Using smart technologies to maximise benefits from

Using smart technologies to maximise benefits from

Using smart technologies to maximise
benefits from individual heat metering
Consumption based billing in multi apartment buildings,
experiences and technology development
Dr. A. Kähler (techem) & A. Dicke (ista), Concert Hall Aarhus, November 11, 2013
Workshop on cost-effective metering of individual consumption of heating and cooling
in multi-purpose and multi-apartment building
Sub Metering of Heating and Hot Water
billing (per apartment)
cost allocation
individual
billing
Option 1: Heat Meters
hot water meters (cost allocation per apartment)
heat meters (cost allocation per apartment)
sub metering
data collectors (AMR/AMM)
heat meter (hot water share)
energy consumption and costs (building)
main meter for fuel (final energy)
Slide 2 2
metering &
billing
boiler (energy conversion)
Sub Metering of Heating and Hot Water
billing (per apartment)
cost allocation
individual
billing
Option 2: Heat Cost Allocators
hot water meters (cost allocation per apartment)
heat cost allocators (per radiator)
sub metering
data collectors (AMR/AMM)
heat meter (hot water share)
energy consumption and costs (building)
main meter for fuel (final energy)
Slide 3 3
metering &
billing
boiler (energy conversion)
Measuring Methods for Heat in Sub Metering
Heat Meter
Heat Cost Allocator
radiator surface temperature
rad
return temperature
roomside air temperature
air
inlet flow temperature
radiator constants
 flow rate
V
out
in
 ( )  ( ( )   ( )) d 
Q   c( )   ( )  V
out
in
KQ , KC, n
Q  KQ  KnC   (rad ( )  air ( ))n d 
t
t
system boundary
apartment
radiator
EU-COM notes,
standardisation
2004/22/EC (MID)
EN 1434
EN 834
very accurate, measures units kWh
accurate measurement of heat emission,
dimensionless units
preliminary setup necessary,
else more difficult to install
features
perfect for apartments with
only one inlet and return
perfect for new buildings with
horizontal pipe installation
disregards heat emission
of pipe installation
inexpensive and easy to install
10 years of life span
cost-efficient
Both device types are applicable for heat cost allocation.
Slide 4 4
Sub Billing of Heating and Hot Water
Example: Heat and Hot Water Cost Allocation in Germany
apartment 1
30 % by
living space
operating
costs
energy
costs
total costs
of heating
and hot
water
total costs
of heating
total costs
of hot water
apartment 2
70 % by
consumption
70 % by
consumption
apartment 3
30 % by…
determination
of total costs
Slide 5 5
splitting between heat
and hot
water costs
space and
consumption
based costs
cost allocation
per apartment
individual bill
per apartment
Evolution of the Technology and Standards in Sub Metering
Almost 100 years of growth and experience
Denmark
First patent on
heat allocation
meter
Development of the
first hot water
allocation meter
based on evaporation
Development of the
first Stationary Radio
Systems base on data
concentrator technology
Development of the
first Radio Systems of
mobile reading (Walk
By)
Development of the
first Radio Systems for
remote Automated Meter
Reading (AMR/AMM)
Development of a
battery-powered
compact heat
meter & electronic
heat cost allocator
1924
1967
Evaporator
EN 835
Slide 6 6
HCA evap.
1980
1990
Electronic HCA & Heat Meter
EN 1434
EN 14154
EN 834
Heat
Water
HCA el.
Stationary Radio Systems
2000
Walk By Radio Systems
2006
AMR/AMM
Smart Sub Metering of Heat & Water Consumption
State of the Art Technology
GSM
GPRS
Mobile
Carrier
Computer
Center
Billing Services
Heat/Cooling
Services:
Billing
Web
Portal
Hot Water
…
Web-Portal for
Energy Data Management
…
Individual meters for the
measurement of the
heat/cooling & water
consumption in each
apartment
• Battery powered
• Radio communication
interface
Supply
Slide 7 7
Radio based data
collection of the
consumption values in
the property to a central
gateway
Property
Survey
Hardwaremanagement
Remote data communication between the
central gateway and a computer center by
using GSM/GPRS technology
Reading, Data Processing,
Billing & other Services
Based on this
technology platform a
wide range of service
products can be offered
to the customer
Controlling and further
Optimisations
for additional Savings
CO2 Emission Savings due to Consumption Based Billing
Survey
 Comparison of the CO2 emissions produced during the entire life cycle of Heat Cost
Allocator (HCA) radio and the CO2 savings due to individual heating cost billing.
 Based on 18 million heat cost allocators in more than 400.000 properties in
Germany.
 Result: Consumption-dependent heating cost billing based on the HCA radio saves
158 times as much CO2 as is produced over the entire life cycle.
Slide 8 8
Cause
Savings
The HCA causes 0.53 kg of CO2
emissions each year.
(= production cost of approx.
100 sheets of virgin fibre paper)
The consumption-dependent
billing saves 84 kg of CO2
emissions each year (= production
cost of approx. 15,800 sheets of
virgin fibre paper)
Smart Sub Metering of Heat Consumption with AMR/AMM
Technology provides a wide range of benefits
 Benefits for Ecology & Economy
 Energy / CO2 Savings of approx. 20 % *
Consumption
based heat &
water cost
allocation and
billing
 CO2 Avoidance Costs of approx. - 200 €/t *
 Increase of transparency and fairness
* e.g. C. Felsmann, J. Schmidt (2013); L. Gullev, M. Poulsen (2006)
 Benefits for Customer
Slide 9 9
AMR / AMM
 Cost efficient informative billing during the year
 No manual reading necessary, no disturbance
Energy & Water
Data Monitoring
and Management
 Fast information in higher resolution
 Enable to optimise the usage behaviour
 Energy savings & analysis (e.g. leakage detection)
Combination with
Smart Control
technologies
 Improvement of efficiency of heating systems
 Outlook: Home Displays, connectivity with other
systems, e.g. Home Automation & Metering
Please do not hesitate to contact us if you
have any questions. We are pleased to provide
any further information and support.
Dr. Arne Kähler
Head of Research
and Development
Achim Dicke
Senior Vice President
Products
Techem Energy Services GmbH
Hauptstraße 89
65760 Eschborn
Phone: +49 (0) 6196 522-2811
E-mail: arne.kaehler@techem.de
Internet: http://www.techem.de
ista International GmbH
Grugaplatz 2
45131 Essen
Phone: +49 (0) 201 459-3222
E-mail: achim.dicke@ista.com
Internet: http://www.ista.com