The National Early Recovery and

Transcription

1
State of Palestine
The National Early
Recovery and
Reconstruction Plan
for Gaza
International
Conference in Support
of the Reconstruction
of Gaza
Cairo,
Arab Republic of Egypt
October 2014
3
Maida› Mohammad Aslan, 45 Days, Central Gaza (Died
of earlier injuries suffered after the army bombarded her
family home).
Mohammad ar-Roumy, Rafah (died at an Egyptian Hospital)
Ahmad Mohammad Atiyya al-Masri, 17, Deir al-Balah
Amani Abed al-Bakara, 35, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Mohammad Atiyya al-Masri, 14, Deir al-Balah.
Anwar Mustafa Za’anin, 17, Gaza.
Saqer Abdullah Reehan, 25, Northern Gaza.
Ehsan Hussein Kaware’, 24, Khan Younis.
Moath Azzam Abu Zeid, 37, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Nidal Badran, 34, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Tareq Ziad Abdullah, 25, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Abdul-Hakim Suleiman al-Masdar, 65, al-Maghazi,
Central Gaza.
Moath Akram al-Masdar, 19, al-Maghazi, Central Gaza.
Aaya Nour ash-Sha’er, 13, Rafah.
Ibrahim Zoheir ad-Dawawsa, 10, Northern Gaza.
Mahmoud Mohammad Abu Haddaf, Khan Younis.
Suleiman Samir Abu Haddaf, Khan Younis.
Mahmoud Khaled Abu Haddaf., Khan Younis.
Ahmad Na’im ‘Okal, 22, Rafah.
Mohammad Jom’a Najjar, 32, Khan Younis. (Died Of His
Wounds At al-Maqassed Hospital in Jerusalem)
Nida Raed ‹Oleywa, 12, Gaza (Died Of Earlier Injuries)
Sha›ban Suleiman ad-Dahdouh, 24, Gaza. (Died on July 21,
remains located under rubble)
Dia’ ed-Deen Mohammad al-Madhoun, 23, Gaza.
Ahmad Banat, 22, Gaza.
Hamada Khalil al-Qaaq, Beit Lahia.
Ahmad Khaled al-Qaaq, Beit Lahia.
Suleiman Mohammad Ma’rouf, Beit Lahia.
Zaher al-Andah, Beit Lahia.
Abdul-Nasser al-Ajjoury, Beit Lahia.
Abdul-Hai Salama al-Qreinawi, 45, Gaza.
Mohammad Sabri Atallah, 21, Gaza.
Raghd Mas’oud, 7, Rafah.
Daniel Abdullah Abu Mansour, 44, Jabalia (Northern Gaza)
Abdul-Nasser Ajjouri, Jabalia. (Northern Gaza)
Ashraf Mashal, 25, Rafah.
Fadi Madhi, 23, Rafah.
Aseel Mohammad al-Bakri, 8, (Shati’ Refugee camp)
Northern Gaza.
Saher Talal Abu Mohsen, 23, Rafah.
Aseel Saleh Hussein Abu Mohsen, 18, Rafah.
Ebtisam Hammad al-Mahmoum, 18, Rafah.
Hiba Mustafa al-Mahmoum, 7, Rafah.
Obada Mustafa al-Mahmoud, 3, Rafah.
Abdullah Hussein Mousa Mubarak, 50, Northern Gaza.
Mahmoud Zaki Lahham, 25, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Abdul-Halim Mohammad al-Astal, 26, Khan Younis.
Walid Darabiyyah, Northern Gaza.
Amro Mohjez, Northern Gaza.
Mohammad Saleh Shemaly, 60, Gaza.
Mohammad Fawzi Bhar, 22, Gaza.
Mohammad Hosni Sukkar, 20, Gaza.
Mohammad Amjad Awida’, age 12, Rafah.
Amal Amjad Awida’, age 5, Rafah.
Karam Mahrous Dahir, 24, Rafah.
Ibrahim al-Masharawi, 30, Gaza City.
Ebtisam al-Bakri, 38, Gaza City.
Mahmoud Zaki al-Laham, 25, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Abdel-Halim Mohammad al-Astal, 26, Khan Younis.
Fayez Ismail Abu Hamad, 34, Khan Younis.
Saleh Ahmad al-Ghouti, 22, Rafah
Fares Abu Jazar, 2, Rafah.
Maria Abu Jazar, 2, (Twins) Rafah.
Amani Abu Jazar, 23, Rafah.
Issa Sha’er, Rafah.
Saed Mahmoud al-Lahwani, Rafah.
Hatem Abdul-Rahman Wahdan, 50, Jabalia.
Seniora Wahdan, 27, Jabalia.
Jamila Jamal Wahdan, Jabalia.
Mohammad al-Hour, 30, Rafah.
Nasrallah al-Masry, Rafah.
Mohammad Ismael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Wael Ismael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Ismael Mohammad al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Ismael Wael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Khadra Khaled al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Asma’ Ismael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Malak Wael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Mustafa Wael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Hanadi Ismael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
‘Atwa Suleiman Khattab, 64, Rafah.
Remas ‘Atwa al-›Attar (Khattab), Rafah.
Mohammad ‘Atwa Khattab, Rafah.
Suleiman ‘Atwa Khattab, Rafah
Nevin Suleiman Khattab, Rafah
Amira Ahmad Khattab
Rajab Abdul-Rahman Sharafi, 10, Jabalia
Mahmoud Abdullah Sharafi, 26, Jabalia
Najah Rajab Sharafi, 48, Jabalia
Turkiyya Mahmoud ‘Okal, 60, Rafah
Elham Mohammad Mahmoud ‘Okal, 34, Rafah
Mahmoud As’ad Mohammad ‘Okal, 18, Rafah
Mahmoud Mohammad Na’im ‘Okal, 10, Rafah
‹Ahed Badran, Northern Gaza.
Mohammad Abu Rajal, UN School, Rafah.
Sami Abdullah Qishta›, UN School, Rafah.
Sami Ismael Abu Shaouf, UN School, Rafah.
Ahmad Khaled Abu Harba›, UN School, Rafah.
Mohammad Mosa›ed Qishta›, UN School, Rafah.
Hazem Abdel-Baset Hilal, UN School, Rafah.
Amr Tariq Abu al-Rous, UN School, Rafah.
Ahmad Kamal al-Nahhal, UN School, Rafah.
Yousef Akram Skafi, UN School, Rafah.
Tareq Sa›id Abu al-Rous, UN School, Rafah.
Abdul-Karim Najm, northern Gaza.
Bilal Abdul-Karim Najm (son of Abdel-Karim) , northern Gaza.
Ahmad Abd‫ع‬l-Karim Najm (son of Abdel-Karim) ,
northern Gaza.
Raghd Najm, northern Gaza.
Soha Najm, northern Gaza.
Shimaa› Wael Qassim, northern Gaza.
Rowan Ahmed Majdalawi, 7 years old, northern Gaza.
Mohammad Ahmad Majdalawi, 6 years old, northern Gaza.
Ras Hadi Majdalawi , northern Gaza.
Mahmoud Abdel-Hadi Majdalawi , northern Gaza.
Abdullah Majdalawi, northern Gaza.
Khalil Mohammad Ramadan Abu Daba›a, 42, Rafah.
Munir Abu Daba›a, Rafah.
Qassim Mahmoud Qassim, 40, northern Gaza.
Mohammad Sa›dy Ahmad, 37, northern Gaza.
Ahmad Qassem, Beit Lahia.
Qassem Qassem, Beit Lahia.
Basil Walid at-Tala›a, 23, Nusseirat.
Abdullah Soheil Abu Shawish, 24, Nusseirat.
Haitham Yasser Abdel Wahab, 16, Rafah.
Mohamed Issa Ashaar, Rafah.
Hossam Yassin Abu Naqira, 20, Rafah.
Mousa Yasin Abu Naqira, his brother, Rafah.
Ola Bassam Al-Nairab, Rafah.
Arwa Mohamed al-Nairab, Rafah.
Fida Yousef Abu Suleiman, 23, Rafah.
Mariam Hasan Abu Jazzar, 60, Rafah.
Maha Raed Abu Suleiman, Rafah.
Mohammad Rami Abu Suleiman, Rafah.
Ahmad Rami Abu Suleiman, Rafah.
Lama Rami Abu Suleiman, Rafah.
Jana Rami Abu Suleiman, Rafah.
Mohammad Fouad Al-Dedda, 28, Jabalia.
Issa Saadi Ashaar, 40, Khan Younis.
Yasser Yousef Abu Dbagh, 20, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Amro Tareq Hasan Qandil, 17, Central Gaza
Wael Nihad Sayyed, 23, Central Gaza
Mohammad Taiseer Hasan Qandil, 20, Central Gaza.
Hamdi Mohammad Abdul-Aziz Ayyad, Gaza.
Shadi Hamdi Mohammad Ayyad, Gaza.
Sadia Abu Taha, 40 , Rafah.
Mohammed Abu Taha, 27, Rafah.
Youssef Abu Taha, Rafah.
Rezeq Abu Taha, two months, Rafah.
Yousef Daoud Abu Madi, 65, Nusseirat.
Hassan Yousef Abu Madi, Nusseirat.
Karim Yousef Abu Madi 24, Nusseirat.
Amin Yousef Abu Madi, 5, Nusseirat.
Muhammad Hassan Qeshta, Rafah.
Ahmed Shtewi Qeshta, Rafah.
Yahya al-Nems, Rafah.
Hazem al-Nems , Rafah.
Mohammad al-Nems, Rafah.
Osama Abu Nakirah, Rafah.
Mousa Mohammad Ahmad Abu Rajila, 25, Rafah.
Salma Suleiman Mohammad Radwan, 86, Rafah.
Ibrahim Abdel-Hakim Daoud al-Zaqzouq, 22, Rafah.
Mohammad Foaz Ibrahim Abu Rajilah, 26, Rafah.
Hazim Khaled Abdel-Maadi Awda›, Rafah.
Hathifa Abu Teir, Gaza City.
Nabil al-Najjar, Gaza City.
Kamal Abu Teir, Gaza City.
Ahmad Abu Teir, Gaza City.
Yahya Jamal Musa Shabat, 29, Gaza City.
Abdul-Malek Abdul-Salam al-Farra, 58, Khan Younis.
Osama Abdul-Malek al-Farra, 34, Khan Younis.
Emad Abdul-Hafeth al-Farra, 28, Khan Younis.
Awatef Ezzeddin al-Farra, 29, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Mahmoud al-Farra, 12, Khan Younis.
Lojein Bassem al-Farra, 4, Khan Younis.
Yara Abdul-Salam al-Farra, 8, Khan Younis.
Nadine Mahmoud al-Farra, Khan Younis.
Abdullah Awad al-Breem, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Suleiman al-Breem, Khan Younis.
Maisoun Ra’fat al-Breem, Khan Younis.
Raed Abdul-Latif al-Qarra, Khan Younis.
Sami Suleiman al-Madani, Khan Younis.
Husam Suleiman al-Madani, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Salim Abdin, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Ahmad Hamad, Khan Younis.
Mousa Hamad Abu ‘Amran, Khan Younis.
Hilal Eid Abu ‘Amran, Khan Younis.
Ismael Zuheir Mohammadein, 26, Khan Younis.
Maher Ja’far Hajjaj, 54, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Mohammad Hassanein, Gaza.
Basil Diab al-Basyouni.
Shadi Mohammad Jom’a Abu Daher, 29, Khan Younis.
Hasan Abdul-Majid al-Bayyoumi, Deir al-Balah.
Mohammad Reziq Hassanein, 20, Shuja›eyya, Gaza.
Ibrahim Sulayman Al-Masri, 50 yrs, Rafah.
Nadia Yousef Al-Masri, 45 years, Rafah.
Ibrahim Al-Masri, 6 years, Rafah.
Mohamed Anas Arafat, 4 months, Rafah.
Anas Ibrahim Hamad, 5 years, Rafah.
Sabri Shaykh Al-Eid, 35 years, Rafah.
Mohammed Khalid Al-Aloul, 30 years, Rafah.
Ibrahim Mostafa Ghaneem, Rafah.
Amna Azamaly, Rafah.
Yahya Abd Al-Karim Lafi, Rafah.
Musa Mohamed Abu Omran, Rafah.
Hilal Eid Abu Omran, Rafah.
Salama Mohamed Al-Zamaly, Rafah.
Nuha Jamal Abu Ziyada, Rafah.
Taiseer Ali Moamir› , Rafah.
Hussein Salaam Al-Jaafari, Rafah.
Yousra Mohamed Abu Hazir, Rafah.
Ataf Hamad Al-Mahmoum, Rafah.
Mousa Ibrahim Abu Hazir, Rafah.
Ahmed Wisam Al-Abeed, 4 years, Central Gaza.
Souad Ali Al-Bahri, 60 years, Beit Lahia.
Samal Nail Al-Barawi, 8 months, Beit Lahia.
Osama Abdul-Malik Abu Mualla, 37 years, Nuseirat
Atif Sohail Kandil 24 years, Maghazi
Nihad Mohammed Yasin 24 years, Gaza City
Faiz Tareq Yassin 16 years, Gaza City
Hassan Ismail Yassin, 32 years old, Gaza City.
Ambulance officer Atef Zamili, Rafah.
pathologist Joseph Jameen Sheikh Eid, Rafah.
ambulance volunteer Yousef Jaber Drabiah, Rafah
Wajih Sha›ath, Khan Younis.
Fadi Al-Qawasmi , Khan Younis.
Ali Barbakh , Khan Younis.
Aseel Sha’ban Gheith, 3, Rafah.
Sufian Farouq Gheith, 35, Rafah.
Farouq Gheith, 65, Rafah.
Ahlam No’man Zo’rob, 18, Rafah.
Sabiha Zo’rob, 55, Rafah.
Amir Ra’fat Zo’rob, 7, Rafah.
Odai Ra’fat Zo’rob, 7, Rafah.
Rawan Nath’at Siyam, 12, Rafah.
Su’ad No’man Zo’rob, 34, Rafat.
Shahd Ra’fat Zo’rob, 10, Rafah.
Khaled Ra’fat Zo’rob, 8, Rafah.
Suleiman Baraka, 31, Gaza.
Aref Baraka, 58, Gaza.
Ahmed al-Loah, 22, Gaza.
Baraa› Yousef, 19. Gaza.
Maha Abdul-Nabi Salim Abu Hilal, Rafah.
Majdi Mohammad Ahmad Fseifis, 34, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Juma’ an-Najjar, 32, Khan Younis.
Hani Abdullah Abu Mustafa, Khan Younis.
Hanan Yusef Abu T›aima, Khan Younis.
Mahar an-Najjar, Khan Younis.
Mahmoud Fouad an-Najjar, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Daher, Gaza.
Fadel Nader Almeghari, 27, Rafah.
Mahdiyya Suleiman Omar Abu Louly, 58, Khan Younis.
Tha›er Naji al-Amour, 22, Khan Younis.
Mohammed Yousef Al-Abadla, 21, Khan Younis.
Abdullah abu Shabab 20, Khan Younis.
Alaa› ‹Alweh 22, Khan Younis.
Ahmed Salim Abdin , Khan Younis.
Mohamed Ahmed Hamad, Khan Younis.
Atiyyeh Salameh al-Hashash, 68, Rafah.
Hamza Fa›ek Ahmad al-Haddad, 20, , eastern Gaza City.
Ibrahim Asa›ad Ahmad al-Haddad, 21, eastern Gaza City.
Mohammad Ammar Sharaf, 10, Gaza City.
Mohammed Ra›fat Na›eem, Gaza Old City.
Husam Ra’fat Na›eem, Gaza Old City.
Kamal Abdul-karim al-Louh, 32, Deir al-Bala.
Ibrahim Abdul-karim al-Louh, 29, Deir al-Bala.
Khaled Nasr al-Louh, 46, Deir al-Bala.
Amaal Abdul-karim al-Masri, 48, Deir al-Bala.
Ilham Yahya al-Louh, 27, Deir al-Bala.
Samih Kamal Abu al-Kheir, 63, Khan Younis.
Othman Fawzi ‘Abdeen, 17, Khan Younis.
Siham al-Ham, Khan Younis, Nusseirat.
Mohammad Adel Ashour, Nusseirat.
Renad Ashraf Ashour, Nusseirat.
Abeer Nahed al-‘Ata, Nusseirat.
Naima Darwish Abu Shouq, Nusseirat.
Zaher Tawfiq Abu Maktoum, Nusseirat.
Ama’ Rafat al-‘Asa, Nusseirat.
Hasan Nassr Zaqqout, Nusseirat.
Labibeh Abu Shouqa, 23, Nusseirat.
Ahmad Mohammad Yassin al-Majayda, Khan Younis.
Ali Mahmoud al-Astal, 23, Khan Younis.
Khaled Salim al-Astal, 26, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Salim al-Astal, 26, Khan Younis.
Ramzi Ibrahim al-Astal, 21, Khan Younis.
Odah Ahmad al-Astal, 25, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Mahmoud Suleiman al-Astal, 26, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Ibrahim Ali al-Astal, Khan Younis.
Khalil Ibrahim Ali al-Astal, Khan Younis.
Ezzedddin Jabr Mohammad al-Astal, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Mahmoud al-Astal, Khan Younis
Mohammad Abdul-Sattar al-Abadla, 21, Khan Younis.
Fahd Mahmoud Jaber al-Agha, 23, Khan Younis.
Asma’ Abu al-Kaas, 16, al-Boreij, Central Gaza.
Walid Shihda Marzouq Moammar, 51, Rafah.
Sojoud Abdul-Hakim Oleyyan, 11, Gaza.
Issam Jaber al-Khatib, Jabalia.
Sa’id Abu Jalala, Jabalia.
Taiseer Hammad, Jabalia.
Lu’ay al-Feery, Jabalia.
Bassem Khaled Najjar, Jabalia.
Tha’er Khaled Najjar, Jabalia.
Osama Mohammad Sohweil, Jabalia.
Bilal Midhat al-‘Amoudi, Jabalia.
Abdullah Midhat al-‘Amoudi, Jabalia.
Mohammad Mousa Ghaban, Jabalia.
Ramadan Khader Salman, Jabalia.
Alaa› Khader Salman, Jabalia.
Ali Ahmad Shaheen, Jabalia.
Rami Barakat, Jabalia.
Adel Mohammad Abu Qamar Jabalia.
Mohammad Ezzat Abu Sweireh, 34, Central District.
Hussein Mohammad Abu Rezeq, 36, Rafah.
‹Aed Zaqqout, Gaza City (coach of Palestine National
Football Team)
Abdul-Aziz Hosni Abu Hajras, 23, Khan Younis.
Omar Awad al-Breem, Khan Younis.
Kamal Ahmad Al-Breem, 57, Khan Younis.
Jihad Salah Mohammed al-Breem, 28, Khan Younis.
Mariam Ahmad Hejazi, Khan Younis.
Salah Hejazi, Khan Younis.
Sabha Ibrahim Hejazi, Khan Younis.
Ibrahim Mousa al-Ghalban, Khan Younis.
Ismael Mahmoud al-Ghalban, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Suleiman Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Marwa Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Marah Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Yasser Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Suleiman Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Mona Hajjaj Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Jihad Salah Mohammad Al-Breem, 25, Khan Younis.
Zeinab Abu Jazar, Khan Younis.
Maisara Mohammad at-Ta’ban, 35, Deir al-Balah.
Iftikhar Mohammad Shahin (Abu Zrei’ey) 50.
Odai Yahia Zaki Abu Jneid, 19, Beit Lahia.
Abdul-Jalil Mohammad Kamel Abu Shodoq, 35, Beit Lahia.
Jamal Shihda Abu Shodoq, 40, Beit Lahia.
Jamalat Mahmoud Dheir, Khan Younis.
Salama Mahmoud Dheir, Khan Younis.
Mahmoud Salama Mahmoud Dheir, Khan Younis.
Yamen Omar Salama Mahmoud Dheir, Khan Younis.
Shorouq Mahmoud Dheir, Khan Younis.
Arwa Mahmoud Dheir, Khan Younis.
Ramadan Mohammad Abu Jazar, Khan Younis.
Ali Ahmad Shahin, Gaza.
Taiseer Sababa, 22, Beit Lahia.
Ammar Suleiman Ali al-Masdar, 31, Gaza.
Hamza Yasser Mohammad Mheisin, 23, Gaza.
Wisam Dardouna, Beit Lahia.
Anwar ‘Adel Abu Nasr, 20, Khan Younis.
Ismael Walid Abu Nasr, 18. Khan Younis.
Ahmad Khalil Abu ‘Anza, 32, Khan Younis.
Shadi Abdullah Abu ‘Anza, 38, Khan Younis.
Ali Mahmoud Abu ‘Anza, 27, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Abdullah Abu ‘Anza, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Suleiman Baraka, Khan Younis.
Mustafa Ahmad Abu Jalala, Beit Lahia.
Husam Mohammad an-Najjar, northern Gaza
Sha›aban Abdul-aziz al-Jamal, northern Gaza
Alaa› Joudy Khader, northern Gaza
Mohammed Mazen Moussa Foda, Sheja’eyya
Ahmad Abdulkarim Hannoun , Sheja’eyya
Saadi Saadi Faraj , Sheja’eyya
Hussein Saeed Kar›re›ra , Sheja’eyya
Hamdi Sadi Abu Zour , Sheja’eyya
Abdulkarim Hussein El-Selk , Sheja’eyya
Aahed Ziad Al Gharabli , Sheja’eyya
Abdulaziz Ibrahim El-Beltagy , Sheja’eyya
Lena Ala›a El-Selk , Sheja’eyya
Abdulaziz Mohammed El-Selk , Sheja’eyya
Abdel Halim Mohammed El-Selk , Sheja’eyya
Moataz Bassam Deeb , Sheja’eyya
Mahmoud Mohamed Ragab , Sheja’eyya
Moaaz Khaled Tayeh , Sheja’eyya
Malak Jalal El-Selk , Sheja’eyya
Amina Mohammed El-Selk , Sheja’eyya
Layan Nael El-Selk, Sheja’eyya
Abdullah Fayez Fayad 23, Gaza City
Suhaib Salleh Salama 23, Gaza City
Ibrahim Yusuf al-Astal 35, Gaza City
Aassem Ahmed Baraka 25, Khan Younis.
Mayar Jamal Abu musbeh, 9 yrs, Deir al-Balah
Mohammad Tayseer Abu Hazaa›, 25, Deir al-Balah
Naji Ahmad al-Raqqab, 19, Khan Younis.
Ramy Khaled al-Raqqab, 35, Khan Younis.
Mahmoud Osama al-Qosas, Khan Younis.
Shadi Abd al-Kareem Farwana, Khan Younis.
Mustafa Abd al-Samiee al-Ubadala, Khan Younis.
Yahiya Mohammad Abdullah al-Aqqad, 49, Khan Younis.
Yusef Emad Qaddoura, child, Jabalia.
Huna Emad Qaddoura, child, Jabalia.
Mohammad Musa Alwan, child, Jabalia.
Mariam Khalil Ruba, 70, Jabalia.
Hani Abu Khalifa, Jabalia.
Soheila al-›Ejel, 70, Gaza City.
Mo›nes Ahmad, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Ezzat Dheir, 23, Rafah.
Turkeyya Dheir, 80, Rafah.
Yasmeen Dheir, 25, Rafah.
Mary Dheir, 12, Rafah.
Tasneem Dheir, 8, Rafah.
Soheil Hasan Nassar, Beit Lahia.
Anis Abu Shammala, Al-Boreij (Mayor).
Ayman Samir Qeshta, 30, Rafah.
Ismael Shahin, 27, Rafah.
Baha’ ed-Deen al-Gharib, Rafah.
Ola Baha’ ed-Deen al-Gharib, Rafah.
Tahrir Nasr Jaber, 15, Northern Gaza.
Mohammad Ata Najjar, 2, Khan Younis.
Rafif Ata Najjar, 3, Khan Younis.
Baha› ed-Deen Khatib, (Journalist), Rafah.
‹Ola Baha› ed-Deen Khatib, Rafah.
Waddah Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Suleiman Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Mohammed Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Marwa Ahmad Abu Amer , Khan Younis.
Marah Ahmad Abu Amer , Khan Younis.
Yasser Ahmad Abu Amer , Khan Younis.
Moha Hajjaj Abu Amer , Khan Younis.
Mos›ab Ahmad Sweih, 17, Gaza.
Nariman Khalil al-Agha, 39, Gaza.
Ali Mohammad Abu Ma›rouf, 23, Gaza.
Dr. Bashir al-Hajjar, northern Gaza.
Samir al-Hajjar, northern Gaza.
Hana’ Na’im Balata, Jabalia.
Doa’ Na’im Balata, Jabalia.
Esra’ Na’im Balata, Jabalia.
Mariam Na’im Balata, Jabalia.
Yahia Na’im Balata, Jabalia.
Sahar Motawe’ Balata, Jabalia.
Naim Nathmi, Jabalia.
Zaher Ahmad Najjar, 6, Khan Younis
Suleiman Mos›ad Barham al-Hishash, 30, Rafah.
Jamal Ramadan Lafi, 50, Rafah.
Karam Abu Zeid, 1.
Samih Jebriel Jneid, 4, Jabalia.
Mohammad Abu Louz, 22, Jabalia.
Ahmad Abdullah Hasan Abu Zeid, Rafah.
Widad Ahmad Salama Abu Zeid, Rafah.
Sham›a Wael Abu Zeid, Rafah.
Mariam Marzouq Abu Zeid, Rafah.
Falasteen Mohammad Abu Zeid, Rafah.
Abdullah Nidal Abu Zeid (child), Rafah.
Bissan Eyad Abu Zeid, Rafah.
Abdul-Hadi Abu Zeid (Child9, Rafah.
Seham Najjar, 42, Khan Younis.
Abdul-Samad Mahmoud Ahmad Ramadan, 16, Central District.
Ayman Adnan Mousa Shaker, 25, Central District.
Issa Kamel Abdul-Rahman Mousa, 61, Central District.
Salem Mousa Badawi al-Far, 59, Central District.
Ramzi Hussein Ahmad al-Far, Central District.
Salem Mohammad al-Far, Central District.
Azza Abdul-Karim Abdul-Rahman Al-Faleet, 59, Central District.
Mohammad Jom’a Shaat, 30, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Fadel al-‘Agha, 30, Khan Younis.
Marwa Nader al-Agha, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Nader Al-Agha, Khan Younis.
Donia Nader al-Agha, 13, Khan Younis.
Ikram ash-Shinbari, 23, Gaza City, died of earlier injuries.
Yusef Jamil Sobhi Hammouda, 16, Gaza City, died of
earlier injuries.
Ibrahim Khalil ad-Derawi, 27, central District.
Ala Nahedh Matar, 26, central District.
Hazem Fayez Abu Shammala, 33, central District
Issam Abdul-Karim Abu Sa’ada, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Abu Sweirej, 23, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Mohammad Abu Haroun, 29, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Fadi Baraka, Gaza, child, died of earlier injuries.
Baha’ ed-Deen Ahmad Sa’id, al-Maghazi, died of earlier injuries.
Yousef Abed Shehada al-Masri, 24, Shuja›eyya, Gaza.
Khaled Abdul-Sattar Samhoud, Khan Younis.
Jalila Faraj Ayyad, Gaza City.
Essam Ibrahim Abu Shab 42.
Mohammad Siyam, 15, Rafah.
Hussein Hasan Abu an-Naja, 65, Khan Younis.
Imad Jami al-Abed al-Bardaweel, 44, Gaza.
Husam Abdul-Ghani Yassin, 17, Gaza.
Ismael Abdul-Qader al-Kojok, 54, Gaza.
Mohammad Said Hosni as-Saqqa, 20, Gaza.
Islam Ibrahim an-Naji, 19. Gaza.
Mohammad Ahmad Matar al-Abadla, 32, Gaza.
Yosra Salem Hasan al-Breem, 56, Gaza.
Mohammad Khalil Mohammad al-Breem, Gaza.
Ibrahim Salman Qabalan, 34.
Mohammad Ahmad Abu Wadia, 19, Gaza.
Abdullah ‘Ayesh Salam Ermeilat, 39, Deir al-Balah.
Eman Hasan ar-Roqab, Khan Younis.
Bara› Mahmoud ar-Roqab, 11, Khan Younis.
Khalil Mohammad an-Najjar, 59, Khan Younis.
Jona an-Najjar, Khan Younis.
Ekhlas Najjar, Khan Younis.
Amna an-Najjar, Khan Younis.
Majed Sameer an-Najjar, 19, Khan Younis.
Ghalia Mohammed an-Najjar, 56, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Khaled Mohammad an-Najjar,14, Khan Younis.
Eman Salah Mahmoud an-Najjar, 23, Khan Younis.
Sumayya Harb Yousef an-Najjar, 50, Khan Younis.
Kifah Samir Hasan an-Najjar 23, Khan Younis.
Rawan Khaled Mohammad an-Najjar, 17, Khan Younis.
Husam Hussein an-Najjar, 7, Khan Younis.
Samir Hussein an-Najjar, 2, Khan Younis.
Moa’taz Hussein Samir an-Najjar, 6, Khan Younis.
Ulfat Hussein Samir an-Najjar, 4, Khan Younis.
Ikhlas Sameer Hussein Abu Shahla, 30, Khan Younis.
Amir Hammoudeh Khaled Abu Shahla, 3, Khan Younis.
Amira Hammoudeh Khaled Abu Shahla, 1, Khan Younis.
Islam Hammoudeh Abu Shahla, 4, Khan Younis.
Bassam Khaled Abu Shahla, 44, Khan Younis.
Riham Fayez al-Breem, 19
Fadel At-Tawaneh, Gaza City.
Arafat Salem Abu Oweily, 27, Central District.
Abdul-Rahman Ouda at-Tilbani, Central District.
Nidal Ahmad ‹Issa Abu al-›Asal, 27, Rafah.
Salim Salaam Abu ath-Thoum, 87, Rafah.
Naim Abdul Aziz Abu Zaher, 36, Deir al-Balah
Abdul-Hamid Mohammad Abdul-Hamid Al-Maghrabi, 31.
Abdul-Majeed Abdullah Abdul-Majeed al-A’ady, 36.
Hamad Mohammad Ala Sheikh Salim, 30.
Mohammad Rafiq Said al-Ayeer, 30.
‘Amro Abdul-Hakim as-Sheikh Khalil, 25.
Shadi Kamal Ramadan Yassin, 22.
Mohammad Issam Deeb Abu Dalfa, 25.
Walid Said Nassr al-Ijlah, 7.
Osama Issam Fawzi ‘Azzam, 23.
Abdullah Ibrahim Abdullah Abu Leila, 51.
Sami Fathi al-Ar-‘Eir, 49. .
Fathi Sami Fathi al-Ar-‘Eir, 20.
Abdul-Karim Ali Abu Shanab, 40, Deir al-Balah.
Aziza ‘Atiyeh Mohammad Abu Shanab, 77, Deir al-Balah.
Ahmad Walid Nasrallah Samour, Khan Younis.
Hasan Abdullah Mustafa al-Athanna, 59.
Hasan Zaki Hasan at-Tahrawy, 23.
Omar Ismail Ali Quz’aat, 18. .
Rami Faisal Matar as-Shishi, 31. .
Mohammad Abdul Hamid.
Ghassan Yousef Salem Abu Dabakh, Central District .
Khadra Ibrahim Salman Abu Bleimy, 55 .
Nour Mohammad Salameh Abu Dbagh, 13.
Ahmad Ramzi Mohammad Abu Qadoos, 13.
Maisara Anwar Suleiman dar-Azzeen, 6.
Mohammad Anwar Suleiman dar-Azzeen, 13.
Mohammad Abdul-Hamid Mohammad Shaat, 29.
Raja’ Hamad Mohammad ad-Daghme, 36.
Sami Abdullah Ahmad Judeh, 18.
Husam Abdul-Atif Raady, 42.
Mohammad Ibrahim Sobhi al-Arheir, 30.
Wala’ Mohammad Ali al-Qayedh, 15.
Isam Mohammad Saleh Shamaly, 29.
Mohammad Abdul-Nassar Ali Abu Zeina, 20.
Mosab Salah al-Aab Abu al-A’ata, 20.
Ibrahim Aish Abed Abu Ghneimah, 27.
Ismail Aish Abed Abu Ghneimah, 24.
Mohammad Ahmad Khaled Hassouneh, Rafah.
Mazin Adnan Salman Abdin, 25, Khan Younis.
Salah Eshtewy Ibrahim Adbin, 42, Khan Younis.
Mohammed Salameh Mohammed Abu Khousa, 75, northern
Gaza (body pulled from rubble).
Salman Mohammed Ahmed Sama›na, 30, northern Gaza
(body pulled from rubble).
Do›a› Sani Ibrahim Sama›na, 11, northern Gaza (body
pulled from rubble).
Mohammed Sa›id Sha›ban Baba, 40, northern Gaza (body
Ikram Ahmed Tawfiq al-Shanbari, 23, Beit Hanoun (body
Sami Fathi Ahmed al-›Ar›ir, 50, Gaza City (body pulled
from rubble).
Mohammed Rafiq Sa›id al-›Ar›ir, 30, Gaza City (body pulled
from rubble).
Hassan Fathi Ahmad al-›Ar›ir, 39, Gaza City (body pulled
from rubble).
‹Abdul Karim Fathi Ahmed al-›Ar›ir, 34, Gaza City (body
Fathi Sami Fathi al-›Ar›ir, 20, Gaza City (body pulled
from rubble).
Khaled Yousef Mohammed Badwan, 48, Gaza City (body
Azmi Khaled Yousef Badwan, 16, Gaza City (body pulled
from rubble).
‹Abdul Rahman Ziad Hassan Abu Hain, 28, Sheja›eyya (body
Mohammed ‹Essam Dib Abu Balta, 28, Sheja›eyya (body
Mahmoud Ra›ed Mahmoud al-›Eish, 23, Sheja›eyya (body
Fadi ‹Abdul Qader ‹Abdul Malek Habib, 31, Sheja›eyya (body
Farid Abdul-Khader Abdul-Malik Habib, 38, Sheja›eyya (body
Adham Majed Yousef Dhaher, 18, Sheja›eyya (body pulled
from rubble).
Mohammad Mahmoud Rajab Hajjaj, 32, Sheja›eyya (body
Mohammad Ahmed Kamel Abu al-›Ata, 32, Sheja›eyya (body
Mohammad Mahmoud Sa›id Abu al-›Ata, 28, Sheja›eyya
Mohammed Riad Sha›ban Shabet, 25, at-Tuffah.
Hisham Abdul-Karim Ahmad Abu Mour, Rafah.
Mohammad Ibrahim Ahmad az-Zweidi, 30, Beit Lahia.
Ala› Maher Juma› Tamtish, 19, Beit Lahia.
Abdul-Jawad Ali Abul-Jawad Al-Houm.
Ehab Sa›dy Mohammad Nassr, 22.
Mohammad Abdullah Hussein al-Jawajri.
Wisam Sofyan Omar al-Kilani, 27.
A›ed Mahmoud Ahmad al-Bura›i, 29, medic, Beit Hanoun.
Munther Talal Abdul-Karim Nassar, 33, northern Gaza.
Tamer Talal Abdul-Karim Nassar, 24.
Ala› Abdul-Rahman Mohammad Nassar, 25, northern Gaza.
Taher Ismail Abdul-Rahman Nassar, 18, northern Gaza.
Sharif Rafiq Mohammad al-Hamdin, 26, Gaza City.
Ala› Khaled Najib al-Yaziji, 21, Gaza City.
Jihad Mahmoud Hamed al-Hilu, 59, Sheja›eyya (body
Siham ‹Ata al-Hilu, 57, Sheja›eyya(body pulled from rubble).
Mohammad Jihad Mahmoud al-Hilu, 29, Sheja›eyya (body
Tahreer Jihad Mahmoud al-Hilu, 20, Sheja›eyya(body
Najiya Jihad Mahmoud al-Hilu, 15, Sheja›eyya (body pulled
from rubble).
Ahmad Jihad Mahmoud al-Hilu, 27, Sheja›eyya (body
Hidaya Talal al-Hilu, 25, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Maram Ahmad Jihad al-Hilu, 2, Sheja›eyya (body pulled
from rubble).
Abdul-Kareem Ahmad Jihad al-Hilu, 1, Sheja›eyya (body
Karam Ahmad Jihad al-Hilu, 5 months, Sheja›eyya (body
Ayman Anwar Salem Burai›em 39, central Gaza (died of
earlier wounds)
Suleiman Zaki ‹Abdul Mawla al-Dardissi, 27, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Shawqi Mohammad Sa›ada, 37, Khan Younis.(body
Mohammed Ibrahim Hamdan Abu T›aima, 25, Khan Younis.
Ra›ed Khalil Hamdan Abu T›aima, 33, Khan Younis.(body
Mamdouh Mallahi Suleiman Abu Naja, 24, Khan Younis.(body
Ayman Akram Ismail al-Ghalban, 22, Khan Younis.(body
Jihad Naji Abu ‹Aamer, 22, Khan Younis.(body pulled
from rubble).
Rabah Rashed Mosallam Fayad, 40, Khan Younis.(body
Fadi Mahmoud Sa›d al-Masri, 22, Khan Younis.(body pulled
from rubble).
Eyad Yousef al-Sadi, 24, Khan Younis.(body pulled
from rubble).
Salem Mustafa al-Hadhidi, 18, Khan Younis.(body pulled
from rubble).
Wassim Nasser ‹Abdu Shurrab, 22, Khan Younis.(body
‹Ali Mohammed ‹Ali al-Astal, 32, Khan Younis.(body pulled
from rubble).
Fawzi Ahmad Abu Amsha, 67.
Na›ma Mohammad Hussein Abu Amsha, 64.
Wassim Salah Abu Riziq Al-Masri.
Saed Munir Shida Abu Khater, 19.
Amar Mustafa Rashid Hamdouna, 22.
Tariq Mohammad Moehsin al-Ajrami, 25.
Hamza Mazin Khalil Madhi, 23.
Ismail Younis Abdullah Khalla, 21.
Abdul-Rahman Yusef Ahmad Saadat, 24.
Khaled Abdullah Mahmoud Adwan, 30.
Osama Mohammad Nassr al-Kafarneh, 50.
Khaled ‹Ata Mohammad Abu Shehadeh, 23.
Hani ‹Adel Mohammad Abu Hashish, 23.
Mohammad Ahmad Abu Dawabe›, 19.
Mohammad Ali Khalil Saidam, 17.
Ibrahim Mohammad Awad Barak, 19.
Bilal Bassam Salem al-Masri, 21.
Anwar Abdul-Khader Hasan Younis, 2.
Arafat Salem Ahmad Abu Oweily, 27.
Mohammad Fayez Sha›ban al-Sharif, 23.
Mahmoud al-Sharif, 24, Central District
Hossam Mohammad Suleiman Abu Ghneifi, 18.
Ghassan Taher Suleiman Abu Kamil, 25.
Ismail Abdul-Jawad Ismail Abu Sa›ada, 26.
Mahmoud Riyadh Abdul-Khader Miq›dad, 22.
Mazin Yusef Suleiman Abu Joerban, 31.
Shaker Ahmad Shaker al-Jamal, 46.
Faisal Fa›eq al-At-Toame, 31.
Hazem Yusef Abdul-Rahman al-Moebid, 34.
Abdullah Nabil Abdul-Khader al-Batsh, 21.
Sharif Jalal Hasan al-Karshali, 27.
Mohammad Arafat Saleh Khalil al-Ghamare, 33.
Abdul-Raziq Shoeban Abed Ommar, 27.
Amjad Nahedh Ala› al-Sarefy, 22.
Adham Majed Yousef Daher, 18.
Hamza Hassan Mahmoud Halas, 25.
Ahmad Mousa Ahmad Ahl, 75.
Mohammad Hussein Hasan al-Nasri.
Mahmoud Husam Mohammad Mansour, 22.
Mosab Mustafa Rajeb Ali, 20.
Mo›amin Mustafa Mahmoud al-Kasha.
Eyas Ahmad Mohammad Abu Ouda, 28.
Nidal Khaled Mohammad Khalil, 20.
Nader Majdi Abdul-Rahman Qassim, 30.
Eman Ibrahim Suleiman al-Ghandour.
Salmad Hamad Salmad al-Amour, 32.
Rifat Nabil Ramadan Oweida, 27.
Ashraf Qassim Mansour Wafi, 25.
Baha Rafiq Oweida, 36.
Ahmad Barham Oleiman Abu Daqqa
Taysir Mohammad Aish an-Najjar
Maram Rajeh Fayyad, 26, Deir al-Balah
Shaima’ Hussein Abdul-Qadder Qannan (pregnant), 23, Gaza.
Abdul-Hadi Salah Abu Hasanen, 9, Rafah.
Hadi Salah ed-Deen Abu Hassanen, 12. Rafah.
Salah Ahmad Hassanen, 45, Rafah.
Abdul-Aziz Salah Ahmad Hassanen, 15, Rafah.
Abdul-Hadi Salam Ahmad Abu Hassanein, 9.Rafah.
Mohammad Ibrahim al-Khatib, 27, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Samir Najjar, 25, Khan Younis.
Rasmiyya Salama, 24, Khan Younis.
Suleiman ash-Shawwaf, 21, Khan Younis.
Rasha Abed-Rabbo ‘Affana, 28, northern Gaza.
Ali Mohammad Ali Asfour, 58, Khan Younis.
Eid Mohammad Abu Qteifan, 23, Deir al-Balah.
Eyad Nassr Sharab, 24, Khan Younis.
Najat Ibrahim Hamdan an-Najjar, 42, Khan Younis
Sharif Mohammad Salim Abu Hasan, 25, Khan Younis
Mohammad Khalil Hamad, 18, Khan Younis.
Mandouh Ibrahim ash-Shawaf, 25, Khan Younis.
Walid Sa’id al-Harazin, 5, Gaza
Tareq Ismail Ahmad Zahd, 22, Meghraqa, Central District
Salama Abu Kamil, 26. Meghraqa, Central District
Ahmad Mahdi Abu Zour, 25, Gaza
Naji Bassem Abu Ammouna, 25, Gaza
Imad Adnan Mohammad Abu Kamil, 20, Al-Meghraqa
Tamer Bassam Mohammad Abu Kamil, 19, Al-Meghraqa.
Mohammad Yassin Siyam, 29, Zeitoun - Gaza
Rami Mohammad Yassin, 24, Zeitoun, Gaza
Osama Salim Shaheen, 27, Khan Younis.
Hamada Suleiman Abu Younis, 25.
Mohammad Kamel an-Naqa, 34, Khan Younis.
Kamaal Kamel an-Naqa, 35, Khan Younis.
Yousef Kamal Mohammed al-Wasify, 26, Gaza City.
Mazin Abdeen, 23, Rafah.
Adnan Shahid Ashteiwi Abdeen, 35, Rafah.
Mohammad Abdel Nasser Abu Zina, 24, al-Zaitoun.
Abdul Majeed al-Eidi, 35, al-Zaitoun.
Mohammad Ahmed Abu Wadiya, 19, Gaza City.
Hani ‹Adel Abu Hassanein, 24, Gaza City.
Yassin Mustafa al-Astal, 38, Khan Younis.
Yosra Salem Hasan al-Breem, 65, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Issa Khaled Hajji, 24, Gaza City.
Hasan Hussein al-Howwari, 39, Gaza City.
Hosam Rabhi, Gaza City.
Hamed al-Bora›ey, a medic, Beit Hanoun.
Mohammad Matar al-›Abadla, 32, medic, Khuza›a,
Khan Younis.
Husam Mohammad Najjar, Beit Lahia.
Sha’ban Abdul-Aziz al-Jamal, Beit Lahia.
Mohammad Wisam Dardouna, Beit Lahia.
Ala’ Joudy Khader, Beit Lahia.
Ahmad Rif’at Ar-Roqab, 23, Khan Younis.
Salman Salman al-Breem, 27, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Hasan Abdul-Qader al-Astal, 43, Khan Younis.
Ismael Mohammad al-Astal, 48, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Mohammad Ismael al-Astal, 20, Khan Younis.
Mahmoud Mohammad Ismael al-Astal, 19.
Mohammad Saleh Mohammad al-Astal, 18.
Malak Amin Ahmad al-Astal, 24, Khan Younis.
Tha’er Omran Khamis al-Astal, 30.
Milad Omran al-Astal, 29, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Omran Khamis al-Astal, 33, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Thaer Omran al-Astal, 33, Khan Younis.
Amin Thaer Omran al-Astal, 3 Khan Younis.
Nada Thaer Omran al-Astal, 5, Khan Younis.
Yazid Sa’dy Mustafa al-Batsh, 23, Gaza.
Ibrahim Abdullah Abu Aita, 67, Jabalia.
Ahmad Ibrahim Abdullah Abu Aita, 30, Jabalia.
Jamila Salim Abu Aita, 55, Jabalia.
Adham Ahmad Abu Aita, 4, Jabalia.
Mohammad Ibrahim Abu Aita, 32, Jabalia.
Khalil Nasser Aita Wishah, 21, Central District.
Ahmad Ibrahim Sa’ad al-Qar’an, 26, Central District.
Hadi Abdul-Hamid Abdul-Fatah Abdul Nabi, 3, Jabalia
Abdul-Hadi Abdul-Hamid Abdul Nabi, 2, Jabalia.
Abdul-Rahman Mahmoud Abdul-Fatah Abdul Nabi, 1, Jabalia.
Yahia Ibrahim Abu ‹Arbaid, Beit Hanoun
Mohammad Suleiman an-Najjar, Khuza›a, Khan Younis.
Bilal Zayad ‹Alwan, 20, Jabalia
Majed Mahmoud Mohammad Hamid, 28, Jabalia.
Mohammed Ibrahim Abu Daqqa, 42, Khuza›a, Khan Younis
Akram Ibrahim Abu Daqqa, 50, Khuza›a, Khan Younis.
Salameh al-Rade›a, toddler, northern Gaza.
Ismail Hassan Abu Rjeila, 75, Khan Younis.
Nafeth Suleiman Qdeih, 45, Khan Younis.
Nabil Shehda Qdeih, 45, Khan Younis.
Baker an-Najjar, 13, Khan Younis.
Shadi Yusef an-Najjar, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Ahmad Najjar, Khan Younis.
Anwar Ahmad Najjar, Khan Younis.
Anwar Ahmad Abu Daqqa, Khan Younis.
Sami Mousa Abu Daqqa, Khan Younis.
Adli Khalil Abu Daqqa,Khan Younis.
‘Atef Kamal Mahmoud Abu Daqqa, 54, Khan Younis.
Shoeban Moussa Abu Hiya, 64, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Abdul-Karim Ahmad Hasan, Khan Younis
‘Ola Abu Aida, 27, Zahra - Khan Younis.
Mohammad Ismael Khader, Zahra – Khan Younis.
Anas Akram Skafi, 18, Shujaeyya - Gaza.
Sa’ad Akram Skafi, 18 (twin brother) Shujaeyya - Gaza.
Mohammad Jihad Matar, Beit Hanoun
Hanan Jihad Matar, Beit Hanoun.
Tamam Mohammad Hamad, Beit Hanoun
Khader Khalil al-Louh, 50, Atatra, Northern Gaza
Rasmi Mousa Abu Reeda, Khan Younis
Mohammad Radi Mahmoud Abu Reeda, 22, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Abu Yousef, Khan Younis
Ahmad Qdeih, Khan Younis
Rami Qdeih, Khan Younis
Badr Hatem Qdeih, 13, Khuza’a, Khan Younis.
Anas Hatem Suleiman Qdeih, 7, Khuza’a, Khan Younis.
Hanafi Mahmoud Abu Yousef, 42, Khuza’a, Khan Younis.
Abdel Aziz Nour El Din Noor, 21, Sheja’eyya.
Amir Adel Khamis Siam 12, Rafah.
Issam Faisal Siam, 24, Rafah.
Mahmoud Silmy Salim Abu Rowaished, 49, Rafah.
Ahmed Abu Jm›ean Hji›er 19, Al-Bureij.
Amer Abdul-Raouf Mohamed El Azab, 26, Deir al-Balah.
Thaer Ahed Owda Shamaly, 17, Sheja’eyya.
Mohammed Yousef Mansoub Al-Qadi, 19. (had been in
Egyptian hospital)
Yasmin Ahmed Abu Moor, 27(had been in Egyptian hospital)
Mohammad Suleiman Nimr ‘Oqal, 34
Mohammed Rateb Abu Jazr, 25, Khan Younis.
Hisham Mohammad Farhan Abu Jazr, 23, Khan Younis.
Mohammed Farhan Abu Jazr, 48, Khan Younis.
Shadi Suleiman Kawar›e, 31, Khan Younis.
Ra›ed Abu Owda 17, UN School, Beit Hanoun.
Ashraf Ibrahim Hasan Najjar, 13, Khan Younis
Mahmoud Jihad Awad Abdin, 12, Khan Younis
Ahmad Talal Najjar, Khan Younis
Mohammad Samir Abdul-Al an-Najjar, 25, Khan Younis
Mahmoud Abdo an-Najjar, Khan Younis.
Sana’ Hasan Ali al-Astal, Khan Younis
Nabil Mahmoud Mohammad al-Astal, 12, Khan Younis
Ashraf Mahmoud Mohammad al-Astal, Khan Younis
Mahmoud Suleiman al-Astal, 17, Khan Younis
Laila Ibrahim Zo’rob, 40, Rafah
Mahmoud As’ad Ghaban, 24, Beit Lahia
Ibrahim Jihad Abu Laban, 27, Zeitoun - Gaza
Ibrahim Sheikh Omar, 36 months, Gaza
Hasan Abu Hayyin, 70, Shejaeyya, Gaza.
Abdul-Rahman Abu Hayyin, 26, Sheja’eyya, Gaza.
Osama Bahjat Rajab, 34, Beit Lahia.
Mohammad Daoud Hammouda, 33, Beit Lahia.
Hamza Ziyada Abu ‘Anza, 18, Khan Younis.
Saddam Ibrahim Abu Assi, 23, Khan Younis, was seriously
injured Tuesday, died Wednesday.
Wisam ‘Ala Najjar, 17, Khan Younis
Mohammad Mansour al-Bashiti, 8, Khan Younis.
Ali Mansour Hamdi al-Bashiti, 1, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Riyadh Sha’aban Shabt, 23.
Mohammad Naim Salah Abu T’aima, 12, Khan Younis.
Salem Abdullah Mousa Abu T’aima, 36, Khan Younis.
Ismail Abu Tharifa, Khan Younis.
Zeinab Abu Teir, child, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Radi Abu Redya, 22, Khan Younis.
Shama Shahin, Khan Younis (Mohammad’s wife)
Mojahed Marwan Skafi, 20, Sheja’eyya, Gaza.
Adnan Ghazi Habib, 23, central Gaza.
Ibrahim Ahmad Shbeir, 24, Khan Younis
Mustafa Mohammad Mahmoud Fayyad, 24, northern Gaza.
Nidal Hamdi Diab al-‘Ejla, 31, Gaza.
Khalil Abu Jame’, Khan Younis.
Husam al-Qarra, Khan Younis
Rabea’ Qassem, 12, Northern Gaza
Hasan Salah Abu Jamous, 29, Khan Younis
Mahmoud Yousef Khaled al-‘Abadla, 22, Khan Younis
Nour Abdul-Rahim al-‘Abadla, 22, Khan Younis
Mohammad Farid al-Astal, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Abdul-Ra’ouf ad-Dadda, 39, Gaza.
Ahmad Mohammad Darwish Bolbol, 20, Gaza.
Ahmad Nabil Ahmad Abu Morad, 21, Gaza.
Ibrahim Omar al-Hallaq, 40, Khan Younis
Wael Maher Awwad, 23, Khan Younis
Ahmad Mahmoud Sohweil, 23, Khan Younis
Issam Ismael Abu Shaqra, 42, Khan Younis
Abdul-Rahman Ibrahim Abu Shaqra, 17, Khan Younis
Mohammad Ahmad Akram Abu Shaqra, 17, Khan Younis
Ahmad as-Saqqa, 17, Khan Younis
Nayef Fayez Nayef ath-Thatha, 19, Zeitoun – Gaza
Nayef Maher Nayef ath-Thatha, 24, Zeitoun – Gaza
Nayef Maher Nayef ath-Thatha, 24, Gaza.
Jihad Hussein Mahmoud Hamad, 20
‘Ala Hamad Ali Khattab, 26, Deir al-Balah<--corrected -->
Abdul-Qader Jamil al-Khalidi, 23, al-Boreij
Ayman Adham Yousef Ahmad, 16, Beit Lahia
Bilal Ali Ahmad Abu ‘Athra, 25, Beit Lahia
Abdul-Karim Nassar Saleh Abu Jarmi, 24, Beit Lahia
Rawan Ayman Saoud Suweidan, 9, central Gaza.
Naim Juma’a Mohammad Abu Nizeid
Jani Rami Nassr al-Maqat’a, 27, central Gaza.
Said Ahmad Tawfiq at-Tawil, 22, central Gaza.
Ola Khalil Ali Abu Obada, 24, central Gaza.
Do’a Ra’ed Abu Ouda, 17, northern Gaza.
Amer Abdul Raouf Abu Ozeb, 26, central Gaza.
Awad Abu Ouda, northern Gaza.
Bilal ash-Shinbari, northern Gaza.
Fatima ash-Shinbari, northern Gaza.
Falasteen ash-Shinbari, northern Gaza.
Abed Rabo ash-Shinbari, northern Gaza.
Ali Sha’boub ash-Shinbari, northern Gaza.
Souha Musleh, northern Gaza.
Mohammad al-Kafarna, Beit Hanoun.
Naji Jamal al-Fajm, 26, Khan Younis.
Ebtehal Ibrahim ar-Remahi, Deir al-Balah.
Yousef Ibrahim ar-Remahi, Deir al-Balah.
Eman Ibrahim ar-Remahi, Deir al-Balah.
Salwa Abu Mneifi, Khan Younis.
Abdullah Ismael al-Baheessy, 27, Deir al-Balah.
Mos’ab Saleh Salama, 19, Khan Younis.
Ibrahim Nasr Haroun, 38, Nusseirat.
Mahmoud Suleiman Abu Sabha, 55, Khan Younis.
Hasan Khader Baker, 60, Gaza City.
Wa’el Jamal Harb, 32, Rafah.
Suleiman Abu Daher, 21, Khan Younis.
Haitham Samir al-Agha, 26, Khan Younis.
Fatima Hasan Azzam, 70, Gaza.
Mariam Hasan Azzam, 50, Gaza.
Yasmeen Ahmad Abu Mour, 2, Rafah.
Samer Zuheri Sawafiri, 29, Rafah.
Mohammad Mousa Fayyad, 36, Khan Younis
Mona Rami al-Kharwat, 4, Gaza.
Soha Na’im al-Kharwat, 25, Gaza.
Ahmad Salah Abu Siedo, 17, Gaza.
Mohammad Khalil Aref Ahl, 65, Gaza, (remains located
Tuesday, killed during Sheja’eyya Massacre, Sunday).
Mahmoud Salim Daraj, 22, Jabalia.
Radhi Abu Hweishel, 40, Nusseirat.
Obeida Abu Hweishel, 15, Nusseirat.
Yousef Abu Mustafa, 27, Nusseirat.
Nour al-Islam Abu Hweishel, 12, Nusseirat.
Yousef Fawza Abu Mustafa, 20, Nusseirat.
Hani Awad Sammour, 27, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Ibhrahim Shbeir, 24, Nusseirat.
Mohammad Jalal al-Jarf, 24, Khan Younis.
Raed Salah, 22, Al-Boreij.
Ahmad Nassim Saleh, 23, Al-Boreij.
Mahmoud Ghanem, 22 Al-Boreij.
Mustafa Mohammad Mahmoud Fayyad, 24.
Ahmad Issam Wishah, 29, Central District.
Ahmad Kamel Abu Mgheiseb, 35, Central District.
Raed Abdul-Rahman Abu Mgheiseb, 35, Central District.
1
2
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for Gaza 2014
Table of Contents
ACRONYMS 4
FOREWORD6
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS7
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY8
SECTION 1: SETTING THE CONTEXT12
1.1 Counting the Losses14
1.2 The National Consensus Government: Priority Agenda
15
1.2.1 Institutional and Legal Agenda
15
1.2.2 Economic and Fiscal Agenda
16
1.3 The Vision for Gaza: Integration and Economic Development
17
1.4 The Private Sector: A Key Role in Economic Revival
19
SECTION 2: PLANNING FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION 20
2.1 Preparation of the Plan
22
2.2 Guiding Principles22
2.3 Coverage of the Plan24
2.3.1 Relief24
2.3.2 Early Recovery24
2.3.2 Reconstruction25
2.4 Prerequisites for Effective Implementation of the Plan 26
2.4.1 A New Arrangement for Movement and Access
26
2.4.2 Sufficient and Rapidly Disbursed Funding
27
2.4.3 Government Leadership and Effective Co-ordination
27
SECTION 3: GAZA RAPID ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGES AND NEEDS
28
3.1 Social Sector31
3.1.1 Social Protection and Social Safety Nets
31
3.1.2 Health and Psychosocial Well-Being
32
3.1.3 Education32
3.1.4 Civil Society, Community-Based Organizations, and Faith-Based Institutions33
3.2 Infrastructure Sector34
3.2.1 Clearance of Rubble and Explosive Remnants of War
34
3.2.2 Energy34
3.2.3 Water and Waste Water35
3.2.4 Shelter and Housing36
3.2.5 Government Buildings and Other Public Infrastructure
36
3.2.6 Border Crossings36
3.2.7 Roads36
3.3 Economic Sector37
3.3.1 Agriculture and Fishing37
3.3.2 Industry and Manufacturing
38
3.3.3 Trade and Services39
3.3.4 Employment and Livelihood
39
3.4 Governance Sector40
3.4.1 Operational Capacity of Central Government Institutions
40
3.4.2 Operational Capacity of Local Government Institutions
40
3.4.3 Rule of Law and Human Rights
41
3.4.4 Implementation and Coordination
41
3
SECTION 4: RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION INTERVENTIONS
42
4.1 Social Sector44
4.1.1 Social Protection and Social Safety Nets
44
4.1.2 Health and Psychosocial Well-Being45
4.1.3 Education46
4.1.4 Civil Society, Community-Based Organizations, and Faith-Based Institutions 47
4.1.5 Summary of Interventions in Social Sector
47
4.2 Infrastructure Sector48
4.2.1 Clearance of Rubble and Explosive Remnants of War
48
4.2.2 Energy49
4.2.3 Water and Waste Water49
4.2.4 Shelter and Housing50
4.2.5 Government Buildings and Other Public Infrastructure
51
4.2.6 Border Crossings52
4.2.7 Roads52
4.2.8 Summary of Interventions in Infrastructure Sector
53
4.3 Economic Sector54
4.3.1 Agriculture and Fishing54
4.3.2 Industry and Manufacturing55
4.3.3 Trade and Services56
4.3.4 Employment and Livelihood56
4.3.5 Facilitating Investment57
4.3.6 Summary of Interventions in Economic Sector
57
4.4 Governance Sector57
4.4.1 Implementation and Coordination58
4.4.1 Operational Capacity of Central Government Institutions
58
4.4.2 Operational Capacity of Local Government Institutions
59
4.4.3 Rule of Law and Human Rights
60
4.4.4 Summary of Interventions in Governance Sector
60
SECTION 5: IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE MONITORING 62
5.1 Government Leadership through the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee 64
5.2 Co-ordination with Partners64
5.3 Gaza Recovery and Reconstruction Implementation Unit
65
5.4 Detailed Damage Assessments and Action Planning at Sector and Municipality Level65
SECTION 6: FINANCING REQUIREMENTS AND MECHANISMS
66
6.1 Overview of Current Fiscal Situation
68
6.2 Summary of Recovery and Reconstruction Costs
69
6.3 Financing Mechanisms71
Annex 1: Mapping of Financing Mechanisms 72
Photo credits: UNDP/PAPP photo archive - Ahed Izhiman, Shareef Sarhan, Media Town, Tanya Habjouqa
4
ACRONYMS
AHLC
AMA
ASP
CFW
CMWU
CSO
CSRP
CTA
DARP
EOD
ERW
EU
FAO
GBV
GDP
IDP
ILO
IRP
KV
LACS
MCM
MIRA
MOEHE
MONE
MOPAD
MSME
NFI
NGO
OCHA
PEGASE
PFI
PID-MDTF
PRDP-MDTF
PSS
PWA
STLV
TVET
UNDP/PAPP
UNEP
UNESCO
UNFPA
UNICEF
UNMAS
UNRWA
USD
WFP
WHO
Ad Hoc Liaison Committee
Access and Movement Agreement
Agricultural Support Programme
Cash For Work
Coastal Municipalities Water Utility
Civil Society Organization
Commercial and Services Rehabilitation Programme
Central Treasury Account
Development Assistance and Reform Platform
Explosive Ordnance Disposal
Explosive Remnants of War
European Union
Food and Agriculture Organization
Gender-based Violence
Gross Domestic Product
Internally Displaced Person
International Labor Organization
Industrial Repair Programme
Kilovolt
Local Aid Co-ordination Secretariat
Million Cubic Meters
Multi-Cluster Initial Rapid Assessment
Ministry of Education and Higher Education
Ministry of National Economy
Ministry of Planning and Administrative Development
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises
Non-Food Item
Non-Governmental Organization
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Mécanisme Palestino-Européen de Gestion et d'Aide Socio-économique
Palestinian Federation of Industries
Partnership for Infrastructure Development Multi-Donor Trust Fund
Palestinian Reform and Development Plan Multi-Donor Trust Fund
Psycho-Social Support
Palestinian Water Authority
Short Term Low Volume
Technical Vocational Education and Training
United Nations Development Programme
Programme of Assistance to the Palestinian People
United Nations Environmental Programme
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
United Nations Population Fund
United Nations Children’s Fund
United Nations Mine Action Service
United Nations Relief and Works Agency
United States Dollar
World Food Programme
World Health Organization
5
6
State of Palestine
FOREWORD
Gaza is once more in crisis. Seven weeks of bombardment and ground incursions have left thousands dead and injured and half a
million people displaced. The physical destruction is vast in scale. Yet it is the human loss that is truly incomprehensible and from
which will be the hardest to recover.
Palestinians living in Gaza have suffered too long and too much. They deserve a future that is free from restriction, confinement,
and destruction. With their resilience, ingenuity, and determination, our people in Gaza are more than capable of making the
coastal region of Palestine flourish and prosper.
Full recovery from years of conflict and devastation can happen only if Gaza is once more connected with the West Bank,
including East Jerusalem, and all parts of Palestine are once more open to the world. Free movement of people and goods will
catalyze Gaza, catapulting it from its current crisis into socio-economic sustainability. Freedom of access must be guaranteed.
The borders must be opened. Trade must flow. People must travel.
The past months have been some of the grimmest in Palestinian history. And, yet, it was not a new experience. Since the Nakba
in 1948 until now, Palestinians have been forced through too many dark days. Israeli military action is constant, with massive
assaults in tragic repetition: in Gaza, six-year old children have already lived through three major assaults that have robbed them
of friends, family, and their childhood innocence.
But our Palestinian people will continue to move forward towards their dream of an independent, prosperous, and peaceful
state, with East Jerusalem as their capital. When Gaza last faced such destruction in 2009, Palestinian unity was still a distant
dream. Now, our people have achieved that unity, brought together by the National Consensus Government, formed just
weeks before the assault on Gaza began. Our Government will exert all efforts to recover, repair, and rebuild Gaza as an
integral region of Palestine.
We extend our hand to the international community, to our partners in peace and our friends in times of need. We challenge the
world to be ambitious and daring in helping us realize our dream of prosperity and justice in an independent state, free of military
occupation. An immediate measure is to end the blockade on Gaza and ensure our people never again experience the horrors of
this summer.
A brighter future is on the horizon. Give Palestinians in Gaza the tools, the opportunities, and the freedom to secure that future here and now.
Rami Hamdallah
Prime Minister
7
State of Palestine
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This document was prepared by the Palestinian Government’s Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee for Gaza Recovery and
Reconstruction, supported by the Inter-Governmental Technical Committee.
This Plan will be used to consolidate resources and responses to help the Palestinian people in Gaza rebuild their lives and
livelihoods. As such, it forms the basis for mobilizing resources and efforts at the international conference in Cairo, Egypt on
October 12, 2014 and provides the guiding framework for all relief, early recovery, and reconstruction interventions.
The Government would like to express its appreciation to the institutions that contributed to the development of this plan and
the rapid damage and needs assessment that underpins it, including the line ministries, other Government bodies, the United
Nations, the World Bank, the European Union (EU), the Office of the Quartet Representative, international and national NGOs, and
the private sector. Special appreciation goes to Egypt and Norway for organizing the donor conference.
As we work together to provide our people in Gaza with a better future, we acknowledge the damage that can never be undone
and the loss that will remain, even when peace and prosperity return. We honor the memory of the thousands who have died,
we mourn with those left behind, and stand with those who have suffered the most.
Finally and with the greatest sorrow, we remember the children: those who have died and those who still live, haunted by the
horrors of this assault and the other assaults that have overshadowed their childhoods.
Mohammad Mustafa
Deputy Prime Minister
Chairman of Inter-Ministerial Committee
8
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In July 2014, the Israeli military launched a sustained assault on Gaza. For seven weeks, Gaza was invaded and bombarded from
land, sea, and air. The human loss was great: at least 2,145 people were killed, including 581 children. One in four Palestinians in
Gaza was forced to flee, and over 60,000 houses were partially or completely destroyed. Public services have been devastated,
creating scarcity of water, energy, food, and shelter. Agriculture, industry, and trade are at a standstill, leaving ever more Gaza
residents without a livelihood.
This devastating assault follows decades of occupation and border closures that have left our people in Gaza isolated,
impoverished, and vulnerable. Gaza was already in the grip of a humanitarian and environmental crisis before the assault began.
A seven-year blockade had suffocated the private sector, creating widespread dependency: 80 percent of Gaza residents were
already dependent on aid, 47 percent were food insecure, and 40 percent were unemployed.
The National Consensus Government has developed this Palestinian National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan to provide
a roadmap through the current humanitarian crisis to long-term development. The Gaza Early Recovery and Reconstruction
Rapid Needs Assessment forms the backbone of the plan. Conducted by Palestinian ministries and agencies with the support of
local and international partners, it uses the situation prior to the assault as a baseline but contextualizes it within the experience
of Israel’s long and continuing blockade of Gaza.
This Plan was developed with the intention to transition from relief efforts to longer-term development needs across four sectors
– social, infrastructure, economic, and governance. The Government will respond to the urgent and chronic needs of Gaza with
relief, recovery, and reconstruction interventions in each of these sectors that will reinforce the foundations for longer term
development and growth.
Gaza is an integral part of the Palestinian state and its gate to the Mediterranean. Its development is crucial for the viability of
the Palestinian state and for the two-state solution. The Government will no longer accept the isolation and repression of our
people in Gaza. Renewed growth and prosperity in Gaza is the Government’s moral and national imperative. Furthermore, there
is no doubt that the success of the Government in the reconstruction of Gaza is key to ensuring the stability of Gaza, Palestine,
and the region.
Through the National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan, the Government will take - and lead - a series of measures to
uphold its responsibility towards Gaza and its residents and ensure rapid improvements to their lives, by working on multiple
paths, in cooperation with partners in civil society, the private sector, and donors, while maintaining national ownership.
Response is already ongoing, under the leadership of the Government through its Bridging to Recovery Initiative that guides the
transition from emergency to early recovery.
Initial rapid assessments have provided early evidence on the scale of the damage caused by the 51-day assault and form the
basis for the Government’s response plan. Nearly half a million people were displaced at the height of the conflict and more
than 11,200 injured, resulting in an increase in the number of poor, unsheltered persons, disabled, orphans, and female-headed
households. 373,000 children are now in need of psychosocial support. Fifty percent of all medical facilities sustained severe
damage and Gaza’s emergency and primary health care systems are now overstretched and under-supported. At the same
time, border closures have prevented the flow of crucial medical supplies and the transfer of high risk medical cases. Nearly 300
education establishments, from kindergarten to university level, suffered extensive damage and numerous others require repairs
having been used as emergency shelters for the internally displaced during the assault.
Essential infrastructure, which was already at breaking point prior to the assault, has sustained severe damage. An estimated
20,000 tons of explosives fired by the Israeli military have left many buildings and large areas of Gaza reduced to rubble. At least
5,000 explosive remnants of war (ERW) are not yet secured or destroyed. Extensive disruption has been caused to water and
sanitation networks, energy supplies and facilities, roads and bridges, and the telecommunications system.
9
Gaza’s private sector has suffered both direct damage to property, equipment, stock and raw materials, as well as indirect losses
due to closure and reduced economic activity. The agriculture sector has seen widespread destruction of cultivated land,
greenhouses, livestock and poultry farms, water wells, irrigation networks, and other productive assets. Seventeen percent of the
total cultivated area has been completely destroyed. In the industrial sector, more than 20 percent of Gaza’s industrial enterprises
and over 4,000 commercial and trade enterprises have been destroyed or damaged. Unemployment is set to rise significantly,
defaults in the banking sector may become a problem, and investors, who were already hesitant to invest, are likely to be ever
more cautious.
This Early Recovery and Reconstruction plan presents a comprehensive and prioritized response to the overwhelming damage
across all sectors and geographic areas in in Gaza.
The response in the social sector will require $701 million. The Government will work with UNRWA and other agencies to extend
a safety net to newly impoverished citizens, including through expanded cash transfers, food assistance, and distribution of nonfood items. Health services will be restored by rehabilitating destroyed and damaged health infrastructure and equipment. In
the education sector, the Government and UNRWA will focus on responding to urgent humanitarian needs amongst students,
rehabilitating infrastructure, providing psycho-social and social protection support to students, staff, and families, and returning
to education as soon as possible.
In the infrastructure sector, $1.9 billion will be required for temporary service provision as well as extensive rehabilitation and
reconstruction. The Government will prioritize the removal of rubble and removal of ERWs, which pose a critical danger to
citizens, particularly children. In the energy sector, additional supplies will be purchased to supplement the now repaired Gaza
Power Plant. Access to potable water will be increased initially through provisional supplies, followed by rehabilitation of the
destroyed and damaged infrastructure and equipment. Small-scale desalination units will also be developed, and pumps,
generators, and chlorine will be distributed. The largest expenditure within the infrastructure sector will be on housing, where
temporary housing solutions will be found rapidly for those who have seen their houses destroyed or damaged. Thereafter,
repairs and reconstruction will begin. A program to upgrade and develop border crossings will be essential to ensure handling
of the construction materials required for the recovery and reconstruction efforts.
The Government will invest $1.2 billion to rebuild the private sector and increase employment in Gaza, including restoring
the productivity of the agricultural, fishing, industrial, and manufacturing sectors and the trades and services sector through
rehabilitation, economic stimulation packages, as well as cash-for-work support.
With respect to the governance sector, the National Consensus Government will seize the opportunity presented by its recent
formation to harmonize and integrate the previously divided government structures. Maintaining and expanding the operational
capacity of the government will need to go hand in hand with the reconstruction of government institutions damaged and
destroyed during the assault. These interventions will start immediately and require $183 million.
The total cost of relief, recovery and reconstruction is estimated at $4 billion. This is about three times the estimated cost after the
2008 assault and equivalent to 35 percent of the total GDP for the West Bank and Gaza combined. When compared to Palestine’s
development budget for 2014 of $316 million, this is a huge shock. However, the Government sees the investment in Gaza as
an investment in stability and the viability of a future Palestinian State.
Alongside direct funding for relief, recovery and reconstruction, the continuation of existing budget support for Palestine to
Gaza in 2014-2017 will be a vital element for sustaining government functions in the West Bank and Gaza. An estimated $4.5
billion is required. Therefore the Government urges donors not only to complete the budget support for 2014, but also to
commit to budget support for 2015-2017. Without this, proper functioning of the National Consensus Government, as well as
recovery and reconstruction in Gaza, will be impossible.
Whilst Gaza’s rebuilding will be costly in the short -to medium- term, the Government’s vision for Gaza is one of sustainability and
self-sufficiency, where Gaza is an integral driver of the a growing Palestinian economy, united with the West Bank and opened
up to the rest of the world.
10
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
GAZA DAMAGES AND RECONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
Recovery and Reconstruction Costs ($m)
Sector
Sub-Sector
Damage
Social
Protection
Increased household
vulnerability:
30,000 additional
households in need
of social protection
Total and partial
damage to 9
hospitals, 28 clinics
and 25 ambulances;
373,000 children in
need of psychosocial
support
148 schools and
eight universities
and pre-schools
damaged or
destroyed; 113
schools used as
shelters
222 NGOs and
charities destroyed
and damaged; 296
mosques and 3
churches destroyed
or damaged
Social
Health and
Psychosocial
Support
Education
and Higher
Education
Civil Society,
CBOs & FBOs
Scope of Recovery
Interventions
Comprehensive support
to newly impoverished
citizens, including increased
coverage of cash transfer
program
Health care for IDPs;
Restocking of drugs and
supplies; rehabilitation
of infrastructure and
equipment; provision of
psychosocial support; crisis
preparedness
Rehabilitation of damaged
and destroyed school
infrastructure and
equipment; school supplies;
remedial education; crisis
preparedness
Support to 222 social
protection NGOs with
damage; Repairs and
rehabilitation of mosques
and churches
Sub-total
Rubble & ERW
Energy
Infrastructure
Water,
Sanitation and
Hygiene
Housing and
Shelter
Governmental
Buildings and
Other Public
Infrastructure
Border
Crossings
Roads
Environment
Relief
Early
Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
230
8
80
317
14
159
45
218
1
45
75
121
0
4
41
45
245
215
241
701
Removal of rubble and
ERWs
0
20
14
34
Temporary alternative
electricity provision;
rehabilitation of grid
damages; new transmission
system
0
32
153
185
Provisional water supply;
rehabilitation of destroyed
and damaged infrastructure
and equipment for water
and wastewater, STLV
desalination, clearing of
solid waste, rehabilitation of
land fills
Total damage
Rental/hosting allowances;
to some 10,000
Temporary housing
housing units
solutions; repairs to
Severe damage
damaged houses;
to some 10,000
rehabilitation and
housing units; Partial reconstruction of severely
damage to some
and totally destroyed
40,000 housing units houses
40
80
116
236
129
143
910
1,182
2.5 million tons of
rubble; estimated
5000 ERWs
Destruction of
Gaza Power Plant;
damage to grid, Gaza
north substation,
and transmission
infrastructure
26 water wells and 16
public water supply
tanks damaged;
46.8km of water
networks and 17.5km
of wastewater
networks destroyed
106 newly destroyed
public buildings,
damage to UNRWA
installations and
other public
infrastructure
Border crossings
damaged or
deteriorated
Damage of roads
Temporary offices,
reconstruction of public
buildings, rehabilitation of
UNRWA premises, repair
of lighting and other
installations
Rehabilitation of border
crossings
0
51
97
149
0
5
50
55
Road repairs
Unassessed
environmental
damage
Environmental damage
assessment
0
0
0
1
70
0
70
1
169
332
1,410
1,911
Sub-total
11
Economic
Sector
Sub-Sector
Damage
Agriculture
Damage to land,
agricultural and
fishing assets and
infrastructure; losses
in production
297 totally damaged
and 693 partially
damaged industrial
enterprises;
production losses
1,255 totally
damaged and 2,928
partially damaged
commercial
enterprises;
production losses
Steep increase in
unemployment and
poverty
Industry and
Manufacturing
Trade and
Services
Employment
Governance
Facilitating
Investment
Relief
Early
Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
Compensation for losses;
Rehabilitation of damages,
restoration of production
0
194
257
451
Repairs and rehabilitation
program for industrial
sector; Repairs to Gaza
Industrial Estate
Commercial and services
rehabilitation program
0
75
284
359
0
130
77
207
Cash for work and
sustainable job creation
0
62
7
69
0
20
130
150
Sub-total
0
481
754
1,235
Decreased ability and Short term to long term
willingness to invest financing for private sector
by private sector
companies, capacity
building
Operational
Capacity of
Central Gov.
Institutions
Weakened
operational
capacities
Allowances to personnel
in Gaza, support to
reintegration
0
113
0
113
Operational
Capacity
of Local
Government
Institutions
Weakened
operational
capacities
Support to salaries for
municipal employees
0
31
0
31
Rule of Law and Increased need for
Human Rights rule of law services
Support to legal aid and
arbitration, human rights
and IHL monitoring
0
1
6
7
Implementation Widespread
destruction;
and
weakened
Coordination
Strategic spatial planning;
scaled up coordination,
implementation, and
monitoring capacity of
reconstruction and recovery
0
12
20
32
Subtotal
0
157
26
183
414
1,184
2,432
4,030
and protection
operational
capacities
TOTAL
Scope of Recovery
Interventions
12
SECTION1
Setting the Context
The recent assault on Gaza is a reminder of the destabilizing impact and the heavy
toll that Israel’s decades long occupation exerts on Palestinians and will continue
to exert, so long as the goal of an independent Palestinian state in fulfillment of
international law and consensus remains elusive. The status quo is unsustainable.
A comprehensive and just peaceful settlement is essential to stopping the
continuing, destructive conflict. Only an independent Palestinian state, free of
Israeli occupation, can ensure peace, stability and security, side by side with Israel
on the 1967 borders.
Unifying all Palestinian territory under one effective government is an imperative
for the Palestinian people and for a viable and prosperous state. The formation of
the National Consensus Government is an essential first step in that direction and
in ensuring national unity. The challenges facing the Government are numerous,
spanning complex administrative, financial, legal, economic, and security issues.
Added to those is the momentous task of reconstructing Gaza and economic
recovery across the whole Palestinian territory, all against the backdrop of a
deteriorating economic situation, high unemployment, decreased financial
support, and continued Israeli occupation and colonization.
The success of the National Consensus Government in meeting these challenges
is the success of national unity in ensuring the economic and institutional
foundations of an independent Palestinian state. The challenges are grave but can
be met by the Government, provided that there is strong local and international
political support and generous financial and technical support from donor
countries, and provided that Israel upholds its obligations under international law
and removes its destructive restrictions on Palestinian freedom.
11.
22.
33.
44.
Counting the Losses
The National Consensus Government: Priority Agenda
The Vision for Gaza: Integration and Economic Development
The Private Sector: A Key Role in Economic Revival
13
14
SECTION 1: Setting the Context
1.1 Counting the Losses
In August 2014, Gaza marked the end of the sixth Israeli assault since 2006. Although the 51-day bombardment and invasion
has halted, Palestinians in Gaza are still counting their losses: thousands are dead or injured, nearly half a million were displaced,
over 110,000 are still homeless, and billions of dollars of damage has been done.
All this is against the backdrop of 66 years of displacement and dispossession, 47 years of military occupation, decades of travel
restrictions, and a seven-year blockade, which has crippled the economy and shattered livelihoods. Two of every three people in Gaza
were receiving food aid war prior to the recent assault. Poverty rates were up to 39 percent and unemployment had hit 45 percent.
Through the latest assault, which began on July 7, 2014, the Israeli military has once again wrought wholescale damage and
destruction to Gaza, surpassing even the aftermath of the December 2008 assault. During the 51-day assault, at least 2,145
people killed and over 11,200 were injured. At least 142 Palestinian families lost three or more members, while 1,500 children lost
one or both parents. More children have suffered than ever: at least 581 children were killed. Over 3,436 children were injured,
leaving many permanently disabled 1.
One in four Palestinians in Gaza was forced to flee, and over 60,000
houses were damage or destroyed. Infrastructure and public
utilities were severely damaged, including Gaza’s only power
plant, its water facilities, sanitation, electricity, telecommunication
networks, and transportation. Israeli military strikes destroyed
government and UN facilities, municipal centers, and public
utilities, impeding the provision of basic services to Gaza’s 1.8
million inhabitants. The local economy has almost completely
collapsed, after the destruction of an unprecedented number of
private sector assets and damage to agricultural land and fishing
facilities. During the assault, up to 71 percent of the population
became food insecure, as prices of basic foodstuff soared by 40
to 179 percent. After seven weeks of assault, most Palestinians
in Gaza can no longer meet their most basic needs: earning a
livelihood is almost impossible.
Immediate relief is already underway, provided by Government ministries and local and international agencies. The UN Office
for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) has issued two funding appeals for a combined $563 million. The requested
funds are supporting 47 humanitarian actors in providing immediate relief until December 2014. But humanitarian assistance is
just the first phase in the longer effort to help Palestinians in Gaza recover quickly and build back better.
The National Consensus Government has developed this Palestinian National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan, in
coordination with UN agencies, civil society, and the private sector, to provide a roadmap through the current humanitarian
crisis to long-term development. Building on the larger Palestinian National Development Plan, this Plan formulates responses
to diverse and urgent sectoral needs to secure the foundation for a prosperous Gaza. Prior to the publication of this Plan, the
Government began its Bridging to Recovery Initiative, through which it initiated key priority interventions from the Plan in
response to critical needs in Gaza.
Securing a stable future requires an end to this destruction and reconstruction cycle. The siege must be permanently lifted and
normal movement of people, trade and economic activity must be restored. It is imperative to ensure that the current recovery
and reconstruction leads Gaza onto a sustainable and permanent upward trajectory.
1 Data on fatalities and casualties are based on preliminary information (as of September 4, 2014) and may change.
15
1.2 The National Consensus Government: Priority Agenda
The recent Israeli assault started five weeks after the formation of a National Consensus Government – the first government to
administer in both the West Bank and Gaza since 2007. Formed as a result of President Mahmoud Abbas’ successful efforts to
achieve national reconciliation, this Government aims to institutionally, legally, economically, and socially reintegrate Gaza and the
West Bank, as a step towards achieving the aim of an independent and vibrant Palestinian state, with East Jerusalem as its capital.
Upon its inception on June 2, 2014, the National Consensus Government was met with strong popular Palestinian support and
welcomed by key international stakeholders, including all the Quartet members: the United States, the European Union, Russia
and the United Nations.
However, Israel expressed immediate and continued opposition to the National Consensus Government. It significantly limited
the new Government’s ability to effectively oversee the rehabilitation and integration of the ministries and national institutions,
including by preventing the movement of Government members between the West Bank and Gaza.
1.2.1 Institutional and Legal Agenda
Coupled with external challenges caused by the Israeli occupation, the new Government must address complex internal
governance tasks, including the complex harmonization of national institutions, civil services, and legal systems. Following seven
years of political separation, the full harmonization of Government institutions, civil service, and legal systems between Gaza and
West Bank is a historical opportunity that will take time to realize. The overall objective of the Government is to reunite the body
politic and strengthen state institutions through the implementation of the reconciliation agreement, with the aim of ensuring
a unified Palestinian government effectively governing both Gaza and the West Bank.
At the center of the effort to reunify and harmonize institutions is the issue of pre-2007 employees and the post-2007 staff
engaged by the then de facto authority in Gaza. This issue has to be addressed in the short-term while ensuring that the
Government is able to function in Gaza and carry out recovery and reconstruction efforts, and without undermining the
introducing of a plan for the rationalization of civil service in Gaza and capacity development in the medium-long term. The
resolution of these issues is further complicated by external legal challenges and the dire economic situation, in particular the
inability of the economy to generate jobs under current circumstances.
Establishing and maintaining law and order under the Government authority requires arrangements in the immediate and
short-term for controlling the border crossings; harmonizing the police force; and increasing support to civil defense in response
to early recovery efforts. In the medium-long term, security sector reform is essential to ensure the integration of the security
forces under a clear command structure, along with capacity-building.
The third major priority is the reintroduction of a unified justice system in Gaza by addressing the status of applicable laws, effect
of legal decisions, and reunification of the court system, while continuing the process that was begun prior to 2007 of unifying
the different laws, resulting from historic separation and different legal systems between the West Bank and Gaza.
1.2.2 Economic and Fiscal Agenda
The reversal of long term economic deterioration in Palestine, but especially in Gaza, is critical. The Palestinian economy has been
strangled by ongoing restrictions and a highly uncertain political outlook. This has been felt even more acutely in recent years as
a result of falling foreign aid levels. Growth fell to 1.9 percent in 2013 and is forecast to be negligible in 2014. Since this is below
the average population growth of 3 percent, Palestinians are seeing their GDP per capita decline.
This economic picture is even more startling when looking at Gaza, where repeated military assaults have time and again
destroyed economic infrastructure and paralyzed economic activity. The impact has been compounded by the severe economic
shock produced by the seven-year blockade on exports and imports, which has prevented movement of goods and people
16
between the West Bank and Gaza and all but eliminated Gaza’s export focused private sector. Today, only small shipments of
selected products are permitted to other markets through donor-supported projects.
The result is that real GDP per capita in Gaza has stayed largely stagnant since 1994, whilst real GDP per capita in the West Bank
has more than doubled. Gaza’s contribution to Palestine’s total GDP has shrunk, from over a third in the mid-1990s to a quarter
now. Pre-assault unemployment hit a staggering 45 percent, as compared to 16 percent in the West Bank, and was high as 70
percent amongst Gaza’s youth. Before the latest assault, poverty stood at 38 percent, close to double the level of the West Bank.
A further 30,000 households are estimated to have fallen into poverty as a result of the latest assault.
In this context, Gaza’s recovery and reconstruction must address not only the immediate economic impact of the assault but also
the preexisting structural challenges inhibiting Gaza’s development.
Yet, the Government’s room for maneuver to address these issues directly is limited. Despite fiscal reforms and improvements,
the Government remains reliant on donor support to meet the budget deficit and fund development projects. Additional
spending for recovery and reconstruction will put significant fiscal pressure on the budget, at a time when donor flows have
been steadily declining, falling by 30 percent since 2008. However, since revenues from Gaza in the short term will not be able
to meet more than a small fraction of the additional expenditure – in 2013, only 3 percent of total Government revenues were
collected in Gaza, as compared to 43 percent of budget expenditures there - the Government has no option but to look to its
partners to support the recovery and reconstruction effort.
FIGURE 1: GDP and Real GDP Growth (USD m, %)
Figure 2: Real GDP per Capita (USD)
Figure 2: Real GDP per Capita (USD) FIGURE 1: GDP and Real GDP Growth (USD m, %) 14000 20.0 4000 12000 15.0 3500 10000 10.0 8000 5.0 6000 0.0 4000 -‐5.0 2000 -‐10.0 0 -‐15.0 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 1994 1996 1998 2000 West Bank GDP 2002 Gaza GDP 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Real GDP Growth rate in WB&G 0 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 Per Capita GDP in West Bank 2004 2006 2008 Per Capita GDP in Gaza 2010 2012 SOURCE: World Bank Analysis
17
1.3 The Vision for Gaza: Integration and Economic Development
Gaza is an integral part of the Palestinian state and its gate to the Mediterranean. Its development is crucial for the viability of the
State of Palestine and for the two-state solution. There is no doubt that the success of the National Consensus Government in
the reconstruction of Gaza is key to ensuring the stability of Gaza, Palestine, and the region.
Through this Plan, the Government will take - and lead - a series of measures to uphold its responsibility towards Gaza and
its residents and ensure rapid improvements to their lives, by working on multiple paths, in cooperation with partners in civil
society, the private sector, and donors, while maintaining national ownership.
Addressing the humanitarian crisis in Gaza is the first step
towards reconstruction and in enabling the population
to live in dignity. Although the material damage can be
repaired, the widespread loss of human life as a result of
the assault will be suffered by generations to come. The
Government’s goal is not simply to alleviate the suffering of
citizens and repair the physical damage, but also to make
substantive improvements in the economic and social
situation of Gaza residents, particularly by dealing with the
chronic problems of poverty and unemployment.
It is neither sufficient nor acceptable to return to the
status quo prior to the July/August assault. This would
be tantamount to buying time until the next assault and
crisis. Rather, the economy in Gaza must be put on an
upward trajectory to achieve development, prosperity, and
a dignified life for its population. Accordingly, this Plan is
not aimed to “put out fires.” Rather, it is the beginning of
sustainable development of Gaza, as part of the larger
national plan to return the State of Palestine to its rightful
political and developmental track.
Developing for the Future:
Beyond Reconstruction
At least $7 billion is required as additional investment to
meet long-term development needs. Most of this will be
driven by the private sector.
Keystone infrastructure development projects include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Gaza Marine gas project
The international airport
The commercial seaport
A large scale desalination plant
A north-south water carrier
Waste water treatment plants
Significant investment is also required to address the
existing infrastructure deficit arising from the blockade,
including 75,000 housing units, over 270 schools, and
two new hospitals.
These projects are not budgeted in the reconstruction
plan but will be critical for a thriving Gaza.
18
The vision of this Government is a Gaza that is fully integrated into the State of Palestine, politically, socially, and economically, and
- through it - with the rest of the world. This vision assumes that local and international movement of goods and people is reliable
and secure via two safe passages and a permanent territorial link, facilitating increased tourism and a thriving private sector.
Looking beyond the immediate recovery and reconstruction effort, further priority infrastructure projects will be required
to address the public and private deficit that has resulted from the blockade and to catalyze Gaza’s potential to contribute
to Palestinian economic growth. Substantial additional investment is required to provide the infrastructural and economic
foundation for Gaza – and Palestine - to thrive.
Under this vision, in five years, a reconstructed Gaza will be open for business, fully engaged with the West Bank economy, and
attracting international investment and tourism. In ten years, Gaza will be a rapidly growing, export-oriented economy, with
increased trade and domestic prosperity and reduced aid dependency.
19
1.4 The Private Sector: A Key Role in Economic Revival
Gaza’s businesses have previously been amongst the most productive in Palestine, and its residents have remained dynamic and
resilient. Strong opportunities for medium- and long-term growth in Gaza exist in various areas, including the manufacturing,
technology, agriculture, tourism, energy, and construction sectors. Gaza enjoys a number of assets and sources of strength,
including a substantial young, highly literate, and entrepreneurial labor force, a strategic geographic location in a narrow land
corridor between North Africa and the Middle East, coastal assets that could be developed for year-round tourism, and significant,
yet-to-be-developed energy resources. Under different conditions, Gaza-based businesses can transform the coastal region and
Palestine into a hub for trade of goods and services, servicing markets in Europe and the Middle East.
Palestinian companies will play a key role in the recovery and reconstruction efforts, both as ‘implementers’ of interventions and
recipients of assistance if relevant. The Government will provide the proper enabling environment for the private sector to work
efficiently. While implementing this Plan, priority will be given to creating favorable conditions for local economic development
through the activation of the private sector. The Government will leverage the private sector via Public Private Partnerships (PPP)
in infrastructure development. It will seek to put in place an enhanced range of financing and insurance mechanisms for those
who invest in Gaza. In addition, it will harmonize West Bank and Gaza laws and provide incentives for investment in Gaza through
the introduction of specific initiatives.
While various interventions are planned for the revitalization of the private sector, this objective cannot be achieved without
ensuring the removal of the blockade and access and movement restrictions, allowing for normal trade between Gaza and the
West Bank, neighboring countries, and world markets.
20
SECTION2
PLANNING FOR
RECOVERY AND
RECONSTRUCTION
11.
22.
33.
44.
Preparation of the Plan
Guiding Principles
Coverage of the Plan
Prerequisites for Effective Implementation of the Plan
21
22
SECTION 2: PLANNING FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION
2.1Preparation of the Plan
This Plan was prepared by the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister and overseen by the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee.
The Committee was formed by the Cabinet of Ministers on 30 July 2014 to oversee the preparation of the Plan for the donor
conference in support of reconstruction efforts and budgetary support. It was assisted by a Technical Team composed of
representatives of 20 ministries and Government institutions working closely with international organizations, donor countries,
and the private sector.
This Plan is based on the Gaza Early Recovery Rapid Needs Assessment, which began on August 14 and was conducted by
line ministries in coordination with the Ministry of Planning and Administrative Development (MOPAD). Rapid assessments
of damage and recommendations for top priority immediate interventions, as well as broader recovery and rehabilitation
interventions, were prepared across the four key sectors, in accordance with the National Development Plan: Social Sector;
Infrastructure Sector; Economic Sector; and Governance Sector. The damage assessments utilized a range of methodologies
including analysis of satellite imagery, site visits, surveys, and interviews on the ground in Gaza, as required. Given the time
limitations faced in developing the plans, both the damage valuation and the financing requirements are best estimates, based
on the information available at this time.
This Plan also draws upon preliminary needs assessments and response planning by the World Bank and UN agencies, including
the Multi-Cluster/Sector Initial Rapid Assessment (MIRA) that was conducted on August 13, 18, and 19 by the UN OCHA and
Government ministries in Gaza. The Plan’s analysis of existing needs prior to the July/August assault is based on previous studies
produced by the Government, the World Bank, and UN agencies .
These assessments are rapid examinations of the challenges faced by residents of Gaza. Further ongoing and planned full-scope
assessments will feed the Government’s detailed work planning for the interventions described in this Plan. These assessments
include an infrastructure damage assessment by UNDP/PAPP and the Government and a Detailed Needs Assessment (DNA) by
the European Union, the World Bank, and UNDP/PAPP.
2.2 Guiding Principles
The Plan is guided by a set of principles that intend to maximize its effectiveness and draw on lessons learned from the
previous recovery and reconstruction planning and implementation:
•
Linking recovery plans to Palestine’s National Development Plan: Gaza is an integral part of the Palestinian economy and
the Palestinian state. The recovery and reconstruction efforts under this Plan are entirely consistent with national development
objectives, which serve to promote coherence in resource allocation, planning and implementation. The implementation
mechanism for Gaza reconstruction will be synchronized with the implementation mechanisms for Palestine’s broader
economic development plans, as laid out in the National Development Plan. To maximize impact and harmonize efforts of
a broad range of actors, the Plan will be implemented on the basis of the Global Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation: ownership, focus on results, inclusive partnerships, as well as transparency and accountability.
•
Government-led with broad-based participation: The National Consensus Government is leading the planning, execution,
and monitoring of the Plan, in cooperation with international and local partners. The Government is already coordinating
immediate response to urgent needs in Gaza with international agencies through the Inter-Cluster Coordination System
and under the framework of its Bridging to Recovery Initiative. The Government will continue to coordinate efforts of all
stakeholders in the early recovery process to avoid duplication of efforts and identify gaps and optimize the use of resources
available for sustainable recovery and development. During the implementation process, the people and businesses of
Gaza and Palestine will be at the center of early recovery and reconstruction efforts.
•
Using the plan for economic and private sector revitalization: The Plan aims to rebuild local production capacity. A
priority has been given to creating favorable conditions for local economic development through the activation of the
private sector. The plan aims to create additional temporary and permanent jobs and secure a key role for Palestinian
23
companies in the implementation efforts of recovery and reconstruction. In this sense, the private sector and a wide range
of civil society organizations are expected to be mobilized as both recipients of assistance and ‘implementers’ of early
recovery and reconstruction interventions.
•
Prioritizing accountability and efficiency in execution: The Plan’s development and design pays particular attention
to the need for rapid implementation and strong accountability mechanisms. Government bodies, private sector
representatives, and donors will be held responsible for delivery in their key respective areas through a clear, transparent
implementation roadmap that forms the basis of a performance management framework by the Government.
•
Focusing on most vulnerable demographic segments: The Plan focuses on and pays special attention to members of
society who are most vulnerable, notably:
•
•
•
•
•
Women: As primary care givers, many women in Gaza are struggling to manage large families, particularly if
displaced. There are more female-headed households, due to the death or disabling of male relatives. Pregnant
and lactating women have reduced access to health care. Women and girls in shelters struggle to maintain
cultural norms of privacy. There is evidence of increased gender-based violence.
Children: Unacceptable numbers of children were killed (over 23 percent of total casualties) and injured (33
percent of total injuries). Over 1,500 children lost one or both parents, while hundreds of thousands need
psychosocial support. Children are also vulnerable to increased violence and abuse and ERWs.
Persons with disabilities: An estimated 1,000 people are newly disabled. Disabled residents of Gaza face a
myriad of urgent challenges, including access restrictions due to widespread destruction and loss of special
aids, medicines, and service provision (following the destruction of the only rehabilitation facility). Shelters are
not handicapped suited.
Elderly: Many older residents in Gaza already have physical and mental vulnerabilities, are dependent on nowlimited health services, and are less able to cope in damaged housing or shelters. Experiences of multiple
hostilities and displacements increases psychosocial needs.
Internally Displaced Person (IDP): The internally displaced are a newly vulnerable population, particularly
those who lost all their assets when their houses were destroyed. There are still 110,000 IDPs, sheltering in
schools and with host families. IDPs struggle with inadequate access to basic services, overcrowding, food
insecurity, psychosocial needs, and health concerns. Host families, extended communities, and supporting
agencies are under strain.
This Plan details interventions under all four sectors that are designed to protect these groups, including
expanded social protection, provision of health and psychosocial support, strengthened crisis preparedness,
ERW clearance, and targeted availability of legal aid.
24
2.3 Coverage of the Plan
This Plan was developed with the intention to transition from relief efforts to longer-term development needs in Gaza. As a
result, it combines critical relief, recovery, and reconstruction needs in order to lay the foundations for long term development.
In its approach the Plan has identified three phases of interventions to respond to the complex, large-scale needs of Gaza and
its population: relief, early recovery, and reconstruction.
The immediate focus will be on the continuation of relief efforts already initiated by public and international agencies, especially
for IDPs, as well as initiating early recovery interventions. Within a timeframe of six months from the Conference, the plan
anticipates the launch of reconstruction efforts. This, however, is contingent on a border regime that reconnects Gaza to the
outside world and allows for access of required materials and specialized personnel.
2.3.1 Relief
Timeframe: Immediate – Month 6
Israel’s assault has created a complex humanitarian emergency situation that has required an immediate response in order to
save lives and prevent severe harm to the population in Gaza. Some of these humanitarian interventions, in particular for IDPs,
will need to be sustained over the coming months. These relief interventions focus predominantly on such needs as access to
clean water and food, provision of shelter, as well as social protection for those whose homes were destroyed. Many of these
interventions are being implemented through the Gaza Crisis Appeal, which was jointly issued by the UN and the Government.
2.3.2 Early Recovery
Timeframe: Month 1 – Month 12
Early recovery is a multi-dimensional process that aims at stabilizing living conditions and preparing the foundations for
longer-term reconstruction and development by supporting and generating self-sustaining processes for post-crisis recovery,
planning, and financing. Among other things, early recovery interventions will aim to restore delivery of basic services (health,
education, social programs, water, electricity, telecommunications); reduce additional risk and vulnerability; remove ERWs; begin
to restore livelihoods and shelter (ensure safe and secure environments); and support the return of IDPs. In parallel with this, the
Government will work towards strengthening governance functions.
25
2.3.3 Reconstruction
Bridging to Recovery Initiative
Timeframe: Month 6 – Ongoing
Beyond the first two response phases, the Plan comprises
a major reconstruction effort across all sectors in order
to restore Gaza to “normalcy.” Services and infrastructure
in Gaza are largely non-functional, due to the massive
destruction of public and private infrastructure. It is thus
crucial to initiate reconstruction activities as early as
possible. Recognizing this, the Plan identifies time-sensitive
reconstruction interventions that must be dealt with rapidly
and fully, and which will be given top priority during the
early reconstruction phases.
The entire reconstruction effort will be underpinned by the
aspiration to “build back better.” A mere rebuilding of the
status quo or filling gaps left by the assault will not suffice.
In this sense, the reconstruction provides an opportunity to
revisit the needs of Gaza residents as they stand today, not
as they stood yesterday. We must set our aims on ensuring
conditions for lasting prosperity and wellbeing and creating
an enabling environment for their enterprise and industry to
flourish, and for people to live in dignity. We must also ensure
that the reconstruction directly addresses key restraints to
Gaza’s growth and some of the impending crises.
The Government believes that recovery must start
immediately, alongside immediate relief activities
implemented by ministries and humanitarian agencies,
so that the people in Gaza can take an active – not passive
– role in rebuilding their lives, homes, and livelihoods.
Therefore, in advance of the donors’ conference, the
Government is moving forward with implementing
priority early recovery interventions, as part of the first
phase of the Gaza Early Recovery and Reconstruction
Plan. These selected interventions are designed to:
1. Increase availability of basic services in Gaza;
2. Provide temporary housing solutions and facilitate
IDPs to return home as soon as possible; and
3. Relieve financial stress and enable the private sector
to participate in recovery and reconstruction.
The interventions are a bridge from humanitarian crisis to
early recovery. Through these actions, the Government is
operationalizing its core strategy for Gaza’s recovery: caring
for its citizens, rebuilding its infrastructure, revitalizing its
economy, and strengthening its governance.
The Shelter Assistance Package launched by the
Government, UNRWA, and UNDP was the first Bridging
to Recovery intervention. At the time of writing, the
Government was working with the private sector to
identify priority interventions for implementation.
Donor conference
Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Bridging to Recovery
Transition into long-term development
26
2.4 Prerequisites for Effective Implementation of the Plan
The success of the plan and the achievement of its objectives depend on several factors. However, based on past experiences,
there are three main factors which will determine the success of the plan:
•
•
•
Unrestricted movement and access of goods and people;
Availability of sufficient and appropriate funding that can be rapidly deployed on the ground to meet the Plan’s activities; and
Effective ownership and leadership by the Palestinian Government and coordination with its partners to ensure that all
efforts and operations are efficient and have maximum impact in the shortest possible time.
The Plan calls for joint commitment between the Government and its partners to ensure that such conditions are met.
2.4.1 A New Arrangement for Movement and Access
Movement and access is essential to the recovery, reconstruction and development of the economy, improvements in people’s
living conditions, and revival of the private sector. As result, the blockade must be lifted and crossings must be opened and
operated effectively to allow for movement of goods and people from and into Gaza.
The issues that will need to be addressed include: Gaza crossings with Israel; access and movement between the West Bank and
Gaza; removal of access restrictions to lands near the Green Line in Gaza and the territorial waters; a bilateral Palestinian-Egyptian
crossing at Rafah; and commercial seaport and airport in Gaza.
27
Beyond the right of Palestinians to have the free movement laid out in international law and agreements, unrestricted access
and movement is essential to the swift, efficient, and effective implementation of this Plan. The importance of this prerequisite
is underlined by the year-long delay of key interventions of the 2009 Recovery and Reconstruction Plan by an Israeli regime of
entry restrictions, clearance requirements for construction materials and equipment, and approval processes. A continuation of
the current restrictions would significantly impede the progress – and impact – of the interventions described in this Plan. The
UN estimates that, if current restrictions on the entry of materials persist, it will take over 18 years to reconstruct the destroyed
housing units alone. This would be catastrophic for Gaza.
As a result, this Plan calls for the swift entry of all required construction materials and commodities. The Government welcomes
the new UN proposal for facilitating imports for private and government projects as a positive step. But the easing of the
restrictions is insufficient. The permitting, review, and control regime must be completely removed as an obstacle to both the
reconstruction efforts required to ensure basic service provision as well as the ability of the Gaza economy to generate income,
jobs, and opportunities for the population.
2.4.2 Sufficient and Rapidly Disbursed Funding
At $4 billion, the total cost required for the recovery and reconstruction is three times the estimated cost after the 2008 assault
and equivalent to a third of the total GDP for the West Bank and Gaza combined.
The Government faces a challenging fiscal position, resulting first and foremost from the ongoing Israeli occupation and
restrictions on movement and access and the Palestinian economy in general. The unprecedented level of damage of the latest
assault requires an unprecedented level of financial support. Although the Government will strive to contribute its own financial
resources, its constrained fiscal position means that it has no option but to look to local, regional, and international partners
to provide the necessary financial support for recovery and rehabilitation to be completed. It will be essential that this can be
disbursed quickly and efficiently and in line with the Government’s priorities, such that support, services, and infrastructure can
be delivered as quickly as possible to the people and businesses of Gaza.
In line with the principle of Government ownership of the strategy and its implementation, and global commitments on aid and
development effectiveness, this Plan calls on donors to maximize utilization of national systems. Such an approach will enable
a more coherent, programmatic, and long-term approach to development, and lead to much greater Palestinian ownership of
the process.
2.4.3 Government Leadership and Effective Co-ordination
This Plan targets all sectors, geographic areas, and institutions affected by the assault. The enormous scale of the damage, the
breadth and scope of activities required, and the number of stakeholders involved means that effective management and coordination of the Plan’s implementation and financing will be critical to reaching targeted goals.
In line with the guiding principles outlined above, the responsibility for overall implementation, coordination, and oversight
of the early recovery and reconstruction process will rest with the Government. However, the implementation of the Plan
will involve all key ministries and Government bodies, working across all levels of Government and in close cooperation with
numerous partners, including national development agencies, local and international NGOs, and the private sector.
The Government will lead the coordination of all stakeholder efforts in order to avoid duplication of efforts, identify gaps, and
optimize the use of resources available, as detailed in Section 5.
28
SECTION3
GAZA RAPID
ASSESSMENT OF
DAMAGES AND NEEDS
Conducted in the immediate aftermath of the assault, the preliminary
assessment found an unprecedented scale of destruction. All geographic areas
of Gaza were affected by the conflict and witnessed aerial bombardment,
naval shelling, or artillery fire. Some 44 percent of Gaza was designated by the
Israeli military as a buffer zone, from the fenced border with Israel towards the
west and in northern Gaza. Due to its densely populated and largely urban
environment, all people in Gaza were exposed to the conflict and suffered from
damages to vital infrastructure.
Since Gaza was already facing serious humanitarian and developmental
challenges, this Plan provides a contextual description of the needs existing
before the July/August assault (where relevant), followed by a description of the
losses created by the assault.
11.
22.
33.
44.
Social Sector
Infrastructure Sector
Economic Sector
Governance Sector
29
30
2009 - 2014 Density Comparison of destroyed and severely
damaged structures in gaza
31
3.1 Social Sector
Seven weeks of bombardment, seven years of blockade, and 25 years of movement restrictions have taken their toll on
Palestinians living in Gaza. Social services, including health and education, are overstretched by historical weaknesses and new
losses. Poverty, food insecurity, and social vulnerability have rocketed as a result of the mass displacement and destruction of the
population. Many households in Gaza can no longer live without external assistance, putting additional pressure on the social
protection system.
3.1.1 Social Protection and Social Safety Nets Prior to the Assault
Decades of border restrictions and repeated assaults have destroyed livelihood opportunities and left most families in Gaza highly
vulnerable to further shocks. Eighty percent of people in Gaza depend on social assistance, while social transfers (both cash and
in-kind) have become an important source of income for the majority of households, accounting for approximately 16 percent
of total household consumption overall and 31 percent among the poorest households prior to the assault. Some 72 percent of
people were either food insecure or vulnerable to food insecurity, even when taking into account UN food distributions to almost
1.1 million people. For as long as the closure continues, levels of food insecurity will remain high.
Impact of the Assault
Gaza families have shown marked resilience to these stresses, drawing upon their extended community networks to provide
informal safety nets. However, the aftermath of this assault will strain those remarkable networks, as food prices soar, new families
fall into poverty, and others are pushed further down. Greater food insecurity now exists, exacerbated by massive displacement,
destruction in the agriculture/fishery sector, lack of cooking gas, fuel, and cooking utensils, and limited access to water.
Thousands of households have lost income sources (due to the death, disabling, or unemployment of workers) and homes
(with tens of thousands of houses destroyed or damaged). Some 1,500 children have lost one or both parents. Over 1,000 newly
injured people will be permanently disabled, creating greater social and financial responsibility on their family and social safety
nets. Psychosocial trauma is widespread, making recovering from loss a longer process for all, particularly children, bereaved
families, and inhabitants of the most impacted neighborhoods.
32
3.1.2 Health and Psychosocial Well-Being Prior to the Assault
Even before the latest assault, health services in Gaza were strained by a rapidly increasing population, financial constraints, and
scarcity of medical supplies. Medical equipment experienced frequent breakdowns caused by power interruptions and water
impurities, among other factors. Most existing health facilities were in need of rehabilitation and upgrading in order to ensure
quality services and meet the needs of a growing population.
Over half of Gaza’s hospitals and clinics are affected. Fifteen of 32 hospitals are damaged, with three of them closed. Fortyfive of 97 primary health care clinics in Gaza are damaged (with four completely destroyed) and 17 are closed, along with
two psychiatric clinics and the only rehabilitation center in Gaza. Twenty-five ambulances were destroyed or damaged. Health
workers have also suffered seriously: 23 have died and 83 were injured during attacks on ambulances and hospitals.
The current crisis has illuminated the dramatic
effects of the massive shortage in the availability of
medical supplies and services. In the aftermath of
the assault, health services will be in exponentially
greater demand, resulting from the large number of
injuries, increased public health risks, and massive
psychological trauma.
Details of the losses suffered by private and NGO health
facilities are not yet known (apart from the destruction
of Al-Wafa Hospital, the only rehabilitation hospital in
Gaza, counted above), but high reconstruction and
re-equipping costs are assumed.
Given the high number of children injured and the relative youth of Gaza residents, the cumulative psychological and physical
impact of this and previous assaults represents a serious and long-term responsibility for the health system. Newly injured patients
were released prematurely to relieve pressure on hospital services and will require follow-up and further treatment. Over 40,000
pregnant women cannot access antenatal care, which puts their unborn children at risk. The UN estimates that 373,000 children
will need direct and specialized psychological counseling, while all students will require some form of psychological assistance.
3.1.3 Education Prior to the Assault
Education in Gaza has long been characterized by overcrowding and unsafe conditions (approximately 37.3 students per class).
The 2008 assault resulted in 217 schools and 60 kindergartens being damaged, including 18 facilities damaged beyond repair: the
ongoing blockade has prevented the urgently needed reconstruction of damaged schools and construction of new ones. The
annual increase of students in Gaza is nearly four percent (approximately 10,000 new students) and 79 percent of Governmental
schools and 88 percent of UNRWA schools operate on a double shift system. In 2012, the UN found that 200 additional schools
were needed and another 190 schools would be needed by 2020.
The Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MOEHE) started the school year on September 14, three weeks later than
the scheduled August 24. However, damage is widespread and severe in the primary and secondary education sector across
33
government and UNRWA systems: 26 schools
were destroyed, 122 schools were damaged,
and a further 113 schools were used as shelters
for IDPs. In total, over 559,000 students have
been affected by damage to Gaza’s schools and
universities. Damage was greatest in the Gaza
governorate, particularly in the east, where nine
schools were destroyed and 39 damaged.
Damage was also significant in pre-school,
private, and higher education facilities,
although detailed assessments are not yet
complete. Half of all universities in Gaza
are damaged, including Al Aqsa University,
Palestine Technical College, the Technology
and Science University, and Islamic University.
The impact on students will be long-term and will result in further over-crowding and potentially irregular schedules for
Government and UN students, who may have to travel further – and at greater cost – to alternate schools. Damaged facilities
are likely to require three to ten months for reconstruction or rehabilitation. Over 56,000 IDPs remain sheltering in 41 UNRWA
schools and two government schools.
Educational resources, technologies, supplies, and hygiene facilities were damaged or destroyed on a large-scale, particularly
following the destruction of the MOEHE warehouse: replacing them will be complicated by shortages of fuel and materials, leading
to sharp increase in educational costs. Families of students who have lost their houses would need support in order to ensure the
availability of school uniforms and stationary for their children. Psychosocial support of affected students will also be essential.
3.1.4 Civil Society, Community-Based Organizations, and Faith-Based Institutions
Prior to the Assault
Civil society organizations (CSO) have long had a strong presence in Palestine. CSOs have played a key role in service delivery –
especially in the health sector.
Full details of the damages inflicted on the civil society in Gaza are not yet available, although an estimated 222 social protection
organizations and charities were damaged.
Places of worship were also damaged, including a number of historical significance. In total, 296 mosques were affected (with 73
completely destroyed), three churches were damaged, and 10 cemeteries were damaged.
34
3.2 Infrastructure
Residents of Gaza are struggling to cope without secure supplies of water, sanitation, and power. Nearly half a million people
were displaced by danger or housing loss. Around 110,000 people will remain displaced long-term. The implications of the
damage left by the July/August assault are vast, in financial cost, human suffering, and public health. However, the scale of the
damage also brings attention to the chronic vulnerabilities of infrastructure in Gaza. As numerous UN reports have highlighted,
the water, sanitation, and energy sectors are close to failure, potentially making Gaza an unlivable place by as soon as 2020.
3.2.1 Clearance of Rubble and Explosive Remnants of War Impact of the Assault
The Israeli military shelled and bombarded Gaza for seven weeks from sea, air, and land. Over 2.5 million tons of rubble are spread
across Gaza, particularly in areas that experienced the heaviest bombardment, such as Beit Hanoun, Beit Lahia and Shujaiyeh
(Gaza City), Khuza’a, and Rafah.
An estimated 20,000 tons of explosives were fired by the Israeli military: some 5,000 ERWs have yet to be secured, according to
the UN. As a result, ERWs currently pose a major threat to children, farmers, IDPs returning home, reconstruction workers, and
humanitarian workers. UNMAS estimates that 713,000 Gaza residents could be affected and that children are at greatest risk, with
an estimated 450,000 in danger of accidentally triggering an ERW. Well-placed concerns about ERWs are likely to deter IDPs from
returning to their homes, if still standing. Rubble clearance will also be complicated by hidden ERWs.
The Police Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) unit in Gaza has already identified probable location of ERWs and begun removing
and disarming ERWs, when possible. In Khan Younis alone, 1,800 disabling and destroying missions took place during the assault.
The EOD Unit continued working throughout the assault, without specialized tools or safety equipment: four EOD staff (including
the unit head) were killed, along with two journalists, in August while attempting to disarm an ERW.
3.2.2 Energy Prior to the Assault
Gaza was suffering from an electricity deficit prior to the July/August assault, as a result of fuel scarcity, inadequate infrastructure, power
leakage, limited financial resources, and impediments on sector development caused by Israeli occupation and restrictions. With the
power supply at 200MW of the required 450MW prior to the assault, daily power cuts were normal (lasting as long as 16 hours in certain
areas), restricting private sector operation and affecting the provision of essential services such as water supply, sewage treatment and
removal, and the functioning of health services. Upgrades to the network, improved fuel resources, and additional power lines were
already critically needed to meet current needs alone. Yet, without strategic interventions to create sustainable capacity growth, the
energy crisis will continue: by 2020, Gaza’s energy supply will have to at least double to meet demand.
35
Less than 30 percent of electricity demand is now being met. Damaged assets include the main storage warehouse, network
structures, the north Gaza substation, and the only local electricity power plant. The Gaza Power Plant’s fuel treatment and
storage facilities were completely destroyed. In addition, only 10 percent of the electricity received is utilized due to the extensive
damage sustained by the internal distribution network. For instance, severe network damage means that, in eastern Gaza City,
Beit Hanoun, Khuza’a and eastern of Rafah, the majority of households there are not likely to receive electricity.
3.2.3 Water and Waste Water Prior to the Assault
The water and waste water sectors were at crisis point prior to the assault. Gaza relies almost completely on its coastal aquifer,
which is being over-abstracted and infiltrated by sewage, pollution, and sea-water. The aquifer could become unusable as early
as 2016 and only seven percent of operating water wells produce potable water according to WHO standards. In general, only
10 percent of water in Gaza is now potable. Although the water network coverage is almost universal, its distribution efficiency
was down to 55 percent. As a result, access to clean water was already limited, with average consumption at 70-90 percent of
the global WHO daily standard.
The attacks severely impacted the water, sanitation
and hygiene sectors, leaving at least 450,000 people
vulnerable to serious public health risks. Primary
water pipelines, water reservoirs, house connections,
sewage pipelines, wastewater treatment plants, and
sewage pumping stations were directly targeted
and damaged. Well pumping stations, the waste
water treatment plants, and the desalination process
are now disabled by electricity and fuel shortages.
Between 20 and 30 percent of water and sewage
networks remain damaged, mostly in Khan Younis,
and 12 percent of wells were destroyed or damaged,
mostly in Gaza City, Beit Hanoun, and Deir Al-Balah.
Around 90 percent of water (and sanitation) facilities rely on electric power for pumping water to the population. Water provision
is now cut or severely restricted, with residents of North Gaza and Khan Younis most affected. Between 30 to 50 percent of
household water storage capacity was damaged and many households lack the electricity or pumps to fill water storage when
water is available. Despite rapid repair by the Coastal Water Management Utility (CWMU) of 80 percent of priority repairs to
infrastructure, between 20 to 30 percent (450,000 people) are unable to access municipal water. Costs of desalinated and
tinkered water have increased, further limiting access to water for vulnerable families and creating financial stress for the larger
population, which was already dependent on private water vendors prior to the assault.
Sanitation is also a priority: services are damaged and the massive number of IDPs are overwhelming the public shelters or
their shared accommodations. This represents a serious imminent public health risk, with infectious diseases reportedly on the
rise, particularly amongst IDPs. Only 50 percent of wastewater is treated and is flowing into the sea and streets or mixing with
water, posing a severe environmental and public health threat. Although solid waste services are functioning in most areas,
collection is infrequent and residents are dumping waste within their communities. Lack of spare parts and fuel for operation
and maintenance are likely to cause further service disruptions.
36
3.2.4 Shelter and Housing Prior to the Assault
Gaza was already facing a housing shortage of over 75,000 units, as a result of a rapidly growing and young population, import
restrictions on construction materials, and significant damage and destruction during previous assaults.
Further severe stress was caused by the July/August assault, which affected around 60,000 housing units (or 18 percent of Gaza’s
housing stock). Around 20,000 housing units were totally destroyed or severely damaged. A further 40,000 housing units were
partially damaged, impacting a further 260,000 people.
One in four Gaza residents were displaced by the Israeli bombardment, forced into public shelters or shared accommodation: of
that number, over 68 percent were displaced by housing damage. Weeks after the ceasefire, as this report goes to print, some
110,000 IDPs remain in public shelters or with host families.
Total Units
Type of damage
Destroyed
Severe Damage
Partial damage
Description
Totally destroyed houses, beyond
repair. Need demolition and
reconstruction.
Major or minor damages in
part of house. House can be
inhabited but needs repairs
North Gaza
2,300
Severe damages in essential
parts of house. Uninhabitable
until major rehabilitation work
is undertaken.
2,300
8,000
12,600
Gaza
2,900
2,900
15,000
20,800
Middle Gaza
1,500
1,500
6,000
9,000
Khan Younis
2,000
2,000
7,000
11,000
Rafah
1,300
1,300
4,000
6,600
Total
10,000
10,000
40,000
60,000
3.2.5 Government Buildings and Other Public Infrastructure Impact of the Assault
The impact of the July/August assault was universal on public infrastructure. Municipalities, central government authorities, and
UNRWA report destruction and damage to facilities, and critical operational infrastructure and equipment. In total, 78 public
buildings were destroyed, adding to the 28 public buildings destroyed in previous assaults.
3.2.6 Border Crossings The 2006 Access and Movement Agreement (AMA) identified six border crossings for commercial and traveler use, as well as
the international airport and commercial seaport. Currently, only three border crossings are functional, with minimal movement
allowed across all three. Other crossings and access (including the safe passage to the West Bank) are not open, and their facilities
range from being under-developed, damaged, deteriorated, or destroyed. This non-compliance with the AMA has suppressed
economic growth and effectively imprisoned 1.8 million people.
3.2.7 Roads Impact of the Assault
The municipal road networks suffered the most damage. One in every two kilometers of regional roads in Gaza were already
unpaved or damaged, as a result of damage in previous Israeli incursions or because rehabilitation was hindered by the blockade.
Further damage to roads during the assault impeded rapid response and civilian evacuation and continues to constrain provision
of basic and critical services. Khan Younis, Gaza, and North Gaza experienced the greatest road damage respectively.
37
3.3 Economic Sector
The private sector in Gaza has undergone more than a decade of strife since 2000. The nearly complete halt in imports to and
exports from Gaza after 2007 resulted in a dramatic drop in manufacturing and agricultural outputs, as most items essential to
private sector revitalization remain on banned lists and are inaccessible.
Although the blockade was slightly eased in 2010 to allow imports of consumer goods and construction materials for donor
funded projects, restrictions on imports of construction and raw materials to the private sector are still fully in place; similarly,
exports to the West Bank and Israeli markets, which traditionally absorbed around 85 percent of Gaza’s exports, are still restricted.
Combined with the destruction of the tunnels that were the only other unofficial supply line for Gaza (enabling an estimated
$700 million annual trade), the blockade has effectively suffocated the economy. Significantly, engagement in innovative and
business-upgrading activities has dropped among Palestinian firms in recent years, driven primarily by diminished levels of
activity among Gaza firms.
The most recent assault has been a further, severe shock. Thousands of factories and commercial establishments are damaged or
destroyed and the agricultural and fishing industries are in ruins. Unemployment, which was already at unacceptably high levels,
has been exacerbated. Sustainable recovery will require significant efforts to generate private sector-led growth.
3.3.1 Agriculture and Fishing Prior to the Assault
Since the 1990s, agriculture in Gaza has been in a steady and serious decline. While Israeli military restrictions on access and
movement have been destructive in all economic sectors, the agricultural sector has been one of the worst hit. Seventeen
percent of Gaza is largely off-limits, including 35 percent of its agricultural land, while more than 3,000 fishermen do not have
access to 85 percent of the maritime areas agreed in the 1995 Oslo Accords. As a result, fewer crops are now grown and the fish
catch has decreased dramatically. Overall, land and sea restrictions affect 178,000 people, 12 percent of Gaza residents, and result
in annual estimated losses of almost $80 million from agricultural production and fishing.
38
The agricultural sector was directly targeted by during the July/August assault: 30 percent of agricultural land was damaged.
Much of the best agricultural land was part of the operational area of the Israeli military and is assumed to be contaminated by
ERWs. These will need to be cleared before farmers can be confident of working their land safely.
An estimated 40 percent of livestock died: half the poultry stock and hundreds of sheep and cows perished in the bombardment
or from lack of feed and water, when owners could not access their farms. A large number of the irrigation wells, irrigation
systems, greenhouses, productive trees, post-harvest facilities, and agricultural equipment were also targeted and destroyed.
The areas most affected in the agricultural sector are Khan Younis, followed by Rafah, Gaza, North Gaza, and Middle Gaza.
The fishery sector was also greatly affected: fishermen could not access the sea for the duration for the assault and many boats
were destroyed. In the first month of the assault, nine percent of the annual catch was lost, impacting the already limited,
protein-low Gaza diet.
3.3.2 Industry and Manufacturing Prior to the Assault
The industrial sector in Gaza is mainly comprised of small and medium sized firms representing 94 percent of the total industrial
enterprises in Gaza. Over 50 percent of enterprises across the industrial, furniture, garment, textile, and agribusiness sectors were
closed over recent years due to a combination of physical damage inflicted by the conflicts and deteriorating market conditions
caused by trade restrictions. The Palestinian Federation of Industries (PFI) reports that the number of industrial workers dropped
from 350,000 in 2005 to less than 15,000 in mid-2013, which is a strong indication of the shrinking industrial base in Gaza.
Electricity has become the top binding constraint reported by Palestinian firms in Gaza, second only to political instability. The
blockade halted Gaza’s exports, virtually ending the operations of key export sectors: the number of truckloads that currently exit
Gaza is less than four percent of the pre-blockade 2006 rate and one percent of the 2000 rate, averaging one truck only every
two days in 2013 and 2014.
Gaza’s weakened industrial firms suffered both direct and indirect losses as a result of the assault. In total, 990 industrial enterprises
were impacted: 297 factories and workshops were destroyed and 693 were partially damaged. The construction industry suffered
the biggest losses, making up 28 percent of damaged industries, while the greatest concentration of damage was in Gaza City,
where 68 percent of the damaged industries were located. Many industrial facilities had to suspend their production because of
power and fuel shortages. In turn, the closure of facilities and suspension of production resulted in dismissal of workers because
firms were unable to pay wages.
Although companies in the Gaza Industrial Estate (GIE) were not directly targeted, infrastructure at the GIE was damaged, restricting
the operations of firms within the estate even after the assault.
39
3.3.3 Trade and Services Prior to the Assault
Trade activities in Gaza are extremely difficult under strict Israeli measures and full control over the crossings. This has deprived
firms of access to West Bank and international markets. The internal trade sector in Gaza is mainly comprised of micro and small
enterprises representing 99 percent of the total commercial enterprises. The trade sector is well connected with agriculture and
manufacturing. Without a scale up in these sectors, retail and wholesale activities will not be able to flourish.
Israeli movement and access restrictions have limited the telecommunications sector for years, including on the launch of a
second Palestinian mobile phone operator, the import of equipment, and the movement of personnel into and out of Gaza.
International tourism has become a moribund industry due to restrictions on entry into Gaza, although domestic (internal)
tourism has grown, as Palestinians seek leisure within the confines of the blockaded borders of Gaza. However, this is insufficient
to occupy the 15 hotels.
Nearly 4,200 commercial enterprises suffered during the assault: around 1,255 were destroyed and 2,928 were partially damaged.
Over 90 percent are small stores.
The scale of damage and destruction to telecommunications (telephony and internet) infrastructure is reported to be significant,
with the damage mainly in the fixed line network. Rehabilitation will depend on access to materials from the external market
and entrance of specialized personnel into Gaza. The mobile communications network is seriously disrupted in a number of
Gaza districts: 225 stations have no power supply and 14 stations were destroyed.
The assault has dealt a further blow to the tourism industry. Many of important sites were damaged during the July/August assault,
including three submitted by the Government for addition to UNESCO’s list of World Heritage sites.
Five bank branches were damaged during the bombardment. The degree of indirect losses to the banking sector will become
clear as the situation stabilizes and banks determine which customers will be unable to pay back their loans, and the impact of
this on total non-performing loans.
3.3.4 Employment and Livelihood
Prior to the Assault
Unemployment was at 45 percent (after a sharp increase from 28 percent following the end of the tunnel trade in mid-2013):
nearly 70 percent of young people were unemployed.
While final figures are not yet available about the level of unemployment post-assault, the widespread devastation of the
economic sector and the prolonged suspension of work indicate that the rate of unemployment has jumped significantly and
will remain higher than the pre-assault rate for a prolonged period.
40
3.4 Governance Sector
A functional and unified public administration under the National Consensus Government is pivotal to the success of the
recovery and reconstruction plan, to stabilizing Gaza, and to providing services to its citizens. Within the period of this Plan,
the Government, in parallel to leading and implementing the recovery and reconstruction effort, will need to assume effective
authority and sole governmental responsibilities in Gaza; consolidate authority over ministries and Government agencies and
reintegrate them with national institutions; harmonize and rationalize the civil service in Gaza; and gradually assume security
responsibilities as part of a comprehensive security sector reform, starting with the assumption of policing responsibilities under
the authority of the Government to maintain civic law and order.
The scale of destruction and massive displacement as a result of the Israeli assault could potentially lead to destabilized security,
if immediate relief and early recovery are not provided adequately. Accordingly, the first objective in the short-term is to ensure
the operations of central and local government institutions for relief, early recovery, and reconstruction of Gaza. Achieving this
will require a temporary solution for the personnel engaged by the previous de facto authorities post-June 2007 who have not
received regular payments for a prolonged period of up to one year. This temporary mechanism will be limited in time and
function in parallel to beginning the process of harmonization and rationalization of the civil service, aimed at determining the
retention and retraining of existing civil servants who are not currently in active duty and the possible integration of personnel
who were recruited over the past seven years by the previous de-facto authorities, following the determination of their status.
3.4.1 Operational Capacity of Central Government Institutions The consolidation of the public administration under the authority of the National Consensus Government requires a careful
examination of available modalities within the existing fiscal limitations of the budget. The civil service employees in Gaza
have not been able to assume their responsibilities yet and return to their work. In addition, those employed by the previous
de facto authorities after June 2007 have not received regular payments for months, and their status remains undefined. These
include some 10,000 personnel in the education and health sectors, who perform vital social services for the population. This
is in addition to several thousand civil police officers and members of the security apparatus. This situation is not tenable and
threatens the operational capacity of central government institutions to implement early recovery and reconstruction programs.
The consolidation of the public administration and service provision will further be complicated by the immediate impact of the
assault, which resulted in the destruction of public buildings, along with government equipment and vehicles.
3.4.2 Operational Capacity of Local Government Institutions Municipalities are direct providers of essential daily services to their citizens and as such play a key role in recovery and
reconstruction efforts.
Municipalities to a large degree depend on revenues for services and municipal fees and taxes. In impoverished Gaza, however,
citizens are not able to pay these service fees and taxes. As a result, municipal personnel have not received regular payments
for months, and currently only core personnel is reporting to work. While conditions vary slightly between municipalities, the
operational capacity of municipalities has been compromised during the most critical period. Especially in the current recovery
and reconstruction phase, it is vital that municipalities work at their maximum capacity.
Municipalities have also suffered direct losses. Municipal facilities and equipment have been destroyed and damaged throughout
Gaza, though Rafah, Beit Lahia, and Gaza City incurred most of the damages. These damages further undermine the operational
capacity of the affected municipalities.
41
3.4.3 Rule of Law and Human Rights The weeks of shelling and bombardment have compromised rule of law and human rights in Gaza beyond the assault. Law
enforcement infrastructure, courts, prosecution departments, and family courts, as well as the only women’s shelter were also
destroyed or damaged. The Palestinian Bar Association lost eight of its lawyers.
While enforcement capacities have been weakened, protection needs have increased substantially, including at IDP centers.
Considering the massive loss of lives and property and the corresponding need to find alternative shelter, it is expected that rule
of law institutions will be confronted with a strong increase in caseloads related to land, property, and housing rights, as well as
with personal status, heritage, and custody issues.
The disproportional killing of civilians and the massive destruction of civilian infrastructure all point out to serious violations of
International Humanitarian Law by Israel. Human rights organizations based in Gaza and the West Bank have mobilized their
resources and are cooperating in documenting and investigating violations of International Humanitarian Law. These activities are
vital for ensuring accountability and need to be conducted at the very early stage, at times ahead of the removal of rubble and
other damages.
3.4.4 Implementation and Coordination As noted above, widespread destruction and government transitions have impacted the capacity and resources of the
Government. There is a need to upgrade the operational capacity of central government institutions to implement this Plan.
42
SECTION4
RECOVERY AND
RECONSTRUCTION
INTERVENTIONS
Relief activities are already underway to respond to humanitarian needs and
increase availability of essential services. The interventions outlined below build
upon ongoing and planned relief activities and are designed to be an effective
bridge between current critical needs and a more sustainable response to new
and chronic needs in Gaza. This is particularly important because of the decline in
the quality of services and economic conditions before the July/August assault.
In order to address the needs of people in Gaza in an integrated and coordinated
way, priority interventions must ensure that sectoral and sub-sectoral needs are
considered in relation to each other. Interventions in one sector will reinforce those
in others. For example, an improved supply of energy will increase availability of
water and sanitation services, improving living conditions (particularly for IDPs),
reducing public health risks, and protecting the vulnerable (such as women and
children). Energy is also critical to reviving the private sector, which will be an
important supply and employment resource during recovery and reconstruction.
The sequencing and prioritization of recovery and reconstruction activities
recommended below is a result of the careful consideration of the various subsectors of the Plan.
11.
22.
33.
44.
Social Sector
Infrastructure Sector
Economic Sector
Governance Sector
43
44
4.1 Social Sector
Response in the social sector will be quick and significant. Social protection programs are being expanded to accommodate the
newly poor and vulnerable. Education and health services will be strengthened to cope with the systemic shocks triggered by
the assault and the increased demand on services.
4.1.1 Social Protection and Social Safety Nets Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
$230m
$8m
$80m
$317m
Tens of thousands of families are struggling to cope in the aftermath of destruction, death, and financial loss. Over 30,000
households (around 172,500 individuals) are estimated to have newly fallen into poverty and food insecurity, increasing the
already substantial number of people dependent on aid. There is an immediate need to significantly scale up the Government’s
existing social protection programs as a result, including:
•
•
•
Cash Transfer Program for 95,000 households (up from a pre-assault 65,000 household level)
Health insurance coverage for 70,000 households (up from 40,000 household level)
Regular food assistance (through WFP) for 55,000 households (up from 25,000 households)
These scaled up programs are expected to last up to two years.
A second exceptional food distribution will be provided to all households not already receiving regular food assistance (estimated
to include 730,000 households). Short-term assistance will also be provided to newly displaced and conflict-affected refugee
families, including food parcels to IDPs in shelters and non-food items (NFI) to IDPs and refugee families.
Early recovery interventions will seek to create or strengthen longer-term support, including raising awareness of and responding
to the emerging needs of refugee women, providing reimbursement of medical and burial expenses, providing new orphans
with sponsorship cash allowance, and exempting 140,000 students from school fees (up from 120,000). Child protection systems
will be strengthened, including child protection services, helplines, referrals, and resilience building activities, particularly in
response to children living in displaced families.
45
Longer-term assistance projects will aim to strengthen vulnerable households (e.g., households headed by women or including
the disabled) by supporting income-generating projects and encourage newly disabled people to re-integrate through
vocational training and home adaptations.
Protection for women against gender-based violence (GBV) will be increased through multiple interventions, including a
rapid assessment, mapping of available services for women and girls, strengthening of protection resources (e.g., safe places,
protection committees, and referral pathways), and awareness raising amongst women and their community about GBV and
specialized services.
A new assessment of vulnerability in Gaza will also be conducted, based on a survey of household expenditure and consumption.
4.1.2 Health and Psychosocial Well-Being Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
$14m
$159m
$45m
$218m
In the aftermath of the assault, health services are overburdened, under-resourced, and still very much in demand. Interventions
must focus on ensuring hospitals, clinics, and other health providers are able to respond, now and in the long-term. Primary
health care services are crucial to prevent outbreaks of diseases and – in the relief phase - will be provided to IDPs in shelters,
particularly new mothers.
Health facilities will be provided with medication and medical supplies to replenish stocks exhausted during the July/August
assault. Eight hospitals, 21 primary health care clinics, two psychiatric clinics and a clinic for the handicapped need repair and
re-equipping, following damage to physical infrastructure, equipment, and furniture. Specialized medical equipment also needs
repairing or replacing: electromechanical, medical equipment, and spare parts will also be provided, along with 25 ambulances.
During the recovery phase, the health system will be strengthened by analyzing and responding to needs in health human
resource, health information, medical stocks, non-communicable disease care standards, and emergency preparedness. The
cooling chain for vaccines will be restored, with capacity improvements, and provide a new stock of vaccines.
Psychosocial support will also be a key early recovery intervention, including for displaced families, including young girls and
elderly people, 100,000 children whose families lost their homes, new widows and women whose household has lost incomeearners, GBV survivors, 1,000 newly disabled, 1,500 new orphans, and UNRWA staff who worked during the assault.
Specialized protection mechanisms will be established to serve 60,000 highly vulnerable children with psychosocial services.
Schools will also serve as a mechanism for responding to trauma amongst children, including awareness-raising and counselling
sessions for school teachers, students, staff, and school safety committees; school-based activities to promote non-violence,
child protection, and psycho-social support by teachers and counselors; and psycho-social support to pupils and teachers to
improve coping skills.
During the reconstruction phase, five primary health clinics and two rehabilitation centers destroyed during the assault will be
reconstructed and equipped. Finally, a comprehensive review of health sector emergency preparedness and response plans will
be carried out.
46
4.1.3 Education Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
$1m
$45m
$75m
$121m
With half the Gaza population under 18, education can be used as a primary mechanism for social and psychosocial stabilization
throughout Gaza. Schools can provide much needed structure and normalcy for children, who are suffering from direct or indirect
trauma. Damage was done across the entire educational spectrum: from pre-schools to universities. There is a massive scale of
rebuilding, repairing, and re-equipping that must be done in governmental, UN, private, and NGO schools and universities.
Schools will cater for students with existing or new disabilities (caused during the assault) who either have lost their specialized
equipment (e.g., mobility aids or hearing aids) in the assault or have new needs. Emergency education will also be provided to
children living in IDP shelters.
As the school year starts, new school supplies (e.g., uniforms, bags, and stationery) are being distributed to students, with a focus
on internally displaced students.
To promote educational early recovery, 144 government and UNRWA schools, one private school, three pre-schools, and four
universities will be repaired and re-equipped. A further twenty-two governmental schools, two pre-schools, and two university
buildings will need to be reconstructed.
Since school capacity was already insufficient in Government and UNRWA schools, reconstruction plans will aim at creating
sufficient capacity for both current and future students.
Therefore, reconstruction plans will aim at creating sufficient capacity for both current and future student population. UNRWA
will also build transitional schooling facilities for refugees. A number of programs will be introduced to strengthen educational
delivery and respond to the aftermath of the assault. 47
4.1.4 Civil Society, Community-Based Organizations, and Faith-Based
Institutions Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$4m
$41m
$45m
Civil society organizations suffered heavily during the assault with over 220 organizations experiencing significant damage.
These charities and NGOs will receive a one-time payment to help them re-establish their services to their 180,000 beneficiaries.
Nearly 200 mosques will be rehabilitated and 73 mosques will be reconstructed. Reconstruction will also be undertaken for a
range of archaeological and cultural sites.
4.1.5 Summary of Interventions in Social Sector
Interventions & Estimated Costs by Phase
Sub-Sector
Social
Health
Education
Relief
Early Recovery
• Cash assistance and health
Reconstruction
• Reimbursement of medical and
burial expenses
• Exemptions from tuition fees for
students
• Strengthening protection for
• Support to permanently disabled
• Livelihood support to vulnerable
households
• Strengthening GBV protection
• Vulnerability assessment
Estimated Cost: $230m
• Emergency repairs on essential
equipment and vehicles
• Primary health care services for
persons in shelters
Estimated Cost: $8m
• Restocking of medication and
medical supplies
• Rehabilitation of 8 damaged
hospitals and 24 clinics
• Replacement of medical
equipment, spare parts, and 25
ambulances
• Restoration of cooling chain for vaccines
• Expanded psycho-social support
• Improved health services for
refugees and children
• Health system strengthening
• Reconstruction of destroyed
hospital
• Reconstruction of 5 destroyed clinics
• Emergency preparedness
• Provision of aids for disabled
students
• Emergency education in shelters
• Rehabilitation of 145 schools
• Rehabilitation of 4 universities
• Rehabilitation of 3 pre-schools
• Provision of schooling supplies
• Rehabilitation of 24 heavily
damaged schools and pre-schools
• Reconstruction of 2 university
buildings
• Crisis preparedness
• Remedial education
• Transitional schooling facilities
Estimated Cost: $1m
• Rehabilitation of damaged NGO
infrastructure
• Support to 222 social protection
• Reconstruction of destroyed NGO
infrastructure
• Rehabilitation of 196 mosques
• Reconstruction of 73 mosques
• Rehabilitation of archaeological
insurance for an additional 30,000
newly vulnerable households
• Food and non-food assistance to
IDPs and non-IDPs
(*all to continue for full duration of plan)
Civil society
women and children
NGOs with partial damages
and cultural sites
Estimated Cost: $4m
ESTIMATED
SUB-SECTOR
COST
TOTAL SECTOR
COST
$245m
$215m
$701m
Estimated Cost: $41 m
$241m
48
4.2 Infrastructure Sector
Immediate response, as part of the relief and early recovery effort, is essential to ease individual suffering and increase
access to basic services. However, given that Gaza’s infrastructure was already at breaking point prior to the assault,
short term fixes cannot evolve into long-term solutions. Equally, the infrastructure reconstruction effort cannot simply
be a re-building of pre-existing infrastructure. Instead, reconstruction efforts will be informed by long-term, cross-sector
infrastructure planning that will establish effective integrated infrastructure networks as the basis for long-term sustainable
social and economic development.
A critical pre-requisite for infrastructure development is access and movement. Even the most urgent need or the most strategic
priority cannot be met if the blockade is not ended. Without materials and fuel, networks cannot be mended, houses cannot be
built, and a healthy and sustainable future cannot be assured
4.2.1 Clearance of Rubble and Explosive Remnants of War Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$20m
$14m
$34m
Two and a half million tons of rubble need to be removed, the mass clearance can be divided between the early recovery phase
and the reconstruction phase. Although it is not suitable for rebuilding, the rubble removed during the reconstruction phase
can be reused for road rehabilitation, curbs stones, and road paving. Large chunks of concrete can be reused as wave breakers
for the fishing harbor.
Given the high tonnage of munitions used during this assault and the December 2008 assault, there is a significant risk that ERWs
will be hidden in the rubble. Activities will include rapid assessments, emergency ERW (and explosive hazards) risk education
for civilians and humanitarian actors in highly impacted neighborhoods, as well as the oversight and monitoring of marking,
collection, and disposal of ERW by the Police EOD teams as and when the security and political situations allow. Activities would
begin in the early recovery phase and continue through the reconstruction phase.
49
4.2.2 Energy Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$32m
$153m
$185m
A steady and sufficient supply of electricity is essential to Gaza’s recovery. Immediate repairs are needed to the badly damaged
grid. A temporary storage facility will be found for electrical equipment, until the construction of a new main storage facility for
electrical equipment is completed as part of reconstruction.
An initial repair of the Gaza Power Plant has been completed to allow for its operation. In addition, planned early recovery will
see the restoration of the main power lines for supply from Israel and the provision of electrical materials to repair networks. In
parallel, the possible expansion of supply of electricity through existing lines from Egypt is being explored. Other potential shortterm alternatives are being evaluated, which include a connection to a floating naval power station.
However, the pre-existing energy deficit requires more than an attempt to return to the cost-inefficient status quo. In the longterm, the Government will promote the cost-saving conversion of the Gaza Power Plant to natural gas from industrial diesel by
the private sector.
4.2.3 Water and Waste Water Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
$40m
$80m
$116m
$236m
While pressing health risks justify immediate and primary focus on repairs, the water and sanitation sector is facing serious
systemic failings that must be addressed to ensure sustainable water sources and sanitation systems in the future. Long-term
interventions are essential to enable Gaza’s water and sanitation services to accommodate citizen and environmental demands
now and in the future.
Immediate interventions will include the provision of mobile pumps and generators (with spare parts and fuel) for pumping
water and wastewater. Access to clean water will be improved through the provision of chlorine to disinfect water. IDPs will
receive water for drinking and domestic use through water trucks and bulk water storage units and will have access to new
sanitation installations. Water and sanitation support for IDPs will continue through the early recovery phase.
50
At the same time, the Palestine Water Authority will upgrade its operational capacity by procuring new machinery, equipment,
and vehicles to replace damaged or destroyed assets. Response to this operational need can be both emergency and early
recovery, but assistance will begin immediately to support rapid system repairs.
Urgent repairs have been done, including the restoration of the Rafah Waste Water Treatment Plant pipeline to the sea, which
stopped partially treated waste water seeping into ground water wells. However, significant numbers of water and sanitation
systems, desalination units, wastewater pumping stations, and wastewater treatment plants need repair, as part of the early
recovery effort.
Municipal public roads, water and sanitation services, and electrical installations will be repaired to facilitate early recovery and
protect public health, particularly of the most vulnerable. Transitional solid waste dumps will be cleared.
In a later phase, water wells, networks, and tanks, and sanitation networks will be completely rebuilt, particularly in areas of
widespread destruction, including in Beit Hanoun, Jabalia, Shujaiyeh, eastern Rafah, and the eastern Khan Younis villages. Those
areas need a complete water and waste water infrastructure solution, which may require a re-design of the networks based on
the new population in the area.
During recovery and reconstruction phases, additional supply of potable water will be provided through supply of more water
from Israel of up to additional 10 MCM per year.
Longer-term responses to the challenges of clean water and sanitation for the people of Gaza must be funded. In light of
the current demand for fresh water and the expected growth by some 60 percent over current levels of abstraction from the
aquifer, the increase of potable water supply in the short-term and the longer-term through the interventions proposed below
are essential to restoring the aquifer. Already the UN Environmental Programme (UNEP) recommends ceasing abstraction
immediately from the aquifer to avoid irreversible damage and enable its recovery, a process which is expected to take decades.
4.2.4 Shelter and Housing Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
$129m
$143m
$910m
$1,182m
Heavy bombardment of residential areas has damaged or demolished an estimated 60,000 housing units across Gaza, in a sector
still trying to recover from previous bombardments and import bans on construction materials. This housing damage displaced
one in four people in Gaza: at the time of going to print, over 110,000 people still remain in shelters or with host families.
51
A joint program for early recovery and reconstruction will be implemented by the Government, UNRWA, and UNDP to respond
to the needs of refugee and non-refugee families whose houses had been affected by assault. The Government, UNRWA, and
the UNDP will conduct joint shelter assessments of damaged and destroyed homes in Gaza to help facilitate a transition period
for internally displaced persons.
Support to households is based on the extent of the damages suffered. The 20,000 families whose homes have been destroyed
or severely damaged – and therefore are uninhabitable - will receive temporary support measures before their houses can be
reconstructed. These include a rental subsidy/host family support package, which will provide each family between $200-250
per month depending on family size for rental. A one-time reintegration cash allowance will also be provided to the families to
enable the purchase of necessary NFIs. The Government will increase the currently limited rental capacity in Gaza by finishing
4,000 semi-constructed housing units for use as temporary shelters for IDPs over a two-year period.
Based on an assessment of the value of damages, the 40,000 families whose homes were partially damaged during the assault
will receive support of up to $3,000 per household to undertake house repairs.
In the longer-term, the 20,000 destroyed or severely damaged housing units will be rehabilitated or reconstructed by the
Government and UNRWA. This will form the largest part of the housing budget, with the reconstruction cost of a unit estimated
at $60,000 and repair of severe damage at $25,000.
In addition, the plan also covers 1,000 housing units destroyed that will also be reconstructed and rehabilitated to ease the preassault housing deficit.
The planned reconstruction and repair of these housing units is entirely contingent on the availability of construction materials, which
– in turn – depends on the complete removal of restrictions on imports to the private sector imposed by Israel, in addition to removing
obstacles and delays on the entry of materials to international agencies
4.2.5 Government Buildings and Other Public Infrastructure Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$51m
$97m
$149m
During the early recovery phase, ministries that were directly affected by the assault will provide temporary buildings and
furniture for their employees. The Government will rehabilitate municipality buildings and facilities (e.g., garages, storehouses).
UNRWA will repair partially damaged schools, health centers, food distribution centers, and offices.
Destroyed buildings will be reconstructed at a later stage and include UNRWA facilities and 106 public buildings (including 28
buildings destroyed in previous assaults). The Government will also repair recreational sites and lighting/electrical works.
4.2.6 Border Crossings Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$5m
$50m
$55m
In Gaza, the political and security turmoil has rendered the crossings totally dysfunctional or non-existent. A new arrangement
at the crossings between Gaza and Israel and between Gaza and Egypt will be necessary. This Plan provides an overview of key
functionalities to be achieved during the post-assault recovery and reconstruction. However, the details and prioritization of
interventions at border crossings will be finalized in internationally-mediated negotiations.
Trade facilitation is the paramount driving force in the selection of border crossings. Gaza is and will continue to be dependent
on trade with other countries for its economic development. As a result, border crossings must be strategically located.
52
Furthermore, special needs of certain products must be considered in locating and constructing border crossings: for instance,
agricultural products, aggregates, and pipelines need to have dedicated crossings. Basic equipment and operational costs will
be provided during the early recovery phase to facilitate movement through the crossings.
New infrastructure and additional facilities will be constructed for the movement of passengers. In addition to infrastructure
development requirements at the crossings, off site infrastructure leading to the crossings will require development, in particular
suitable access roads. Capacity development will also be required to ensure the effective and sustained operation of the crossings.
4.2.7 Roads Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
-
$70m
$70m
Extensive damage of municipal infrastructure is reported across Gaza, with the most damage inflicted in Gaza City, Beit Hanoun,
Khuza’a, Bani Suheila, and Beit Lahia. Several roads will be rebuilt during the reconstruction phase, including the Al-Karamah
road, the northern part of Salah Ed-Din road, and some municipal roads.
53
4.2.8 Summary of Interventions in Infrastructure Sector
Sub-Sector
Relief
Early Recovery
Rubble and
ERW
Energy:
electricity, fuel,
and gas
Water, waste
water and
sanitation
• Restoration of temporary water
provision
• Water provision to IDPs
• Clearance of transitional solid
waste dump sites
Reconstruction
• Rubble and ERW removal
• Heavy machinery for MOPWH
• Rubble and ERW removal
• Restoration of power lines
• Equipment for network repair
• Alternative temporary electricity
generation
• New supply line from Israel
• Restoring transmission system
• New storage facility
• Restore PWA/CMWU capacity
• Continued restoration of
temporary water provision
• Continued water provision to IDPs
• Rehabilitation of water and
• Restoration of PWA/CMWU
capacity
• Continued rehabilitation of water
and wastewater infrastructure
• Procurement of water from Israel
wastewater infrastructure
• Rehabilitation of solid waste
(15MCM/year)
disposal capacity
Housing and
Shelter
• Rental subsidy/host family
• Temporary shelter solutions for
those with uninhabitable housing
• Assessment and compensation
• Reconstruction of houses
• Repair of severely damaged
•
support for those with
uninhabitable housing
One-time household items
allowance for those with
uninhabitable housing
for repair of damaged houses
• Temporary location and furniture
for affected ministries
• Repairs of UNRWA installations
Public
Buildings
houses
• Reconstruction of 106 public
buildings
• Rehabilitation of lighting
• Rehabilitation of recreational sites
(parks, sports facilities)
• Road repair
Roads
• Initial limited operation of
Border
Crossings
crossings
Estimated Cost: $5m
TOTAL SECTOR
COST
• Environmental damage and
Environment
ESTIMATED
SUB-SECTOR
COST
• Rehabilitation of border crossings
hazardous waste management
assessment
Estimated Cost: $ 1m
$169m
$332m
$1.9b
$1,411m
54
4.3 Economic Sector
The private sector has a crucial role to play in Gaza’s early recovery and long-term economic growth. It will be the production
and trading source of materials and services needed by Gaza residents to feed and clothe their families, repair their homes,
and rebuild their lives. A stronger private sector can also generate more income-generation opportunities, whether through
employment in existing companies or industries immediately critical to Gaza’s recovery, including construction and agriculture.
In addition, Gaza has in the past demonstrated a high capacity for manufacturing and agricultural production in sectors such as
furniture, textiles, strawberries, and flowers, to name a few. This capacity suggests a great potential for Gaza to serve as a hub for
production of high quality goods and specialty services in the Middle East.
Therefore, rebuilding the private sector entails much more than rebuilding factories and farms damaged in recent years, and
much more than re-creating former linkages to past markets in traditional sectors. The economy in Gaza must be reconceived to
be better placed in responding to world market demands several years from now. This will require investment in a highly skilled,
modern work force, the technology and equipment to produce high quality goods and services that command competitive
prices, and an up-to-date and ever evolving understanding of the demands of world markets. The private sector must be ready
soon to take advantage of the opportunity to serve markets from which it has been effectively banned for many years.
4.3.1 Agriculture and Fishing Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$194m
$257m
$451m
Given the seasonal nature of agricultural production, farmers will need rapid assistance in repairing agricultural land, crops,
fruit trees, and livestock to restore their livelihoods and improve agricultural supplies to local markets. This will also be required
for fishermen. Detailed assessments will be undertaken to assess damages and understand losses. Compensation for losses is
expected to be a first step in early recovery.
55
Thereafter, Government will implement a series of interventions under the umbrella of an Agricultural Support Program (ASP). These
interventions will provide assistance to small farmers and households who have been affected by the assault on Gaza, including:
1. Assistance to farmers who own or lease lands that have been affected by the Israeli assaults. Affected farmers will be
supported by the provision of financing to procure needed greenhouse materials, water storage and drip irrigation systems,
and seed/plant stock. To the extent possible, agricultural inputs should be procured locally to help restore Gaza industries.
Repair or replacement of physical infrastructure of the agricultural sector will be needed.
2. Assistance to farmers and households who have lost livestock. ASP will provide financial assistance for these farmers to
rehabilitate their livelihood assets; procure livestock and repair their farms.
3. Assistance to fishermen to repair and/or replace their damaged equipment and boats.
ASP will provide an important source of economic security to disadvantaged women and youth.
4.3.2 Industry and Manufacturing Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$75m
$284m
$359m
The Government will work to support the industrial and manufacturing sector in rebuilding its capacity and strengthening its future productivity. All industrial firms reporting
damages will undergo a damage assessment that will certify the level of losses and
eligibility for assistance.
Compensation for production losses will be distributed as a first step in early recovery.
Thereafter the Government will implement a series of interventions under the umbrella of
an Industrial Repair Program (IRP). These interventions will rapidly respond to the severe
damage to the private sector and help jump-start the production cycle, including in the
food and construction sectors. These two industries are particularly critical. The food
industry can help provide food security to Gazan citizens, whilst construction firms must
be prepared to have an active role in the reconstruction efforts.
To be eligible for assistance, firms will need to show proven track records of production
in the past, that they are economically viable, or have the potential to resume operations
once equipment or physical infrastructure is restored.
The program will provide financial grants to firms to assist them to:
•
•
•
Renovate and/or reconstruct destroyed business premises and facilities. Such premises have to be either owned by the applicant or
leased for a minimum of one year from the application date.
Repair or replace equipment in damaged factories and firms that have lost their core production equipment.
Acquire office equipment, such as computers, telephones, fax machines, and furniture, to continue their operations.
The implementation approach will stress the importance of job creation not only at the beneficiary level but at the suppliers and service
providers end as well. A cost-sharing mechanism by the firms will be encouraged.
The Government is exploring options to support the relocation of destroyed factories to the GIE, pending the immediate repair of
damaged infrastructure of the industrial estate. Preliminary analysis suggest that also scope for expanding the GIE by 50 percent to
accommodate these relocations.
56
4.3.3 Trade and services Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$130m
$77m
$207m
Similarly to industrial firms, all trade and services firms reporting damages will undergo a damage assessment that will certify the
level of losses and eligibility for assistance.
Compensation for production losses will be distributed as a first step in early recovery.
Thereafter, the Government will implement a series of interventions under the umbrella of a Commercial and Services
Rehabilitation Program (CSRP). The CSRP will provide cash grants to micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSME) who have
been affected by the assault. Co-ordinated interventions will offer commercial MSMEs (e.g. vendors, and small workshops) cash
grants to repair damages in their facilities, replenish their lost stocks, and resume their businesses. The program will also identify
damages in the services sector (e.g. hotels, restaurants, and ICT firms) and provide grants to damaged enterprises to repair
and furnish their facilities and get back to work. If needed, businesses will then be connected to financial institutions (such as
microfinance institutions) that work in Gaza in order to ensure access to finance for future needs.
The program will be implemented in a phased approach and payments will be done on installments to ensure that the businesses
have actually fulfilled their commitments in terms of repairing their facilities and procured goods and / or productive assets.
4.3.4 Employment and Livelihood Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$62m
$7m
$69m
Unemployment has increased from the pre-assault 45 percent, as a result of damage to industries and commercial enterprises.
Job creation will stimulate early recovery both at the household level and in key private sector areas that can use manpower to
rehabilitate and re-activate their industries.
Cash-for-work (CFW) will be a key early recovery initiative, supporting other interventions, including repair and recovery, including
rubble removal for temporary housing, infrastructure works related to reconstruction, labor intensive road tiling, digging ditches
for water and wastewater pipes, and repairing industrial zones.
57
4.3.5 Facilitating Investment Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$20m
$130m
$150m
Availability of capital will be critical to the recovery and reconstruction efforts of the private sector. Recognizing the extreme
pressure that the assault has placed on private businesses, the Palestinian Monetary Authority (PMA) has already implemented
a scheme for deferral of repayment of existing loans. Looking forward, in addition to providing compensation and assistance
to the private sector, the Government, and the PMA will work with the banking sector to put in place appropriate financing
mechanisms to enable the private sector to access additional financing for the recovery and reconstruction efforts. Through
these mechanisms, the private sector should be able to secure increased access to working capital (for small repairs and
restocking of raw materials) as well as long-term capital (for rehabilitation and reconstruction of own capacity, but also for
development and delivery of reconstruction projects), at reduced interest rates. Alongside additional financing mechanisms,
options for affordable risk insurance for domestic businesses will be explored. These facilities will allow selected businesses to
leverage the compensation and assistance they receive to greater effect and at lower risk.
Alongside increased financing, the Government will deliver selected capacity development programs, to strengthen the likelihood
of success of reconstruction efforts by the private sector and drive increased profitability. These will include professional training,
improvement of management skills, marketing support, and awareness of financing strategies and options.
4.3.6 Summary of Interventions in Economic Sector
Sub-Sector
Agriculture
Industry and
Manufacturing
Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
• Detailed assessment of the agriculture sector
• Compensation for production, livestock
and fishing losses
• Restoration of farm land, fruits, and crops
• Restoration of livestock economy
• Rehabilitation of fishing equipment
• Reconstruction of agricultural infrastructure
and assets
• Continued restoration of fruits and crops
• Continued restoration of livestock economy
• Continued rehabilitation of fishing equipment
• Detailed assessment of damaged facilities
• Compensation for production losses
• Rehabilitation and reconstruction of 990
industrial facilities
• Rehabilitation and possible expansion of Gaza
Industrial Estate and other industrial zones
Trade and
Services
Employment
Facilitating
Private
Investment
• Detailed assessment of damaged facilities
• Compensation for losses
• Rehabilitation of some 3,400 commercial
establishments
• Rehabilitation of telecommunication
infrastructure
• Cash for work programs in support of
• Vocational training opportunities to improve
rehabilitation and reconstruction
(will remain ongoing for reconstruction
period also)
• Financing facility for repairs and restarting of
operations
ESTIMATED
SUB-SECTOR
COST
TOTAL SECTOR
COST
• Reconstruction of some 800 commercial
establishments
• Rehabilitation of tourism facilities
$481m
employment opportunities
Estimated Cost: $7m
•
Expanded range of financing facilities for
investment
• Expansion of risk guarantees for domestic firms
• Capacity building
$754m
$1.2b
58
4.4 Governance Sector
The consolidation of the public administration in Gaza is both a means and an end. In the short-term, the implementation of the
recovery and reconstruction plan can only be achieved by restoring and maintaining the existing operational capacity of central
and local government institutions, under the authority of the Government. These operational capacities are absolutely vital to
the implementation of the recovery and reconstruction plan as a whole, and thus constitute an overall recovery foundation.
Within an overall climate of a fragile security situation, stability can be undermined easily. Early recovery and reconstruction
will quickly lose traction if a security vacuum is allowed to take hold in Gaza. Preventing a security vacuum will require the
maintenance of law and order under the authority of the Government by reintroducing civil police under a unified command.
Maintaining and expanding the operational capacity of the Government will need to go hand in hand with the reconstruction
of destroyed and damaged infrastructure for Government institutions.
4.4.1 Operational Capacity of Central Government Institutions Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$113m
-
$113m
To boost existing operational capacities of government institutions in Gaza for recovery and reconstruction, the
Government aims at reintegrating existing civil servants, hired before June 2007 into Government institutions,
streamlining the civil service, and fully harmonizing these institutions with national institutions.
The National Consensus Government has established a Legal and Administrative Committee to explore options and
scenarios for consolidating the civil service and determining the status of the civil personnel engaged by the previous
de facto authority in Gaza. This committee was established in early June and originally mandated for four months. Due
to the political and security situation in Gaza, the work of the committee has been stalled since early July. A Higher
Security Committee will be established by the President that will discuss the options for the security apparatus.
59
The work of these committees will need to explore options for affected personnel, including the options for early
retirement, retraining, and job placement in the private sector or with non-governmental service providers. At the
same time, the consolidation process needs to take into account the existing civil servants in Gaza who have not been
on active duty for the past seven years and might require renewed training and capacity development to fulfill their
functions. The consolidation process will need to be guided by available fiscal resources and real needs on the ground
in each sector.
The reconsolidation of the public administration, however, will not be completed by harmonizing civil servants in
Gaza and the West Bank. Beyond civil servants, the Government will implement an action plan for national institutional
reintegration and for harmonizing the administrative legal framework. In doing so, the National Consensus Government
will adopt a sequenced approach and prioritize sectors crucial for service delivery, which simultaneously also contain
the largest number of personnel.
Reintegrating the rule of law system is important for functional social and economic ties between the West Bank and
Gaza. A functioning public administration furthermore requires freedom of movement within the country, which
includes the ability to meet in person by traveling between the West Bank and Gaza, which under the Oslo Accords
constitute a “single territorial unit”.
The consolidation of the public administration will not only cement the National Consensus Government but will also
improve fiscal sustainability and effective service delivery for recovery, reconstruction, and longer-term development.
However, this consolidation cannot be implemented overnight and will take several months.
In the meantime, the smooth operation of central government institutions in Gaza needs to be safeguarded. During
such a transition period, until the Legal and Administrative Committee concludes its works, it is essential that civil
personnel engaged by the previous de facto authority receive compensation in the form of social allowances for six
months under a temporary mechanism, outside the government budget, enabling them to concentrate on their work
while they and their families are provided for. This assumes that in parallel the Legal and Administrative Committee is
able to assume its work aimed at resolving the status of this group and consolidating the civil service.
This requires support to the Legal and Administrative Committee in defining a mechanism for expedited steps,
sequenced by priority sectors, towards the consolidation of civil servants, institutions and applicable legal frameworks.
Once the mechanism has been elaborated, its implementation will also require initial funding to accommodate and
retrain civil servants for resuming their positions.
4.4.2 Operational Capacity of Local Government Institutions Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$31m
-
$31m
In order to restore and maintain the operational capacity of local government units in Gaza for recovery and reconstruction tasks,
the Government seeks immediate exceptional supplementary funding for municipal personnel for a period of six months. Fuel
and office supplies will also be provided.
Restoring physical infrastructure and equipment for municipalities will be equally important in order to allow municipalities to
provide regular services, and support their role in the recovery and reconstruction effort.
60
4.4.3 Rule of Law and Human Rights Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$1m
$6m
$7m
The request for allowances to civil personnel above also includes personnel of the courts system.
This needs to be complemented by support to legal assistance to vulnerable groups, including IDPs and the bereaved, particularly
women and children. In this regard, immediate support needs to be provided to legal aid and arbitration for IDPs, while, in the
medium-term, the partially destroyed legal aid system needs to be rehabilitated.
Civil society organizations with a focus on human rights require support to monitor adherence to human rights principles within
the fragile rule of law setting in the aftermath of the war.
4.4.4 Implementation and Coordination Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
Total
-
$12m
$20m
$32m
The MOPWH, UNRWA, and UNDP will conduct cross-sectoral assessment of damages to infrastructure and buildings. Once
these assessments are done, the Government will use strategic spatial planning to build back better, particularly in residential
neighborhoods and community infrastructure. Spatial planning is most critical for the most affected localities, including
Shujaiyeh and Khuza’a.
To support this and other implementation management tasks for this Plan, the Government will scale up its capacity for
coordination, implementation, and monitoring of needs assessments and recovery and reconstruction interventions. Capacity
will also be needed to monitor arrangements for the import of building materials.
61
4.4.5 Summary of Interventions in Governance Sector
Sub-Sector
Public
Administration
Relief
Early Recovery
Reconstruction
• Provision of personnel allowances
•
under a temporary mechanism (6
months)
Reintegration of public
administration systems
Local
Governance
• Supplementary salaries for
municipal staff for 6 months
• Provision of fuel of office supplies
• Review of municipal functional
capacity
• Rehabilitation of municipality
buildings
• Replacement of destroyed
equipment and vehicles
Rule of Law and
Human Rights
• Investigation of violations of
•
Implementation
and
Coordination
International Humanitarian Law
and Human Rights
Legal aid and arbitration for IDPs
• Rehabilitation of legal aid clinics
and support to legal aid system
Estimated Cost: $1m
Estimated Cost: $6m
• Scaling up recovery and
• Scaling up recovery and
•
•
•
•
reconstruction implementation
capacity
Strategic spatial planning
Monitoring of building material
imports
Estimated cost: $12m
ESTIMATED
SUB-SECTOR
COST
$157m
TOTAL SECTOR
COST
$183m
reconstruction implementation
capacity
Strategic spatial planning
Monitoring of building material
imports
$26m
62
SECTION5
IMPLEMENTATION
ARRANGEMENTS
AND PERFORMANCE
MONITORING
This plan presents the blueprint and guiding framework for the relief, response
and recovery efforts in Gaza for 2014-2017. While international partners are kindly
requested to provide adequate funding, ultimate responsibility for the delivery of
the plan rests with the National Consensus Government, which will act as the
single address for all planning, implementation, and financing issues with respect
to the recovery and reconstruction of Gaza.
Detailed planning and active management of the recovery and reconstruction
process will be essential to ensure effective implementation. In this respect,
the mandate of the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee on Recovery and
Reconstruction will be extended to oversee the implementation of the Plan.
The Committee will be supported by a new Gaza Recovery and Reconstruction
Implementation Unit. An immediate priority for the Committee, the Government
and partners will be to complete the detailed damage assessments and develop
detailed implementation plans by sector and at the local level. These plans will
include clear objectives and targets, which will provide the basis for results based
management of the implementation process, which in turn will drive increased
accountability and successful delivery.
11.
22.
33.
44.
Government Leadership through the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee
Co-ordination with Partners
Gaza Recovery and Reconstruction Implementation Unit
Detailed Damage Assessments and Action Planning at Sector and
Municipality Level
63
64
SECTION 5: IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE MONITORING
5.1 Government Leadership through the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee
The development of the current plan was spearheaded by the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee on Recovery and Reconstruction,
headed by the Deputy Prime Minister. In order to facilitate continuity between the planning and implementation phases, the
mandate of the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee will be extended to cover implementation of the Plan.
The Committee will be responsible for setting priorities, approving the allocation of international and Governmental funding
against specified priorities, actively monitoring progress and reporting to Cabinet, and addressing implementation challenges
with national and international partners. Membership of the Committee will continue to comprise the Minister of Finance/
Planning; the Minister of Social Affairs/Agriculture; the Minister of Public Works and Housing; the Minister of Local Government;
the Head of the Palestinian Water Authority; and the Head of Energy and Natural Resources Authority.
During the implementation phase, a key area of attention for the Higher Committee will be the critical implementation
pre-requisites, which must be sustained in order for the Plan to be effective. In line with this, specific action plans will also
be developed for effective execution of the enablers, particularly with regard to movement and access. Should progress of
implementation on these issues stall, partners and the international community will be called upon to provide required support
to enable the facilitation of recovery and reconstruction.
5.2 Co-ordination with Partners
Whilst the Government will steer the recovery and reconstruction effort, the important contribution of the Government’s
national and international partners cannot be underestimated. The National Consensus Government will work in the spirit of
common purpose and coordinated action with all its partners - international donors, the private sector and civil society – to
restore stability and rebuild Gaza.
The Government will establish a Gaza Recovery and Reconstruction Advisory Board, which will include representatives of the
private sector, civil society, and key international partners. The Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee will meet with the Board on a
quarterly basis to share ideas and strategies with regard to the recovery and reconstruction efforts.
At the working level, existing mechanisms will be actively leveraged to ensure co-ordination with all partners in planning and
implementation. These include the Local Aid Co-ordination Secretariat (LACS), Sector Working Groups, and the humanitarian
clusters. The electronic aid information management platform DARP (Development Assistance and Reform Platform), housed
at the MOPAD, is expected to be the tool used to monitor financial assistance from donors against the plan. The tool will be
adapted to include a module specific to the Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for Gaza. All projects will be entered into
DARP by the Government and donors will be required to provide updates based on a pre-agreed schedule.
65
5.3 Gaza Recovery and Reconstruction Implementation Unit
Given the breadth and complexity of activities that will be required for the response –touching all sectors, all geographical areas,
and involving direct support to at least a quarter of the population - a new Implementation unit will be established to drive
implementation. The Unit will report to the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee and work closely with Government ministries
and agencies, as well as the international community, civil society, and private sector, to ensure the execution of the priority
recovery and reconstruction interventions in this Plan.
In the immediate period, the Unit will work to support ministries, agencies, and municipalities with effective prioritization,
detailed planning, and setting targets for the recovery and reconstruction efforts. Thereafter, the Unit will play an active role in
obtaining regular status reports on the priority interventions under the Plan from the ministries, identifying challenges in their
implementation, and strengthening co-ordination between sectors as well as ministries.
The Unit will provide monthly status reports to the Council of Ministers through the Inter-Ministerial Committee during the first
six months of recovery reconstruction, and move to a quarterly reporting basis in thereafter. The reports will focus on progress
of the most critical elements of the Plan and recommendations regarding accelerating implementation. The Unit will also work
with ministries and agencies to ensure that decisions from the Council of Ministers are rapidly implemented.
5.4 Detailed Damage Assessments and Action Planning at Sector and Municipality Level
This plan forms the skeleton of the recovery effort and is based on an initial assessment of the impact of the Israeli assault.
Effective implementation will require significant further work in terms of detailed diagnosis, planning, and programming of
specific response interventions in each sector.
Detailed Damage and Needs Assessments are currently underway through Government ministries and agencies,
overseen by the Technical Committee, and with the support of the UN, the World Bank, and the EU. These will form the
basis of detailed intervention planning for early recovery. The assessments will include baseline GIS data regarding all
facilities which were damaged.
Detailed Action Planning will follow the finalization of the damage assessments, and will be undertaken at the sector levels in
collaboration with national partners. It is expected that this process will validate many of the high level recommendations of this
report and develop them further into specific projects and interventions. It will also propose additional measures to respond to
the breadth of damage and needs as they become better understood.
The detailed action planning process will be completed in 2014. The output of this process will be a series of sector and
municipality action plans, which will be consolidated into a Recovery and Rehabilitation Implementation Strategy. This ongoing
planning process will not hinder on-going and immediate implementation of immediate humanitarian measures and early
recovery interventions. These will be ongoing throughout.
The sector plans and interventions will be underpinned by a clear Monitoring and Evaluation Framework, which will capture
goals, objectives, outputs and outcomes in each sector and intervention. These will also be linked to the budget and financial
inputs required for delivery.
Results monitoring at the sector level will be the primarily responsibility of line ministries/concerned budget entities, in
cooperation with national and international partners. MOPAD’s Monitoring and Evaluation department will compile sector level
data into quarterly monitoring reports of the Plan. Financial input and results reports will be accessible on the MOPAD website
and will be discussed by the Plan’s management structure as a tool for evidence-based decision making.
66
SECTION6
FINANCING
REQUIREMENTS AND
MECHANISMS
11. Overview of Current Fiscal Situation
22. Summary of Recovery and Reconstruction Costs
33. Financing Mechanisms
67
68
6.1 Overview of Current Fiscal Situation
The Palestinian Government has made significant and continued efforts to improve its fiscal performance through revenue
reforms and expenditure limitations. In 2013, on account of these measures, the fiscal deficit declined by 2.7 percentage points
to 13.9 percent of GDP. However, the Government’s fiscal position remains extremely fragile, highly reliant on donor support,
and highly dependent on economic and political relations with Israel. By the end of 2013 public debt, including arrears and
clearance revenue advances, had reached $4.6 billion, close to 40 percent of GDP.
The total budget for 2014 was $4.4 billion, comprising 92 percent recurrent and 8 percent development expenditure. Even before
the National Consensus Government was formed, expenses on Gaza comprised almost 40 percent of the budget, comprising
payments of salaries for public-sector workers; coverage of non-wage bill items like health referrals, medical supplies, and social
assistance; and coverage of fuel and net lending expenses for electricity and water. Disbursements amount to approximately
$120 million on a monthly basis or $1.44 billion annually.
2013 (Actual)
2014 (Projected)
% Change
USD m
USD m
%
Gross Revenues
2,687
2,923
9%
Total Net Revenues
2,443
2,752
13%
Total Expenditure and Net Lending
3,903
4,110
5%
Of which Gaza expenditure
1,440
1,440
-
Current Balance
(1,460)
(1,358)
-7%
Development Expenditures
197
316
60%
Total Balance
(1,657)
(1,674)
1%
In its September 2014 report to the AHLC, the IMF described the near-term fiscal outlook as challenging in any scenario, without
accounting for the spending needed for Gaza reconstruction. It forecasts a fiscal gap of approximately $350 million for 2014,
accounting for 16.5 percent of GDP, assuming that overall donor financing will reach $1.5 billion.
The July/August assault in Gaza has provided an unprecedented shock to the Government’s already strained budget position.
The National Consensus Government is faced with a recovery and reconstruction bill that is equivalent to the entire 2014 budget,
13 times the 2014 development budget, and over 20 times the 2013 development budget. In the absence of external support,
incurring the cost of reconstruction would imply not being able to meet recurrent expenditures in the West Bank and/or up to a
doubling of the existing public debt, neither of which is practically or politically possible.
Given the scale and urgency of the challenge, the Government has no choice but to reach out to the international community for
support with this momentous task.
The Government sees the investment in Gaza as an investment in stability and the viability of a future Palestinian state. Whilst Gaza’s
rebuilding will be costly in the short- to medium -term, the Government’s vision for Gaza is one of sustainability and self-sufficiency,
where Gaza is an integral driver of the Palestinian economy and where it contributes to the fiscal position of the Government.
69
6.2 Summary of Recovery and Reconstruction Costs
The total costs of the reconstruction effort are estimated at $4 billion, of which $414 million is required for immediate relief, $1.2
billion for early recovery, and $2.4 billion for the reconstruction of Gaza. Financing for the immediate relief and early recovery
phases is required immediately; financing for reconstruction projects will be required in 2015, 2016, and 2017.
Summary Costs by Sector and Sub-Sector
Social
Sector
Relief
Phase
(USD m)
Early
Recovery
Phase
(USD m)
Reconstruction
Phase
(USD m)
Total
(USD, m)
Social Protection
230
8
80
317
Health and Psychosocial Support
14
159
45
218
Education and Higher Education
1
45
75
121
Civil Society
0
4
41
45
245
215
241
701
Rubble & ERW
0
20
14
34
Energy
0
32
153
185
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
40
80
116
236
Housing and Shelter
129
143
910
1,182
Governmental Buildings and Other Public Infrastructure
0
51
97
149
Border Crossings
0
5
50
55
Roads
0
0
70
70
Environment
0
1
0
1
169
332
1,411
1,911
Agriculture
0
194
257
451
Industry and Manufacturing
0
75
284
359
Trade and Services
0
130
77
207
Employment
0
62
7
69
Promoting Investment
0
20
130
150
Sub-total
0
481
754
1,235
Operational Capacity of Central Gov. Institutions
0
113
0
113
Operational Capacity of Local Government Institutions
0
31
0
31
Rule of Law and Human Rights
0
1
6
7
Implementation and Coordination
0
12
20
32
Sub-total
0
157
26
183
414
1,184
2,432
4,030
Sub-Sector
Infrastructure & Environment
Sub-total
Governance
Economic
Sub-total
TOTAL
70
This Plan quantifies the direct costs of recovery and reconstruction, which are separate from existing commitments on
budget support to the Government. However continuation of existing budget support to the Government will be a
vital element for sustaining government functions in both Gaza and the West Bank, meeting the government’s existing
responsibilities to its employees and citizens, as well as providing the basis for recovery and reconstruction in Gaza. Budget
support will ensure continued provision of health and education services, purchases of electricity, fuel and water, as well
as maintaining social support.
Therefore, in addition to seeking financial support for the direct costs of recovery and reconstruction, the Government urges
donors to complete the budget support for 2014 and fund required budget support for the next three years. Without this, the
proper functioning of the National Consensus Government, as well as recovery and reconstruction in Gaza, will be impossible.
The impact of assault on budget support for the Government in 2015 and beyond is not yet clear. However, it is likely that the
additional burden that the assault has created for Gaza’s social support, education, and health services, amongst others, may
require an further increase in budget support beyond current levels and the costs already captured under the Recovery and
Reconstruction Plan. At least some of these costs should be outweighed by additional revenues from Gaza as the situation
stabilizes and the Gaza economy recovers, which are currently unaccounted for. The net impact of integrating Gaza fully into the
fiscal framework will become clearer with time, as the longer-term systemic impacts become evident.
At present, the total value of required budget support for the State of Palestine 2014-2017 has been estimated at $4.5 billion.
Budget support required
USD m
Budget support committed and but not disbursed in 2014
580
Budget support required for 2015-2017
3,924
Total Budget Support for Recovery and Reconstruction Period
4,504
71
6.3 Financing Mechanisms
Early recovery and reconstruction efforts must be guided by two pivotal principles: national ownership and rapid implementation.
Consideration for these two principles is also central to the financing mechanism proposed for the implementation of the Plan.
In line with the principle of ownership, the National Consensus Government has a strong preference for the utilization of the
Government’s Central Treasury Account (CTA) as the primary financing mechanism for the Recovery and Reconstruction of Gaza.
The CTA not only allows for implementing budget programs and receiving budget support, but has also been used to the full
satisfaction of the Government and donors alike for earmarked funding to specific programs and projects. The soundness of the
Government’s public financial management system and the CTA has been applauded by the International Finance Institutions
in past reports to the Ad Hoc Liaison Committee (AHLC).
However, recognizing the constraints of international organizations, the Government accepts that other financing mechanism
may be necessary to complement funding through Government channels in order to allow for rapid implementation.
Nevertheless, to serve the aim of efficiency and effective co-ordination, the Government urges donors to restrict this external
funding to the limited number of existing mechanisms that have been shown as effective and are believed to be sufficient for
an effective reconstruction effort. These are:
1.
2.
3.
UN Agencies: Direct funding can be provided to established UN agencies already working on the ground, including UNRWA
and UNDP, for a range of issues including support to the refugee population, ERW removal, and infrastructure development.
PEGASE: The “MécanismePalestino-Européen de Gestion et d’Aide Socio-économique” established by the European Union
can be used to enable support for the Palestinian Administration and Services, including salaries to staff; support to the
Social Protection System via cash transfers and other mechanisms, and support to private sector enterprises.
World Bank: Funding via the Palestinian Reform and Development Plan Multi-Donor Trust Fund (PRDP-MDTF) can be
channeled for budget support to drive the reform and institution building agenda; and via the Partnership for Infrastructure
Development Multi-Donor Trust Fund (PID-MDTF) for energy, water, sanitation, and urban development investments.
The private sector and NGOs are important implementing partners who are expected to receive funding via the above financing
channels. A more detailed mapping of the applicability of the different mechanisms to different subsectors is shown in Annex 1.
As for the Arab States, they can channel their support through the Islamic Development Bank, which in turn will utilize the above
financing mechanisms to deliver its support.
The use of alternative funding mechanisms should not undermine the Government’s leadership role on the reconstruction
effort. Therefore, the Inter-Ministerial Committee will serve as a Steering Committee for the recovery and reconstruction effort,
approving the allocation of funding for intervention programs, and ensuring coordinated implementation and overall financial
management of the Recovery and Reconstruction Plan.
72
Annex 1: Mapping of Financing Mechanisms
Government Donor Agencies
Social
xx Prioritized mechanism
x Alternative mechanism
Specialized
Central MDLF UNRWA
Treasury
(for refugees) UN
Agencies
Account
Social Protection
xx
xx
Health, Psycho-Social Care
xx
xx
Education and Higher Education
xx
xx
xx
(WFP,
UNDP,
UNICEF)
xx
(WHO,
UNFPA,
UNICEF)
xx
(UNICEF,
UNESCO)
Other
EU
(PEGASE)
World Bank
(incl. Infra.
Trust Fund)
NGOs
x
x
x
x
Civil Society, CBOs and FBOs
xx
Rubble & ERW
xx
xx
(UNDP,
UNMAS)
Energy
xx
x
x
Water, Sanitation & Hygiene
xx
x
x
x
Housing and Shelter
xx
xx
x
(UNHABITAT)
x
Governmental and Other Public
Infrastructure
xx
Border crossings
xx
Roads
x
x
x
Environment
xx
x
Agriculture
xx
x
(FAO)
Industry and Manufacturing
Trade and Services
xx
xx
Employment
xx
Facilitating Investment
xx
Public Administration
xx
Local Governance
xx
Infrastructure
Economic
Governance
xx
xx
xx
xx
x
(UNDP)
xx
x
xx
xx
x
x
x
x
x
(Banks)
xx
(UNDP)
xx
x
Rule of Law and Human Rights
x
xx
(UNDP)
Implementation and Co-ordination
xx
x
xx
x
x
xx
3
Maida› Mohammad Aslan, 45 Days, Central Gaza (Died of earlier injuries
suffered after the army bombarded her family home).
Mohammad ar-Roumy, Rafah (died at an Egyptian Hospital)
Ahmad Mohammad Atiyya al-Masri, 17, Deir al-Balah
Amani Abed al-Bakara, 35, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Mohammad Atiyya al-Masri, 14, Deir al-Balah.
Anwar Mustafa Za’anin, 17, Gaza.
Saqer Abdullah Reehan, 25, Northern Gaza.
Ehsan Hussein Kaware’, 24, Khan Younis.
Moath Azzam Abu Zeid, 37, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Nidal Badran, 34, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Tareq Ziad Abdullah, 25, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Abdul-Hakim Suleiman al-Masdar, 65, al-Maghazi, Central Gaza.
Moath Akram al-Masdar, 19, al-Maghazi, Central Gaza.
Aaya Nour ash-Sha’er, 13, Rafah.
Ibrahim Zoheir ad-Dawawsa, 10, Northern Gaza.
Mahmoud Mohammad Abu Haddaf, Khan Younis.
Suleiman Samir Abu Haddaf, Khan Younis.
Mahmoud Khaled Abu Haddaf., Khan Younis.
Ahmad Na’im ‘Okal, 22, Rafah.
Mohammad Jom’a Najjar, 32, Khan Younis. (Died Of His Wounds At
al-Maqassed Hospital in Jerusalem)
Nida Raed ‹Oleywa, 12, Gaza (Died Of Earlier Injuries)
Sha›ban Suleiman ad-Dahdouh, 24, Gaza. (Died on July 21, remains
located under rubble)
Dia’ ed-Deen Mohammad al-Madhoun, 23, Gaza.
Ahmad Banat, 22, Gaza.
Hamada Khalil al-Qaaq, Beit Lahia.
Ahmad Khaled al-Qaaq, Beit Lahia.
Suleiman Mohammad Ma’rouf, Beit Lahia.
Zaher al-Andah, Beit Lahia.
Abdul-Nasser al-Ajjoury, Beit Lahia.
Abdul-Hai Salama al-Qreinawi, 45, Gaza.
Mohammad Sabri Atallah, 21, Gaza.
Raghd Mas’oud, 7, Rafah.
Daniel Abdullah Abu Mansour, 44, Jabalia (Northern Gaza)
Abdul-Nasser Ajjouri, Jabalia. (Northern Gaza)
Ashraf Mashal, 25, Rafah.
Fadi Madhi, 23, Rafah.
Aseel Mohammad al-Bakri, 8, (Shati’ Refugee camp) Northern Gaza.
Saher Talal Abu Mohsen, 23, Rafah.
Aseel Saleh Hussein Abu Mohsen, 18, Rafah.
Ebtisam Hammad al-Mahmoum, 18, Rafah.
Hiba Mustafa al-Mahmoum, 7, Rafah.
Obada Mustafa al-Mahmoud, 3, Rafah.
Abdullah Hussein Mousa Mubarak, 50, Northern Gaza.
Mahmoud Zaki Lahham, 25, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Abdul-Halim Mohammad al-Astal, 26, Khan Younis.
Walid Darabiyyah, Northern Gaza.
Amro Mohjez, Northern Gaza.
Mohammad Saleh Shemaly, 60, Gaza.
Mohammad Fawzi Bhar, 22, Gaza.
Mohammad Hosni Sukkar, 20, Gaza.
Mohammad Amjad Awida’, age 12, Rafah.
Amal Amjad Awida’, age 5, Rafah.
Karam Mahrous Dahir, 24, Rafah.
Ibrahim al-Masharawi, 30, Gaza City.
Ebtisam al-Bakri, 38, Gaza City.
Mahmoud Zaki al-Laham, 25, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Abdel-Halim Mohammad al-Astal, 26, Khan Younis.
Fayez Ismail Abu Hamad, 34, Khan Younis.
Saleh Ahmad al-Ghouti, 22, Rafah
Fares Abu Jazar, 2, Rafah.
Maria Abu Jazar, 2, (Twins) Rafah.
Amani Abu Jazar, 23, Rafah.
Issa Sha’er, Rafah.
Saed Mahmoud al-Lahwani, Rafah.
Hatem Abdul-Rahman Wahdan, 50, Jabalia.
Seniora Wahdan, 27, Jabalia.
Jamila Jamal Wahdan, Jabalia.
Mohammad al-Hour, 30, Rafah.
Nasrallah al-Masry, Rafah.
Mohammad Ismael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Wael Ismael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Ismael Mohammad al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Ismael Wael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Khadra Khaled al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Asma’ Ismael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Malak Wael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Mustafa Wael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
Hanadi Ismael al-Ghoul, Rafah.
‘Atwa Suleiman Khattab, 64, Rafah.
Remas ‘Atwa al-›Attar (Khattab), Rafah.
Mohammad ‘Atwa Khattab, Rafah.
Suleiman ‘Atwa Khattab, Rafah
Nevin Suleiman Khattab, Rafah
Amira Ahmad Khattab
Rajab Abdul-Rahman Sharafi, 10, Jabalia
Mahmoud Abdullah Sharafi, 26, Jabalia
Najah Rajab Sharafi, 48, Jabalia
Turkiyya Mahmoud ‘Okal, 60, Rafah
Elham Mohammad Mahmoud ‘Okal, 34, Rafah
Mahmoud As’ad Mohammad ‘Okal, 18, Rafah
Mahmoud Mohammad Na’im ‘Okal, 10, Rafah
‹Ahed Badran, Northern Gaza.
Mohammad Abu Rajal, UN School, Rafah.
Sami Abdullah Qishta›, UN School, Rafah.
Sami Ismael Abu Shaouf, UN School, Rafah.
Ahmad Khaled Abu Harba›, UN School, Rafah.
Mohammad Mosa›ed Qishta›, UN School, Rafah.
Hazem Abdel-Baset Hilal, UN School, Rafah.
Amr Tariq Abu al-Rous, UN School, Rafah.
Ahmad Kamal al-Nahhal, UN School, Rafah.
Yousef Akram Skafi, UN School, Rafah.
Tareq Sa›id Abu al-Rous, UN School, Rafah.
Abdul-Karim Najm, northern Gaza.
Bilal Abdul-Karim Najm (son of Abdel-Karim) , northern Gaza.
Ahmad Abd‫ع‬l-Karim Najm (son of Abdel-Karim) , northern Gaza.
Raghd Najm, northern Gaza.
Soha Najm, northern Gaza.
Shimaa› Wael Qassim, northern Gaza.
Rowan Ahmed Majdalawi, 7 years old, northern Gaza.
Mohammad Ahmad Majdalawi, 6 years old, northern Gaza.
Ras Hadi Majdalawi , northern Gaza.
Mahmoud Abdel-Hadi Majdalawi , northern Gaza.
Abdullah Majdalawi, northern Gaza.
Khalil Mohammad Ramadan Abu Daba›a, 42, Rafah.
Munir Abu Daba›a, Rafah.
Qassim Mahmoud Qassim, 40, northern Gaza.
Mohammad Sa›dy Ahmad, 37, northern Gaza.
Ahmad Qassem, Beit Lahia.
Qassem Qassem, Beit Lahia.
Basil Walid at-Tala›a, 23, Nusseirat.
Abdullah Soheil Abu Shawish, 24, Nusseirat.
Haitham Yasser Abdel Wahab, 16, Rafah.
Mohamed Issa Ashaar, Rafah.
Hossam Yassin Abu Naqira, 20, Rafah.
Mousa Yasin Abu Naqira, his brother, Rafah.
Ola Bassam Al-Nairab, Rafah.
Arwa Mohamed al-Nairab, Rafah.
Fida Yousef Abu Suleiman, 23, Rafah.
Mariam Hasan Abu Jazzar, 60, Rafah.
Maha Raed Abu Suleiman, Rafah.
Mohammad Rami Abu Suleiman, Rafah.
Ahmad Rami Abu Suleiman, Rafah.
Lama Rami Abu Suleiman, Rafah.
Jana Rami Abu Suleiman, Rafah.
Mohammad Fouad Al-Dedda, 28, Jabalia.
Issa Saadi Ashaar, 40, Khan Younis.
Yasser Yousef Abu Dbagh, 20, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Amro Tareq Hasan Qandil, 17, Central Gaza
Wael Nihad Sayyed, 23, Central Gaza
Mohammad Taiseer Hasan Qandil, 20, Central Gaza.
Hamdi Mohammad Abdul-Aziz Ayyad, Gaza.
Shadi Hamdi Mohammad Ayyad, Gaza.
Sadia Abu Taha, 40 , Rafah.
Mohammed Abu Taha, 27, Rafah.
Youssef Abu Taha, Rafah.
Rezeq Abu Taha, two months, Rafah.
Yousef Daoud Abu Madi, 65, Nusseirat.
Hassan Yousef Abu Madi, Nusseirat.
Karim Yousef Abu Madi 24, Nusseirat.
Amin Yousef Abu Madi, 5, Nusseirat.
Muhammad Hassan Qeshta, Rafah.
Ahmed Shtewi Qeshta, Rafah.
Yahya al-Nems, Rafah.
Hazem al-Nems , Rafah.
Mohammad al-Nems, Rafah.
Osama Abu Nakirah, Rafah.
Mousa Mohammad Ahmad Abu Rajila, 25, Rafah.
Salma Suleiman Mohammad Radwan, 86, Rafah.
Ibrahim Abdel-Hakim Daoud al-Zaqzouq, 22, Rafah.
Mohammad Foaz Ibrahim Abu Rajilah, 26, Rafah.
Hazim Khaled Abdel-Maadi Awda›, Rafah.
Hathifa Abu Teir, Gaza City.
Nabil al-Najjar, Gaza City.
Kamal Abu Teir, Gaza City.
Ahmad Abu Teir, Gaza City.
Yahya Jamal Musa Shabat, 29, Gaza City.
Abdul-Malek Abdul-Salam al-Farra, 58, Khan Younis.
Osama Abdul-Malek al-Farra, 34, Khan Younis.
Emad Abdul-Hafeth al-Farra, 28, Khan Younis.
Awatef Ezzeddin al-Farra, 29, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Mahmoud al-Farra, 12, Khan Younis.
Lojein Bassem al-Farra, 4, Khan Younis.
Yara Abdul-Salam al-Farra, 8, Khan Younis.
Nadine Mahmoud al-Farra, Khan Younis.
Abdullah Awad al-Breem, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Suleiman al-Breem, Khan Younis.
Maisoun Ra’fat al-Breem, Khan Younis.
Raed Abdul-Latif al-Qarra, Khan Younis.
Sami Suleiman al-Madani, Khan Younis.
Husam Suleiman al-Madani, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Salim Abdin, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Ahmad Hamad, Khan Younis.
Mousa Hamad Abu ‘Amran, Khan Younis.
Hilal Eid Abu ‘Amran, Khan Younis.
Ismael Zuheir Mohammadein, 26, Khan Younis.
Maher Ja’far Hajjaj, 54, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Mohammad Hassanein, Gaza.
Basil Diab al-Basyouni.
Shadi Mohammad Jom’a Abu Daher, 29, Khan Younis.
Hasan Abdul-Majid al-Bayyoumi, Deir al-Balah.
Mohammad Reziq Hassanein, 20, Shuja›eyya, Gaza.
Ibrahim Sulayman Al-Masri, 50 yrs, Rafah.
Nadia Yousef Al-Masri, 45 years, Rafah.
Ibrahim Al-Masri, 6 years, Rafah.
Mohamed Anas Arafat, 4 months, Rafah.
Anas Ibrahim Hamad, 5 years, Rafah.
Sabri Shaykh Al-Eid, 35 years, Rafah.
Mohammed Khalid Al-Aloul, 30 years, Rafah.
Ibrahim Mostafa Ghaneem, Rafah.
Amna Azamaly, Rafah.
Yahya Abd Al-Karim Lafi, Rafah.
Musa Mohamed Abu Omran, Rafah.
Hilal Eid Abu Omran, Rafah.
Salama Mohamed Al-Zamaly, Rafah.
Nuha Jamal Abu Ziyada, Rafah.
Taiseer Ali Moamir› , Rafah.
Hussein Salaam Al-Jaafari, Rafah.
Yousra Mohamed Abu Hazir, Rafah.
Ataf Hamad Al-Mahmoum, Rafah.
Mousa Ibrahim Abu Hazir, Rafah.
Ahmed Wisam Al-Abeed, 4 years, Central Gaza.
Souad Ali Al-Bahri, 60 years, Beit Lahia.
Samal Nail Al-Barawi, 8 months, Beit Lahia.
Osama Abdul-Malik Abu Mualla, 37 years, Nuseirat
Atif Sohail Kandil 24 years, Maghazi
Nihad Mohammed Yasin 24 years, Gaza City
Faiz Tareq Yassin 16 years, Gaza City
Hassan Ismail Yassin, 32 years old, Gaza City.
Ambulance officer Atef Zamili, Rafah.
pathologist Joseph Jameen Sheikh Eid, Rafah.
ambulance volunteer Yousef Jaber Drabiah, Rafah
Wajih Sha›ath, Khan Younis.
Fadi Al-Qawasmi , Khan Younis.
Ali Barbakh , Khan Younis.
Aseel Sha’ban Gheith, 3, Rafah.
Sufian Farouq Gheith, 35, Rafah.
Farouq Gheith, 65, Rafah.
Ahlam No’man Zo’rob, 18, Rafah.
Sabiha Zo’rob, 55, Rafah.
Amir Ra’fat Zo’rob, 7, Rafah.
Odai Ra’fat Zo’rob, 7, Rafah.
Rawan Nath’at Siyam, 12, Rafah.
Su’ad No’man Zo’rob, 34, Rafat.
Shahd Ra’fat Zo’rob, 10, Rafah.
Khaled Ra’fat Zo’rob, 8, Rafah.
Suleiman Baraka, 31, Gaza.
Aref Baraka, 58, Gaza.
Ahmed al-Loah, 22, Gaza.
Baraa› Yousef, 19. Gaza.
Maha Abdul-Nabi Salim Abu Hilal, Rafah.
Majdi Mohammad Ahmad Fseifis, 34, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Juma’ an-Najjar, 32, Khan Younis.
Hani Abdullah Abu Mustafa, Khan Younis.
Hanan Yusef Abu T›aima, Khan Younis.
Mahar an-Najjar, Khan Younis.
Mahmoud Fouad an-Najjar, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Daher, Gaza.
Fadel Nader Almeghari, 27, Rafah.
Mahdiyya Suleiman Omar Abu Louly, 58, Khan Younis.
Tha›er Naji al-Amour, 22, Khan Younis.
Mohammed Yousef Al-Abadla, 21, Khan Younis.
Abdullah abu Shabab 20, Khan Younis.
Alaa› ‹Alweh 22, Khan Younis.
Ahmed Salim Abdin , Khan Younis.
Mohamed Ahmed Hamad, Khan Younis.
Atiyyeh Salameh al-Hashash, 68, Rafah.
Hamza Fa›ek Ahmad al-Haddad, 20, , eastern Gaza City.
Ibrahim Asa›ad Ahmad al-Haddad, 21, eastern Gaza City.
Mohammad Ammar Sharaf, 10, Gaza City.
Mohammed Ra›fat Na›eem, Gaza Old City.
Husam Ra’fat Na›eem, Gaza Old City.
Kamal Abdul-karim al-Louh, 32, Deir al-Bala.
Ibrahim Abdul-karim al-Louh, 29, Deir al-Bala.
Khaled Nasr al-Louh, 46, Deir al-Bala.
Amaal Abdul-karim al-Masri, 48, Deir al-Bala.
Ilham Yahya al-Louh, 27, Deir al-Bala.
Samih Kamal Abu al-Kheir, 63, Khan Younis.
Othman Fawzi ‘Abdeen, 17, Khan Younis.
Siham al-Ham, Khan Younis, Nusseirat.
Mohammad Adel Ashour, Nusseirat.
Renad Ashraf Ashour, Nusseirat.
Abeer Nahed al-‘Ata, Nusseirat.
Naima Darwish Abu Shouq, Nusseirat.
Zaher Tawfiq Abu Maktoum, Nusseirat.
Ama’ Rafat al-‘Asa, Nusseirat.
Hasan Nassr Zaqqout, Nusseirat.
Labibeh Abu Shouqa, 23, Nusseirat.
Ahmad Mohammad Yassin al-Majayda, Khan Younis.
Ali Mahmoud al-Astal, 23, Khan Younis.
Khaled Salim al-Astal, 26, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Salim al-Astal, 26, Khan Younis.
Ramzi Ibrahim al-Astal, 21, Khan Younis.
Odah Ahmad al-Astal, 25, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Mahmoud Suleiman al-Astal, 26, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Ibrahim Ali al-Astal, Khan Younis.
Khalil Ibrahim Ali al-Astal, Khan Younis.
Ezzedddin Jabr Mohammad al-Astal, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Mahmoud al-Astal, Khan Younis
Mohammad Abdul-Sattar al-Abadla, 21, Khan Younis.
Fahd Mahmoud Jaber al-Agha, 23, Khan Younis.
Asma’ Abu al-Kaas, 16, al-Boreij, Central Gaza.
Walid Shihda Marzouq Moammar, 51, Rafah.
Sojoud Abdul-Hakim Oleyyan, 11, Gaza.
Issam Jaber al-Khatib, Jabalia.
Sa’id Abu Jalala, Jabalia.
Taiseer Hammad, Jabalia.
Lu’ay al-Feery, Jabalia.
Bassem Khaled Najjar, Jabalia.
Tha’er Khaled Najjar, Jabalia.
Osama Mohammad Sohweil, Jabalia.
Bilal Midhat al-‘Amoudi, Jabalia.
Abdullah Midhat al-‘Amoudi, Jabalia.
Mohammad Mousa Ghaban, Jabalia.
Ramadan Khader Salman, Jabalia.
Alaa› Khader Salman, Jabalia.
Ali Ahmad Shaheen, Jabalia.
Rami Barakat, Jabalia.
Adel Mohammad Abu Qamar Jabalia.
Mohammad Ezzat Abu Sweireh, 34, Central District.
Hussein Mohammad Abu Rezeq, 36, Rafah.
‹Aed Zaqqout, Gaza City (coach of Palestine National Football Team)
Abdul-Aziz Hosni Abu Hajras, 23, Khan Younis.
Omar Awad al-Breem, Khan Younis.
Kamal Ahmad Al-Breem, 57, Khan Younis.
Jihad Salah Mohammed al-Breem, 28, Khan Younis.
Mariam Ahmad Hejazi, Khan Younis.
Salah Hejazi, Khan Younis.
Sabha Ibrahim Hejazi, Khan Younis.
Ibrahim Mousa al-Ghalban, Khan Younis.
Ismael Mahmoud al-Ghalban, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Suleiman Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Marwa Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Marah Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Yasser Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Mona Hajjaj Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Jihad Salah Mohammad Al-Breem, 25, Khan Younis.
Zeinab Abu Jazar, Khan Younis.
Maisara Mohammad at-Ta’ban, 35, Deir al-Balah.
Iftikhar Mohammad Shahin (Abu Zrei’ey) 50.
Odai Yahia Zaki Abu Jneid, 19, Beit Lahia.
Abdul-Jalil Mohammad Kamel Abu Shodoq, 35, Beit Lahia.
Jamal Shihda Abu Shodoq, 40, Beit Lahia.
Jamalat Mahmoud Dheir, Khan Younis.
Salama Mahmoud Dheir, Khan Younis.
Mahmoud Salama Mahmoud Dheir, Khan Younis.
Yamen Omar Salama Mahmoud Dheir, Khan Younis.
Shorouq Mahmoud Dheir, Khan Younis.
Arwa Mahmoud Dheir, Khan Younis.
Ramadan Mohammad Abu Jazar, Khan Younis.
Ali Ahmad Shahin, Gaza.
Taiseer Sababa, 22, Beit Lahia.
Ammar Suleiman Ali al-Masdar, 31, Gaza.
Hamza Yasser Mohammad Mheisin, 23, Gaza.
Wisam Dardouna, Beit Lahia.
Anwar ‘Adel Abu Nasr, 20, Khan Younis.
Ismael Walid Abu Nasr, 18. Khan Younis.
Ahmad Khalil Abu ‘Anza, 32, Khan Younis.
Shadi Abdullah Abu ‘Anza, 38, Khan Younis.
Ali Mahmoud Abu ‘Anza, 27, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Abdullah Abu ‘Anza, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Suleiman Baraka, Khan Younis.
Mustafa Ahmad Abu Jalala, Beit Lahia.
Husam Mohammad an-Najjar, northern Gaza
Sha›aban Abdul-aziz al-Jamal, northern Gaza
Alaa› Joudy Khader, northern Gaza
Mohammed Mazen Moussa Foda, Sheja’eyya
Ahmad Abdulkarim Hannoun , Sheja’eyya
Saadi Saadi Faraj , Sheja’eyya
Hussein Saeed Kar›re›ra , Sheja’eyya
Hamdi Sadi Abu Zour , Sheja’eyya
Abdulkarim Hussein El-Selk , Sheja’eyya
Aahed Ziad Al Gharabli , Sheja’eyya
Abdulaziz Ibrahim El-Beltagy , Sheja’eyya
Lena Ala›a El-Selk , Sheja’eyya
Abdulaziz Mohammed El-Selk , Sheja’eyya
Abdel Halim Mohammed El-Selk , Sheja’eyya
Moataz Bassam Deeb , Sheja’eyya
Mahmoud Mohamed Ragab , Sheja’eyya
Moaaz Khaled Tayeh , Sheja’eyya
Malak Jalal El-Selk , Sheja’eyya
Amina Mohammed El-Selk , Sheja’eyya
Layan Nael El-Selk, Sheja’eyya
Abdullah Fayez Fayad 23, Gaza City
Suhaib Salleh Salama 23, Gaza City
Ibrahim Yusuf al-Astal 35, Gaza City
Aassem Ahmed Baraka 25, Khan Younis.
Mayar Jamal Abu musbeh, 9 yrs, Deir al-Balah
Mohammad Tayseer Abu Hazaa›, 25, Deir al-Balah
Naji Ahmad al-Raqqab, 19, Khan Younis.
Ramy Khaled al-Raqqab, 35, Khan Younis.
Mahmoud Osama al-Qosas, Khan Younis.
Shadi Abd al-Kareem Farwana, Khan Younis.
Mustafa Abd al-Samiee al-Ubadala, Khan Younis.
Yahiya Mohammad Abdullah al-Aqqad, 49, Khan Younis.
Yusef Emad Qaddoura, child, Jabalia.
Huna Emad Qaddoura, child, Jabalia.
Mohammad Musa Alwan, child, Jabalia.
Mariam Khalil Ruba, 70, Jabalia.
Hani Abu Khalifa, Jabalia.
Soheila al-›Ejel, 70, Gaza City.
Mo›nes Ahmad, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Ezzat Dheir, 23, Rafah.
Turkeyya Dheir, 80, Rafah.
Yasmeen Dheir, 25, Rafah.
Mary Dheir, 12, Rafah.
Tasneem Dheir, 8, Rafah.
Soheil Hasan Nassar, Beit Lahia.
Anis Abu Shammala, Al-Boreij (Mayor).
Ayman Samir Qeshta, 30, Rafah.
Ismael Shahin, 27, Rafah.
Baha’ ed-Deen al-Gharib, Rafah.
Ola Baha’ ed-Deen al-Gharib, Rafah.
Tahrir Nasr Jaber, 15, Northern Gaza.
Mohammad Ata Najjar, 2, Khan Younis.
Rafif Ata Najjar, 3, Khan Younis.
Baha› ed-Deen Khatib, (Journalist), Rafah.
‹Ola Baha› ed-Deen Khatib, Rafah.
Waddah Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Suleiman Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Mohammed Ahmad Abu Amer, Khan Younis.
Marwa Ahmad Abu Amer , Khan Younis.
Marah Ahmad Abu Amer , Khan Younis.
Yasser Ahmad Abu Amer , Khan Younis.
Moha Hajjaj Abu Amer , Khan Younis.
Mos›ab Ahmad Sweih, 17, Gaza.
Nariman Khalil al-Agha, 39, Gaza.
Ali Mohammad Abu Ma›rouf, 23, Gaza.
Dr. Bashir al-Hajjar, northern Gaza.
Samir al-Hajjar, northern Gaza.
Hana’ Na’im Balata, Jabalia.
Doa’ Na’im Balata, Jabalia.
Esra’ Na’im Balata, Jabalia.
Mariam Na’im Balata, Jabalia.
Yahia Na’im Balata, Jabalia.
Sahar Motawe’ Balata, Jabalia.
Naim Nathmi, Jabalia.
Zaher Ahmad Najjar, 6, Khan Younis
Suleiman Mos›ad Barham al-Hishash, 30, Rafah.
Jamal Ramadan Lafi, 50, Rafah.
Karam Abu Zeid, 1.
Samih Jebriel Jneid, 4, Jabalia.
Mohammad Abu Louz, 22, Jabalia.
Ahmad Abdullah Hasan Abu Zeid, Rafah.
Widad Ahmad Salama Abu Zeid, Rafah.
Sham›a Wael Abu Zeid, Rafah.
Mariam Marzouq Abu Zeid, Rafah.
Falasteen Mohammad Abu Zeid, Rafah.
Abdullah Nidal Abu Zeid (child), Rafah.
Bissan Eyad Abu Zeid, Rafah.
Abdul-Hadi Abu Zeid (Child9, Rafah.
Seham Najjar, 42, Khan Younis.
Abdul-Samad Mahmoud Ahmad Ramadan, 16, Central District.
Ayman Adnan Mousa Shaker, 25, Central District.
Issa Kamel Abdul-Rahman Mousa, 61, Central District.
Salem Mousa Badawi al-Far, 59, Central District.
Ramzi Hussein Ahmad al-Far, Central District.
Salem Mohammad al-Far, Central District.
Azza Abdul-Karim Abdul-Rahman Al-Faleet, 59, Central District.
Mohammad Jom’a Shaat, 30, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Fadel al-‘Agha, 30, Khan Younis.
Marwa Nader al-Agha, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Nader Al-Agha, Khan Younis.
Donia Nader al-Agha, 13, Khan Younis.
Ikram ash-Shinbari, 23, Gaza City, died of earlier injuries.
Yusef Jamil Sobhi Hammouda, 16, Gaza City, died of earlier injuries.
Ibrahim Khalil ad-Derawi, 27, central District.
Ala Nahedh Matar, 26, central District.
Hazem Fayez Abu Shammala, 33, central District
Issam Abdul-Karim Abu Sa’ada, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Abu Sweirej, 23, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Mohammad Abu Haroun, 29, Nusseirat, Central Gaza.
Fadi Baraka, Gaza, child, died of earlier injuries.
Baha’ ed-Deen Ahmad Sa’id, al-Maghazi, died of earlier injuries.
Yousef Abed Shehada al-Masri, 24, Shuja›eyya, Gaza.
Khaled Abdul-Sattar Samhoud, Khan Younis.
Jalila Faraj Ayyad, Gaza City.
Essam Ibrahim Abu Shab 42.
Mohammad Siyam, 15, Rafah.
Hussein Hasan Abu an-Naja, 65, Khan Younis.
Imad Jami al-Abed al-Bardaweel, 44, Gaza.
Husam Abdul-Ghani Yassin, 17, Gaza.
Ismael Abdul-Qader al-Kojok, 54, Gaza.
Mohammad Said Hosni as-Saqqa, 20, Gaza.
Islam Ibrahim an-Naji, 19. Gaza.
Mohammad Ahmad Matar al-Abadla, 32, Gaza.
Yosra Salem Hasan al-Breem, 56, Gaza.
Mohammad Khalil Mohammad al-Breem, Gaza.
Ibrahim Salman Qabalan, 34.
Mohammad Ahmad Abu Wadia, 19, Gaza.
Abdullah ‘Ayesh Salam Ermeilat, 39, Deir al-Balah.
Eman Hasan ar-Roqab, Khan Younis.
Bara› Mahmoud ar-Roqab, 11, Khan Younis.
Khalil Mohammad an-Najjar, 59, Khan Younis.
Jona an-Najjar, Khan Younis.
Ekhlas Najjar, Khan Younis.
Amna an-Najjar, Khan Younis.
Majed Sameer an-Najjar, 19, Khan Younis.
Ghalia Mohammed an-Najjar, 56, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Khaled Mohammad an-Najjar,14, Khan Younis.
Eman Salah Mahmoud an-Najjar, 23, Khan Younis.
Sumayya Harb Yousef an-Najjar, 50, Khan Younis.
Kifah Samir Hasan an-Najjar 23, Khan Younis.
Rawan Khaled Mohammad an-Najjar, 17, Khan Younis.
Husam Hussein an-Najjar, 7, Khan Younis.
Samir Hussein an-Najjar, 2, Khan Younis.
Moa’taz Hussein Samir an-Najjar, 6, Khan Younis.
Ulfat Hussein Samir an-Najjar, 4, Khan Younis.
Ikhlas Sameer Hussein Abu Shahla, 30, Khan Younis.
Amir Hammoudeh Khaled Abu Shahla, 3, Khan Younis.
Amira Hammoudeh Khaled Abu Shahla, 1, Khan Younis.
Islam Hammoudeh Abu Shahla, 4, Khan Younis.
Bassam Khaled Abu Shahla, 44, Khan Younis.
Riham Fayez al-Breem, 19
Fadel At-Tawaneh, Gaza City.
Arafat Salem Abu Oweily, 27, Central District.
Abdul-Rahman Ouda at-Tilbani, Central District.
Nidal Ahmad ‹Issa Abu al-›Asal, 27, Rafah.
Salim Salaam Abu ath-Thoum, 87, Rafah.
Naim Abdul Aziz Abu Zaher, 36, Deir al-Balah
Abdul-Hamid Mohammad Abdul-Hamid Al-Maghrabi, 31.
Abdul-Majeed Abdullah Abdul-Majeed al-A’ady, 36.
Hamad Mohammad Ala Sheikh Salim, 30.
Mohammad Rafiq Said al-Ayeer, 30.
‘Amro Abdul-Hakim as-Sheikh Khalil, 25.
Shadi Kamal Ramadan Yassin, 22.
Mohammad Issam Deeb Abu Dalfa, 25.
Walid Said Nassr al-Ijlah, 7.
Osama Issam Fawzi ‘Azzam, 23.
Abdullah Ibrahim Abdullah Abu Leila, 51.
Sami Fathi al-Ar-‘Eir, 49. .
Fathi Sami Fathi al-Ar-‘Eir, 20.
Abdul-Karim Ali Abu Shanab, 40, Deir al-Balah.
Aziza ‘Atiyeh Mohammad Abu Shanab, 77, Deir al-Balah.
Ahmad Walid Nasrallah Samour, Khan Younis.
Hasan Abdullah Mustafa al-Athanna, 59.
Hasan Zaki Hasan at-Tahrawy, 23.
Omar Ismail Ali Quz’aat, 18. .
Rami Faisal Matar as-Shishi, 31. .
Mohammad Abdul Hamid.
Ghassan Yousef Salem Abu Dabakh, Central District .
Khadra Ibrahim Salman Abu Bleimy, 55 .
Nour Mohammad Salameh Abu Dbagh, 13.
Ahmad Ramzi Mohammad Abu Qadoos, 13.
Maisara Anwar Suleiman dar-Azzeen, 6.
Mohammad Anwar Suleiman dar-Azzeen, 13.
Mohammad Abdul-Hamid Mohammad Shaat, 29.
Raja’ Hamad Mohammad ad-Daghme, 36.
Sami Abdullah Ahmad Judeh, 18.
Husam Abdul-Atif Raady, 42.
Mohammad Ibrahim Sobhi al-Arheir, 30.
Wala’ Mohammad Ali al-Qayedh, 15.
Isam Mohammad Saleh Shamaly, 29.
Mohammad Abdul-Nassar Ali Abu Zeina, 20.
Mosab Salah al-Aab Abu al-A’ata, 20.
Ibrahim Aish Abed Abu Ghneimah, 27.
Ismail Aish Abed Abu Ghneimah, 24.
Mohammad Ahmad Khaled Hassouneh, Rafah.
Mazin Adnan Salman Abdin, 25, Khan Younis.
Salah Eshtewy Ibrahim Adbin, 42, Khan Younis.
Mohammed Salameh Mohammed Abu Khousa, 75, northern Gaza (body
Salman Mohammed Ahmed Sama›na, 30, northern Gaza (body
Do›a› Sani Ibrahim Sama›na, 11, northern Gaza (body pulled from rubble).
Mohammed Sa›id Sha›ban Baba, 40, northern Gaza (body pulled
from rubble).
Ikram Ahmed Tawfiq al-Shanbari, 23, Beit Hanoun (body pulled
from rubble).
Sami Fathi Ahmed al-›Ar›ir, 50, Gaza City (body pulled from rubble).
Mohammed Rafiq Sa›id al-›Ar›ir, 30, Gaza City (body pulled from rubble).
Hassan Fathi Ahmad al-›Ar›ir, 39, Gaza City (body pulled from rubble).
‹Abdul Karim Fathi Ahmed al-›Ar›ir, 34, Gaza City (body pulled from rubble).
Fathi Sami Fathi al-›Ar›ir, 20, Gaza City (body pulled from rubble).
Khaled Yousef Mohammed Badwan, 48, Gaza City (body pulled from rubble).
Azmi Khaled Yousef Badwan, 16, Gaza City (body pulled from rubble).
‹Abdul Rahman Ziad Hassan Abu Hain, 28, Sheja›eyya (body pulled
from rubble).
Mohammed ‹Essam Dib Abu Balta, 28, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Mahmoud Ra›ed Mahmoud al-›Eish, 23, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Fadi ‹Abdul Qader ‹Abdul Malek Habib, 31, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Farid Abdul-Khader Abdul-Malik Habib, 38, Sheja›eyya (body pulled
from rubble).
Adham Majed Yousef Dhaher, 18, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Mohammad Mahmoud Rajab Hajjaj, 32, Sheja›eyya (body pulled
from rubble).
Mohammad Ahmed Kamel Abu al-›Ata, 32, Sheja›eyya (body pulled
from rubble).
Mohammad Mahmoud Sa›id Abu al-›Ata, 28, Sheja›eyya (body pulled
from rubble).
Mohammed Riad Sha›ban Shabet, 25, at-Tuffah.
Hisham Abdul-Karim Ahmad Abu Mour, Rafah.
Mohammad Ibrahim Ahmad az-Zweidi, 30, Beit Lahia.
Ala› Maher Juma› Tamtish, 19, Beit Lahia.
Abdul-Jawad Ali Abul-Jawad Al-Houm.
Ehab Sa›dy Mohammad Nassr, 22.
Mohammad Abdullah Hussein al-Jawajri.
Wisam Sofyan Omar al-Kilani, 27.
A›ed Mahmoud Ahmad al-Bura›i, 29, medic, Beit Hanoun.
Munther Talal Abdul-Karim Nassar, 33, northern Gaza.
Tamer Talal Abdul-Karim Nassar, 24.
Ala› Abdul-Rahman Mohammad Nassar, 25, northern Gaza.
Taher Ismail Abdul-Rahman Nassar, 18, northern Gaza.
Sharif Rafiq Mohammad al-Hamdin, 26, Gaza City.
Ala› Khaled Najib al-Yaziji, 21, Gaza City.
Jihad Mahmoud Hamed al-Hilu, 59, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Siham ‹Ata al-Hilu, 57, Sheja›eyya(body pulled from rubble).
Mohammad Jihad Mahmoud al-Hilu, 29, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Tahreer Jihad Mahmoud al-Hilu, 20, Sheja›eyya(body pulled from rubble).
Najiya Jihad Mahmoud al-Hilu, 15, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Ahmad Jihad Mahmoud al-Hilu, 27, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Hidaya Talal al-Hilu, 25, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Maram Ahmad Jihad al-Hilu, 2, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Abdul-Kareem Ahmad Jihad al-Hilu, 1, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Karam Ahmad Jihad al-Hilu, 5 months, Sheja›eyya (body pulled from rubble).
Ayman Anwar Salem Burai›em 39, central Gaza (died of earlier wounds)
Suleiman Zaki ‹Abdul Mawla al-Dardissi, 27, Khan Younis.(body
Ahmad Shawqi Mohammad Sa›ada, 37, Khan Younis.(body pulled
from rubble).
Mohammed Ibrahim Hamdan Abu T›aima, 25, Khan Younis.(body
Ra›ed Khalil Hamdan Abu T›aima, 33, Khan Younis.(body pulled
from rubble).
Mamdouh Mallahi Suleiman Abu Naja, 24, Khan Younis.(body pulled
from rubble).
Ayman Akram Ismail al-Ghalban, 22, Khan Younis.(body pulled from rubble).
Jihad Naji Abu ‹Aamer, 22, Khan Younis.(body pulled from rubble).
Rabah Rashed Mosallam Fayad, 40, Khan Younis.(body pulled from rubble).
Fadi Mahmoud Sa›d al-Masri, 22, Khan Younis.(body pulled from rubble).
Eyad Yousef al-Sadi, 24, Khan Younis.(body pulled from rubble).
Salem Mustafa al-Hadhidi, 18, Khan Younis.(body pulled from rubble).
Wassim Nasser ‹Abdu Shurrab, 22, Khan Younis.(body pulled from rubble).
‹Ali Mohammed ‹Ali al-Astal, 32, Khan Younis.(body pulled from rubble).
Fawzi Ahmad Abu Amsha, 67.
Na›ma Mohammad Hussein Abu Amsha, 64.
Wassim Salah Abu Riziq Al-Masri.
Saed Munir Shida Abu Khater, 19.
Amar Mustafa Rashid Hamdouna, 22.
Tariq Mohammad Moehsin al-Ajrami, 25.
Hamza Mazin Khalil Madhi, 23.
Ismail Younis Abdullah Khalla, 21.
Abdul-Rahman Yusef Ahmad Saadat, 24.
Khaled Abdullah Mahmoud Adwan, 30.
Osama Mohammad Nassr al-Kafarneh, 50.
Khaled ‹Ata Mohammad Abu Shehadeh, 23.
Hani ‹Adel Mohammad Abu Hashish, 23.
Mohammad Ahmad Abu Dawabe›, 19.
Mohammad Ali Khalil Saidam, 17.
Ibrahim Mohammad Awad Barak, 19.
Bilal Bassam Salem al-Masri, 21.
Anwar Abdul-Khader Hasan Younis, 2.
Arafat Salem Ahmad Abu Oweily, 27.
Mohammad Fayez Sha›ban al-Sharif, 23.
Mahmoud al-Sharif, 24, Central District
Hossam Mohammad Suleiman Abu Ghneifi, 18.
Ghassan Taher Suleiman Abu Kamil, 25.
Ismail Abdul-Jawad Ismail Abu Sa›ada, 26.
Mahmoud Riyadh Abdul-Khader Miq›dad, 22.
Mazin Yusef Suleiman Abu Joerban, 31.
Shaker Ahmad Shaker al-Jamal, 46.
Faisal Fa›eq al-At-Toame, 31.
Hazem Yusef Abdul-Rahman al-Moebid, 34.
Abdullah Nabil Abdul-Khader al-Batsh, 21.
Sharif Jalal Hasan al-Karshali, 27.
Mohammad Arafat Saleh Khalil al-Ghamare, 33.
Abdul-Raziq Shoeban Abed Ommar, 27.
Amjad Nahedh Ala› al-Sarefy, 22.
Adham Majed Yousef Daher, 18.
Hamza Hassan Mahmoud Halas, 25.
Ahmad Mousa Ahmad Ahl, 75.
Mohammad Hussein Hasan al-Nasri.
Mahmoud Husam Mohammad Mansour, 22.
Mosab Mustafa Rajeb Ali, 20.
Mo›amin Mustafa Mahmoud al-Kasha.
Eyas Ahmad Mohammad Abu Ouda, 28.
Nidal Khaled Mohammad Khalil, 20.
Nader Majdi Abdul-Rahman Qassim, 30.
Eman Ibrahim Suleiman al-Ghandour.
Salmad Hamad Salmad al-Amour, 32.
Rifat Nabil Ramadan Oweida, 27.
Ashraf Qassim Mansour Wafi, 25.
Baha Rafiq Oweida, 36.
Ahmad Barham Oleiman Abu Daqqa
Taysir Mohammad Aish an-Najjar
Maram Rajeh Fayyad, 26, Deir al-Balah
Shaima’ Hussein Abdul-Qadder Qannan (pregnant), 23, Gaza.
Abdul-Hadi Salah Abu Hasanen, 9, Rafah.
Hadi Salah ed-Deen Abu Hassanen, 12. Rafah.
Salah Ahmad Hassanen, 45, Rafah.
Abdul-Aziz Salah Ahmad Hassanen, 15, Rafah.
Abdul-Hadi Salam Ahmad Abu Hassanein, 9.Rafah.
Mohammad Ibrahim al-Khatib, 27, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Samir Najjar, 25, Khan Younis.
Rasmiyya Salama, 24, Khan Younis.
Suleiman ash-Shawwaf, 21, Khan Younis.
Rasha Abed-Rabbo ‘Affana, 28, northern Gaza.
Ali Mohammad Ali Asfour, 58, Khan Younis.
Eid Mohammad Abu Qteifan, 23, Deir al-Balah.
Eyad Nassr Sharab, 24, Khan Younis.
Najat Ibrahim Hamdan an-Najjar, 42, Khan Younis
Sharif Mohammad Salim Abu Hasan, 25, Khan Younis
Mohammad Khalil Hamad, 18, Khan Younis.
Mandouh Ibrahim ash-Shawaf, 25, Khan Younis.
Walid Sa’id al-Harazin, 5, Gaza
Tareq Ismail Ahmad Zahd, 22, Meghraqa, Central District
Salama Abu Kamil, 26. Meghraqa, Central District
Ahmad Mahdi Abu Zour, 25, Gaza
Naji Bassem Abu Ammouna, 25, Gaza
Imad Adnan Mohammad Abu Kamil, 20, Al-Meghraqa
Tamer Bassam Mohammad Abu Kamil, 19, Al-Meghraqa.
Mohammad Yassin Siyam, 29, Zeitoun - Gaza
Rami Mohammad Yassin, 24, Zeitoun, Gaza
Osama Salim Shaheen, 27, Khan Younis.
Hamada Suleiman Abu Younis, 25.
Mohammad Kamel an-Naqa, 34, Khan Younis.
Kamaal Kamel an-Naqa, 35, Khan Younis.
Yousef Kamal Mohammed al-Wasify, 26, Gaza City.
Mazin Abdeen, 23, Rafah.
Adnan Shahid Ashteiwi Abdeen, 35, Rafah.
Mohammad Abdel Nasser Abu Zina, 24, al-Zaitoun.
Abdul Majeed al-Eidi, 35, al-Zaitoun.
Mohammad Ahmed Abu Wadiya, 19, Gaza City.
Hani ‹Adel Abu Hassanein, 24, Gaza City.
Yassin Mustafa al-Astal, 38, Khan Younis.
Yosra Salem Hasan al-Breem, 65, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Issa Khaled Hajji, 24, Gaza City.
Hasan Hussein al-Howwari, 39, Gaza City.
Hosam Rabhi, Gaza City.
Hamed al-Bora›ey, a medic, Beit Hanoun.
Mohammad Matar al-›Abadla, 32, medic, Khuza›a, Khan Younis.
Husam Mohammad Najjar, Beit Lahia.
Sha’ban Abdul-Aziz al-Jamal, Beit Lahia.
Mohammad Wisam Dardouna, Beit Lahia.
Ala’ Joudy Khader, Beit Lahia.
Ahmad Rif’at Ar-Roqab, 23, Khan Younis.
Salman Salman al-Breem, 27, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Hasan Abdul-Qader al-Astal, 43, Khan Younis.
Ismael Mohammad al-Astal, 48, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Mohammad Ismael al-Astal, 20, Khan Younis.
Mahmoud Mohammad Ismael al-Astal, 19.
Mohammad Saleh Mohammad al-Astal, 18.
Malak Amin Ahmad al-Astal, 24, Khan Younis.
Tha’er Omran Khamis al-Astal, 30.
Milad Omran al-Astal, 29, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Omran Khamis al-Astal, 33, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Thaer Omran al-Astal, 33, Khan Younis.
Amin Thaer Omran al-Astal, 3 Khan Younis.
Nada Thaer Omran al-Astal, 5, Khan Younis.
Yazid Sa’dy Mustafa al-Batsh, 23, Gaza.
Ibrahim Abdullah Abu Aita, 67, Jabalia.
Ahmad Ibrahim Abdullah Abu Aita, 30, Jabalia.
Jamila Salim Abu Aita, 55, Jabalia.
Adham Ahmad Abu Aita, 4, Jabalia.
Mohammad Ibrahim Abu Aita, 32, Jabalia.
Khalil Nasser Aita Wishah, 21, Central District.
Ahmad Ibrahim Sa’ad al-Qar’an, 26, Central District.
Hadi Abdul-Hamid Abdul-Fatah Abdul Nabi, 3, Jabalia
Abdul-Hadi Abdul-Hamid Abdul Nabi, 2, Jabalia.
Abdul-Rahman Mahmoud Abdul-Fatah Abdul Nabi, 1, Jabalia.
Yahia Ibrahim Abu ‹Arbaid, Beit Hanoun
Mohammad Suleiman an-Najjar, Khuza›a, Khan Younis.
Bilal Zayad ‹Alwan, 20, Jabalia
Majed Mahmoud Mohammad Hamid, 28, Jabalia.
Mohammed Ibrahim Abu Daqqa, 42, Khuza›a, Khan Younis
Akram Ibrahim Abu Daqqa, 50, Khuza›a, Khan Younis.
Salameh al-Rade›a, toddler, northern Gaza.
Ismail Hassan Abu Rjeila, 75, Khan Younis.
Nafeth Suleiman Qdeih, 45, Khan Younis.
Nabil Shehda Qdeih, 45, Khan Younis.
Baker an-Najjar, 13, Khan Younis.
Shadi Yusef an-Najjar, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Ahmad Najjar, Khan Younis.
Anwar Ahmad Najjar, Khan Younis.
Anwar Ahmad Abu Daqqa, Khan Younis.
Sami Mousa Abu Daqqa, Khan Younis.
Adli Khalil Abu Daqqa,Khan Younis.
‘Atef Kamal Mahmoud Abu Daqqa, 54, Khan Younis.
Shoeban Moussa Abu Hiya, 64, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Abdul-Karim Ahmad Hasan, Khan Younis
‘Ola Abu Aida, 27, Zahra - Khan Younis.
Mohammad Ismael Khader, Zahra – Khan Younis.
Anas Akram Skafi, 18, Shujaeyya - Gaza.
Sa’ad Akram Skafi, 18 (twin brother) Shujaeyya - Gaza.
Mohammad Jihad Matar, Beit Hanoun
Hanan Jihad Matar, Beit Hanoun.
Tamam Mohammad Hamad, Beit Hanoun
Khader Khalil al-Louh, 50, Atatra, Northern Gaza
Rasmi Mousa Abu Reeda, Khan Younis
Mohammad Radi Mahmoud Abu Reeda, 22, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Abu Yousef, Khan Younis
Ahmad Qdeih, Khan Younis
Rami Qdeih, Khan Younis
Badr Hatem Qdeih, 13, Khuza’a, Khan Younis.
Anas Hatem Suleiman Qdeih, 7, Khuza’a, Khan Younis.
Hanafi Mahmoud Abu Yousef, 42, Khuza’a, Khan Younis.
Abdel Aziz Nour El Din Noor, 21, Sheja’eyya.
Amir Adel Khamis Siam 12, Rafah.
Issam Faisal Siam, 24, Rafah.
Mahmoud Silmy Salim Abu Rowaished, 49, Rafah.
Ahmed Abu Jm›ean Hji›er 19, Al-Bureij.
Amer Abdul-Raouf Mohamed El Azab, 26, Deir al-Balah.
Thaer Ahed Owda Shamaly, 17, Sheja’eyya.
Mohammed Yousef Mansoub Al-Qadi, 19. (had been in Egyptian hospital)
Yasmin Ahmed Abu Moor, 27(had been in Egyptian hospital)
Mohammad Suleiman Nimr ‘Oqal, 34
Mohammed Rateb Abu Jazr, 25, Khan Younis.
Hisham Mohammad Farhan Abu Jazr, 23, Khan Younis.
Mohammed Farhan Abu Jazr, 48, Khan Younis.
Shadi Suleiman Kawar›e, 31, Khan Younis.
Ra›ed Abu Owda 17, UN School, Beit Hanoun.
Ashraf Ibrahim Hasan Najjar, 13, Khan Younis
Ahmad Talal Najjar, Khan Younis
Mohammad Samir Abdul-Al an-Najjar, 25, Khan Younis
Mahmoud Abdo an-Najjar, Khan Younis.
Sana’ Hasan Ali al-Astal, Khan Younis
Nabil Mahmoud Mohammad al-Astal, 12, Khan Younis
Ashraf Mahmoud Mohammad al-Astal, Khan Younis
Mahmoud Suleiman al-Astal, 17, Khan Younis
Laila Ibrahim Zo’rob, 40, Rafah
Mahmoud As’ad Ghaban, 24, Beit Lahia
Ibrahim Jihad Abu Laban, 27, Zeitoun - Gaza
Ibrahim Sheikh Omar, 36 months, Gaza
Hasan Abu Hayyin, 70, Shejaeyya, Gaza.
Abdul-Rahman Abu Hayyin, 26, Sheja’eyya, Gaza.
Osama Bahjat Rajab, 34, Beit Lahia.
Mohammad Daoud Hammouda, 33, Beit Lahia.
Hamza Ziyada Abu ‘Anza, 18, Khan Younis.
Saddam Ibrahim Abu Assi, 23, Khan Younis, was seriously injured
Tuesday, died Wednesday.
Wisam ‘Ala Najjar, 17, Khan Younis
Mohammad Mansour al-Bashiti, 8, Khan Younis.
Ali Mansour Hamdi al-Bashiti, 1, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Riyadh Sha’aban Shabt, 23.
Mohammad Naim Salah Abu T’aima, 12, Khan Younis.
Salem Abdullah Mousa Abu T’aima, 36, Khan Younis.
Ismail Abu Tharifa, Khan Younis.
Zeinab Abu Teir, child, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Radi Abu Redya, 22, Khan Younis.
Shama Shahin, Khan Younis (Mohammad’s wife)
Mojahed Marwan Skafi, 20, Sheja’eyya, Gaza.
Adnan Ghazi Habib, 23, central Gaza.
Ibrahim Ahmad Shbeir, 24, Khan Younis
Mustafa Mohammad Mahmoud Fayyad, 24, northern Gaza.
Nidal Hamdi Diab al-‘Ejla, 31, Gaza.
Khalil Abu Jame’, Khan Younis.
Husam al-Qarra, Khan Younis
Rabea’ Qassem, 12, Northern Gaza
Hasan Salah Abu Jamous, 29, Khan Younis
Mahmoud Yousef Khaled al-‘Abadla, 22, Khan Younis
Nour Abdul-Rahim al-‘Abadla, 22, Khan Younis
Mohammad Farid al-Astal, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Abdul-Ra’ouf ad-Dadda, 39, Gaza.
Ahmad Mohammad Darwish Bolbol, 20, Gaza.
Ahmad Nabil Ahmad Abu Morad, 21, Gaza.
Ibrahim Omar al-Hallaq, 40, Khan Younis
Wael Maher Awwad, 23, Khan Younis
Ahmad Mahmoud Sohweil, 23, Khan Younis
Issam Ismael Abu Shaqra, 42, Khan Younis
Abdul-Rahman Ibrahim Abu Shaqra, 17, Khan Younis
Mohammad Ahmad Akram Abu Shaqra, 17, Khan Younis
Ahmad as-Saqqa, 17, Khan Younis
Nayef Fayez Nayef ath-Thatha, 19, Zeitoun – Gaza
Nayef Maher Nayef ath-Thatha, 24, Zeitoun – Gaza
Nayef Maher Nayef ath-Thatha, 24, Gaza.
Jihad Hussein Mahmoud Hamad, 20
‘Ala Hamad Ali Khattab, 26, Deir al-Balah<--corrected -->
Abdul-Qader Jamil al-Khalidi, 23, al-Boreij
Ayman Adham Yousef Ahmad, 16, Beit Lahia
Bilal Ali Ahmad Abu ‘Athra, 25, Beit Lahia
Abdul-Karim Nassar Saleh Abu Jarmi, 24, Beit Lahia
Rawan Ayman Saoud Suweidan, 9, central Gaza.
Naim Juma’a Mohammad Abu Nizeid
Jani Rami Nassr al-Maqat’a, 27, central Gaza.
Said Ahmad Tawfiq at-Tawil, 22, central Gaza.
Ola Khalil Ali Abu Obada, 24, central Gaza.
Do’a Ra’ed Abu Ouda, 17, northern Gaza.
Amer Abdul Raouf Abu Ozeb, 26, central Gaza.
Awad Abu Ouda, northern Gaza.
Bilal ash-Shinbari, northern Gaza.
Fatima ash-Shinbari, northern Gaza.
Falasteen ash-Shinbari, northern Gaza.
Abed Rabo ash-Shinbari, northern Gaza.
Ali Sha’boub ash-Shinbari, northern Gaza.
Souha Musleh, northern Gaza.
Mohammad al-Kafarna, Beit Hanoun.
Naji Jamal al-Fajm, 26, Khan Younis.
Ebtehal Ibrahim ar-Remahi, Deir al-Balah.
Yousef Ibrahim ar-Remahi, Deir al-Balah.
Eman Ibrahim ar-Remahi, Deir al-Balah.
Salwa Abu Mneifi, Khan Younis.
Abdullah Ismael al-Baheessy, 27, Deir al-Balah.
Mos’ab Saleh Salama, 19, Khan Younis.
Ibrahim Nasr Haroun, 38, Nusseirat.
Mahmoud Suleiman Abu Sabha, 55, Khan Younis.
Hasan Khader Baker, 60, Gaza City.
Wa’el Jamal Harb, 32, Rafah.
Suleiman Abu Daher, 21, Khan Younis.
Haitham Samir al-Agha, 26, Khan Younis.
Fatima Hasan Azzam, 70, Gaza.
Mariam Hasan Azzam, 50, Gaza.
Yasmeen Ahmad Abu Mour, 2, Rafah.
Samer Zuheri Sawafiri, 29, Rafah.
Mohammad Mousa Fayyad, 36, Khan Younis
Mona Rami al-Kharwat, 4, Gaza.
Soha Na’im al-Kharwat, 25, Gaza.
Ahmad Salah Abu Siedo, 17, Gaza.
Mohammad Khalil Aref Ahl, 65, Gaza, (remains located Tuesday, killed
during Sheja’eyya Massacre, Sunday).
Mahmoud Salim Daraj, 22, Jabalia.
Radhi Abu Hweishel, 40, Nusseirat.
Obeida Abu Hweishel, 15, Nusseirat.
Yousef Abu Mustafa, 27, Nusseirat.
Nour al-Islam Abu Hweishel, 12, Nusseirat.
Yousef Fawza Abu Mustafa, 20, Nusseirat.
Hani Awad Sammour, 27, Khan Younis.
Ahmad Ibhrahim Shbeir, 24, Nusseirat.
Mohammad Jalal al-Jarf, 24, Khan Younis.
Raed Salah, 22, Al-Boreij.
Ahmad Nassim Saleh, 23, Al-Boreij.
Mahmoud Ghanem, 22 Al-Boreij.
Mustafa Mohammad Mahmoud Fayyad, 24.
Ahmad Issam Wishah, 29, Central District.
Ahmad Kamel Abu Mgheiseb, 35, Central District.
Raed Abdul-Rahman Abu Mgheiseb, 35, Central District.
Nader Abdul-Rahman Abu Mgheiseb, 35, Central District.
Ahmad Mohammad Ramadan, 30, Central District
Khalaf Atiyya Abu Sneima, 18, Rafah.
Khalil Atiyya Abu Sneima, 20, Rafah.
Samih Abu Jalala, 64. Rafah.
Hakima Nafe’ Abu ‘Adwan, 75, Rafah.
Najah Nafe’ Abu ‘Adwan, 85 Rafah.
Mohammad Shehada Hajjaj, 31, Rafah.
Fawza Saleh Abdul-Rahman Hajjaj, 66, Rafah.
Rawan Ziad Jom’a Hajjaj, 28. Gaza City.
Mos’ab Nafeth al-Ejla, 30. Sheja’eyya Gaza.
Tareq Fayeq Hajjaj, 22, Gaza.
Ahmad Ziad Hajjaj, 21 Gaza.
Hasan Sha’ban Khamisy, 28 al-Maghazi, Gaza.
Ahmad As’ad al-Boudi, 24, Beit Lahia.
Ahmad Salah Abu Seedo, 17, Gaza.
Salem Khalil Salem Shemaly, 22, Sheja’eyya - Gaza (Killed Sunday,
Body Located Tuesday)
Ibrahim Sammour, 38, Khan Younis.
Atiyya Mohammad Hasan ad-Da’alsa, 34, Nusseirat.
Atiyya Mohammad Abdul-Raziq, 34, central Gaza.
Abdullah Awni al-Farra, 25, Khan Younis.
Hamada ‘Olewa, Zaitoun. (found under the rubble of his home)
Ibrahim Sobhi al-Fayre, Jabalia
Rafiq Mohammad Qlub, Jabalia
Ahmad Abu Salah, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Abdul-Karim Abu Jame’, Khan Younis.
Amjad al-Hindi, Gaza City.
Shahinaz Walid Mohammad Abu Hamad, 1, Khan Younis
Husam Abu Qeinas, 5, Khan Younis
Somoud Nassr Siyam, 26, Gaza City
Bader Nabil Siyam, 25, Gaza City
Ahmad Ayman Mahrous Siyam, 17, Gaza City
Mustafa Nabil Mahrous Siyam, 12, Gaza City
Ghaida Nabil Mahrous Siyam, 8, Gaza City
Dalal Nabil Mahrous Siyam, 8 months, Gaza City
Kamal Mahrous Salama Siyam, 27, Gaza City
Mohammad Mahrous Salaam Siyam, 25, Gaza City
Shireen Mahmoud Salaam Siyam, 32, Gaza City
Ahmad Suleiman Abu Saoud, 34, Khan Younis
Manwa Abdul-Baset as-Sabe, 37, Beit Hanoun
Kamal Balal al-Masri, 22, Beit Hanoun
Bilal Jabr Mohammad al-Ashab, 22, Gaza City
Raed Ismail al-Bardawil, 26, Rafah
Zakariya Masoud al-Ashqar, 24, central Gaza
Abdullah Matroud Abu Hjeir, 16, central Gaza
Ahmad Sofyan Abu Hjeir, 23, central Gaza.
Abdul-Karim Hamad Abdul-Karim Hjeir, 33, central Gaza.
Ahmad Salhoub, 34, central Gaza
Raed Issam Daoud, 30, Gaza City
Younis Ahmad Younis Sheikh al-Eid, 23, Rafah
Rajae Hammad Mohammad, 38, Gaza
Ahmad Khale Daghmash, 21, Gaza
Mahmoud Hasan an-Nakhala, Gaza
Saleh Badawi, 31, Gaza
Kamal Mas›oud, 21, Gaza
Mohammad Samih al-Ghalban, Gaza
Majdi Mahmoud al-Yazeji, 56, al-Karama, Gaza
Mayar al- Yazeji, 2, al-Karama, Gaza
Anas al- Yazeji, 5, al-Karama, Gaza
Yasmin Naif al-Yazeji, al-Karama, Gaza
Safinaz al-Yazeji, al-Karama, Gaza
Tamer Nayef Jundiyya, 30, Gaza
Kamel Jundiyya, 32, Gaza
Rahma Ahmad Jundiyya, 50
Ahed Kamal Mohammad Jundiyya, 31.
Mohammad Mahmoud al-Maghrebi, 24
Ibrahim Shaban Bakron, 37
Yousef Ghazi Hamdiyya, 25, Gaza
Motaz Jamal Hamdiyya, 18, Gaza
Aaed Jamal Hamdiyya, 21. Gaza
Yasmin al-Qisas, Gaza City
Lamia Eyad al-Qisas, Gaza City
Nismaa Eyad al-Qisas, Gaza City
Arwa al-Qisas, Gaza City
Aya Yassr al-Qisas, Gaza City
Aisha Yassr al-Qisas, Gaza City
Aliya Siyam, Gaza City
Fayza Sabr Siyam, Gaza City
Samia Siyam, Gaza City
Fadi Azmi Buryam, Deir al-Balah
Ayman Salaam Buryam, Deir al-Balah
Salaam Abdul-Majeed Buryam, Deir al-Balah
Karim Ibrahim Atiya Barham, 25, Khan Younis
Nidal Ali Daka, 26, Khan Younis
Nidal Jamaa Abu Asy, 43, Khan Younis
Fatima Ahmad al-Arja, Rafah
Atiya Yusef Dardouna, 26, Jabalia
Ibrahim Deib Ahmad al-Kilani, 53 (father of Yassr, Elias, Susan, Reem
& Yasmeen) , Gaza City
Yassr Ibrahim Deib al-Kilani, 8, Gaza City
Elias Ibrahim Deib al-Kilani, 4, Gaza City
Susan Ibrahim Deib al-Kilani, 11, Gaza City
Reem Ibrahim Deib al-Kilani, 12, Gaza City
Yasmeen Ibrahim Deeb al-Kilani, 9, Gaza City
Taghrid Shoeban Mohammad al-Kilani, 45, Gaza City
Aida Shoeban Mohammad Derbas, 47, Gaza City
Mahmoud Shoeban Mohammad Derbas, 37, Gaza City
Sura Shoeban Mohammad Derbas, 41, Gaza City
Aynas Shoeban Mohammad Derbas, 30, Gaza City
Fadi Bashir al-Ablala, 22, Khan Younis
Salem Ali Abu Saada, Khan Younis
Mohammad Yusef Moammer, 30, Rafah.
Hamza Yousef Moammer, 26, Rafah.
Anas Yousef Moammar, 16, Rafah.
Fathiyeh Nadi Marzouq Abu Moammer, 72, Rafah.
Hosni Mahmoud al-Absi, 56, Rafah
Suheib Ali Joma Abu Qoura, 21, Rafah
Ahmad Tawfiq Mohammad Zanoun, 26, Rafah
Hamid Soboh Mohammad Fojo, 22, Rafah
Najah Saad al-Deen Daraji, 65, Rafah
Abdullah Yusef Daraji, 3, Rafah
Mohammed Rajaa Handam 15, Rafah
Yusef Shaaban Ziada, 44, Al Bureij
Jamil Shaaban Ziada, 53, Al Bureij
Shoeban Jamil Ziada, 12, Al Bureij (son of Jamil)
Soheiib Abu Ziada, Al Bureij
Mohammad Mahmoud al-Moqaddma, 30, Al Bureij
Raed Mansour Nayfa, Shujaeyya (Gaza City)
Fuad Jaber, Medic, Shujaeyya (Gaza City)
Mohammad Hani Mohammad al-Hallaq, 2, al-Rimal (Gaza City)
Kenan Hasan Akram al-Hallaq, 6, al-Rimal - Gaza
Hani Mohammad al-Hallaq, 29, al-Rimal (Gaza City)
Suad Mohammad al-Hallaq, 62, al-Rimal (Gaza City)
Saje Hasan Akram al-Hallaq, 4, al-Rimal (Gaza City)
Hala Akram Hasan al-Hallaq, 27, al-Rimal (Gaza City)
Samar Osama al-Hallaq, 29, al-Rimal (Gaza City)
Ahmad Yassin, al-Rimal (Gaza City)
Ismael Yassin, al-Rimal (Gaza City)
Aya Bahjat Abu Sultan, 15, Beit Lahia
Ibrahim Salem Joma as-Sahbani, 20, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Aref Ibrahim al-Ghalyeeni, 26, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Osama Khalil Ismael al-Hayya, 30, Shujaeyya - Gaza (father of
Umama and Khalil)
Hallah Saqer Hasan al-Hayya, 29, Shujaeyya - Gaza (mother of
Umama and Khalil)
Umama Osama Khalil al-Hayya, 9, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Khalil Osama Khalil al-Hayya, 7, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Rebhi Shehta Ayyad, 31, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Yasser Ateyya Hamdiyya, 28, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Esra Ateyya Hamdiyya, 28, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Akram Mohammad Shkafy, 63, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Eman Khalil Abed Ammar, 9, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Ibrahim Khalil Abed Ammar, 13, Shujaeyya - Gaza*
Asem Khalil Abed Ammar, 4, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Eman Mohammad Ibrahim Hamada, 40, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Ahmad Ishaq Yousef Ramlawy, 33, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Ahmad Sami Diab Ayyad, 27, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Fida Rafiq Diab Ayyad, 24, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Narmin Rafiw Diab Ayyad, 20, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Husam Ayman Mohareb Ayyad, 23, Sheja’eyya, Gaza.
Ahmad Mohammad Ahmad Abu Zanouna, 28
Tala Akram Ahmad al-Atawy, 7, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Tawfiq Barawi Salem Marshoud, 52, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Hatem Ziad Ali Zabout, 24, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Khaled Riyadh Mohammad Hamad, 25, Shujaeyya - Gaza (Journalist)
Khadija Ali Mousa Shihada, 62, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Khalil Salem Ibrahim Mosbeh, 53, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Adel Abdullah Eslayyem, 2, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Dina Roshdi Abdullah Eslayyem, 2, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Rahaf Akram Ismael Abu Joma, 4, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Shadi Ziad Hasan Eslayyem, 15, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Ala Ziad Hasan Eslayyem, 11, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Sherin Fathi Othman Ayyad, 18, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Adel Abdullah Salem Eslayyem, 29, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Fadi Ziad Hasan Eslayyem, 10, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Ahed Saad Mousa Sarsak, 30, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Aisha Ali Mahmoud Zayed, 54, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Abed-Rabbo Ahmad Zayed, 58, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Abdul-Rahman Akram Sheikh Khalil, 24, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Mona Suleiman Ahmad Sheikh Khalil, 49
Heba Hamed Mohammad Sheikh Khalil, 13, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Abdullah Mansour Radwan Amara, 23, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Issam Atiyya Said Skafy, 26, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Ali Mohammad Hasan Skafy, 27, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Mohammad Hasan Skafy, 53, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Ala Jamal ed-Deen Barda, 35, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Omar Jamil Sobhi Hammouda, 10, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Ghada Jamil Sobhi Hammouda, 10, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Ghada Ibrahim Suleiman Adwan, 39, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Fatima Abdul-Rahim Abu Ammouna, 55, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Fahmi Abdul-Aziz Abu Said, 29, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Ghada Sobhi Saadi Ayyad, 9, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Mohammad Ashraf Rafiq Ayyad, 6, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Mohammad Raed Ehsan Ayyad, 6, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Mohammad Rami Fathi Ayyad, 2, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Mohammad Raed Ehsan Akeela, 19, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Mohammad Ziad Ali Zabout, 23, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Mohammad Ali Mohared Jundiyya, 38, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Marah Shaker Ahmad al-Jammal, 2, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Marwan Monir Saleh Qonfid, 23, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Maisa Abdul-Rahman Sarsawy, 37, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Marwa Salman Ahmad Sarsawy, 13, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Mos›ab el-Kheir Salah ed-Din Skafi, 27, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Mona Abdul-Rahman Ayyad, 42, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Halla Sobhi Sa›dy Ayyad, 25, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Younis Ahmad Younis Mustafa, 62, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Yousef Salem Hatmo Habib, 62, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Fatima Abu Ammouna, 55, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Ahmad Mohammad Azzam, 19, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Ismael al-Kordi, Shujaeyya - Gaza
Fatima Ahmad Abu Jame’ (60), the family matriarch, Khan Younis.
Sabah Abu Jame› (35), Her daughter-in-law and her family:
Razan Tawfiq Ahmad Abu Jame› (14), Khan Younis.
Jawdat Tawfiq Ahmad Abu Jame› (13), Khan Younis.
Aya Tawfiq Ahmad Abu Jame›, (12), Khan Younis.
Haifaa Tawfiq Ahmad Abu Jame› (9), Khan Younis.
Ahmad Tawfiq Ahmad Abu Jame› (8), Khan Younis.
Maysaa Tawfiq Ahmad Abu Jame› (7), Khan Younis.
Tawfiq Tawfiq Ahmad Abu Jame› (4), Khan Younis.
Shahinaz Walid Muhammad Abu Jame› (29), pregnant. (Fatima’s
daughter-in-law, and her family)
Fatmeh Taysir Ahmad Abu Jame› (12), Khan Younis.
Ayub Taysir Ahmad Abu Jame› (10), Khan Younis.
Rayan Taysir Ahmad Abu Jame› (5), Khan Younis.
Rinat Taysir Ahmad Abu Jame› (2), Khan Younis.
Nujud Taysir Ahmad Abu Jame› (4 months), Khan Younis.
Yasmin Ahmad Salameh Abu Jame› (25), pregnant (another of Fatima’s
daughter-in-laws, and her family):
Batul Bassam Ahmad Abu Jame› (4) , Khan Younis.
Soheila Bassam Ahmad Abu Jame›(3) , Khan Younis.
Bisan Bassam Ahmad Abu Jame› (6 months) , Khan Younis.
Yasser Ahmad Muhammad Abu Jame› (27) – Fatima’s son
Fatima Riad Abu Jame› (26), pregnant, Yasser’s wife and Fatima’s
daughter in law
Sajedah Yasser Ahmad Abu Jame› (7), Khan Younis.
Siraj Yasser Ahmad Abu Jame› (4), Khan Younis.
Noor Yasser Ahmad Abu Jame› (2), Khan Younis.
Husam Husam Abu Qeinas (7) (another of Fatima’s grandsons)
Tariq Farouq Mahmoud Tafesh, 37, Gaza.
Hazem Naim Mohammad Aqel, 14, Gaza.
Mohammad Nassr Atiyya Ayyad, 25, Gaza.
Omar Zaher Saleh Abu Hussein, 19, Gaza.
Ziad Ghaleb Rajab ar-Redya, 23, northern Gaza.
Wael Bashir Yahia Assaf, 24, northern Gaza.
Yahia Bassam as-Serry, 20, Khan Younis
Mohammad Bassam as-Serry, 17, Khan Younis
Mahmoud Rida Salhiyya, 56, Khan Younis
Mustafa Rida Salhiyya, 21, Khan Younis
Mohammad Mustafa Salhiyya, 22, Khan Younis
Waseem Rida Salhiyya, 15, Khan Younis
Ibrahim Jamal Kamal Nassr, 13, Khan Younis
Rushdi Khaled Nassr, 24, Khan Younis
Mohammad Awad Faris Nassr, 25, Khan Younis
Ahmad Mahmoud Hasan Aziz, 34, Beit Hanoun
Said Ali Issa, 30, Juhr ed-Deek, Central Gaza
Raed Walid Laqan, 27, Khan Younis
Mohammad Jihad al-Qara, 29, Khan Younis
Rafat Ali Bahloul, 36, Khan Younis
Bilal Ismail Abu Daqqa, 33, Khan Younis
Mohammad Ismail Sammour, 21, Khan Younis
Eyad Ismael ar-Raqab, 26, Khan Younis
Mohammad Atallah Odah Saadat, 25, Beit Hanoun
Mohammad Rafiq ar-Rohhal, 22, Beit Lahia
Mohammad Ziad ar-Rohhal, 6, Beit Lahia
Mohammad Ahmad Abu Zanouna, 37, Gaza City
Mahmoud Abdul-Hamid al-Zweidi, 23, Beit Lahia
Dalia Abdel-Hamid al-Zweidi, 37, Beit Lahia
Rowiya Mahmoud al-Zweidi, 6, Beit Lahia
Naghm Mahmoud al-Zweidi, 2, Beit Lahia
Mohammad Khaled Jamil al-Zweidi, 20, Beit Lahia
Amr Hamouda, 7, Beit Lahia
Mohammad Riziq Mohammad Hamouda, 18, Beit Lahia
Yousef Kamal Qabdurra Hamouda, 29, Beit Lahia.
Momen Taysir al-Abed Abu Dan, 24, Central District
Abdul-Aziz Samir Abu Zaitar, 31, Central District
Mohammad Ziad Zabout, 24, Gaza City
Hatem Ziad Zabout, 22, Gaza City
Fadal Mohammad al-Bana, 29, was killed in Jabalia
Mohammad Abdul-Rahman Abu Hamad, 25, Beit Lahia
Maali Abdul-Rahman Suleiman Abu Zeid, 24, Central District
Mohammad Ahmad as-Saidi, 18, Khan Younis
Abdul-Rahman Mohammad Odah, 23, Central District
Tariq Samir Khalil al-Hatou, 26, Central District
Mohammad Fathi al-Ghalban, 23, Khan Younis
Mahmoud Anwar Abu Shabab, 16, Rafah
Ahmad Abu Thurayya, 25, Central District
Abdullah Ghazi al-Masri, 30, Central District
Ayman Nasri an-Na›ouq, 23, Central District
Aqram Mahmoud al-Matouq, 37, Jabalia
Majdi Suleiman Jabara, 22, Rafah
Faris Juma al-Mahmoum, 5 months, Rafah related article
Omar Eid al-Mahmoum, 18, Rafah
Nassim Mahmoud Nassier, 22. Beit Hanoun
Karam Mahmoud Nassier, 20, Beit Hanoun
Salmiyya Suleiman Ghayyadh, 70, Rafah
Rani Saqer Abu Tawila, 30, Gaza City
Hammad Abdul-Karim Abu Lehya, 23, Khan Younis
Mohammad Abdul-Fattah Rashad Fayyad, 26, Khan Younis
Mahmoud Mohammad Fayyad, 25, Khan Younis
Amal Khader Ibrahim Dabbour, 40, Beit Hanoun
Ismail Yousef Taha Qassim, 59, Beit Hanoun
Ahmad Fawzi Radwan, 23, Khan Younis
Mahmoud Fawzi Radwan, 24, Khan Younis
Bilal Mahmoud Radwan, 23, Khan Younis
Monther Radwan, 22, Khan Younis
Hasan Majdi Mahmoud Radwan, 19, Khan Younis.
Mohammad Sami as-Said Omran, 26, Khan Younis.
Hani As›ad Abdul-Karim Shami, 35, Khan Younis
Mohammad Hamdan Abdul-Karim Shami, 35, Khan Younis
Husam Musallam Abu Issa, 26. Gaza
Ahmad Ismael Abu Musallam, 14, Gaza City
Mohammad Ismael Abu Musallam, 15, Gaza City
Wala Ismael Abu Musallam, 13, Gaza City
Naim Mousa Abu Jarad, 23, Beit Hanoun
Abed Mousa Abu Jarad, 30, Beit Hanoun
Siham Mousa Abu Jarad, 26, Beit Hanoun
Raja Oliyyan Abu Jarad, 31, Beit Hanoun
Haniyya Abdul-Rahman Abu Jarad, 3, Beit Hanoun
Samih Naim Abu Jarad, 1, Beit Hanoun
Mousa Abul-Rahman Abu Jarad, 6 months, Beit Hanoun
Ahlam Mousa Abu Jarad, 13, Beit Hanoun
Husam Musallam Abu Aisha, 26, Jahr al-Deek
Mohammad Saad Mahmoud Abu Sa›da , Khan Younis
Ra›fat Mohammad al-Bahloul, 35, Khan Younis
Wala al-Qarra, 20, Khan Younis
Abdullah Jamal as-Smeiri, 17, Khan Younis
Ahmad Hasan Saleh al-Ghalban, 23, Khan Younis
Hamada Abdullah Mohammad al-Bashiti, 21, Khan Younis
Hamza Mohammad Abu Hussein, 27, Rafah
Ala Abu Shabab, 23, Rafah
Mohammad Awad Matar, 37, Rafah
Bassem Mohammad Mahmoud Madhi, 22, Rafah
Ahmad Abdullah al-Bahnasawi, 25. Um An-Nasr
Saleh Zgheidy, 20, Rafah
Mahmoud Ali Darwish, 40, Nusseirat, Central Gaza
Yousef Ibrahim al-Astal, 23,Khan Younis
Imad Hamed E›lawwan, 7, Gaza
Qassem Hamed E›lawwan, 4, Gaza (brother of Imad)
Sarah Mohammad Bustan, 13, Gaza
Rezeq Ahmad al-Hayek, 2, Gaza
Mustafa Faisal Abu Sneina, 32, Rafah
Imad Faisal Abu Sneina, 18, Rafah
Nizar Fayez Abu Sneina, 38, Rafah
Ismail Ramadan al-Loulahi, 21, Khan Younis
Ghassan Salem Mousa Abu Azab, 28, Khan Younis
Ahmad Salem Shaat, 22, Khan Younis
Mohammad Salem Shaat, 20, Khan Younis
Amjad Salem Shaat, 15, Khan Younis
Mohammad Talal as-Sane, 20, Rafah
Mohammad Mahmoud Al-Qadim, 22, Deir al-Balah
Mohammad Abdul-Rahman Hassouna, 67, Rafah
Zeinab Mohammad Said al-Abadla, 71, Khan Younis
Ahmad Reehan, 23, Beit Lahia
Salem Saleh Fayyad, 25, Gaza City
Abdullah Salem al-Atras, 27, Rafah
Bashir Mohammad Abdul-Al, 20, Rafah
Mohammad Ziyad Ghanem, 25, Rafah
Mohammad Ahmad al-Hout, 41, Rafah
Fulla Tariq Shuhaibar, 8, Gaza City related article
Jihad Issam Shuhaib
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