Challenge to the Next Generation Network

The Role of Optical Communications Technology
with Future Prospect in Broadband Networks
25th Octobre, 2007
Terumi Chikama
Fujitsu Limited
Corporate Senior Vice President
Today’s Topics
„ Future Social Infrastructure & Role of
Optical Communication Technology
„ Challenge to the Next Generation Network
„ Future Prospect for Photonic Technology
„ Summary
2
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High Definition Live Broadcasting
Realising Live Broadcasting with H.264 Video Codec System
Video Storage Server
Broadband
4Mbps~20Mbps
Video Streaming Network
H.264 Encoder
H.264 Decoder
HDTV
「Share Live Experience of Worldwide Sports Programme at Your Living Room」
Future Social Infrastructure & Role of Optical Communication Technology
3
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Total Traffic Estimated in Japan
＜Internet Traffic estimated in Major IX＞
＜Trend on Download Traffic＞
Total Download
traffic of
Broadband
subscribers
1.4 times
Overseas ISP
71Gbps
ス
ー
レ
プ
リ
図
この
Total Traffic of
Broadband
subscribers in
6 ISPs
(Ref.) Peak Traffic
exchanged in
Major IXs
Total Traffic
exchanged in
Major IXs
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Source：MIC Japan, August Report in 2007
Future Social Infrastructure & Role of Optical Communication Technology
116Gbps
Domestic ISP
306Gbps
217Gbps
BB User
Total Traffic
exchanged in
6 ISPs
4
Traffic increased by
Video Download from
Overseas servers
Note: Mean Value
in month
Traffic Majority
occupied by Video
Download of Domestic
subscriber
(1.7 times against
year 2006）
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Traffic Contents Dramatically Changed
Decrease Voice & Date traffic
K Subs.
Increase Video Contents
No. of Subs. for Video Contents Service
in Japan
25,000
15,000
10,000
YouTube
Usen Gyao
0
FiOS TV
FiOS Internet
０６．10-12
05
0 5 .8
.1
05 0
.12
06
.2
06
.4
06
.6
06
0 6 .8
.1
06 0
.12
07
.2
Source：MIC News Release in 2006
K. Subs.
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
20,000
5,000
No.of Subs. for Verizon FiOS Service
０７．1-3
（０７．4-6）
( ）Estimated
Source：NetRating Press Release &
USEN News Release
Source：Denpa News, Aug
2007
＜Recent Topics of Communication Network Traffic＞
・P2P application becomes dominant traffic over IP network
・Video streaming web site is dramatically increased
・Moving picture file takes 61% share in P2P traffic
Future Social Infrastructure & Role of Optical Communication Technology
5
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Use contents & Enjoy your new Experience
Enjoy HDTV
programme
Phone
AV System
Enjoying Your New Experience
with stress free access
Tomorrow’s
Communication Network
New Functioned
TV with Media
Controller
Distant
Learning
Home
Network
Home Security
Health care
at Home
Home
control
Terminal
・Available large capacity memory
chip
・High capacity access available
with broadband service
・Extend your choice of experience for both
real time video and HDD DVD recording
・Increasing various access terminals available,
new experience will come true via home
network to outside
Future Social Infrastructure & Role of Optical Communication Technology
6
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Number of Items connected.・・・・
All goods (trillions+)
Pallets/cases (hundreds of billions)
Home appliances (tens of billions)
Machinery (billions)
Automobiles (hundreds of millions)
Mobile phones (tens of millions)
Computers
10
12
10
11
10
10
9
10 10
8
Current
Range
IP-connected Devices
Future Social Infrastructure & Role of Optical Communication Technology
10
7
7
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Network will change our Sense of Value
„ Network is becoming an inevitable element in Social life.
(Ubiquitous Society)
z
z
z
z
Borderless network infrastructure is changing our life style.
Retailing/distribution evolution with IC tag etc is on-going.
Electric money is revolving the way of payment.
New interactive/ intelligent media are prevailing.
„ New issues; Digital Barrier, Divide, Literacy
z
z
z
z
New generation grown with TV game, mobile phone and computer are
becoming the core of society.
Population concentration to metropolitan area and 3rd industry
employment extending will generate a social gap.
On-going elderly and fewer children society (in Japan)
Cyber crime is becoming a critical social issues.
„ Total social activity is linking to earth environmental issue.
（Less CO2, Less Paper, Recycle）
“It is now,
Re-examining social value domain in next 10 years”
Future Social Infrastructure & Role of Optical Communication Technology
8
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Challenge to New Valued Society
Generate New way of
Use by people
How to Manage both Traffic
capacity increase and Traffic
pattern change continuously
Increase Number and
Variety of Goods for
connecting
Change Information
Owner between Sender
and Recipient
How to improve Safety issue
(Robustness/ Low Environment
Loading) as a Social
Infrastructure
Infrastructure realising
for Ubiquitous Society
9
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Evolution Scenario toward Future Network
Years
2005
Information
Technology
2010
Broadcasting
Technology
2015
Home Appliance
Home Network
Telecommunication
Technology
Broadband/ Mobile
Optical
SW
Development for Node system
at Several Tbps
Photonic Optical
Trans. Trans.
Commercial service for DWDM
& 40Gbps Interface
Optical
Access
Mobile
Phone
Wireless/
Mobile
Mobile
Commercial service for ADSL
& PON system at 1Gbps
Wide Deployment for
3G(WCDMA/EVDO)
Network suitable for Human
& Environment
ALL IP/ Convergence
・Optical RAM for
Optical packet router
・All Optical packet processing
router
・Optical Transmission at
100Tbps class
・Commercial service for several
100Tbps optical access
・PON technology at 10Gbps
& Standard
・10Gbps class PON deployment
・FMC Deployment,S-3G
4G system Standard
･Commercial 4G system
with IP core Network
Commercial service for WiMAX ・High speed data for Mobile
BB Access at several 10Mbps
(for auto mobile use)
IP
Network
VoIP
Quality service same as
Fixed Tel.
NW
Fixed/ Mobile converged
Evolution IP core Network
・HDTV Broadcasting
・Carrier QoS for video
distribution
・IMS service platform
・X-aware technology
・High speed data for Mobile
(for Bullet train use)
・4K Cinema Broadcasting
・Policy SW technology
・X-aware technology
Deployment
Next
Next Generation
Generation Network
Network
Challenge to the Next Generation Network
10
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Expectation for NGN
NGN will Play a Major Role in Tomorrow’s Network
Carriers
z Consolidation of existing services over IP network
z FMC (Fixed Mobile Convergence) and Triple-play service
z Open Service Platform generating new revenue stream
Enterprises
z Secure, safe and dependable network
z Common platform and portability of applications for devising
new applications for and uses of the network
z Less dependency on the network in application development
Fixed
Fixed
phone
phone
PSTN/
PSTN/
ISDN
ISDN
Network
Network
Internet
Internet
Mobile
Mobile
phone
phone
Voice Internet Video
NGN
Internet
Internet
Network
Network
Mobile
Mobile
Network
Network
MultiMedia
IP Platform
Fixed & Mobile Access
Horizontal common use
Challenge to the Next Generation Network
11
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Reality of the Networks
Carriers Take Different Routes to Tomorrow’s Network
NTT-G
KDDI
z Simultaneous Deployment of FTTH and IP
Telephony
(30 million subscribers by year 2010)
z Fixed, Mobile and Broadcast Convergence (FMBC)
Centering on “au”
Verizon
z Retention and Takeover of Subscribers against
AT&T
MSOs by Broadband (FTTx) and “Quadruple Play”
BT
z Rebuild of PSTN and Cost Reduction by IP
(BT21CN)
z New Wave (Managed ICT) Service
Challenge to the Next Generation Network
12
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Tomorrow’s Network Will …
z Migrate from Existing Networks
z Comprises of Heterogeneous Interacting Networks
Tomorrow’s
Network
Today’s Network
the Internet
the Internet
2G/3G
PSTN
Mobile Network
Optical
Broadband
PSTN
NGN
(ITU-T)
Optical
Broadband
Wireless
Broadband
Beyond 3G
Mobile Network
• Connectable whenever,
wherever and whatever
• Accessible to variety of
the services
Challenge to the Next Generation Network
13
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Fujitsu Contributes in …
“Building the Network” and “Creating New Business Flows”
Contents, Application, Enterprise Services
ISP
ASP
FENICS* ・・・
Service Platform
Building
the Network
Core Network
Routers
Optical Transmission
Access Network
Creating
New
Business
Flows
Carrier NGN
Mobile
Terminal
Home
Network
Enterprise
Network
*FENICS: Fujitsu Enhanced Information and Communication Services
Challenge to the Next Generation Network
14
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Persistently Challenge for Capacity
What is Next to High speed & Multi-wave？
Source: Modified from documents of MIC, Prof.Miki in Electric Comm. Univ.
1P
100T
273CH
1000CH
Bit rate (bps)
10T
D
&
R
DM
W10CH
100G
10G
l
ia
128CH
（2bits/Hz）
128CH×10G
c
er
32CH×10G
m M
m
D
Co W 16CH×2.5G
DM F-10G
T
l
ia
4CH×2.5G
erc
m
C om
F-2.5G
1G
F-1.6G
F-400M
100M
1M
（3.2bits/Hz）
14Tb/s
1T
10M
25Tb/s
F-100M
F-32M
3CH
1975
1980
Long
Distance
Challenge to the Next Generation Network
2CH×
150M
2CH×6.3M
1990
1985
High Speed
New Turning
Point
Capacity increased
dramatically beyond
TDM
Year
1995
2000
2005
2010 2015
Large Capacity
New Domain
15
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Challenge to New Value Creation
From Amount 「Long Distance/High Capacity」 to
Efficient Networking for New Value Creation
New Value Dimension
Networking/Control Flexibility
High Density/ Lower Power Consumption
New Value Domain
Optical
Regeneration
Value Domain
until Today
Large
Capacity
Ultra-high Speed
Narrow
Bandwidth
Long Distance
16
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New Value Dimension in Optical Node Convergence
Persistently to provide current services,
Effectively to improve investment and Operation
Current
Exhibited
FLASHWAVE 7500
WDM
WDM ＊
FW7500
WDM
＊＊
WDM
（40λ,
8-ways）
（40λ,
8-ways）
*Electrical X-connect System
with Optical interface
**All Optical SW Unit
Wavelength Selectable SW
z Decrease cost for Initial investment & NW reconfiguration
by all optical X-connect function**
z Short time operation against sharp demand for expansion
& reconfiguration
Challenge to the Next Generation Network
17
FW7500
Next Generation
DWDM Platform
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New Value Dimension in System Convergence
Persistently to provide current services,
Effectively to improve investment and Operation
Multi-Layer
Convergence
Ethernet
SONET/SDH
WDM
L2:Data Link
L1:Physical
Transport
L0:Fiber
z Multi-Layer Convergence
z Scalable deployment suitable for functional
allocation against aggressive network reconfiguration
Challenge to the Next Generation Network
18
FLASHWAVE 9500
Packet Optical
Networking Platform
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New Value Dimension in Optical Access Application
Bandwidth
Gbps
100
Technology Evolution
Application for New Domain
High Speed/Wideband
Service Oriented
High Speed Mobile/ Wideband
Extended to Optical Access
Next Generation
Access Technology
10
10G-MC
1.0
G-MC
Photonic IP NW
XG-PON
WDM-PON
Exhibited
Fixed Access NW
・
th
G-PON
g
en y
GE-PON
el rla
v
e
a
W Ov
MC
PON
B-PON
0.1
Ap
New ply to
Dom
ain
Optical/Wireles
s
Access
NW
PON
WiMAX
STM-PON
3G
Years
4G
Mobile
High speed
Internet
Mobile/ Internet FMC service
2000
Voice
ISDN
2005
2010
2015~
Video
BroadCinema Media
Band
etc.
Challenge to the Next Generation Network
19
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> 10 Tbit/s
1 - 10 Tbit/s
Flexibility in wavelength
Roadmap of Optical Communications Technology
z
z GMPLS
GMPLS signaling
signaling &
&
protection
protection
z
z Wavelength
Wavelength
selective
selective switch
switch
z
z Fullband
Fullband tunable
tunable LD/
LD/
Transceiver
module
Transceiver module
z
z Variable
Variable dispersion
dispersion
compensation
compensation
z
z PON(～Gb/s)
PON(～Gb/s)
・ Optical ADM(OADM)
・ Ring
z
z Multi-layer
Multi-layer convergence
convergence
of
of network
network equipment
equipment
z
z 40G,
40G, Coherent
Coherent
technology
technology
z
z Quantum-dot-based
Quantum-dot-based
LD/SOA
LD/SOA
z
z Optical
Optical wiring/
wiring/
interconnection
interconnection
λ1 λ3
λ3
λ2
z
z Optical
Optical packet
packet routing
routing
z
z Fast
Fast tunable
tunable LD
LD
z
z All-optical
All-optical 2R/3R,
2R/3R,
Wavelength
Wavelength
conversion
conversion
z
z Next-generation
Next-generation PON
PON
(10G/WDM)
(10G/WDM)
z
z Quantum
Quantum opt.
opt. comm.
comm.
・ Optical crossconnect(OXC)
・ Mesh
• Expansion of metro WDM • Widespread of FTTX
• Spread of FTTX
• Construction of IP-based
network infrastructure
～ 2006
λ1 λ2
2007 ～ 2010
20
・ Optical packet switch
・ Optical processing of
routing
• Ubiquitous
communication
with optical and wireless
convergence
2011 ～
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40Gbps Technologies for Commercial System
＜40G DWDM System＞
Tx
Rx
Exhibited
Tx
Rx
LD
DCF
#1
LD
DCF
#1
Tx
Rx
LD
DCF
#1
VIPA-VDC
Rx
Tx
VIPA-VDC
Rx
Tx
VIPA-VDC
Rx
Tx
＜VIPA Variable Dispersion Compensator＞
＜40G RZ-DQPSK Transponder＞
Positive
Dispersion
VIPA Plate
Collimating
Lens
2.5G
Interface
Optical Transmission
....
Mux
Full Band
Tunable LD
LN mod.
(DQPSK)
LN mod.
(RZ)
Optical
Circulator
40Gbps
output
LN Driver
Negative
Dispersion
＜40G DQPSK LN modulator＞
Electrode
Inner MZI1
Demux
....
Clock and Data
Recovery
Opt.
Receiver
Optical Receiver
3D
Mirror
Line-Focusing Focusing
Lens
Lens
Waveguide
Output
Input
40Gbps
Input
Outer MZI
Monitor PD
Inner MZI2
21
I
I
Q
Q
DC bias2 π/2 shift bias
DC bias1
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Ultrahigh-Speed Optical Fiber Switch
- Collaboration with Heinrich-Hertz-Institute(HHI) Optical fiber
switch
HNLF
(50 m)
„ Full C-band amplified switch
C-band
Switched signal (λ S)
Pol.
Switch gain,G (dB)
Input signal (λ S)
（160 Gb/s, 100GbE, etc）
Exhibited
G
Control
source
Control light
HNLF : Highly nonlinear fiber
Pol. : Polarizer
„ Applications
„ Over Tb/s switching
25
20
Control power ~ 1 W
15
∼15 dB
„ Schematic
10
5
Output
Input
0
1520
„ Modulation format free
1530
1540
1550
1560
Signal wavelength, λS (nm)
1570
„ Switching gain attainable
„ No wavelength shift
Optical 2R regeneration
Optical demux and sampling
(Ultrahigh speed over Tb/s)
160-G OOK
10-6
Bit error rate
160 Gb/s
10-7
10-8
Optical node
320 Gb/s
640 Gb/s
10-9
Before 2R
After 2R
640-G OOK
10-10
160-G DPSK
10-11 100 Gb/s
10-12
-38 -36 -34 -32
160-G DPSK
2R : Reamplification and Reshaping
DPSK : Differential Phase Shift Keying
Received power (dBm)
22
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Tunable XFP using TDA-EML
･Optical-modulator integrated LD with the TDA-DFB laser：
･ Easy wavelength control by current injection in wavelength tuning region
･ Electro-Absorption modulator integrated laser
Exhibited
・ Compact laser source
Itune
Iact
ISOA
On/Off Signal
～
Gain
Tuning
TDA-DFB LD
SOA
EAM
SOA: Semiconductor Optical Amplifier
EAM: Electro-Absorption Modulator
Structure of TDA-EML
Wavelength Tuning
Characteristics
･Tunable XFP：
･Stable wavelength tunability for
4 wavelengths over 100 GHz
ITU-T grid
･10 Gbps good eye-opening after
80 km optical fiber transmission
Back to Back
After 80km
Transmission
Tunable XFP
TDA-EML: Tunable Distributed Amplification Electro absorption Modulated Laser
23
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Quantum-Dot-Based Photonic Devices
Quantum dot = nano-sized semiconductor particle
Quantum effect in quantum dot
Exhibited
Application to photonic devices
3rd dimension
2nd dimension
0th dimension
Bulk
Quantum well
Quantum dot
Quantum-dot laser
Temperature-insensitive operation
InAs
quantum dot
fine particle
(~0.01μm)
movable freely
photon
GaAs sub.
movable freely
on a plane surface
perfect confinement
電子が広いエネルギ－範囲に分布
電子が広いエネルギ－範囲に分布
電子が広いエネルギ－範囲に分布
電子が広いエネルギ－範囲に分布
電子が広いエネルギ－範囲に分布
電子が広いエネルギ－範囲に分布
電子が広いエネルギ－範囲に分布
電子が広いエネルギ－範囲に分布
Number of electrons
Number of electrons
Concentrated
in a energy level
Energy
Energy
Energy
Electrons with wide energy distribution
Quantum-dot SOA
Wide band and high output power
Number of electrons
InP sub.
24
InAs
quantum dot
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Ultrahigh-speed Optical Packet Switch System
for Petaflops Super Computer Interconnection
Computing Nodes
Electric
Switch
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
O/E
O/E
O/E
O/E
O/E
Merit 1: Reduce #
of Fiber by WDM
Optical Packet
Switch
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Electric
Cross-bar SW
E/O
E/O
E/O
E/O
E/O
Rx
RxRx
RxRx
RxRx
RxRx
Rx
RxRx
RxRx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Merit 2: Reduce # of
Switch, OE/EO module
Rx
Exhibited
Rx
Optical Packet SW
Wavelength
Multiplexer
Wavelength
Demultiplexer
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
„ Developed technologies such as high-saturation output power SOA fabrication and
its nanosecond-order switching are going to be applied to WAN, LAN, SAN, etc.
25
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Single-photon Source for Quantum Cryptography
Telecommunication technology using single photon
that cannot be wiretapped
Exhibited
state change
・ Quantum Cryptography
Eve
Bob
分岐は不可能
splitting
is impossible.
Alice
single photon
detection
only 横取りのみ可能
intercepting.
encode information
in the single photon
detect
盗聴検知
tapping
check by classical channel
Because
copy/splitting/error-less observation of the single
単一光子の分岐・複製・誤りの無い観測は不可能であるため、
photon are impossible, we can detect the trace of tapping.
盗聴した形跡を検出することができる。
・ A semiconductor quantum dot is promising for the
single photon source.
・New structure (Horn structure) enables high speed
operation.
Horn structure : Structure to condense light
efficiently by a principle like the parabolic antenna.
26
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Summary
„ Technology widely applying into Life Style
and Social Activities
„ Role of Technology Evolution under
innovation and spread in Popular
toward 「New Value Creation」
„ Technology Innovation is Persistently
Evolving
Summary
27
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28
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