a life in
Transcription
a life in
2CD 476 3439 BRUCE MARTIN a life in song Bruce Martin, 1997 It is surely not unnatural for constant opera-goers to have their favourite singers. Bruce Martin has been one of mine for many years. Few singers, in my long listening experience, come to their roles as meticulously prepared as Bruce. His is no ‘learn the words and the music and get it over with’ approach. He reads assiduously about the historical background of the characters he performs. His attention to linguistic detail is exceptionally thorough and the result flawless. His musicality is beyond question. What all this adds up to, needless to say, is the best performance of the part we are likely to get. It is an honour to have been associated with this long overdue tribute to a very fine artist. Martin Dickson AM k Music has always been central to my life – listening at home, performing in theatres, extemporising with friends, writing orchestral arrangements of favourite numbers or concocting comic songs about school for my grandkids – music has provided some wonderful experiences. The songs and arias on this compilation were recorded during the course of my career. Most were recorded live in performance, and even the studio recordings are largely unedited. The fluffs and mistakes are evidence of that, although they probably wouldn’t have been all that noticeable in a theatre or concert hall. The recordings display a realistic standard of performance; and although I’ve never been able to achieve flawless singing (despite a lifetime of practice) the performances are deeply felt. The excerpts represent some of the unexpected twists in a long career that was never less than interesting. Hopefully, you’ll find something of interest here as well. Bruce Martin 2 AM 3 CD1 [69’06] 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART 1756-1791 Madamina, il catalogo è questo (Catalogue Aria) from Don Giovanni Words by Lorenzo da Ponte Non più andrai from The Marriage of Figaro Words by Lorenzo da Ponte West Australian Symphony Orchestra, David Measham conductor Recorded in the ABC’s Perth studios, May 1981 FRANZ SCHUBERT 1797-1828 Il traditor deluso Words by Pietro Metastasio Il modo di prender moglie Words: Anonymous Michael Brimer piano Recorded in the ABC’s Melbourne studios, 9-10 December 1982 CARL LOEWE 1796-1869 Der Erlkönig Words by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Ron Charles piano Live recording by South African Broadcasting Corporation, early 1970s WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART Ein Mädchen oder Weibchen from The Magic Flute Words by Emanuel Schikaneder Fin ch’han dal vino (Champagne Aria) from Don Giovanni Words by Lorenzo da Ponte West Australian Symphony Orchestra, David Measham conductor Recorded in the ABC’s Perth studios, May 1981 4 5’46 3’43 9 3’19 3’58 0 ! @ £ 3’33 4’19 1’19 GIUSEPPE VERDI 1813-1901 Ella giammai m’amò from Don Carlo Words by Joseph Méry and Camille du Locle West Australian Symphony Orchestra, David Measham conductor Recorded in the ABC’s Perth studios, May 1981 10’52 RICHARD WAGNER 1813-1883 Tatest du’s wirklich? (King Marke’s Monologue) from Tristan und Isolde 11’27 Words by Richard Wagner Alberto Remedios tenor, Melbourne Symphony Orchestra, Sir Charles Mackerras conductor Live ABC recording, Melbourne Concert Hall, August 1982 MODEST MUSSORGSKY 1839-1881 orch. Edison Denisov Songs and Dances of Death [19’49] Original Russian words by Arseny Golenishchev-Kutuzov; English translation by Michael Brimer I. Lullaby 4’52 II. Serenade 4’44 III. Trepak 4’29 IV. The Field-Marshal 5’44 West Australian Symphony Orchestra, Vladimir Verbitsky conductor Recorded live in the Perth Concert Hall, 20 November 1999 Lucrezia Borgia, 1982: Dame Joan [Sutherland]‘s voice, it goes without saying, was the centrepiece of the evening... The other star is without doubt the incredible Bruce Martin who as Lucrezia’s husband the Duke seems in danger of running away with almost every scene he appears in. The power and quality of his phenomenal bass, the grandeur of his presence and personality, and the manner in which he transforms the role into a believable figure, injects a much-needed shot of high drama into the entire action. – The Australian 5 CD2 [54’33] 5 1 2 3 4 FREDERICK LOEWE 1901-1988 arr. Bruce Martin They Call the Wind Maria from Paint Your Wagon Words by Alan Jay Lerner West Australian Symphony Orchestra, David Measham conductor Recorded live in the Perth Concert Hall, 1977 MITCH LEIGH b.1928 arr. Michael Brimer The Impossible Dream from Man of La Mancha Words by Joe Darion Pro Arte Orchestra, Edgar Cree conductor Studio recording, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1973 JACQUES REVAUX b.1940 arr. Michael Brimer My Way Words by Paul Anka Pro Arte Orchestra, Edgar Cree conductor Studio recording, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1973 LUIZ BONFÁ 1922-2001 arr. Michael Brimer A Day in the Life of a Fool Words by Carl Sigman Pro Arte Orchestra, Edgar Cree conductor Studio recording, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1973 Das Rheingold, 1985: Frankfurt Opera have defied the present dearth of strong singers and found in Bruce Martin an Australian Wotan of real strength, beauty and distinction. – The Guardian 6 4’12 6 2’05 7 4’05 8 2’48 9 0 ! KRIS KRISTOFFERSON b.1936 arr. Michael Brimer For the Good Times Words by Kris Kristofferson Pro Arte Orchestra, Edgar Cree conductor Studio recording, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1973 DON MCLEAN b.1945 And I Love You So Words by Don McLean Pro Arte Orchestra, Edgar Cree conductor Studio recording, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1973 RICHARD RODGERS 1902-1979 arr. Michael Brimer You’ll Never Walk Alone from Carousel Words by Oscar Hammerstein II Pro Arte Orchestra, Edgar Cree conductor Studio recording, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1973 TRADITIONAL AFRICAN-AMERICAN SPIRITUAL Deep River Words: Anonymous Ron Charles piano Live recording by South African Broadcasting Corporation, early 1970s JEROME KERN 1885-1945 arr. Bruce Martin Ol’ Man River from Showboat Words by Oscar Hammerstein II West Australian Symphony Orchestra, David Measham conductor Recorded live in the Perth Concert Hall, 1977 3’04 3’04 2’12 2’38 3’28 FELIX MENDELSSOHN 1809-1847 Elijah Draw Near, All Ye People…Lord God of Abraham 4’24 Tarry Here, My Servant…It Is Enough 6’19 Texts selected from the Bible by Julius Schubring; English translation by William Bartholomew West Australian Symphony Orchestra, David Measham conductor Recorded in the ABC’s Perth studios, November 1979 7 @ £ $ % ^ & NIKOLAI RIMSKY-KORSAKOV 1844-1908 Song of the Viking Guest from Sadko Original Russian words by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov; English translation by Bruce Martin West Australian Symphony Orchestra, David Measham conductor Recorded in the ABC’s Perth studios, May 1981 MODEST MUSSORGSKY Varlaam’s Song from Boris Godunov Original Russian words by Modest Mussorgsky; English translation by David Lloyd-Jones West Australian Symphony Orchestra, David Measham conductor Recorded in the ABC’s Perth studios, May 1981 MAURICE RAVEL 1875-1937 Don Quichotte à Dulcinée Chanson romanesque Chanson épique Chanson à boire Words by Paul Morand Michael Brimer piano Recorded in the ABC’s Melbourne studios, 9-10 December 1982 WILFRED SANDERSON 1878-1935 Captain Mac Words by P.J. O’Reilly Ron Charles piano Live recording by South African Broadcasting Corporation, early 1970s Bruce Martin as Sarastro and Amanda Thane as Pamina in Opera Australia’s 1993 production of The Magic Flute 2’39 2’01 [7’10] 2’14 3’09 1’47 3’05 Bruce Martin bass-baritone These recordings have been sourced from a variety of original media with varying sonic quality. They have been remastered to remove as much noise as possible without interfering with the integrity of the original sound, and therefore some imperfections inherent in the original media will still be apparent. 8 9 Bruce Martin’s professional career in opera is as long as it is rich and varied. Well known in his native Australia as a singer of some of the largest and most challenging roles for bass, he first stepped onto the professional stage in Perth in 1969 appearing as Mephistopheles in the West Australian Opera production of Faust. In the four decades since, he has explored repertoire from Mozart to Wagner to 20thcentury and contemporary opera. Equally at home in Italian, German, Russian, French and English works, he is a skilled practitioner of the serious, comic and tragic, having played lover and lovelorn, master and servant, god and demon, vagabond and king. Indeed, those who have followed Martin’s operatic career may be surprised to discover in these recordings repertoire which reaches well beyond opera, oratorio and art song to include musicals, popular standards and spirituals. sexually voracious master, nor will she be the last, and to prove the point he reels off the list of Don Giovanni’s amorous conquests: 640 in Italy, 231 in Germany, 100 in France, 91 in Turkey and 1003 in Spain. The number-crunching of the aria’s first section gives way to a slower and more expansive second section. Here, Leporello points out that whether fat, thin, tall, short, rich, poor, blond or brunette, Don Giovanni doesn’t discriminate when it comes to choosing a lover. That said, there is one type of woman that thrills him above all: the young beginner. Don Giovanni was premiered in Prague in 1787 and performed in Vienna the following year. In Vienna, Leporello was played by Francesco Benucci, the singer who had created the title role in The Marriage of Figaro in 1786. Figaro’s aria Non più andrai brings down the curtain on the opera’s first act. With its jovial melody and catchy refrain it quickly became one of the opera’s best-known numbers. Indeed, Mozart quotes it in Don Giovanni : when an on-stage band strikes up the tune at Don Giovanni’s supper, Leporello cheekily comments, ‘Now that tune I know only too well!’ Diversity has been a hallmark of Martin’s career right from the start. In 1962, at the age of 20 – some years before making his stage debut – he appeared in a radio broadcast singing not only Wotan’s Farewell, from Die Walküre, but also two arias from Mozart’s Don Giovanni. In Madamina, il catalogo è questo (Catalogue Aria), Don Giovanni’s manservant, Leporello, takes a novel approach to pacifying the furious Donna Elvira, one of Don Giovanni’s discarded lovers. He draws to her attention the fact that she is not the first to be cast aside by his Franz Schubert is justly famous for his groundbreaking contribution to German accompanied song. Less well known are his settings of Italian poems. Il traditor deluso (The deluded traitor) and Il modo di prender moglie (The way to get a wife) are two of the three songs that make up Drei Gesänge (Three Songs), D902. The first, a setting of a poem by celebrated 18th-century 10 poet and librettist, Pietro Metastasio, is overtly operatic in style and structure. The protagonist’s troubled state of mind (‘Ah! I tremble! Waves of fear engulf me!’) is established in the declamatory opening section and intensified still further in the aria-like passage that follows (‘Lightning flashes around me’). If opera seria – ‘serious’ opera – is summoned in Il traditor deluso, it is the earthy comedy of opera buffa that is called to mind in Il modo di prender moglie. Here the protagonist unashamedly points out that he intends to marry for what he considers to be the best possible reason: money! Schubert dedicated the Drei Gesänge to Luigi Lablache, one of the finest basses of the age. This well-travelled singer – whose roles included Leporello and Figaro – was known on the great stages of Europe from London to Vienna to St Petersburg. ballad’s roles: narrator, father, son and Erl-King. Tragically, when father and son arrive at their destination, the boy is dead. Mozart’s penultimate opera, Die Zauberflöte (The Magic Flute), while technically a Singspiel (a comic opera with spoken dialogue), touches upon a number of theatrical genres. Consequently, the work’s musical topography is wide-ranging. Ein Mädchen oder Weibchen (A girl or a little wife) is in a simple, folk-like style well suited to the character who sings it – the unsophisticated bird-catcher, Papageno. Accompanying himself on his magic bells (i.e. glockenspiel), Papageno explains that what he most longs for in life is a partner to share it with (‘a girl or a little wife’), a wish that is fulfilled before the opera comes to a close. Don Giovanni is also hoping to ‘get lucky’ when he sings Fin ch’han dal vino (Champagne Aria), a brisk and brief aria in which he orders Leporello to prepare a great feast with plenty of wine and dancing. He expects that by party’s end twelve more names might be added to his catalogue of lovers. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s ballad Der Erlkönig (The Erl-King) has been set to music by a number of composers, Schubert’s lied doubtless being the best known. In 1818, three years after Schubert’s setting, it was set to music by German composer and singer, Carl Loewe. Goethe’s intensely dramatic poem traces a narrative in which a mortally ill boy and his desperate father hurtle through the night on horseback. The distressed boy claims that the Erl-King – a figure of death – is coming to take him away, but the father tries to dispel such thoughts. Interpretatively demanding, the song requires the performer to assume all four of the When the curtain goes up on Act III of Verdi’s Don Carlo, Philip II, King of Spain, is alone in his study. The monarch, for all his power and authority, appears isolated and vulnerable. As revealed in his great aria Ella giammai m’amò (She never loved me), it is affairs of the heart, not affairs of the state, that weigh most heavily on his mind. His wife, Elisabeth, is in love with the infante, Don Carlo – Philip’s son. It is a 11 achievements. The four poems are by his friend and one-time flatmate, Count Arseny Golenishchev-Kutuzov. As in Der Erlkönig, Death in Songs and Dances of Death appears as an embodied figure, an individual who speaks to and of the human subjects he is about to strike down. Despite the title, ‘Lullaby’ is not a sentimental cradle song. On the contrary, the refrain ‘Sleep now, my little one, sleep’ is sung by the interloper, Death. Materialising before a distressed mother and her feverish child, Death softly and gently lulls the child to lifeless sleep. In ‘Serenade’, Death appears before a dying young woman and assumes the guise of a lover. He announces himself as ‘a lone cavalier with a wondrous power’. As he describes it, the maiden’s demise is not a thing to be feared but a moment of rapturous surrender. The scenario offered in ‘Trepak’ is quite different. Death stalks a drunken peasant lost in the forest on a wild and snowy night. He entreats the peasant to rest until morning in the soft, pure flakes of snow. Dreaming of a golden harvest, the peasant falls into a slumber from which he never awakes. In the final song of the cycle, ‘The FieldMarshal’, Death drops the pretence of being a benign and comforting figure and, instead, stands victorious on the battlefield, picking his way over the fallen on both sides. In war, it is Death that is the supreme victor. Mussorgsky wrote the Songs and Dances of Death for voice and piano in 1875-77. Here they are performed in Edison Denisov’s orchestrated version of 1983. situation that does not arouse Philip to anger but, rather, causes him to reflect upon his loneliness and mortality. It was the character of Philip that attracted Verdi to Schiller’s Don Carlos in the first place and in this scene the composer offers one of his finest and most profound operatic monologues. For many, Bruce Martin is known above all as a Wagner singer, having tackled on stage and in concert most of Wagner’s most demanding roles for bass including Hans Sachs, Wotan, Hagen and King Marke. King Marke’s monologue, Tatest du’s wirklich? (Have you really?), from Act II of Tristan und Isolde, is a lengthy discourse on love, loyalty and honour. Tristan, Marke’s nephew, has been caught in flagrante delicto with Isolde, Marke’s wife. Rather than flying into a rage, the king delivers a long and affecting speech in which he expresses his profound disappointment upon learning of Tristan’s treachery. Marke’s anger is expressed as anguish rather than fury. He speaks of his heart being pierced and of honour itself being devalued now that Tristan, ‘champion of all honour’, has shown himself to be dishonourable. Confused and saddened, Marke delivers question after question to Tristan (‘Why this hell for me? Why this disgrace?’), rhetorical flourishes as well as vain searches for answers. Mussorgsky’s song cycle Songs and Dances of Death is widely held to be one of his greatest 12 Bruce Martin as Wotan in Opera Australia’s 1984 production of Die Walküre Die Walküre, 1983: Crowning this vocal array, and bestriding the entire performance like a colossus, was the Wotan of Bruce Martin. This is a Wotan of rare magnificence. – The National Times 13 Bruce Martin lived overseas for most of the 1970s. He sang at Covent Garden in 1970 and 1971, and lectured at the University of Natal in South Africa between 1972 and 1978. It was in South Africa that he recorded the popular hits and show tunes that appear on the second disc in this set. melody, however, was borrowed from a French song, Comme d’habitude, the rights to which Anka allegedly obtained at no cost. My Way not only revitalised Sinatra’s career, it quickly established itself as a classic. If My Way had to make the transition from French to English in order to reach a world-wide audience, no such process was required for A Day in the Life of a Fool, a song that became a hit in its original Portuguese (as Manhã de Carnaval ) thanks to its appearance in the 1959 Brazilian film Black Orpheus. Although never called the ‘Theme from Black Orpheus’, it effectively became known as such. One of the original bossa nova songs, A Day in the Life of a Fool has a wistful and haunting quality, attributable not just to the words, but to the song’s minor key, somewhat irregular melodic line and languid tempo. Lyricist Alan Jay Lerner and composer Frederick Loewe formed one of the most successful musical collaborations of the 20th century, with works such as Brigadoon, My Fair Lady and Gigi to their credit. They Call the Wind Maria is one of the enduring numbers from their 1951 musical Paint Your Wagon, a show set in California during the 1850s Gold Rush. The song captures the vitality and grandeur of the outdoors while also touching upon the isolation and solitude of frontier life. The Impossible Dream is the signature tune from the 1965 musical Man of La Mancha, an adaptation of Cervantes’ Don Quixote by Mitch Lee and Joe Darion. Don Quixote’s idealistic but mad quest – his desire to ‘fight the unbeatable foe’ and ‘right the unrightable wrong’ – is given a certain nobility and dignity in The Impossible Dream. A widely performed number, it has been recorded by artists as disparate as Cher, Diana Ross and the Supremes, and Frank Sinatra. And I Love You So and For the Good Times both date from 1970. The latter, which was written by singer-songwriter, actor and former Rhodes scholar, Kris Kristofferson, was made famous by country and western performer Ray Price. It was awarded ‘Song of the Year’ in 1970 by the Academy of Country Music. Don McLean was unknown as a songwriter and performer at the time he released his album Tapestry. But the album’s most popular song, And I Love You So, quickly brought him widespread attention. Within a few years it was recorded by a range of artists including Perry Como (it was his last Top 40 hit) and Elvis Presley. Frank Sinatra is the name that springs to mind at the mention of My Way, as indeed it should, given that lyricist Paul Anka was attentive to Sinatra’s voice when he penned the words. The 14 river, He just keeps rollin’ along’). The song was written for Robeson, who first sang it in a 1928 London production of Showboat, but it was Warfield who impressed Bruce Martin with his performance in the 1951 film version. Like Lerner and Loewe, songwriter Richard Rodgers and lyricist Oscar Hammerstein II formed one of the great partnerships of the musical stage. You’ll Never Walk Alone is from their 1945 musical Carousel. The song’s uplifting words and noble melody resonated with audiences at mid-century, offering comfort to those affected by World War II. It is no surprise, then, that You’ll Never Walk Alone has been pressed into service on occasions when hope and fortitude are called for. Soprano Renée Fleming sang it at Ground Zero on the first anniversary of 9/11. In the United Kingdom it is known to countless soccer fans as the Liverpool FC anthem. Lord God of Abraham, from Part I of Mendelssohn’s oratorio Elijah, occurs at a crucial dramatic juncture in the work. The priests of the false god Baal stand in opposition to Elijah, prophet of Israel. A sacrifice has been prepared and the priests call on their god to send down fire. But their loud cries are met with silence and inaction. Elijah, in turn, summons with dignity and humility the ‘Lord God of Abraham, Isaac and Israel’. ‘Show this people,’ he implores, ‘that thou art Lord God and let their hearts be turned.’ Elijah’s prayer is answered and the divine fire descends from heaven and consumes the offering. The people declare their faith in the God of Israel and the priests of Baal are taken away to be slain. Elijah is rather more despondent in It is Enough, a reflective episode from Part II. Confronted by further opposition, the prophet retreats to the wilderness and asks that his life be taken away from him. Angry that ‘the children of Israel have broken thy covenant,’ he declares himself a failure before God. Crestfallen and disillusioned, he intones repeatedly, ‘It is enough.’ Deep River and Ol’ Man River are for many people synonymous with the great AfricanAmerican bass Paul Robeson, but it was another black American singer, William Warfield, who inspired the young Bruce Martin. Still in high school and ten years away from even considering a career as a singer, Martin was nevertheless struck by Warfield’s warmth of tone and natural expressiveness. In Deep River, one of the most famous of African-American spirituals, the river in question is the Jordan, invested with biblical and metaphorical significance as the gateway to the Promised Land and the afterlife. The river in Ol’ Man River is the Mississippi, but it too is given symbolic and mythical meaning (‘He must know somethin’, But don’t say nothin’, That ol’ man Although Rimsky-Korsakov’s opera Sadko is not particularly well known outside Russia, music 15 from Scene 4, including the Song of the Viking Guest, enjoys widespread popularity. In this scene, three different traders – Viking, Hindu and Venetian – sing of their respective homelands. The Hindu trader’s aria is the famous ‘Song of India’. The Viking presents himself as a somewhat fearsome character, as made clear by the song’s turbulent orchestral introduction. Wind, storm and harshness have moulded the Viking’s character, he explains, and all nations tremble at the sight of the Viking banner. ‘Their god is lord of all, the god of thunder!’ Varlaam’s Song from Mussorgsky’s Boris Godunov is an even more tempestuous aria. Varlaam, a vagabond monk, offers a rambunctious account of Ivan the Terrible’s siege of Kazan. Fyodor Stravinsky, father of Igor Stravinsky, was a renowned interpreter of both Varlaam’s Song and the Song of the Viking Guest. Ravel’s last completed work. Cervantes’ monumental novel – published in two parts in 1605 and 1615 – is one of the pre-eminent works of European literature. A sophisticated parody of knightly romances, it has given rise to innumerable adaptations including, as we have seen, Man of La Mancha. The eponymous hero, who imagines himself to be a knight errant, believes that he fights on behalf of his noble lady, Dulcinea. ‘Chanson romanesque’ (Romanesque song) is a love song to Dulcinea. In ‘Chanson épique’ (Epic Song), Don Quixote prays to Saint Michael to bless and protect both his weapons and his noble lady. As the title makes clear, ‘Chanson à boire’ (Drinking Song) presents us with an unbuttoned Don Quixote. ‘I drink to pleasure!’ he exclaims, ‘Pleasure is the only goal that I can aim at straight when I’ve been drinking!’ As befitting the composer of Boléro and Rapsodie espagnole, Ravel (whose mother was Basque) brings a dash of Spanish flavour to Don Quichotte, with guitar-like effects, colourful harmonies, capricious rhythms and vocal melismas. When impresario Serge Diaghilev introduced Boris Godunov to audiences in Paris in 1908, the title role was sung by Fyodor Shalyapin, one of the great basses of the century. The three songs that comprise Ravel’s Don Quichotte à Dulcinée (Don Quixote to Dulcinea) – settings of poems by Paul Morand – were written with Shalyapin’s voice in mind. Ravel was commissioned to write the songs for Georg Pabst’s film of Cervantes’ Don Quixote starring the great Russian bass. However, as it turned out, settings by Ibert, not Ravel, were used in the film. Composed in 1932-33, Don Quichotte is Like Don Giovanni, Captain John MacPherson is a man with a talent for attracting the ladies. But whereas Don Giovanni is the hunter, sailor Captain Mac is the prey – women, to his consternation, find him irresistible. Unable to fend them off, he is advised to pursue the most effective course of action: to take a wife. Captain Mac, by composer Wilfred Sanderson 16 and lyricist P.J. O’Reilly, was written in 1915. A popular song from a bygone age, it is one of the many thousands of songs written at a time when the ‘light music’ industry centred around the domestic piano – a time when music was not just listened to, but played and sung by amateurs and professionals alike. Robert Gibson Don Giovanni, 1981: Bruce Martin provided a marvellously swaggering Don, a most accomplished and likeable dissolute. His vocal characterisations revealed great flexibility, ranging from a full strong tone, though never harsh, through a sweet crooning designed to woo Zerlina, to a great variety of tonal colour in his recitatives. His acting equalled his singing. – Sydney Morning Herald Rusalka, 2007: Bruce Martin’s commandingly sung Water Sprite is both intimidating and caring. – The Australian Bruce Martin as the Water Sprite has insistent potency. – Sydney Morning Herald Bruce Martin [has] the nuance, authority, excitement and vocal power required. – Sunday Herald Sun The veteran bass with a surfer’s physique is in his element. – Herald Sun 17 CD1 2 1 Leporello: Madamina, il catalogo è questo Delle belle che amò il padron mio; Un catalogo egli è che ho fatt’io. Osservate, leggete con me. In Italia seicento e quaranta, In Alemagna duecento e trentuna, Cento in Francia, in Turchia novantuna; Ma in Ispagna son già mille e tre! V’han fra queste contadine, Cameriere, cittadine, V’han contesse, baronesse, Marchesine, principesse. E v’han donne d’ogni grado, D’ogni forma, d’ogni età. Nella bionda egli ha l’usanza Di lodar la gentilezza, Nella bruna la costanza, Nella bianca la dolcezza. Vuol d’inverno la grassotta, Vuol d’estate la magrotta; E la grande maestosa, La piccina è ognor vezzosa. Delle vecchie fa conquista Pel piacer di porle in lista; Sua passion predominante È la giovin principiante. Non si picca se sia ricca, Se sia brutta, se sia bella; Purchè porti la gonnella, Voi sapete quel che fa. Little lady, this is the list of the beauties that my master has loved; a list I compiled myself. Look here, read with me. In Italy six hundred and forty; in Germany two hundred and thirty-one; one hundred in France, in Turkey ninety-one; but in Spain there are already a thousand and three! Here you’ve got peasant girls, servants, townspeople, you’ve got countesses, baronesses, marquesses, princesses. And there are women of every class, of every shape, of every age. With the blondes he usually praises their manners, with the brunettes, their faithfulness, with the white-haired ones, their sweetness. In the winter he wants the heavy ones, in the summer he wants the slim ones; the big ones are majestic, the little ones are charming. He goes after the old ones for the pleasure of putting them on the list; his overriding passion is for the young beginners. He doesn’t care if a woman is rich, if she’s ugly, if she’s pretty: as long as she’s in a skirt, you know what he does. 18 3 Figaro: Non più andrai, farfallone amoroso, Notte e giorno d’intorno girando, Delle belle turbando il riposo, Narcisetto, Adoncino d’amor! Non più avrai questi bei pennacchini, Quel cappello leggero e galante, Quella chioma, quell’aria brillante, Quel vermiglio donnesco color. Tra guerrieri, poffar Bacco! Gran mustacchi, stretto sacco, Schioppo in spalla, sciabla al fianco, Collo dritto, muso franco, Un gran casco o un gran turbante, Molto onor, poco contante, Ed invece del fandango, Una marcia per il fango, Per montagne, per valloni, Con le nevi e i sollioni, Al concerto di tromboni, Di bombarde, di cannoni, Che le palle in tutti i tuoni All’orecchio fan fischiar. Cherubino, alla vittoria, Alla gloria militar! No more, you amorous butterfly, will you go fluttering around night and day, disturbing the rest of all the pretty girls, a little Narcissus and Adonis of love. You won’t have those fine feathers any more, that elegant, dashing hat, those curls, that striking air, those girlish rosy cheeks. You’ll be amongst soldiers, by Bacchus! A huge moustache, a knapsack, gun on your shoulder, sword at your side, your neck straight, your nose exposed, a big helmet, or a big turban, a lot of honour, very little pay, and instead of the fandango, a march through the mud, over mountains, through valleys, in winter snow and blazing summer sun, to the music of trumpets, guns and cannons, and your ears will ring with the sound of bullets whistling past. Cherubino, off you go to victory, to a soldier’s glory! Il traditor deluso Aimè, io tremo! Lo sente tutto inondarmi il seno di gelido sudor! Fuggasi, ah quale? Qual’ è la via? Chi me l’addita? Oh Dio! che ascoltai? Che m’avvenne? Oh Dio! che ascoltai? Ove son io? The deluded traitor Ah! I tremble! Waves of fear engulf me! I must flee – but where? Where can I escape? How did I get here? Oh God! What are these sounds? What’s happening? Oh God! What are these sounds? Where am I? 19 4 Ah l’aria d’intorno lampeggia, sfavilla; Ondeggia, vacilla l’infido terren! Qual notte profonda D’orror mi circonda! Che larve funeste, Che smanie son queste! Che fiero spavento mi sento nel sen! Lightning flashes around me, the ground trembles beneath me! In the depths of night horrors surround me! Gloomy shadows fill me with fear. Translation: Bruce Martin Ho detto e’l ridico, Lo fò per li contanti, Lo fanno tanti e tanti Anch’io lo farò. I’ll say it and say it again: I’m marrying money! Many have done it in the past and so will I, damn it! Der Erlkönig Wer reitet so spät durch Nacht und Wind? Es ist der Vater mit seinem Kind; Er hat den Knaben wohl in dem Arm, Er faßt ihn sicher, er hält ihn warm. The Erl-King Who is it riding so late through the night and the wind? It’s a father with his child; he has the lad safe in his arms, he’s holding him tight and keeping him warm. Il modo di prender moglie Or sù, non ci pensiamo, Coraggio e concludiamo, Al fin, s’io prendo moglie, Sò ben perchè lo fò. The way to get a wife Right! No more sitting around thinking about it, here’s to courage and putting an end to it: I have to find a wife. Why? »Mein Sohn, was birgst du so bang dein Gesicht?« »Siehst, Vater, du den Erlkönig nicht? Den Erlenkönig mit Kron und Schweif?« »Mein Sohn, es ist ein Nebelstreif.« ‘My son, why are you hiding your face in fear?’ ‘Father, can’t you see the Erl-King? The Erl-King with his crown and train?’ ‘It’s just a trick of the fog, son.’ Lo fò per pagar i debiti, La prendo per contanti, Di dirlo, e di ripeterlo, Difficoltà non ho. To pay my debts of course! To get some cash! I’ll say it, and say it again: it shouldn’t be too difficult to find one. »Du liebes Kind, komm, geh mit mir! Gar schöne Spiele spiel ich mit dir; Manch bunte Blumen sind an dem Strand, Meine Mutter hat manch gülden Gewand.« ‘Dear child, come with me! I will play such lovely games with you; the river banks are covered with flowers, my mother will dress you in robes of gold.’ Fra tanti modi e tanti Di prender moglie al mondo, Un modo più giocondo Del mio trovar non sò. Of all the reasons that exist for taking a wife, what could be more pleasurable than marrying to get out of debt? »Mein Vater, mein Vater, und hörest du nicht, Was Erlenkönig mir leise verspricht?« »Sei ruhig, bleibe ruhig, mein Kind: In dürren Blättern säuselt der Wind.« ‘Father, father, can’t you hear what the Erl-King’s whispers are promising me?’ ‘Hush, hush, my child: it’s the wind whispering in the dry leaves.’ Si prende per affetto, Si prende per rispetto, Si prende per consiglio, Si prende per puntiglio, Si prende per capriccio, È vero, si o nò? Some marry for affection, some for respect, some because they’re told to, some because they’re forced to, and others out of sheer caprice. Well it’s true, isn’t it?!! »Willst, feiner Knabe, du mit mir gehn? Meine Töchter sollen dich warten schön; Meine Töchter führen den nächtlichen Reihn Und wiegen und tanzen und singen dich ein.« ‘Fine lad, would you like to come with me? My daughters would delight to wait on you; with their nightly dances, my daughters will rock you and dance you and sing you to sleep.’ Ed io per medicina Di tutti i mali miei Un poco di sposina Prendere non potrò? So tell me: why shouldn’t I take – as ‘medicine’ for my ailing finances – a spot of wealthy wife? »Mein Vater, mein Vater, und siehst du nicht dort Erlkönigs Töchter am düstern Ort?« »Mein Sohn, mein Sohn, ich seh es genau: Es scheinen die alten Weiden so grau.« ‘Father, father, can’t you see the Erl-King’s daughters over there in the darkness?’ ‘My son, my son, I can see perfectly: It’s the old grey willow trees.’ »Ich liebe dich, mich reizt deine schöne Gestalt; Und bist du nicht willig, so brauch ich Gewalt.« »Mein Vater, mein Vater, jetzt faßt er mich an! Erlkönig hat mir ein Leids getan!« ‘I love you, your beautiful face enchants me; and if you won’t come of your own will, I shall use force.’ ‘Father, father, now he has taken hold of me! The Erl-King has hurt me!’ 20 Translation: Bruce Martin 5 21 6 7 Dem Vater grauset’s, er reitet geschwind, Er hält in Armen das ächzende Kind, Erreicht den Hof mit Müh’ und Not: In seinen Armen das Kind war tot. In his dread, the father rides like the wind, holding the groaning child in his arms; driven by desperation, he reaches the gate: the child in his arms was dead. Papageno: Ein Mädchen oder Weibchen Wünscht Papageno sich; O so ein sanftes Täubchen Wär Seligkeit für mich. Dann schmeckte mir Trinken und Essen; Dann könnte’ ich mit Fürsten mich messen, Des Lebens als Weiser mich freun, Und wie im Elysium sein. Ach, kann ich denn keiner von allen Den reizenden Mädchen gefallen? Helf’ eine mir nur aus der Not, Sonst gräm’ ich mich wahrlich zu Tod. Wird keiner mir Liebe gewähren, So muß mich die Flamme verzehren; Doch küsst mich ein weiblicher Mund, So bin ich schon wieder gesund. A girl or a little wife is what Papageno wishes for himself; Oh, such a soft little dove would be bliss for me. Then food and drink would taste good to me; then I could measure myself with princes, enjoy life as a wise man, and feel like I’m in Elysium. Ah, all those charming girls – can’t I please any of them? If only one of them would help me out of my plight, otherwise I will worry myself to death. If no one will grant me love, then the flame must consume me; but with one kiss from a womanly mouth I will be restored to health. Don Giovanni: Fin ch’han dal vino calda la testa, una gran festa fa’ preparar. Se trovi in piazza qualche ragazza, teco ancor quella cerca menar. Senza alcun ordine la danza sia; chi ’l minuetto, chi la follia, chi l’alemana farai ballar. Ed io frattanto dall’altro canto con questa e quella vo’ amoreggiar. Ah, la mia lista doman mattina d’una decina devi aumentar. To get their heads hot with wine, go and prepare a big party. If you meet a girl in the piazza, try to bring her along with you. Let the dances happen as they will; a minuet, a folia, an allemande to get them on their feet. In the meantime I shall have my own fun flirting with this girl and that. Ah, my list: tomorrow morning you shall have at least ten new names. 22 8 9 Don Carlo: Ella giammai m’amò...! No, quel cor chiuso è a me, Amor per me non ha...! Io la rivedo ancor contemplar trista in volto il mio crin bianco il dì che qui di Francia venne. No, amor per me non ha! Ove son...? Quei doppier presso a finir...! L’aurora imbianca il mio veron! Già spunta il di! Passar veggo i miei giorni lenti! Il sonno, o Dio! Spari da’ miei occhi languenti! Dormirò sol nel manto mio regal Quando la mia giornata è giunta a sera; Dormirò sol sotto la volta nera Là, nell’avello dell’Escurial! Se il serto regal a me desse il poter Di leggere nei cor, che Dio sol può veder...! Se dorme il prence, veglia il traditore; Il serto perde il Re, il consorte l’onore! She never loved me! No, that heart is closed to me, she has no love for me. I can still see her gazing with a sad face at my white hair the day she came here from France. No, she has no love for me! Where am I? These candles about to burn down… The dawn lightens my window… already day is breaking! I see my days passing slowly. Sleep, O God, has fled my weary eyes. I shall sleep in my royal mantle only when my day reaches its evening. I shall sleep only under the black vault, there in the tomb of the Escurial. If only the royal crown gave me the power to read in hearts what God alone can see! If the prince falls asleep, the traitor is watching; the king loses his crown, the husband his honour! Marke: Tatest du’s wirklich? Wähnst du das? Sieh ihn dort, den treuesten aller Treuen; blick auf ihn, den freundlichsten der Freunde: seiner Treue freister Tat traf mein Herz mit feindlichstem Verrat! Trog mich Tristan, sollt’ ich hoffen, was sein Trügen mir getroffen, sei durch Melots Rat redlich mir bewahrt? Have you really? Is that what you believe? Look at him there, the truest of the true; look at him, the dearest of friends: his loyalty’s freest deed pierced my heart with the most hostile treachery! If Tristan has betrayed me, can I hope that what his treachery has cost me might in honesty be restored to me as you suggest, Melot? 23 Tristan: Tagsgespenster! Morgenträume! täuschend und wüst! Entschwebt! Entweicht! Spirits of day! Dreams of morning! Deceitful and desolate, fade away, dissolve into the air! Marke: Mir dies? Dies, Tristan, mir? Wohin nun Treue, da Tristan mich betrog? Wohin nun Ehr’ und echte Art, da aller Ehren Hort, da Tristan sie verlor? Die Tristan sich zum Schild erkor, wohin ist Tugend nun entflohn, da meinen Freund sie flieht, da Tristan mich verriet? Wozu die Dienste ohne Zahl, der Ehren Ruhm, der Grösse Macht, die Marken du gewannst; musst’ Ehr’ und Ruhm, Gröss’ und Macht, musste die Dienste ohne Zahl dir Markes Schmach bezahlen? Dünkte zu wenig dich sein Dank, dass, was du ihm erworben, Ruhm und Reich, er zu Erb’ und Eigen dir gab? Da kinderlos einst schwand sein Weib, so liebt’ er dich, dass nie aufs neu sich Marke wollt vermählen. Da alles Volk zu Hof und Land mit Bitt’ und Dräuen in ihn drang, die Königin dem Lande, die Gattin sich zu kiesen; da selber du den Ohm beschworst, This, to me? This, Tristan, to me? Where is loyalty now, when Tristan has betrayed me? Where are honour and honesty, now that Tristan, the champion of all honour, has lost them? Tristan appointed himself the emblem of virtue; where now is virtue flown, fleeing from my friend, now that Tristan has betrayed me? Why did you lavish me with your service? why did you win for King Mark the glory of honour, the greatness of power? Must the honour and glory, the greatness and the power, the services without number be paid for with Mark’s dishonour? Did you value so little his gratitude, which gave you as your own inheritance the renown and kingdom you had won for him? When his wife died childless, his love for you was so great that Mark intended never to wed again. When all the people from court and country pleaded, begged, implored him to give the land a queen and take himself a wife; when you yourself swore to your uncle 24 that you would be pleased to carry out the wishes of the court and the will of the country: setting himself against court and country, setting himself against even you, with careful consideration and kindness of heart, he declined, until you, Tristan, threatened to forswear court and country for ever unless you yourself were sent to win the king his bride, and then he let it be so. This wondrous woman, won for me by your courage – who could see her, who could know her, who could proudly call her his own and not count himself blessed? She whom I could never dare approach, she for whom in bashful reverence I foreswore my desires, so splendid, so lovely, so sublime that she cannot help but refresh my soul: in the face of enemies and danger you brought to me the royal bride. Now, since by such a possession you rendered my heart more vulnerable to pain than before, there, where I was weakest, soft and exposed, did the blow fall, leaving me no hope of ever finding healing. Why, wretch, did you wound me there so cruelly, with the weapon of agonising poison searing and maiming my senses and my mind so that all faith in friendship is denied me des Hofes Wunsch, des Landes Willen gütlich zu erfüllen; in Wehr wider Hof und Land, in Wehr selbst gegen dich, mit List und Güte weigerte er sich, bis, Tristan, du ihm drohtest, für immer zu meiden Hof und Land, würdest du selber nicht entsandt, dem König die Braut zu frein, da liess er’s denn so sein. Dies wundervolle Weib, das mir dein Mut gewann, wer durft’ es sehen, wer es kennen, wer mit Stolze sein es nennen, ohne selig sich zu preisen? Der mein Wille nie zu nahen wagte, der mein Wunsch ehrfurchtscheu entsagte, die so herrlich hold erhaben mir die Seele musste laben, trotz Feind und Gefahr, die fürstliche Braut brachtest du mir dar. Nun, da durch solchen Besitz mein Herz du fühlsamer schufst als sonst dem Schmerz, dort wo am weichsten, zart und offen, würd’ ich getroffen, nie zu hoffen, dass je ich könnte gesunden: warum so sehrend, Unseliger, dort nun mich verwunden? Dort mit der Waffe quälendem Gift, das Sinn und Hirn mir sengend versehrt, das mir dem Freund die Treue verwehrt, 25 mein offnes Herz erfüllt mit Verdacht, dass ich nun heimlich in dunkler Nacht den Freund lauschend beschleiche, meiner Ehren Ende erreiche? Die kein Himmel erlöst, warum mir diese Hölle? Die kein Elend sühnt, warum mir diese Schmach? Den unerforschlich tief geheimnisvollen Grund, wer macht der Welt ihn kund? and my open heart is filled with suspicion, so that now, secretly, in the dark of the night, I steal up on a friend to eavesdrop and find my honour ended? No heaven can redeem it for me; why must I endure this hell? No misery can atone for my honour; why must I suffer this disgrace? Who will reveal to the world the reason, in all its secret, unfathomable depths? Don Quichotte à Dulcinée I. Chanson romanesque Si vous me disiez que la terre A tant tourner vous offensa, Je lui depêcherais Pança: Vous la verriez fixe et se taire. Don Quixote to Dulcinea I. Romanesque Song If you were to tell me that the earth offended you with all its turning, I would send out Panza to take care of the matter: you would see it still and silent. Si vous me disiez que l’ennui Vous vient du ciel trop fleuri d’astres, Déchirant les divins cadastres, Je faucherais d’un coup la nuit. If you were to tell me that the sky bored you with all its blossoming stars, tearing asunder the divine vault, I would sweep away the night with a single blow. Si vous me disiez que l’espace Ainsi vidé ne vous plaît point, Chevalier-dieu, la lance au poing, J’étoilerais le vent qui passe. If you were to tell me that space, thus emptied, was not at all to your liking, god-like, lance in hand, this knight would stud the passing wind with stars. Mais si vous me disiez que mon sang Est plus à moi qu’à vous, ma Dame, Je blêmirais dessous le blâme Et je mourrais, vous bénissant. O Dulcinée. But if you were to tell me that my blood belonged more to me than to you, my Lady, I would blanch at the reproach and die, blessing you. O Dulcinea. % CD2 $ 26 ^ II. Chanson épique Bon Saint Michel qui me donnez loisir De voir ma Dame et de l’entendre, Bon Saint Michel qui me daignez choisir Pour lui complaire et la défendre, Bon Saint Michel, veuillez descendre Avec Saint Georges sur l’autel De la Madone au bleu mantel. II. Epic Song Good St Michael who gives me leave to see my Lady and to hear her, good St Michael who deigned to choose me for her pleasure and her defence, good St Michael, be pleased to descend with St George to the altar of the Madonna of the blue mantle. D’un rayon du ciel bénissez ma lame Et son égale en pureté Et son égale en piété Comme en pudeur et chasteté: Ma Dame, (O grands Saint Georges et Saint Michel) L’ange qui veille sur ma veille, Ma douce Dame si pareille A Vous, Madone au bleu mantel! Amen. Bless my blade with a ray from heaven; and bless too its equal in purety and its equal in piety, as also in modesty and chastity: My Lady, (O great St George and St Michael) the angel who watches over my vigil, my sweet Lady so like you, Madonna of the blue mantle! Amen. III. Chanson à boire Foin du bastard, illustre Dame, Qui pour me perdre à vos doux yeux Dit que l’amour et le vin vieux Mettent en deuil mon cœur, mon âme! III. Drinking Song To hell with the bastard, my noble Lady, who tries to lower me in your sweet eyes by saying that love and aged wine will cast my heart and soul into grief! Je bois à la joie! La joie est le seul but Où je vais droit… lorsque j’ai… Lorsque j’ai bu! Ah! La joie! Je bois à la joie! I drink to pleasure! Pleasure is the only goal that I can aim at straight… when I’ve… when I’ve been drinking! Ah! Pleasure! I drink to pleasure! Foin du jaloux, brune maîtresse, Qui geind, qui pleure et fait serment D’être toujours ce pale amant Qui met de l’eau dans son ivresse! Ah! Je bois à la joie! To hell with the jealous man, my dark-haired mistress, who moans and weeps and swears that he will always be that pale lover who waters his drunkenness! Ah! I drink to pleasure! 27 Bruce Martin as Pelsaert in Opera Australia’s 2006 production of Batavia Rheingold. This was the beginning of an association that lasted nearly 30 years. Bruce Martin A graduate of the University of Western Australia and a former university lecturer, Bruce Martin began his singing career in Perth, performing oratorio and lieder. Winning most of the major singing competitions in Australia in 1968 gave him the opportunity to gain experience overseas, to help achieve his ambition of singing with Australia’s national opera company. In 1969 he moved to England, where he was immediately offered work by the Royal Opera House Covent Garden, the BBC and Scottish National Opera. However, changes to the British laws on patrial immigration status forced him to leave England in 1971 with his wife and two young children; the journey back to Australia took several years, via opera houses in Germany and the music department of the University of Natal in Durban, South Africa, where he lectured while performing with the various South African Arts Councils. Bruce Martin has performed many of the major Verdi bass roles, including Zaccaria (Nabucco), Padre Guardiano (The Force of Destiny ), Banquo (Macbeth ) and Ramphis (Aida). Other roles have included Assur (Semiramide), Sarastro (The Magic Flute ), Alphonso (Lucrezia Borgia), Escamillo (Carmen), Raimondo (Lucia di Lammermoor ), Dr Bartolo (The Marriage of Figaro ), Scarpia (Tosca ), Mephistopheles (Faust), Jokanaan (Salome), Boris (Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk ), the four bass roles in The Tales of Hoffmann and the title role in Don Giovanni. He created the role of Commander Pelsaert in the world premiere season of Richard Mills’ Batavia in Melbourne in 2001. His final performances for Opera Australia were in 2007, as the powerful figure of Vodnik in Rusalka. But it is in the Wagnerian repertoire that Bruce Martin is best known; his roles have included Wotan (Das Rheingold and Die Walküre), Fasolt (Das Rheingold), Hagen (Götterdämmerung), He finally made his debut for The Australian Opera (now Opera Australia) in 1979, singing Fasolt in a concert performance of Das Batavia, 2004: Above all, it was the commanding figure of Bruce Martin as Pelsaert who gave the performance its dramatic integrity. He was the rock upon which the edifice was built, and his wonderfully clear diction made the surtitles almost redundant. – Opera Opera 28 29 Heinrich (Lohengrin ), King Marke (Tristan und Isolde) and Hans Sachs (The Mastersingers of Nuremberg) – it was for his portrayal of Sachs that Bruce Martin received the 1994 Green Room Award for Best Male Artist. Pelsaert, Mephistopheles and Escamillo. He has featured in numerous concerts with the Sydney, Melbourne, Queensland, Tasmanian and West Australian Symphony Orchestras. He has also appeared in the Sydney Festival as Orestes (Elektra ) and performed with West Australia Opera as Capulet (Roméo et Juliette ), Sharpless (Madama Butterfly ), Oroveso (Norma ), In 2006, Bruce Martin was made a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for his services to music, and for his advocacy of Australian performing arts companies, which has continued in his retirement. Executive Producers Martin Buzacott, Robert Patterson, Cyrus Meher-Homji Consultant Elisabeth Turner Mastering Digital Compact Disc Mastering Remastering Engineers Marko Srdanov-Miletic, Sandy Shi Editorial and Production Manager Hilary Shrubb Publications Editor Natalie Shea Alun and Patricia Kenwood Peter and Avril McGrath David and Pamela McKee Kirsten Mander John and Isobel Morgan Tom and Ruth O’Dea Dr Michael Troy Paul Williamson Bruce Martin as Hans Sachs in Opera Australia’s 1993 production of The Mastersingers of Nuremberg Booklet Design Imagecorp Pty Ltd ABC Classics thanks Bruce Martin, Michael Brimer, Rebecca Ameriks (Universal Music Australia), Sam Russell (Opera Australia), Virginia Read, Alexandra Alewood and Katherine Kemp. Artist Photos Branco Gaica pp9, 13 and 28, Bruce Martin p2, Don McMurdo p31. Production photos supplied by Opera Australia. This CD was made possible through the kind assistance of: Moya Crane Joanne Daniels Martin and Susie Dickson Dr Helen Ferguson Dr Anthony Grigg 2009 Australian Broadcasting Corporation/Universal Music Australia Pty Limited. 훿 2009 Australian Broadcasting Corporation/Universal Music Australia Pty Limited. Distributed in Australia and New Zealand by Universal Music Group, under exclusive licence. Made in Australia. All rights of the owner of copyright reserved. Any copying, renting, lending, diffusion, public performance or broadcast of this record without the authority of the copyright owner is prohibited. 30 The Mastersingers of Nuremberg, 2003: Opera Australia has Bruce Martin playing the shoemaker. Correction – being the shoemaker. Martin plays Hans Sachs with the kind of stillness and ease that wins actors Oscars. It goes without saying that he sings the role superbly. It’s nigh on impossible to describe artists at the peak of their craft without descending into cliché, but that’s precisely where Martin is, at the very peak. What he is doing is fusing his craft and his art. – The Australian Financial Review 31