structural and organizational obstacles
impact on the successful development of the club. Immi-
the first steps of practical implementation. They develop
from the pedagogical point of view. For this purpose, it
gration and, on a long-term basis, an increasingly aging
an image of the “exercise instructor with intercultural
needs a good embedding in already existing structures
society are at present topics of heated discussion. No
competencies” and/or the “intercultural social worker”,
of training and advanced training:
sports club can only exist “for itself” or just go on with
based on the principle of self-perception, thus, under-
“business as usual”. It has to face the need to open
standing their own persons as specialized stakehold-
I It is conceivable, for example, to acknowledge the
itself to topical trends, such as fashion sports, gender
ers. Along the lines of this kind of self-assurance, they
qualification system for staff members of sports clubs
equality, the integration of diverse groups of immigra-
identify who are the essential persons whom they have
for the prolongation of their C or B exercise instructor
tion, changes by new forms of volunteerism, leisure time
to “bring on board” next and in what a way this should
licenses (ÜL-C, ÜL-B), respectively.
activities of young persons, the necessary networking
be done, in order to get upcoming changes started.
and cooperation with other stakeholder in the commu-
Particular emphasis is placed on illustrating the success
nity / urban district. This module deals with questions of
factor “cooperation among different organizations”.
is recognized, in the framework of specializing qualifi-
interaction between social issues, the organization (the
According to the experience of many practitioners and
cations, e.g. as a ÜL-B, in order to allow for a distinc-
club) and one's own person. The specificity of this mod-
the results of the respective analysis, sport and integra-
tion of particularly committed and motivated persons.
ule consists in inviting particularly club manager who are
tion go specially well together when sports clubs co-
With a view to club management, it would be possible
interested in the theme of “intercultural opening”, to
operate with schools, kindergartens, charity and social
to raise the interest of participants, who usually “get
take part in the seminar. Regarding the function held by
youth work, churches and mosques as well a organiza-
stuck” at the level of exercise group leaders, to become
the participants (exercise instructors, club managers) the
tions of migrants. In particular, the institutions where
actively involved in matters of club development. At
group is intentionally shaped in an even more hetero-
very different groups of the population use to meet
the same time, new potential would be utilized, for
Educationalists, M.A., ‘context – intercultural
geneous manner. In this context, differing viewpoints
“per se”, such as schools and child-day-care centers,
instance that of members with a migratory background
communication and education'
concerning the same subject, namely sportsmen and
as well as organizations of migrants are very suitable
who commit themselves to the shaping of the club.
148 I
individual modules as potential parts of the multilevel
same time, they become acquainted with the structures
of sport clubs and associations and establish personal
and organization-related links in the group, due to
joint learning experiences. This also constitutes great
potential in view of reaching persons with a history of
immigration.
I In addition, it is imaginable that the series of modules
Authors:
Andreas Schmitz, Anno Kluß
I 149
Tool“InterculturalOpening“
oftheGermanSportsYouth
In the following, we shall introduce a work tool of the
Intercultural self-check: the procedure
5. Measuring success
In case of differing answers by different persons, it is
German Sports Youth (dsj). The dsj and its member
The intercultural self-check inquires the kinds of access
What is the impact of the measures/actions taken?
helpful to clarify whether the answers were based on
organizations consider it as a significant instrument of
and possibilities of participation and cooperation of peo-
a divergent comprehension of the questions. Divergent
the development of human resources and organizational
I Assess successful results on the basis of targets to be
ple with a migratory background at different structural
structures. An important integral part of this tool is an
levels of youth organizations in sport. It facilitates the
intercultural self-check that can help (youth) organiza-
conduction of an As-Is analysis, on the basis of which it
tions to analyze and assess themselves, on their way to
is possible to develop aims and activities to advance the
an intercultural opening.
intercultural opening of youth organizations in sport.
This tool enables all member organizations of sport as
Consequently, the present intercultural self-check has al-
well as institutions outside sport, organizations and
ways to be seen in the context of a more comprehensive
clubs which are involved in strong networks of coopera-
program of intervention. On the lines of the method of
tion with sport, to adapt the intercultural self-check to
five or, respectively, six steps used in the fields of gender
their own structures. It is intended to encourage them
mainstreaming and diversity management, five steps
to identify toe-holds of intercultural opening in their
were identified for the implementation of intercultural
respective organization. The enhancement of diversity
opening. The intercultural self-check is the first step of
and the recognition of differences is the main goal of
the procedure, as described in the following.
this concept. Intercultural opening is aimed at mutual
acknowledgment and appreciation, the understanding
1. Identifying the current state
of cultural diversity as an enrichment and a possibility of
What is the intercultural situation of the organization?
structural participation and cooperation, too.
I Carry out an intercultural self-check
Intercultural self-check – an instrument
of an As-Is analysis
I Look for explanations of the results
I Identify existing measures and assess them
achieved and time schedule to be adhered to
ancies in the perception of the theme. In such a case, it
The questions of the intercultural self-check may serve
gets. The following questions regarding ratings may be
answered by individuals or by a group of persons.
Intercultural self-check: the implementation
Structures of the youth organization in sport 1
cultural opening? How can the organization contribute
a template of the intercultural self-check of children and
to the strategy of the society as a whole to achieve
youth work in sport. The dsj working group on equal
intercultural opening?
Bodies of the organization
opportunities adapted the template to the specific condi-
I Find new target groups
I Describe starting points
I Formulate targets
4. People with a migratory background cooperate in
the different bodies.
and initiate measures to reach intercultural opening.
How can we enhance cultural diversity? How can we
The dsj brochure on “Intercultural Opening in Organized
translate the plan into individual measures?
Sport of Children and Young People” can be downloaded
free of charge from the dsj website (www.dsj.de) by clicking on the button “Publication“. You
I Develop measures and assess them
I Determine the time schedule
may also order it directly at the dsj.
4. Implementing the measures
The following explanations are com-
How significant are the measures in relation to
pletely extracted from the above-
the overall concept of intercultural opening?
mentioned brochure.
I Keep track of the aims and targets
150 I
does not
apply
no
opinion
2. The members of the executive committee are of
different national and/or cultural backgrounds.
Rhine-Westphalia) (see: http://www.ljr-nrw.de) served as
3. Preparing a plan
partly
applies
Executive Committee
In which way does the organization benefit from inter-
opening, by means of which it is possible to define aims
largely
applies
1. The youth organization reaches many participants
with a migratory background in its events. 2
(regional confederation of youth organizations of North-
in a method consisting of 5 steps to achieve intercultural
fully
applies
Participants / Volunteers
2. Defining aims
Additionally, the intercultural self-check was embedded
might be interesting to go on debating the matter.
as a means of orientation when you formulate your tar-
The intercultural self-check of the Landesjugendring NRW
tions of organized sport of children and young people.
interpretations of the questions are also hints of discrep-
3. There are concepts to systematically promote the
work, at executive committee level, of persons with
a migratory background.
5. When meetings and other events are scheduled,
the cultural and religion-related requirements (such
as religious or cultural holidays, food) of persons
with a migratory background are taken into consideration.
Optional:
Full-time employees 3
6. Persons with a migratory background are
represented among the staff members who work
as volunteers.
I 151
Structures of the youth organization in sport
fully
applies
largely
applies
partly
applies
does not
apply
no
opinion
Optional:
Full-time employees 3
Policy of the youth organization in sport with
respect to the development of associations
fully
applies
largely
applies
partly
applies
does not
apply
no
opinion
Political key objective
1. The theme of intercultural opening is discussed in
the organization.
7. Persons with a migratory background are represented among the staff members who work full-time or
part-time.
2. The concept of intercultural opening is taken into
account when important decisions are made.
8. Persons with migratory background are
represented in executive positions.
9. At regular intervals, the staff member provide an
input of intercultural topics for the organization.
3. Intercultural opening is firmly positioned in the
organization (key objective, statutes and articles,
self-conception.
Forms of cooperation and networks
at organizational level
4. The personal responsibility for the subject of intercultural opening is clearly determined.
10. There exist contacts with self-organizations of
migrants.
5. A body of the organization gets involved in the
theme of intercultural opening.
11. There already exist selective forms of cooperation
or, respectively, projects with self-organizations of
migrants.
6. Sufficient budgetary funds are made available for
intercultural work.
Personnel policy
12. There are forms of cooperation (e.g. projects,
working teams) with self-organizations of migrants
on a sustained basis.
7. In job descriptions the request for intercultural
competence is clearly pointed out.
Member organizations
8. In job descriptions the wish to increase the rate of
male and female staff members with a migratory
background is clearly pointed out.
13. Sports clubs which are organized on the basis of
multicultural and/or ethnic origin, are member
organizations of the association.
Quality management
14. There are coordinated concepts to promote the
membership of sports clubs which are organized
on the basis of multicultural and/or ethnic origin.
9. Intercultural opening and intercultural competence
are quality features.
Structure of results concerning the youth
organization in sport
(please add up figures)
1
Youth organizations of the national federations, youth organizations of the associations with special tasks and the youth organizations of the regional sports confederations.
2
The following figures may be interesting, by way of comparison: In
Germany, 18.6 % of the population are of a migratory background,
among children, adolescents and young adults below 25 years of
age the corresponding rate amounts to one in four (see BMFSFJ
152 I
2008: page. 22). At the same time, the rate of persons with a migratory background is very divergent on the regional level. In this
respect, on page 36, the publication of the BMFSFJ of 2008 gives a
survey of the urban municipalities and counties, illustrating quite
well the respective rates in the individual German federal states.
3
10. There are well-defined targets for the implementation of intercultural opening at the organizational
level (e.g. by way of inclusion in the key objective
of the organization).
Youth organizations without full-time and/or part-time staff members are requested to leave the respective spaces blank.
I 153
Policy of the youth organization in sport with
respect to the development of associations
11. There are well-defined targets for the implementation of intercultural opening at the level of
human resources development (e.g. recruitment
and retention of volunteers and full-time staff
members with a migratory background).
12. There are well-defined targets for the implementation of intercultural opening at the technicalfunctional level of programs and projects (e.g. in
concepts and offers).
13. There are well-defined targets for the implementation of intercultural opening at the level of
sports clubs.
14. There is a system of aim-achievement control
which assesses the results in the field of intercultural opening (target-performance comparison)
Training and Advanced Training
fully
applies
largely
applies
partly
applies
does not
apply
no
opinion
Public relations of the youth organization
in sport
fully
applies
largely
applies
partly
applies
does not
apply
no
opinion
Information material / self-portrayal
1. The organization intentionally portrays itself in
public as intercultural.
2. The information material on the organization (key
objective, statutes and articles, etc.) are published
in a number of different languages.
3. The visual presentation of the organization
underlines the diversity of the target groups.
4. In public relations, the organization specially
addresses people with a migratory background,
as well.
The results of public relations of
the youth organization in sport
15. The subject of intercultural opening is regularly
addressed in the events.
16. The youth organization holds training courses and
seminars on intercultural issues at regular intervals.
17. Intercultural opening is firmly established in the
concepts of training and advanced training (e.g.
training of youth instructors according to the
general guidelines of education).
18. The participation of staff members in advanced
training courses on intercultural topics (e.g. intercultural opening, anti-racism, anti-discrimination,
etc.) is explicitly desired and promoted.
The results of the policy of the youth
organization in sport with respect to the
development of associations
154 I
I 155
Offers and activities of the youth organization in sport: recreation, training and group
courses, holiday camps
Planning and conceptual design
1. In the planning of programs, cultural and/or
religion-related differences are taken into consideration (food, accommodation, program development,
scheduling, timetable, etc.).
fully
applies
largely
applies
partly
applies
does not
apply
no
opinion
Total results
(please enter the score achieved)
fully
applies
largely
applies
partly
applies
does not
apply
no
opinion
The results related to the structures
of the youth organization in sport
The results related to the policy of the
youth organization in sport with respect
to the development of associations
2. Intercultural issues play an important role in
conceptual and pedagogical considerations.
The results related to public relations of
the youth organization in sport
3. Programs are devised in a way that makes it
easy for children and young people to participate
(program formats, participation fees).
The results related to the offers and activities
of the youth organization in sport
Participation and advertising
Total result of all areas
(please add up the respective figures)
4. Many children and young people with a migratory
background participate in the programs offered.
5. The announcement and invitation to participate
in the program is also addressed to children and
young people with a migratory background.
Intercultural self-check: the evaluation
Once the evaluation of an intercultural self-check and
As many people as possible should be taken along
the subsequent discussion of the results have been
on the way to intercultural opening. It is desirable to
concluded, the first step of an As-Is analysis is accom-
get persons with or without a migratory background
plished. Thereafter, it is essential to identify existing
involved in the process in order to include multifarious
measures of the youth organization which already con-
perspectives. In this way, intercultural opening makes
tribute to intercultural opening. Starting from this basis,
a contribution to achieve that organized children and
we need to identify targets, assess existing measures
youth sport utilizes its potential much better than be-
and, as the case may be, modify them, devise and imple-
fore, opens new possibilities of access to its structures
ment new approaches and, finally, to measure the suc-
and promotes the participation and cooperation of all
cess, evaluating the results achieved in comparison with
people even more vigorously. The dsj supports an inter-
The results of public relations in
the youth organization of sport
the aims previously defined (see intercultural self-check:
cultural opening of its member organizations by means
the procedure).
of making publications, counseling and networking
Intercultural opening is a process that requires curiosity,
Direction of the courses
6. The composition of the team of project leaders
is intercultural.
7. Persons with a migratory background work as
course instructors.
open-mindedness and persistence. Intercultural instruction courses represent a possibility to raise more inter-
offers available and by organizing, at regular intervals,
advanced training courses and events to deal with important partial aspects of the overall theme.
est and to give new impulses. They impart intercultural
competencies and may strengthen the willingness to look
into the subject of diversity in one's own organization.
156 I
I 157
I WordsofThanks
Advisory council of the project
I Ilse Ridder-Melchers
(DOSB Vice-President, responsible for women and
gender equality; direction)
I Dr. Petra Drohsel (Federal Ministry of Public Health)
I Romy Bartels (Federal Office for Migration and Refugees)
I Walter Schneeloch (DOSB Vice-President, in charge of
integration)
I Ingo-Rolf Weiss (Chairman of the German Sports Youth)
I Prof. Dr. Christa Kleindienst-Cachay (Scientist, University
Evaluation
I Prof. Dr. Heather Cameron (Scientist, Free University
of Berlin)
The evaluation of the entire project was accomplished by the Institute for Social Infrastructure at Frankfurt am Main
(www.isis-sozialforschung.de), with kind support by the Federal Ministry for Public Health.
I Representative of the Regional Sports Confederations:
Martina Spindler (LSB Lower Saxony)
I Representative of the National Federations:
Cornelia Straub (German Sport Dancing Federation)
I Representative of the Federations with Particular Tasks:
Elsbeth Beha (DJK Sport Federation)
I Verena Zschippang (Project leader, network project)
of Bielefeld)
The German Olympic Sports Confederation expresses its gratitude to all persons involved in the project. Special
The advisory council of the project met in the Selimiye Mosque at Niederkassel-Lüllsdorf on June 29, 2009. DITIB
thanks go to the participating federations, clubs and local groups and, in particular, to the female exercise instruc-
representatives organized a visit of the members present of the advisory council to the premises of the Mosque.
tors. They showed a tremendous commitment which went much beyond the implementation of the sports courses.
From left to right: Nevzat Cosgun (DITIB Head of Sport and Youth Department), Elsbeth Beha, Dr. Petra Drohsel,
Gratitude is also owed to all network and cooperation partners who were very active and contributed, together with
Prof. Dr. Heather Cameron (back row), Ilse Ridder-Melchers, Bekir Alboga (DITIB Head of Department),
us and our partner organizations, to the success of the network project throughout the whole federal territory.
Prof. Dr. Christa Kleindienst-Cachay (back row), Recep Acikgöz (Imam), Cornelia Straub, Martina Spindler,
Ramazan Elmas (Chairman of the DITIB Mosque at Niederkassel-Lüllsdorf)
We extend our thanks to the representatives of the advisory council of the project for their accompanying assistance.
Our gratitude equally goes to the Federal Ministry for Public Health for its financial support.
158 I
I 159
I 161
Imprint
Title:
DOSB network project “Physical Activity and Health – Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“
Editor:
German Olympic Sports Confederation I Central Department of Sport Development I Department of Equal Chances &
Diversity I Otto-Fleck-Schneise 12 I 60528 Frankfurt am Main I Tel. +49 (0) 69 / 67 00 361 I Fax. +49 (0) 69 / 67 00 1361
E-Mail: office@dosb.de I Download: www.integration-durch-sport.de
Editorial office:
Verena Zschippang I 1st circulation: 5,000 copies
Translation:
Marlis Rydzy-Götz, Dipl.-Dolmetscher
The texts of the examples of good practice are subject to the responsibility of the respective associations concerned.
Picture credit:
© LSB NRW: Erik Hinz / Andrea Bowinkelmann I DJJV, DLRG, DTB, LSV BW, SJ Berlin I HSB, LSB Niedersachsen,
LSVS, Sportjugend Hessen I Fotolia.com
Layout and production:
B2 Design I Nordring 82 a I 63067 Offenbach I info@b2design.info
“Trimmy, the well-known icon of the successful Trimm Dich-Kampagne (trim-your-fitness campaign)
of the seventies, has become (once again) the official DOSB mascot. The process of reactivation of
this special mascot is in full swing and shall be continuously expanded.
On his current face-book site, Trimmy already provides information on topical issues related to the most diverse
fields of sport. Moreover, he is on the road throughout the whole country as a 'walking act' in order to support the
activities of the DOSB and - with his likable air - to lend sport a face“.
www.trimmy.de I www.facebook.de/trimmy
162 I
Supported by:
The Network Project “Physical Activity and Health – Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“ was promoted thanks
to the financial support by the Federal Ministry for Public Health in the period from September 2008 to February 2011.
Translation supported by:
This documentation is submitted by:
Deutscher Olympischer SportBund I Otto-Fleck-Schneise 12 I D-60528 Frankfurt am Main
Tel. +49 (0) 69 / 67 00 0 I Fax +49 (0) 69 / 67 00 140 I www.dosb.de I E-Mail office@dosb.de
DOSB I Network Project “Physical Activity and Health – Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“
Network Project: “Physical Activity and Health – Motivating more Female Migrants for Sports“
DOSB I Women W in!
Project documentation and more

DOSB I Network Project - Integration durch Sport

Transcription

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