The Bill of Rights

Transcription

The Bill of Rights

16-1 (06)
release dates: April 15-21
TM
TM
Distributed by Universal Press Syndicate
© 2006 The Mini Page Publishing Company Inc.
By BETTY DEBNAM
from The Mini Page by Betty Debnam © 2006 The Mini Page Publishing Company Inc.
The First 10 Amendments to the Constitution
The Bill of Rights
The 1963 March on
Washington for
equal rights, led by
Dr. Martin Luther
King Jr., is an
example of the
right to peaceably
assemble granted
by the First
Amendment.
This girl was
one of the
thousands of
marchers in
the Washington
march for
equal rights
in 1963.
photo courtesy National Archives
This is the eighth in a nine-part monthly
series. We thank the staff of the
National Archives and Lee Ann
Potter, director of education and
volunteer programs, for their help.
Independence Hall, NPS
George Mason of
Virginia was one of the
delegates who thought
that a bill of rights
should be included.
In 1776, Mason had
written the first bill of
rights for the Virginia state
constitution. Many other states copied
his ideas. Mason refused to sign the
U.S. Constitution because it did not
have a bill of rights.
James Madison of
Virginia realized that
a bill of rights had to
be added if the
Constitution was to
be accepted. Some
states had agreed to
sign only if this was done.
Madison was elected to serve as a
representative to the first Congress
under the new Constitution. He
presented 17 amendments to Congress.
These were cut down to 12.
Independence Hall, NPS
An amendment is a change or addition.
The first 10 amendments to the
Constitution are called the Bill of
Rights. They were added in 1791 to
limit the power of the national
government over the people.
There were several reasons why a
bill of rights was not part of the
original Constitution. Many of
the men who wrote the
Constitution felt that another
bill of rights was not needed
because these rights were already
protected by state constitutions.
Others felt that the
Constitution says that all
powers not given to the
government go to the people.
They thought that making a list of
people’s rights was not a good idea
because they might leave one out.
Gunston Hall Plantation
photo courtesy D.C. Public Library
On Oct. 2, 1789,
President George
Washington sent to the
states a copy of these
amendments for their
approval.
By Dec. 15, 1791,
enough states had approved 10 of the
amendments so that the Bill of Rights
went into effect.
The two amendments that were not
adopted dealt with the salary of the
members of Congress and a change in
the number of members allotted to
each state.
The First Amendment:
“Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the
free exercise thereof; or abridging the
freedom of speech, or of the press; or the
right of the people peaceably to assemble,
and to petition the government for a redress
of grievances.”
The First Amendment of the
Constitution is the best-known. In
fewer than 50 words, it sets down
many of our basic rights.
Please include all of the appropriate registered trademark symbols and copyright lines in any publication of The Mini Page®.
®
16-2 (06); release dates: April 15-21
Congress meets in Celebrating Bill of Rights Day, Dec. 15
New York City
The original
The first Congress met in Federal Hall in
New York City in 1789. According to the
Constitution, there were 26 senators and
65 representatives. Federal Hall is no
longer standing.
Bill of Rights Day
On Dec. 15, 1791, Virginia
became the 11th state to ratify, or
approve, the first 10 amendments
to the Constitution. They became
the law of the land.
One of the amendments that
failed to pass dealt with the
number of the members of the
House of Representatives in
Congress.
The other dealt with
congressional pay raises.
An amendment dealing with
raises was approved in 1992 by the
addition of the 27th Amendment to
the Constitution.
engrossed
copy of the
Bill of
Rights
hangs on
display
in the
National
Archives
Building in
Washington,
D.C. It is so
faded that
it is hard
to read.
Ever since the year 1941, the president
of the United States has issued a
proclamation, or official announcement,
that Dec. 15 is to be celebrated as Bill of
Rights Day.
Why New York City?
Mini Spy . . .
The Bill of Rights document
begins: “Congress of the United
States begun and held at the City of
New York on Wednesday, the fourth
of March, one thousand seven
hundred and eighty nine.”
What was Congress doing in
New York? New York City was
then the capital of the United
States. In 1790, Philadelphia became
the capital, and then Washington,
D.C., became the capital in 1800.
TM
Mini Spy and Basset Brown are writing a petition for healthier
school lunches. See if you can find: • man in the moon • peanut
• strawberry
• number 7
• exclamation
mark
• kite
• hourglass
• carrot
• ruler
• question
mark
• pencil
• fish
• sailboat
• arrow
When a citizen of one country
has taken steps to become a
citizen of another country, we
say he or she is “naturalized.”
Many new U.S. citizens are
naturalized on Bill of Rights Day
at the National Archives building
in Washington, D.C. The Bill of
Rights is on display along with
the Declaration of Independence
and the Constitution.
Brown
Basset ws
TRY ’N
The Ned’s
FIND
Houn
Words and names that remind us of the Bill of Rights are hidden in the
block below. Some words are hidden backward or diagonally, and
some letters are used twice. See if you can find: CONSTITUTION,
ASSEMBLE, AMENDMENTS, JURY, APPROVAL, DELEGATES, BILL
OF RIGHTS, GOVERNMENT, SPEECH, PRESS, POWERS, RELIGION,
GEORGE, MASON, JAMES, MADISON, PETITION, TRIALS.
TM
Bill of Rights
DO YOU KNOW
YOUR RIGHTS?
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®
TM
Go dot to dot and color.
Rookie Cookie’s Recipe
Grape-Strawberry Popsicles
You’ll need:
• 1 cup grape juice
• 1 (10-ounce) package frozen strawberries in syrup, thawed
• 2 tablespoons corn syrup
• 6 (3-ounce) paper cups
• 6 wooden Popsicle sticks
What to do:
1. Place the first three ingredients in a blender. Blend until
smooth.
2. Pour mixture evenly into paper cups. Cover each with plastic
wrap.
3. Place in freezer; 1 hour later, insert wooden sticks into the
center of each pop.
4. Place back in freezer until frozen.
5. Remove from freezer, peel off paper cups and enjoy!
Makes 6 Popsicles.
Meet Sara Paxton
The symbol of
justice is often
a blindfolded
female statue
holding scales
representing
fairness or
impartiality,
and a sword
representing
power.
Sara Paxton is the young actress starring
as a curious young mermaid who washes
ashore in the movie “Aquamarine.”
She started acting in TV commercials
when she was 6 years old and was in her first
movie at 8. Since then, she has had roles on
several TV shows and movies.
Currently, Sara plays the part of Darcy
Fields on the Discovery Kids’ TV show,
“Darcy’s Wild Life.” She made a guest
appearance on the series “The Lizzie McGuire
Show.” She has also played the voice of a witch in an episode of
“SpongeBob SquarePants.”
Sara, soon to be 17, was born in Woodland Hills, Calif. She is an
only child and speaks fluent Spanish. She looks forward to
graduating from high school this year.
Sara is also a singer. She is coming out with her first album,
called “Ups and Downs.”
A KID ’ S
G U I D E T O T HE
WHI T E HO U S E
Betty Debnam
Kids!
Kids!You're
You're
tothe
the
Invited
Invited to
White
White House
House
A Kid’s Guide to the White
House is a terrific behind-the-scenes
look at a very special house.
Written with the cooperation of the
White House Historical Association, the
book is full of fun information, photos
(some in full color) and puzzles that
kids of all ages will enjoy.
To order, send $9.95 plus $3.50 for postage and handling for each copy. Send check or money order (U.S.
funds only) payable to: Andrews McMeel Universal, P.O. Box 6814, Leawood, KS 66206.
Please send ________ copies of A Kid’s Guide to The White House (Item #2153-2) at $13.45 each, including
postage and handling. Toll free number 1-800-591-2097. www.smartwarehousing.com
Name: ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Address: ____________________________________________________________________________________________
City: ____________________________________________________________State: ______________ Zip: ____________
TM
All the following jokes have something in common. Can you
guess the common theme or category?
Alvin: What do you call a bad guy who
steals soap?
Amy: A dirty crook!
Avery: Why did the crook hold up the bakery?
Alice: He kneaded the dough!
Alan: What’s it called when a group
of crooks fall into the ocean?
April: A crime wave!
®
Mini Guide: The Bill of Rights
First Amendment
Second Amendment
Sixth Amendment
• Freedom of
religion means that
Congress cannot
pass a law setting up
a religion that everyone must follow.
You are free to worship as you please.
• Freedom of
speech means that
you are free to speak
out and give your
side of things. Others
are free to listen. However, there are
some limits. You can’t shout “fire” in
a crowded room when there is no fire.
• Freedom of the
press means that
members of the press
do not have to get what
they are planning to
print or say approved by the
government beforehand. They are
free to print what they wish as long
as it is not a deliberate lie.
• Guarantees the right
to bear (carry) arms
(weapons). Congress
cannot prevent people from
owning guns for their own
protection. However, states and local
governments can make laws about
who may own them.
Lists the rights
you have if you are
charged with a
crime. It guarantees:
• a speedy trial as soon as
possible after your arrest.
• a fair jury of citizens who live in
the same area where the crime was
supposedly committed.
• a report of exactly what crime
you are accused of.
• an opportunity to defend
yourself against any witness who
testifies against you.
• a lawyer to represent you, paid
for by the government if you are
unable to pay yourself.
• Freedom of
assembly means that
you are free to meet
peacefully.
• Freedom of
petition means
that you are free
to ask the
government to
correct things that you think are
wrong.
Site to see: The National Archives at
www.archives.gov
Look through your newspaper for stories
about people using rights guaranteed
them by the Bill of Rights.
Next week The Mini Page is all about
Poetry Month.
The Mini Page is created and edited by
Betty Debnam
Associate Editors
Tali Denton
Lucy Lien
Staff Artist
Wendy Daley
Third Amendment
• This
amendment stops
the government
from forcing
citizens to keep
soldiers in their homes. In
Colonial times, citizens were forced
to offer rooms to British soldiers.
Fourth Amendment
• Limits
searches and
seizures. This
amendment says
that before a police officer can enter
your home, he must have a warrant,
or legal paper from a judge, giving
permission for a search or arrest.
Fifth Amendment
Grants the
following rights:
• A person cannot
be brought to trial
for a serious crime until a grand
jury, made up of a group of citizens,
has studied the charges.
• If you have been tried for a
crime, the government cannot bring
you to trial again for the same crime.
• A person accused of a crime
cannot be forced to say anything
against himself (no self-incrimination).
• The government cannot take
away your life or property, or put you
in prison, without “due process of law.”
• If the government has a good
reason to take away your property
for public use, it must pay you a fair
price for that property.
Seventh Amendment
• Extends
your right to a
trial by jury in
civil cases
(those dealing with disagreements
between two people or people
and their governments). These
are not punishable by death.
Eighth Amendment
• The government
cannot demand a
person to pay bail or
fines that are too high
and unreasonable.
Also, punishment for a crime cannot
be cruel or unusual.
Ninth Amendment
• Entitles you to
rights not listed in
the Constitution.
10th Amendment
• Powers not given
to the U.S.
government are
reserved to the states
or to the people.
Read all about
the Bill of Rights
in
®
by Betty Debnam
Appearing in your
newspaper on ____________.
from The Mini Page by Betty Debnam
© 2006 The Mini Page Publishing Company Inc.
(Note to Editor: Above is cameraready, one column-by-41/4-inch ad
promoting Issue 16.)
release dates: April 15-21
16-5 (06)
from The Mini Page by Betty Debnam © 2006 The MIni Page Publishing Company Inc.
®
Standards Spotlight:
The Bill of Rights
Mini Page activities meet many state and national educational standards. Each
week we identify standards that relate to The Mini Page’s content and offer
activities that will help your students reach them.
This week’s standards:
• Students identify key ideals of the United States’ democratic republican form of government.
(Social Studies: Civic Ideals & Practices)
• Students identify examples of rights and responsibilities of citizens. (Social Studies: Civic Ideals
& Practices)
Activities:
1. Make a set of First Amendment trading cards. Write one of the five freedoms — speech, press,
assembly (meeting), petition (talking to the government), and religion on the back of a card. Write
a sentence telling why you think that freedom is important. On the front of the card, draw a
picture that shows that freedom.
2. Share the Bill of Rights with family members and friends. Ask each person to name the
amendment he/she thinks is most important. Ask that person to explain his/her choice. Share your
findings with your friends.
3. Which amendment in the Bill of Rights (a) lets you own a gun, (b) makes sure you can have an
attorney at a trial, (c) says that you don’t have to testify against yourself at a trial, and (d) says the
police can’t search your home without a good reason and without permission from a court.
4. Find newspaper stories that demonstrate each of these freedoms: (a) the right to a trial, (b) the
right to criticize a decision made by the government, and (c) the right to have an attorney. Explain
how each story shows one of our rights.
5. Select one of the freedoms or rights guaranteed in the Bill of Rights. Now imagine what life would
be like if citizens did not have that right. Write a story about your family living in a country
without that guaranteed right. Describe how life would be different. Describe how the government
would be different.
(standards by Dr. Sherrye D. Garrett, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi)
(Note to Editor: Above is the Standards for Issue 16.)
TM
Supersport: Elton Brand
Height: 6-8
Weight: 254
Birthdate: 3-11-79
Hometown: Peekskill, N.Y.
Elton Brand has huge hands. They’ll engulf those of most people.
What’s more impressive, however, is how the Los Angeles
Clippers standout uses those hands. With them, he snatches
rebounds and makes shots. And off the court, he simply lends
a big helping hand.
Brand, a former national college Player of the Year at Duke and the
No. 1 overall draft pick by the Chicago Bulls in 1999, is one of the NBA’s
most consistent players. He has averaged about 20 points and 10
rebounds in five-plus pro seasons. Twice he has been selected to play in
the All-Star game.
As of mid-March this year, the Brand was branding opponents like
never before. He was averaging 25.5 points and 10.1 rebounds per game.
Off the court, Brand is a teddy bear. He provides for hundreds of kids
to attend Clippers games. Through his foundation he also supports
worthy projects in Chicago, Peekskill, N.Y., and Durham, N.C. This big
man with big hands has a big heart.
(Note to Editor: Above is copy block for Page 3, Issue 16, to be
used in place of ad if desired.)

The Bill of Rights

Transcription

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