Financing Public Transport

UITP International
Seminar on the Renewal of
Public Transport Bus Fleets
Skopje
16 - 17 September 2012
Financing Public Transport The Example of Belgrade
Doc. Dr Slaven M. TICA, T.E.
Honorary Vice President of UITP
Dr Slaven M. TICA, T.E. | University of Belgrade - Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 305
11000 Belgrade, SERBIA | Phone: +381 11 3091 346; +381 64 880 2000 | tice@eunet.rs | slaven.tica@sf.bg.ac.rs
Vicious
circle
- More private cars
- More congestion
- Slower PT system
-
Lower PT quality
Less PT customers
Lower PT revenue
A higher level of subsidy
- Urban sprawel
- More people dependent
on car use
- More roads
- Decrease in PT supply
- Inner cities are less
attractive
- Transfer of activities
to the outskirts
Source: UITP and TICA S.
LetꞋs
break out
of the
vicious
circle
- More private cars
- More congestion
- Slower PT system
-
Lower PT quality
Less PT customers
Lower PT revenue
A higher level of subsidy
- Urban sprawel
- More people dependent
on car use
- More roads
- Decrease in PT supply
- Inner cities are less
attractive
- Transfer of activities
to the outskirts
- Less car traffic
- Less congestion
- Creating a balanced urban
transportation system
- Possibly more funds for PT
- Urban sprawl under
control
- More attractive cities
and city centres
- More efficient use of road
infrastructure
- Higher individual transport
costs for car users
- Commercial speed of PT
system increases
- More cost-efficient PT
operation
- Beter quality for passengers
Source: UITP and TICA S.
- More Customer
Satisfaction Index
- More PT customers
- More PT revenue
HIGER QUALITY
OF URBAN LIFE
SUSTAINABLE
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
- Less subsidies needed
- PT more market oriented
- More PT independence
Key
Topics
•
Vision, Mission and Goals of the PT System,
•
Transport Market,
•
Organization and Management,
•
PT Revenue,
•
Tariff System and Fare Collection System,
•
Quality of Service,
•
Efficiency and Effectiveness, etc…
Operators
and number
of vehicles
in Belgrade
SUBURBAN RAIL
BEOVOZ (PUBLIC COMPANY),
MINI BUS
10
PRIVATE COMPANIES,
60
143
SP “LASTA” (PUBLIC COMPANY)
SUBURBAN BUS
PRIVATE COMPANIES,
CITY BUS
407
GSP “BELGRADE” (PUBLIC COMPANY))
CITY BUS
GSP “BELGRADE” (PUBLIC COMPANY)
TROLLEYBUS
97
GSP “BELGRADE” (PUBLIC COMPANY)
TRAMWAY
0
100
200
300
121
400
500
600
700
800
685
Number of
transported
passengers
(milion)
passenger / year
1000.0
Modal Split - 2010
900.0
819
800.0
TRAMWAY
15 %
684
700.0
634
653
619
600.0
TBUS 8 %
500.0
424
400.0
BUS
77 %
339
300.0
264
200.0
1960
1970
1980
Source: Statistical Yearbook of Belgrade
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
Number of
transported
passengers
passenger /day
SUBURBAN RAIL
1.21%
SUBURBAN BUS
8.23%
TRAMWAY
15.23%
MINIBUS
0.1%
TROLLEY BUS
8.73%
CITY BUS
(PRIVATE OPERATORS)
20.42%
CITY BUS
(GSP “BELGRADE”)
46.14%
Operation
work
(milion)
vehicle km / year
160.0
142.20
140.0
Modal Split - 2010
139.90
130.80
132.80
120.0
TRAMWAY
8,8 % TBUS
4,4 %
100.0
98.20
80.0
60.0
56.10
54.80
40.0
BUS
86,7 %
29.70
20.0
1960
1970
1980
Source: Statistical Yearbook of Belgrade
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
Operating
speed
50
40.00 km/h
40
32.80 km/h
30
13.38 km/h
20
24.50 km/h
19.43 km/h
10
12.30 km/h
0
TROLLEYBUS
TRAMWAY
CITY BUS
MINI BUS
SUBURBAN BUS
SUBURBAN RAIL
Vision
Mision
Goals
Vision:
Vision of the urban public transport of passengers should
include strategic choices and values ​that define the view
of the purpose and mode of existence of the system.
Mission:
The mission of the public urban passenger transport
should define the reasons and purpose of the system.
Mission statements should be current and future business
and operations of the system.
Goals:
Maximum level of quality of produced transport services
for a defined level of costs, with maximum efficiency and
effectiveness of the system of minimum negative impact
on the environment.
Transport
Market
The
Transport
Market
in Belgrade
Welcome to the city of future of south Europe
General
information
Coordinates:
44O49’14’’
20O27’44’’
116,75 m
north latitude
east longitude
elevation
Number of inhabitants:
1.576.124
1.273.651
urban and suburban area
urban area
Area:
322.268 ha
Public transport service operates on continualy built area of 10 urban
and 7 suburban municipalities in 52 urban units which cover area of
322.268 ha.
Modal
Split
On weekday about 1.6 million
passengers are transported in PT
Bicycle Motorcycle
0,10% Ostalo
0,55%
0.53%
Private car
21,55%
Public
transport
52.86%
Walking
24,41%
Organizational
Model
CITY GOVERMENT
(C G)
DIRECTORATE
FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORT
(D P T)
TYPE
Political
body
Expert”s
body
RELATIONS
Under
democratic
control
THE SCOPE
OF SERVICE
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
SUBSYSTEMS
OPERATORS
All companies
BUS TRANSPORT
COMPANIES
(B T C)
Public
Private
companies companies
Urban and
suburban
area
BUS
SUBSYSTEM
GSP
“BEOGRAD”
BUS AND
MINIBUS
SUBSYSTEMS
MORE
PRIVATE
COMPANY
COMPANIES USING
THE ELECTRICAL NETWORK
(C E N)
Public
companies
Urban and
suburban
area
TROLLEYBUS
SUBSYSTEM
RAIL SUBSYSTEMS
(TRAMWAY & SUBURBAN RAIL)
GSP “BEOGRAD”
&
BEOVOZ
FARE COLLECTION
COMPANY
(F C C)
Private
company
Urban and
suburban
area
BUS, TROLLEYBUS AND
TRAMWAY
SUBSYSTEM
APEX SOLUTION
TECHNOLOGY
Risks in
contractual
relations
•
The risk of production of transport services
•
Revenue risk
•
Financial risk
•
Planning risk
•
Environmental risk
THE CONTRACT BETWEEN THE CITY
GOVERNMENT AND THE OPERATOR
Generate
income in the
Public
Transport
•
Revenue from the core business,
•
Subsidy from the City budget,
•
Credit arrangements with banks
•
Other sources (parking fees at the cost of private vehicles,
fees for the use of private cars in the City, etc ...)
Total Revenue
in the PT
Billions RSD
20,00
15,00
10,00
5,00
0,00
2005
TOTAL REVENUE
PUBLIC OPERATORS
PRIVATE OPERATORS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Public Transport - The structure of total revenue
100,00%
43,88%
40,82%
56,12%
59,18%
2005
2006
45,45%
51,41%
42,99%
46,21%
48,38%
57,01%
53,79%
51,62%
2009
2010
2011
50,00%
54,55%
48,59%
0,00%
2007
Revenue from the core business
2008
Subsidy from the City budget
Public Operators - The structure of total revenue
100,00%
44,29%
40,44%
55,71%
59,56%
2005
2006
43,94%
40,52%
42,79%
45,64%
59,48%
57,21%
54,36%
2009
2010
2011
54,04%
54,71%
45,96%
45,29%
2010
2011
49,36%
The Structure of
Total Revenue
50,00%
56,06%
50,64%
0,00%
2007
Revenue from the core business
2008
Subsidy from the City budget
Private Operators - The structure of total revenue
100,00%
42,54%
41,92%
49,39%
56,40%
49,17%
50,00%
57,46%
58,08%
50,61%
43,60%
50,83%
0,00%
2005
2006
2007
Revenue from the core business
2008
2009
Subsidy from the City budget
New
Fare Collection
System
New
Fare Collection
System
Effects of the introduction of a new fare collection system
After the introduction
of a new fare collection
system
(february - august 2012)
+ 11,15%
Before the introduction
of a new fare collection
system
(february - august 2011)
0,00
1,00
2,00
3,00RSD
Billions
4,00
5,00
6,00
Reconstruction
of the bus fleet
The government of Japan has donated 93 new buses in 2003. (75 articulated and 18 standard)
Purchased about 600 new buses (60 % low-floor) in the period from 2004 to 2010. (10 buses
powered by CNG)
It is planned to buy about 400 new low-floor buses in the next four years (280 articulated and
120 standrad CNG buses).
Reconstruction
of the
trolleybus
fleet
Athens city (Greece) has donated 30 reconstructed trolleybuses in 2005.
Purchased 105 new modern low-floor trolleybuses in the period from 2005 to 2010.
Reconstruction
of the tram’s fleet
City of Basel (Switzerland) has donated 35 reconstructed trams and 35 tram trailers.
Purchased 30 new modern low-floor trams in 2009.
Reconstruction
of the tram’s
network
Plan: The total reconstructed network length of tram lines
(tracks, power network, electric power substation): 33.9 km
Funding model: 50 % EIB (European Investment Bank) : 50% City budget
Reconstruction
of the tram’s
network
The value of completed and reconstructed tram network section
is about 6,8 billion RSD (approximately 70 million EUR).
Quality of
Service
Customer
Satisfaction
Index
How did passengers evaluate PT ?
Other
3,17
Student
3,28
Pupils
3,36
Unemployed
3,39
Employed
3,41
Users who occasionally work
3,46
Retired people
3,82
0
1
2
Source: Tica S. - Research quality parameters of transport services in public transportation in Belgrade, Belgrade 2010
3
4
5
Project for
the first line
of LRT system
Estimated first LRT
line investment is
about 400 million EUR
Thank you for your attention!