References

1
Cetacean Acoustic Survey
Observatories & Method
in Med. Sea and elsewhere...
Glotin Hervé & LSIS Dyni team
glotin@univ-tln.fr
2
Submarine acoustc
0
observatories
1
Crowdsourcing
CNRS IN2SI & INSB & INEE (SABIOD)
CNRS (INSU) = 68 years SR = 100 Hz, 2005 to 2015
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1
2
0
1
2
UTLN
UTLN
Vancouver
UTLN
UTLN
UTLN
Madagascar
UTLN
UTLN
UTLN
Réunion
UTLN
Nvelle Calédonie
Refined survey and identifications (Individual Signature)
JASON HYPERSOUND DAQ : 5 x 1 mHz x 16 bits
Axe Information UTLN
===> adapted for ultra high frequency biosonar, like for ZIPHIUS c. of Ligurian sea
Example of high resolution recording UTLN / Vancouver 2015
Project : Survey of Arctic Beluga Population
Acoustic sample of Beluga (500 kHz SR, 16 bits) recorded by UTLN in 2015
showing high frequency emissions (more than noticed in the bibliography...)
JASON for Inia g. in Amazonia
Sonar view... and recordings
Jason reveals ultra high biosonar...
Scalogram decomposition of Inia
Cetaceans in Med Sea
Description :

2e plus grand delphinidé après l'orque

Taille : jusqu’à 6 m

Poids : jusqu’à 3 tonnes

Longévité : 60 ans (mâles) à 80 ans
(femelles)
Alimentation :

calmars capturés à plus de 500 m de
profondeur
Répartition :

Au large des tombants

Groupes de plusieurs dizaines
d’individus.

Liens puissants unissant les membres
d’un groupe (à l’origine d’échouages de
masse)

En Méditerranée nord-ouest, les
effectifs sont estimés de 2 000 à 10 000
individus.

Son observation est régulière, surtout
l’été.
Le globicéphale noir
Long-finned pilot whale
Globicephala melas
Sounds emitted by Globi. m.
New non supervised HDP segmentation
(Bartcus et al. UTLN 2015)
Globi. m. => behavior
==> Our system clusters in 3 sound units the songs of the cetaceans => data mining...
Advanced Time-Freq. Decomposition : Chirplet
(here Globi. m.)
Chirp
Fourier
Stenella...
Description :

« écharpe » blanche de l'oeil à l'aileron

Taille:jusqu'à 2,2 m

Poids : une centaine de kilos

Longévité : 40 ans.
Alimentation :

variable selon l’endroit et la saison,

petits poissons (sardines et anchois)
Répartition :

Observations fréquentes au large des côtes,
tout au long de l’année..

Au delà de la zone côtière, c’est le dauphin le
plus abondant du Sanctuaire (entre 20 000 et 45
000 individus recensés).

Pour l’ensemble de la Méditerranée, on estime
la population à 250 000 individus.

Très sociable, on le rencontre fréquemment en
bandes de quelques dizaines d’individus (voire
parfois 100 individus).

Curieux, joueurs et acrobates, ils jouent
volontiers à l’étrave des bateaux. .
Le dauphin bleu et blanc
Striped dolphin
Stenella coeruleoalba
Sounds from Stenella
Stenella voicing auto-tracker
Stenella voicing auto-tracker
Stenella voicing auto-tracker
Dolphin's alphabet ?
Towards an eco-acoustic map for protection
Physeter macrocephalus / Cachalot
in NW Med Sea
Description

Le plus grand Prédateur de la planète

Taille : 18 m

Poids : 40 tonnes

Longévité : 80 ans

Tête imposante (1/3 corps)

Spermaceti -> sonar / flottabilité
Alimentation

Calmar géant

Gros poissons
Plongées

Durées de plus d'1h

Profondeur de plus de 2000 m
Répartition

Au large ou à l’aplomb du talus continental

Seul ou en petits groupes (maximum 5).

Groupes mère / nouveau-né observés en
Méditerranée à toutes les saisons.

Observation peu fréquente dans le Sanctuaire
Pelagos mais écoutes très fréquentes
Le cachalot
Sperm whale
Physeter macrocephalus
SABIOD BOMBYX Observatory – Univ. Toulon,
near Port Cros – 2014 – 2017...
Open to collaboration / experiments
Sounds of the cachalot
Sounds of the cachalot
June 2015 to july 2015 … bleu curve : Physeter index
Puig & Glotin, Sea Tech UTLN 2016
Long term
Staton Terre
monitoring
on
ANTARES neutrino
OBSERVATORY
2400m
12 lines
25 storeys / line
3 PMT / storey
40 km to
shore
450 m
Junction
box
60 m
Readout cables
0
1
1
1
2
0
1
2
Origin of the multi-pulse structure : multi-intra head acoustic paths...
spermacety
Junk
0
1
1
1
2
0
1
2
Origin of the different pulses : multi-intra head reflections
0
1
1
1
2
0
1
2
0
1
1
1
2
0
1
2
Inter Pulse Interval
Of multipulsed Physeter macrocephalus (cachalot) click:
P0
P1
P2
Here the
Inter Pulse Interval
= 4,5 ms
P3
0
1
1
1
2
0
1
2
SABIOD developed a robust &
fast automatc IPI estmator
0
1
1
1
Allometric rules on IPI => Sizes distributon
2
0
1
2
Youngs
and
Fem.
Big males
[ In Abeille, Glotn, Giraudet. IEEE OCOSS 2013, confrmed Pavan 2016 Plos One ]
Online monitoring of whales versus Marine trafc in Côte Azur
2008-17...
2013 Abeille Phd, Glotin - Coll G. Pavan
2014 Doh Phd, Glotin - Coll Adam
Variation of the detection in the day
4 months
resumed in one day
cycle
hours
one full day
FULL DAY2(by
bin per
of 2bin,
hours)
Glotin et al. 2015
MOON EFFECT
FULL MOON
Glotin et al. 2015
FULL
MOON
NEW MOON
NEW MOON
FAUNA monitoring into anthopic noises... here a boat
T
o
p
B
o
t
t
o
m
BOAT NOISE ( < 500 Hz) daily variation
Glotin et al. 2015
NOISE EFFECT
% detec.
Stenella
Physeter
Low noise
High noise
Astrophysics meets bioacoustcs
New algo on scaled 3D tracking
œ
NEMO
ONDE
NEXT NEMO
ONDE 2007
Array = Only 2 meters long
Acoustic module
Hydrophones
Once deployed on the sea floor
the frame was connected to the
optical cable by a ROV
(Remotely Operated Vehicle)
We thank INFN, NEMO,
Ricobenne and
G. Pavan for the record samples
LSIS results : 15 august 2005 15h00, Sicile Est :
2PC dive together from -400 m to -1000 m in 5 minutes
[ Benard Glotin Applied Acoustics 2011]
Demonstration on real data :
[ Patent Glotin et al. Multiple whale tracking USA patent 2013
Glotin et al. Whale Cocktail Party, Canac Acoustics, 2008
Bénard Glotin, Neutrino whale tracking, Applied Acoustics 2011 ]
Online demo at http://sabiod.org/tv
RANGE [ 500 to 5000 m] prec :15m
Multiple tracking of simultaneous clicking Physter (USA patent Glotin et al.)
Tracking on BOMBYX : Stereo to virtual 4D recordings
H4 virtual
H3 virtual
surface
H1 top
Bombyx
H2 bottom
SOURCE
Tracking with BOMBYX : Stereo recording + 2 virtual hydrophones
Gradient descend for 3D localisation
See the ambiguity due to the 2 virtual hydrophones of Bombyx
But the depth North of Bombyx allows to solve the exact position !
Ambiguity axis
3D localisation of Physeters
ONCET : a Real time 3D localisation to avoid boat collision
http://sabiod.univ-tln.fr/vamos
WIFI
WIFI
BOAT ROAD to corsica => yearly collisions Economical impact + ...
Projects (see http://sabiod.univ-tln.fr)
PACA Phd Grant with PME CESIGMA
Pelagos – PNPC 2009-2017
Berlin IZW & Total Fondation
FUI 22 : DCNS, IFREMER, LMA, GIPSA LAB, LSIS
Collab. with UMPC, St Andrew, Victoria Univ, Brisbane Univ, Pavia
Univ (Italy)
NEMO (Italy)
ANTARES
MEUST (FEDER project 2016) ?
PACA Phd Grant with Nortek MED ?
References
Rankin S. and Barlow J., « Source of the North Pacific “boing” sound attributed to minke whales », J. Acoust.
Soc. Am. 118-5, November 2005.


Olshausen B., Field D., Sparse coding of sensory inputs, in Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 14 :481-487, 2004.

Lewicki M., Efficient coding of natural sounds. Nat Neurosci, 5 :356-363, 2002.

Yuanqing Lin, L1-Norm sparse bayesian learning, PhD univ. of Pennsylvania, 2008.
Federica Pace, Fréderic Benard, Hervé Glotin, Olivier Adam, Paul White, "Subunit definition and analysis for
humpback whale call classification", Applied acoustics, 71 2010, p 1107-1112


Payne, R.S. and S. McVay, Songs of Humpback Whales. Science, 1971. 173(3997): p. 585-597
Mercado III, E. and A. Kuh. Classification of humpback whale vocalizations using a self-organizing neural
network. in IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence. 1998.

Rickwood, P. and A. Taylor, Methods for automatically analyzing humpback song units. The Journal of the
Acoustical Society of America, 2008. 123(3): p. 1763-1772

.
References
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A. Joly, … H. Glotin, MTAP to appear, « Multimodal Bird species recognition »
Dugan, Le Cun, Glotin, Denise, Clarck, « Whale Big data detection », ICMLulb 2014,
on Archive in nov. 2014
Pavan, … H. Glotin, SABIOD Italy report, Nov 2014
Lellouch L, Pavoine S, Jiguet F, Glotin H, Sueur J - Monitoring temporal change of bird communities
with dissimilarity acoustic indices. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, ACCEPTED.
Glotin H., Razik J., Paris S., Adam O., Doh Y. Whale songs classification using sparse coding,
NIPS4B 2013, in submission to PlosOne
Abeille, Glotin, Giraudet, Pavan, 'Robust Multipulse biosonar decomposition, application to whale
biopopulation', submitted to PLOS ONE
Doh, Razik, Paris, Adam, Glotin, "Décomposition parcimonieuse des chants de cétacés pour leur
suivi" in : Traitement du Signal, Lavoisier Ed, 2013, Ed sp. Serenade 2012
Glotin, Artières, Mallat, Lecun et al. 'NIPS for Bioacoustics' Proceedings of int. Workshop NIPS4B,
255 pages, 2013 http://sabiod.org/NIPS4B2013_book.pdf
Glotin, Clark, LeCun et al, 'Int. Conf. Machine Learning ICML, ICML for Bioacoustics, 100p, 2013
http://sabiod.org/ICML4B2013_book.pdf
References
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Glotin H., F. Bénard, P. Giraudet, Whale Cocktail Party : a Real Time tracking of multiple whales. Canadian Acoustics Int. Journal,
Vol. 36, p. 139-145, Mar 2008.
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Giraudet P., H. Glotin Real-time 3D tracking of whales by echo-robust precise TDOA estimates with a widely-spaced hydrophone
array. Int. Jour. Applied Acoustics, Elsevier Ed., Vol. 67, Issues 11-12, pp 1106-1117, Nov. 2006.
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Bénard, F, Glotin, H, Giraudet, P : Highly defined whale group tracking by passive acoustic Stochastic Matched Filter. Advances in
Sound Localization Online Intech Book 2011 : http://www.intechopen.com/articles/show/title/highly-defined-whale-group-trackingby-passive-acoustic-stochastic-matched-filter
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Bénard F., GLOTIN, CASTELLOTE, LARAN, LAMMERS "Passive acoustic monitoring in the Ligurian Sea" , 4th International
Workshop on Detection, Classification and Localization of Marine Mammals using Passive Acoustics, 2009
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Bénard, H. Glotin, GIRAUDET P. "Whale 3D monitoring using astrophysic NEMO ONDE two meters wide platform with state
optimal filtering by Rao-Blackwell Monte Carlo data association" , in : Journal of Applied Acoustics, Vol. 71 (2010), pp. 994999, nov 2010
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Bénard, H. Glotin, "Automatic indexing and content analysis of whale recordings and XML representation" , in : EURASIP Special
Issue, Advances in Signal Processing for Maritime Applications, Vol. 2010 (2010), pp. 8, 2010
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Bénard, H. Glotin, "WHALES LOCALIZATION USING a LARGE HYDROPHONE ARRAY: PERFORMANCE RELATIVE to
CRAMER-RAO BOUNDS and CONFIDENCE REGIONS" , in : Springer-Verlag, e-Business and Telecommunications, sep 2009
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PACE F.,BENARD F., GLOTIN H., ADAM O. ,WHITE P. "Automatic clustering of humpback whale songs for subunits sequence
analyses" in Internat. Journal of Applied Acoustics, 2010
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GLOTIN H., GIRAUDET P., CAUDAL F., BREVET international : Procédé de trajectographie en temps réel de plusieurs cétacés
par acoustique passive, institut National de la Propriété Intellectuelle, INPI, 2007. numéro 07/06162, étendu PCT 2009 USA,
Canada, Australie, Nouvelle Zeeland, Europe.
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Laran S., M. Castellote, F. Caudal, A. Monnin & H. Glotin, Suivi par acoustique passive des cétacés au nord du sanctuaire. Rapport
de recherche du Parc National de Port Cros, 2009, 80 p
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Lelandais, F. Glotin, H., “Mallat's Matching Pursuit of sperm whale clicks in real-time using Daubechies 15 wavelets”, in: New
Trends for Environmental Monitoring Using Passive Systems, 2008 ISBN: 978-1-4244-2815-1,DOI
10.1109/PASSIVE.2008.4786977