BSBI News No. 69
Transcription
BSBI News No. 69
BSBINEWS April1995 Editedby R. GwynnEllis Dept.of Botany,NationalMuseumof Wales CardiffCFl 3NP LI)CILIAE X FoRBESII (?) LUcILIAE cfY'| t---{ ('hionodoxoin SprinsfieldPark,del BrianWurzellO 1995(seepaf$ 47) No.69 Administration ADN{INISTRATTON llON GENERALSECRETARY(General Enquiries) N{rsMarvBriggs,M.B.E., 9 Arun Prospect,PL'I-BOROUGH.WestSussexRH20 IAL Tel 0l798-873234 (PavmentofSubscriptions HON TREASLTRER Mr ll{ichaelWalpole, andchangeofaddress) 68 OutwoodsRoad,LOUGHBOROUGH,Leics.LEI I ILY Tel 01509-215598 (Pleasequotemembership numberon correspondence concerning membership or subscriptions numberis on the addresslabelof vour mailingsandin the List of Membersin B.lB1 vour membership l'ear lkxtk 1995) HON FIELD SECRETARY(Enquirieson FieldMeetings) Mrs MargaretLindop 36 WoodlandHill- Whitkirk-LeedsLS15 ?DG Tel 0l l3-2646513 Officersand Memben of Council - 1995Nominations The followinghavebeennominatedfor electionat the AnnualGeneralMeetingon May l3 1995. President.1995-I 997 Mr D.A. Pearman Vice-Presidents. I 995-1999 Mr R.G.Ellis.Mr C.D Preston Council.1995-1q99 Mr M E Braithwaite.Mr R.M Burton.Mr D.E. Green To fill a one-yearvacancy 1995-1996. Dr F.J.Rumsey RetiringOfficers: Dr F.H Perring(President) N{r P S Green.Dr G Halliday.Mr A.C Jermy(Vice-Presidents) RetiringCouncill\'lembers Dr J.R Akerovd.Mr J.M. MontgomenA completelist of OfticersandCouncilason March2lst 1995is published on page2 of the Annual Reportfor 1994 MARY BRIGGS.Hon GeneralSecretarv CONTRIBUTIONSINTENDEDFOR BSBI NEWS 70 shouldreachthe Editor before JULY 28 I995 Comment CON{N{ENT PRESENTATIONTO OUR PATRON lvferlensiu PlanlsinBrilc.inappearedwithafinephotographoftheOysterplanl, WhenJ'carce the Queen how our Patron.H.M. QueenElizabeth, marilima,on the coverit wasremembered growingon the shorebelowher Caithness Motherhadtakenmembersof the BSBI to seethis species home,the Castleof Mey a copyof ScorcePltutt.s andwith the blessingof the Treasurer. So, at ChrisPreston'ssuggestion in Britain was sentto Her Majesty,from whoseoffice we receivedthe reply which follows. FRANKLYN PERRING. President CLARENCE HOL-SE S\tlr ;oth Jed' lJvan t'w1 Janrrary lg95 . by gueen Elizabeth The Queen Mother f M comanded you for your 12th Ietter of January aDd fo! to thank Her UajestY is Plants in Britain". senCling "Scarce to the to hdve it did -s very grateful delighted Isles for such a Botanical society of the Blitish present. valuabfe and The book is a nost useful pl,ace in and 9i11 take ils erudite work of leference library, Her Majesty's cffective on the cover is very and The picturc is siill to be sill tha planr be 91ad to know thar j.nterestitrg is to see that found on tlte slrore. It PrimuLa Sco!ica, have been found for many Locations Caithness rarity. tbat othei cee The oueen uother Cdstle of Lo fre Queen Perrlng, Dr, Frankllm President, society of Botanical is so gl,ad that the he$ers visit. theil Mey entoYed Trcasurer Ttle Elizabeth to 9ueen OBE, lhe British rsles. ffother you so who Comment ETIROPEAN CONFERENCE in Thejoint BSBI and LinneanSociet-v on'PresentProsressandFutureProspects Conf-erence studyingthe Taxonom-v andDistributionof the Floraof NW Europe'took placeat BurlingtonHouse on Thursday9 February1995andat(ractedan audience ofover 80 includingrepresentatives ofall the countriesofNW Europefrom Finlandto France. The aim ofthe Conference wasto brinetogetherbotanistsfrom countrieswith muchoftheir tlora in commonandlook at waysin whichclosercollaboration mighthavebeneficial effectsin a numberofareas.the currentsituationin eachofthe countrieswas admirablydemonstrated by the speakers duringthe da1,. guestswerejoinedby a similarnumberfrom Britain.representing On the Fridayour l0 overseas the maininterestsofthe meeting,andthe dayrvasspentassessing the situationandlookingat three - conservation. publications mainareaswherewe mightco-operatewith advantage anddatabases. Conservation With so muchof our florasin commonit wasagreedthat we shouldwork morecloselvtogetherto prepareregionallistsofthreatenedtaxaandidenti$ thosecountrieswhichhold the major populations. Countrylistsalonedirectattentionandresources to species whichwhilstapparently threatened withinthat country.mightwell be flourishingacrossthe border. would enableus to preparemoreobjectivelistsfor the BerneConventionwith less Co-operation risk that thoseproposedby biologistswould be alteredat the lastminutefor politicalreasonsashas happened in rhe past.It wasfurthersuggested that theremightbe threeregionalRedDataBooksor listsin NW Europe:Fennoscandia. WesternEurope(includinsIreland,Wales,SW England. W Franceandthe IberianPeninsula). andthe reslincludin_e Dennrark.Holland,Germany,Belsium, Luxembourg,FranceS to the Loire andthe restofBritain. The commonthemewasto havethis informalionreadvin advanceof the callsof the 'conservation In manycountries.it seemed. bureaucrats'. inputinto the botanistshadan inadequate rigorously decisionmakingprocess.Preparation ofdatabases ofthreatened taxa,incorporating (magnitude derivedcategories appropriate to NW Europeandgood dataon populations and distributionincludingmaps)wasagreedto be a worthwhileendeavour. Agreement to usea common unit ofrecordincfor threatened species. suchasthe lkm square,wasregardedasa usefulstepwhich mightbe taken. An earlyapproachfor fundingfor regionalprojectsmight be madeto the new Environment Agencvbeingsetup in Paris.afterconsultation with the World Conservation MonitoringCentre whichconcentrates eitheron globalanalysis or on countryRedDataBooks.MargaretPalmer undertookto carry this forw:ard. The valueofpooling research informationon the autecologv wasalso ofthreatenedspecies recognised: the EcoloeicalFloraDatabase for at York Universitycouldperhapsadoptresponsibiiity this Publications In additionto the possiblepreparation ofregionalRedDataBooksthreeotherareasofcollaboration in botanicalpublicationexaminedseemed to havepossibilities. I A Floraof NW Europe had CliveStacereportedthat he andDr Ruudvander Meijden,oneof the trio of Dutchdelegates, carriedout a feasibilitystudyfor a simpleExcursionFlorafor NW Europe- it wouldincludec.4.500 taxa.Theyhadconcludedthat it wasa feasibleprojectfor a smallgroupofnot morethansix people to carryout in aboutfour yearsbut theythemselves werenot proposingto do this.Howeverit was generallyagreedthat an up-to-date.authoritative level,with checklistoftaxa down to subspecies authorities wouldbe invaluable. andbasionvms. A draftlist couldbe preparedfiom the already Commcnl listsfor the tsritishlsles,Denmark,France,Germany,Netherlands computerised and Norway.A LinneanSocietymeetingin Leidenin May mightbe an opportuniti/to inaugurate sucha project A working group of Prof. Stace,Dr Bisby and Dr Pankhurstlrom LrK. Dr Haeuplerfiom Germanyand Dr van der Meijdenfrom Netherlands wasdesignated to carrythe ideaforward. 2. Handbooks,Monographs No othercountryrepresented had.or wasproposine.a seriesofHandbooksto matchthoseofthe BSBL The questionwasthereforeaskedasto whether.by includingmoretaxa(onlya few in some cases),the Handbookscouldbe morewidelvsoldandused.The generalview wasthat for Sedges anda new oneon rushes,ifit wasprepared.therecouldbe appreciable interestin NW Europe. Englishversionswould be adequate throushoutScandinavia. but the Dutchwould needa translation andto includecommonnames.Not all Handbookscouldbecomedirectlvacceptable in the widerarea just by addinga few species the PondweedHandbookbeingpreparedby ChrisPreston.whichhasa strongBritishhistoricalelement.wasan example.Max Walterswelcomedthe ideaof Handbooks coveringa wider area- additionaltaxacouldalertBritishbotaniststo thosewhichmiehtoccurhere he was still dreamingof writing a Handbookon ,4lchemillaandthis would onlv requirea undetected: few non-Britishtaxa to makeit relevantto NW Europe. It was generallyagreedthat advanceinformationon what was in preparationso that collaboration couldbe effectedat an earlvstagewasdesirable andthat the possibleuseofthe artworkin otherpublications shouldbe considered. 3. Glossaries interestby PhilipOswaldfor the BSBI andDr JaapMennemain Hollandin preparing Simultaneous informationon the sourcesofgenericand specificnamesin theirflorashasalreadyled to an agreement to exchange informationto their mutualbenefitand.ultimatelv.to ours. Databases It wasnot easyto discusspublications independentlv ofdatabases andthe checklistofNW European VascularPlantsalreadyreferredto is an exampleAnotherarosein a discussion whichbeganasan enquiryinto the productionofinteractiveidentification keys.particularlythoseaimedat helping youngor inexperienced photographer botanists.It emergedthat in Finlanda professional hasbeen usedto preparea diskcovering100commonspecies. It is plannedto increase the numberto 700 and to producetext in otherlanguages. BSBI will be lookingat theseto seehow relevanttheymaybe for teachingpurposesin this country. Other areasdiscussedincluded: 1. Atlas Florae Europaea Prof Uotilastatedthat with two moreparts.ll & 12-the Atlaswill havecoveredvol. 1 of F.lora Europaea.This magnificent achievement hadnevertheless takenover 30 yearsto complete.There wasnow an urgentneedfor productionof the remainingmaps.Manualmap-making up to now and difficultiesof gettingCatafrom somepartsof S andE EuropeheldbackpublicationOneway of production,at leastasfar asNW Europeis concerned, speeding Prof. Uotila doesseempossible. reportedthat a computerprogramhadbeenwrittenwhichdrawsdot mapson the screen.It is proposedto combinemoderndistributionmapswhichareavailable from mostNW European countrieswith country presence/absence data(shadedareas)for the rest. from the Flora Europaea quickll'.It was suggested database, so that draft mapscouldbe available that a'two-speed'Europe mightbe considered with an Atlasfor NW Europeassoonaspossible. Comment/ Dian 2 lJSIllAbstract.s It rvasproposedthat ourlr.strrcls, or something like it, be extendedto coverN Europewhereno equivalentpublications exist.It wasclearthat at the momentthe BSBI doesnot havethe manpower to do this indeedwe areincrediblyluckyto havehadthe dedicatedserviceofDougie Kent over so manyyears The importanceofcontinuingandpossiblyexpanding Ab.stracts needsto be addressed. Dr van der Meijdenwill look into possiblesourcesof fundingfor this in Holland The future All presentfelt that the meetinghad beenextremelyworthwhile and productiveandthat the initiative shouldnot be allowedto die. Dr van der l\,leijden agreedto reconvene the groupin Leidennextyear and is proposingthe secondhalf of May. Anv further developments will be reportedin the autumn I996 issueof B.\RI Neus N4ythanksto Vicky Morsan.PhilipOswald.fuchardPankhurstandRobinWallsfor keepingsplendid notesof the meetingwhichmadepreparation of this summarvsimpleanduncomplicated. FRANKLYN PERRING.President THE PRESIDENTS'AWARI) As announced in the lastissueofBSB/ News(68. 6) an anonwnous donorhascreateda fund from rvhichan awardmaybe madeeachyearfor the mostusefulcontributionto the understanding of floweringplantsandfernsofthe BritishIsles. The decisionis madeby the Presidents of the BSBI andthe Wild FlowerSocietyFranklyn Perringand David Bellamyhad no difficulty in agreeingthat the first recipientsshouldbe Eric Clementand SallvFosterfor their superbbook Alicn Plants oJ the British lsles publishedby the BSBI at the endoflast year Unfortunatel)'neitherEric nor Sallycanbe at the BSBI AGM in Dublin whereit was planned 'in that winnersshouldreceivetheirawardsso theseandtheir certificates will haveto be presented place' another but we all sendthem our warmestcongratulationson beingthe first and most worthy winnersof the Presidents' Award. MARY BRICTCS,Hon GeneralSecretarv DIAR}' N,B. Thesedatesaresupplementary to thosein the 1995Calendar APRIL 3O Deadlinefor applicants for PatBrenanMemorialFundawards(seepage57) ('onrpanulaOpen Dav (seepage57) MAY 2'7 ('otuneasterOpenDay (seeB.\81 Nelu'68 page44) JT]NE 4 ('ampanula OpenDay (seepage57) t7 JI.ILY I Deadlinefor Monitoring SchemeReport'half-priceoffer(seepage57) SEPTEN{BER 2-8'PlantEuropa'conference, Hydres,France(seepage45) NO\T,MBER 23 OrchidConference. LinneanSociety.London(seepage8) See also paqes 59-o0 for dates of I 995 Botany Courses EDITOR Editorial EDI'I'ORIAI, This is now the 27th issueof R.\8/ -Vr,y.s of editin.eandproducrngandI that I havehadthe prir.'ilege would like to takethis opportunityofthankingall thosehundredsofcontributorswho havehelped ensureits continued successThiswouldalsoseeman opporlune limeto printa rerisedeurdeto contributors. Guidanceto contributors to RSRI News The success of a journallike B.\81Nev.rdependson the editorreceir"ing manvrelatirely short of topicalinterest.Theremustbe manvmembersqho har.'e contributions interesting. something informativeor just plainamusingthat thevwould like to sharewith othersandthis journalis meantto 'ordinary' memberto express heror hisopinionsSo please betheplacefor the do continue to send in your notesor lettersandI will do mv bestto publishthem.I am preparedto acceptcopv in anv form but it is so mucheasierfor me if this canbe senttypedor pnnted The lollowing recommendations will, if followed,easethe burdenof an overworkededitor(cuethe violins) 'l. Keepit short!Preferably to lessthantwo pagesoffinishedprint Longerarticlescanbe accepted but it maybe moredifficultto fit themin quickly As you will seeby lookingthroughanvissue. manycontributions arehalfa pageor less. just writeit 2. lt is niceto hale typedcopybut ifyou don't hareaccess to a typeunteror computer. out makingsurethat your handwritingis legible,especially for namesofpersons.placesand otherwordswhichcannoteasilybe checked. 3. Contraryto what I wrote in -IJ.\8.1 ,Ve'r's 58, I would now preferto havecomputerproducedcopv as a printedpageratherthanon disc.This obviatesthe needfor virus-checking andthe scannerI useto scanin text is very accurate. 4. Whentypingor printing.pleaseusedouble(or lrr ) line spacingandusea new ribbonwhichgives a dark image,especially if usinga dot-matrixprinter. 5. To makeit easierto scanaccurately, anycorrections to a typedor printedpagearebestconfined to the marginsusinga pale-bluepencil,but do ensurethatthe instructions areclear.lf necessary, sendtwo copies,onervith.the otherwithout,corrections 6. Whereemphasis is required,markthe wordsto bein italic, bold or underlined fontsin the normal way or print themusingthe correctfonts.Thereis no needto put Latin namesin italicsbut it would be a help. ( l99l ), Kent's List of 7. Latin namesmust conformto Stace'sNev,I lora of the British Ls1e.r L'ascularPlants of the British Isle.s(1992) or Clement& Foster'slllen l)lonts ol the Rritish ,/s/es(1994).No authoritiesareneededfor namesin thesebooksbut ifthe taxonis not included thenan authorityshouldbe given S.EnglishnamesmustalsoconformtoDonvetal [,rrg/t:;hName.sofllildl-'louer.s,stace(1991)or Clement& Foster(1994),andif availablemust be givenwhena species is first mentionedin the text. The only exceptions arelong listsof tara whichmavconsistof Latinnamesonly. PLIASE NOTI . to savepostage,contributions will not now be acknowledged whenfirst received. All contributorsrvill receive,if time allows,a proof for checking,so that'y-ou rvill be ableto seewhat your notelookslike beforeit is printedandwill havethe opportunitvto alteranyhingar that stage. Any contributions received,whichappearto be more suitablelor inclusionin lliat.sonia asa 'Short Note' will be passedon to the editorofthatjournal Suitableillustrations accompanying notes,in the form ofline drawings,blackandwhiteor colour printsor slidesarealsowelcomed negatives, EDITOR Hon. General Secrctan"s Notcs HON. GENER{L SECRETAR}''SNOTES Congratulationsto. Prof. StephenBlackmoreandto Prof.ChrisHumphriesappointedasVisiting InstituteStatushasbeen Professors to the BotanyDept , Universit-v of Reading.Associated for the Depl. ofBotanv The NaturalHistorvNJuseum, andthe Dept.ofBotany University announced of Reading announced on St Also to Dr SueRobinsonandDr CharlesNelsonon theireneagement, Patrick'sDa1",lTth ll{arch-1995 Charles.who w'asalsoon that dayon Radio4 speakingon Shamrock,is oneof the BSBI Editors.Wqtsonio.To Suefrom WisbechandCharlesfrom Dublinwe sendour very bestwishes Exhibition Meeting 1995 This will be heldat the Universitvof Leicesteron Saturday,November25th,by kind invitationof Prof C.A. Stace.andour thanks1ohim lor his qoodofferto organisethis meeting.Full detailswill be sentin the Exhibitionprogrammenoticewith applicationformsanda map,in the September mailine.Meanwhiletheseadvancecomments on the plansfor the day maybe helpful.With travel to dislances in mind.the Exhibitionwill openat I1.30 am (exhibitorsfrom 1000 am if convenient. setup their erhibits).As lateeveningtravelbecomesincreasingly difficultfor us all, front all centres, it hasbeendecidedthis yearto replacethe eveningConversazione buffet with a lunchbuffet (which mustbe bookedin advancewhenthe bookinglormsaresentin September). As a trial newventure, this lunchwill be from 12.30-200 p m Teawill be availableandthe meetingwill endwith a talk illustratedby slidesseefollowing note fiom 4.45-545 p.m.. AilsaBums is intendingto give a shorttalk on BSBI Meetingsat the AEM andwouldbe most gratefulfor the loanof slides Sheis lookingfor fairll-recentphotographs of membersof the Society, asmuchas,if not morethan,plants.Shewill takegreatcareof anyslides- andwouldlike.if possible,to receivethembv mid-August. (hands-on possibly if desired)of the BSBI Database; The Exhibitswill includea demonstration for fieldrecords,andHugh McAllisterhas alsoa database suitablefor membersto usethemselves offeredsomebulk seedof British nativeplantsas a self-serviceopportunityfor membersat the meeting.We hopethat this new centrallocationfor our AnnualExhibitionMeetingwill be a venuefor a largenumberof members. We know that it is not possibleto pleaseall, but convenient hopethat the Universityat Leicesterwill be within reachfor manvmembers,and possiblyfor some who havenot beenableto attendan ExhibitionMeetingbefore?Thosememberswho find London moreaccessible will be relievedto know that in 1996the Exhibitionl\{eetingwill againbe in London Thosecomingto Leicestercanbe assuredofan interestingandvariedday. with the opportunity Membersarealsoreminded to meetvery manymembers- so plentyof botanicaltalk anddiscussion. that exhibitsarewelcome.andanyonewith a themein mindcouldplanaheadto preparean exhibit; workingon aspectsof the flora of Britainand thesewill be particularlywelcomefrom members Ireland. in the Diary ConferenceMeeting additionalto the Calendarin RSBI Yearhook1995,is announced ofEvents,page6. A conference at the LinneanSociety.BurlingtonHouse.Piccadilly.Londonon jointly by the BSBI andthe LinneanSociety, Thursday,November23rd 1995 Thiswill be organised the subjectis : Populationbiologvin someterrestrialorchids(mainlyBritishspecies). A full programmeandbookingform will be sentin the September if you areinterested, mailing,meanwhile, nolethedatein vourdiaries MembershipSurvey lI - offersof help Becauseofthe long delayin computerising the offersfrom the Survey.I haveonlyjust seenall the offersof helpwith variedSocietvactivitieswhichwasofferedbv a largenumberof members on the Hon. Gcneral Sccretan"s Notcs / Profilcs wrthinthe fbrmsin 1993.We will be in contactwith all the members w-hovolunteered Questionnaire nextfew months.The namesof all thosewho offeredto helpwith adultfieldmeetingsarebeinggiven for lreland.ScotlandandWales.andsimilarly to MargaretLindopin England,andto the Committees With so manyoflersit may otherofferswill be passedto the appropriateSecretaries or Committees. still takea whilebeforeall areinto the programmes. or accepted andannounced. Thankstoo. to BrianRushtonwho haslisted Meanwhileour thanksasainto all thosemembers. andtabulatedthe offers. Tailpiece BSBI HistorianDr DavidAllen sendsa notethat the croundfloor of 20 BedfordStreetin Covent Garden,wherethe BSBI's ancestor. the BotanicalSocietyofLondon. hadits roomsfor manyyears in the middleof the lastcentury.is now a fast-foodoutletcalled'TheHunsrvCowboy'l MARY BRICTGS,Hon. GeneralSecretarv PROFILES DAP _ THE PPP WhenI began RarePlantSurvey in 1988,I hadasusuala fewnames ofpeopleto theSWEngland is activein Dorset'.Ifl hadlooked contactaboutthe work, andhadbeentold that 'David Pearman up the dictionaryinsteadofpicking up the telephone. I mighthavebeenbetterpreparedfor an encounterwhichchangedmy life. The ShorterOxlord Dictionarysays'Active...Originatrng or in action, communicating action...Working. effective;opp.to quiescenlor extinct...Abounding ' energetic'diligent;brisk..On the creditsideofthe balancesheet All thesequalitiescanbe tickedby everyonewho hasworkedwith David,but beforeour first meetinsI wasshyanddoubtfulof this personwho hadn'tappeared throughthe usualBSBI networks.What won me instantlywerethe other great Pearmanqualities kindnessand hospitality,enthusiasm,style.The effectofthe first dav at Frome St Quintin was entirelymemorable.from consultinga treasuryof file cardswhile a large black cat slepton an enormousstuffedsheepbesideme, to the deliciousness ofmy first Anita-cooked meal,to the first look at the hilltop gardenwherepeculiarsedgesand medickslurk amongthe most plantspersonly I would havewantedto comebackjustto gazeandenjoy,luckilylor me ofperennials. frequentvisits were clearlycompulsoryifI wantedto do the Dorset surveyjustice.becauseI found herean encyclopaedic collectionofDorset records,currentandhistorical;a guideto all essential county referencesand institutions(and one who meantI was welcomedever_vwhere I went). an imaginativeand enlightenedapproachto conservationand the problemsofrare species.and enthusiasmwhich could evensustainnot findingPof.carpon on blazingshingleunderdeafeningnav-v helicopters. At the time I didn't realisethe almostmiraculousnatureof this expert,impressivebotanical status.but a startlinglyshorttime beforeDavid hadbeena starbusinessman,mainlyin accountancv. in Kenya and England.He is the only personI know who hasbeentalentedand successfulenoughto be ableto takeearlyretirementin order to do botany! (TheBSBI crowd shoulddefinitelyhererise to theirfeet!).He hasthusbeenableto bringinvaluable business skillsandwisdominto the rapidly expandingminefieldof conservationpolicies.The diagnosticglabrousdomeis detestedby the owner. but I alwaysfeelthat its dehiscent stateis a sienof the blazingbrainpowerwithin.whichhasliterallv (Seephotopagel0) burnt offthe indumentum! A Pre-presidential Profileshouldprobablybe moreserious.with properlistsofqualifications and achievements, but Davidis unusualin comingfrom a world quiteoutsideBritishand lrishbotany, wherehe washighlysuccessful but evenso choseto transferhis talentsto our discipline. Ratherthan tryingto describehis previouswork, I would like to emphasise the goodfortunewhichhasbrought him to us in the BSBI - in termsof chanceandlit'e'snch pattern,this is a definiteplus.His achievements within the botanicalcommunityarewell known, notablythe production(with Andrew Mahon)of the first countvRedDataBook for Dorsetin 1993.publishing his own localatlasof a favouritegroup ^Sedges & their Allies in Dorsetin 1994,and ofcourse his partnershipwith Chris Prestonand Alison Stewartin the wonderfulScarcePlants in Britain. But as well as thesevery public achievements, he hasgiven,and continuesto give. immenseamountsof time and energyto a multitudeof projectsin conservation, publications, to committees, fund-raising, fieldmeetings, even to recordingmicroJepidoptera.Dorset EnvironmentalRecordsCentre,DorsetNatural History and ArchaeologicalSociety-the KingcombeCentre,Dorset Trust for NatureConservation,Plantlife,and of coursethe BSBI there's an intimidatinglist of organisationswho get Pearman-time. He has given particularlyimportant suppon to the principleofpotentially valuableconservationsites (PSSSI's,SNCI's etc.)havingrecognised statusandaccuratecountyaudits. I rely on David's clearthinking to illuminateconservationproblems,and valueh.isadvice immensely,but my professionaladmirationcannotbe separatedfrom the rich mix ofother interests which everyonewho meetshim comesacross,all of which get sharedwith passionateenjoymentand interest.Food,wine,travel,birdsand shells,I wasalreadyaddictedto, but formerminorinterests suchas postcardcollecting.and looking at British andIrish postimpressionist paintingsand l9C genre paintings,havedevelopedwith Pearmanencouragement into reallyendlesslyrewardingpartsofmy life I am still resistingrugby football. great railway disasters,and cricket (evenwith the lure of a picniccold-bagin MCC colours).but others(includingthe editor?)sharesomeoftheseenthusiasms, and I am learningto appreciatebotanicalillustrationproperly,not only throughDavid's knowledge ofrare botanicalbooks.but becauseAnita is a talentedplant painter(as well as beingthe (-arex slrigosa spotterpdr excellence).And its reassuring.when I feel overawedby the burgeoningtalents in Frome St Quintin. to reflect that evenif David is going to leadthe BSBI inspiringlytowardsthe 2lC. he will stillbe wearinghis schooldressinggown from 1953![Not to mentionhis 5th Form raincoatwhich so elegantlyprotectedhim from the elementsat last year's AGM at Oxford. Ed.] Best'air restorerin the world Guv. Honest!! All of us mustthink of and missDick David againandagain,and I treasurememoriesof his (-orex humilis huntswith David in Dorset,of sharedmeals,of successfulgrovelsfor the little sedge in both sleetand sun,ofthe teachingand encouragement they gaveme in this genusso dearto them ll Profilcs presrdential addresstitle to Dick's classrc by ref'erring both. So I would like to endthis appreciation 'GentlemenandPlayers',because David Pearmanseemsto me to be the ultimateresultof that subtle in this Society.He hascomefrom almost.betweenamateurandprofessional balance,symbiosis of'real humblein the presence not academiclife. andhasalwaysbeenendearingly business he is givinghistime botanists',but now that he hasbecomeoneofthem himselfwitha vengeance, andabilitiesto the BSBI with a dedicationwhichI canonly seeastruly professional. Profile.Tryingto balancebetweenbeing I hopeI neverhaveto write anotherPre-presidential matey.hasmade too seriousand too frivolous. offhandand gushing.impersonaland embarrassingl_v me long to be tappingout somelight little numberfor llatxtnta instead!But this is offeredwith both part ofthe equation).I look forward respectandaffectionto David.(andto Anita,who is an essential whichwill havea very specialkind ofvision andenergy with the happiestanticipation to a presidency (andmay evenproduceTHE BSBI POSTCARD!) TA5 I SU RO FITZGERALD,BeggarsRoost.Lilstock.Nr BRIDGWATER,Somerset EDGAR MILNE-REDHEAD Editorialcomment. The formationin 1993ofa nationalblackpoplarworkinggroupasa resultofthe tirelessefforts ofthis tree. through40 vearsto draw attentionto the importance ofEdgar Milne-Redhead makesthe publicationofthis Profilevery opportune. It is difficult to find words adequatelyto describeEdgar Milne-Redhead.Over his lifetimehe has beensucha force in conseryation,yet so unassumingabouthis achievements. I write as someoneover 60 yearshisjunior. yet. throughoutmy life I havebeenstruckbv his ongoingsuccesses andvictories,combinedwith a modestyandgracewhichis an exampleto us all. My involvementwith Edgar hasbeenprimarilythroughblack poplarsand what betterway to Without Edgar the black poplar (Popuhtsnigru var betulifttliu) would celebratehis achievements. still be a speciesgraduallydecliningto extinctionin Britain, forgottenby botanistsso often contentto look towardstheir feet, ratherthan abovetheir heads. Black poplarshavelong beenofinterestto Edgar,sincehe wasan undergraduate at Cambridge in the 1920s.However, it was not until he retiredthat he beganto devotehis time and effort to this recordingalmosteveryspecimen ofthe blackpoplar species. Since1974Edgarhasworkedtirelessly, in Britain andbuilding up a teamof assistants throughoutEnelandandWalesto record andveri$ recorded.photographed andits detailssentto the records.Eachindividualtreehasbeenmeticulously is ceaseless BiologicalRecordsCentre.His tenacityandenthusiasm andhe hasmanaged to obtain fundingfrom the World Wide Fund for Natureand the Welch BequestFund to recordthe species. first in mainlandBritain,thenIrelandandnow continental Europe. by Edgarwho processed the returned The initialblackpoplarhuntwas a BSBI survey,organised recordingcards.The resultsofthe surveywerepublishedin llatsonia3.295-6,togetherwith Edgar's 1990paperinlValsonia18 andat leastfour articlesin BSBI Nevs. by Edgarandhaveestablished theirown localblackpoplar Othershavebeenequallyenthused studies,suchasthe one setup by his sadlymissedfriendSoniaHollandin Gloucestershire. Now. entirelyas a resultof Edgar's determination.the fruits of his efforts havebecomeapparent. in nationalnewspapers A workingpartyhasbeenestablished, seriesofarticleshaveappeared spawninga torrent ofrecords, all ofwhich mustbe verifiedand checkedagainstexistingrecords.and the plightofthe blackpoplarhasbeenbroughtto the attentionofnationalbodiessuchasEnglish Authority andthe Tree Council.Edgar's eyesand Nature,the NationalRiversAuthority. the Forestr_v earsnow operatethroughoutBritainprotectingexistingtreesandplantingthe nextgenerationDue andis destinedto to him the blackpoplarhasbeenbroughtto the forefrontofspecies'conservation t2 Profiles survivein Bntainfbr manymorecentunesAs hetold me recently'A1 lastpeoplerealisethat tbr the lasttwentyyearsI havebeenbarkingup the right !ree'. However.it is notjust the blackpoplarthat sun'ivesthankslo Edgar'sefforts.The'Badgeworth thanksto Buttercup' (Ranunculusophioglos.si.folitr.s) was savedin its last site in Gloucestershire alsoowesmuchto Edgar'seffortsin the 1930s.The Ladv's-slipper orchid(('1'pripetliunc:alceohts) 'Committeefor the Edgar'stenacitvfor its survivalin its lastlocationin Britain.He convened the ('ypripedium' 968 in remained 1990. of I and on the committee until Overthe last25 Conservation yearsthe one remainingplanthasbeensafeguarded Orchid andhasbeenpropasated by the Sainsburv Foundationat Kew whereit hasbecomea flaeshipspecies for Britishconservation. Edgaris a life memberof sevencountywildlifetrusts:Suffolk,Norfolk,Essex.Gloucestershire, reflectingthe areaswith whichhe is BBONT (Berks, Bucks. Oxon).Surrevand Somerset, He hasalsobeena tirelesssupporterof Wr*'F.the WorldwideFundfor Nature. associated. Ile hasbeena memberofthe BSBI sinceI 929 andwaselectedPresident between1969and 1971 He alsoservedasVice-President between1958and 1962andhasbeena memberofcountless suchasthe N{apsCommittee.FieldworkCommittee.Conservation committees. Committee, Development Sub-Committee andhasrepresented the BSBI on the Councilfor Natureandat the StainesMoor Inquiryin 1972. EdgarMilne-Redhead on the benchpresented by his colleagues on his 80thbirthday Photo@ EastAnglianDaill TimesandAssociated Papers After readingBotanyat GonvilleandCaiusCollege.Cambridge. Edgar'sprofessional careerat the RoyalBotanicGardensKew n'asno lessglittering He wasbasedat Kervfrom 1928untilhis retirementin I 971 androseto becomeDeputvKeeperof the Herbariumandheadof the Africa Section,a just rewardfor hisbotanicalexpenise.combinedwith a meticulous approachandcharm. Edgar'smanagement styleat Kew i!as to choosenot necessarilv the mostqualifiedapplicant, but the mostableapplicant,regardless oftheir professional backqround. andhe neverchosewrongly. Countless botanists(myselfincluded) owe their careersto Edgar'sencouragement andinfectious enthusiasm. The consen'ation movementofthe 20th Centuryhasbeengreatlyenrichedby the contributionof EdgarMilne-Redhead. And that contributioncontinues- evenin his 89thyearhe continuesto devote manvhoursdailvto conservation, workingmeticulouslv in his studysiftingthroughthe latestsackof blackpoplarrecords. DESMOND HOBSON,Little Cansiron,HazelburvBrvan.STtTRMI|{STERNEWTON,Dorset D T I O2 E B l3 Profiles/ Recordcrsand Rccordrnq DAVID ELLISTON ALLEN D r D a v i d E l l i s t o n A l l e n n e e d sn o c o m m e n d a t i o nt o t h i s S o c i e t vo l w h i c h h e i s s o w e l l k n o w n a n d distinguisheda member, one indeed ofabout 45 years standing.moreover a past Presidentand the historian ofthe Societv's ups and don'ns. Quite unnecessarilvI Have been asked to say a few words on this happv occasion of his bein-emade an Honorary Nlember in appreciationof his nranv sen'ices to the Society as well as ofhis notable achievements. ln 1968 I read a fascinating and highl"v original work entitled llritish Iaste.s. ttrt l..trtyirt'itrto the Like.sand I)i:;likes of the Regionol (-onsunrer This made clear that, despite all influencesand all efforts towards general conformity. so convenient for government central planners.'each ofthe regions ofBritain has at bottom a detectableset ofintenvoven attitudes. a distinctive trend in its underlying psychology'. Naturally. as a bom East Anqlian. I noted with interest Havelock Ellis's 'one conclusion thal East Anglia rvas ofthe three ereat loci in England ofintellectual abilitv' and that (I quote) 'the careful. patient. judicious. cool-tempered people bred by this region . solid and down-to-earth. shone in the accumulation offacts. as classifiersand collators'. The author ofthe book with this pleasing stuffwas one D. Elliston Allen. an anthropoloeist and market researcher His very readablewell-written book inrpressednre not only bv its sound foundation in extensiveand detailed enquiry but also bv its emphasison the characteristicsof communities. basicallva mater of human ecology. I knew nolhing then ofDavid's botanical and historical inlerests.These becameinrmediatelv evident in his entertainins The I'ictorian Fenr ('roze. q Histon'of Pteridomania. published in 1969 There followed \n 1976'[he Nalurali,st in Britoin: a Social Hi.ston', then. ten vears iater. 7he Botanisl: a Hi.slon, of the Botanical Sociery,of the Rritish Lsle.srhrough I50 .t'ears Nl these have a distinctive quality, almost unique in botanical literature. which qoes bevond assemblingand critically analysinginformation: they put naturalists-especiall-vbotanists,in the social setting oftheir times, with particular regard to trends important but not necessarilyobvious. Moreover. like his contributions to periodicals.the!'are well-uritten and readable Of David's floristic and taxonomic work, on such matters as Rubu.t and the flora of the Isle of Man. vou probablv know sufficient already to make any remarks ofmine superfluous. Such achievementhas its background in David's studv of archaeolog.vand anthropoloqv at Cambridge and an interest fiom boyhood in natural history, permeatedb1'literary appreciationand scholarship.Add to that his activitv for this Societ-vas Secretan and Chairman of two Committees, Council Member, Honorary General Secretaryand Presidentand vou will aeree that his honorary membership has been very well desened indeed. WILLIAM T. STEARN- l7 High Park Road. Kew Gardens. RICHMOND. Surrey. TW9 4BL [This profile is published to conmemorate David berng made an Honoran- N'lemberof the BSBI at the AGM in Oxford. N{ay 1994 1 RECORDERSAI{ D RECORDING Amendment no. I to List of BSBI Vice-county Recorders in IISBI Ycar Rook 1995 New appointments *'e welcome. v.c. I West Cornwall. Dr Colin French. Chvlowen. I-abour-ny-Vain, OffBridge Road, Illoean. Redruth. Cornwall TR I 6 4QR v c . 2 5 , 2 6 E & W S u f f o l k M r M a r t i n N S a n f o r dB S c F L S . 7 8 M u r r a v R o a d ,I p s w i c h , v.c.65 NW Yorks SuffolkIP3 9AO Mrs DeborahJ Millward.N{anorHouse.ThortonRust.Levbum. N Yorks DL8 3AN and send sincerethanks to those retlrins v.c. I KeithSpuruin(since1983) l-1 Recordcrs and Recording v c 25 & 26 Mrs EnidHyde(sinceI98ti) v.c. 65 l om Medd. I om will continueasRecorderlbr v.c. 62 Nt Yorks Amendmentsto addressespublishedin List of Recordersin BSBI Yearknk 1995 v.c 33 & 34 E & W Glos Clare& Mark Kitchen,The Cottage,Bevinglon,Berkeley, Gloucestershire GL I3 gRB v c. 89 E Penh Dr Ros Smith.Holburn.DalcrueRoad.PitcairnereenPerthshire F K 1 5g L F A m e n d m e n t n o . I to PanelofRefereesand Specialists in BSB/ YearBook 1995 We welcomethe followine new Referees: ROSACEAE Rrl.ra Mr RogerMaskew.CoppiceHouse.BanallsLane.StokeBliss,TenburyWells,Worcs WRl5 8RZ.joins the 'Ro.rateam'- Rev.GordonG. GrahamandRer'.Tonv L. Primavesi. Thevsendthe followingnoteson specimen requirements. Rev G.G Graham.Freshlruitingmaterialonly.Senderretainsduplicale. Rev A.L PrimavesiFreshmaterialprefenedHerbariummatenalwill be dealtwith if reouired Mr R. Maskew Freshfiuitins materialonlv.Senderretainsduolicate. (not necessarily A portionof sremwith fullv developed ripe)hips:approx..20cm.ol prickles;somenoteson sizeand matureleadingstemwith leavesandcharacteristic tvpeofbush. ifsepalsarefallinga representative simpleshouldbe included separately. Seealso/?o.sa Handbook.pp. 40-43.Meterial in flower is impossibleto determine. Pleasenote that GordonGrahamis happyto continueto referee.Ro.rzr but specimens, will only namefresh materialwhichneednot be returned(i.e.senderkeeps duplicate).He would alsolike to emphasise that without geneticresearchcertain hvbridspecimens of wild rosesshouldremainunnamed. TILIACEAE f iliu Dr C.D Pigottcontinuesas lrlla Referee,and,lor generalspecimens, Dr Pigottrequests: Shootswith flowers or fruits from the exposedpart ofcrown: shootsfromdeep (ail not he identifiedreliahl_v. .shodeor.from .V)rout.s Hopingsoonto be ableto devotemoreof histime to monographT-iliu,Donaldsends a specialnote to travellersashe would be happyto refereeTilia from anywhere (particularlyeasternAsia). Chinais the real problemfor filia. but can we help with ripefruitsfrom nativepopulations of Tilia in GreeceandTurkey?Fromthesetwo countriesin particular.he wouldbe 'gratefulfor ripefruits(collectedafter mid-September) of Tilia (including(7. tomenlosa) from nativesites.About20-50 fiuits are requiredfrom a tree. dried for a few days.then packetedin smallpolvthene ba_ss or tubesandsenlto him as soonaspossibleafterreturningto Englandl!'.[N.B. Checkin BSRI Nev's70. September 1995.for Dr Pigott'snew addressfrom mid-Septemberl VALERIANACEAE I'alerianelloMr PhilJ Wilson.4 ProspectPlace,GroveLane.Redlynch.Salisbury, Wilts. SP52NT Fruit.ripeor unripe.is requrred (N.B In our List of Memberswe haveanotherMr P J. Wilson- of Reppahm. Lincoln- Hello. but not to be confusedwith our new I'alerionelluReferee!). ALIENS Mr BrianS. Wurzell.47 Rostrevor Avenue.LondonNl5 6LA joins the 'Aliensteam' asa GeneralAliensRelereewith Mike Mullin. publishedin List of Refereesin R.lBl YearBmk 1995 Amendmentsto addresses GRAMINEAE (ieneral:Dr T.A. Cope Pleaseensurethat all specimens aresentto Dr Copeat The Herbarium. RovalBotanicGardens. Keu,.Richmond.Surrel-TWg 3AI and not to his home address. Aqain.we sendsincerethanksto all our vice-countvRecorders. Referees andSpecialists. Recorders and Recordrng Updates,Amendments& Correctionsto RSRI YearBook 1995 p 9 EDITORS,COMPILERS,INDE)G,RS Add BSBI HANDBOOKS Hott.Mitor Mr P.H. Oswald.33 PantonStreet.C.AMBRIDGECB2 IHL n ll BRITISH LICHEN SOCIETY Hon. Secretary.DeleteMr T.H. Maxham Add: Dr O W Punis, The BritishLichenSocietv.c/o Dept of Botany,The NaturalHistoryMuseum.CromwellRoad,LondonSW7 5BD p 48 Change Wing Comd C.P.J. Coulcher p 70 Dr & Mrs Macpherson Correctionsto List of Members fiom p 38 - aresenton to MichaelWalpolefor the membership computer,will be usedon mailinglabels,andupdatedin the B5B1 l'ear Book 1996 MARY BRIGGS. Hon GeneralSecretarv NEW ATLAS We hopethat everythingis in placeto beginrecordingfor the new atlasthis surnmer.Vice-county recordersand areaco-ordinatorshavebeenbriefed,and all eitherhavethe new recordingcard or krow whereto get hold of them. The bestplan for this summerwould be to approachyour local recorderto seehow you canbest help. Therehas(today) beenan unexpecteddelayin the confirmationof fundingfor the Atlas organiserand the inputtingofdata but we hopeto havemore to sayon that this autumn.In the meantimelet's get out into the field, andwe look forward to hearingofresults at the Recorders Conferencethis September. DAVID PEARMAN & DAVID McCOSH Q3l3/9s\ RECORDERS CONFERENCE UNIVf,RSITY COLLEGE OF St MARTIN. LANCASTER 8th - IOth SEPTEMBER 1995 Everytwo yearsthe BSBI holdsa 2 daymeetingfor vice-countvRecorders. Thisyear'sConference is at St Martin's College,Lancaster,wherewe havebeenseveraltimesbefore.I think the eventis one ofthe Society'sunknown strenglhs,for it is a chanceto meetfellow membersin a very relaxed atmosphere, andto actuallyhavetime to talk. Many of the Society'sofficerswill be there.with MargaretPerringand her books. We give v.c. Recordersthe first choice,but at eachmeetingwe alwayshavequitea few ordinary membersaswell. In view of the fact that we will be concentrating on the new Atlasat Lancaster this year,membersare invited to applyfor a booking form to me. l6 Recordcrs and Recordrns/ ScarccPlantsin Brirain The provisionalprogrammefor the Conferenceis as follows: FRIDAY 8th 5 00 ARRIVAL andREGISTRATION 7 30 TALK by GEOFFREYHALLIDAY l|lriting a Flora of ('umbria SATT]RDA}'gth 9 OO THE NEW ATLAS to include Structureandi\'lethodologv. squaresUnder-recorded andwell-covered FieldMeetingsin under-recorded areas. ComputerSoftw'are, Yearlytargetsl 2 00 FIELD TRIPS a choiceof Rrbl in the LuneValley G Halliday Rosesin the LuneVallel' G.G. Graham(to be confirmed) - E.F. Greenwood Limestoneplantsof Silverdale Recordingfor the New Atlas Evening Freelor anydiscussion. STJNDAYIOth I 00 A seriesofshort talks,including a\ Oenothera J.C.Bowra b\ Lortxgroup- C.S.Crook c) Overlookedtaxain the Kent/Atlaslist C.A. Stace d) ScottishRDB work - K Watson Coffee Recorders whichmavinclude. ooensession Conferences/workshops duringthe Atlas Relationswith consultants Any otherpoints- prior noticenot essential but wouldbe appreciated 2.O0 Arother fieldmeetingfor anvbodvstayingon. DAVID PEARMAN. The Old Rectorv,FromeSt Quinton-DORCFIESTER, DorsetDT2 OHF SCARCEPLA}ITS I\I BRIT.{TN SCARCEPLANTS ATLAS I was pleasedto see Dave Green's letter in the last Nev,.ralthough I'm certainly intrigued by the'hard sell' part of his letter. If only we were on a rovalty...! At least halfofthe countv recorderswere involved in a good deal ofwork lor this scheme,and of course, some did much more than others. With hindsight I would have liked to have come to an arrangementwilh fl\CC at the start ofthe contract. so that recorderswould have had a substantial discount as a quid pro quo for rheir hard work. But we did not- and instead the f5 reduction for recorders came out ofour own funds. We are finalising the costings for the contract with the DoE for the new Atlas, and I am endeavouringto build in a good discount for countv recorders,and hope to have more to report to them in the next few weeks. DAVID PEARMAN. The Old Rectorv. Frome St Quinton. DORCFIESTER. Dorsel DT2 OHF ScarcePlanls in Britain / Notes and Articlcs t7 SCARCE PLANTS IN BRITAIN In response to a requestfrom MichaelBraithwaite.LissieWright of JNCCprovidedthe following from&urce PlattsinRrituinwhichmavofinteresttoother detailsregardingtheuseofmaterial members. 'We haveno objectionto the useof individualpases illustrate to talksor lecturesWe arealso happyto seethe useofsuch materialto supportvoluntaryadviceon localconsenationissues. In the We would howeverrequestthat the sourceof all suchmaterialis alwaysacknowledged. caseofspeciesaccountsthe authorofthe individualaccountshouldalsobe acknowledged. We would requestthat you seekcopvrightpemrission for the reproduction of pages" accounts,tablesor mapsin publishedbooksor leaflets.We uould alsoask_v-ou to seek permission ifyou intendto usesubstantial sectionsofthe book fbr the provisionofpaid conservation advice'. EDITOR NOTESAND ARTICLES COASTAL GRAVEL AS A SOURCEOF COCHLE,ARIA D.4NICAON INLAND ROADSIDES We havecarriedout botanicalsurvevsofthe vergesofa numberofnrotorwavsover thelastfew yearsandfrequentlynotediniandcoloniesof (-ochleariadanlca(DanishScunvgrass).As a result. we havebeenparticularlyinterested in correspondence on the spreadofthis species andpossible contributingfactors(e.g.BSBI Nevs65). Therehasbeenmuchspeculation abouthorv(-. danit-u arrivesat inlandsitesandthe reasonsfor variationin its distributionon the highway.but it is generallyassumed to colonisenew sitesthroughtransportof seedson vehicles.I would like to suggestanothermoredirectmethodwhichcouldalsoexplainwhy coloniesaresenerall), more frequenton the centralreservation. Frenchdrainsarea commonmethodfor collectionandtransportof stormwaternrn-offfrom (see,for example.Figure2l in Ellis& Revitt(1991)wheretheyarereferredto as carriageways 'l)utch' drains).Theyareusedalongeither sideofthe centralresenvation exceptwheredrainageis exclusivelv to the hardshoulder.Theyaregenerallyonly installedalonsthe shoulders whenthe highwayis in a cutting.Frenchdrainsarecomprisedofa perloratedpiperunningalonethe baseofa trenchwhichis toppedup with gravel.The originsofthis eravelvary.but at leasta proportioncomes from coastalsites.Coloniesof ('. tlanicacanoftenbe seento follow thegravelon thesedrainswhere theyoccur(for exampleon the northernendof the ,4404at High WvcombeNGR SU/8430.9017) Many of the siteswhere(-. donicaoccurson hiehwaysarewell inlandandthereis no connection with coloniesextendinginlandfrom the coast.Oneofthe naturalhabitatsofthe plantis pebblyshores (Stace1991)and('. danic'ct may arriveon highwaysthrouehtransportofseedsor shootswith gravel usedin construction of Dutchdrains.Thiswouldenable('. danicato establish alonqthe central reservation givingit an advantage duringhighwayconstruction, over otherplantspecies whichwould havetocolonisefromthehardshoulder Thesurr,ival ofcoloniesisthenlikelvtodependupon factorssuchas depositionofsalt andcompetitionwith otherplantspecies. Until recentlycontractsfor highwavconstruction havebeenlet to coverstretches between junctions.The originofthe gravelusedin Dutchdrainsshouldbe unilormwithinthese specified The degreeto whichthe originofthe gravelcontributes stretches. to colonisation ofinlandsitesbv ('. dtnticacouldbe verifiedby pollingthe contractors the orieinofthe gravelusedand to establish comparingthis with the distributionof recordsof C. danicu. Frenchdrainsneedto be replacedeveryten vearsandareno lonserconsidered bestpracticefor highwavdrainage. Thevmaytherelorebe expecledto declineasthevarereplacedbv otherdrainage Itt Notes and Articles s v s t e n r sl f t h e h a l o p h \ 1 i cp l a n t sr e c o r d e do n h r g h w a v sa r e a s s o c r a t e w d i t h t h e g r a v e l su s e di n F r e n c h drains. thev mal shou, a correspondine decline over the ne\t ten years The authors rvould like to thank John Swill fbr advice on current trends in the use ofFrench d r a i n si n h i g h w a l s References Ellis. J.B & Revitt. D Nl. ( l99l ) l)ruitruge,fion rootls: ('ontrutl and treotmeill o-f hign*4a"vrun-of;t'. U r b a n P o l l u t i o n C o n t r o l C e n t r e .M i d d l e s e r U n i r e r s i t v -L o n d o n . Stace. C (1991).,\'eu l:loro of the Brrtish Isle.s Cambridge. LrK. RICHARD LANSDO\IN. 4 Glentwonh Cottages. Coombe. WOTTON-LINDER-EDGE, Glos GLI2 7ND T I M P A N K H I I R S T . 4 4 T h e A v e n u e .L E I G H T O N B R O M S W O L D . H u n t s P E t S O S H THE ORIGIN OF OENOTHEM BIENNISL. sensustricto:A NEW HYPOTHESIS Therearedivergent hienni.s L. sensu opinions abouttheoriginof ()enotherq stricto(Common (EuropeanO. hiennis) This paperexamines Evening-primrose) the two principlehypotheses andsets out a casefor a new hvpothesis basedon obsen'ations at EmscoteWarwick.andSouthWales (Bowra 1992) lnLlolstl.rtn(1982pp 5 & 1l), K Rostanski describesEuropean O. hienrisasa speciesof Temperate EuropeandEastAsia(PrimorskiKraj in easternU.S.S.R..southernSachalin. northern Japan)but whichdoesnot occurin Nonh America.Previously. in 1968.he claimedthatthe species wasindigenous to the Eurasiancontinentandpresented asevidence. '(l ) the wide distributionof O. biennisin Europeasearlyasthe beginningofthe seventeenth century;(2) the uniformityandwidespread occurrence of O. hiennisin Eurasiaat the present time:and(3) the absence of the European0. bienntsin North America'(Cleland1972.p.314). The lateR.E. Cleland,however.considered Rostanski's evidencefor the presence of O. biemtisin Europein the early I 7th centurv'verv scantyor non-existent', that therecouldbe little doubtthatthe Europeanplantwasa typicalmemberofthe American(). htennisII race,andthat its ancestor probablystill existedsomewhere amongthe hundredsof strainsin easternNorth America.'One cannotbe sure'he added.'that the Europeanhiennisis absentin North America.'He agreedthat no plantshadbeenfoundwith the Europeanarrangement ofchromosomes in circlesofsix andeight;but he considered the changeiiom the usual,American arrangement ofcirclesof l4 to be a minorone that probablyarosein North America(pp.3l4-3l6). In his opinion,Oenothentwasa westem genusand 'EuropeanDlerlrl.s hemisphere probablvderiveddirectlyfrom North America'(p 305) It wasmostlikelvintroducedin soil carriedin ballastin earlvcargoshipsanddeposited nearEuropean ports(p.303) (1968).describes0.hiennrsasa'plant of-American P.H. Ravenrn I;loro [:uroTxtea origin cultivatedfor ornamentin Europeandwidelynaturalized'. C.A. Stace(1991)saysit originatedin Europe. In I 980, a young colonv of Oenollera subgenusOenotheraat Emscote,Warwick. was surveyed aboutfive yearsafterthe sitehadbeenallowedto go wild It wasfoundto consistmostlyof a central group of 16650. bienniswith compactgroupsof 205 O. glaziot'iona(Large-flowered Evening-primrose) and 134O. comhricct(Small-flowered Evening-primrose) on oppositesides,and 221 scattered hybrids.Eightyearslaterthe colonyhadbecomea hybridswarm:out of4,297 plants, only three'pure'0. biemtis.four 'pure' O. glaziot'imraandno 'pure' O. cambricawerefound. 'wastreatedasa hybrid(Bowra 1992) O.fallax (lntermediate Evening-primrose) Thisbehaviourconformedwith the footnoteon page1064of Gray'sManual of Botany.Sth ()enotheraas'a hopelessly edition(1950),whichdescribes subgenus confusedandfreelyhybridizing group' But in 1972-Cleland.who in 192718hadspenttwo summers anda winterin Europe, specifically refutedthis description. In a chapteron the Evolutionof the North AmericanOenotheras (Subgenus Oenothera)he saysthat 'it is not truethat the eveningprimroses asa groupare"freely Notes and Arliclcs l(, hybridizing";.. .theyaretbr the mostpart self:pollinators andrarelyhybndize(p 228) He descnbes how 'in mostoenotheras, the pollenburstsoverthe stigma24 hoursor longerbeforethe flower opens,the stigmasoonbecomesreceptive.andthe eggsareoftenlertilizedbeforethe flower opens' (p297) InaChapteronrheOe,wtheraFloraof Europe.(). hiermi:; L isshownasself-pollinating (p 30a),andin an earlierpublication(1964p 94) he pointsout that insectsprobablveffectmore selfthancross-pollination astheytravelfrom flowerto flower on the sameplant. Accordingto theirflower structure,the EmscoteO. hienni.s shouldhaveself-pollinated. but the virtualdisappearance ofso manywithineightyearssurelvsuggests that thevdid not In 1989,nearMargamin SouthWales(whencethe EmscoteO. camhrtcttoriginated), c.800,'o of plantspreviouslvconsideredto be 'pure' O. c'qmbricawere found to be hybridswith O. hrennis (Bowra I 992).Yet therehadbeenno recordsof'pure' (). bienni.s sincethe lgth Century(Rostanski & Ellis 1979) This hvbridizing-out alsosuggests that the original(). hiennisdid not self-pollinate Many othercoloniesin Britainarehvbridswarmsof two or threespecies. and.Rostanskiinformsnre. alsoin Europewhere'Americannewcomers'havecomeinto contactwith EuropeanO. hienni.s. in (pers.comm September onecolonvnearKatowicein Poland.the species hascompletelvdisappeared tee2\ O. camhricais considered bv AmericanandsomeEuropeanbotaniststo be a phenotvpe ofthe A m e r i c a n O . h i e n n i s ( D i e t r i c h l 9I9nlB ) ritainithasbeenshowntodifferfromEuropeanO.hienni.s 'pure' in that speciesdo survivein hybridswarms(Bow'ra1992) It seemsthereforeprobablethat O. cqmhricaisin lact a strainof AmeicanO. hiennrs.that its chromosomes arein circlesof l4: and that it hasat leasta measureof self-pollination The species hasnot beencltogenetically analysed. Behaviourat Emscoteandin SouthWalesstronglysuggests that EuropeanO. hienni.sis self-incompatible, a conditioninvolvingsterilityfactorswhichpreventpollengrainsgerminating on any stigmawith the samesterilityfactor.In a chapteron Self-Incompatibilitl,. Cleland( I 972) concludes that 'it is evidentthat sterilityfactorswereat onetime widespread amonsthe ancestors of the present-day formsofsubgenusOenothera'(p.167) Thoseancestors would haveincludedthe populationknownasO. biennis/. whichis thoughtto haveevolvedandspreadacrossNorth Americaduringthe third interglacial period(p.301) A self-incompatible European0. bienni.s mustlessenthe chances of its beinga strainof modern self-polfinating AmericanO. hiemis 11.but the overallsimilaritymustsurelyindicatea common perhapslinkedwith the isolatedpopulationof probabledescendants ancestry. of O. hienni.s I called thehookeris.This populationgrowswestofthe RockyMountainsand.probablvbecause ofisolation, 'still retainsthe openpollination'(but (p 231)) 'and mostlvpaired not the self-incompatibilily chromosomes' have populations that must characterised (Cleland(1972)p.256). the early' A time-span.say.of fiftv thousandvearswouldhaveprovidedsuitableclimateandampletime for a strainto spreadfiom the westcoastofNorth Americato neighbouring Asia.andexceptfor mutations('conspicuous by their rarity' (p 326)).an isolatedtrue-breeding populationwould have remaineduniformasit slowlyspreadto Europe References Bowra.J.C (1992).HybridizationofOenot&erurL. subsenus()enothera inBritain.R.\RI Neu's6l l9-33 Cleland,R.E. (1964).The EvolutionarvHistoryof the North AmericanEvenincPrimroses of the "BiennisGroup". Proceedingsof rheAmericanPhtkt.sophical,\oclery.108(2):88-97 Cleland,R.E. (1972) Oenothera.cfiogeileticsand evtlution.Londonand New York. Dietrich, W (1991) The Statusof OenolheracambricaRostanskiandO. mt'ue-scotiueGates (Onagraceae)l+atsonial8 407-408 Raven,P.H. (1968'1. OenotheraL. in Tutin-T G.etal . eds..I:ltrq Lurcptteu2 306 Cambridge Rostanski,K. ( 1982) The speciesof OenotheroL in Britain llat.sonio14 I -14 Rostanski,K. & Ellis,R.G. (1979).EveningPrimroses (Oenotherol- ) in Wales.Noturern Lltttles16. 238-249 Stace,C.A. (1991)Neu'Fkra of theBrirtshIsles,pp 531-534Cambridge JOHN C BOWRA. 29 GeoreeRoad.WARWICK CV3.15LX 2t) Notes and Articlcs DUEL ON THE A38 I r r r i t e i n r e s p o n s e t o R a _ " - G o u l d ' s n o t e i n B . \ R / , \ ' € , uT.hr e 6 r8e. 2 w7a s n o i n t e n t i o n t o i m p u g n t h e 61. 15-1'7.Itwashowevernecessary reputationof the Rev. Rogers,in mv articlein R,\B/Nev'.s to put fonrard ideasasto the absence of Sorbustlevoniez.sls andpresence ol.\. ntrminalis,at the sitein q u e s l i o nI n a d d i t i o n . [ . J . M a r g e t t s - i n t h e f o r e * ' o r d t o t h e l 9 T S r e p r i n t o f D a v e y ' s e x c e l l e n t f ; l o r a o f ('orrruoll(1q09)(rlith supplenrent by F. ThurstonandC.C.\rigurs.1922).makesthefollowing obsenation. 'No less rathera pitl', sincethis sectionis thantwentv-fourpagesaredevoted10the brambles. The lateFrancisRilstone.who spenta life-timestudyingthe absolutelvriddledwith mistakes. Comishspecies. estimated that about40?i'of thoselistedby Daveyarewrong.The reasonfor hadonlvjust been this is quiteclear W. Moyle Rogers'handbookon the Britishbrambles published. so u'hatcouldbe morenaturalthanthat Davevshouldsendhisgatherings to this Neitherofthem at this time specialist, andthat he shouldacceptRogers'determinations? understood that the Cornishbrambleswerelarqelydistinctfrom thoseof the restof Britain.' Reassessments arecommonplace,andRa.v" Gouldshouldacceptthatall peoplein history.will have beenfoundto havemadeerrors. I don't shoot.but I couldusea bow andarrowor a blowpipe! DAVID C CANN, Halbury.MorchardRoad,COPPLESTONE. Devon RARE PLANTS GROT]P of the AshmoleanNatural Historv Societyof Oxfordshire In lateautumn1993.a eroupof peopleconcerned with the statusof scarcewild flowersin Oxfordshiregot togetherto form a RarePlantsGroup.Thiswaspartlva response to Plantlife's 'Back from the Brinl<' campaignandaimedto follow its principlesandeffectivelyact asa county-based branchofthe society.The RarePlantsGroupwasformedasan offshootofthe Ashmolean providessomefinancialassistance NaturalHistorySocietywhichsenerously andlogistic support. The preliminarvaimsofthe groupareto monitorthe rarervascularplantspecies occurringin Oxfordshirein orderto record. a the presence/absence ofeachat all historicalsitesandthe exactstatusofeachspecies whereit still occurs. b. anyexternalthreatsat individualsitesto the species ofinterest. c. the currentstateof the habitatat eachsite-includinsvecetationsurveys,mappingandtaking fixed-pointphotographs We aimto collectdataon all historicalsitesto assess boththe long-termtrendsin distributionandthe ecologicalrequirements for eachspecies. mayalsobe Studiesofpollinatorsandautecology necessary. In the light of this information.the next stepwill be to suggestsuitablemanagement prescriptions for thosespecies requiringaction,andto undertake work asappropriate in consultation with the landowners. Whereappropriale it is alsoplannedto collectsmallquantities to of seedfrom localpopulations maintainlocalgenowpesin cultivationat OxfordBotanicGardens. Thiswill providea largerseed sourcefrom whichreintroductions or introductions couldbe carriedout. The RarePlantsGroupwill enlistthe helpof localvolunteers to helpwith fieldwork (at all levels),hopefullyculminating in the provisionof a localcontactwho will be ableto monitoreachof the specieson a year-by-year basisandsuggestand/orcarn out management work asnecessary. Notes and Articles 'I o begin with, we are concentrating on the most nationallv th_reatened and locally important species,which do not currentl-vhave specific monitorins or managementwork in the Oxfordshire area.The 1994'hitlist' was asfollows CreepingMarshwort Apittnt repensa (' 1'rtog GreenHound's-tongue I ossum germun i c um* Mudwort Limosella atluotic0 Pasqueflorver l)u Lsttlt I la vt lgori s* MeadowClary S0h'ia prateil.\is* PerfoliatePenny-cress Thluspi perfolianm* BrecklandSpeedwell I erottico praec<tx We surveyedat leastone siteeachfor all ofthe abovespecies. andundertookcountsat all sites wherethe species werepresent.For eramplethis includeda new,site.currentlysupporting97o ofthe BritishpopuiationofPerfoliatePennycress. i!{anagenrent andmonitoringwork at siteslor the last threeofthesehasalreadybeenorganisedfor winter '941'95andnext spring.but we wouldalsolike to increase the numberofspeciesinvolved.andinclude. DenseSilky-bent Apera tnlerruplo MaidenPink Diortthu.s deltoides EarlyGentian Gentiunella unglica SandCatchfly Silene conico In future.we arealsoconsiderins the followingspecies Pheasant's-eye Adont.s annua (-arex vulpina True Fox Sedge GhostOrchid [,p ipog i un ap h;,'I I uma aBroad-leaved Cudweed Filago pvramida/u* ()e nt i ane I Ia germani ctt ChilternGentian Grass-poly Lv/hnrm hy,s:ttpifilia Narrow-leavedWater-dropwort Oenanthesrlatfolio tEarly Spider-orchid Ophn's sphegodes Burnt Orchid Orc'hi.su.stulata Small-leaved Sweet-briar R<tsct <tgrestis aDolvny Woundwort germanica Slachv.s Broad-fruitedCornsalad tr'alerionellarimosa ' A't' marksthosespecies for whichwork is alreadybeingundertaken, anda'f marksthosethatwe believeare now extinct Asterisksmark thosefor which all previousrecordswould be particularly appreciated. aswe would like to look at lrendsat the betterknownsitesandto resurve.yold, neglectedsiteswherethe species may still occur.or viableseedsmayremainin the seed-bank. Also importantin this respect(thoughunder-represented in the list abovedueto logisticreasons) are arable-field annualswhichappearto be makinesomething ofa comebackin manyareasandabout which relativelylittle is still known, as they occupya seeminglyunder-recordedhabitat.We hopeto be provedwrong on this! (e.g.I now know of a farm in BerkshirewhereRamtncnlus an'enys appeared in moderatequantityduring 1994.) The list containsspeciesfor whichdatahaverecentlvbeengathered(e.g ScarceSpecies Project) andwhichwe will accessvia EnglishNatureor the appropriate co-ordinating body,and.for example. anynon-confidential recordsalreadypassedon to the BSBI countvrecorderwilt be providedfbr use by the group.Thankvou in advanceif you havesuppliedinformationin thiswav. As a memberof both the Wild Flower Societyandthe BSBI, I know lhat localknowledseof a species numbersand sitescanbe far betterthanthat obtainedthroughofficialchannels! Ifvou cansupplyaccurateinformationon sitesandor numbers(with gooddates)ofany ofthe abovespecies, thegroupwould be mostappreciative. This mavbe particularlvimportantfor small persistingin hedgebanlsor on the edgesofwoods, etc.,for whichno svstenratic outlierpopulations recordinghaseverbeencarriedout. 22 Notes and Articles AII the work is beingcarriedout underthe watchlirleyesof EnglishNlarureand tstsONI and with the supportofPlantlife.Ifyou think that you canhelp.pleaseget in contact. JOHN MLIDDEMAN on behalfof RPG. All correspondence to. Dr C HUXLEY-LAMBRICK, RarePlantsGroup.PickettsHeath.The Ridgeway'. BoarsHill, OxfordOXI 5EZ THE NEW LIST OF'NATIONALLY SCARCE'PLANTS Having beeninvolvedto someextent.behindthe scenes.with.\'c'arcePlants in Rritain, it is good to seethe book in print at last.The editorsareto be congratulated on an excellentproduction.It will surelybe ofenormousvalueto all thoseengaeedin the business oftrying to conservethe less commonmenrbers flora. of our indigenous My one criticismof the book is that it failsto questionthe continuingwisdomof labellingas 'nationally The editorsacknowledge, of scarce'any plantfoundasa nativein l6-100 l0-km squares. course.that knowinga species is presentin a particularl0-km squareprovidesno indicationofits populationsize.The useoftetrad frequencies for somespecies is helpful,andwouldcertainlybe worth extendingto other speciesas sufficientfield databecomeavailable.One thing highlightedby the tetrad data is that two speciesfound in a similarnumberof I O-kmsquaresmay havevery different tetradtotals. For example.Pilularia globulfera (Pillworl) (90 lO-km squares)is known to occur in I 55 tetrads.whereasMinuarti.t verna(Spring Sandwort)(92 lO-km quares) is known from 276 tetrads.Thus.while I 0-km squarerecordsfor thesespecies suggesta similarlevelof'scarcity',tetrad data indicatethat Pilu laria is markedly'scarcer' thanMinuartia. One is forcedto conclude(surprise, surprise!)thattherecordingofpresence/absenceona lO-kmsquaregridfailstogiveusaparticularly goodmeasureof 'scarcity' The tetrad data indicatethat a speciesoccurringin, say-120 squares(labelled'not scarce')might in fact be'scarcer'thananotherspecies occurringin 90 (labelled'scarce'). Ofcoursethe'old list' (NatureConservancy Council1989)sufferedfrom the sameproblemasthe new onein this respect, but it hasbeenhighlightedagainbecauseso manyspeciesincludedon the old list havenow been foundin morethan 100 l0-km squares (from 1970onwards)- andhavethereforebeenlabelled'not scarce'anddroppedfrom the new list. The ironyhereis that manvofthese'relegated'species arenow considered not scarcebecause we haveput so much eftbrt into findingthem- which, put anotherway, simplymeansthat the harder we searchfor a speciesthe lessscarceit appearsto be (although,needlessto say,finding a plant in a 'new' localitydoesn'tchangeits onejot - it only changes abundance ourperceptionofits positionofhavingto say,on abundance). And so it is that we now find ourselves in the unenviable the onehand,that a particularspecies is now'not scarce',yet on whichwe usedto consider'scarce' the otherhandknowingthal this very samespecies hasdeclined. minimus(Mousetail).It was I don't wishto labourthis pointbut take,asan example. M_vo.rurus includedon the old list.havingbeenrecordedin theAtlas in 58 I 0-km squaresfrom I 930 onwards. However,from 1970onwardsit wasrecordedfrom I I I squares. andso canno longerbe regardedas nationallyscarce.Yet thereis no evidence indeed,the accountby Clive that this species is increasing; 'declined Chatterssuggests that it is in markeddecline.it has throughoutits range...[the map suggests] declineis dueto intensive a largerandmorestablepopulationthanactuallyexists...the arableand grasslandmanagementandthe abandonment ofextensivegrazingofagriculturally ' marginallow4andgrasslands 23 Notes and Aniclcs 'f he caseof Rumexpalusr,l.r(MarshDock)is evenmoreuntbrtunate in 69 squaresin the Atlas, andfrom 1970 onwardsfoundin I 0 I squares. it hasdulybeendroppedoff the list despitethe (GoldenDock) fact that,accordingto OwenMountford.it is 'decliningin Britain'.Rumexmdritintu.s too hasgone.eventhoughit has'declinedsharply...due to elimination offarm pondsandsurplus regulationofwater levels' ditches,the drainageofwet grassland andthe increased In mv morecynicalmomentsI find myselfwonderinqwhether.if we hadtried a bit harderwe couldhaveremovedevenmore species from the list! The species on the {iont cover.Mertensio (foundin 100squares) marilimo(Oysterplant)is onlvthereby the skinofits teeth:andbv addinga few new recordsseenby me last year I could renderOrobunt'hehetleroe(Irv Broomrape)(97 squares)'nolongerscarce'! Ofcourse,onecouldarguethat the practicalconsequences ofthe changes to the list areunlikelv Yet, asthe book makesclear.nationallyscarcespecies'areusedin to be ofmuch significance. importanceofsites:their presence is oneofthe criteriausedto select evaluating the conservation SitesofSpecialScientificInterest'.Changingthe list meansthat theremavbe currentlyunprotected siteswhichnow qualifofor notificationas SSSIs.This is fine.but (moreworryingly)therearelikely whichareno longer to be manySSSIswhichwereoriginallynotified.in part,on the basisof species regardedas 'nationallyscarce'.For example.theremustbe quitea few grassland SSSIsin southern and south-westEnglandwhich were originallynotified in part becauseof Oenonthepimpinelloides (Corky-fruitedWater-dropwort). norvregardedas'not scarce'It wouldof coursebe a species wrongto claimthat suchsitesaresomehow'lessimportant'now thatthe planthasbeendroppedoff the list - SSSInotificationis, afterall. recoqnitionofthe valueofan entireecosystem. notjust ofone speciesin isolation- but nevertheless onewondersto what misusethe new list mightbe put where, for example,an SSSIcontaining'no longerscarce'species wasin the way ofa proposed developmentscheme. PerhapsScarcePlanls in Britain hasmissedan opportunityhere.In my view it shouldhave examined, in the light of the increased intensityof survev.whetheror not the I 00 I 0-km square upperlimit is still appropriate. Shouldthis limit perhapshavebeenraised?Surely,if we werehappy to have 100 squaresas the upperlimit usingas our information-base theAtles (and knowine that for so many speciesthe surveycoveragefor theAllas was incomplete),then the relativecompleteness of the morerecentsurveyshouldleadus to 'reset'this upperlimit A quick look at the book suggests that for most species the numberof'recent' recordshasroughlydoubled(despitethe fact that many ofthem havecontinuedto decline):perhaps, then,a casecouldbe madefor raisingthe upperlimit to, say,200 lO-km squares. Whenall's saidanddone,it doesseemmorethana little perverse that our list of 'nationallv got perception has scarce'plants shorter.while our is that habitatdestruction andthe lossofscarce species'populationsshouldhavemadethe list a good deallonger! SIMON J. LEACH, EnglishNature.Roughmoor.Bishop'sHull. TAthiTON, Somerset TAI 5AA FIFTY PENCE WELL SPENT Yesterday I've wastedno time in settinshandto keyboard- I pickedup a well-usedcopyof Illustralions tf the British lTora by Fitch and Smith. l93l forjust 50p It would havebeena bargain just asthat but, as soonasI openedit, I couldtell that this wasno ordinarywild flowerbook.for it containeda numberofinterleavedadditionsandwascoveredin annotations I oncefounda dictionaryin this state.The previousownerhadcheckedjustabouteveryword andcross-referenced the wholethingl Perhapsa crosswordfanatic.I thought.but I wasnot terribly impressed by that ridiculouswasteof effort.Yesterday's find is a differentmatter.The ownerhad writtenaroundeachillustrationnotestakenfiom localplantcatalogues andlistsandthenhe had systematically setdown his own records,eachof whichhe markedwith his own tick and 'B' svmbol to showthat he'd seenit himself. p Notes and Articles Now, thisbook couldnot havetbunda moreappropnatenew owner.onewrth a botanicalbent who hasalreadybroushtbackto life the ancientcivic musicians of York. thecity waites (Mem.weather.l9lt8). andpublished the biographyof a forgottenVictorianvillagefiddler.Lawrence (l\,lenl.weather Leadler'( I 827-97)afterthe discoveryof his musicmanuscripts & Seanle.I 9s4) I hal'ea lascination with thosewho aregone.perhapsforgotten,but haveleft something ofthemselves behind Nert I haveto find out moreaboutPercvBurnett.Ilon. SecretanandTreasurerofthe 'Longmi'nd'. WhitbvNaturalists'Club in 1948.residentat lg RuswarpLane,Whitby,North Yorks who boughthisFilch& Smithin 1933 Percysignedanddatedthe insidefront coverandenclosed the 1948sumnerprogramme ofthe tenn stuckon it. maps,a Whitbv Nats He alsokept papercuttinqs.a cardwith twelve(ientianct photographof Trolliusat Goathlandin 19.17andbitsofsquashedorchids.etc. Almosteveryplant illustrationis surrounded Manv of the notesaregiveninitials,e.g.E.R.-R.B.,T.N., by annotations. l hisrecordsthat.onpagel.hehasprovidedakevtohis K M C T h i s m a n w a s s o c a r ewfiut h 'Notes sources.R.B. wasRobertBraithwaitewhoseplantcatalogueof 1848is in Whitbymuseum. from F Snowdenlakenfiom hisbook of recordsloanedto me July. 1939 R.B.' T.N. appears to havebeenT Newbittwhoseold recordsin nrssarealsoin Whitb_v museum.Thereis moreto be bv carefulworkingthrough.Remember, discovered I haveonly hadthisbook for 24 hoursandI alreadyknow an awful lot aboutPercl'Burnett. Betweenthe pagesthereis alsoa photographofsix men.five womenanda dog in someone's garden.It's prettyobviouswhat wasgoingon. thev'vejusthada gooddayout in the field,andnow they'rehavinga summerout-doortea.Frustratingl-v out olcharacterfor our man,he hasn'tlabelled the picture,so it will take sometime to find out who theywere.whereandwhen.but it shouldbe possibleand I bet PercyBurnettturnsout to be oneofthem. BSBI Neu.sis just aboutthe bestplaceto tell this story.l'm surethat therearememberswho knew Percl'Bumettin personor by reputation.He musthavebeena significant figureamongWhitby - he wasbotanicalrecorderfor WhitbyNats.If I get myselfto the andNorth Yorkshirenaturalists UniversityLibrarvandcheckthroughthe excursionschedules of the YNLr or TheNantralist,he'll turn up, andwhenI stan to talk to people,informationwill floodout. I'd love to know who PercyBurnettwasandwhat happened to him. If onesmallbook makesit recorder.thenhe musthavehada herbariumandstacksofbooks so obviousthat he wasa systematic and files of noteswhich. I hope,found a safehome.Mv instinctis that his effects,includingmy chancefind, weresoldoffwhen he died(I apologiseto him ifhe's still around)andscattered all over the place. Ifreadersknow anythingofPercyBurnettI'd be very gratefulto hearfrom them. References Fitch.W.H &Smith.WG 193I lllustt'otionsof theBrirish['-lorsL. Reeve&Co.Ltd.Ashford. Kent. Merrvweather. J.W. 1988.Yorkl\4usic Sessions of York. Merryweather.J W & Seattle.M l9q4 TheL'iddlerof Helperb.t'.Dragonfly,Newbiggin-on-Sea, Northumberland. JAMESMERR\IVEATHER. Biolog- Department. Universitvof York. PO box 373,YORK YOI 5Y1V, CASES OF MISTAKEN IDENTITY,OR HEI)ERA HEADACHES DespiteHugh McAllister'sandmy work for 20 yearson iviesandpubtishing the findings.penniesare not droppingasmuchasthey mightl 'lrish' iv,v.Hugh lv{cAllister movedon to species from asmanycountriesashe Staninewith wa1.with no preconceived ideas,he examined could.Workingin a practical.svstematic andgrew Notesand Articles 25 materialfiom eachplace,countingchromosomes,looking at trichomesand noting diftbrencesand similarities. (wherecultivatedspecies wasthat A discoveryofconsiderable importance areconcerned) Willdenow'soriginalCanaryIslandsiry. endemicto that archipelago. doesnot occur.evenasan - Madeirahasits own endemic,the Azoresanother in anyotherpart of Macaronesia escape, (endemic),whileN Africahasa furthertwo species. and oneof whichis propagated by the thousand. a form of the otheris widelygrown in S Spain. Someworkersdealingwith namesof cultivatedivies,haveseenWilldenow'sorigina[pressed Thereis no doubt whateverthat this is validly publishedand type specimenof H. canoriensi.s. matchesthe plant there today,but agreeswith no other To applythe label'Hetlera canariensi.r'to plantsfrom Madeira,the Azoresor N Africa,is to misapplya perlectly'sound'name. Hugh McAllister findsHedera speciesfall into two groups.the largewhite-hairedand the small reddish-haired.The former are,H. helix- H. azorica andH. hibernica.thoughthe last falls midway between.All the restbelongto the other.muchlargergroup. A synonymyof 'H. canariensl.r''hasrecentlybeencompleted.It revealsthat H. canarien.si.s of 'lrish' By' I 864, Willdenowwaspublishedfour timesafterhim-but in 1834 GeorgeDon added Atlantic ivy (H. hibernica including'Irish') and Algerianwere lumpedin. and from then on most authorsin FranceandBritain,meantthe so-calledIrishwhenusingthis name.But in the 1890s writers. especiallvif German.often referredto N African speciesLater H. ozorica-H. muderen,si.s anda speciesfrom Portugalhadcreptunderthe umbrella.Who todavwould thinkit anythingbut quaintto say'H. canariensrs'andbe referringto 'Irish' iry? In the lastlew yearsthe curiousposition hasarisenwherein a singleissueof a journal. H. canariensismay meanAlgerianor true Canary. dependingon the writer. Speciesfound in the areacoveredby'Hedera canariensis' l. H. canariensi.s Willdenow, endemicto the Canaries 2. H. maderensl.s K. Koch ex Rutherford subsp.moderenslsMcAllister, Madeira 3. H. qzorica Carriere.Azoresendemic 4 H. marocc'anaMcAllister, Morocco and westernpart of Algeria 5. H. algeriensi.sHibberd,Algeria 6 H. maderenslssubsp lDericaMcAllister. SW Portugal,SW Spain 7 H. helixsubsp.lellxfound asfar southas S Spain 8. H. hibernica(Kirchner)Bean.Atlanticiry occursfrom SW Scotlandto the Straitsof N Gbraltar,alongthe Atlanticseaboard, but furthersouth.inlandalso- Pvrenees. Portugal,S Spain L H . c a n a r i e n s i . s 2 n : 4 8 , r e d d i s h - h a i r e dIgt irsoauppi t v s o f e w p e o p l e a r e u n f a m i l i a r w i t h F l o r a d e (]ran ('anmia. whichhasa good description andan ercellentcolourportrait oneglancewould popularin florists'andgardencentres. sufficeto showthisplantis in no way the species H. canoriensi.s is our only truly non-hardvirry,though it hasrecentlybeenplantedout in the - has haspoor adventitious roots-doesnot phase-change southofEngland.It is non-climbine. no fertileleavesandis very shv-flowering. Whenit does,thereis oneumbel.The foliageis dull grevish-green,flat and heart-shaped. Its nearestrelativeis H. colchica. 2. H. maderensl.r Almostunknownto botanislsand subsp.maderensis2n=144reddish-haired. gardeners alike.The mostcommonform is like a miniature'lrish' ily. exceptit is more yellow-green. It is an equallygoodground-coverer. formingdensemats lnlandthereis a more narrowlobed form. which resembles the Iberiansubspecies. 3. H. azorica 2n=48. white-haired The form grown for about I 50 vearshasmatt grey-greenleathery Fatsia-likeleaves.whenyoung.furry with trichomes.In the 1970sa cordaleform was introduced,in the field,thereis everypermutation between. 4. H. maroccona2n:48,reddish-haired. The form 'SpanishCanary'wasintroducedby the Clement's & Can Expeditions to S Spainwhereit wascopiouslyplantedandhasbeenfoundnaturalisedIt is alsogrown in the BotanicGardenon Tenerife,andis naturalised on GranCanaria.It hashuge glossyemeraldsharply-five-lobed leavesup to 12cmtall by'10 5cmwide.The ruby petiolesmar- Notes and Articles reachI I cm lonq.lt is so rampantit shouldbe plantedwith care.lt is hardierthanboth common andAlgerianivies 5. H. algeriensi.s 2n=96.reddish-haired. Aleerianivy is presumed to havederivedfrom the Moroccan iw andanotherspecies. It is believedto occupya smallerareaofNW A,fricathanthe hardier 'Gloire H. montccana.The kind incorrectlvlabelled'H. canariensrs'(usually the variegated de Morengo'),appearsto be a lowlandform; at higheraltitudes,toughleatheryfoliagedformsare found,thesehavebeenusedin qardensin the SE ofFranceandhavebeenfoundnaturalised on theIsleofMan.Thesoftlowlandformhasnaturalised 9 i9n. rT. h . ce l o w l a n d k i n d h a s t h i n . soft-textured leavespuckeredup slightlybetweenthe veins,ifshade-grown:the outlineis gently three-lobed. the centralthe longest.the basescordate.Like the Moroccan.it hasruby petioles. but considerably lessvigour.andit maybe cut to thegroundin winter. 6. H. muderensi.rsubsp.iberica 2n=144.reddish-haired. This plant hasprobablycausedconfusion over the years.il is obviouslydifferentin foliageshapeandcolour.andthe reddishtrichomes makeit distinctfrom the Atlanticandcommonivies.Beinea relictplant,it is variable,but it mostlvhasupsweptleaf-bases and3-5 lobes. 7. H. helix subsp.iell-r2n=48-white hairs.This is loundasfar southas Andaluciawhereit occurs amongcoloniesofthe othersubspecies andH. hibernicrr.As well asthe'usual'.the'south Europeancordateform' is seen-with heart-shaped foliagewith greyveins. 8. H. hihernica2n=96.hairsintermediate. The Atlanticiry confuses many.asthe wav in which KirchnerandBeanreferredto 'lrish'. meansthe form hashadto becomethe type,obscuringall otherforms.This speciesis asvariableasH. helix.It is not appreciated bv somepeoplethatthis is not a doublechromosome helix.ifit were.it wouldnot occurin suchvarietvover sucha huge geographic range.Thereis a doublechromosome helix from Sicily,andapartfrom possiblya greaterhairiness andslightlvmorevigour.it differsin no rvayfrom the commonirnr:it hasthe paleveinedfoliage unlikethehihernicoswhich.we suspect. black-green, derivetheir leaves,gloss.long petioles.intermediate hairtype.greatersizeandvigourand vellow-green sweetersapscentfrom the Nloroccanspecies. TheseHederoswill be describedmore fully at a later date.with a full synonvmy:this is just an interim reportto keepmembersin the picture.especiallv overthe positionof what is Canaryirv. Reference Kunkel,G & lVtA. (1978) l:lora de (jran ('anaria 2. p 72. plate79 ALISON RUTHERFORD-l9 SouthKing Street.HELENSBLTRGH. Dunbartonshire G84 7DU SEEDCOLLECTINGIN SICHTIAN At the endofSeptember1994.I andtwo otherstudentswereluckyenoughto go on a seed collectingtrip to Sichuanin WesternChina The BSBI. throughthe WarburgMemorialFund.was oneofour sponsors The mainpurposeofthe expeditionwasto discoverwhetherseedcollectedfrom individuals growingat the top of their altituderangewould provemorehard-v in Britainthanthosecollectedat the turn oflhe centuryat lower levels.We intendedto go to five differentlocationsin Sichuanand we hada list anddescriptions ofthose plants*e rvereinterested in. aswell asa schedule of observations andexperiments. Our basewasthe provincialcapitalChengdu.With our guidelrom SichuanUniversity,we setoff by mini-vanto our first location,\tr'olong.the DragonForest.We took it in turnsto driveandmade frequentstopsalongthe banksof the YingaxionsRiver.primarilyto look at lclilidia andAcer species. Our little van copedremarkably well asit wasdragqedandshovedacrossfloodsand landslides ).1 Notes and Anlcles -7 v : :-* d:^ o=;^ :\O s-j F >€ >l o 1* i: k a) ;o= ;-f> v,i 5?5. ! !{ (r* :: = -; .'* F i\: x,v :-c \ q ] .rEE J:. 9r> .='* ! z;! ' Ei s oi" !{ c -:v.\ o ..: ' o' -i - : \ Jr ir, i a -! ^€ !l s-E -* --oo \.- , ! dtj a7, .=9 *9: a 4 o-*i ,L l : \-\ ^:! r c€ > >E 23= F b.Y S:s <!9 * \+ .:{, ar = 28 Notcs and Articles Wolongis to the Westof Cheneduandis a protectedarea.Herewe \.!'ereableto recordthe exactrelationofspeciesto altitude.asw.ellascollectingsomevaluableseedof,-{cer.I'iburnumand I)nnymus. rich Emeishan. in finding Our nexl locationwasthe species or N,lountOmei We wereinterested hen4i- oneof ErnestWilson'sfavouritetrees-Aucuhaomeiensis andsome seedof Emmenoptery'.s lvlahoniospecies. We setoff with a groupof Buddhistpilgrimsby'busfrom Chengdu.Thejoumeyis only I 52kmandthe roadsweregood.Thereareseveralpilgrim'spathsto the summit,(3 120m), constructed of limestonesteps.We stayedin someof the manv.richlvornatemonasteries on the mountainand tried to avoid the gangsof monkeys!Our bestfinds from Omei wereAcat,thop.tnqx ewxliaefoliu.s-Plerocan'a macropteraand an as vet completelvunidentified('onnts. 200kmNorth of Chengduis on the Tibetanhighway.We wentby bus Songpan,approximately again,but this time it took 48 hoursto get therelHerewe werelookingfor rhododendrons and soilsin which conifers.ErnestWilsonclaimedthat in the hillsaroundSongpantherewerecalcareous grew rhododendrons. Unfortunately. thingshavechaneedsinceWilson'sday andnow its hardto find anytreewithin 20 milesof Songpan!We hireda localguidewho took us to somehiehwoodswhere we mademanvusefulfinds, an unidentifiedDaphne at 3440m.Sorbussetclu,anensi.s forms, some varietiesof Picea lihangensis andAbie.s.fahri,but no rhododendronsgrowing in alkalinesoils.The nearestu/egot werereadingsofpH7. Offby trainnow to Xichangin the Southof Sichuan.primarilvto attemptto photographand record specimensof Acer penlapb,llum. JosephRock discoveredthe plant in 1929at 3050m betweenBaurongandKulu. West of the Yalung fuver. Armedwith this impreciseinformationwe huntedin vainflorthe plant! We werethe first Westemers the peopleof the areahadeverseenandwe drew inquisitive crowdsin eachvillagewe passedthrough.We hadheardreportsthat theAcer hadbeenfoundquite recentlynearMuli, nearthe Yunnanborder,but the way wasdangerous. so in the end-our guidesfelt safertakingonly one of us. incoenito,thanall three We neverfound,4cerpentaphvlfum, but we now know whereil is maybenexttime!By wa_".' we collectedRhododerulnnt of compensation aur iculalum and severalinteresting.,lcer pectint um varieties. We collectedmanyrareandinteresting seedson our trip. I haveto admitwe onlycollected abouthalfofthoseon our list, but maybethat is onlvto be expectedin sucha vastandbotanically rich countrv.We weremorethancompensated bv the collections we hadnot beenlookingfor andby the rich culturaladventure. Thankyou for helpingus makethe trip! NEIL PORTEOUS.No I Old Butts Cottaqes.The Butts.SANDWICH.Kent CTl3 9HY WILD CLARY $ALWA VERBENACAIN CHURCHYARDS I readNick Sturt'sarticleonSalviaverhenacu in Sussexchurchvards (BSBI Nev's68)withgreat interest.ShortlyafterwardsI waspleased to readin Pepys'Diarythat on April 26th 1662,having stayedin Portsmouth. Pepysandcompanions travelled. '...overlo Gosport.andso rodeto my Lord Southamptons SouthamptonIn our way.besides parksand lands-...weobserveda little churchl'ard, wherethegravesareaccustomed to be all Sowedwith Sage' Pepys'partywas accompanied bv a localguide.who waspresumably the sourceof this information FRANCESABRAHAM. Old SchoolHouse.Ebernoe.PETWOR'IH.West SussexGU28 9LD Notes and Articlcs GREY WILLOW IN BOTH Lf,AF AND FLOWER On November23,1994.whenwalkineon WandsworthCommon.LondonS.W..Ken PageandI to seea willow in both leafandflower.On a closerlook. this turnedout to be a weresurprised largishbushof Satixcinereasubsp.oleiftlia.Its foliagewasfull, andfreshif not exactlyspring-like andthe catkinswerelargeandmale.It wasgrowingin a woodedpartof the commonin lightish shade. that I should by Mr R.D. l\leiklewho suggested The identification of the plantwas confrrmed quitelike thiswith catkinsandleaves reportthe find. sayingthat he hadneverbeforeseena specimen developed at the sametime in autumn. to know ifother peoplehavenoticeda similarphenomenon It would be interesting LONDON W l4 8JR ELIZABETH NORMAN. I 2 AddisonCrescent. THf WORCESTERSHIRE5OOCLTIB ofvascularplants Membership ofthe Club is restrictedto thosewho claimto havefound500 species oneFloraProjectco-ordinatorwith a particularly in a Worcestershire tetrad.It currentlycomprises vivid imagination. In the hopeofimprovingon this unhappyposition.it is proposedto mounta shortcourseaimed andinhibitionswhichhaveheld in the Projectto overcomethe constraints at helpingparticipants thembackliom achievingheftytetradtotals.Particularattentionwill be givento the needsofthose especially the nervousnineties, boggeddown in the upperreachesofthe four hundredsunfortunates The coursewill consistofa short sixtiesandseventies. excitableeishtiesandseriouslyunsatisfactory andfieldvisits sessions. (note l) lectures,individualandgrouppsychotherapy seriesofephemerolog_v to the mostlethalbits ofterrainin the county.Thosecompletingit canconfidentlyexpectto be Altrihutes(('.S1. li) neededto turn the key in the greatlystrengthened in the fiveCritical Success door to Club membership. Motivation Theywill emergefrom the coursewith their competitiveedgehonedto a westwoodian pertetradfigurefor the highestaveragespecies Theywill be in no doubtthat achieving sharpness. their 1O-kmsquarerankswith Englandwinningthe World Cup in the overallschemeof things. OutrageousOptimism Facedwith a choicebetweentwo look-aliketaxa,onecommonin everytetradin the BritishIsles ableto andthe otheronly recordedfrom the ScilliesandLlltimaThule,theywill find themselves they'vefoundin the pub car-parkis that thebotanicalscrag-end comeconfidentlvto the conclusion beyonddoubtthe latter PunctiliousPedantr-v(or the Pursuit of Trivia) to be found.theywill if therearemorespecies Giventhe premisethat you canfind morespecies convincedofthe validityofthe'splitting' approachto planttaxonomv.andwill see be intellectually nothingamissin havingFestucaolirrn dividedinto severalhundredtaxa separatedone from another in microns.Confrontedby somegaudygreatdeformity solelyon the basisof lemmalenEh measured of an Oenotherahybrid,they will curb their naturalandwell-foundedinstinctto nrn awayfrom the thing, and insteadengageit at closequartersin an effort 1oconvincethemselvesthat it is O.Jalku ratherthan one of the manifestations ol O. glaziot'iana ' O. biemri.s Disregardfor Danger and concernswith self-preservation. narrowandmean-spirited Theywill havelearntto suppress withouta thoughtfor the ever-present situations theywill pursuerecordsin the mostdesperate and/orinto reeking fallingofffriablelumpsof sandstone countryside: hazardsof the Worcestershire ohlu.sifttlra crucifixion.going pools,terminalentanglement in brambles, deathb1-Ro.sa settlement down with Weil's Diseaseor LymeDiseaseor both.etc. Notes and Articles Overcomingof Obstacles The.vwill sharethe garneric(note2) approachto problemsofaccess.whichis essentially based on the strikingcorrelationbetweenstraightlinesandshortestdistances. andtheywill be familiarwith theassociated cornucopian or'han'esthome'method collection. Whilstfully of specimen appreciative ofthe rightsofo*ners to enjoytheirpropertvin peace,quietandprivacy,they'will nevertheless be clearin their mindsthat thereareoccasions whentheserightswill be overriddenby primeconsiderations ofthe publicinterest(e g , the needto takea closelook at a flower-bedweed while the occupants watchattentivelvthrouchthe fienchwindow)(note3). A particularfeatureofthe coursewill be a specialworkshopfor thoserecorders who areanxious to havea betlerunderstanding ofthe aerodvnamics ofthe techniqueofdetermininscriticalJh/lx materialby throu,ingit over one'sleft shoulder(note4). In conclusionit mustbe stressed that this inrportantnew initiativewill not be allowedto compromise the high standards ofscientificrieourwhichhavecharacterised the FloraProjectfrom the outset. Recordsof P.serrcktfumorta lutea*ill still only be accepted if theyaresupportedby a videoof the ant carryingthe seedup the \\all Notes I The studyofday-oldcotvledonsenjoyinga brieflodeement in the cracksin pavements. An experienced ephemerologist hasbeenknown.by wav ofexample,to find representatives of40o% of the Madasascan flora in 100m of a North Londonstreetinsidehalf anhour. 2. Rogeteivesthe followingrangeof synonl'ms for garneric.-rumbustious. turbulent,tumultuous, uproarious. boisterous. maraudine, rampaeing, rapacious, raptorial,piratical,buccaneering, lreebootineandswashbuckling. 3. It is understood that William\l'aldegravehasnow accepted thatit maynot be possibleto implementcertainelements of the Citizen'sCharterin the Malvernarea. 4. A practicewhichis thoughtby somecommentators popularsong to hal'einspiredthe insouciant lyric 'Over mv shoulderqoesonecare. ', etc for anyincomprehensible in-jokesandwith thanksto PeterGarnerandBrett [With apotogies Westwood,two key membersof the FloraProject,for consenting to be adjectivally assaulted beforea widerreadership. Peterhassincebecomethe secondmemberolthe 500 Cluband.ablazewith ambition,formeda splintergroupcalledthe MalvernThousands.] BILL THOMPSON.Tile Cottage.Far Foresl.Nr BEWDLEY. Worcs DYl4 9UE No. 5, March 1993and I [The abovefirst appearedin the lforcester.shireFlora Project Nev'.sletler am gratefulto Bill for allowineus to reprintit here.Ed.] ARTIC,4 GALEOPSIFOI,IA IN NORFOLK F u r t h e r t o t h e n o t e b y B a r b a r a L a s t ( B i B ^ / A / gl v0..s. J6a8n. l 9 9 5 ) . t h e ' S t i n g l e s s N e t t l e ' h a s l o n g beenknown10Norfolk botanists.andwaspointedout to me manyyearsagoby the lateEric Swann rvho referredto it as Ilrtica dioiL'ovar. inermi.sthoughhe failedto mentionthe plant eitherin his Iilora or it's supplementFollou'inqGeltman'spaperin llatsonia I examinedseveralpopulationsof this taxonin Norlolk andcameto the conclusion that thel'wereidenticalin everyrespectto the WickenFenplanttheredescribed andit's continental counterpartA pink cardwasduly sentto Chris Prestonwho saidthat he would haveto awaitfurtherinstructions beforepublishing the recorduntil I/rlica goleopsiftslla hadbeenacceptedasa Britishplant.Notwithstanding this,I askedhelpers collectingrecordsfor the forthcorningTetrad];lora qf Norfolk to be on the look out for it andhave receivedseveralrecordsfrom Broadlandasa result.I havealsofoundseveralcoloniesalongriver andstreamlines, in old shadylanesandbridleways especiallv wherethesearecrossedby springlines in clay areas To date.sinceGeltman'spaper.I lrtica galeopsifoliahasbeenrecordedin 18 East Notes and Articles 3l 'get theireye Norlblk tetrads,and I would erpectthis numberto increase appreciably onceobservers in' for what is quitea distinctiveplant. In additionto the pointsmentionedby BarbaraLast.I would addthat the stemslook grevish. beingdenselvpubescent. In additionto Norfolk specimens. I havealsoreportedonesitein West Suffolkto Mrs Hvde AI.EC BULL. Hillcrest.EastTuddenham. DEREHAM. Norfolk. NR20 3JJ FEN NETTLE (URTICA GALEOPSIFOI,/,4) IN BERJ<SHIRE On 21 August 1994I waserploringa stretchof the fuver KennetnearWoolhampton. Berks. Crossinga footbridgeI lookeddown on a patchofnettlesofslightll'unusualappearance. tall and with slenderleaves;closerinvestigation shorvedtheseplantsto haveall the characteristics of ( lrtittr guleop.sifolioincludingnot stingingme. The plantswereon the riverbankin partialshade.growing with a numberof commonriversideplantsandwith the CommonNettle((trtica dioit'tt\ A specimen wasgatheredandsentto the vice-countl'recorder.Dr StephenJury who passedit on to Prof.D. V. Geltman.with whom he wasin communication at the time.The identitvof the wasdulv confirmedbv Prof Geltman,rvhoorieinallvdescribed specimen it lrom England(Iyotsoniu 19 127-9( 1992)),thusaddingyet anothersitefor this nettle.whichappears to be commonerthan originallyexpectedin Britain ALAN SHOWLER. l2 WedewoodDrive.HushendenVallev.HIGH \\YCON{BE. Bucks HPI44PA OBSERVATIONSON ORCHID POI,LINATION My article on Orchid Pollinalion in I'emhrokeshirein R.lB,riVeu's68. Jan. 1995.persuadedfive 'orchidnuts' to replv my to appealfor actualobsen,ations insteadofgeneralised andoftenvague book referencesI list the repliesbelow,alonewith the correspondents initials,asI am not happy aboutdirulgingtheiraddresses. but shouldanvreader/researcher wishto enquirefurtherI will pass on their Ietter. Orchismilitoris.EmPi:itessellarcpollinatingon 30.5.9j C.R. (LanglistsJpls. Bunhus and Syrphidae). Oph4:smsectiferaSimilarmemberof Empididaepollinatingon 29 5.93 C R (Langmentionsmale ()orytesmylaceus). Iipipacris hellehorine l'espulagermanica(probably)pollinatingin 1994in Wales C R Daclylorhizoftrc&sil(hybrid) Ochlodesvenata(largeskipper)pollinatingin 1994 C.R (Lang lists manyspecies ofbee and Syrphidae). ,Allthe abovevisitswererecordedon videotape.notabha good sequence ofthe wasp,plusattached polfensack,visitingEpipacti.s. Gutowski.J N 1990.mentions pollinationby 'longhorn' -1)..lirchsll beetlesin Polishprimevalforests. pvramidalis.Arpp'nnisaglaja (dark greenfritillary) and Tht'lemic'us.l,h".r/ri.s (small Anacampti.s skipper)feedingon, 24.'1.85 al WhiteDown. Sune1"J C (Lan,clistsbutterflies. morhsand Diptera) f.pipactispurpurala Wasps(presumably I'espulasp ) visiting-on 31 7 82 ar Boxhill.SurreyJ C Dacll,lorhi:a purpurella andD. incarnala Occasionallvpollinatedby Romhu.ssp. in 199.1. J.W. Daclylorhizamacuktta. Occasionallyvisitedby Syrphidaeand smallflies in 1994.J.W Platantherabtfolia.No visitsof insectsobsen'edin I 994 duringdegreedissertation in Northumberland by N.K.. nor anvmothswith polliniafrom nearbymothtrap.but he makesa Notesand Articlcs refbrence significant to Proi. L.A. Nilsson.1983,of L,ppsala University,Sweden,who liststhe followingmoth visitorsin Europe. pine H.tlt tiot.tprrrtt.ttrr Hvle.tgullr hawk-moths bedstrau l)etlt'lthtlu ,'lpenr elephant l )ei lephi fu port'e I I rr: s m a l le l e p h a n t Also llalitphohu.\ reticuldto. Hado nonu-.4pLlneu onogltpha. A..fttrvq. Plusia gumma(inopfux nttt'tillatu and Aplot'eru plegiule (a1somentioned by Darwin). \or were anv visits seenbv C.H. who rvatched a 55-strong colon,!-in a 10 squareyard patch in U f t o n \ [ ' o o d - W a r w i c k s h i r e -i n t h e 1 9 7 0 s . ]'lotontheruthlorutiht Novisitsseenb_vCH ofmoths.butterfliesorbeesinideal conditionsinthe '10 1970s. The colonl contained about 100 plants in squareyards of Ufion Wood. Warwickshire He lir,ed in the *ood as woodman and actually sat bv the orchids all night long on several occasions.with picnic hamper! Durine the two to three week flowering period he noted that t h e i r s c e n tw a s s l r o n q e s td u r i n g d a v 2 - . 1 .b u t t h a t o n d a v 1 0 - 1 4t h e i r p o l l i n i ah u n g d o w n ' l i k e pendulums'. after which capsulesdeveloped. He refers to Nl Catling's paper. 1980. which demonstrated that Itpari.s loeselii was self-pollinatedin every instanceb1'rain. References Catling. P M 1980 Rain-assisted autogamy in Lipari.s lrrcselii. Rulletin of the Torrev Rot. ('luh 107(4)525-s2e Gutowski, J.M. 1990 Pollination of the orchid I)ac'tt'lorhiza-fuchstiby longhorn beetlesin the primeval forests of Northeastem Poland. Biologit:ol (-onsen,ation 51. 287-297 . Lang. D. 1989. llild (h'chids of (]reat Brilain anLJJrelturrl. O.U.P.. Oxford. Nilsson, L.A. 1981. Processesof isolation and introgressiveinterplay between Platontheru bifitlict and P. chhrotho Bot. .httrnal of the Ltnnean ,\oc.81 325-350. GORDON KNICHT. l2 Ffordd v Felin. Trefin. HA\'ERFORDWEST. Dvfed 5A62 5AX POPULUSNIGRA subsp.BEIL,ZIFOLIA N.A,MES AND DATES 'Manchester I am trving to discover the date when the name Poplar' was first used llenrv. who poplars in studied some detail, makes no mention of the name (Henry l9l4). Having said this he also statesthat.'thistreedoesnotseemtohavebeenpropagatedbynurserymenlormanyyearspast...' (Elwes&Henryl906-13) ThiscannotbecorrectasStace(1971)statesthatthetreesinManchester were then between l0 and 100 years old This means that they would ha,"ebeen planted from 1870 onwards. long before Henrv was writing. This being the case, were nurserymen selling Populus nigra subsp.healtfolirr under another name? If so, what was itt Stace (1971) quotes Hadfield as using the name Manchester Poplar in 1957 It therefore seemslikelv that the name came into use sometime between 1914 and 1957. Can anyone shed more light on the matter? Answers to these questionsmay help to uncover the oriein ofthe clone/clonesinvolved. Whilst on the subject ofour native black poplar. can anvone tell me when the name Populus nigra subsp. beuliftlla first came into common usage and when it was first generallv acceptedto be native. I have recently been studying F.A. Lees' notebooks in the Leeds ReferenceLibrarv where I found that he describesthe sametree by two different names In 1907 (Florula Meanwood Vallev. Notebook No. 8) he describesit as P. nigra, while in I 9l 6 (Notebook No 9) he calls it P. nigra tar hetuli.folia.What had happenedin the 'lhe inten'ening vearst Had he read Henry"s accounts in Trea.stf Oreot Rnrain anl lrehrnd (Elwes & (iardener.s' ('hronicle (Henrv 1914)e I understandthat our native tree was Henry 1906-13) or The first describedin America bv Frederick Pursh and l\{ichaux (White 1993) although Henry (1914) ' well known to the pre-LinnaeanEne[sh botanists.whose numerous soecimens statesthat it was l3 Notes and Articlcs betweenit beingdescnbedtn Amencaandtt may be seenin the BritishMuseum.'What happened for thisgeneral beingacceptedasnativein this country?WasHenrythe manresponsible enlightenment? References Elwes-H J & Henry.A. (1906-13).TheTreesof GreatIJrittritrond lrelurd 6('+)66-68 56(l ) l-2. 56(3) '16-47. Henry,A (1914) TheBlackPoplars(iu'tleners'('hrotricleLibran Lees,F.A (1907) NotebookNo 8 LeedsRelerence Library Lees,F.A. (1916) NotebookNo 9 LeedsReference Poplar llcrrsonla8 391-39-l Stace"C.A (1971) The Manchester White. J. (.1993).Black Poplar: the ntostendangeredrutit'e limber tree rn Rrituin Forestry Research InformationNote 239 Commission. KEVIN PYNE. 100EdenCrescent.LEEDS.West Yorks LS4 2TR WATSONIAN VICE.COUNTIES IN LONDON _ 2 ln R.\81Neu,s68 Brian Wurzell refersto the needfor a London A-Z atlasshowingin detailthe in the Capital(ofEngland!)whichclarifieswhereeverystreetbelongs.The vice-countyboundaries good newsis that this hasrecentlybeendone.In the 199,1issueof TheLontlonNaturqlist.published paperby RodneyBurtonthatgivesthis at the endofNovember.thereis an illustratedsixteen-page in words-andwherethereis in andnearLondonaredescribed very information.All the boundaries especiallv bearingin mindthat mostLondon anydifficultyrelatingthemto modernboundaries. boroughboundaries changedslightlyrn 1994,markedfiguresfrom a streetatlasareprovided OffprintsofRodney'spapercanbe obtainedfrom me on receiptoffive unused2nd classor l9p stampsper copy. RhandirmwynLLANT)O\ERY, D),fed KIITH H HYATT. EditorLond.,\hr.. I Tremcelynog. SA2OONU. DIALECT PLANT-NAMES list of namesgivenrn The batchof nameswhichfollow form an interruptionin the alphabetical previouspartsof R.\R1Ner'.s.andareall nameswhichhavebeengivento cow parsley(Anthrt.sc'us sylvestris). I\{iddlesex. November1994] Blackman'soatmeal 'from friendsfiom York' [Edgvr'are. Break-your-mother's-heart- 'You know wild cow parsley. . we \!ere not allowedto pick it. We heart.'[Wimbledon.London.November1983] calledit break-your-mother's Bunker [Brundall,Norflolk,March l99l] '[Name] Cauliflowerflower usedby rnl fatherwhenreferrineto the cow parslevand.as he finds this familyvery confusing.for similarspeciesThe nameis cauliflowerflower.Thouehbrought he doesnot remember wherehe pickedit up. He has up aroundthe ClentHills fWorcestershire] alwayscalledit by this name.'[WestStow. Suffolk.JanuaryI99 I ] flesh I Deadman'sflesh-'As a childin the lpswichdistrictI alwavscalledcow parsleydeadman's I didn't know of anvothernamefor the assume becauseso muchof it growsin grave--vards. plant' [Stowmarket.Suffolk.September 1985] Devil's porridge [Dublin.May 1993] dog'sflourish.As a Dog's flourish - 'The centralwest Scotlandnamefor Atthn.sc'lr.r.r'r'/r.'e.slrl.r localin her 70s said."well- it srowson the vergeswherethe dogshavebeenl"' [Helensburgh. Dunbartonshire. FebruaryI 991l Notes and Articlcs Gypsy lace I l aunton.Somerset, April 1994] Hemlock- 'Cow parsley- widelyin Norfolk calledhemlock.andvery unluckyto pick andtake indoors' [EastTuddenham. Norfolk.October1984] I 993] Keck IShipston-on-Stour, Warwickshire, September weeds.I heardthisfrom my Kex '[Namegivento] cow parsley.and/orothercoarseumbelliferous fatherabout1930walkingthrougha fieldhe hadknownas a boy (alsonearBaltymoney).' Co. Antrim.Januaryl99l]. Also recorded,askecks,from Gloucestershire. [Ballycastle. October Kexy or Keksie- LincolnshireISt Albans,Hertfordshire. andAlvingham,Lincolnshire, tee4l andwould Kill-vour-mother-quick- 'Cow parsley my mothercalledit kill-your-mother-quick, neverallow it in the houseor shew-oulddie.QueenAnne'sLace[anothernamefor the plantis] generallvunderstood but also[refersto] her (QueenAnne's) to referlo its lacelike appearance, ' tragicchildlosses [Witham.Essex.May 1983] in thethirties,childrenusedto ref'erto Mother-die- 'When I wasgrowineup in Northamptonshire cow parsleyasmother-dieandpredictthat,ifyou pickedit andtook it home,your motherwould andmv nrother.I'm gladto say,is stillaliveandwellf)' shortlydie (l nevertried the experiment. July t983] Also recordedfrom Norfolk. SuffolkandYorkshire [Oakham.Leicestershire. Pig weed-'Cow parsley.all foresters[in the ForestofDean] kept at leastonecottagepig and bunchesofcow parsleywereoftenfed to it. togetherwith newbrackentops.blackberrytips, etc..asa changeof diet from kitchenscraps.But you mustn'tfeedthisto a little pig or.vou would "stitch'un". In otherwordsit wouldsrow too quicklyfor its skin.' [Cinderford, Gloucestershire. NovemberI 993] givenunderkill-your-mother-quick. the explanation above,has QueenAnne's Lace .- widespread. only beenrecordedonce. Sheep'sparsley- Suffolk [EastTuddenham. Norfolk.May 1994] Shit parsley- 'An old manwho usedto live in the village.who dieda few vearsagoaged80. used ' to call cow parslevshitparslev [Wickham.Cambridgeshire. April 1993] Stepmother'sblessing- 'As a childin Yorkshire.we wouldneverpick the tallish.lerv smallwhite flowersthat grew by the wavside... manvtimesI wastemptedto pick them,but wastold not to asit was calledstepmother's blessingor mother-die... asI wasvery fond of my mother,I did whichwaswhat wouldhappen"I wasinformed-if I picked not wishto acquirea stepmotherShropshire. March1983]. them' [Astrley, Thanksto AnnettaAndrews.PatriciaM. Berrv.Alec Bull. RayCowell.BrianDawson.Betty Loring. HelenD. Megaw,ElsieOlivey.W Osborne.NormanPage.CalvinPodd.JohnN Porter.BrianRich. AlisonRutherlordand StellaWilsonlor theircontributions. ROY VICKERY- l2 EastwoodStreet.LONDON. SW166PX HERBARIUM OF D. DICKINSON MPS (fl. IE75-I902) l) Dickinson'sherbariumoriginallyconsisted ofthree leatherandclothboundvolumescontaining '1875 pressedspecimens collectedin the BritishIslesbetween and 1902.Onevolumeof cryptogams aremissing,presumed This herbarium andanotherofangiosperms destroyed. is not listedin Kent & Allen,British & Irish Herbaria (1984). The sin_ele extantvolume.apparentlyvolumeone of the originalthree.contains32J lea"es.28 ' i5 cm. eachwith a greenclothtab-andbearinqan angiosperntspecimen(exceptfor a singleLqtisetllr, (Horsetail)anda.lunipents).The contentsof this volumeweremostlycollectedbetweent878 and l88l The first threesheetsaredamaged by sootandfoldingbut the remainder arein a goodconditionEachsheetcontainsthecommonand Latinnamein copperplatescriptandusuallvtherearenoteson thelocalitv,a dateandoccasionally additionaldetails.Thereis alsoa separately boundindex.consisting ofpages159-l8l that havebeen removedfrom a printedbook whichwasentitled(accordineto lhe runningheads)OlLllinglish ll'ild Notcs and Articles i5 I;lowers. fhis index is annotatedwith the appropriateherbanumsheetnumbersibr volumeone. I he coverofthe indexbearsan importantclueasto the collector'sidentitv- a pharmacylabel'D. Dickinson,Chemist-HoolePharmacy. that D. Dickinson Chester' Thrsperhapssuggests developedan interestin botanyfrom his pharmaceutical studies.althoughthe collectionconsistsof generalmaterial,both wild and cultivated,with no specialisation apparent.By far the largestnumber mentionedRiponsites of collections(c.165)weremadearoundfupon (v.c. 64) in 1878 Frequently rvoods.Parker'splumpand include:Ashfieldwoods,Bell banks-Hutton moor.Maggashaw There Whitecliff The othermainlocalitvis Nottingham(v c. 56) in 1879with at least40 collections. in the form ofa few specimens lrom otherlocations. is evidenceofpossiblevacationexcursions Theseinclude;Coventry( I 880).Grantham( 1879),Leamington( I 880. I 881. I 887).Orknev( I 880). RBG Kew (1880) Oxford(1880),Sussex(1880).\l'ales(1902)-andperhapsembarrassingly foliage. The standardofpressingis highwith evidentcarebeingtakenover delicatedissected suchasF'umaria(Fumitory).The stateof preservationis alsoexcellentwith little insectdamageand mostspecimens haveretainedtheir colourwell especiallv the blueflowersof Li'hlum vulgare (Viper's-bugloss). The annotations on somesheetsprovideulimpsesinto the personalfeelin_es of D. Dickinsonwho 'l evidentlyhadan eyefor naturalbeauty. got someofthe exquisiteflowers.but theyspoiledon drying. D.' (Menyanthestrtfoltata, Boubean) 'The pond at Copgrovewas coveredwith white and yellowlilies,& Bogbeanflowersandvery prettyit looked,I hadto wadeto get them' (N.tmphaeu 'Butter$'o( - I founda alba-tffhiteWater-lily).Occasionally onereadsof disappointments. specimen on Hutton Moor, Riponin I 878.but lost it'. Thereare a few alienplants.notablya yellow floweredMimulrr.r(Monkevflower)'l found this in fact a largeclusterof them- growingon a larsestone,the slonewascoveredwith moss.in the middleof the beckor streamat OldfieldSpa,fupon 1878'.A sheetof Ecballiumelatertum(Squirtine Cucumber)from Micham,Surrey1880mayalsobe of alienorigrn. Enquiriesregardingthis herbariummav be madeto the addressbelow. NOTTINGHAM. NGg 8DB JULIAN M. H. SHAW.4 Albe( Street.Staoleford. Tel 0115949 I 198 WARNING: PLANTS HAVE GOOD AND BAD YEARS TOO! BirdsCensus' On theneedfor a botanical'Common In recent years there has been an upsurge ofinterest in vegetation change. In particular. those ofus involved in site management(on NNRs. SSSIs. Wildlife Trust resenes. etc.) often need to know how 'delivering our vegetation is changing. to help establishwhether a given managementregime is the goods'. For example we might reintroduce grazins to a piece ofderelict pasture. or return an abandoned 'traditional hay-meadow to so-called management'. The costs (financial or otherwise) of such management may be high. and. sometimes for this reason alone. it is important to demonstrate that the venture has been v,ortlwhile. To this end a monitonng programme is establishedso that- within a few years, we can say which specieshave decreasedor increasedin abundance If all goes to plan. on our newly grazed pasture we will be able to show how grazing-sensitivespecies(e.g Arrhenatherunr elatirts)have declined, and how a range of'desirable' specieshas increased.regaining a foothold now that the turfhas been nibbled down and opened up. I suspectmany BSBI members are involved in sone kind of vegetation monitorins. whether working for a conservationbody. or as consultantsor'volunteers'. and our attentionsmay be directed at either particular species(often the rare ones) or whole communities Of course. few monitoring projects are concemed with cases as straightforward as my Arrhenqthentm-infested pasture, indeed, many are dealing with lairlv subtle managementchangesand barelv discernibleshilis in species' abundance.Nevenheless.ifon a particular site we/o discern that speciesa- b and c are Notes and Artlcles increasing,while r, y and z are decreasingthen - more than likely - we w-ill try to interpret these c h a n g e si n l e r m s o f t h e s i t e ' s m a n a g e m e n rt e e i m e Over the last few years I have been involved in establishing(and revisitine) monitoring plots for English Nalure on grasslandSSSIs in south-wesl Enqland. We now have 53 plots (usually whole fields) on 30 grasslandSSSIs. each one har.ingbeen set up to investigatethe eli'ectsofparticular managementactivities (usuallv under some form of managementagreement).Of course. many of the botanical changeswe have recorded have been clearly due to management.For example, it is difficult 199.1ofClltceria.fluilans.(artlaminepratensisand toavoidtheconclusionthattheincreasein Senecioaqueticu.son fields at Southlake Moor SSSI. SomersetLevels, was due to the reinstatement ofraised water-levels to provide'splash flooding' in spring. forbreeding waders. Nevertheless.other botanical changesthere have proved more difficult to interpret. why, for example. should Rarznclrlrs ccris have increasedon these flooded fields? Data from other sites revealedthat in 1994 R. acri.s did well in all sorts of grasslands.irrespectiveof managementregime. R. ac'ris had increased'acrossthe board', at sites on Dartmoor and in South Devon, on the Dorset coast and the Blackdowns. Other species.too- appearedto be undergoing parallel fluctuations in abundanceon most ofthe sites being monitored. including ('entaurea nigra. Prunella vrlgaris. Ranunculus bulhosus and'l'rifolium duhium. These observationshighlight the dangersoflooking at individual sites in isolation - dangersthat 'Common Birds Census' have long been appreciatedin our dealings with animals. Through the (CBC) and the ITE-run Butterflv Monitoring Schemewe are now accustomedto the idea that. at a 'bad' years. For example we know from the national level, birds and butterflies can have'eood' and 'crash' locally ofbreeding whitethroats in the late i960s was part of a national decline: CBC that the and that it had more to do with the Sahel drought than with how farmers in Somersetwere managing their hedqerows. Thus changes in local bird populations often reflect ndtionol changes which, at local level. we are powerless to influence. But this national perspectiveis lacking when it comes to plants. True. there was the BSBI monitorinq schemewhich. useful though it was. focused on national changesin speciesdistribution and liequency. It did not deal with year-to-year fluctuations in the abundanceofspecies on individual sites. Perhapswhat we need now is something like the CBC - a'Common Plants Census' with fieldworkers registering their monitoring plots as pan ofa national scheme,and an annual report telling us which specieshave done well or badly. and pinpointing the environmentalfactors (e.g. cold winter, wet spring, summer drought, declining rabbit populations. atmosphericpollution) likely to be responsiblefor the observed trends. Only if we can somehow gain this national perspectivewill we be able to correctly interpret the botanical changestaking place on individual sites Without such a perspectivewe lall into the trap of assumingthat changesin species' abundanceon a particular site are the result ofsite-specific changes in management.many probably are. but some certainl,vare notl With Atlos 2000 getting into qear this is probably not the time to be floatine ideas such as these...but all the same I thought I would. what do membersthink? SIMON J LEACH. English Nature Reserve,Roughmoor. Bishop's Hull. TALNTON. TAI 5AA Somerset english-Names Attention has been drawn to the fact that the article on Subspeciesfailed to include the English common name for ('ategoria tntlondita. This gross breach of B.5B1i/elr.feliquette is regretted and such a botanical solecismmust be corrected. However the author wishes verv strongly to avoid any participation in the controlersl- surrounding the correct nomenclatureofBritish plants in the vernacular. has no views on capitals or Capitals and is neither hyphencolenor hvphenfuge. It will be recalled that(-uregoria oullatuliLo originated in the southern hemisphereor Southern Hemisphereor southern Hemi-sphere This speciesis well known to the New ZealandMaoris who 37 Notcs and Artrcles 'ili-ahi-a-lo'e-lana-i-ka-wai meanswelcome alohawhlchroughlytranslated call it La'au e komo mai too manyor greetingplant.This namehastoo manyor too few hyphens. waterbeachsandalwood lor generalusein the BritishIslesunlikeits more too few Capitalsor capitalsandmavbe unsuitable mellifluouscompatriotPirri-pirri bur. I am gratefulto Mrs StellaLuce for drawingmy attentionto this latterspecies. Categoriaoullandica w-asfirst formally namedas recentlvas \927. in Australiawhereit was Apparentlyin giventhe commonnameof Adrian'sdidgeridoo.The originof this nameis interesting. tennisplavercalledAdrianQuistwho hadthe mislortuneto slurhis that yeartherewasa successful with theirrhymingslang EventodavAustralians wordscausinglistenersto think he wasinebriated. 'a referto a matewho hasa 4XXXX too manyasbeing bit Adrian'.This originis suspectespecxiallv when it is rememberedthat betweenl'797 and I 82I some600 peoplewere convictedof forgery in the British Isles,ofthese 300 were executedand the remaindertansported lo Botant'Ra1. here, Thusthe way would appearto be clear for ('ategoria outlandica.now that it is established It is boundto be contrivedand to be givenan englishcommonnameor an EnglishCommon-name. raisesthe moral issueas to whetherCommonenglishNamesshouldbe inventedfor foreign plants. japanese Normally.of course,the BSBI NamesCommitteewould Knot-weednotwithstanding.. resolvesucha matterbut in this casethereis perhapsreasonto engagea wideropinionespecially It is thereforeproposed,albeitby an amateur. sinceForget-me-notwas renamedRemember-me. to commentand suggest ignorantbeginner.that all BSBI membersbe invitedthroughthe B.\81 A'ev'.s namefor those a suitablename.At the sametime theyshouldbe invitedto supplya Common-english and without namely.('ocacolo emetica, other unfortunatespeciesrecentlyquotedin the rv"ex,.s Naslicreechia crm-luppia. tr'ertigo verticalis. I)tphoria scolia andP1'lonrepens. to EnwauCymraegar to endthis piecewithoutreference Finallyit would be inappropriate Blanhigiongan DafuddDaviesac Arthur Jones.Mae Env'au ('vmraegar Blanhigtonyn darparu'r rhestrfiyaf cynhwysfawra gyhoeddwydhyd yn hyn o cnwauCymraegar blanhigionblodeuoga We needa Welsh rhedynPrydeinigynghyda'u henwaug'*yddonol &ladin) a'u henwauSaesneg. nametoo. JOHN TOPP.20 LupusStreet.LONDON SWlV 3DZ EPIPHYTIC SEEDING S}'CAMORES (but not exclusively) foundon andYew, usuall-v The epiphytictrees.mainlyAsh.Elder.Sycamore CrackWillow pollardsin Aveburyandthe KennetValle-v.havenot yet reachedfruition(R.\8,/Nevs haddescended saplings in humus.or lbr the biggerepiph-vtic 65: 18-20).Theirrootsweremostl_vverticallyinside crackedor hollow, but still living. willow trunks. Avon. againmainlyon CrackWillow Epiphyticsycamores alsooccuralongthe Bath,tsristol pollards.However.someofthesehaveproduceda latticeofroots externolto the willow trunks, to enlarge.flower and reachingthe groundandtherebypermittingthe orisinallyepiphlticSycamore leaves.root networks.andat least2 bunchesof fruit. The photo(page38) showsthe Sycamore samaras, aswell assomeof the willow leaves.in the risingwatersof the RiverAvon at Limplev to the The centraltrunk is a l0m Sycamore. but thebunchesof samaras Stoke(Wilts) on 1111194. epiphlticsycamores. left andmiddleof the picturemay comefrom othersmallersurrounding the willow trunk reachesaboutI m to the waterleveland The Sycamoreroot latticesurrounding about2.5mto the groundwhenthe waterleveldropsin summer.Thefact that a WiltshireSycamore canmatureand sexuallyreproducefrom a living perchbv useofa networkof'stranglerroots' indicatesan incipientevolutionaryparallelwith AustralianStranglerFigs (l;ictrs destruens, in the illustration. can l'. macrophl,lla).Thesealsoneedmoistconditionsand.like the Sycamore grow directlvfiom the ground(Nicholson or alternatively eithermatureasepiphJtic'stranglers' le90) Notes and Articles 38 Reference PlantsI & ll. NationalLibraryof Australia Nicholson,N. & H (1990).Austalian Rain/orest with an exlemal'stranglerroot' latticeon a healthyCrackWillow EpiphyticfruitineSycamores Photo@ J.E Oliver Risingwatersof the Bath Avon ar LimplevStoke.Wilts.-1111194 JACK OLI\ER. High View. RhylsLane.Lockeridge.Nr MARLBOROUGH,Wilts.SN8 4ED TAKING BRAMBLES TO THE GRAVE Thebotanist J B.L Warren(1835-1895) wasno stranger to thegenusRr/6as Some20 pagesof his l:lt>raof('he.shire(1899\aredevotedto the subject.(Farmorethanmostmodernvice-county floras). 'of Trout Hall. Plumlev, is TodayWarren's'R.cottcirutus Cheshire(whereit is still locallyabundant) uarrenti known asrt. for a species Sudre.ClearlyWarrenhadplavedhis partin the studyof batolog-vto be namedin his honour. at Lower Peover.His sraveis easyto find.for at the J.B.L.Warrenwasburiedin the churchyard headofthe gravestandsa largememorialcross.The ironyis that at the foot ofthe graveis a robust identifiedasthe alienR. Iacinialus. bramble(perhapssurprisingin sucha tidv graveyard). This raisesthe question.hasthe plantbeenintroducedby the localavifauna,or bv deliberate means? Rubu.slacrniutu.v is the cut-leaved bramble.andis unmistakable, shouldanymembers be in the neighbourhood, andthe BellsofPeoverpublichouseis adjacentto the churchyard. DAVE EARL. .1MeadowWav.BrooklvnPark.GravelLane,Banks.Nr SOUTHPORTPR9 8BU Notes and Articlcs l9 THE WOLLE]ITI PINE During 1994an amazingdiscoveryr.vasmadein Australia.a smallgroupof previouslyunknownpine treesin a deepvallevin the WollemiNationalPark Botanistsfrom the NSW NationalParksandWildlifeSen'icewereableto quicklyestablish numbersat about40 specimensand effectivelvsealoffthe areaas a resen'e. investiqations Subsequent havefoundthe treesto be 'livinq fossils'.plantswhichwerebelieved period(80 millionyearsago)andrepresent to havebecomeextinctin the Cretaceous a new senus. The treesgrow to a heightofabout 40 metres. Botanistsaroundthe world havebeenableto seethe pressreleases andfirst illustrations ofthe discoverythroughthe lntemet.It is a remarkable fact thatthe globalcomputernetworksnow availableto anyonewith the necessarv accessandequipmentcanparticipate in sucheventsalmost immediately. The paceofdevelopinesuchtoolsis hardto keepup with andyet thevhavebecomean everydayresourcein institutionssuchasthe NaturalHistorylVuseumin London.wherescientists both contributeanduseinfbrmationon the'Net'. Amateurandprofessional botanistsshouldfind somethinsofinlerestalmosteverytimethevlink into the Net- so rapidlydoesit change.Therearean estimated 40 millionuserstoday.but thisis increasing hourly! So,what happensnextto the WollemiPine?Unfortunatelyit seemstheyhavealreadvattracted the attentionsof'collectors'andurgentattemplsarenow beinemadeby officialsto collectseedsto grow in botanicgardensaroundthe world andto protectthe few treesfrom an unwelcomemodern disaster* extinction. MALCOLM BEASLEY, BotanvLibrarv.NaturalHistorvMuseum.CromwellRoad.LONDON MORE WINTER-FLOWERING HOLLY Without wishingto clinglike iw to the on-goings1oryof winler-flowering Hollv (llex aqtiftiliun\. none-the-less, membersno doubtwill wish to know thatwe have.herein Kent.our own Christmas flowering specimen. Its a male,no less.henceno berriesto embellish the story But everyDecember. the hardiest membersof the SidcupNaturalHistorySocietvwalk FootscrayMeadowswith birdsandflowersin mind.So in 1994this hollytreewas in bloomon December18 andmy recordsshowit to havebeen in bloomon December19, 1993aswell. The questionthenarisesasto whetherit is wonhy of statusasa variety After all the GlastonburyThorn is listedin Bean's lree.sandshruhs hardf in the Brttish Lsle.sas('rataesu.s monogvtravar. proecox. Perhapsnot. but at leastit shouldhavea commonname.How about 'The SidcupThorn'?And, please,no lettersaboutTed HeathandN{rsThatcher I DAVID NICOLLE. 15 ParkhurstRoad.BEXLEY. Kent DA5 I AX LINNAEANSversusJUSSICtIANS I havejust read RobynMarsack'sbookMv garden : selected.fntntthe lettersand recollectiortsof Mary RussellMilord (Sidgwick& Jackson.1990) In a livelyandamusinqletterdated4 May 1837 to ElizabethBarretlBrowning.a closefriendwith'*hom shecorresponded onceor twicea week ' ..untilMr. Browningstoleherfrom me'. N{issMitford(1787-1855) wrote. 'Moreover,they for the mostpart,so scornfulandconceitedthat arethemselves. [the scientists] we areat perfectlibenyto "scornthe scorner" Ody think.tbr instance. of botanists. who kno*- +o Notcs and Articles / Mrstletoe Sun er n o m o r e o f t h e c u l t i \ a t i o n o f a p l a n t t h a n t h e d e s hI a n r w r i l i n g o n . d e s p r s i n gf i o r i s t sa n d h o r t i c u l t u r a l i s t su. h o b n n c t h e l o r e l r f l o u e r s a n d t h e g o o d h t h i n g . t h e f r u i t . t o s u c h p e r l e c t i o n l And thev can't even agree about their own jargonr We had the other day a pitched battle in my garden betu'een a set ofl-innaeans and a set ofJussicuans.Oh! ifyou had heard the clatter! I was lain to bnnq ltrrth mv o*n list of new annuals(l have sixty. most of which have never blown in England). and had the glow ofout-long-wording both panies, to the shameoffloriculture, who ought to speak plain. I *ish -vouhad been present-it was a curious scene.' Can someone tell me who the Jussicuansweret JO DLfNrNl.Flat 2. Sandford l\{ount. Charlbun. OXFORD OX7 ITL MISTLETOESTIRVE}' MISTLETOE SURVEY 1994.96- A BRIEF UPDATE Manythanksto all thosemembersandfnendswho havesentin recordcardsandobservations. Please acceptmy apologiesfor an."-delayin replvingto queries-the responsefrom the generalpublichas beenratheroverwhelmingand both I and the Plantlif'eoffice havebeendelugedwith mail. Severalpeoplehaveaskedwhetherit is worth recordingsquareslikely to be recordedby others. The answerto this is YES PLEASEIasthe surveyis recordinqhostpreference aswell asbasic distribution.We will be undertakingsomepreliminan'analysis of 1994195 databeforeresumingthe surveynext winter so any data gatheredso far would be welcome. JONATHAN BRIGGS.2 Ledsemoor.Watledee.NAILSWORTH.Gloucestershire GL6 OAU MISTLETOE_ MORE ABUNDANTON CALCAREOTISSOILS? SincelastNovemberI havebeenan activeparticipantin the lvfistletoeSun'evorganised by the BSBI, in collaborationwith 'Plantlife' Before I set out on my first search-tripI readthe accountofL'iscum album in Clapham.Tutin & Warburg(1st and2nd editions)and in the more recentClapham,Tutin & Moore.andI wasastonished to readthe words:'On the branches ofa greatvarietyofdeciduous trees...moreabundanton calcareous soils'.It wastheselastfive wordswhichcausedmy astonishment!I had alwaysknown that mistletoehad definitepreferences as to its host tree but I failedto understandin what way it could matterto the plantwhetherits host was growing on acid, (or nearlyso).thenall neutralor basicsoils.Ifits ody knownhostshadbeenobligatecalcicoles would havebeenclear.but this is obviouslvnot the case.Ofthe thirteen'possible'hostsgivenon the SurvevForm, onlv two - field mapleand perhapscrab apple- show a markedpreferencefor basic soils,whereasmostof the others(includingcommonlime- oddly.not on the list.but by far the commonest hostin Berkshire)will grow in anvreasonable soilwherevertheyhappento havebeen planted.Rowan.alsoon the list. I would havethouehtto be a calcifugeasit is usuallvfound,when nati!e.in graniteareas. I havespokento severalReadingbotanistsandalsoto an ecologistfrom Bristolaboutthis little puzzleand they were all equallvmystified.Is there anv objectiveevidencefor the abovestatement.I wonder.or wasit just a casualobservalion madeby somebody livingin a limestoneareawhere mistletoehappened to be plentiful.asit is in that sectionof the Boroughof Readingwhichliesnorth of the Thamesbut whichis actuallypart of the chalkolthe SouthOxfordshireChiltems? As well ason limesI havenow foundthis mr4hladenhemi-parasite on crackwillow, h-vbrid blackpoplar.Norwavmaple(not on the list. thouqhsvcamore is listed).hawthom,cultivatedapple, Mistletoe Suner / Botanrcal Latin ('ralaegts spp.unldentifiable andthreesmallornamental in the absence ofleaves.and I haveto admt that all havebeenfoundgrowineon calcareous soils. ProfessorClive Stace.in hisy'y'gv' Flortt of theBfiti.rhI.tle.s. is silenton the subjecrof mistletoe's - ifany Is it reallvmoreabundanton calcareous soil preferences soilsor wasthis wholestorvjust perhaps andyet - I continueto wonder? onemore m!th, now explodedby modernresearch? CAROL HORA 5l EasternAvenue.READING. BerkshireRGI 5Se MISTLETOE IN COVENTRY Althoughnot a memberof the BSBI. I heardabout1,ourMistletoeSurveyfrom a friendandthouqht the followingobsenationsma,ube of inrerest. For manyvearsI havenolicedbunchesof Mistletoealongthe ,{.129.WarwickRoadin Coventrv andwhenI heardofvour surveyI did a countofthenr recentlv This roadrunsNorth,/South w-ithan areaknownas Top Greenwhichis an ornamental park on the west side.Nearerthe stationis the King HenryVllI School. On the westsideof the roadis a line of seventeen matureLime trees( liliq " wtlsari.s)andof thesefive havelrom one to four buncheson them Tuo limesin theeroundsofthe schoolhavelour and sevenbuncheseach.Next to the railu'avbridgeare anotherthreetreeswith erowthson thenl On the eastsideof the road there are two matureHawthorns((rataegts minogvna\.one in the gardenofa privatehouseandthe otherin the groundsofa hotel.Theyhaveone and'threegrowths respectivelv. As I left the stationon the trainto London.I spottedanothertreecoveredin Mistletoe. I will returnto checkifthere areany othertreesin the areawith srowthson beforesendinsin the findingsfor your survey. JEM{IFER TURNER.83 KinrossRoad.LEAMING'ION SpA. Warks.CV32 7EN BOTANICALLATIN LATINT]S BOTANICI]S A report on the meetingon Botanicall.atin atThe LlniversitvofReading.4 February 1995 Springwas in the air as an eagerbandof membersplus Universitvstudents(numbering45 and25 respectivelv) gatheredat the SchoolofPlant Sciences. The UniversityofReadins.for the Iong-awaited meetingon BotanicalLatin. After somewelcomingwordsby ProfessorMichaelDick of the UniversitvBotanvdeoartment_ 'our own' Dr StephenJurvintroducedProfessorWilliamSrearnAs VisitineFrofessor foi manv yearsat Reading. a world-*ideauthontyon bothLinnaeus andbotanical Latin.andwhosebook BolanicalI'atin is now in its fourthedition-ProfessorStearnwasthe keynotespeakerHe beganbv givingus a definitionofthe term BotanicalLatin a modernromancelanguage ievisedanddeveloped over aboutthree hundredvearsas a technicallanguageseparatefrom Laiin usedspecifically.and internationallv, for the naminganddescription of plants.An ancientRomanwouldnot recognise it todayashis everydavlanguage. as manynewwordshavebeencoined- the maioritvofthem from Greek;andmanvclassical Latin wordshavebeenqivennew andprecisebotanilal*.unrnn.. The Professorthenspokeofthe historvofthe development ofthis laneuage, mentioning the contributions madebv manvearlvscholarsandscienrists goingbackasfar-as,iristotte. Theophrastus. andPliny.thenCarolusClusius.JoachimJungius-JohnRay.andCarlLinnaeus.The booklJotanical I'qlin waswrittento keepopenthe channels of communication bv providinga key to unlockthe wealthofknowledgerecordedin this specialist lansuase. Botanical Latin At l:.l5 themeeling\\as adiourned tbr lunch.lt wasa beautifulh'sunny day,andso we all walk acrossthegroundsof the Universityto WessexHall, wherea enjovedthe delightfulfir'e-minute superbbuffetluncheonu asprovided .,\llaroundonethe subiectof the meetingwasunderdiscussion evidence thate\enonefoundit ot'qreatinterest Al1er*'e hadreconvened. PhilipOswald.a classics scholar.addressed the meetingwith a talk 'HappvEndincs!'.whichwas look at the entitled described in the programmeasa light-hearted grammarof scientitjcnames.but which wasalsoan ertremelyusefulexpositionof where,when.and how. the specificepithetshouldagreewith the genericname.Philip.with greatoriginality,illustrated parallelof the pointshe wasmaliing(on rvell-produced overheadtransparencies) usingthe fascinating titlesofvariousroyalpersonages throughouthistory.For instance. in the examples'Alfredthe Great' and'Mvosrus minimus'-the specificepithetsarecomparative in 'WilliamRufus'and adjectives: 'Lamiumalbum', the adjectives aredescriptive. In both thesecasesthe adiectivehasto agreewith the noun.'William the Conqueror'andthe parallel'Quercusilex'. however,consistof two nouns; and in 'William of Orange' and 'Primula )'erl.f'. the specificnameis in the genitivecase.Neitherof thesehaveto agree.Thereweremanvmoreexamples. andthe talk wasso sood that severalofus askedhim to publishit in B.\B1,Vevs.and we are looking forward to him doing this ProfessorStearnthen returnedto the platformand gaveus a verv entenainingaccountofhowhis book cameto be written in odd momentsover a lonc oeriod. Prof Stearnand'TheBook'at Reading.Photo@ A. Daly, 1995 After this JohnDavid deliveredan interestingpaperexplainingthe benefitsthat a knowledeeof BotanicalLatinis to mycologv.whichhe seesas:an eniancedappreciation ofthe development of mycology;an understandingof the namesandterms(makingthemeasierto remember),an ability to manipulate the endingsofnamescorrectly.andan abilitvto readdescriptions that wouldotherwisebe publishedin a foreignlanguage. He gavemanyexamples to illustratethesepoints(all of whichapply equallyto botany),includinga humorouselementfound in someof the newernames.e.g . Blanteva hibernica- a newly discoveredfungusfrom lreland-Rubiha. whosespores(accordineto the authors)'beara superficial resemblance to a Rubik'scube.andhavea complexstructurewe have beenunableto fully understand':andZ.txiophora.thus namedto ensurethe last entryin the Dittionary of Fungrl Botanical Latin t-] Finally,GordonRowleyroundedoffthe proceedings with 'tsotanicalLatin.the unfirushed chapters?', a very amusingconmenton someof the strange'Latin' wordsandodd pronunciations onecomesacrossin the botanicalworld. Despiteits formidabletitle.this meetingwasa ver_v informalafi'air- combiningthe more-senous pointsraisedby our speakers with a linle levity.It wasinteresting to seethat manymembersnot oftenseenat fieldmeetingsweredrawnto this meeting.EveryoneI spoketo afterwardshadenjoyed it very much, and it was a pity more had not attended. For this extremelyinteresting andenjoyablemeetinqour thanksgo to' StephenJury,who (actingon an ideaoriginallyput for*ard bv BrianGale)vervkindlyandefficiently organised the meetingin the Departmentof PlantSciences at ReadineUniversitv.Proi-essor William Stearn,who despitehis 83 years,nranagedto hold an audienceenthralledfor aboutone and a half hours(in two sessions): andPhilioOswald.JohnDavid.andGordonRowlevfor theirexcellent contributions. ANNE P DALY. 698 VicaraseRoad.Wollaston.STOLTRBRIDGE. WestMidlandsDY8 4NP BOTANICAL PRONUNCIATION - ELEVEN ROIjGH GUIDES haslonebeena thornvissue.possiblyevenmoreso thanits sister Botanicalpronunciation controversy, that of commonnames.Thereareplentvof guidesandrules(especiallv from Victorian times),andyet it is clearthat few peoplepronouncethe wordsasrecommended. andifthey did they wouldbe regardedratheroddly,evenin respected circles. academic The guidingprinciplein accumulating the recommendations below.hasbeento reflecthow most people,particularlybotanists,do actuallypronouncebotanicalnamesand other words. ratherthan how they should.Thereforetherearemanydisagreements with works like Coombes( t985).etc.. whichquitecorrectlyhavea differentfunction I havelistenedwith interestto botanistsoverthe 'oldergeneration'whose years,particularlvto the morerespected properway ofdoine thingsis in dangerofdying out with themastheyarereplacedbv Philistineplantscientists or whatever.Despite the classicaleducationthat manyof my informantshad,they still do not follow the stricterrulesthat arestill laid down. As ProfessorStearnsaidat the 1995BSBlfuniversitvof Readinsconference on RotctnicolLatin, '[English]botanicalLatin is a modernromancelanguage in its own right'. andthe presentcontributionis the resultofobsen'ingthe pronunciation ofthis livinglanguage. Yet it is still not just a matterof pronouncing lhe wordsasyou like, or asif thevwereEnglish; in the m.iddleliesa practicalcompromise. somewhere andit is for this that a simpleguideis needed. for the botanicalneophyte(aswell asthe occasional gerontophlte)Practicalpronunciation lies betweenpretentious classical usage,andgardeners'gaffs:few would disagree abouttheseextremes. but thereis of coursesomevariationof view aboutanymiddlepath.Therewill alwaysbe.andalways shouldbe.thosewho categorically with theseor anv guides.ficrthat is whatthevare- not disagree rules.InevitablyI havetakensidesin somecontentious issues.not leastlor (-amellia It is probably unwisefor a southemerto instructa Mancunianon how to pronouncethe word bus.andI suspect that this shortpiecemaybe unwiser:I shallbe disappointed ifit doesnot triggerrobustcomment. givendo not usedictionarvconventions. The pronunciations exceptlor a singleinvertedcomma aftera stressed svllable.readthemas Englishwords In the caseofforeign names.this is a bluntbut functionalinstrument. The guidesbelowwerefirst producedsomevearsaeo,in response to studentrequests fbr a one-sheet simplehandout.whichis ofcourseimpossible. The selectionhereis necessarily subjective. but manyexamples aremultifunctional, or arewordsthat studentsaskabout.Thereis alwaysthe temptationto cramin anotherpoint.example.exception.or reference, or to closeup line-spacinc or to usesmallerpoint-size.but this would loosethe intendedpurpose. Whatfollowsis the currentversionof that handout.stilljust one A.1sheet.For a fullerlookup reference. Johnson& Smith(1931) providesa smallbook thatgivesboth realisticpronunciations. andalsoderivations. Boanical Latln {,1 NOI E. guidesbeloware'l raditionalt.nglishpronunciation, unlessindicatedas:"RA" whichmeans Reformed(or Restored)Academic.andis not generallyused. * "G"s and "c"s aresoft beforean "e" (or the diphthongs "oe" or "ei") or containing an "i" (or "y"). othenvisehard(before"a". "o", "u", "c", etc.);the mnemonic"A gungyginger gargoyle"mal help.Thusflaccidis pronounced flak'sid,as in accent,andfungus(fun'gus) becomesfungi (funj'eye,or lesspreferredfunj'y, thoughfung'eyeiyareoftenheard)in the plural.as doescoccus(kock'us)becomecocci(kock's-eye,or kocks'y).Hence.Scutellaria ( S k o o t ' - )a n d S c i l l (aS i l l ' a ) . b uSt c i r p t t s S i sk e r ' p u s" C " b e f o r e a n " e " o r " i " a s " t s h " i s a ChurchLatin affectation((-erorodonas Tsherat'-odon)."G" or "c" fiom a Greekroot is traditionallyhardasin (iymnop'ne(Gim'no-guy'nv)(RA "g"s and"c"s alwavshard). - *Cht' and "th" areusually"k" or "th". asin lichen(lie'-ken)and.lchizo.sll,li.s (Skit'so-sty'lis, but Shy'zo-is acceptable. and Shy-zee'afor Schi:aeo,Shy'nusfor Schinus(RA: Skeen'us), (RA: Skoy'nus),etc.,arein practiccusual.But lhea (Ta.v'a),Thymus Shee'nusfor Schoentis (Tie'mus),etc.,have"th" as"t". \ 'rcn' at the beginningof a word hasa silent"G". asin Gneum (Neet'um),but in the middleit is pronounced,as in Sphagntm (Sfag'num).Similarlv"Ps" as inpsetrdocapsicum (syewd'o-cap'sikum). and"Gm" inGmelina(Mel-eve'na)andRegmatodor(Reg-mat'odon). (Mesip'-teris).andalso"Pn". "N,ln","Ts". etc Many Similarly"Tm", "Pt" Tmesipteri.s exceptionsinclude.Rhizomnium-Hvpoptengium. wherethe link vowel is not accented (Rie'zo-nie'urn.Hie'po-teri'gium). '[htqo - "J"s maybe pronounced (Thoo'ya)and asa consonanl-"y"beforean ultimatevowel,asin Ruddleja(Bud'Jeya), but usuallynot othenviseasin Junipents,Juncus,Juglans,Leucojum,etc. - The vowels rray be pronounced (RA) asin the rnremorric "Pa let me offtoo", but this is by long and shortvowel sounds,whichdependon grammar(seeStearnI 992). complicated "y''s as"w"s, you. especially Fortunately, ifyou pronounce nobodyin Englandwill understand and"j"s as"y"s. It is. however.closerto the botanicalLatinusedon the Continent.Common (Hie'men-offillum). Plnrs is invariablypolitely sensehelps.e g "y" in Hvmenoph;.'lhrm pronounced Pie'nus. > The finaf "e" shouldalwaysbe pronounced, a bit like a short"i", asinCardamine (Cardam'iny);exceptions usuallvincludeHelleborrne andAlot, whichcansoundodd unless pronounced like thcir Anglicisedforms.l/oe evenhasthe final"c" with two littledotsovcr it to (Alo'-y with a long "o"), but thosewho do so indicatethat it shouldbe pronounced separately risk raisedeyebrows. > f)ouble-"i" endingstendto get pronounced as in .snrthii(smith'y-eye) > Diphthongs/monophthongs: examples:Cheirqnthus(Kie'-), Coelog,ne(Seel'o-), Euphorbia(You'-), Dqucrts(Dor'kus),Aegilops(Eej'-),(brx (Koyks) For RA seeStearn (1eez) > Not diphthongs: whenthe abovepairedvowelsarereversed, or whenthe letterscometogether from differentword parts,e.9.. Elodea (E'llo-dear).lanceolata(-ee-oh-),lsoeles(shouldreally be writtenIsoetes:Eve'so-eet'ees). Aloina (A'lo-ee'na).aloides(strictlyal'-o-eye'-deez with a (-ay'si-ee'),or practicallyandsensibly short"o", but usuallyal-oy'deez),Ranunculaceae (An'dri-av'si. with short"i"s). Joking aside.(-otoneasler condensedas in Andreaeaceae is not pronounced "Cotton-Easter". \ Stressing syllables: various(conflicting)nrles a) ifthe nameis derivedfiom trvo or moreparts.thenit shouldbe pronounced accordingly, (Tet'ra-fiss),angustifoliun(angus'ti-fol'iurn). e.g. Tctt'dpht.s do not accentthe link vowel. include:(ierroplerrs,Xryhoplens(Ienop'-lZiffop'{eris),Polytrtchm, Commonexceptions Orthotrichum(accenton link-"o". and j'y"), seerule (b) below. The worst I haveheardin all is Dizz'y-Goth'icafor Din'gotheca(normallyDie'-zie'go+hee'ka. seriousness with a soft"th"), owingto slavishapplicationof rule (b). b) accentfirst syllableoftwo, middleoftkee. third from endoffour or five;but this is a cruderule,anddepends on long or shortvowels(e.g.accentpenultimate if long.if not then Botanical Latin / Consen ation Ne$ s +l antipenultimate) andgrammarwhichwould not be knownby mostpeople;euphonyin English usuallywins. > All these guides areusuallyover-riddenin the caseof scientificnamesderivedfrom proper asin names,which shouldbe pronounced asclosell'asreasonable to their nativepronunciation, (lesneria(Gez'-),Schefflera(Shetr-),('amellia(Kamell'ialiom the N{oravianKamel,Latinised Buxbaumia(-bow'- asin house),(-olchicum(Kol'chikum,fiom Colchis), to Camellus), Matthiola (Mat'iola from the Italian N{attioli), andv'ar.scevrc:il(a closetry is whichis liom Polish).The problemis knowinghow they'werepronounced, Varsh'evich'y-eye. often debatableanlnvay.The AustraliangenusAustroballe,ruwould be "Ost'-" if the prefix "Orst'-". Exceptions referredto the country,whichit doesn't.so it shouldbe pronounced usuallyinclude:Menziezia(Men-zeez'ia.from Scottish"Min(g)'iz"). ('hoiq'a andMagnolia (Choy'ziaandMag-noh'liafrom the (Swiss-)French "Shwus-ee"and"Manyol").l;uchsia (Few'-sha,an Englishdelicacyfrom German"Fooks").Mahonra(Ma-hoh'nia.from American-Irish"McMar'n"). and evenRffiesla (Raff-leez'-ia.from English"Raffls") SOIIRCES include: Stearn,W.T. (1992).BotanicalLatin (4th edn).David& Charles 'l'he Collingridge l)ictionan'of Plant Ncmes NewnesBooks Coombes,A.J (1985) Johnson,A.T, & H.A. Smith(1931).Plqnt NamesSinplfied (2nd edn).Collingridge Paxton,J (1853) I PocketlJotenicalDictionon'(2nd edn) BradburyandEvans Plusgeneralobservation amongstbotanists. to whom manvthanls for their(oftenconflicting) comments. Museum.Manchester Universitv.MANCHESTERM l3 PL SEAN EDWARDS.The Manchester CONSERVATIONNEWS NEWS FROM CONSERVATION COMMITTEE for We haverecentlybeenaskedfor our viewson anvchanges to be madeto the listsof species Act ( 1981) We proposedthe following specialprotectionunderthe WildlifeandCountryside candidatespecies to the JointNatureConservation Committee(JNCC)via Plantlife: ('arex buxbaumii Club Sedge Carex muricala slbsp. muricata Large-fruited Prickly-sedge Dianlhus armeria Deptford Pink Dryopteris crislata CrestedBuckler-fern (ialirm parisiense Wall Bedstraw Hammarbya paludo.sa Bog Orchid I lle cehrum verlic i llatu m Coral-necklace Juncus pygmaeus PigmyRush Leersia oryzoide.s Cut-grass L1;chnis viscariq Sticky Catchflv Provisional candidates are lv{elampvrum cn:ttatum Crested Cow-wheat and Asplenium septenlrionale Forked Spleenwort. Members who have views on these proposals.or information about threats to the species,pleasecontact me. David Streeter. chairing his first Conservation Committee meeting, pointed out that it is always bad news for a speciesto be named after an-vplace in Kent. which seems inevitably to lead to a decline of speciessuch as pinks. warblers and filmv-ferns. Maybe the most constructive recovery prograrnme for Dianthus armerla would be a change of namet Members may also be interestedto know ofthe'Plant Europa' conference,to be held on 2-8 Seotember 1995 in Hvdres. France. Organisediointlv bv Plantlife and the French Ministrv ofthe Consen atlon News / Aliens Environment,it will be the first buropeancontbrencetbr wild plant conservationand will cover legal instruments. practicalmeasures. sustainable and usesofplants.the planttrade,habitatmanagement the involvementof people.Detailsare availablefrom Plantlife.c/o The NaturalHistory Museum, CromwellRd- LondonSW7 5BD \''ICKY MORGAN, Hon. Secretarv. Conservation Conrmittee. A L IE N S ALIENS WELL RECEIVEI) Thelong-awaited AlienPlantsof theBritishIslesby E J Clement by andM.C Fosterwaspublished the BSBI on 26thNovember1994andlaunchedat the AnnualExhibitionMeetingheldat Baden PowellHouse.It hasbeenverv enthusiastically received.A sampleof someinitialreactionsfollows (namesandaddresses supplied). 'The book is marvellous... I am amazedat how muchinteresting informationhasbeenpacked into it, andhow rewardingit is just to browsein . . a ereatachievemenl.' tDifed] 'I am muchimpressed bv its scopeandaccurac_v ... It shouldsellwell andbecomea classicwork ofreference.' [Dorset] 'I expectedit to be first rate. but I think it is evenmorethanthat ... I canthink ofno improvement that mighthavebeenmade.' lSutrolk] '... the sheerwealthof informationpackedinto a smallspaceis extraordinary.' [London] 'The book isfar ntoreexcitingthanI was expecting!... it reallyis a landmark- andso inexpensive.' [Dorset] 'Magnificent,fantastic, higtrli'remarkable a achievement, on whichthe authorsdeservethe highestcompliments.' [Kent] 'It will be of enormoususefor all peopleworkingon aliensin Europe.' [Belgium] and similarcommentsbv severalothersl The authorswish it to be put on recordthat theirnameswerearranqedalphabetically. therewas no seniorauthor.They are now busy,underthe directionofBruno Ryves,andwith assistance from Duggie Kent and Dr Tom Cope. on producingthe concludingpart of their work (entitled,4/ler gra.sses of thellritish Isles) which shouldbe publishedin 199516It will includekeysto somedifficult generaand.hopefully.illustrations bv GrahamEasy. MeanwhileEric Clementis assembling corrections andadditionsto the first volumein the hope that a new editionor supplement will eventuallv be produced. Finallvmav I coneratulate Eric and Sallvon receivingThe Presidents'Award for 1995.a well deserved honour. GWYNN ELLIS. Editor ALIEN RECORDS My thanksto thosememberswho sentin detailsofthe alienplantstheyhadrecordedrecently. Becausethe April issueof /J.lB,/NevrsalreadvcontainsFieldMeetingReportsandthe Reportof the AnnualExhibitionMeeting. Alien Recordswill normallvappearin the Septemberand Januaryissues of News.The recordsI havenow. togetheru'ith anvmorethat I receivein the nextfew months,will appearin the September issue. GWYNN ELLIS Editor Aliens GLORIESOF THE SNO\\' '('hionodoxa werediscovered onlv abouta centuryago hrghin the mountains of AsraMinor where they floweredin greatsheetsofblue backedby the meltingsnow,'(Doerflinger,l97j) Indeed 'chion'means snowand 'O9y'qlon. u,hichpaintsaspiciuresque an introdu"ction to the subjectas we may seek Thesebeautifulbulbousalpineshavetranslerred errraordinarily well to Britishgardens, their gracefullvspreading, rotate,squill-likeflowersbringingvivid sky.azureandgentianbluesto our springmonths.Thereareactuallvtwo or threespecies aihigh altitudesin southeri Europe,Tutinet a] (1980) giving(-hionodoxa creti(a and('. rtttiu lrom CreieandWalterser al (1986)giving (-' albescensand('. nana from Crete and also(. lochitte ftom Cvprus.The three discussedin this paper,however,are,('. luciliqe,(.'..forhe.siiand('..sczrclclsr.rfromWestTurkey.Theseaccountfor practicallyeveryGIoryof the Snowlikell'to he foundin culti,"ation or as a gardenescapern Great Britain In total,the genuscontainsapprotmatelvsir specres Despiteits limitedsize('hionodoxahasbecomea iatherconfusedgenusin botanical and horticulturalliterature,with synonyms unclear.epithetsmisapplied anditatusesdebatable. Sufficefor the.moment to presentat leastthe Turkishrepresenlalives asaurrentlvunderstood. with descriptions whichwork andwith nameswhicharenow deemedcorrect The'are asfbllows: ('hionodoxaluciliae.Flowerslarge,upward-tbcing, usuallysingleon theirscapes. pateto sky blue with lobesl5-20mm 'Eyes' (palebasalringsinsideperianthsegments) conspicuously white. Leavesoftenratherrecurvedtowardstrps Thenamis('. gigaticrrund('.trcit,r,"vat.gtgottrea havebeenmisapplied here ('hionodoxu.forr5c'.rll. Flowersmoderate.outward-lacing or ascending, sometimes the lowerslightly pendent,usuallyin racemes ot' 6-r2 on theirr.up.i, .i"h to u^r" bluewith lobesr0-r5mm. 'Eyes' white' proportionately smallerandlessconspicuous thanabove.Leavesnormally straight a n d s p r e a d i nTgh e n a m e s ( ' l t t c i l i o e , ( . s r e h e r a n d ( . t m o l u . s i h a v e b e e n m i s a p p l i e d h e r e . t t i s muchthe commonest ('hionotloxttin cultivation. ('hionodoxa-gsrderrsrs. Flowerssmall.ourrvard-facing to pendent.usuallyin racemes of'6-16on their 'Eyes'vestigial scapes'azureto gentianblue*'ith lobes8-1Omm. to almostunnoticeable. Leaves normallystraight,spreading, slenderandconvolutelvchannelGd. (- forbe'sitand(-. :urdenstvhaveboth beenrecorded in ihe wild in this country.as .well naturalised from seedsw-hereneglectedor thrownout.' (g1ngsl99l From my own ) a,.p"ii.n... too. they readily self-sowon dry groundinsideandoutsidegardens. Moreovertheirbulbs,like thoseofthe common ('rocusspecies(B.sli1Aex..s snnng-flowering 60) areremarkably adeptai sun.ivinghot, drought-stricken monthsofaesttvationamongsrpredomrnating i oots'of LoltuntpJre22e(perenniai Rye.Grass)beneathtrampledurbanlawns C. foihesri and('. iartlensi, ur. pt,otigruphedwith rather washedout coloursin Rix andPhillips( 1081, ,n. formerunderthe name('. sieher. More trueto life ('. arethe photographs of forhesti and,C. lutiliue in Bnckell( I 99j ) Authenric,too, is the line drawingof ('..forhesiiin Srace( I 991) , , o n a g r a s s y e a s t - f a c i n g h i l r s i d e i n S p r i n g f i e l d p a r k ( L o n d o n B o r o u g h o f H2alc) ,ktnheeyr ,ev c haslong eisted a populationofnaturalised('hion<xloxu. lt comprises tie bestpan oia thousand plantsandtheyflower eachyearfrom lateFebruaryto earrl April Struckby,exlreme degreesof variabilitywithinthis population,I examinedindividuals morecriticalll.,ni no* distin-eursh fbur taxa (seefro.ntcoverillustration).Threearethe clear-cutTurkrshspecies described above The fburthis largerthananyof them,with.upward-to outward-fbcing flo*ers. usuaily2-21 ,ogon", on their scapes, rich violet-bluewith lobesI 8-25mmand 'eyes'andleavesas in (. lttctllqe For the moment,I am postulating('. luciliae ' ('..forbesii,basedon featuresofintermediacy. andI consrderit likely that similarplantsareconlinuallyarisinglr .rill here.I am not awareif sucha hybridhasyet been described, it is' however,possiblethat iuch hvbridsarisingelsewhere havebeenplacedin the vague 'giganteo' bracket.sincethe^('../l.y/ra. of fux andphrJlips(l9gl)doesbearsomepassrng resemblancetoourlargest-of-all Springfieldexamples Ciertainlythereisalotofself--seedrngtaking placein thisflamboyantcolonl with ne'\,progenvmaturingall ihe time.A parasiticsmutfungus, [ / s t i l a g o v a i l l o n t i i ' w a s f o u n d t o b e i n f e c t i n g t h e so t af m c . e/ bnrsh e . t t r a r o n e -lx Alicns ( 'Jttottrtil tt'o is closelr relatcd t o Scr//rr 1\\ alters r-t al. I 486 ). dilTeringprinrarih in havine the b a s eo f i t s p e r i a n t hl u s e d i n t o a n r ) h c o n i c atl u b e a p p r o x i m a t e l va f i 1 l ht h e l e n g t ho f i t s l o b e s f i g h t l y rvithin this proximal tube there nestle si\ tiee stamensbearing characteristicallytlattened white filaments and mustard yellow anthers In .\r'r1lr. bl contrast. the perianth Iobes remain virtually or be bluish and little flattened. S. btrtilia (Npine entirely separatedto the base and the filaments ma_vS q u i l l ) i s a l s o n a t u r a l i s e di n t h i s S p r i n g f i e i dP a r k l o c a l i t v I t i s d e s c r i b e di n S t a c e( 1 9 9 1) a n d i n gardening books, as a speciesconsideredparticularly near ('hionodtxo by virtue ofproducing at least one intergeneric hvbrid with it. namely .\. hiftilro , ('.,litrbe.vi :' (.hiornscilla ttllenii.'llns hybrid is a fairly widespreadgarden plant although perhapsnot o{ien identil'redaccurately.We may note that its perianth segmenlsare cut to the base as in.\crlia (Chittenden & Synge, 1974), while Schaunberg (1965) further describesit as resembling('../orhc.sii e\cept that 'the deep blue lloral segmentshave no white basal patch and turn a darker violet blue when the flower is about to fade. The ... stenr 'the produces 6-9 t.lou'ers'and leares are longer than those ofits related species.'There exists the possibility of , ('. ollenri arising spontaneouslyat Springfield Park and such crosseswill eagerly be sought in future. May all these genera receive the botanical scrutinv thel- desene, for they bring pleasureto many as winler relents its urip. References Brickef l, C. ( 1993 ). ( iurderrcr.s I'.nclclopaedra of I'lont.s and FTou'er.r,Dorling Kindersley, London. Chittenden, F.J. & Synge, P.M. (1974) R<t1.'alHorlrt'rltural S<tciet.tl)ictiortttrl'of (iardenrng. Vol. L Clarendon Press. Oxfbrd. Doerflinger. F (1973) The Rulb Rook David & Charles,Newton Abbott. Devon 'l he Rulh lJook. Pan Books. London Rix, N.{.& Phillips, R ( 198 l) '|'he llulb rSool<.Frederick Warne, London Schaunberg,P (1965). Stace, C.A. (1991) ,\'tlr l;lora tf the Rriti.\h lsle.\, CLrP. Cambridge Tutin, T G et al (1980) l"ktra f.uropoeu, Vol 5, CLtr, Cambridge Walters, S ll'l etal (1986) Ihe l.uropean(larden l;lora.Yol 1 CLP, Cambridge BRIAN WURZELL. .17Rostrevor Avenue. Tottenham. LONDON \15 6LA TWO TIN[iSI.IAL GARDEN ESCAPESIN KIRKCLTDBRIGTITSHIRE h li 9 r e9 3 a lnthelastfewyearstwounusuag l a r d e n e s c a p e s h a v e b e e n r e c o r d e d i n K i r k c u d b r i g h t sI n St John's-wort with flowers nearly as large as Hyperiutm cttf,cinum was seengrowing out of rocks in a roadside cutting. two plants had seededthemselvesinto crerices 30 feet apart. Like H. c'alycinun and H. pseu<loheir1'l(l thought it was the latter) our plant had 5 stylesbut Norman Robson has identified the plant for us as Hypericun ftrre.rtll . he said this was the St John's-wort that is grown in Scottish gardens(see illustration p {9) The second is a pretty potentilla, bnlliant yellow with Sibbaldia-typeleaves This w.asfound by Anna White in a disused quary in the north part ofthe countv. The owner can't account for it being there, but it probably was introduced when some broken masonry was tipped there without her 'dump' permission. lt hasn't been used as a betbre. lt isPoterttilla eriocarpa, a plant from the (see p. illustration 49) When trying to identi$ rt, I looked through Edinburgh Herbariunr Himalayas and found one specimenin the cultivated l)otetililla folders which had been given by Gen. Murray Lyon. Ardoorly, Pitlochrv lrom his garden in Perthshire.I thought there rvas no specimenin the Botanic Gardens, as it was not on their list ofeverything grorving in the garden, produced in 1990, but it has been introduced since then Ron McBeath in the _qardens says it has a limited life and has been replaced from time to time. Our plant covers over 2 fbot squareand looks very healthy, so it will be interestingto see how long it will last with us. O L G A S T E W A R T . 3 0 / 5 C o l i n t o n R o a d . E D I N B L T R G HE H 1 0 5 D G { q Ia ;r F { { J ,r ia N h. o a o tr o \ a 'J) ; ! I : ! : F EXOTIC TREES IN THE BRITISH FLORA Furtherto my note in BSBI A't'v's68 regardinga requestfor informationon Exotic Tree speciesand nrv recentappointment asRefereefor IntroducedandCultivatedTrees,I feelit would be usefulto try to clarifl'a few points. (1981),inapproximateorderofarrival I TreesconsideredNativebvMitchell afterthelastice-age, areasfollows. Juniperu.scommunts Quercusrobur ('rataepps monogvna Belula pilbescens B. pendula Salix.fragilis I'opulu.stremula Populusnigra var. benlifolia Pinus q'lvestrts Tants baccala Salix penlandra Sorbusaria agg. ('rataegu.slaet'igala .4lnusglutinosa ('or.tlus a,ellana Malus q,lvestris I-ilia cordata Pntnustwium Prunuspadus Salixalba Salixcaprea Acer campestre Illmus glabra Sorbustorminalis Sorbu.saucupariq f ilia planplry'llos l"agts nlvatica Quercuspetraea ('arpinus betnlus Frminus excelsior llex aqurfolium Buxussempervirens Includingtheir naturalhybrids(e.g. ()uercusx rosacea)and subspecies or varieties. Any not on this list areconsidered thereforeExoticor Introduced. 2. The recordsin which I am interestedare ofthose speciesofintroduced treeswhich are asyet little recordedin the British flora. Exotic speciessuchas Sycamore(Acerpseudoplalanzs)and Sweet Chestnut(('astaneasalrva) arevery well representedin the British flora and consequently,very well recorded.theserecordsare oflesser interestto my project.Sincebeingin conespondence with JackOliver, I am novr'awarethat the tree specieswith which I am interestedneedsfurther clarificationand I will attemptto do so as follows. I . Treeslisted in Stace(especially'other species') but which arenot in Claphamel a/ ( 1987). 2 Treesneitherlistedin Stace(1991)nor Claphamet al (1981) 3. Any treeswhich may be fairly commonlyplantedbut as yet not consideredfully naturalised. e.g.Alnus nrhra- Acer cappadocicum 4. Any recordsofnon-native treesestablishedin semi-naturalvegetationwhich the recorder thinksareofparticularinterest.i.e.the sort ofthing that wouldbe sentto a v.c. Recorder. 3. A treewould be definedasa Woodv Plantwhichnormallygrowson a singlestemandis capableof reachinga heightof 10mundernormalconditions. Finally.manythanksto all thosewho haveso kindly sentme informationasrequested. References Stace,C.A (1991).Neu'F lora of the British Isles. CambridgeUniversityPress. Mitchell. A.F. (1981). 7heNalive and Exotic Treesin Brilain. Arboicultural ResearchNote ArboriculturalAdvisoryandInformationService.ForestryCommission. 29181/SILS. Clapham,A R., Tutin. T.G and Moore. D.M (1981) F lora of the Rritish Ls1es. Third Edition CambridgeUniversityPress. CAMERON S CROOK,8 WoodstockClose.LostockHall. PRESTON,Lancs.PR5 5YY 5l Aliens WHAT NAME FOR THE TREE TOMATO? The Tree Tomato, occasionallyfound as an alien in the British Isles. and well known as a tropical crop, has for many years been referred Lo as (-.tphomandra betaceo. Recently the name ('. crassicauli.s has appeared in several British publications including. Mabberley. The Plant Book and Clement and Foster. Alien Plants of the Briti.sh /.s/es.However in many American publications the name (-. crossifolia has proliferated. especiallv since it was taken up bv Macbride inthe Floro of Peru. This name is based on Solanum crassifolium Ortega which was described in I 800 According to Bohs (F-lora Neotropica 63. 57) Cavanilles first published Solanum betoceilm in 1799 and again in his Icones in I 801. It thus has priority over S. crassr/oliunt Ortega and consequentl!'the combination ('. hetacea (Cav.) Sendtner has priorit-v-over (-. crossiftrlrc (Ortega) Kuntze. But what of C. crassicaulis? This appears to be an orthographic error orisinating in Britain. The Venezuelan plant is shown by Bohs to be sometimes seenin cultivation under qlass and labelled ('. meritlen.sr.s ( ' y p h o m a n d r a d i v e r s i f o l i o( D u n a l ) B i t t e r . B o h s ( l o c . c i / . p 8 3 ) l i s t s t h i s a s a s y n o n y m o f s u b s p . chlorantha (Rusby) Bohs. but as I have not seen fruitine material I am unable to suggest which subspeciesof (-. diver.sifolia is cultivated in Britain. Rarely. cultivated plants with large entire denselv villous leaves are encounteredunder the apparentl-vunpublishedname ('. etultrana (which name is attributed to A. Child) This name is not treated by Bohs. although (-. casana Child (based on lintlt (HBK) Walpers and the plants cultivated as s.n. K) is treated as a synonvm of ('. to.janunen,r'l.s ('. endtiana appear to be referable to this taxon. JULIAN M.H SHAW. Dept of PharmaceuticalSciences.Universitv of Nottin-eham. NOTTINGHAM. NG7 2RD NATTIRALISED MESPILUS GERMANICA: FACT OR FACTOID? For severalyearsnow I havebeenintriguedb-vthe way in whichMespllu.sgermanic'a(Medlar) either appearsor doesnot appear.apparentlv at random.in booksconcerned with the BritishFlora.No '[he (Rackham1986) a mentionis madeof this tree in Oliver Rackham's Histon o.fthe (-ountry,.srde strangeomission,for a treewith suchobviousinterestto the historicalecoloqist.ifit is indeed naturalized. This togetherwith the fact that someofthe references to the treearesuspiciously similar. suggesting theyhavesimplybeencopiedfiom otherworks.startedme *,onderingwhetherthe Medlar'snaturalisation wasfact or factoid(Rackham1990)! In'[he Englishman'.sF lora Geoffre-vGrigsonstatesthat. 'Gerard alreadyknew the Medlar as a wild tree.moreor less.found"often-timesin hedeesamongbriersandbrambles".'(Grigson1955). Gerardwrote this in 1597.About 100 yearslaterSir J.D. HookerstatesthatM. germantc'a occursrn 'HedgesandthicketsMid a n d S E n g l a n d . C h a n n e l l s l a n d s . n a t u r a l i s e d ' ( H o o k Ienrll995370 ) MilesHadfieldsaysthat it is'Seldomfoundout of gardensor far from the habitations of man.' Later in the chapter,however.he savsthat 'In somedistricts,particularly the woodsofKent andSussex,it is reportedas naturalized. The wild treesarethomy.with smallfruit.' (Hadfield1957).Most recently. asfar asI am aware.Clive Stacespeaksofit as'Introduced.naturalized in hedgesfor at least4 localin ChannelIslandsand SouthemBritain.sporadicin CentralandNorthernEngland.' centuries, (Stace1991).The aboveevidenceseemsto suggestthat this treehasmaintained itselfinthe wild statefor 400 years.What otherevidenceis there.however.to supportthis conclusion? Perhaps answersto the followingquestions would help. l) How isM. germanicafaringin a modernBritainwhichhaslost its tasteboth fbr the Medlarasa Iiuit andthe hedgerowas a landscape feature.i e. aretherereallystill anvMedlarsgrowingwild in this country?Ifthe answeris yesthendo rveknow wherethevareandhow long theyhave beenthere?I notice that M. sermantcais not includedin theAtlas of the Rriti:;h l;lora. Are Ihere 52 Aliens siteswhereit hasbeenlost in the last50-100yearsafterhavingpersisted in a naturalized state, e.g.due1ohedgerowremoval,etc.? 2) Doesit readilysetviableseedwhichgerminates andgrowsto maturity.i.e.hasit reallymaintained from cultivation? itselfin the wild for 400 vearswithout relyingon the arrivaloffresh escapes Hastherebeena declinein the occurrence of wild Medlarswhichcorresponds with the declinein the treespopularityas a cultivatedplant? 3) Has it any meansof vegetativereproduction.e.g suckers?CanM. germanicaregenerate from cut stumpsor fallentrunkslimbs? 4) Are individualspotentiallvlong lived.i.e.how manygenerations wouldthereneedto be to spana periodof400 vearst Whileon the subjectof ll{edlars,Stace( 1991) mentionsthe Haw-Medlarhybrid (.x('rataemespilus grandi.flora(M. germanica \ ('rotaeguslaevigota)as occurring'sporadically asisolatedtreesofuncertainoriginvery scattered throughBritain...'.Hadfield( 1957)statesthat 'The tree is presumedto be a naturalhvbridbetweenMespilusgermanica andCrataegus oxyacanlhoide.s, and is saidto occur spontaneously in partsofFrance. (SeealsoElwes,H.J. & H e n r y - A1 9 0 6 - 1 3 p1 7 3 2 ) It wasin cultivationin Britainin the lateeighteenth century.andwasthenknownas Smith's medlar In 1838a tree40 feethighandgirthingover 3 feetwasrecordedgrowingin Wiltshire.' AugustineHenry says'This remarkabletree, of which thereis a good specimenat Kew, nearthe Directorsoffice [is it still there?].was in cultivationat Parisabout 1800.and possiblyearlierin England,asLoudonmentionsold treesat SyonandotherplacesnearLondon' (Elwes,H.J.& Henry,A 1906-13)Hadfield(1957)saysthat 'lt is seldomplantednow. but is oftenseenin old gardensandin publicparkslaid out duringthe lastcentury.' Are any of the treesoccurringin Britain thoughtto be of a spontaneous origin?Wilkinson ( 1973)statesthat 'An old treewhichpuzzledme for a longtime,right on top of Parliament Hill, turnedout to be (-rataegomespilu.s. a hybrid of hawthornand medlar.'He doesnot indicate whetherthis treeappeared in origin. to be plantedor spontaneous I hopememberswill forgive me if I am travellinga well troddenpath,or havemissedobvious I'm rathernew to this game(J C. Loudon(1844)mentionsa reportofnaturalizedtreesin references; Sussex(Mag. NaL Hist. ix: 86) but I've yet to seethejoumal)l I would alsoask that authorscited will excuseany apparentpresumptuousness on my part. I would, however,like to hearmore ofthis tree.QuotingDu Hamel,Loudonsaysthat the medlaris 'moreun fruit de fantaisie, thanoneof utilit_v'(Loudon 1844).Is the naturalized M germanicaa tree'de fantaisie'aswell? References Elwes,H.J andHenry.A. (1906-13).1he 7ree.s o.f()reotBritain arul|reland. Grigson,G (1955).TheL,nglishman' Flora.Dent. Hadfield.M. (1957) British Trees.London Hooker, J.D. (1930). Ihe StudentsFloro of the Briti.shIsles.MacMillan. Loudon,J.C.(1844).Arboretumet FnilicetumBritnnicum. Longmans, London. Rackham.O ( 1986).TheHistory oJ the (-outttrT,sideDent. 'l'rees Rackham,O ( 1990) ond l4/oodlandin the British lttnd,scape Dent. Stace,C.A. (1991).Nn' I'-lora of the British lsles Cambridge. Wilkinson,G (1973) Treesin the Wild.StephenHopeBooks,London KEVIN PYNE, 100EdenCrescent,LEEDS,WestYorkshire,LS4 2TR 53 NEW COTONEA.STER TAKA IN THE FLORA OF BRITAIN AND IRELAND in I 99I severalnew naturalised Sincethe publicationof Prof. Stace'sNeu';flora o! the British ^Isie.s (-otureastertaxa havebeenidentifiedeitherfrom old herbariummaterialor from new siehtines.Thev arelistedbelowtogetherwith a briefdescription. petalserect:fruit globose.brightred.pvrene3. C. apiculatusRehd.& Wils.0.5-1m:deciduous: (). astrophorosFrver & Nelsonined.0.5m: evergreen:petalsspreading.fruit depressedqlobose. blood-red.pyrene2(3) C. hoisianusKlotz 2.5-3m:deciduous:petalserect:fruit subelobose.bright orange-red.pyrene 3-4(s) (-. ctnperi Marq. 4-5m:semi-evergreen: petalsspreadine. fruit turbinate.plum-purple to black. pYrene2. C.fangianus Yu 2m, deciduous;petalswide-erect.pink. fruit obovoid.ruby-red,pyrene2. ('. henryanus(Schneid.)Rehd.& Wils. 4-5m.semi-evergreen. petalsspreadins: fruit subglobose. dark-red,plrene 2-3. ('. hummeliiFlinck& Hylmo ined.3-4m.deciduous: petalsspreading. fruit obovoid-pyriformblack, pyrene2-3. ('. 'Hybridus Pendulus'(plantsfrom). Extremelyvariablerangingbetweenthe two parents (). salicifolius andC. dqmmeri,but mostlyprostratein habit. ('. hl,lmoeiFlinck & Fryer 2-3m; evergreen:petalsspreading.pale-pink,fruit gJobose.orient-red, pyrene2-3(4). ('. ichangensis petalserect,fruit globose.black-pyrene2-3. Fryer& Hylmo ined.2-3m;deciduous; petalserect,fruit subglobose.red, pyrene O. induratusFryer & Hylmo ined.3m; semi-evergreen. (2)3-4. ('. mairei Leveille2-3m, semi-evergreen; petalserect:fruit obovoid,orange-red.pyrene2-3. ('. marginatusLindl. ex Schlecht.0.5-2m:evergreen;petalsspreading.fruit depressedglobose. carmine,pyrene2(3). ('. microphl:llusWal[. ex Lindl. 0.5-2m: evergreen;petalsspreading.fruit depressedglobose,finally cherry-red,pyrene2. (-. monopltrenus(W.W.Sm ) Flinck & Hylmo 3-4m. deciduous.petalsspreading:Auit cylindrical. dark-maroon,pyrene l. ('.ohscuntsRehd.&Wils.aff.(sp.nov.). 1.5-2m:deciduous:petalserectfnritsubglobose,dark-red. pyrene3-4. ('. pseudoambigutt s Fryer & Hylmo ined.3m: deciduous;petalserect:Iiuit subgloboseto cylindrical, black,pyrene(2) 3. petalsspreading: C. rotundifoliusWall. ex Lindl. 0.5-2m;evergreen: fruit subglobose, carmine, pyrene2. ('. sherrrffiiKlotz 1.5-2m,semi-evergreen: petalsspreading: fiuit subglobose. coral-red.pyrenel(2). petalserect,fruit globose,finally C. tengnehenslsFryer & Hylmo ined.2-2.5m. semi-evergreen: blood-red-pyrenel-4-5 ('. vilmorinianusKlotz L5-2m: evergreen; petalswide-erect;ftuit subglobose, dutch-verrnilion, pyrene2-3. JEANETTEFRYER.CornhillCottase.HonevcritchLane.Froxfield.PETERSFIELD.Hampshire. GU32 1BE. SPICE PLANTS NEAR GRAVESEND, W. KENT I readwith interestthe articleby JulianM. Shawin BSRI Nev's67 52-3 regardingthe possibilityof the introductionofAsian plantsas a by-productofculinarvactivities.Thispromptsme to recordthe appearance of suchplantsin the wild in I 979-80at Gravesend whichhasa largepopulationof people from the Indian sub-continent. 5.+ Alicns / Notices (BSBI) I he plants appearedat vanous localrtresln the vlcrrutv of Denton \4hart, on the marsheseast of Gravesend-which then *as. and lar_eelvstiil is. a semi-derelictarea near the Thames estuarv. with hardlv anv resident oopulation The outbreak ofsuch speciesthere remains a mvstery since the Dlantswere scatteredin a number o f l o c a l i t i e so n e r o u n d a l r e a d r v e s . e t a t e dt.h o u g h s o m e r i m e sl i g h t l v i o T h e r e w a s n o d u m p i n eo f s o i l or,qarden waste. ln one place plants aopearedon the side of a small. muddv lav-by on a marshland road. and the growth of olants suchas Lath.t'rust'h'menum on a small beach diflicult of access. indicated that spice adventiveswere on the shorelinealso. T h e l a r s e s tc o l o n i e s\ \ e r e o n o r e - e x i s t i n p\ . \ ' a s t g e r o u n d b e h i n dr h e r i v e r w a l l . a m o n e e v s t i n g vegetation. the dominant plant bv far being I'risonella.foenttm-sraecum (Fenuereek). in hundreds. its smell filling the air (Indeed pressedspecimensin Maidstone Museum still smell strongly after 80 vears). I visited the area I 0 times in I 979-80 but there was no sisn ofthe 'crop' ever beine 'harvested' The dominance ofFenuereek seemsto indicate that the other utilitarian speciesthere with it were merelv imourities e.e. Coriander. Lentil. Garden Cress (some with oink flowers)- Cultivated Flax. Field Pea. Canarv Grass. Tomato. (lt's worth noting here that Caraway was establishedand abundant in car-parks in central Gravesendfor some years from 1979 onwards until thev were built over- very likely soillage from qroceries bought in Asian shops). Mr Shaw has indicated the potential for Asian alien plant introductions. The following list of associated soecies at Gravesend amolifies this in two wavs. that not onlv does it contain some aliens not often recorded here. but others reoresentolants now rare in the wild in Britain. a) Associated species - (ialium triconruttm. (;. socchsratum. G. spurium. Aszerula arvensir (some with white flowers). A. laurina. Lath,r'ru.sartie'ulaus. L. clwenum. L. aohaco. lt[elilons indica. Scartdix pecten-veneris. IJupleurum lancifolium.l,olium temulentum. Xanthium echinatum. l)qtura slramonium (olus those alreadv mentioned). b) Species which aopeared to be orobably associated: AtropLr belladonna- Iberis umhellato. Lamium amplexic'aule- ('onsolida ttmbign- Sis.rmbrium orrentale. L'icia satrva subsp. ntgra- (Avena sterilis and Phalarts paradoxa var. qnDendtculattt appeared slightly to the E on the sea wall and mav well be connected.The latter (seen in two places) has the glumes of the sterile spikeletsall deformed and club-shaped).A little further east still. a colony of Ambrosia trqfida on the beach can be discounted. as being an oil milling alien. Similarlv lpera .wica-venti- in native veqetation behind the sea-wall. would be a continuation of colonies stretching from Erith Marshes to Greenhithe (and on Dartford Heath). Asian plants have certainly also occurred in the last 25 vears on the more than halfa dozen larse rubbish tips between Dartford and Cravesend The total number ofrecords for considerationis enormous. especiallvwhen records from large deoosits in the wild of sewase sludge are added. Indeed. also adding in a good native flora. oil-milling aliensand uarden escapes.the number of specieswhich occur or hal'e occurred in the last 25 vears in this area (onlv about 9 miles long by 2-3 miles wide) is very much greater than in anv other similar sized area of the British Isles ever. I hope to analvsethis mass ofrecords in due course. includinq the DlantsofAsian origin. JOHN R PALMER lg Water Mill Wav- South Darenth. DARTFORD. Kent DA4 9BB. \ o T r ( ' E S( B S B r ) WATSoNIA- INSTRIJC-I'IONS FOR AT]THORS The Editors of ll'qlstnia haveiust revised the Instructions fbr Authors and cooies of these mav be obtained from the Honorary Receiving Editor at the addressbelo* BRIAN S. RUSHTON. School of Aoolied Bioloeical and Chemical Sciences.Universitv of Ulster C O L E R A I N E . N o r t h e r n l r e l a n d -B T 5 2 l S { 55 Notices (BSBI) / Notic€s (Non BSBI) WATSONIA - VOLUME 2I. PART I. FEBRUARY 1996 The late ProfessorDavid Webb contributeda greatdealto British and Irish botanyand in particular to the work of the BotanicalSocietyof the BritishIsles The Councilof the Societywould like to that someform of oublicationwould markhis passingin sometangibleway andit hasbeensuggested be the mostfitting wav of doinethis.The intentionis thereforeto publishProfessorWebb'sobituarv toqetherwith his extensivebibliograohyin llalsonio. Volume 2l . Part l. February1996. Additionally.we will be includingsomepapersand noteseitheron Irish plantsor written by Irish botanists.If vou havematerialthat might be suitableand would like to submitit for publicationplease note that it would needto be with the HonoraryReceivingEditor by earlyMav at the very latest Pleasenote that any submittedmanuscriptswill be subjectto the normalrefereeinqprocedures operatedby the Journal. Universitvof LllsterBRIAN S RUSHTON.Schoolof AooliedBiologicalandChemicalSciences. COLERAINE.NorthernIreland.BT52 l SA CAR}IARTHENSHIRE FLOR{ RECORDTNG WEEKEND Will the lady who bookeda placefor the abovefield meetinqat Llandovery.andwho hasnot from the Leader.pleasecontactRichardPryceon 015547'75847 receivedan acknowledsement zuCHARD PRYCE.Trevethin.SchoolRoad.Pwll. LLANELLI. D]'fedSAl5 4AL FI.OII'ERS AND FLOWERLORE _ A THANKYOU Followingmv requestfor informationon whereto obtaina copyofthe abovebook in a recentissue of BSBI News-I receiveda postcard.signedWilberforce.giving detailsof whereI could purchasethe 'Wilberforce' to thank him book. As no initials or addresswere qiven. I havebeenunableto contact or her andto confirmthat I did buv the book So if vou arereadinethis - ThankYou! JILL LUCAS- 8 CamborneDrive-Fixbv.HUDDERSFIELD.WestYorkshireHD2 3NF r{oTrcES(NoN BSBI) NATIONAL COLLECTION OF CAMPANUI.A_ OPEN DAYS It maypossiblybe of interestto somemembers to know that the NationalCollectionof (.ampanula hasOpenDaysthis vearon Saturdavs May 27th andJuneI 7th-from 10 am to 6 p.m..Some27Otaxa are also are locatedhere.includingalt British nativesand aliens.A numberofother Campanulaceae grown. We would be slad to welcomemembersat any other time exceptSundays- and hopethat they will makethemselvesknown when visitine. PETERLEWIS- PadlockCroft. PadlockRoad.WEST WRATTING. Cambridee CBI 5LS Notices (Non BSBI) / Research and Trarel Grants CAREERS IN THE ENVIRONMENT ACROSS f,UROPE Sustainable growth and environrnental emplqtment in the EC Iwo dav Conference. 22nd,& 23rdMav I 995 at BP BritannicTower.Moorgate.London Following two successfuleventsor_qanised by London GuildhallUniversityaspart of their Careersin the Environmentlnitiative.this is now beingextendedto considerthe professionalstatus.career opportunities-and skillsrequiredin environmentalareasofwork in diferent employmentsectors acrossEurope. Speakersfrom acrossEU memberstateswill review the qualificationsrequired.careerroutes and-iobopoortunitiesfor thosein environmentalwork aswell as professionaltrainingissues.The conferencewill alsoexaminethe contributionof environmentalemplovmentto the economvof Europe.the potentialfor erowth andthe mechanisms requiredto Dromotesustainable development programmes. For further information.programmesand registrationforms. pleasecontactMonica Hale or Guy Robertsonat. The LondonEnvironmentCentre.LondonGuildhallUniversitv.CalcunaHouse.Old CastleStreet, L O N D O NE I 7 N T T e l .0 l 7 I - 3 2 0 - l 1 2 6F a x0 I 7 I - 3 2 0 - lI2 I EUROPEAN SCIENCf, FOT]NDATION NETWORK IN SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY The orincioalaim ofthe EuropeanScienceFoundationNetwork.established lastvear.is to improve communicationlinks betweenEuroDeansvstematists. This will enablethe Europeansystematic communitvto or_sanise activitiesthat areco-ordinated acrossthe continentmakinsthe bestuseof Europe'suniqueresources ofsvstematiccollectionsandexpertise. The main activitv of the Network will be a seriesof workshops.addressingissuessuchasthe relationship betweenmoroholoeical andmolecularsvstematics andEurope'sresponse to the gCobal biodiversitvcrisis(thisworkshopwill be heldin Leiden.The Netherlands. in May 1995).Thesehigh profile workshopswill olay an importantrole in brineinetosetherEuropeansystematists to discuss issuesof concernthat crosstraditionaldisciplinaryboundaries.More detailsof the Network's aims and activitiesare providedin the ^Systematic Biologl, NetworkNev'sletler.the first issueof which was publishedin Februarv1995.For any further informationpleasecontactme at the addressbelow. NICOLA DONLON. Secretary to the Co-ordination Committee.ESFNetworkin Svstematic Biology.The NaturalHistorvMuseum-CromwellRoad-LONDON SW7 5BD. T e l 0 1 7 l - 9 3 89 3 9 9 F : a x0 1 7 1 - 9 3985 0 6 RESEARCHAND TR{VEL GRANTS DI]NGENESS GRANTS The DungenessBird Observalorvis concernednot onlv with birdsbut with all faunaandflora ofthe peninsula-and accordinglythe Committeerecentlvdecidedto invite apolicationsfor erantsfor researchDroiects.centredon the Dunqenessarea.involvinganvbranchofnatural historv. Apolicationsshouldbe madein the first placeto. H A.R CAWKELL. Hon Secretarv. 3 Midrios.Jurv'sGao-RYE. EastSussexTN31 7SH Rescarch and Travel Grants / Oflcrs / Requests PAT BRENAN MEMORIAL FUND to British in 1985to awardtravelscholarships The Pat BrenanMemorialFundwasestablished Botanistswishingto undertakefield studies.particularlvin Africa andMadagascar. Applicationsarenow soughtfor the awardfor 1995.A sumofll.000 hasbeenallocatedfor field work in tropical A-liicaor Madagascar withoutfull institutional Applicantsshouldbe Britishnationals.studentsor professionals will be givento Drojects botany.Preference with proveninterestin systematic support-or amateurs ofbioloeicalproblems involvinqplantexploration.proiectsshowineoriginalitvin the investigation ofplant evolutionor proiectson plantutilisation.The that would deepenour understandine successfulcandidatewill be expectedto submita report on the approvedproiectbv June 1996.The in the llom the properauthorities the research to undertake will needto obtainpermission candidate country chosenand.with that oroviso.will haveaccessto aooropriatefacilitiesand advicefrom the Roval Botanic Gardens.Kew. oroposalnot Applicationsshouldconsistofa curriculumvitae.a summaryofthe research 3 sidesofA4 in length.an indicationofother sourcesoffundingandthe namesoftwo exceeding academicreferees. lgg5.andtheseorenquiriesshouldbe Theclosingdateforreceiptofaoplicationsis30Aoril to: addressed Kew. Trust (PatBrenanMemorialFund).RovalBotanicGardens. Bentham-N,loxon Secretarv. SurrevTW9 3AE OFFERS A SAMPI.E SUR'EY OF THE FLORA OF BRITAIN AND IREI,AND BotanicalSocietvof the British IslesMonitoring Scheme1987-1988 Councilbv T.C.G.Rich& E.R. Woodruff Basedon a reDortfor the NatureConsen'ancv Editedfor publicationbv M A Palmer& J.H Bratton No 8. JNCC. 1995 U K NatureConsen'ation HALF-PRICEOFFER The long awaitedpublicationof whatwas onceknownas'The BSBI MonitoringSchemeReport' will finallvtakeplacein April 1995. From Julv I st. the pricewill be 140 olus13 p & p . but to membersof the BSBI. who placean order beforethat date. the book witl be on specialoffer at only f20 plus 13 p.& p. belowtogetherwith vour To takeadvantage ofthis offer ordersmustbe sentto the address BSBI membership number. NaturalHistorvBooks Service.2-3 Wills Road.TOTNES.DevonTO9 5XN T e l .0 1 8 0 3 - 8 6 5 9 1F3a x0 l 8 0 3 - 8 6 5 2 8 0 GWYNN ELLIS. Editor REOI ESTS EARLY COLOTIREDPHOTOGR{PHS 'Preface From the Aoril 1891 to the first German Edition' of mv copv of Plant-Atlas. lllustrating Seh. Kneipp's Water-(-ure. The Publisherswrite ofthe coloured olates Requests 'lntirute ofthe plants,absolute carehasbeenbestowedupon the tbrthfulrepresentatlon havingbeenobtainedbv the useofphotoeraohv- the first time to our knowledge conectness that this sciencehasbeenmadeuseof in a Botarucalwork.' Do membersknow earlierbotanicalpublicationsillustratedbv photographv? The in colour.photosraphed flat on tintedbackgrounds. Theseplatesareofspecimens 'containingPictorialRepresentations ofall the frontispieceis titled,tl.r' Ilater-(-ure and describedas Medicinal-Plantsmentionedas well as someothersin seneraluse amongthe people.Bv Sebastian Kneio Paris(h)Priestof Woerishofen[Bavaria]' The publishers areH. Grevel& Co.. 33 Kins Street.CoventGardenW.C. andthe book was printedbv Jos.Koselat Kempton(Bavaria) MARY BzuGGS. 9 Arun Prospect.PULBOROUGH West SussexRFI20 1AL INFORMATION REQUIRED ON EPI I,OBIUM BRUNNESCENS I am a studentat the Universitvof Walesat Bangor studvingMSc Ecology.I am olanningto research a proiect on l,pilobium hnnmescens(New ZealandWillowherb).an alienspeciesin GreatBritain. I am planningto studyits impacton the indigenousflora in uplandSnowdonia.I will be gratefulto hearfrom anyoneelseresearchingthis speciesand alsoifanvone hasany seedsthat I could obtainfor controlledexperiments. Miss C.M. HAYWARD MSc Ecology.Schoolof BioloeicalSciences. BrambellBuilding.UCNW Baneor-Deiniol Road-BANGOR GwvneddLL5'7 2lNV RUBUS SPECIMENS FROM v.c.59 In order to further assistmv studiesof RyDl in v.c. 59. detailsof herbariumspecimens from that vice-countvwould be gratefullvreceived.Pleaseincludeas manvdetailsas possibleincludinganv previousnamesgiven to the specimens.Any field records(preferablvwith a lkm squaremap reference)would alsobe much apDreciated. DAVE EARL.4 Meadow Wav. Brooklvn Park. GravelLane.Banks.Nr SOUTFIPORTPR9 8BU TUTSAN (.HYPERICUM ANDROSAEMU'^ IN ESSEX On 4 Julv I 980 I found one plant of Hvpericumandrosaemumin a newly-coppicedareaof limewood in ChalknevWood. Earl'sColne.N. Essex.it did not persist.Thisis an almostexactparallelto JeremvDaglev's discoveryof the olant in Hatfield Forest(8.!91Neu'.s66 9). Thereare manvearlvrecordsofthis olant in Essexwoods andEoping Forest.I havelittle doubt and that. hke H.r'pericumhir,sulum-H. tetraDterum-andH. humifu.suml-Haiw-Seuare-stalked Trailing St John's-wortsrespectively]this is a woodlandplant-not very tolerantofshade-which spendsmost ofits time as long-livedseedand aopearsonlv after felling.Did anvonerecordit after the 1987and 1990storms-whichawakened manvcoooicineolants? OLI\€R RACKHAM- ComusChristiColleee-a*OOOU CB2 IRH Reouests/ Courses FOREIGN FT,ORAS AND FIELD GUIDES Bob Press.who compiledfor us in 1986.ldentification monual.s:Lt. uide l|'estenrLurooe and the Mediterranean hasnow offeredto updatethis guide.lt was first publishedas a Suoplementto B.\r91 Nev's4l December1986. Bob would be pleasedto hearfrom anvmemberwho hasusedFieldGuidesandFlorasrecentlv in westernEuropeor the Mediterranean with commentson theirpracticalusefor identification. and in whichcountriesor areasthevwereuseful takinslansuase.fornrat.illustrations. etc . into consideration Pleasesendcommentsto: Mr J.R.Press-Deot of Botany.The NaturalHistoryMuseum. CromwellRoad.LondonSW7 5BD MARY BRIGGS. Hon GeneralSecrelan' FIGS IN NORTH MIDLANDS AND NORTHERN ENGLAND We are gatheringinformationof the occurrenceof licrr.r caricu (Fie\ in the aboveregionsin order to evaluatethe distributionofthe species in GreatBritain. The occurrenceofthe fig alongthe banksofthe River Don in Sheffieldhasbeenhighlightedby Dr Oliver Glben who demonstratedan associationwith warm water dischargefrom the steel industry.Informationto dateindicatesthat the plantis orobablvwidespread but local.occurringon disturbed.urbanriverswith oastor presentthermalpollution.I{owever-few detailedaccountsare available. We would be eratefulfor anv informationthat is available:all contributionswill be in resultinqpublications. acknowledged CHARLOTTE ALLEN & CAROLINE HOBSON. SheffieldCentrefor Ecolosv & Environmental Management. Town Hall ChambersI BarkersPool. SFIEFFIELDSl IEN COTTRSES TAXONOMY: PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES A I 2-dav short course.Toxonomv:Principlesand l)racticeswill be held at GlasgowUniversitv betweenJuly 3-14-1995.The courseis ooento all who areinterested in taxonomv.For furtherdetails contact. ZOE BADCOCK. TaxonomvCourse.Botanv.The Universitv.GLASGOWC l2 8OO Tel.:(0141)339 8855Ert 6207 E-mail:taxon@eeolosv.glaseow ac.uk ENVIRONMENT COURSf,S AT THE TINIVERSITY OF BRISTOL The Universitvof Bristolis offeringtwo courseswhichmavbe interestto membersof the BSBL MSc in Ecologt'and Managemento.fthe Natural Environmeilt.cortmencingin October 1995.is for graduates in ecologicaldisciplines who wishto becomeprofessional consultantsThe finaldate for apolications is 30 Apnl. 1995 60 Courses / Book Notes ('erti.ficalein NoturalHistot.t'(OpenSttrtlies). in association r.','ith the BBC NaturalHistoryUnit, is a new,qualification for anvoneinterested in NaturalHistory The courseis part-time,flexible. modularanddesignedto meetall interests For detailsofthese.or anyothercoursespleasecontactme at the address below DAVID J. HILL Departmentfor ContinuingEducation.Universrtyof Bristol,8- I 0 BerkeleySquare. C l i f t o nB, R I S T O LB S 8 I H H T e l 0 l I 7 9 2 87 1 7 2 - F a x0 l 1 7 9 2 54 e 7 5 T]NIT OF VEGETATION SCIENCE - 1995PROGRAMN{E LancasterUniversityis wherethe NationalVegetationClassification wasdeveloped, work now being publishedby CambridgeUniversityPressas lJrjti.thPlailt ('unnltilities. The Unit of Vegetation Scienceis a training,research and surveygroupwith an established reputationin applyingthe NVC approach vegetation resources for understanding Thisyear'sprogrammeprovidesContinuingProfessional Development for thoseworkingin conservation, landscape management andvegetationsurvev.aswell asmorespecialised applications of the NVC in vegetationscience. For furtherinformationaboutour trainingprogrammepleasecontact' KATE STEELE,Short-Courses Lancaster Co-ordinator,Unit of VegetationScience, University, LANCASTERLAI 4YQ Tel 0152465201ext.3486;fax 01524843854 COTIRSES AT SLAPTON LE}' AilsaBurnsis leadingtwo coursesat SlaptonLev FieldCentre.FromMay l9-21. a weekendof Easy' AccessBotany,plannedfor peoplewith limitedmotility,andfiom July28 - August9, a week's I ntnxilt cIi on to Mon ocoj' Iedons. For detailscontact: The Warden,SlaptonLea FieldCentre,Slapton.KINGSBRIDGE,Devon BOOK NOTES This is my lastBook Notesasthe Society'sbook reviewseditor.I would like to thankall the reviewers, authors,publishers andotherswho have.directlvor indirectly,contributed to thebook reviewssectionof llhtsotria.I hopethat ChrisPreston,who is takingoverthejob from the startof the nextvolume.will enjoyit asmuchasI have.To makehis work easier.if you areplanningor directinga publicationpleaseadvisethe publishers asearlyaspossibleofthe amangements for obtaininga reviewin lilat.sonia. A copymustbe sentdirectlvto the book reviewseditor,on or slightlybeforepublication,ifdelay in publishinga reviewis to be avoidedlt is particularly important to includedetailsofthe price.and(ifprivatelypublished) the address from whichcopiescanbe obtained '[he Floroof l)ilchle.t,.Inthereviewof A.J.Dunn'sbookinllatsonra20(2). theareacoveredbythe I;lorawas incorrectlygivenas46 hectares. whereasthe correctfigure,asreadersofthe book will be aware,is 4,646hectares. Algan,e Plant.sand Landsc'ape, by D.L lv{abberley and P J. Placito,r.r'aslistedat I45 in Book Notes (BSBINews66, April 1994)and\n Watsonia20 (2) 163,September 1994) The correctprice for this book,whichwaspublishedbv Orlord UniversitvPress.is f30 I apologise for these CITOTS. Book Notcs 6l Reviewsof the followingbookswill be includedin the August1995issueof ll/atsonia20(4) ( ireek wiltl flow'ersontl plant lore in ancient(ireece. H Baumann;translated& augmentedby W. T. London.1993. mostin colour.TheHerbertPress, & E.R. Stearn.Pp.252,482illustrations. Pricef16 95 (ISBN I-87I569-5'7-5) ITtscularplant.familie.sond genero R K Brummitt. Pp. r'iii + 80.{ RoyalBotanicGardens,Kew. 1993.Pricet24 00 (ISBN 0-91'7613-43-5) Atlas l;lorae liuropaeoevol. 10,Cruciferae(Sig'nhriumto Auhrieta).Editedby J Jalas& for MappingtheFloraof Europe& Societas Pp.224,324maps.Committee J. Suominen. PriceFIM 455;available lrom PO Box BiologicalFennica Vanamo1994 ISBN 951-9108-09-2 128,Helsinki00101,Finland We.stYorkshirePlonr Atlas. Edited by J C Lavin & G T D Wilmore Pp 287,6 colour plates,700 maps.City of BradfordMetropolitanCouncil,Keighley 1994 Pricef25 (ISBN 0-907734-i9-l) ('atalogne d the Rrcrmblesof Rritairt ottd lreland in the herbariumof l.iverpool Mu.setrnt(lJI'), Pp.viii + 48; I map.NationallV{useums & compiledby M. Palmer,editedby J. Edmondson. Liverpool 1994.Pricetl2 (ISBN 0-906367-70-0) Gallerieson Merseyside, llild I'lants of the PhoenixParl P A. Reillv, with contributionsby D L Kelly, D.M Synnott& J McCullen.NationalBotanicGardens.Glasnevin & The PhoenixPark.Officeof PublicWorks, 'Glasra' Reprinted lromthejournal Dublin 1993 PriceIRJ7.50(ISBN 0-7076-0331-5) An annotate.lchecklisto.fthe.flov,eringplants antl.lernsof lvfain Arg //. G. Rothero& B. 1994 (ISBN 0-9522852-0-7) Thompson.Pp iv + 132;map Argyll FloraProject,Clenlussa. A catalogueof the Herboriunrof the British l;lu'a cctllectedhy Mctrgaret Stot,irt(1756-1816) BoroughCouncilLeisureServices M. Simmons.Pp.422 (text) + 162(indexes)Middlesborough Middlesborough. 1993.PriceandISBN not stated. Department, & C.D. Preston.Pp. ScarcePlantsin Britain. Compiledandeditedby A. Stewart,D A. Pearman JointNatureConservation 515, 16 tables,49figures,distributionmapsof325 species. 1994 Pricet34 (ISBN |-87370|-66-'7) Committee,Peterborough. I i l o r a o f G l a m o r g a n . A . E . W a d e , Q . OKNa y . R . G E l l i s e t a lP p v i i i + 3 8 3 + 8 5 u n n u m b e r e d p p ofmaps(1019maps).H M S O., London 1993 Pricef29.95(ISBN0-l l-310046-9) The followingpublications havebeenreceivedrecently.Thosethat will not be reviewedin ll/atsonia aremarkedwith an asterisk,unsignednotesareby J.E. *The eutlogical effectsof increasedoerial depo.sitionof nitrogen. Ed. N. Bell; British Ecological FieldStudies Issuesno.5.Pp.v + 36;2 col.plates. Council,Preston SocietyEcological Montfort 1994.Pricet3 50 (ISBN 1-85153-854-2) 'This bookletreviewsthe currentknowledgeofthe impactson naturalandsemi-natural ... the protection ecosystems ofinputs ofa rangeofnitrogenouspollutantsfrom the atmosphere blurb. of ecosystems by emissioncontrolshascomplexpolicyimplications'- publisher's ('hemotaxonomieder Pflonzen(Chemotaxonomyof plants),vol. lla. Leguminosaepart L R. Hegnauer&M HegnauerPp xix+ 529.Birkhauser, Basel 1994 Pricet2l8 (ISBN 3-7643-2979-3). Club,Sandwell. Sandu,ellI'alleyF'loro M. Poulton Pp (2) + 42, ill SandwellValleyNaturalists 1994.Price13 incl p. & p from S V N C., 10VicarageStreet,Oldbury,Warley,West Midlands 8 6 8 8 H Q ( t S B N0 - 9 5 1 1 5 3 2 - 1 - 8 ) *Il'.H.('oleman's['-loraofliasrOrinstead(18361 EditedbyT.CG fuch Pp.[iii] +28,map SussexBotanicalRecordingSociety,EastGrinstead1994 Price? (ISBN 0-9522981-0-8) wrote a manuscript catalogue of the plantshe observedwithin [W.H. Coleman(c'.1816-1863) four milesof EastGrinstead, Sussexin the year 1836.Tim fuch hasprepareda transcript, recordsof includingmodernnameswheredifferentfrom the namesusedby Coleman,containing introduction, 377 dicots,126monocots,22 ferns& fern-allies and2 conifers.A biographical Kew bibliography andgazetteerarealsoprovided.The libraryofthe RoyalBotanicGardens, holdsthe originalmanuscript bv'one ofthe mostunder-celebrated fieldworkersofthe last century'. 62 Book Notes An illuslroledl:lora of North (.-y'pru.s D.E. Viney.Pp.xxix + 697: 1088 linedrawings,4 colour plates,2 maps Koelz ScientificBooks.Koenigstein, 1994 Price[not stated](ISBN 3-87429-364-5). *Slithlutnl ll'ood: a stud1'of its hi.storyand wgetotion S. Woodward.Pp. vii + 229 pp ,34 tables, 79 maps& figures.Leicestershire Museums,Arts & RecordsServ'ice, Leicester.I 994. Pricef9 (ISBN 0-85022-303-2); availablefiom LMARS, The Rowans,CollegeStreet,Leicester LE2 OJJpricef l0 incl p & p Thisis the reportofa very thoroughecologicalandfloristicsun'eyofone ofLeicestershire's finestwoodlands,siluatedat the edgeofCharnwoodForestroughlymidwaybetweenLeicester andLoughboroughThe smallsizeof the woodland(59 ha ) beliesits floristicrichness, andthe author'sresearch hasrevealedmanydetailsofthe historyofthe woodlandandplacedthemin a wider context.The chapteron the flora,whichoccupiesabouta third ofthe book,includes sectionson bryophytesandlichensaswell asvascularplants. JOHN EDMONDSON,BotanyDept.,NationalMuseums& Gallerieson Merseyside, Liverpool Museum,WilliamBrown Street,LI\ERPOOL L3 8EN NEWS FROM OUNDLE BOOKS Thereareover 20 new titlesin the Supplement to my stocklist for Autumn 1994.Theseincludethe incrediblelllert Plqnts of the Rritish Isles.ScarceI'lants in Rritain, andBritish Plant ('ommunities Yol 4,Ac1ualic('ommuniltes. ThereareanumberofforeignbooksinthelistincludingExcursion F lora von Osterreichreviewedin the latestpaft of Ll'atxtnia..Also,volume 82 in the New Naturalist Series.7fteNew Naluralisls by one of our members,PeterMarren, describesthe developmentof the seriesoverthe last50 yearsandits contributionto informationon the naturalhistoryofBritain. It is availablein hard and soft back. lf you would like a copyof my new stocklist supplement, pleasephone,Faxor write to: MARGARET PERRING,GreenAcre,Wood Lane.OUNDLE PE8 sTP, Tel 01832271388.Fax 018322'74568 BOOKS FOR DISPOSAL We havea largenumberof ex-BritishMuseumNaturalHistorybotanicalbookswhichwe now find that we haveto pulp.Beforewe do so,though,I thoughtthat it mightbe usefulto includea notein BSBI Newsthat the itemslistedbelow are availableto anybodyfor the cost of postingit to them,if theywereto includea stampto the valueof 36p: Exell,A.W., Angiosperms of the Islandsof the Gulf of Guinea(Fernando Po,Principe,S. Tome,and Annobon),Bull. Brir. lt4us.(Nor.Hi,st.)Roranl'4(8) (London1973) Ludlow,F. andW.T. Stearn,New HimalayanandTibetanSpeciesof (brydall"s(Papaveraceae), Ilull. Brit. Mils. (Nar.Hist.) Botanl'5(2) (1975). Press,J.R.Taxonomicstudiesin the LabiataetribePogostemoneae, Bull. Brit. Mus. Not. Hist.) Botanyl0(l) (1982) Richardson,W D., The J\{arineAlgae of Trinidad,West Indies,Ilull. Brit. Mtts. (Nat. Hist.) Botany 5(3)(London1975) Sledge,W A , The DryopteroidFernsof Ceylon,Rull. Brir. lllu.\. (Nar.Hrst.)Boran1,5(l)(197j). Smith,H , New or little known Himalayanspeciesof Swertia andL'eratilla (Gentianaceae), r9rtl/. Brit. Mu.s.(Not. Hist.) Rotany4(6) (1970) Book Notes / Reports ofField Meetings - I 99+ Smith,Harry. Sarifrago of the HimalayaI SectionKah.st'hia,Bull. Rrrt. il4us.(Nttr.Ht.st)Rotan| 2(2)( r e58) Bull. Brrr.Mus. (Nat.Hist.)Rotan! 4(1) (1969) StearqW.T , A synopsisof Jamaican myrsinaceae, Bull. Rril. Steam,W.T., A surveyof the tropical generaOplonia andPsilqnthele(Acanthaceae), Mu.s.(Nat. Hist.) Borany 4('7)(1971) to Bhutanand W.T..FrankLudlow(1885-1972) Stearn, andtheLudlorv-Sherriffexpeditions (Nat.Htst.1Botanl,5(5)(1976) South-Eastern Tibetof 1933-1950. Bull. llrir. lr'lus. and Ludlow,Frank,ReliquiaeBotanicaeHimalaicae GERALD LEGG, Keeperof Biology,The Booth Museunrof NaturalHistory,194Dvke Road, Ert BrightonBNI 5AA. Fax 027i 56i455.TelephoneA273552586or 02731713299/603005 3299 - 1994 REPORTSOF FIELD NTEETINGS Reportsof FieldMeetingsareeditedby, andshouldbe sentto, Dr B S. Rushton,Dept of Biological N. IrelandBT52 I SA Co Londonderry, andBiomedicalSciences. Universityof Ulster,Coleraine, Correction: Field Meeting Lytham St Annes25 June 1994 oreruriu bur on Referencewas madein the repon for the abovemeetingto the disco\ery of l:e.stuc'tt furthereraminationof the materialit is believedthat this is a misidentification. E F GREENWOOD,Keeperof LiverpoolMuseum,WilliamBrown St, LIVERPOOLL3 8EN IRELAND _ 1993 GOREY, Co. WE)GORD (v c Hl2). 29th-30thMAY This meetingwasblightedby reallyatrociousweather.with torrentialrainon both days.Six members bravedthe first day,spendingthe momingon TaraHill, a rocla outcroprisingto over 240mabove (reponedas H. tunhrigense(TunbridgeFilmy-fem))hadbeenrecorded the coast.A Hymenoph.v'llurz herein 1891,andwould be a greatrarityin this eastcoast,mainlylowlandcounty.andin l99l a few plantsofthe Republicoflreland Protectedspeciestr7olalactea(PaleDog-violet)hadbeenfound momingflounderingin hereby RF. Attemptsto confirmtheserecordsled to a thoroughlyunpleasant the coniferswhichnow degradethe hill, findingthe violet sitedestroyedandno signoffilmy-ferns The afternoonwasstill soakingbut moresuccessful. asa briefvisit to the glenolthe OwenavavorraghRiver at Courtown confirmedE.S. Marshall's 1897record for ('arex slrigosu (Thin-spikedWood-sedge),still plentiful,and David NashnoticedfruitingLathraeusquannria (Toothwort)whichprovedto be very abundanton the rootsof a poplarplantationon the floodplain. Thiswasthe first confirmedtoothwon recordfor H 12,the only otherreportsbeingin Wild Flower Societydiariesofthe I 940s Day 2 wasalmostmoreforbidding,but two Britishmembers, Liz DeanandDavidHumphreys, loyallyturnedup, so we hurriedinto KilloughrimForestnearEnniscorthy for shelterThisonce 'forest' ofoak woodlandandheathstill hassomefinefragments, andit washoped exlensiveancient 'in thousands'here that Orohoncherapum-genistae(GreaterBroomrape)(reportedby C B. Moffatt beforea hardwinterin l9l7 reducedit) mightbe refound.anda reportof ('arex.strigosq confirmed. The first areaexaminedwasbesidea stream,andalthoughthe only sedgelikelyto havecausedthe ('. slrigosarumourprovedto be ('. luevigata(Smooth-stalked Sedge),withinminutesthe sensational discoveryof a fine flowering sprkeof ('ephalantheralongifolla (Nanow-leavedHelleborine)made rainandfailuresirrelevantThereprovedto be morethan20 plantsrn swampyconditionsunderholly is a spectacular andalder,andthisRedl)ota Bool species additionto the countylist. The verywet. Rcportsof Ficld Mcctings I 991 acid habitat (the imnrediateassociatesincluded OenrnttheLroulto and a Sphagnum) astonishedus all, but it appearsiionr literature retbrencesthat this is nrore n pical of lrish sites than the dry calcareous woodland usual in Bntarn It is hoped that future legislation in lreland will give sites of biological importance such as Killoughrim Forest some real prolection, and ensurethe beautiful orchid which saved this dreadful meeting. a firture in Co \\'erfbrd ROSEMARY FITZGERALD IRELAND _ 199.1 CosWATEMORD & \\EXFORD (r'cc H6 & Hl2) ird - 4th SEPTEN.{BER Day l, Co. Waterford In the rnorningelevenparticipants visitedthe saltmarsh at the Backs(rand behindTramorebeach, wherethe focuswasprimarilyon Salicornio.The singlefloretS pu.riila(One-flowered Glasswort) wasfoundin abundance alongthe hightide mark.whilebelowbut in the upperregionsofthe marsh, two taxa,S. ramosissima(PurpleGlasswort)and S. europaea(CommonGlasswort)were recognisable in the S europaeaagg.At the middleandlowerlevelsof the marsh,S..fragili.s (Yellow Glasswort)andS. dolichosta(hw (Long-spikedGlassrvort)in the ^t sticto agg.were found. Other interestingspeciesfound includedTri.foliumfragyt'enur(StrawberryClover), Porapholisstrtgosa (Hard-grass),Puccinellia c/islans(Reflered Saltmarsh-grass), Inulo crithmoi.le.\'(Golden-samphire) egt a soIdanaIIa ( SeaBindu'eed) and(-oly,.st In the afternoonthe groupvisitedBallyscanlon andCarrickaventry Lakes,localitiesfor [.obelia dortmanna(WaterLobelia).This wasnot found,probablydueto the lakesbeingunseasonably high after the wel sunmer. Interestingspeciesnotedincludedl.rttorella tniflora (Shoreweed),O.smunda regalrs(Royal Fem),Anagallis rcnella(Bog Pimpernel),Hlpericum elodes(Marsh St John's-wort) and fine standsof Riln ex hl,drolapathurn(Water Dock). The party went on to the neighbouring Pembrokestown Rocksandfoundthe recentlydiscoveredL'iolalactea(PaleDog-violet)thriving.A pleasanteveningfollowedat the FiveCountiesHotel,New Ross,with a Salicorniaworkshopanda demonstration of someinterestinq alienscollectedin Co. KilkennvandCo. Dublin. I.K. FERGUSON Day 2. Co Wexford The secondday hadsomeunwelcomedramas,onememberhavingher parkedcar hit by a runaway van,anotherhavinga grislyfall into barbedwire andthe blackestandsmelliest ofbrackishmud,all in unkindweather but moraleremained goodl In the morningsaltmarsh siteson BannowBay were visited,includingthe beautifullittle marshbehindGrangeBurrow whereSarcocorniaperennis (Perennial Glasswort)wasabundant(with impressively displaved anthers)roundsmalitidalpools. Salic<trnia speciesseenduringthe morningrverethe sameasthoseidentifiedin Co. Waterford. S. pusilla, S. ramosis.simaandS. europaea, ,\. fi'agilis andS. dolichostaclrya. The afternoonwas spentexploringthe NationalNatureReserveat BallyteigeBurrow,with welcomeguidancetiom the WildlifeRanger.EugeneWallace,who is makinga specialstudyof the Sarcoconriapererzrlsundeterredby its hideousnamechanges.This speciesis locally abundant,with a rangeofthe annualspecies of Sahc'ornia, on the Cull inletwherethe rarethoughmuddyand (Borrer's Saltmarsh-grass) inconspicuousgrassPuccinellia;t'ast'ic'ulata was alsoexamined.Damp brackishgrassland with poachedandtrampledareashadthe interesting little annual(-enraurium 'frrfolimr.frogtfenm (StrawberryClover) and pult'helhm (LesserCentaury)still in flower, with Parapholisstrigo.srr(Hard-grass).But perhapsthe most excitingpan ofthe afternoonwas spenton part ofthe Ilurrow itself, wherethe fine sandhillssupporthugepopulationsof A.sparaEpts officinalis pr().iretus(Wild Asparagus). subsp. cominginto berrl,amongdunevegetation still lieshafterthe wet summer.The weatherfinallyclearedup, andmembers wereableto collectdelicioussuppersof Horse Mushrooms(Agaricusanan.sis)in ad hoc carriersof scan'esandhats. Reports of Ficld Meetings - I 991 65 to meet,or get reacquainted Duringthe two daysit was a greatpleasurelor the Irishmembers with, Keith andLornaFergusonCo. Waterfordwill benefitfrom theirplannedmorefrequentreturns, andCo. Wexfordhashad a mostvaluableadditionto its recordsbv havinethe difhcultSalicornia speciesconfirmedandelucidated by Keith. ROSEMARYFITZCERALD SCOTLAND SEATONCLIFFS.ANGUS (v c 90) 23rdJLiLY This meetingto the AngusCoaslto visit ScottishWildlifeTrust'sSeatonCliffsReserve(partof a alsoopento members of the Perthshire Societyof coastalSSSIrunningnorth from Arbroath;r.vas The sunshoneaseightofus assembled the NaturalSciences. at the endofthe ArbroathPromenade, a remnantofcoastalgrassland sandwiched between mainaccesspoint,from whicha pathtraverses arablelandand steep,high cliffsofOld Red Sandstone The grassland supportsa rich insectlaunaandsomeofthe groupwererecordingbees,butterflies plusthe ofgraylingbutterflies, andmothsin additionto plants.Ofinterestwasan unusualabundance vulneroria(KidneyVetch)enables little blue.The presence smallpopulations occasional of Anth.t,llis Alsoworthyofattentionwerethesix-spotburnetmothswhich ofthelatterbutterflytobreedhere in their blackandred liverywhenalightingon flowersof(-entaureantgra lookedspectacular (CommonKnapweed).Someexposedareaswereparchedafterprolongeddry weatherandplantslike Aslragafu.sdanlczs (PurpleMilk-vetch) were not their usualshowyselves. We pausedto admirea sandstone slackknownasthe Deil's Head(oneof severalsculptedrock forms in the vicinity) - havingjust found a small groupof ('arlirto vrlgaris (CarlineThistle)on thinly vegetatedslopesnearby.Detouringon to the siteofan ancientfortificationwe passedan e)itensive areaof bumt gorsebut fortunatelyfire had not damageda fine specimenof tr'icia.sylvatica(Wood (Greater Vetch).ln due coursewe descended into Carlingheugh Bay where('enlaurea.scabiosa Knapweed)wasfloweringin abundance. Recordinga good numberof species we progressed along the sandand shingleshore,and on reachingthe tall sandstonecliffs at the farthestpoint ('ampanula (Wild Liquorice).Parietariajudaiccr glomerala (ClusteredBellflower),Astragalu.sglycl,ph.t'llcts (Pellitory-of-the-wall) (CornmonMallow) hadall beenseen.Whilstretracing andMalra .sylve.srri.s our stepstwo fairly prolongedstopswere neededto identifyAllium spp.overlookedearlier. Recording142specieshadconfirmedthe species-richness ofthe reserve.With propermanagement it shouldremainso andcontinueto be a wonderfulolaceto visit BARBARA G- HOGARTH WALES GARDEN FESTIVAL SITE, EBBW VALE, GWENT (v c 35) 26thJUNE It wasa small,selectgroupof four that setoffto seewhatchangeshadtakenplaceat this sitetwo yearsafterthe Festivalended.The meetingbeganby lookingat the areasthat hadbeensubjectto the bulldozerandthenbecome'derelict'.Despitea good species list ofweedsandearlycolonisers there werereallyno excitingfinds,althoughidentif,ingsmallscrappyspecimens growingon poor soil certainlypresenteda challenge. The groupthenmovedon to look at the wild flowerbanksthat hadbeensownwith packetsof seedto createan instantcolourfuleffect.Unfortunatelv therewasa definiteforeignflavourto the (Bird's-foot+refoil)continuedto grow seedsource,asrobustnon-BritishLtrus cornic'ulalz.i vigorouslyon this site.Otherspecies continuingto thriveherewere('entauredscabiosa(Greater Knapweed),Anlhyllis vtlneraria (Kidney Yetch), Echium wlgare (Yiper' s-bugloss),Leucanthemum rrrlgare(OxeyeDaisy)andothers.noneof rvhichI suspectwas of Britishorigin. Reponsof Field Meetings 199.1 Similarproblemswith introducedspecieswere evidentat the pond, wherePotenlillapalustris (Marsh Cinquefoil),Ranuncuhrslingua (GreaterSpearwort)and(-atabrom aqrallcrr (Whorl-grass) continueto grow well after they were plantedfor the Festival.All thesespeciesare uncommonor rarein Gwent,so the progressof theseplantedspecimens needsto be monitored.It will be interesting persistin andaroundthe areaswheretheygrow now, to seehow someofthesespecies andwhat problemsarepresented to BSBI recordersin the future. ELSA WOOD l?{/r{/S RECORDINGWEEKEND. CARMARTFIEN(v c 44) 21st- 24thruLY After meetingfor eveningdinnerat Trinity College,rhe basefor the weekend,the smallparty enthusiastically venturedforth to the first recordingsite, SpringfieldRoad on the outskirtsof Carmarthen.No fewer than elevenRzbas speciestogetherwith a further six putativehybridsand un-namedplantswerefoundgrowingin the hedgerows surrounding two smallpastures! Thiswasto prove to be one ofthe most productivesitesofthe weekendand includedR. adscitusanew vice-countyrecordandR. biloensisnew for the l0-km square(SN/4.2).As therewasstill sufficient time beforedusk, it was decidedto headfor a secondsite,acrossinto a neighbouringl0-km square (SN/4 I ), in a railway yard on the other sideof town. This was not so productivebut still held five species, includingR. cardiophvllu.s, new for the 10-kmsquare.andescaped'Bedford Giant',of gardenorigin.a new v.c record Early Fridaymorning sawthe party speedingtowardsGelli Aur Country Park,nearLlandeilo, whereit was met by Mike Smith,AssistantRanger.Nine frequentRlbas speciesand two putative R. ulmifolius hybridswere noted,noneof which were new to this previouslywell-recordedl0-km square(SN/5.1). The next site at Garnswllt,southof Ammanford,was in a previouslyun-visited l0-km square(SN/6 0) and yieldedfive speciesincludinga new v.c. record of R. melanodermis.Nso here,the party had its first encounterwith the 'Garnswllt Puzzler',a local SeriesRadtlae plant which was to be found at six additionalsitesin the Llwchwr valleyareadown to the coastat Llanelli. A further three new recordswere madefor SN/6.0 in hedgerowsnearto the entranceto Erw-wastad farm which includedsecondv.c. recordsfor R.;fTeruosas andR. melaruxlermis. Much of the remainder of the afternoonwas spentin SN/5.0,whereaftera disappointing visit to the siteof the defunctMorlaisColliery,Llangennech. wherethe only new recordfor the squarewas R. tuberculatus,the party madean unscheduled stop on the edgeofa smallforestryplantation,part ofTroserchWood. Herethe ten species recordedincludednewv.c. recordsofR. breconensis and R. hastrformi:s(both later confirmedfrom materialcollectedby the leader),the secondv.c. recordof R. ttessensisand four new l0-km squarerecords.The'Garnswllt Puzzler'was alsopresenttogether with the secondv.c. recordof 'BedfordGant'. The leaderwasheardto say,'an excellentsite'! After the eveningmeal,Coed CochionQuarry.nearLlangymogwas visited(SN/3 I ) This site causedconsternation in the geologicalcommunityin the 1970swhenfossiljelllfish werefound, provingthe rocksto be of Precambrian ageandcomparable with a similarfaunain Australia.The Rubusfloraprovedto be only slightlylessinteresting producingtwelvespecies, five of whichwere new l0-km squarerecordsdespitethe squarehavingbeenpreviouslywell-recorded.Theseincluded the secondv.c. record for R. amplif cans. The Teifi valleywas the maintargetfor Saturdaywith the party startingat Llanybydder(SN/5 4) whereten specieswere recordedincludingfour new to the l0-km square(R. bartoilii, R. longus, R. polyanlhemusandR. prolongalus). Rubu.s perdigitalzs andR. armeniacus'HimalayanGiant' werealsonewto SN/5.4andwererecordedsouthof thetown at Cwm Hust.Travellingwestwards into SN/4.4 severalsiteswere visitedwhich collectivelyraisedthe total Rzbrs speciesrecordedfor the squareliom one to 14.Most notablewere R. biloensis,R. hylocharis andR. nessensis. Before stoppingfor lunch,the opportunitywastakento visit a known site of Rorippa islandicas.s.al Gilwern Farm (SN/3 4), detailsof which had beenkindly communicatedby Arthur Chater The specieswasfoundto be growingin greatabundance in a dampoxbowdepression adjacentto Repons ofFicld lucslings 199.1 67 reseededpasture. Five Rabl.s speciesincluding R. tlunrtnnien.rrs(new to the lO-km square) were recorded in the boundary hedge. Lunch was taken at Newcastle Emlyn Castle (also SN/3 4) rvhere fle Jlubus species,inc)udingR. tztnltoph.rllrr.r.brought the colleclrre total fbr SNi--1..1 lrom nil to e l e v e n ,e x c l u d i n gt h r e e ' p u z z l e r s ' . Continuing ever westwards. a forestn'picnic site south of Cenanh (SN/2.4) \\'as to prove very rewarding. Twelve lllrbl.r speciesrvere noted in this previousll unrecorded l O-km square including no fewer than three new v.c. records ll. urittnrren.v.:, Il. lu'gt.fitu.s and ll. .sprengeltt \lso noteworthy were ll. bartutll and 11.utrrulett.si.sReturn to Carmarthen was r,ia the Cych ralle1, traversing both SN/2.3 and SN/2.2 where /?rrr5rr.s tallies were raised from fir'e to l4 speciesin the former square (including ll. tlumtnniensr.s. ll. l<trttttrcttulis. ll. longthy'stger. ll. pertfugttatut and ll. pyramidalrs) and from three to eleven in the latter (including Il. renoralis and l?. perdr!:ttutu.\). After dinner several sites around Carmarthen in both SN/4 | and SN/l I q'ere rrsited N{aterial collected from a roadside hedgerou rvest olTr'll*yd-nrarvr, Login (SN/4 l) rvas later confirmed by the leader as R. lamburnelsl.r, a new v.c. record. whilst rt. burtomr proved to be a new lO-km square record. 'fhe easterncoastal low'landsand coalfield were lo be visited on Sunday. SN/3 0. south of Ferryside, was the first target. Onlv six Rzr5rr.s speciesrvere found grorving in the vicinity of St Ishmael's Church and adjacent Tregonning Hill It was a pit!'that the list did not match up to the glorious views across Carmarthen Bay from Gower in the east,through Llansteffan across the Tywi esluary, Laughame and Pendine Burrows. to Tenby and Caldy Island in the west. Hower"er, the list did include R. aequaltdens,R. prolongotus and 11.r'ossgn.ris,all new l0-km square records. Much of the remainder of the morning was spent in SN/4.0. krbus tardiophl,//ls was recorded at Cydweli Station but the best site was along a pathwav through the bracken dominated heathland overlying l\lillstone Grit on Mynydd-y-Caneg. Here material coilected later proved to be R. lamhurnen.si.s, the second v.c. record, whilst new l0-km squarerecords of R. aequalidens, R. altiarcuottt.s, R. longts and R. ro.!.!er,.ri.rwere also made. The sites visited on the coalfield were disappointing in as much as they contained a disproportionate nunrber ofundescribed plants. However, the rhos pasture at Pant-y-Gino, a new Dyfed Wildlife Trust nature reserve,had several small tangles of R. herlromii, the only site with this speciesseenduring the weekend and a new l0-km square record. In the hedgerows ofthe track leading to the reserve.speciesincluded R. dumnoniensl.r, R. r'os-rertslsand R. silurum However, the hightight was an addition to the party's strength. The new member was very inquisitive. even overpowering, and was definitely too much to 'serious' bear when he attempted to rub his muddy torso on members' clothes! He rvas. however, very affectionate and invited a loving pat on the back He surelv is the first ungulate batologist! After lunch, a foray was made to the Llanelli area (SN/.{.0 and SS/5.9), where a large proportion of all brambles seemedto be Rubus ulmifoliu.s,the taxon commonest in the vicinity of the coast. Finally. party members were shown one of the newly discovered Black Poplars (Populus rrlgro subsp. 'Llanelli betul(olia) of the Levels' in a hedgerow near the entranceto the Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust's Penclacwydd Centre. A substantialspecimen.it was growing adjacentto a large Black ltalian Poplar (P. r csnadensi.s'Serotina') which was very convenient for easy comparison. Before the meeting dispersed.the leader rvas heartill thanked b1,all participantstbr his customary instantaneousfield determinationsand patiencewith the novices and he must also be thanked for his subsequentconfirmations ofthree speciesin addition to relereeingthis report. The weekend had been very successfulwith the recording oleight new v.c records, five second v.c. records and 101 new l0-km squarerecords. These figures compare with the 1987 lluhns Meeting statisticsoffourteen new v.c. records, seven second v c. records and 127 new lO-km square records. Despite these figures much work remains and future /?rrDrr.s recording will be required in order to concentrateon those areas which at present remain under-recorded R. PRYCE (with revisions bv A. \jewton and N{. Porter) 199.1 ReportsofFicld Meetings CarmarthenshireRuhusmeeting- summaryof recording -F !a: 0:d E;! i:.0 E: ;"!r.!1 ii;it;;ri;Fiii;;l'i*;;glie*liiaAtE s;ci -9 :3 l.SprngneldRdGrnanhen 2 $d,noqle .SN4l22li SN41219: G'nadhei rdafmqry 2 lq!r9e4 3 Ge[Aur6lnryPark 4 Gr^3wrl1 *m Qrha. 11111 .sN593198 SN628099 sN628r@ s N 6 2 4 i1 0 irezu ro : drg: ! i"try-t 7 Pan!4tinon sbl'on /q1ai9!99! 8 Penrear^ tu Tycroes I -nq.a Ed-wabdlarmenrane lO rUna' rj.. -sN60;@ 'srmzo ", tritg{gC 2 a ,Oohu duo^ ro.dsde & lrackwry , D o r a ud u o n r a & a y z--ra..yaauerywpo 'Dolh;a;d;de & feid ?E -F"n a,qd rryt ,*.'tJu"r zr 28 Grkn Fam (For@asil4 irurday ane|lgr Eitylli:lle 4 -]!!!!{de & Ghaah For6rPcnrcsrre r@dsde&nerdbk 32 L[rrbd 3!+qltas r cltl3lLIII 99h il- tuE rvatrFarm Fe[^dre rorna'e os-r' s'-F.@"F"^ :1 l"rysqg |q!f{qr!Dr tuiudayd9!,ng S Ord Roman tud Gma^hen i;;;h s-P.;' b -.;h d; odq qeryLlelg,md 5 3 _!!!!qlq ,-,N rl -- , -, --N *tr SN4a949 .sN4$418 4N.2744 5ruaaoz Er trI Etr Ftr tr ,sqaaoz _SN32147 rrir- ft;-.; sN3r2407 5N62408 .SN271370 _ sN278 SN2727 5N1t15s snzrraJ EI Jr i -, ITT r , l R 6 .ErEr EI-Eitr 11 E 1 6 1o E- -EI, iEtrr r SN5&39 .sN51e436 5 ! tr i 1 tr 's l=r r- r9 Llanywder roadsrdei & fa rway e -L!tE4!!1!e!ry 1 |Tl 1 !n EI -snffi --u"^q"€"';.".-", |il|T| -r-rr : Hr-tN EIN EI s^r59e78 'srsezgs y!lg!!qaq,Iumq! Fa,m T l'il sN5@42 r5 -Nstdebq Et tr,; I' l E tr E E 5 tr 5 +=+.o -R#ffi llFIrll 'F gJ- o .*z;zo SN412192 'sras* .sN€1rs7 l sN!33r93 ruDdryryB44y's 42 43 44 .Nr lsd FerFrde rds'de & tackway -Tfeonil^gHil 5t shmaeschurch a5 C)dw 46 (:)@L L Sdro^ 3*aoercds hedoe@ aT,MynFdy'carlqa4frNdand ltmara^ hdges 46,GndereFd 49_P.n!y G,no Dw \F & t&k lay by S Clapts/s wd iglEy afrsn@n 51 (hC+d BurryPod 52"_Tt1€-Teg Burry%n 53,Eeb Llrynhehdy qlqSls i1.!94.q.E!E1 55 Pencladd Wentan@ SNSI I l .sN$ro SN$& grcmr SN3S3 sN4$83 .sN4465 9N1@47 5N!7r@3 -sN457022 .SN45S]2 SS537S3 . ss535$e SS5B$4 EL-- lr L ,tr_ madeiiom - lil l , - N r-El-. EET 1 - r , . , E I . __Et_ =---, E I LI .-.t. 1 .. Elr _ 'r- EI r-- ' ' ,", fil _,. -.r-a . . ITT ITI:, 1 1 $ tu@d Etr E 2 ! 10 -EI ' -'- TiT' 46210122125 €r LEGENo: ]i.'y99199qya94 $s!-.0,**ry'.-e - . . EI!1lqn'qr.,e,e@Id. .r fr€r,e@il " Rcpons of Field Meetings - 199.1 69 LAMPETER AREA (v cc 44 & 1q 30rhJULY Twenty-fourmembersandfriendsmet lhe leadersin Lampeteron a sunny,if ratherhumid,morning wherea few plantsof llorippa islqtdicct s.s.(NorthernYellow-cress)were found growing on was[ groundnearthe CwmannInn (v c. .14.SN/634.+76) The convoyof carsmovedoffto a forestpicnicsitenearLlanfairClvdogau,wheresomecars wereleft; beforemakingthe finalleg to Pant-y-pistyll (S-r-/6J.{..176) wherethe panv wasmet by rhe ownersAndy andLindseyApplegate. Pant-y-pistyll is a smallholding comprisinggrazingpaddocksandhaymeadowswhichhavebeen traditionallymanagedin the past.andexhibita varietvofgrasslandtypesin a very compactarea.Dry mesotrophic communities weredominatedbv ('lttosunrscristotur;(CrestedDog's-tail),Agrostis capillari's(CommonBent) andI)anthonio decumbens(Heath-grass)with abundant('enttiureunigru (common Knapweed)and liequent l:uphra.siarostkol,iano(an Eyebright; Damperareashad,for instance,Holcus lanatus(Yorkshire-fog),('arum t'er!rcrlltttunr(WhorledCaraway)andSrrcc.i.ln N{ostorchidswerein seed,but I 5 plantsof Plarantheruchlorantha Prolensi.t(Devil's-bitScabious). (Greatertsutterfly-orchid) werecountedconcentrated in a smallstand,and several Doc.4lorhizcr nnculola subsp.ericelontm (HeathSpotted-orchid)\\'erescatteredo\er the site. Sevensedge species, includinga clump of('arex pallescerrs (PaleSedge)wererecorded.A certainamountof marginalbrackenandscrubwaspresent,andincludeda substantial standofthe'suberect'Bramble (conll A. Newton,1993). Rrrbrrs s'cl.slr.s A smallareaofheathyrhos-grassland with a dwarfshrubelementrepresented by Culluntt vrlgaris (Heather)occurredon a dry leachedbank.andwet acidgrassland dominatedby tussocky Molinio caerulea(PurpleMoor-grass),,vaspresentin the poorlydrainednorth-east corner.which alsohad speciessuchas Lritu le'rrallr (cross-lear,edHeath),,yartheciumossifragtn (Bog Asphodel)andAnagalli.srenella(Bog Pimpernel) at low density Ar old ditch supportedllanunculusomiophtllus (Round-leavedCro\foot), andIl. penitillans penicillolll,s(streamWater-crowfoot) subsp. wasgrorvingin the stream,an unusuallysmall watercourse for this species.Severalplantsof Oreopterisltmbospernallemon-sceniedFern)were established on the banks.A smallartificialpool with introducedspecies suchasAusnr.s t'alamu5 (Sweet-flag),Iris p.seudacorus (Yellow Iris) andNymphoictes peltata (FringedWater-lily) hadbeen colonisedbybothl:leogitotr.fluirans(Floatingclub-rush) and(rtriutlariaiirutr(Lesser Bladderwort),the latterin resplendent flower.Ratheralarmingll'(r'a.ssula heln.sii(New Zealand Prgmyrveed) hadbeenaccidentally introducedinto the pool,but did not appearto be thriving. The partywasnextled to a rush-dominated vallevmireabout0.5 km north-westof Pani-y-pistyll (SN/632.480), wherethe flushedmarginssupportedan abundance of Hypericumelrxles(MarshSt John's-wort) and(-orum verticillatum (caraway). togetherwith occasionallroranrutgeton polygonrfolius(Bog Pondweed) Extensivequakingsphagntm matswhich supportedDrosera ronndifolia (RoundJeaved Sundew)werealsopresent. Beforereturningto the forestrvpicnicsitefor lunch,both LindsevandAndy wereheartily thankedfor allowingaccessto their land,andcongratulated, not only for theirenthusiasm for appropriately managingtheir fields,but alsoon theircottagegarden.full ofherbsandold varietiesof cultivatedplantsincludingfor instance(all,.stegiapulchro (Hairy Bindweed) and, Ml,rrhts otktrata (SweetCicely) R.D.PRYCE Anothersmallholding, in v.c. 46, wasthenvisited,u'ith 22 enclosures noneof whichhadbeen ploughedsinceat leastI 947 whenthe presenton'nermovedthere.Somebasicslacandlimewas usedin 1985,andgrazingfor the last47 yearshasbeenvariouslvbv cattleandhorsesandby a small permanent herdofgoats.Fiveofthe enclosures containeddry mesotrophic grassland wrth pH 5 Z6.2, andan abundance oflocally scarcespecies. 200 or moreplantsof('oelogltrssum tiridi (Frog Orchid)wereseen,althoughthe otherorchidsl)ac'4,1rtrhiztt firchsii (CommonSpotted-orchid), l). meutlato (HeathSpotted-orchid), (SouthernMarsh-orchid). L).praeternri.sso l.).purpurellct Repons ofField Meetings t99.1 (Northern Marsh-orchid),Lislera oveto (CommonTwayblade),]'latanthera bifolia (Lesser Butterfly-orchid) andI'. chloranttho(GreaterButterfly-orchid)were mostlywell over. Botlc'hiunt Ittnaria (Moonwon) and Ophioglo.ssunvulgotnn (Adder's{ongue). seenherein quantitya month earlier,weresearched lor in vain.Oneenclosure containeda largecolonyof Briza media (Quaking-grass) (RoughHawkbit).Otherenclosures andLeontodonhispidtr.s variedfrom acidic uplandwith I''estucaovlna (Sheep'sFescue)andGqliumsmatile (HeathBedstraw)andpH 4.8,to poor fen,flushedareas,blanketmire andwet uplandheath.Threesmallpondsaddedto the species total.whichwas I94 for the wholesite,includingI 3 kindsof ('arex (amongthem(-. pulicaris(FIea (PaleSedge)andthe hybnd('. hostiana, (-. viridula subsp.oedocarpa) Sedge),(-.palle.scett.s and I'e<liculari.sg'h'zrllc4 subsp.hibenttca, the hairy Lousewortthat is now turning up in severalpartsof Wales. The richnessofsuch a site,wheregoatsarea significant elementin the management is of interest,andtheseanimalsmay well be more usefulas grazersthan they areusuallygiven credit for, if they areallovl'ed to roama sufiicientlvlargeareaThe ownersofsmallholdings suchastheseare amongthe unsungheroesofconsenation. The meetingendedwith a shon visit to the old rvoodyardsiteat Lampeter(SN/579.488) by kind permissionof Nigel Davies,the owner.Ilorippo islandica s.s.(Northern Yellow-cress)occursin greatabundance on rubbleandsoil tippedherein 1992(illegally,so the originofthe materialis unfortunatelyunkrown to the owner), and hasspreadto the adjacentmarsh.The spreadinghabit and secundfruitingracemeswerecomparedwith the uprighthabitandfruitsspreading all roundthe racemein garden-grown Rorippapalustri.s(MarshYellow-cress) broughtalongfor comparison. AO CHATER RAMSEY ISLAND. PEMBROKESHIRE(v c 45) 3lst JLrLY Twentymembersgatheredat St Justinian's for the shortjourneyacrossthe Soundtothec.277 hectareislandofRamseythat the RSPBpurchased in 1992.After landingat the smallquaythe party were greetedby RSPB staff, SueWard and Ian Bullock, andwere soonexaminingthe manyfine flowering specimensof Rumexpulcher (FiddleDock) in the shortturf adjacentto the fannhouse. Scrophulariascorrxlonia(BalmJeavedFigwort) was alsoadmiredin the nearbylimekilnruins. Ramseyis its only Pembrokeshire location,andits absence from the mainland,andits prevalence near harboursin Cornwall,suggestthaton Ramseyit mrghtbe a long-standing introduction. accidental Wherethe rabbit- and sheep-grazed unsurfacedtrack, that ascendsgently from the farmhouse, reachesthe dampgrassyheathofthe plateausurface.severalscarceplantsflourish.The llushedopen stony clay marginssupportedflowering Cicendiafihfornls (Yellow Centaury)of 1-2 cm height,and membershad the pleasureof standingon a carpetof (-hamaemelumnobile (Chamomile)complete with an occasionalinJlorescence. Other speciespresentincludedAnagallis minima (Chaflireed)and muchlladio Ia Ii noi <le.s( Allseed) The dry red-deerpoachedbed ofthe shalloweastpond was carpetedwith Littorella un(Iora (Shoreweed)andApium inundalunr(LesserMarshwort)with someBaldellia ranntatloides (Lesser Water-plantain).Betweenthis and the west pond fine lawnsof ['ilularia globuhfera (Pillwort), completeu'ith brown pills,werelocated,in companywith (-allirricheDrzlra(Pedunculate Water-starwon). The find ofthe daythenoccurredwhenPeterJonesdiscovered the remainsofa few hundredplantsof ll4oenc'hia erecra(UprightChickweed), in a onemerresquareareaon a grassy mound.Noneof the membersresidentin Pembrokeshire werefamiliarwith the species, so mainland recordscannow be expected. Lunchwastakenoverlookingthe equallyshallowbut water-filledwest pond, with its Luronium nalans(FloatingWater-plantain), My'riophyllumalterniflorum (Altemate Water-milfoil) andApium inilnd.ttum Arthur Chaterthen found a secondpatchof Moenchiaerecta 1othe southofthis pond A-fterlunchthe partywalkedthroughthe extensive heathland, with its abundantfloweingEricct cinereu(BeIl Heather)to the southernedgeof the island Partiesof chough,includingyoungof the Reportsof FieldMeetings- t994 / AnnualExiibirion Meering- 199.1 7l year,were admired,feedingin the openareasoflhe heathland.Huge standsof Ratliola linoicles (Allseed)wereobservedin the uncolonised baregroundofthe maritimeheathland burntin the 1980s The returnjourney took in the steepshelteredslopesofAber Myharen,whereungrazedcoastal scrubof Pnrrzs spino.salSambucus nigyall.igustntmntlgare (Sloe/F.lderMildPrivet) masqueraded asthe RamseyForest.Two bushesoflolperus c'omilunis(commonJuniper)wereobsened clingingto the cliffedge.Memberswereinformedof Dr DavidCombes'opinionthat the Ramsey juniperswere intermediatebetweensubspecies rnna andcommntis, and similarto the CornishLizard juniperbushes.Are the four bushesremainingon Ramseythe lastremnants ofthe post-glacialjuniper forestsofPembrokeshire?Only three bushesare known, from widely scatteredlocalitieson the mainlandcliffs of Pembrokeshire. A'splenium obovatum(Lanceolate Spleenwon)patchesin the island'sstone-flaced earthbanks were then viewed on the way back to the farmhouse.This fern hadfirst beenfound in the county on Ramseyin 1847,andis still frequentin wailsandin creviceson sheltered cliffoverhangs. A single plantof Hypericum undulolum(Wavy St John's-wort)was notedin a Molinia caeruleu(Purple Moor-grass)andJuncusaarttflorus (Sharp-floweredRush)peatyflush alongsidea streamnorth of the farmhouse,and a nearbystandof osmundoregalis (Royal Fern)was examinedrhis fern is fiequenton the more sheltered, but oftenve.v steep,slopesofthe easterncliffs.prior ro re-embarkationfor the retumjoumey to St Justinian'sflowering Tryt'<tlium ornithoporlioitle.s (Bird's-footClover)waslocatedon the traclortracksby the farmhouse, but Lotui nhhiflory.s(Ilairy Bird's-foot-trefoil)couldnot be refoundin its 1993locationon the edgeofa smallheadland by the harbour S.B.EVANS ANNTIALEXHIBITION MEETING- 1994 The reportsthat follow havebeeneditedfor publicationby Dr SarahWebster. SOME BRITISH AND CONTINENTAL RUBI CON'PARED Suchmyriadsofdistinct entitiesoccurin thisgroupandthe variabilityofmany ofthem is so great that establishingthat any two are one and the sameis by no meansw-ithouthazard.Nevertheless moreandmoreBritish Ruhi arebeingacceptedasidenticalwith formsthat occuracrossthe Enslish Channel Sheetswereexhibitedofthe four latestcandidates. The consensus on thesewasthat. l. R. milesiiNewtonis not a Britishendemicbut identicaltith R. aspertderrs Sudreof the latter's BatothecaEuropaea(but whetheralsoofhis original 1907desciiptionremainsto be established) 2. An unnamedbramblelocallycommonin v c. I I betweenSouthampton andportsmouthmatches onereceivedfrom Belgium,but doesnot appeartobe R. spiruliferusp.J Mueller& Lef., the nameunder which it is known there. 3. Ar unidentifiedmemberof seriesH7'stricesFocke,commonin woods in southand central Brittany,is seemingly represented in Britainin one Isleof wight (v c l0) wood - but more specimensfrom the latter are neededfor certainty 4. Similarly,only a greaterrangeofmaterialcandecidewhethera vanablebrambleofJerseyandthe Normandycoastoppositeis the sameasR. splendidu.s P.J.l\{ueller& Lef of forestsround paris D.E. ALLEN 72 Annual Erhibrtion Meetins 199-l BSBI/PLANTLIFE MISTLETOE SURVE}' I994-I996 Ihe BSBI Mistletoesurveyof l969lj0 is beingrepeatedfollowingsuggestions thatthe declinein traditionalappleorchardsandincreasing imponsto meerthe Chriitmasmarketma!-indicatea reducedor changeddistribution.The originalsurveyhighlighted the species'restricred distribution andrelianceon appletreesasa mainhost.Resultsfiom the nervsurveywill be usedto assess anv changes in hostrelianceaswell asdistribution. The Christmastradein mistletoewill alsobe studied.Gatheringmistletoefrom orchardswas oncewidespread andthougha parasitethe plantmav evenhavebeenencoura-qed asan extrawlnter crop Todayimportsfrom Europeseemto be the mainsourceofretailers'mistletoe.Research into traditionalandpresent-day tradeandimportsu,ill helpassess *hether this is anvcausefor concern. For example,arecurrentcroppinglevelssustainablet Are berriesfiom importedplantsbeingplantecl to the detrimenrofthe iocalgenotypest J. BRIGGS TREE DETAILS Within theirtwo maincategories of coniferousandbroad-leaved. treesaresuperficially similarbut diversein detail.This erhibitof l0 drawingsshowedsomeof the diversity,with comparisons of catkins.developingbuds,leaf-shape. cones.etc.The emphasis rias on naiivespecies. J. COMBES A LLEYN (NORTH WALES) MISCELLANY l9e4 Threeadditionsto the WestLleyn(v.c. 49. Caerns)llora weremadein 1994.Epilobtumtetragonum; pimpinellifolial4'brid; and the introducedvar la1lr?/.rof Lotu-scornicuittrus. a Ro.sa Thefirstnotice,inWestLleyn, of Lotuscorniculatusvar.satiyusChrtkovAcamefromtheverge ofa recentlyre-seeded road wideningTheneedis stressed to recordnew locationsofthis variant's presentoccurrence, so that anyfuturespreadinto secondary, maybemorenaturalhabitats,canbe monitored. The hvbrid Burnet Rose(Rosacaninu R. pinpinellifolia) looked ]]ke Il. pinpinellifotia tvith " red hips,suckers,andsparseacicles,it is deemed'non-directional' (asfemaleparentuncertarn). Only otherrecordllom Wales.v c. 52, Anglesey(R H. Roberts,l97g) r'pilobiumtetragonum(Square-stalked willowherb)is new to BardseyIsland.a single pasture-field clump.The solepreviousW Llevnrecordis lrom 1958 and 'unconfirmed';otherv.c. 49, Caemsrecordsmaybe errors,or .old' (Griffth 1g95.in northCaerns). A.P.CONOLLY SOMETHING OLD, SOMETHING NEW, SOMETHING BORROWED, SOMETHING BLUE - EXHIBITS FROM THE BRITISH COLLECTIONS AT THE NATTIRAL HISTORY MTJSEUM Itemsexhibited Somethingold - collectionsby samuelDale.Joseph.Andrews andRobertBrown datinslrom r ' .1 7 0 0r o r h e 1 8 5 0 s Somethingnew leafletsaboutthe IDQ schemewhichprovidesa qualification provingcomperence in identification, two grasses from Rosel\{urphy'sgift ofc.900 ,p..ir.n, anda iichennervto Britain foundin v c 62. N.E Yorks Arnual Exhibition Mecting - 199-1 71 a negativeanda lew Somethingborrowed borrowedbooksfeaturingE.J.Bedford'sphotographs, of hisc'.2000high qualitylantemslides,mainlyof Orchidaceae, heldby the NHJ\{Departmentof pleasecontact Libraryand InformationServices. Furtherinformationon Bedfbrdwasrequested, MeganDowlen. Somethingblue featuredthe folkloreassociations olperiwinklewith the title rhyme. lor borrowinson a self Memberswereremindedthat the Britishtransoarencv collectionsareavailable selectionbasis. CM DOWLEN&G LYALL THE CIPIERES PROJECT, ALPES-MARITIMES The communeof Cipidresliesin the submontane limestoneregion25 km NW of Nice The coreof the communityis the villageof Cipieressituatedon a highbench(750 m alt.)closeto wherethe RiverLoup. whichrisesl0-km to the W, turnsabruptlySE towardsthe l\{editerranean. The commune coversc.40kmzandis bounded to theN andE bv the deepgorgeofthe Loup(450m alt.). whileits S andW edgefollow high-cliffedescarpments with an ertensir,e karstplateauat 12001400m alt The interdisciplinary headedby DavidAustinofthe Dept.ofArchaeology-, teamofresearchers, Lampeter,is investigating the socio-political historyof this commune.includingdocumentation since mediaeval times.vernaculararchitecture. landscape andterraceconstruction, soils,geologvandplant ecology. After five seasons offieldwork I havemadesome800 herbariunr for namingand collections distributionto herbariaat Kew, ParisandNice.Numeroushabitatsandsitesat all altitudeshavebeen monitoredseasonally anda database ofc. l 100species is beingcompiled.The exhibitdemonstrated somebotanicalaspectsofthis Projectarea. F.N.HEPPER HELP! This is a regularexhibitdesigned to give informalhelpwith identification of plants.Awkward specimens aredisplayed andthe assembled anonymously botanistsareinvitedto makesuggestions lor namingthem.Thisyear'sofferingsincluded. Dalura melel I innoxio. Adenosll'lissp., andSidac'easp.. all from photos.Sileneitalicct, Skintntiajaponica. Asperula an'ensis, Sida spitto:;u,Solantnr nigrun subsp..schulte.sii,Luzrtlo forsteri, (ieranium " oxoniannt'G.C. Druce'?.lvledicagopol;morpha, lvledicagolacinialo and a teratologicalform of Lolium perenne. About forty specimenswere displayed. S.L.M.& A.M, KARLEY ROADSIDE COCHI-EARIA DANICA _ THE STORY CONTINUES... A mapwas presented showingthe invasionby ('ochleeriqdanicaof roadsides in Britain.With just two roadsidesightingsbefore1980,its subsequent spreadhasbeenastonishing29 new l0-km squaresduring1980-84.70 squares1985-89,and338 squares1990-94.By October1994it hadbeen reportedfrom roadsides in 439 lO-km squares across67 vice-counties Ofcourse,the spreadofthis (andother)coastalspecies hasbeengreatlyassisted by our addictionto carswhich,sincethe 1970shasled to an unprecedented upsurgein the construction of dual-carriageways and motorways. 7t Arnual Exhrbrtion Nleeting, 199.1 However,environmental concemsaresignalling the needfor an'about-turn'on transportpolicy, programme to be curtailed.It remainsto callsarebeingmadefor the road-building andincreasingly be seenwhethersuchchangeshal'emuchimpacton C. danica; certainlyat the momentit appears unstoppable,rampagingacrossBritain usingthe road network in muchthe sameway that Elodea usedthe canalsand Seneciosquolidusthe railways! S J .L E A C H A SYMPHYTUM (COMFREY) HYBRID NEW TO BRITATN v.c. 83 by Richard A comfreyfoundgrowingin roughgrassland at LibertonDams,IVlidlothian, Learmonthhasbeenidentifiedby the Dutch botanistProf. T W J. Gadellaand FranklynPerringas a hybnd - Symphytumaspenn, r S. caucasicum.It shareswith S. asperuma very shortcalyx (rare in Symphytum)and short non-decurrentstemleaves,and with S. caucasicuma calyx dividedlessthan 1/z the lengthofthe tube, leavesnot prickly/asperous and stemleavesnot decurrent.One anomalyis the flower colourwhichis purplishpink whereasboth the parentsareskyblue. R.W.C.LEARMONTH & F.H. PERRINC PHOTOGRAPHY IN LIEU OF SPECIMENS AS'HERBARIUM MATERIAL' Whereit is illegalor inappropriate consideration to collecta plantspecimen, shouldbe givento using photographyasvouchermaterial. While one can mount a colouredprint, it is now possibleto transferan imagedirectlyfrom a colouredphotographor slideto a herbariumsheet.In this way it is alsopossibleto includea closeup vlew. An exampleof direct transferof a colour imagefrom a slideis demonstrated alongwith an attachedlocalisedmagnifiedview showingdiagnosticdetails.It is alsopossibleto superimpose the localisedview as a'blown-up inset'andexamples ofsuch experimentation weredemonstrated. P- MACPT{ERSON TRIQUETRUM (THREE-CORNERED GARLIC): A REQUEST FOR INFORMATION 'White Often referredto in Cornwall asthe Bluebell' this is a plant of the West Mediterraneannow naturalised in greatabundance in someareasofthe county.Firstrecordedherein 1872.its favoured habitatis at the baseolCornish stonehedges by country lanesnot far from houses.Informationso far availableallowedthe displayofa map showingthe distributionofthe species on a tetradbasis throughComwall Devon and Somersetillustratingits decreasein frequencytowardsthe east.Its interestlies in its possiblecompetitionwilh H.vacinthoides non-scripto.The latter seemsto disappear whenAllium lritytetrum invadesthe hedge.Informationis soughtconcerningits spreadinto further its possiblepresence vice-counties, in woodlandandanyinstances whereit is seengrowingwith H. non-scripla.It will grow, to a limited extent,with the hybridH. non-scriptax H. hispantca. ALLIUM R J fI{URPHY HAMMARBYA PALUDOSA (BOG ORCHID): REFOUND IN CORNWALL Cornishrecordsfor Hammurbyapaludosa arevery few. The frrst authenticated find was madein l910, (Thurston& Vigurs,1922),and,it wasnot seenagainuntil 1967,(Margetts& David, 1981). /) Annual E\hibilion Meeting - 199.1 (S)U27). tsowithickand Repeated fbr the plantal thesepastsites,Inearthe Cheesewring searches Crowdy Marshes(S)Ul 8)]. havenot beensuccessful. lan Bennallick'srecordof 2l plantsmadeat RetireCommon(S)V0.6)in 1993is thereforeof considerable interest.The orchidsweregrowingon and aroundSphagtruntussocksamongsuchspeciesasl)rosero internedia. I). rotundifttlioNqr Ihaci unt ossyt'ragun andM.v nc'hospor a uIba. R.J MI.JRPHY PROGRESS TOWARDS A TETRAD ATLAS OF T'IIE CORNISH FLORA Detailedrecordingtowardsa TetradAtlasofthe CornishFlorahasbeencontinuingfor the past5 patternsof distribution- Armeriumarilima years.The mapson displayillustratedinteresting growinginlandon minewasteas well as on the coast.the greaterabundance of Anlhriscz.s.$/r'e.s/ri.! inWestCornwallandthelocalisation of lirico cllral.r Newfindsrvereondisplay [)at'n'lu'hrz<t incarnata subsp.pulchella now krown from 2 sitesin r'.c 2, (East Cornwall) andPolystrthum aculeatumon mineruins,alsoin v.c. 2. Thoughthe countycanboastof severalrareandinteresting ( photographs wereshorvn Junc'u.v lrifoliunr species. of someof The Lizard specialities lt.tgmoeus, hot't'onei.Trifolium.ttriL'lilm). the numberofspeciesperletradtendsto be low anda countofjust over 300 is deemedasgood. Someofthe conditrons that operateto producetheselow countswere illustrated,onebeingthe highproportionofmoorland. R.J.MURPHY GUERI{SEY BAILIWICK I994 Specimens wereshownvouchingimponantdiscoveries in the Bailiwickdurin-e the year.Guernsey. Aristolochia clenutilis, neu to CI; Molinio caerulea subsparailnncea, new to Cl; Ilanuncufus lingn,last noted in 18"19.Solanumcopstcasftum,new to CL Alderney. ('amponulaposcharskl'ana, in severalplaces,new to Cl; ('rinum , prnrellii,apparently established in dunesover 10years,new petiolatum,with seedlings, to Bailiwick; Oersnium r oxottionum,new islandrecord,Helic'hr.y'sum new to CI; I'hacelia tanaceti.folia.new islandrecord.Se/aginellahqussiana. new islandrecord. Sark. ('ras:.ralahelmsii, new islandrecord,l:uchsia , .firlgens,new to CL Brecqhou. Inlium x hurcheanum,new islandrecord;l)ol1'stichunrseltferunr,new islandrecord. B OZANNE CENTAUREA JACEA NOT YET EXTINC'T IN BRITAIN? ('entaurea.jacea is a Europeanknapweeddifferingftom(-. rttgtt mostobviouslyin its pale,scarious. mostlynon-pectinate In Britainit is a scarcecolonistofgrassland,chieflyin bractappendages. southernEngland,andtendsto hybridisewith ('. nigra whenevertheymeet.This leadsto the formationof hybridswarmsandthe eliminationof pure('..jacea,whichin consequence hasbecome rare;it is treatedasextrnctin Stace'sNeu./ora ol the Brittsh Is/es,thoughits hybridwith ('. ttigrtt. ('. , moncklonil.is included What appearsto be good C.jacea hasbeenknown since1978on the old railwayat Upton,v.c. 22, Berks(now in Oxon),growingsparinglywith frequent('. , motrcktotii.Specinrens wereshownof the presumed('. jacea and its hybrid Duringthe exhibition,howe,uer, wasmadethat a suggestion eventhis apparent('..jaceamightnot be the purespecies(thoughcloseto it). the matteris being investigated. R.C. PALMER Annual Exhibition Meetine - 199{ 76 BLUEBELL SIGNS ON BRITISH INNS WhereasThe Bell is one of the commonerinn namesBlue Bell or Bluebellaremuchlessfrequent:a preliminarvsurvevhaslocated40 that Blue Bell inns Thereis a stronglink betweenthe two namesandthe sun'evhasestablished andto haveboth is common. canhavebluebellinn signsandvice-versa, it The distributionof Blue Bell or Bluebellinnsis not random.Althouglrthe surveyis incomplete in the EastMidlandscountiesof Northamptonshire. seemsthereis a very largeconcentration with erlensionsto the Ponteftactareain West Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire andDerbyshire Yorkshirewhilsttherearenonein Sonrerset. Dorset.Oxfordsh.ire andthe Bristolarea Thereareoftenlocalclustersr.l'ithinnsin adjacent10kmsquares or morethanonein a square. whichcontains5 Blue Bell innsor The largestconcentration is in 53/1.0in the SokeofPeterborough the tavemsincludingoneat Helpstonenexl door to JohnClare'sbirthplacewhichdemonstrates classicconfusion- the signoutsideThe Blue Bell hasa bluebell on one sideanda bluebellon the other True BSBI innsarethosenamedBluebellandwith only bluebells on their signs,tbur havebeen identifiedso far. wasavailable for members to takeawav. A list of all innslocatedanda ouestionnaire F.H. PERRING PLANTLIFE 'BACK FROM THE BRINK' PROJECT _ SOME MAJOR SI]CCESSES IN I99,I Plantlife's'Backfrom the brink' projectaimsto conservesomeof Britain'srarestplantsby carrying Somemajorsuccesses in 1994were out ecologicalresearch andpracticalhabitatmanagement. carriedout by Plantlifevolunteers. Narrow-leavedCudweed(Filago gallica), an extinctnativeplant,was re-established in its last known sitein Essexusingthe originalgeneticmaterial. l{abitat management for StarvedWood-sedge(Carexdepauperota)hasresultedin four (possiblysix) in Surrev new seedlings Tw'o hundredplantsof Brown Galingale(('.r.'perus.fitscu.r) appearedin Surreyfollowing pond (lastseenin 1989). clearance (Thla.spiperfttliarum) andRoughMarsh-mallow(Althaeahirsuta) Both PerfoliatePenny-cress work hashelpedto maintaintheir sufferedin poor weatherin 1994,but management populations. Grey Mouse-ear(('erastiuntbrachypetalum).underthreatfiom the ChannelTunnelWaterloorail link, was surveyedandconsen'ation advicegivento UnionRailways. Work on theseandanotherl5 species will be continuedin 1995. T C G. RICH, J ALDER J KNIGHT AND A. lvfcVEIGH ET]ROPEAN ANNTIAL BUPI.EURUM SPECIES (TJMBELLIFERAE) Flora EuropaeaVol 2 gives2l annualBupleurumspecies, ofwhich l9 arenarrowleaved.Thereis considerable scopefor confusionamongthe 19,andincorrectdeterminations canbecomewidely whichhadbeenkeyedout, andchecked adopted.The exhibitorshowedspecimens of 15 species againsttexts.severaltimesover a periodofvears Althoughtwo species areBritishnativesandothersoccurhereascasuals, SE Europeis the most productiveregion,notablythe formerYugoslavia, may now practicallya no-goarea.Bupleurophiles of furtherspecies takecomfortfiom the plentifulexistence in Turkey. A n n u a l E r h i b i t i o nM c e t i n g 71 le9-{ 'l he exhibitconcludeda serieswhichhavebeendevotedto the largergeneraofEuropean (with the exceptionof Lryngium).It wouldbe useful1oknow whetherinterested umbelliferae membersmightpreferto seethemagainor go on to the smallergenera.Europehas55 rnonotvpic genera! M . J .S O U T H A M THE PROBLEM OF ROADSIDE VERGES BEING SEEDED AFTER ROADS ARE REMADE fiom the roadengineers. seedmerchantandDumfriesand The exhibitincludedcorrespondence for seedinenew roadsideverges. GallowayRegionalCouncilincludingthe latter'sseedspecification The new vergeswere surr''eyed andthe list of plantsshowedthat manyof the flowerswerealiento var sotit'u.t. the countyandincludednon-nativevarietiessuchas/-olr.scorniL'uldlus O.M, STEWART RECORDS OF SCARCE PLANTS SEEN IN V.C.73 IN 1994 Last year(inaphaliumsvlvaticumwasdown to a lew plantsat onesite.now thereis a healthv populationofoverl00plantsnearL.DeeLcluisetunt " litoraleiscommonbutthisisthefirsttime thatfertileheadshavebeenseen. HieraciunrvagenservasrefoundatTonglandlastrecordedtherein 1959 An exlensionof rangefor Hieracitttt drummotdtt when it u,astbund nearCarsphairn.A specimenof a viviparousform of l richopfutrumcesptb.\ilmwas shown. O,M. STEWART PLANT-LORE ON POSTCARDS holly The exhibitshoweda seriesof postcardswhichdepictedplant-lorethemesincludingChristmas well-dressing anda Bird's custardadvertisement inspiredby the children'spastimeofholdinga buttercupunderthe chinto seeifa plavmatelikesbutter notesaddingto our. asyet Commentswereinvitedandseveralpeoplecontributedinteresting somewhatpoor, knowledgeof the plant-loreof the BritishIsles. R. VICKERY GRASSES, SEDGES AND FERNS OF NORTH CYPRTIS 'rvork progress' A setof l2 line-drawings showing20 ofthesesubjectswaspresented as in by the author.who is preparinga companionvolumefor his Flora of North (llpru.s which appearedin spring.1994.Sedgesandfernsarerelativelyfew in the resioncovered.but grassspecies numberover (Walt ) 120.Two of those shown Sacchantm\pd,taneum L. andStenotoTthnrm .set'undalurn Kuntze- havenot beenpreviouslyrecordedin the literaturefor the island. D.E. VINEY CHR{NENA KR{JINNA OBLAST BILE IGRPATY - THE WHITE CARPATHIAN LANDSCAPE PROTECTION AREA. The WhiteCarpathians cover I |5.000haalongthe CzecLtSlovak border The r"holeareais of exceptional botanicalrichness. andis particularlvfbmousfor its orchidflora.Oneofthe most Annual E\hibition Mcetine - I99-l f-eatures is the survivalofover 4,000haofspecies-rich outstanding A largeblockof hay-meadows. meadowsis presentin the south-rvest ofthe area.whileto the north-east, they form partofa farnrlandmosaic.The WhiteCarpathians arealsoone of the lastrefugiafor someof Europe'sarable flora. The \VhiteCarpathians weredeclareda 'ProtectedLandscape Area' in 1980,someofthe most valuablesitesarereserves. andthe golernmenthasrecentlvintroducedpayments to support manasement of the ha1,-meadows Recentpoliticalandeconomicchanges threatenthe low-intensity agricultureofthe areahowever.andthe futuredependson the maintenance ofa healthyfarming economy.It is thereforeessential thattraditionalmethodsofland-management remainviable. P,J.WILSON.J-W.JONGEPIE&M, REED.I. JONGEPIEROVA The following exhibitswere alsoshown. Dr J Bailey& Ms L Child Unravelling (the hybrid the Britishdistributionol Fhllopia , bohemic'a betweenJapanese andGiantKnotweeds). Dr N R.Cowie Action plansfor rarerrascularplants Mr R.G.Ellis- The BSBI AlienPlantsStudvGroup Dr G Halliday- Variationin Solidogovirgaureo(Goldenrod) Mr S.L.N{Karlev The BritishPlantGall Societ-v. Dr A.Morton- DMAP for Windows rvithexamples from'liloro of )vlontgomenshire' Mr D.A.Pearman. Mr C.D.Preston. & \,[issA Stewart- The'ScarcePlantsAtlas'.JNCC-BSBI-IT Mrs O.Stewart Pagesfrom the proposedToraxacumHandbookandsomeof the originaldrawings. Mrs O.Stewart- Scarcespecies in Kirkcudbrightshire. Mrs O.Stewart Paintings of flowersseenin 1994. BSBI meetings1994. N{rs LWeston The AnnualGeneralNleeting.Oxfbrd. Ms L.L.Laxton The Uists,WesternIsles,Scotland. Variousmembers Recentpublications by BSBI members. Mrs M.Perring Botanicalbooksfrom Oundle. N4rsM.Briggs- The Hon. GeneralSecretary's miscellanv. Thc Edrtor Grrnn Ellis can bc contactcdb) phone on lll222-397951 c(. 2 l8 (NMW) or 01222-.1960.12 (home) Anicles can non bc Faxcd to thc Editor on 01222-239829 or 01222-173219 AII text and illustrations appearing in 1}.181Nar and its Supplements are cop! righr and no reproduction in any form mal be madc $ithoul nritten pemission from the Editor. Offers and special tcms appl\ onlv to membcrs of Ihe Socien and copics are not a\ ailable on an erchangc basis li,\81 lerrs (ISSN 0](D-910X) is publishedbr the Botanical Socicn.ofrhe Brirish tsles. Enquiries concerning thc Socict\'s aclivilies and membership should bc addresscdto: The Hon. General SccreL:rn. c/o Dept of Botan\ . The Natural Histon Museum. Crom$ell Road London SW7 5BD. Camera readl copy produced b1-Gwynn Ellis at the National Musum of Wales and Drinted by J. & P. Davison, 3 James Place, Treforesl, Pontr-pridd, Mid Glanorgan CF37 2BT (Tet. 0l{,13-{(t0585) Contentr (continred liom tnsidc hack cor..r t ANM IAI. I-.XI III]IIION MI:FTIN(}, 199-1 t continucd l IfuroJEan annual Itupl.ltntil slecies t I ]mbell:l-erae I I'hc problem ot roadsrdc lerges bclng seedcd atter r(Ecls arc renradc Rccords of searcc plants wen in r e li ur I 99-l I'lanl-lorc on lnsttu Ji (irasscs sctlges anii lcms of North ('r pms fhe \lhite Carpathian l.andscapc })rotrctroD Arq ()ther I:rhibirs '76 77 71 17 77 1',1 78 Contcnts Continued from back coler {l (.oNSI]RVN NON NI-,WS Nc$s lrom the Consenatton clomrttcc ,. AI,IF,NS . .. .'1/ia,J $ell rccelred Ahflr Rccords (ilories o1-ihe sno$ 1 *o utusul grdcn cscapcs in Kirkuudbrightslxrc Il\otic trccs in the lJritish llora . What name lbr the lrce fomato Nalrralised .\1e.sprlil.tSemtanica Iacl or I actold) Nes aoloreasler laxa in thc llora of Ilntain and Ircland Spicc plants near (;ravcscnd. W Kent NOTTCI-lS (BSlll) Instmcttons lbr Authors ,ti?6orid IliTlsonia - Volumc 2l . Part l- f cbruan 1996 Flora rccording $eekend Camarthmshire a thanhou Flov'ers and llot'erlole (NON BSBI) NOTICF,S National collection ofCampanula - (\En I)a\s Careers in thc L-nvlroment across EuolE liwolrem Sctencc fomdatioil nei\\orL in s\slcnldtlc btologr RJTSITAIiCIIANI) TI{AM:1. GI{AN fS I )rrnPcn.{. Ei-jrrrl. Pat Rrcnan nlcmorial tirnd 15 46 l6 1'/ l3 5(l 5l 5l ' Ol'l.LRS .l sample swt q o/ tha.llora ol Brirau and lreland: I lalt:pnce olTcr RIlQIltlSl S I arl\ (,)lour(J nhotoPranhs IfrlirmatIon reqrrrrcd-ott/:pllnbrrtil hnottt(t,,tt \ ,Rrrbrrsslrcctmcns from v c 59 'fttlsan (lltpeicun ondro.raaan ) in L-sser I orcign I'loras and held (iurdes i'igs in North Mrcllands and Northm Lngland .. C(n IRSI:S I a\onomv Princtplc. alt,l Plaeticcs Ilnrlronmcnt Cowses at the llnivcrsit\ ofBnstol l]nit of Vegctatton Scicnce. lincast{ ('ourses at Slapton Lca B{X)KN()f[S... It'.rtJorlid reuc\\s Ne\\s iiom otndle Ilooks Ilmks for I)ispsal 199.1 RFPOR] S OF I tEl.I) Ml.fl'flN(ls Corcctionr Ficld Mecting I.\1hm St nnncs 25 Junc I 99'l 1993 lRll.ANl) (lore\. Co Wc\tbrd (r c IIl2) IRLI.ANI) - 199J ( os Waterford & Werford 1r' cc I16 & IIl2) st()n AM) Ssaton ('lifl:s Angus (\'c. 90i WAl.l,S (]ildcn lrestival Srtc. Ilbbu Valc. (i\ent (1 c 35 ) Rrrbls recording uekend. Camarthen (\ c '1-l l l,ampctcr arca (\'cc 1'1 &'16) Rams\ Islmd. f'enbrokeshtre (r c. '15 l99l Ml.LlI}i(; ANNIIAL LXlilllilloN Somc jlntish and contincntal RrtSi compfcd Srrnc\ I 99'1-l 996 MisllclGLlSlll/l)lautlife I rcc Lletrilr A l.leu (North WalcsJ Misccllan\ 199-1 Someihnrg old. something De$- somclhrng bono$ed sorncthlng nc\\ Thc (' iptercs I'ro1c'ct, AIF-s-Manlrmcs IIclpl ... . the ston contit)ues Roadside (-oc,irlearr.r./drli(r A Srmnh'hnt (Comtie\ ) h\bnd neu to Bntam Photogriph\ in heu of .spiimens as llcrbanrun matcnal' (iarltc ) a rcquesl for lnfomlrtion . lllium tiqtetntn $hrcc<omered Ilammarbva paludosn (I'iog (hchid): Rclbund rn ('ontuall Progress tosards a I etrad Atlas ol lhc Comtsh Flora (iuenrscr IlailirricL l 99-l ('cillailrca jdacd rrot \e1 c\tlncl ln Ilrltaln ) Blucbell signs on llntlsir lnns some nlalor succcsscs ln I 9()'l t'lantlil'e Llack froru the bnnk ptojcct Continued on pagc 78 52 5l 5.1 55 5,i !5 55 55 i6 ,i6 ib 5(r 57 57 57 57 57 5lt 58 5ll 59 59 59 59 59 h(l b0 oll ()l) 62 h2 6l 63 6l 6l 6-l tJ5 65 65 )'o 1l '71 11 12 12 12 11 '11 7.1 7l 1.1 71 '71 75 75 15 16 Contcnts CONTENTS \DMNtS'fRA il()N O1.hccrsanclMembersofcormc|l'l995N|minatrorrs l)eadline fbr contnbutions for B\?/ \'or r 70 ('oMMl:Nt l)rcsentalion lo otrr Prtron Furopcan Contcr( ncc l}c hu.rdcnts Aurrd I)LARY . (iuidance to contnbutors 1o B,SB/ Jev.r Fll)IlORIAL I1()N (itrNT:R L SFCRITI ARY S NOI-|-S Conprrtuhtr,rns frhrhitron Mcclrne I na5 Conlcrence Mce lirpr Mem'h*rsh)p Sune\ ll oflirs of help Illpreec fR()l fi.1.s DAP Thc f'll [,lgrr Mrlnc-Rcdhea,l l)a\ rJ Flhstonn ll(n RI.(.I 'RDFRS N\I) RFCORJ)IN{: Amcndment no I lo l.ist of llsDl Vicc-counl\ Recorders rn &5'B/ I eqr Book I 995 \c\\ aDpolnlmeilts Amendnents to addresres pubhshed in I.ist ofRecordqs rn BSRI l ear llook 1995 nmcndmenl no I to Panel oflieferces and Specra)ists in B.SB1 l ear Book 1995 Rosatcae .. Trlracqc . . . Valcnalrltcae .\ l i c r , * nmendments to addresses pubhshed ln [.ist ofReferres rn ESBI Ieur Rook 1995 (,ramln€e to IJSBI I enr tsuk 1 995 Upd{tcs. Amcndmcnts & Corstions [.drtors. Compilcrs- Iudcrcrs n Jdr('\s rmcndrt)eIt. Ne\( nrla\ Rcrcordcrs ('onl'crcnce. I ancaslcr. 8th - I oth Scpl!-mber I 995 S( AR('f PI AN TS IN HruTAIN S c J r c c P l a n l sn l l a s . . Scarct I'lantr n llntatn N()IFS ANI) NRII('I FS Cmstal gravel as a source ofCocfi/eana danica on iniand roadsides Thc origin ol'Oanolrera btanns L *nsu stnclo A neu hrTnthesis lhEI on lhc A:rR . Rare Plants (iroup of the Ashmolean Natwai ILston Sarch of (Xfordshire Thc neu list of'Natronally Scar€ planls l-iftr 1--ncc ucll spmt Cars ofmistaken identrt\, or Hed€ra headachcs Sed collectrrrg rn Srchw Wild Clm (Salria wrbmca) \n chuch\ilds Grcr \\ ilios ll bolh l(rt JnJ 0o\1cr Thc Worcestcrshue i0tj ( luh I-nica galeopsifolia in Norfolk . .. Fen Neltlc (l.fica galcop.rfolia) in Berkshrre Ob*n'atrons on orchld polllnatron Populus nigru subsp 6elilltto,4, nmes md dates Watsonran vicc-counties ur l,ondon 2 I)ralcct planl nanrc\ Ilerbarium of D Dickrnson MPS (ll I 875-1902) Waming: Plants harc good and bad \ears tml cnglrsh-Name\ Fprplrrtrc xrdrnp Srirmorcs Takrng bramblcs to thc grarc flrc \\'ollcmr Prnc More \rrn(cr-ll()\rerrnF lloll\ J inrracan- rcrstt*.lussrruti N { I S 1 1F T 0 F S I R V F Y Mistlele srrrle\ | 99.1 tl6 A brir'i update nroie abundant on calcarious sils' Mrstlctc Mr\tlclc- in t o\cnln B(tlAM('.\l I n Ill\ Latrnus Rotanrcusr A reTnn on thc mcclng ar lJotaDicdl I anil Ilotanrcal pronuncialron Iilevm rough guldcs Continued on inside back covcr 2 2 2 .1 1 4 7 8 d 8 8 8 it t3 13 ll ll 1.1 t,{ t{ l.l l.l 1l l-l l5 IJ li l5 t5 Itr t6 t'l l'l 1'7 t8 2t) 20 22 2-I 26 ln :9 29 30 3l ll 32 33 35 l6 1"7 31i 39 l9 -19 40 4{) -1(| 4t .ll 4l .13
Similar documents
BSBI News No. 64
BSBIiEN/JNCCLiaison, and Recorder'sConferenceOrganiser,York Septemberl99l (and DAVID PEARMAN specialinterestin lVledicagol TheOld Rectory,FromeSt Quinton,DORCI{ESTER"DorsetDT2 0lil' MARY BRICTGS,Ho...
More information