Ege Üniversitesi Solar Energy Institute Ege University

Üniversitesi
SolarEge
Energy
Institute
Ege University
PHOTOVOLTAICS IN TURKEY
Prof. Dr. E. SIDDIK ICLI
7th April 2010, Franfurt
Franfurt,, GERMANY
NUMOV – German Near & Middle East Assoc.
Federal Ministry of Economics & Technology
Solar irradiation on the surface of the Earth:
4.1x1013 kcal (1.7x1014 kW)
Total Energy Consumption on Earth: 13 TW (1.3x1010 kW).
Portion of the solar irradiation: only 10-4
Solar irradiation at Outer Space: 1370 W/m2
On the surface of Earth: 0-1100 W/m2
Ege University
Solar Energy Institute
Founded in 1978
Graduate Education & Research on Renewable Energies-Technological
Applications.
Ege University Solar Energy Institute (SEI):
(http://eusolar.ege.edu.tr/)
• SEI was established in 1978 for graduate education and research on solar
energy and its applications containing two divisions named Energy and
Energy Technology.
• Along with the solar energy, the other renewable energy resources like
wind, biomass and geothermal, are being studied.
• Solar electricity researches in SEI are being conducted by two work
groups – PV Group and DSSC Group.
 PV group concentrates on the lamination of silicon solar cells,
design, utilization, testing and performance analysis of PV power
system in different topologies.
 DSSC group studies the development of organic dye-sensitized
solar cells.
10 Faculty Members, 6 PhDs,
36 Full-Time Research workers,
12 Administrative and tecchnical personnel
33 M.Sc. 61 PhD students Total: 94
National & International Project partners
•
RECENT PATENTS
•
Organic Dye Solar Cells, PCT, EP-03009232, 2003.
•
PERYLENE IMIDE/DIIMIDE BASED ORGANIC FIELD EFFECT
TRANSISTORS-OFETs AND A METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME”,
PCT/ IB2005/50997, 2005.
•
“Low Temperature Dye Attached Mesoporous TiO2-Dye Thin Films for
Photovoltaic Applications” PCT/IB2005/002502, 12 August, 2005.
•
NOVEL RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES FOR DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR
CELLS: C. Zafer, K. Ocakoglu, PCT/ IB2006/, November 2006
PROJECT SUPPORTS
• DPT-State Planning Organization: 2003-2006
DPT-State Planning Organization: 2007-2008
• TÜBİTAK (Scientific & Techical Research Council of Turkey)
Projects: TBAG, MAG, BAYG, BDP
• European Community Projects VI. Frame Program:
1- MOLYCELL–Molecular Orientation, Low band gap and new hYbrid
device concepts for the improvement of flexible organic solar CELLs;
2004-2006, 12 partners
2- OrgaPVNet-Coordination
Action towards stable and low-cost
organic solar cell technologies and their application; 2007-, 22
partners.
3 – ORGANISOLAR: European Science Foundation
Project: 2006-, 25 partners.
4 – ERASMUS-SOCRATES, Johannes Kepler Univ.,
Lİnz, Austria (Prof. S.N. Sariciftci).
• Project protocols with private Industrial Organizations
(TŞCF, Demirel-Enercon,Altema)
PHOTO VOLTAIC PRODUCTIONS:
RESEARCH INSTITUTES & COMPANIES in TURKEY *
UNIVERSITIES-RESEARCH UNSTITUTES:
1.
EGE University, Solar Energy Institute, IZMIR (Prof. Dr. Sıddık Icli)
2.
Middle East Technical Univ.-ANKARA (Prof. Dr. Rasit TURAN, Physics Dept.)
3.
Mugla University-MUGLA (Prof. Dr. Sener Oktik, Physics Dept.)
4.
Gazi University, ANKARA (Prof. Dr. Suleyman Ozcelik, Physics Dept.)
5.
Istanbul Technical Univ., Energy Insdtitute, ISTANBUL (Prof. Dr. Altug Sisman)
6.
TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Energy Institute, Gebze, KOCAELI,
Dr. Mustafa Tiris)
COMPANIES
1.
ANELTECH Co., ISTANBUL
2.
NUROL TECHNOLOGIES Co., ANKARA
3.
GIRASOLAR Ltd. Co., IZMIR
4.
DATA-TSP Ltd. Co., IZMIR
1. EGE University, Solar Energy Institute, IZMIR
(Prof. Dr. Sıddık Icli)
Production of Photovoltaic Panels by Lamination System
at Solar Energy Inst., Ege University -2006 (Izmir)
Cost Advantage
for Turkey: %30-35
Solar Energy Institute of Ege University
PhotoVoltaic Panels on the roof
Constructed PV Panels at
Parking Place of the Institute
OECD-International Energy Agency (IEA)
Photovoltaic Power Systems (PVPS) Agency
21 Members Countries, including Turkey (represented by Prof. S. Icli)
32. PVPS Excutive Committee Meeting - Wien, 27/10/2008
IEA-PVPS ANNUAL REPORTS:
12
34th Executive Committee Meeting
Anaheim, California,
29-30 Oct., 2009
NATIONAL PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY PLATFORMNPVTP
“ULUSAL FOTOVOLTAİK TEKNOLOJİ PLATFORMU - UFVTP”
Established in 2008
DIRECTOR: Prof. Dr. SIDDIK ICLI,
General Secretary: Res. Assist. Mr. METE CUBUKCU
Solar Energy Institute, Ege University
Lojmanlar Kampusu, 35100 Bornova İzmir, TURKEY
Phone: 02323886023-127, 02323884000-1241, Fax: 02323886027
www.trpvplatform.org
E-mail:info@trpvplatform.org
National PV Technology Platform (NPVTP):
• Ege University Solar Energy Institute (SEI) has initiated the
“Formation of National PV Technology Platform’’ project which
will lead to a platform with the participation of the universities
and the industrial companies, obtaining financial support from
TÜBİTAK (The Scientific & Technological Research Council of
Turkey).
• The aim of the project is defining effective PV technology
programs and setting the PV roadmap for Turkey.
• The platform has been commissioned to execute IEA-PVPS
(International Energy Agency-Photovoltaic Power Systems)
activities on behalf of Turkish Government.
NPVTP now operate with 46 members and
40 researchers
Members of NPVTP of Turkey
Universities & Resrach Institutes (13)
Bilkent University
•
Middle East Technical University
•
•
Ege University
•
Kocaeli University
•
Hacettepe University
•
Muğla University
•
Haliç University
•
TUBITAK-UME
•
Gebze Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü
•
Harran University
•
Pamukkale University
•
Özyeğin University
•
Gazi University
State Organizations (8)
•Ministery of Develeopment & Housing
•KOSGEB
•National Electricity Management of Ministery
•TEDAŞ-Electricity Distirbuion Co.
of Energy
•Ministery of Energy & Natural Sources
•TOKİ
•Gediz Elektric Incorporated Company
•TSE-Turkish Standarts Institute
Chambers of Industry and Commerce (2)
•Antalya Chamber of Industry & Commerce
•Ege Regional Chamber of Industry
Associations and Foundations (4)
•Turkish Young Businessman Association
•Güneş Enerjisi Sanayicileri ve Endüstri
(TÜGİAD)
Derneği
•Egean Industrialist & Businessman
Clean Energy Foundation (TEMEV)
Association (ESİAD)
16
Members of NPVTP of Turkey (Cont.)
Private Firms (19)
• AGS Energy & Systems. Co.
• Lodos Teknich
• Airfel Co.
• Mavisis Co.
• Aneltech Co.
• Motif Proje İnş. Ltd. Şti.
• Batıçim Energy Elektricity
Production Co.
• MTB Energy Ltd. Co.
• Enisolar Ltd. Co.
• Nurol Teknoloji Co.
• Envy Energy & Environment
Investments Co.
• Orbit Müh. Ltd. Co.
• GEO Ltd. Co.
• Turkish Bottel & Glass Factories
Co.
• Girasolar Ltd. Co.
• Vestel Dijital Co.
• İnci Car Battery Co.
Municipalities (1)
• Antalya City Municipality
Finance Institutions (1)
• Turkish Development Bank & Co.
17
NPVTP Web page: www.trpvplatform.org
The Objectives of NPVTP:
• Objective 1: Creating contact points in decision making bodies of
private/public/international research institutions and industry
organizations.
• Objective 2: Determining technical and non-technical handicaps arises
in PV power system applications and suggesting solutions.
• Objective 3: Pursuit financial support opportunities for starting
national or international PV technology partnerships.
• Objective 4: Defining the possible national and international R&D
and practice priorities on cost reduction of PV power systems.
• Objective 5: Collecting data on status of PV systems in Turkey.
• Objective 6: In situ testing and analyzing of selected PV power
systems installed in the country.
Some of work packages related to
OECD-IEA-PVPS activities:
Execution of membership and representation preparations of
OECD-IEA-PVPS.
 Attendance in Executive Committee (ExCo) meetings of
IEA-PVPS.
 Attendance in IEA-PVPS. “Task 1” meetings.
 Preparation of National Survey Report for Turkey as
required in IEA PVPS Task 1.
 Preparation of IEA PVPS Annual Report for Turkey.
•
• Create inventory of installed PV power systems in Turkey.
 Listing of public/private institutions related to PV power
systems and taking inventory of installed systems.
 Updating PVPS inventory quarterly by contacting
institutions
NPVTP, PV Road Map Meeting of Turkey: 2-3 Oct./2009 TUBITAKTÜSSİDE/GEBZE-Kocaeli
51 proposals created.
21
2. Middle East Technical University (METU) - ANKARA
(Prof. Dr. Rasit TURAN, Physics Dept.)
Si Crystal wafer production facilities at METU
METU-MEMS 4" and 6" Si wafer production by slicing of bulk product &
quality test facilities
Joint project in collaboration with NUROL Technologies Company to develope
a self technology produce Si wafers from “Ingot to Cells”.
23
3. Mugla University-MUGLA (Prof. Dr. Sener Oktik, Physics Dept.)
University, Rectoriate Building, (Total capacity in campus  100 kW)
Not yet production facilities, research laboratories under construction.
4. Gazi University, ANKARA (Prof. Dr. Suleyman Ozcelik, Physics Dept.)
Phone: + 90 312 202 1242, sozcelik@gaziedu.tr
Si % Thin Film Photo Voltaics, Research on production technologies
5. ISTANBUL Technical Univ., Energy Insdtitute, (Prof. Dr. Altug Sisman)
Renewable Energies Technology Group recently formed.; Aims on
Photo Voltaic Technologies, but not yet any project works.
İTÜ Enerji Enstitüsü, Ayazağa Kampüsü, 34469 Maslak İSTANBUL
Phone.+90 212 285 39 37 Fax.+90 212 285 38 84 e-posta: enerji@itu.edu.tr
6. TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Energy Institute, Gebze,
KOCAELI,
Dr. Mustafa Tiris)
Hydepark,  12 kW: in TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center,
GEBZE (near Istanbul)
COMPANIES:
1. Aneltech Co., Istanbul 25 kW
2. NUROL TECHNOLOGIES Co., ANKARA
Ceramics
Surface Treatment
Foundry
Phone: +90312 278 0278
info@nurolteknoloji.com www.nurolteknoloji.com
3. GIRASOLAR Ltd. Co., IZMIR
Ege Serbest Bölgesi, Gaziemir IZMIR, Phone, : 0232 - 251 19 90
PV-Wind Turbine–Oil Generatör Reactor, 18 kW
in a small isolated island og south east Aegean,Kızılada, Fethiye-Muğla
4. DATA-TSP Ltd. Co., IZMIR
Produce currently 4 ranges of photovoltaic solar panels :
- 200Wp , 210Wp, 220Wp, 230Wp
10006 Sok. No: 74 A.O.S.B Çigli IZMIR, 0090 232 328 00 96
Fax : 0090 232 376 84 14 info@datatsp.eu
GEO Ltd., İzmir 1 kW
BATIENERGY Co. –
Burdur 2 kW
1 kW, Kocaeli Üniversitesi. Assoc. Prof. Engin Ozdemir
Airfel Co., İstanbul, 10 Kw
2 kWp Street Lamps in Aegean Island-Gökçeada
NOVEL PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGIES
DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS – DSSC
Nano-”Molecular” Technology
Function of a Solar Cell Based On Organic Dyes
e
e
e
e
e
e
Tee
Ce
Oe
e
e
e
e
e
e
CB
S*/S+
3,7eV
ELEKTROLYTE
(I-/I3-)
4,2eV
EF
TiO2
V=Voc
PDI
e
4,85 eV
6,1eV
e
7,4eV e
VB
S/S+
e
Counter electrode
e
e
e
e
4,7eV
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
Re-load
h
PDI/PMI; Ered=-1.05 V, Eox=1.25 V, Band gap=2.3 V,
PDI; HOMO=5.9 eV, LUMO=3.6 eV (vs. Vacuum) TiO2;
LUMO=4.2 eV
2 points and 10 points hole DSSC module after the dye, constructed at EGE-Solar E. I..
 The difference between early module and last module is that using two points
hole and ten points hole. We use to two points hole to prevent holes opening
and electrolyte leakage and damage in the long term .
37
2007 DSSC PANEL
DSSC Module, 3%
DSSC Panel
Produce 25 W/m2
 This work presents that visible light soaking alone is not a dominant stress factor (use
light soaking 2,5 sun equivalent intensity).
 Separation between the effects of
the stresses of visible light soaking,
UV illumination and
thermal treatment
on long term stability is possible in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC).
 UV stability has been achieved by using MgI2 as additive to the electrolyte.
39
Best stability result (efficiency) achieved so far with thermal ageing at 60 and 85o C without light
soaking .The electrolyte in the 60o C test is based on dimethylpropyl imidazolium iodide
(DMPII), LiI, I2, TBP and pripionitrile. In the 85o C test the electrolyte also contained Mg I2 , in the
following compositions: 1.5 M hexylmethylimidazolium iodide (HMII), 0.12 M Mg I2 , 0,6 M TBP in
propionitrile (PN) solvent.
 Thermal stress appears on of the most critical factors determining the long term stability of nc-DSC and is
strongly related to the chemical composition of electrolyte solvents and additives.
 A minor decrease in performance of initially 5.5% solar efficient cells has been found after 2000 h at 600
C without light soaking; After 900 h ageing at 850 C a decrease of 30% in maximum power has been
observed; After 3400 h of combined thermal stress and continuous light soaking (450 C 1 Sun equivalent)
good stability with 15% decrease in maximum power can be demonstrated.
40
 The
developed large area
module has realized a panel
configuration (1190 mm x 840
mm ) consisting of an array of
16 cells (410mm x 140 mm).
They expect this will be the nextgeneration solar cell.
 A
developed
single
and
continuous
screen
printing
process to fabricate the electrode
elements such as the current
collecting grid, the insulating
layer the power generation layer
brings DSSC technology even
closer
to
commercial
applications.
Fig. 5. Exterior view of the module panel of DSSC
developed by Fujikura.
41
 Upscale DSSC size to commercial size,
their group was involved in developing a
commercial DSC panel, which could show
the industrial way and prospect.
 The DSSC panels that have 500 W power in
total were used in a primary power-station
and were tested in situ during running every
day. The performance of DSC panel has no
dramatic decrease in running during the
past 354 days (in case of no electrolyte leak
and damage)
Fig. 6. Picture of 500 W DSSC primary power-station.
42
Fig. 10. Photo of DSC module glass facade demonstrator as presented at the Fraunhofer booth during the 22nd European
Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Milano, Italy2007.(200 cm x 60 cm )
43
 One advantage of dye solar cell
(DSC)
modules
is
the
combination of photovoltaic(PV)
solar electricity with decorative
aspects.
 Their report on the recent
results achieved in the frame of
the German project ColorSol.
 The project focuses on the
application field of
buildingintegrated PVs ( facades, PVglazing, etc. ).
 Prototypes of glass facade
elements (70cm x 200cm) have
been developed which consist of
several serially inter connected
DSC modules each with a size of
30 cm x 30 cm.
Fig. 11. Photo of a semi-transparent, glass frit-sealed dye solar
module Mounted on an outdoor test stand at the Fraunhofer ISEGermany.
44
Fig. 13. Full size 2 x 32-cell proto type modules in roof station.
 Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) area low-cost alternative to photovoltaic
silicon and thin film cells on the basis of materials (bulk titania powder in
place of high purity semi conductors such as silicon) and process costs. 45
Semiconducting and Metallic Polymers Functional InkPlastic
Plastic Substrate for Organic based Solar Cells
AVUSTRALIA DYESOL and İNGİLTERE G24 INNOVATIONS
FİRMs
www.g24i.com
www.dyesol.com
Solar Car Güneş Arabası
2006
ADRESS: Ege Universlty, Lojmanlar Kampusu
Solar Energy Institute,35100 Bornova IZMIR
/ TURKIYE
Tel.: +90-232-388 60 23 -25 - 28
Fax: +90-232-388 60 27
http://eusolar.ege.edu.tr