Elementary Study Companion

Transcription

Elementary Study Companion
for Swiss learners
Liz and John Soars
3
NEW HEADWAY ELEMENTARY STUDY COMPANION
© Oxford University Press www.oup.com/elt
Wordlist
Unit 1
international adj /%Int@"n&Sn@l/
apple n /"&pl/
● pomme mela
Apfel
I eat an apple every day.
bag n /b&g/
● sac, sachet borsa, sacchetto Tasche, Tüte
Would you like a bag for your shopping?
because conj /bI"kQz/
● parce que perché weil
I don’t like the sea because I can’t swim.
brother n /"brVD@/
● frère fratello Bruder
I have one brother. His name is Michael.
camera n /"kamr@/
● appareil photo macchina fotografica Fotoapparat
Did you bring the camera? I’d like to take a picture.
children n pl /"tSIldr@n/
● enfants bambini Kinder
How many children do you have?
cinema n /"sIn@m@/
● cinéma cinema Kino
We’re going to the cinema tonight to see a film.
country n /"kVntri/
● pays paese Land
What country are you from?
day n /deI/
● jour giorno Tag
Which day would you like to meet: Wednesday or Thursday?
dictionary n /"dIkS@nri/
● dictionnaire dizionario Wörterbuch
Find the words in the dictionary.
doctor n /"dQkt@/
● médecin dottore, dottoressa, medico Arzt/Ärztin
I went to see the doctor when I hurt my leg.
evening n /"i:vnIN/
● soir sera Abend
Will you be at home this evening after work?
extension n /Ik"stenS@n/
● poste (numero di telefono) interno (Neben)anschluss
I need your extension so I can call you at work.
fine adj /faIn/
● bien bene gut
‘How’s Jack?’ ‘Oh, he’s fine.’
flat n /fl&t/
● appartement appartamento Wohnung
Anna and Richard live in the flat next door.
from prep /frQm/
● de, à partir de da, di von, aus
They come from China.
goodbye /gUd"baI/
● au revoir arrivederci auf Wiedersehen
Goodbye. I’m going home.
have v /h&v/
● avoir avere haben
We have two cats and a dog.
hello /he"l@U/
● bonjour, salut ciao, salve hallo
Hello, Anna. How are you?
her pron /h3:/
● son, sa, ses, elle, la, l’, lui la, lei ihr(e)
This is Maria. I work with her.
house n /haUs/
● maison casa Haus
They live in a house in the city.
● international internazionale international
It’s an international company, with offices in many countries.
job n /dZQb/
● travail, emploi lavoro Job, (Arbeits)stelle
I begin my new job on Monday.
key n /ki:/
● clé chiave Schlüssel
They keep the spare key above the door.
language n /"l&NgwIdZ/
● langue lingua Sprache
What language are they speaking?
learn v /l3:n/
● apprendre imparare (a) lernen
What did you learn at school today, Bobby?
letter n /"let@/
● lettre lettera Brief
Send me a letter telling me all about your holidays.
live v /lIv/
● vivre, habiter abitare, vivere leben, wohnen
I live in Oxford, in England.
magazine n /"m&g@zi:n/
● magazine, revue rivista Zeitschrift
Would you like a magazine to read?
married adj /"m&rId/
● marié sposato verheiratet
He’s married with two children.
me pron /mi:/
● me, m’, moi mi, me, io ich, mir, mich
I love him, and he loves me.
my pron /maI/
● mon, ma, mes il mio, la mia, i miei, le mie mein(e)
My car is red.
name n /neIm/
● nom nome Name
‘What is his name?’ ‘Allan.’
newspaper n /"nju:speIp@/
● journal giornale Zeitung
He reads the newspaper every morning.
nice adj /naIs/
● gentil, agréable, bon bello, simpatico nett, schön
The weather and the people are nice in Spain!
not bad adj infml /%nQt "b&d/
● pas mal niente male nicht schlecht
‘How was the football match?’ ‘Not bad – we won 3–2.’
orange n /"QrIndZ/
● orange arancia Apfelsine, Orange
Oranges are full of vitamin C.
postcard n /"p@UskA:d/
● carte postale cartolina (Post)karte
Bianca sent me a postcard from France.
see you v infml /"si: ju:/
● à bientôt ci vediamo, arrivederci bis bald
See you later!
sister n /"sIst@/
● sœur sorella Schwester
Does your sister visit often?
stamp n /st&mp/
● timbre francobollo Briefmarke
I need a stamp for my letter.
student n /"stju:d@nt/
● étudiant, étudiante studente, studentessa Student(in)
Mary is a student at the university.
teacher n /"ti:tS@/
● professeur, enseignant insegnante Lehrer(in)
The teacher asked for our homework.
Elementary wordlist
2
telephone number n /"tel@f@Un %nVmb@/
● numéro de téléphone numero di telefono
chicken n /"tSIkIn/
Telefonnummer
What’s your telephone number? It’s 01765 346 526.
thank you /"T&Nk ju:/
● merci grazie danke (schön)
Thank you for the lovely flowers.
thanks /T&Nks/
● merci grazie danke
Thanks, Lena. What a nice present!
this /Dis/
● ce, cet, cette, celui-ci, celle-ci questo, questa diese(r,s)
This is my sister.
ticket n /"tIkIt/
● billet, ticket biglietto (Fahr)karte
The train ticket cost £10.
want v /wQnt/
● vouloir volere wollen
I want a new stereo for my birthday.
where adv /we@/
● où dove wo
Where can I buy the newspaper on Sunday?
your pron /jO:/
● ton, ta, tes, votre, vos il tuo, la tua, i tuoi, le tue dein(e)
What’s your address?
Unit 2
accountant n /@"kaUnt@nt/
● comptable commercialista, ragioniere, ragioniera
Buchhalter(in)
My father works as an accountant.
address n /@"dres/
● adresse indirizzo Adresse
Ellen’s address is 28 Church Street.
age n /eIdZ/
● âge età Alter
Please include your age on the form.
anything else n /"enITIN "els/
● autre chose nient’altro, qualcos’altro sonst noch etwas
Would you like anything else with your salad?
apartment n /@"pA:tm@nt/
● appartement appartamento Wohnung
We moved into a new apartment last June.
at home /@t "h@Um/
● à la maison, chez soi a casa zu Hause
I feel very at home here.
aunt n /A:nt/
● tante zia Tante
My aunt visits every summer.
big adj /bIg/
● grand grande gross
They have a big house with five bedrooms.
boyfriend n /"bOIfrend/
● petit ami ragazzo, fidanzato Freund
Mark is Sarah’s boyfriend.
cake n /keIk/
● gâteau torta Kuchen, Torte
Anna-Marie made a cake for Tom’s birthday.
Can I have …? /%k&n aI "h&v/
● Est-ce que je peux avoir …? Mi dà …? Posso avere …?
Kann ich … haben?
Can I have a glass of orange juice, please?
Can I help? /%k&n aI "help/
● Je peux vous aider? Desidera?, Posso aiutarla? Kann ich
(Ihnen/dir) helfen?
Can I help you, sir?
cheap adj /tSi:p/
● bon marché economico, a buon mercato billig
These shoes were very cheap – only £20.
● poulet pollo Huhn
Do you like chicken and chips?
chips n pl /tSIps/
● frites patate fritte Pommes frites
Chips are very popular in Britain.
chocolate n /"tSQkl@t/
● chocolat cioccolato Schokolade
If you like sweets, you probably like chocolate.
coffee n /"kQfi/
● café caffè Kaffee
I drink coffee to wake me up.
coffee bar n /"kQfi %bA:/
● café, cafétéria caffè, bar Café, Kaffeehaus
We meet in the coffee bar every morning.
cold adj /k@Uld/
● froid freddo kalt
It’s cold here in December.
college n /"kQlidZ/
● collège, établissement d’enseignement supérieur istituto superiore,
college College, Institut
I want to go to college when I leave school.
dancer n /"dA:ns@/
● danseur, danseuse ballerino, ballerina Tänzer(in)
Annie is a dancer with the New York City Ballet.
daughter n /"dO:t@/
● fille figlia Tochter
My daughter is 9 years old now.
different adj /"dIfr@nt/
● différent diverso anders
I’m very different from my brother. He’s tall but I’m short.
difficult adj /"dIfIk@lt/
● difficile difficile schwierig, schwer
Maths is difficult.
drink v /drINk/
● boire bere trinken
Would you like something to drink?
easy adj /"i:zi/
● facile facile leicht, einfach
The homework was easy. I got 10/10.
egg n /eg/
● œuf uovo Ei
Sally has toast and an egg every morning for breakfast.
exciting adj /"Ik"saItIN/
● passionnant emozionante, entusiasmante aufregend, spannend
Snowboarding is an exciting sport.
expensive adj /"Ik"spensIv/
● cher costoso, caro teuer
That coat is very expensive – it’s £400!
fast adj /fA:st/
● rapide veloce schnell
Chris has a fast car.
father n /"fA:D@/
● père padre Vater
My father and mother are divorced.
first name n /"f3:st neIm/
● prénom nome (di battesimo) Vorname
‘What is your first name?’ ‘John.’
friendly adj /"frendli/
● amical cordiale, amichevole freundlich, nett
That waitress was very friendly.
girl n /g3:l/
● fille ragazza Mädchen
Do you hope to have a boy or a girl?
girlfriend n /"g3:lfrend/
● petite amie ragazza, fidanzata Freundin
I see my girlfriend almost every weekend.
good adj /gUd/
● bon buono gut
That’s a good book. I really like it.
Elementary wordlist
3
grandfather n /"gr&n(d)fA:D@/
● grand-père nonno
now adv /naU/
Grossvater
My grandfather is almost 80.
grandmother n /"gr&n(d)mVD@/
● grand-mère nonna Grossmutter
My grandmother lives with my parents.
hamburger n /"h&mb3:g@/
● hamburger hamburger Hamburger
Would you like cheese on your hamburger?
happy adj /"h&pi/
● heureux, content felice, contento glücklich
I’m so happy! I passed my exam.
here adv /hI@/
● ici qui hier
Do you live here?
Here you are. /"hI@ ju: %A:/
● Tenez., Voilà. Tieni., Eccolo. Hier, bitte (sehr).
‘Can I have a beer?’ ‘Yes. Here you are.’
hi /haI/
● bonjour, salut ciao, salve hallo, hi
Hi, Sue. It’s Sally.
holiday n /"hQlIdeI/
● vacances vacanza Urlaub
We usually go on holiday in August.
horrible adj /"hQr@bl/
● horrible, affreux orribile scheusslich, fürchterlich
It’s raining again. What horrible weather!
hot adj /hQt/
● chaud caldo heiss
This coffee is really hot.
how much? adv /%haU "mVtS/
● combien? quanto? wie viel?
How much does it cost?
how old? adv /%haU "@Uld/
● quel âge? quanti anni? wie alt?
‘How old is your son?’ ‘He’s 12.’
husband n /"hVzb@nd/
● mari marito (Ehe)mann
My husband and I got married in July.
ice-cream n /"aIskri:m/
● glace gelato Eis(krem)
Would you like ice-cream for dessert?
identity card n /aI"dentIti %kA:d/
● carte d’identité carta d’identità Personalausweis
You need to take your identity card.
journalist n /"dZ3:n@lIst/
● journaliste giornalista Journalist(in)
I work as a journalist for a newspaper.
love n /lVv/
● amour amore Liebe
Love is more important than money.
lovely adj /"lVvli/
● très agréable, très joli bellissimo wunderschön, reizend, herrlich
What a lovely sweater!
menu n /"menju:/
● menu menu Speisekarte
The waiter gave us the menu.
mineral water n /"mIn@r@l %wO:t@/
● eau minérale acqua minerale Mineralwasser
I often drink mineral water at restaurants.
morning n /"mO:nIN/
● matin mattina Morgen
What time do you get up in the morning?
mother n /"mVD@/
● mère madre Mutter
My mother is the best mum in the world!
new adj /nju:/
● nouveau, neuf nuovo neu
My bicycle is new. I got it last week.
● maintenant ora, adesso jetzt
Let’s eat now. I’m hungry.
nurse n /n3:s/
● infirmier, infirmière infermiere, infermiera Krankenschwester/pfleger (in)
She’s a nurse at the hospital.
old adj /@Uld/
● vieux vecchio, anziano alt
My dictionary’s very old. I need a more modern one.
orange juice n /"QrIndZ %dZu:s/
● jus d’orange succo d’arancia Orangensaft
I don’t like beer. I’d like some orange juice.
pardon? /"pA:dn/
● comment? scusi? scusa? (wie) bitte?
Pardon? Could you please repeat the question?
photo n /"f@Ut@U/
● photo foto Foto
Alex took a photo of the Colosseum.
pizza n /"pi:ts@/
● pizza pizza Pizza
We had a pizza at the new Italian restaurant.
please /pli:z/
● s’il te plaît, s’il vous plaît per favore bitte
Please don’t wait for me.
policeman n /p@"li:sm@n/
● agent de police poliziotto Polizist
The policeman arrested them.
pound n /paUnd/
● livre sterlina Pfund
It costs one pound.
practice n /"pr&ktIs/
● entraînement esercizio, pratica Übung
We have football practice every Tuesday night.
price n /praIs/
● prix prezzo Preis
Check the price before you buy it.
salad n /"s&l@d/
● salade insalata Salat
I’d like soup and a salad for lunch.
slow adj /sl@U/
● lent lento langsam
The train is very slow. It takes four hours.
small adj /smO:l/
● petit piccolo klein
I want to buy a small present to take to the party.
snack bar n /"sn&k %bA:/
● snack-bar snack-bar, tavola calda Imbissbude/-stube, Snackbar
We had lunch in the snack bar.
snow n /sn@U/
● neige neve Schnee
There’s no snow, so we can’t ski.
snow v /sn@U/
● neiger nevicare schneien
It usually snows in January.
son n /sVn/
● fils figlio Sohn
I have one son and two daughters.
soon adv /su:n/
● bientôt, tôt presto bald
We need to leave soon or we’ll be late.
speak v /spi:k/
● parler parlare sprechen
Why does the teacher speak so quickly?
subway n US /"sVbweI/
● métro metropolitana U-Bahn
I take the subway to work.
surname n /"s3:neIm/
● nom de famille cognome Nachname
Do you know Michelle’s surname?
Elementary wordlist
4
tea n /ti:/
● thé tè
centre n /"sent@/
Tee
We drink tea in the early afternoon.
tuna n /"tju:n@/
● thon tonno Thunfisch
I often have tuna sandwiches for lunch.
uncle n /"Vnkl/
● oncle zio Onkel
My uncle Dave is my mum’s brother.
understand v /Vnd@"st&nd/
● comprendre capire verstehen
Do you understand the question?
use v /ju:z/
● utiliser usare benutzen
Do you use a dictionary for your homework?
who? pron /hu:/
● qui ? chi? wer?
Who is that?
wife n /waIf/
● femme moglie (Ehe)frau
My wife is a terrible cook!
write v /raIt/
● écrire scrivere schreiben
How often do you write to Chris?
young adj /jVN/
● jeune giovane, piccolo jung
He looks very young. How old is he?
Unit 3
a little adj /@ "lItl/
● un peu de un po’ di
ein bisschen
I’d like a little ice-cream.
afternoon n /%A:ft@"nu:n/
● après-midi pomeriggio Nachmittag
We spent the afternoon in the park.
ambulance n /"&mbj@l@ns/
● ambulance ambulanza Krankenwagen
They took the man to the hospital in an ambulance.
architect n /"A:kitekt/
● architecte architetto Architekt(in)
Our house was designed by an architect.
barman n /"bA:m@n/
● barman barista Barmann, Barkeeper
Dan works as a barman in a pub at weekends.
be quiet v /%bi: "kwaI@t/
● se taire silenzio! leise sein
Be quiet. I’m trying to sleep!
beer n /bI@/
● bière birra Bier
I often have a cold beer in the evening.
before adv /bI"fO:/
● avant prima di vor
I did my homework before the lesson.
biology n /baI"Ql@dZi/
● biologie biologia Biologie
I’m studying biology because I want to be a doctor.
boat n /b@Ut/
● bateau battello, barca Boot, Schiff
We took a boat to the island.
breakfast n /"brekf@st/
● petit déjeuner colazione Frühstück
I eat breakfast every morning.
busy adj /"bIzi/
● occupé occupato (sehr) beschäftigt
‘Where’s John?’ ‘He’s busy with his homework.
but conj /bVt/, /b@t/
● mais ma aber
I’d like to come, but I can’t.
● centre centro
Zentrum
I work in the city centre.
city n /"sIti/
● ville città (Gross)stadt
New York is a big city.
clock n /klQk/
● horloge, pendule orologio Uhr
What time does the clock say?
collect v /k@"lekt/
● ramasser, recueillir raccogliere abholen, (ein)sammeln
They collect the letters at 7.00 a.m.
come v /kVm/
● venir venire kommen
Can you come to the film tonight?
deliver v /dI"lIv@/
● livrer consegnare liefern
They deliver pizzas to your house.
design v /dI"zaIn/
● concevoir progettare entwerfen
I design furniture for a large company.
do the accounts v /%du: Di: @"kaUnts/
● faire/tenir les comptes fare/tenere i conti die Bücher führen
Ask the accountant to do the accounts.
dog n /dQg/
● chien cane Hund
Whose dog is that in the garden?
drive v /draIv/
● conduire guidare fahren
Can you drive a car?
end v /end/
● finir finire enden
How does the film end?
every day adv /%evrI "deI/
● tous les jours ogni giorno jeden Tag
I go to work every day.
Excuse me /Ik"skju:z "mi:/
● excusez-moi, pardon scusi, scusa Entschuldigung
Excuse me. What time is it?
fireman n /"faI@m@n/
● pompier vigile del fuoco Feuerwehrmann
The fireman told us what to do if there was a fire.
fly v /flaI/
● voler volare fliegen
Let’s fly to Glasgow – the train takes too long.
flying doctor n /%flaIIN "dQkt@/
● médecin volant (in Australia) medico che si reca in volo dal malato
(in Australien) Arzt/Ärztin, der/die mit dem Flugzeug zu seinen
Patienten fliegt
Moira works as a flying doctor in Australia.
football n /"fUtbO:l/
● football calcio Fussball
We often play football after school.
free time n /%fri: "taIm/
● temps libre tempo libero Freizeit
What do you do in your free time?
get up v /%get "Vp/
● se lever alzarsi aufstehen
I get up every morning at 8.00 a.m.
glass n /glA:s/
● verre bicchiere Glas
Could I have a glass of water, please?
go v /g@U/
● aller andare gehen
I want to go to university next year.
go to bed v /%g@U t@ "bed/
● se coucher andare a dormire ins Bett gehen
What time do you usually go to bed?
guest n /gest/
● invité ospite Gast
There is only one guest staying at the hotel at the moment.
Elementary wordlist
5
help v /help/
● aider aiutare
petrol n /"petr@l/
helfen
Can you help me to make dinner?
hospital n /"hQspItl/
● hôpital ospedale Krankenhaus
They took the man to the hospital.
How’s (Ann)? adv /haUz/
● Comment va (Ann) ? Come sta (Ann)? Wie geht’s (Ann)?
‘How’s Ann today?’ ‘She’s fine.’
hurry up v /%hVri "Vp/
● se dépêcher sbrigarsi, affrettarsi sich beeilen
Hurry up! We’re late!
interpreter n /In"t3:prIt@/
● interprète interprete Dolmetscher(in)
An interpreter translated the President’s speech from French
into English.
island n /"aIl@nd/
● île isola Insel
Hawaii is an island.
late adj /leIt/
● en retard in ritardo, tardi (zu) spät
She arrived after dinner because her train was late.
like v /laIk/
● aimer piacere mögen
I like listening to music.
listen v /"lIs@n/
● écouter ascoltare zuhören
Listen to the instructions.
look after v /%lUk "A:ft@/
● s’occuper de, garder badare a, guardare sich kümmern um,
aufpassen auf
Who will look after the dog while we’re on holiday?
love v /lVv/
● aimer amare lieben
I love my wife.
make v /meIk/
● faire, fabriquer fare, produrre machen
We make a cake every Sunday.
man n /m&n/
● homme uomo Mann
The man with Emma is her husband.
money n /"mVni/
● argent soldi Geld
I got some money from the bank.
music n /"mju:zIk/
● musique musica Musik
I love classical music.
never adv /"nev@/
● (ne) jamais (non) mai nie
‘Would you like a cigarette?’ ‘No, thanks. I never smoke.’
non-stop adv /"nQn "stQp/
● sans arrêt senza sosta ohne Unterbrechung
The plane flies non-stop to New York.
north n /nO:T/
● nord nord Norden
The north of Italy is more industrial.
office n /"QfIs/
● bureau ufficio Büro
I work in an office.
only adv /"@Unli/
● seulement, ne … que solo nur
I only have 50p. I can’t buy it.
ordinary adj /"O:d@nri/
● ordinaire comune, qualsiasi gewöhnlich
It was an ordinary day.
people n pl /"pi:pl/
● personnes, gens gente, persone Leute
How many people were at the party?
perhaps adv /p@"h&ps/
● peut-être forse vielleicht
Perhaps it will snow this afternoon.
● essence benzina
Benzin
She put some petrol in the car.
pilot n /"paIl@t/
● pilote pilota Pilot(in)
The pilot landed the plane.
plane n /pleIn/
● avion aereo Flugzeug
Our plane leaves from Heathrow airport.
play v /pleI/
● jouer giocare spielen
Would you like to play tennis this afternoon?
post n /p@Ust/
● poste, courrier posta Post
The post arrives at 9.30 a.m.
postman n /"p@Ustm@n/
● facteur postino Briefträger, Postbote
The postman delivers our letters.
pub n /pVb/
● pub pub Kneipe, Gasthaus
We’re going for a drink at the pub this evening.
radio n /"reIdI@U/
● radio radio Radio
Do you often listen to the radio in the car?
school n /sku:l/
● école scuola Schule
I went to primary school when I was 5.
scientist n /"saI@ntIst/
● scientifique scienziato Naturwissenschaftler(in)
Their son is a scientist. He studies genetics.
sell v /sel/
● vendre vendere verkaufen
They sell postcards in that shop.
serve v /s3:v/
● servir servire servieren
The waitress will serve you in a minute.
shop n /SQp/
● magasin negozio Laden, Geschäft
There’s a small shop on the corner that has cigarettes.
shopkeeper n /"SQpki:p@/
● commerçant negoziante Ladeninhaber(in)
Do you know the shopkeeper who has the shop on the corner?
sick adj /sIk/
● malade malato krank
I have been sick for three days.
sit down v /%sIt "daUn/
● s’asseoir sedersi sich hinsetzen
Please come in and sit down, Linda. It’s great to see you!
skiing n /"skIIN/
● ski (sport dello) sci Ski laufen
Kiki loves skiing in the Alps.
summer n /"sVm@/
● été estate Sommer
I always go on holiday in the summer.
supper n /"sVp@/
● souper cena Abendessen
We had chicken and chips for supper last night.
taxi driver n /"t&ksi %draIv@/
● chauffeur de taxi tassista Taxifahrer(in)
I asked the taxi driver to take me to the airport.
television n /"tel@vIzn/
● télévision televisione Fernsehen
We often watch television in the evenings.
tennis n /"tenIs/
● tennis tennis Tennis
Do you enjoy playing tennis?
That’s right. /%D&ts "raIt/
● C’est exact. Esatto. Das stimmt.
‘He’s a pilot.’ ‘That’s right. He works for British Airways.’
Elementary wordlist
6
there adv /De@/
● là, là-bas là
always adv /"O:lweIz/
dort, dorthin
‘Where’s Peter?’ ‘He’s over there.’
thing n /TIN/
● chose cosa Ding
What is that thing?
tired adj /"taI@d/
● fatigué stanco müde
I’m tired. I want to go to bed.
too adv /tu:/
● aussi anche auch, ebenfalls
She speaks Italian, Spanish, and English too!
tourist n /"tU@rIst/
● touriste turista Tourist(in)
The tourist took a photograph of the Eiffel Tower.
town n /taUn/
● ville città (Klein)stadt
I live in a small town.
translate v /tr&nz"leIt/
● traduire tradurre übersetzen
Can you translate this word into Spanish?
undertaker n /"Vnd@teIk@/
● ordonnateur des pompes funèbres impresario/a di pompe funebri
Leichenbestatter(in)
The undertaker came to take the dead man.
vanilla adj /v@"nIl@/
● vanille vaniglia, crema Vanille
Do you like vanilla ice-cream?
walk n /wO:k/
● promenade passeggiata Spaziergang, Wanderung
They took the dog for a walk.
walk v /wO:k/
● aller à pied, se promener andare a piedi, passeggiare (zu Fuss)
gehen, spazieren
Let’s walk into the city today.
watch n /wQtS/
● montre orologio da polso Armbanduhr
Are you wearing a watch? What time is it?
watch v /wQtS/
● regarder guardare (zu)sehen
Did you watch the football match on television yesterday?
week n /wi:k/
● semaine settimana Woche
I start my new job next week.
weekday n /"wi:kdeI/
● jour de la semaine, jour ouvrable giorno feriale
Wochentag, Werktag
It’s a weekday so I have to go to bed early.
wine n /waIn/
● vin vino Wein
Do you drink red or white wine?
winter n /"wInt@/
● hiver inverno Winter
It often snows in winter.
work v /w3:k/
● travailler lavorare arbeiten
I work for a big company.
world n /w3:ld/
● monde mondo Welt
I’d like to travel the world!
Unit 4
a lot pron /@ "lQt/
● beaucoup un sacco, molto
I love books, and I read a lot.
after adv, prep /"A:ft@/
● après dopo nach
Allan arrived just after Liz.
viel
● toujours sempre immer
Why is Allan always late?
autumn n /"O:t@m/
● automne autunno Herbst
I hate autumn when it starts to get cold.
bad adj /b&d/
● mauvais cattivo, brutto schlecht
I’m sorry. I have some bad news for you.
bar n /bA:/
● bar bar Bar
We went to a bar for a drink.
baseball n /"beIsbO:l/
● base-ball baseball Baseball
I play baseball for my school.
beach n /bi:tS/
● plage spiaggia Strand
If the weather is warm, we can go to the beach to swim.
block n /blQk/
● pâté de maisons isolato (Häuser)block
The supermarket is on my block.
boring adj /"bO:riN/
● ennuyeux noioso langweilig
My history lessons are boring.
brown adj /braUn/
● marron, brun marrone, castano braun
I bought a new brown leather bag.
bus n /bVs/
● bus, autobus autobus Bus
I take the bus to school.
buy v /baI/
● acheter comprare kaufen
I want to buy a new dress for the party.
called pp /kO:ld/
● appelé chiamato genannt
‘What is she called?’ ‘Amy.’
car n /kA:/
● voiture macchina, auto Auto
My car is a Fiat.
chat v /tS&t/
● bavarder chiacchierare plaudern, schwatzen
I chat a lot on the phone.
colour n /"kVl@/
● couleur colore Farbe
‘What is your favourite colour?’ ‘Blue.’
computer n /k@m"pju:t@/
● ordinateur computer Computer
I write e-mails on my computer.
computer game n /k@m"pju:t@ geIm/
● jeu électronique, jeu informatique videogioco per computer
Computerspiel
Tomb Raider is a popular computer game.
cook v /kUk/
● cuisiner, faire la cuisine cucinare kochen
I cook dinner every Friday night.
dance v /dA:ns/
● danser ballare tanzen
I can’t dance to rock music.
dinner n /"dIn@/
● dîner cena, pranzo Abendessen
What do you usually eat for dinner?
do v /du:/
● faire fare tun
‘What do you want to do today?’
domestic adj /d@"mestIk/
● domestique, ménager domestico häuslich
I’m not very domestic. I can’t cook very well.
Don’t worry v /%d@Unt "wVri/
● Ne t’en fais pas. Ne vous en faites pas. Non preoccuparti., Non Si
preoccupi. Keine Sorge.
Don’t worry. We won’t be late.
Elementary wordlist
7
early adv /"3:li/
● tôt, de bonne heure presto
ice-skating n /"aIs %skeItIN/
früh
Go to bed early. You have an exam tomorrow.
especially adv /I"speS@li/
● surtout, particulièrement particolarmente besonders
I love flowers, especially roses.
export department n /"ekspO:t dI%pA:tm@nt/
● service export reparto esportazioni Exportabteilung
I work in the company’s export department.
exposure n /ik"sp@UZ@/
● pose posa Belichtung, Bild
Can I have a film with 36 exposures?
fall (= autumn) n US /fO:l/
● automne autunno Herbst
October is in the fall.
family n /"f&m@li/
● famille famiglia Familie
My family lives in New York.
famous adj /"feIm@s/
● célèbre, réputé famoso berühmt
Gwyneth Paltrow is a famous actress.
fantastic adj /f&n"t&stIk/
● fantastique fantastico fantastisch
What a fantastic movie! I love it.
favourite adj /"feIvrIt/
● préféré, favori preferito LieblingsWho is your favourite singer?
film n /fIlm/
● film, pellicule pellicola Film
I need a film for my camera.
flower n /"flaU@/
● fleur fiore Blume
This flower is from my garden.
food n /fu:d/
● nourriture cibo Essen
We like Italian food, especially pasta.
fortunately adv /"fO:tS@n@tli/
● heureusement per fortuna zum Glück, glücklicherweise
Fortunately, I found my keys.
friend n /frend/
● ami, amie amico, amica Freund(in)
Janice is my friend. I really like her.
go out v /%g@U "aUt/
● sortir uscire, andare fuori ausgehen
Let’s go out for dinner this evening.
grey adj /greI/
● gris grigio grau
The sky is very grey today.
gym n /dZIm/
● gymnase palestra Fitnesscenter
I do aerobics at the gym once a week.
headquarters n pl /%hed"kwO:t@z/
● siège social sede centrale Hauptquartier
The police headquarters are in London.
hobby n /"hQbi/
● passe-temps, hobby hobby, passatempo Hobby
Sanjay’s hobby is playing tennis.
hour n /aU@/
● heure ora Stunde
One hour is sixty minutes.
how? adv /haU/
● comment ? come? wie?
How do I get to the cinema?
I’m sorry. /%aIm "sQri/
● Je suis désolé. Mi dispiace. Es tut mir Leid.
I’m sorry. I can’t go to the film this evening.
ice hockey n /"aIs %hQki/
● hockey sur glace hockey su ghiaccio Eishockey
Ice hockey is a popular sport in Canada.
● patinage (sur glace) pattinaggio/pattinare sul ghiaccio
Schlittschuhlaufen
Ice-skating is very difficult at first.
interesting adj /"Intr@stiN/
● intéressant interessante interessant
That is a very interesting question, Anne.
interview v /"Int@vju:/
● interview intervistare interviewen
They interview politicians on the news.
It doesn’t matter. /It "dVznt "m&t@/
● Ça ne fait rien. Non importa. Das macht nichts.
‘I’m sorry.’ ‘It doesn’t matter. Don’t worry.’
jogging n /"dZQgIN/
● jogging footing, jogging Jogging
I go jogging every day. I like running.
kid n /kId/
● enfant, gamin bambino, bambina Kind
Don’t call me a kid! I’m 18.
lake n /leIk/
● lac lago See
In the summer we go swimming in the lake.
leisure activity n /"leZ@(r) &k"tIv@ti/
● loisir attività ricreativa Freizeitaktivität
Golf is my favourite leisure activity.
long adj /lQN/
● long lungo lange
It’s a long film: three hours!
meet v /mi:t/
● (se) rencontrer incontrarsi, trovarsi (sich) treffen
Can we meet this afternoon?
near prep /nI@/
● près vicino a nah(e)
My office is near the supermarket.
news programme n /"nju:z %pr@Ugr&m/
● informations telegiornale Nachrichtensendung
What news programme do you watch in the evening?
next adj /nekst/
● prochain prossimo nächste(r,s)
The next bus arrives in 15 minutes.
of course /@v "kO:s/
● bien sûr certo, naturalmente natürlich
Of course you can visit us!
often adv /"Qf@n/, /"Qft@n/
● souvent spesso oft
I often listen to the radio in the morning.
open v /"@Up@n/
● ouvrir aprire öffnen
The shop opens at 9.00 a.m.
parents n /"pe@r@nts/
● parents genitori Eltern
My parents visit every weekend.
pop song n /"pQp sQN/
● chanson pop canzone pop Popsong, Schlager
What’s the number one pop song this week?
reading n /"ri:dIN/
● lecture lettura, leggere Lesen
I like reading biographies of famous people.
really? /"rI@li/
● vraiment? davvero? wirklich?
‘I don’t like skiing.’ ‘Really? I love it.’
red adj /red/
● rouge rosso rot
He gave me a red rose.
relax v /rI"l&ks/
● se détendre rilassarsi sich entspannen
She does yoga to relax.
sailing n /"seIliN/
● voile (sport della) vela Segeln
We sometimes go sailing on the lake.
Elementary wordlist
8
say v /seI/
● dire dire
wet adj /wet/
sagen
Sorry, what did you say?
season n /"si:zn/
● saison stagione Jahreszeit
Winter is my favourite season.
short adj /SO:t/
● bref, court breve, corto kurz
She has very short hair, like a boy.
shy adj /SaI/
● timide timido schüchtern
Clare is very shy. She doesn’t talk much.
smoke v /sm@Uk/
● fumer fumare rauchen
I smoke a packet of cigarettes a day.
sometimes adv /"sVmtaImz/
● quelquefois, parfois qualche volta manchmal
Sometimes I take the bus to work, but usually I walk.
special adj /"speSl/
● spécial speciale besondere(r,s)
Do you have any special plans for Valentine’s Day?
spring n /sprIN/
● printemps primavera Frühling
I love spring, when it starts to get warm.
start v /stA:t/
● commencer cominciare anfangen
When does school start in the morning?
suddenly adv /"sVdnli/
● soudain, tout à coup improvvisamente plötzlich
The car stopped suddenly.
sunbathing n /"sVnbeITIN/
● prendre un bain de soleil prendere il sole Sonnenbaden
I love sunbathing on the beach.
sunny adj /"sVni/
● ensoleillé soleggiato sonnig
It’s really sunny – let’s have a picnic.
swimming n /"swImIN/
● natation nuoto, nuotare Schwimmen
I often go swimming in the lake.
take v /teIk/
● prendre prendere, portare nehmen
Please take your umbrella. It’s going to rain.
take photos v /"teIk "f@Ut@Uz/
● prendre des photos fare fotografie Fotos machen
We always take photos on holiday.
That’s OK. /"D&ts @U%keI/
● C’est bon. Non preoccuparti. Non Si preoccupi. Okay.
That’s OK. I’ll come back tomorrow.
then adv /Den/
● alors, à l’époque allora damals
We were much younger then.
traffic n /"tr&fIk/
● circulation traffico Verkehr
Sorry we’re late. The traffic is terrible!
tree n /tri:/
● arbre albero Baum
There’s a big tree in our garden.
usually adv /"ju:Z@li/
● d’habitude di solito gewöhnlich
I usually get home at 5.30 p.m.
visit v /"vIzIt/
● visiter visitare besuchen
We’re going to visit my grandfather in hospital today.
warm adj /wO:m/
● chaud caldo warm
It’s warm by the fire.
weekend n /"wi:kend/
● week-end fine settimana, week-end Wochenende
What are you doing at the weekend?
● mouillé bagnato nass, feucht
I got very wet in the rain.
What does … mean? /wQt dVz ... mi:n/
● Que signifie …? Che cosa significa …? Was bedeutet/heisst …?
What does the word serendipity mean?
what time? /wQt "taIm/
● à quelle heure ? a che ora? um welche Uhrzeit?
What time does the train arrive?
what? /wQt/
● quoi ? quel …?, qu’est-ce qui …?, qu’est-ce que …? che cosa? quale?
was?
What’s your address?
when? /wen/
● quand ? quando? wann?
When is your birthday?
where? /we@/
● où ? dove? wo?
Where were you born? In Madrid?
why? /waI/
● pourquoi ? perché? warum?
Why did you phone me?
window n /"wInd@U/
● fenêtre finestra Fenster
Can we open a window? It’s hot in here.
year n /jI@/
● an, année anno Jahr
One year is 365 days.
yellow adj /"jel@U/
● jaune giallo gelb
Bananas are yellow.
Unit 5
address book n /@"dres %bUk/
● carnet d’adresses rubrica degli indirizzi
Adressbuch
I need to write your new address in my address book.
air conditioning n /"e@ k@n%dISnIN/
● climatisation aria condizionata Klimaanlage
Our apartment has air conditioning. It’s quite cool in summer.
alone adj /@"l@Un/
● seul da solo allein
I prefer not to walk home alone after dark.
armchair n /"A:mtSe@/
● fauteuil poltrona Sessel
My dad sits in an armchair when he watches TV.
at the moment adv /%@t D@ "m@Um@nt/
● en ce moment in questo momento im Moment
Sorry. I’m busy at the moment. Can I phone you later?
bank n /b&Nk/
● banque banca Bank
I changed my money at the bank.
bathroom n /bA:TrUm/
● salle de bains bagno Badezimmer
The toilet is in the bathroom.
beautiful adj /"bju:tIfl/
● beau bello schön
She’s a beautiful girl!
bed n /bed/
● lit letto Bett
I go to bed at 10.00 p.m. every night.
best adj /best/
● le meilleur il migliore beste(r,s)
The best chocolate is Swiss.
blinds n pl /blaIndz/
● stores veneziane, avvolgibili Rolladen, Jalousie
Jeff opened the blinds to look out of the window.
bookshelf n /"bUkSelf/
● étagère, rayon ripiano, scaffale (Bücher)regal, Bücherbord
I keep all my books on the bookshelf.
Elementary wordlist
9
both /b@UT/
● tous les deux ambedue, entrambi, tutti e due
fire n /faI@/
beide (n, s)
We both love travelling.
briefcase n /"bri:fkeIs/
● serviette cartella Aktentasche, -mappe
The lawyer takes his briefcase to work each day.
bus ticket n /"bVs %tIkIt/
● ticket de bus biglietto dell’autobus Busfahrschein
I can’t find my bus ticket. I’ll have to walk home.
cat n /k&t/
● chat gatto Katze
Do you prefer cats or dogs?
CD n /%si: "di:/
● CD CD CD
What CD are you listening to, Pierre?
champagne n /S&m"peIn/
● champagne champagne Champagner
We often drink champagne on New Year’s Eve.
Cheers! /tSI@z/
● Santé !, À la tienne/vôtre ! Salute! Cincin! Prost!
Happy birthday! Cheers!
chemist’s n /kemIsts/
● pharmacie farmacia Apotheke
I got some medicine from the chemist’s.
cockpit n /"kQkpIt/
● cabine de pilotage cabina di pilotaggio Cockpit
The pilot sits in the cockpit of the plane.
coffee table n /"kQfI %teIbl/
● table basse tavolino basso Couchtisch
Can you put these flowers on the coffee table, please?
comfortable adj /"kVmft@bl/
● confortable comodo bequem, gemütlich
That sofa is very comfortable.
cooker n /"kUk@/
● cuisinière cucina, fornello Ofen, Herd
We have an electric cooker in the kitchen.
cup n /kVp/
● tasse tazza Tasse
Would you like a cup of tea?
cupboard n /kVb@d/
● placard armadio, credenza Schrank
The glasses are in the cupboard.
dishwasher n /"dISwQS@/
● lave-vaisselle lavastoviglie Geschirrspülmaschine
We have a dishwasher so we don’t have to wash the plates.
door n /dO:/
● porte porta Tür
Close the bathroom door.
downstairs adv /%daUn"ste@z/
● en bas al piano di sotto die Treppe hinunter
Go downstairs and open the front door.
emergency exit n /I"m3:dz@nsi %eksIt/
● sortie de secours uscita di sicurezza Notausgang
If there’s a fire, go out by the emergency exit.
everything pron /"evrITIN/
● tout tutto, ogni cosa alles
I love everything she does.
exactly adv /Ig"z&ktli/
● exactement proprio, esattamente genau
That’s not exactly what I was thinking.
ex-wife n /%eks"waIf/
● ex-femme ex-moglie Ex-Frau
Do you still speak to your ex-wife?
far adv /fA:/
● loin lontano weit
I don’t live very far from here.
film star n /"fIlm %stA:/
● star/vedette de cinéma stella del cinema Filmstar
Julia Roberts is a film star.
● feu, incendie fuoco, incendio Feuer
We often have a fire in the winter.
first adj /f3:st/
● premier primo erste(r,s)
‘A’ is the first letter of the alphabet.
first class adj /"f3:st "klA:s/
● première classe prima classe erster Klasse
It’s expensive to fly first class.
flight attendant n /"flaIt @%tend@nt/
● hôtesse de l’air, steward assistente di volo Flugbegleiter(in)
A flight attendant works on an aeroplane.
floor n /"flO:/
● étage piano Etage, Stockwerk
My bedroom is on the first floor.
fork n /fO:k/
● fourchette forchetta Gabel
The fork goes on the left of the plate.
fridge n /frIdZ/
● frigo frigorifero Kühlschrank
The milk and butter need to go in the fridge.
front door n /%frVnt "dO:/
● porte d’entrée porta d’ingresso Haustür
You need a key for the front door.
garden n /"gA:dn/
● jardin giardino Garten
She has many beautiful flowers in her garden.
grandma n /"gr&nmA:/
● grand-mère nonna Oma
My grandma is very old.
how many? /"haU "meni/
● combien ? quanti? wie viele?
How many people live in the village?
just (= only) adv /dZVst/
● juste, seulement solo nur
There were just three people at the party.
kitchen n /"kItSIn/
● cuisine cucina Küche
We always eat dinner in the kitchen.
knife n /naIf/
● couteau coltello Messer
I need a knife for the butter.
lady n /"leIdi/
● dame signora Dame
Do you know the lady who lives next door?
lamp n /l&mp/
● lampe lampada Lampe
Is there a lamp? It’s dark.
left adv (opp right) /left/
● à gauche a sinistra links
Turn left at the bank.
living room n /"lIvIN %rUm/
● (salle de) séjour soggiorno Wohnzimmer
Let’s sit in the living room.
lots (of books) pron /lQts/
● beaucoup de molto viel(e)
I don’t have many friends but you have lots.
luxury n /"lVkS@ri/
● luxe lusso Luxus
A Ferrari is a luxury.
mirror n /"mIr@/
● miroir, glace specchio Spiegel
I look in the mirror before I go out.
mobile phone n /"m@UbaIl "f@Un/
● téléphone portable cellulare Handy
I’ll call you on your mobile phone.
modern adj /"mQd@n/
● moderne moderno modern
They live in a modern house.
Elementary wordlist
10
most of the time /"m@Ust @v D@ %taIm/
● la plupart du temps la maggior parte del tempo
spoon n /spu:n/
die meiste Zeit
I sometimes go to the office, but I work at home most of the time.
neighbour n /"neIb@/
● voisin vicino/a di casa Nachbar(in)
I’ll borrow some sugar from the neighbour.
newsagent’s n /"nju:zeIdZ@nts/
● marchand de journaux edicola Zeitungshändler(in)
I buy the newspaper at the newsagent’s.
notebook n /"n@UtbUk/
● carnet, cahier quaderno, taccuino Notizbuch, -heft
Julie wrote notes in her notebook.
over there adv /%@Uv@ "De@/
● là-bas là, da quella parte dort (drüben)
Look over there – is that James?
park n /pA:k/
● parc parco Park
They played football in the park.
party n /"pA:ti/
● fête festa Party, Feier
We’re having a party to celebrate our graduation.
passport n /"pA:spO:t/
● passeport passaporto Pass
You need your passport to go to the USA.
pen n /pen/
● stylo penna Stift, Füller, Kugelschreiber
Do you have a pen? I need to write a note.
picture n /"pIktS@/
● tableau quadro Bild
The gallery has a picture by Picasso.
plant n /plA:nt/
● plante pianta Pflanze
Give the plant some water.
plate n /pleIt/
● assiette piatto Teller
He ate everything on the plate.
quite (big) adv /kwaIt/
● assez, plutôt abbastanza ziemlich
This room is quite big.
rain v /reIn/
● pleuvoir piovere regnen
Oh no! It’s raining but I don’t have an umbrella.
rich adj /rItS/
● riche ricco reich
I have a rich uncle who lives in Monte Carlo.
right adv (opp left) /raIt/
● à droite a destra rechts
Turn right at the school.
room n /rUm/, /ru:m/
● pièce, salle stanza Zimmer, Raum
There are eight rooms in my house.
rug n /rVg/
● tapis tappeto Teppich, Läufer
There’s a Chinese rug under the coffee table.
sandwich n /"s&nwIdZ/
● sandwich tramezzino belegtes Brot/Brötchen
I often have a ham sandwich for lunch.
second adj /"sek@nd/
● deuxième, second secondo zweite(r,s)
I came to New York once before. This is the second time.
section n /"sekSn/
● section sezione Abteilung, Abschnitt
At the end of the book there’s a grammar section.
shelf n /Self/
● étagère ripiano, mensola Bord, Regalbrett
We put the pasta on the top shelf.
sofa n /"s@Uf@/
● canapé divano, sofà Sofa
I often fall asleep on the sofa while watching TV.
● cuillère cucchiaio
Löffel
You eat soup with a spoon.
steps n pl /steps/
● marches scalini, gradini Stufen
There are some steps from my front door down to the street.
stereo n /"steri@U/
● chaîne stéréo stereo Stereoanlage
They listened to the CD on the new stereo.
stop (bus) n /stQp/
● arrêt fermata (Bus)haltestelle
Which stop do you usually get off the bus at?
supermarket n /"su:p@%mA:kIt/
● supermarché supermercato Supermarkt
I need to go to the supermarket to buy some bread.
swimming pool n /"swImIN %pu:l/
● piscine piscina Swimmingpool, Schwimmbad
Our hotel had a swimming pool.
Thanks a lot. /"T&nks @ %lQt/
● Merci beaucoup. Grazie mille. Vielen Dank.
Thanks a lot. The flowers are lovely!
toilet n /"tOIl@t/
● toilettes gabinetto Toilette
Go to the toilet before we leave.
top n /tQp/
● haut, sommet cima oberer Teil, Gipfel
Ellen’s room is at the top of the stairs.
upstairs adv /%Vp"ste@z/
● en haut al piano di sopra die Treppe hinauf
Go upstairs and close the window.
wall n /wO:l/
● mur muro Mauer, Wand
I put a picture on the wall.
washing machine n /"wQSIN m@%Si:n/
● machine à laver lavatrice Waschmaschine
I can’t wash my clothes because the washing machine doesn’t work.
Unit 6
bedtime n /"bedtaIm/
● heure du coucher ora di andare a letto
Schlafenszeit
10.00 p.m. is usually my bedtime.
between prep /bI"twi:n/
● entre tra zwischen
The post office is between the bookshop and the cinema.
bike n /baIk/
● vélo bici Fahrrad
I don’t have a car so I ride my bike to work.
brilliant adj /"brIli@nt/
● génial brillante grossartig, klasse
That’s a brilliant idea!
check v /tSek/
● vérifier, contrôler controllare (über)prüfen
The man checked my passport.
chess n /tSes/
● échecs scacchi Schach
I sometimes play chess with my grandfather.
concert n /"kQns@t/
● concert concerto Konzert
Our school band has a concert tomorrow night.
conversation n /kQnv@"seISn/
● conversation conversazione Gespräch
They talked for an hour! I wonder what their conversation was about?
do homework v /du: "h@Umw3:k/
● faire ses devoirs fare i compiti Hausaufgaben machen
You have to do your homework before the lesson tomorrow.
eye n /aI/
● œil occhio Auge
My eyes hurt if I work at my computer all day.
Elementary wordlist
11
fall in love v /%fO:l In "lVv/
● tomber amoureux innamorarsi
sad adj /s&d/
sich verlieben
She’s fantastic. I’m falling in love with her.
feel v /fi:l/
● (se) sentir sentirsi (sich) fühlen
I feel cold. I’ll get my coat.
genius n /"dZi:ni@s/
● génie genio Genie
Their son is a genius. He finished university when he was only
15 years old.
hear v /hI@/
● entendre sentire hören
Did you hear the news? Jack and Crystal are getting married.
his pron /hIz/
● son, sa, ses il suo, la sua, i suoi, le sue sein(e)
Are they his parents?
initial n /I"nISl/
● initiale iniziale Initiale, Anfangsbuchstabe
My surname is Wilson and my initial is M.
know v /n@U/
● savoir, connaître sapere, conoscere wissen, kennen
Do you know the answer?
large adj /lA:dZ/
● grand grande gross
I’d like a large coffee, please.
last month adv /%lA:st "mVnT/
● le mois dernier il mese scorso letzten Monat
We went to Brazil last month.
laugh v /lA:f/
● rire ridere lachen
Mr Bean makes me laugh.
little adj /"lItl/
● petit piccolo klein
Her little sister is only five years old.
manager n /"m&nIdZ@/
● directeur direttore, direttrice Manager(in)
My father is a bank manager.
message n /"mesIdZ/
● message messaggio Nachricht
Please leave a message with my secretary.
our pron /aU@/
● notre, nos il nostro, la nostra, i nostri, le nostre unser(e)
Our house is very small.
paint v /peInt/
● peindre dipingere malen
He painted a picture of me.
pianist n /"pI@nIst/
● pianiste pianista Pianist(in)
Mozart was a pianist.
piano n /pI"&n@U/
● piano piano Klavier
Can you play the piano?
poetry n /"p@U@tri/
● poésie poesia Gedichte, Lyrik
We studied poetry in our literature class.
poor adj /pU@/, /pO:/
● pauvre povero arm
The government needs to help poor people more.
practise v /"pr&ktIs/
● s’exercer à esercitarsi üben
How often do you practise the piano?
question n /"kwestS@n/
● question domanda Frage
What is the answer to question 8?
really adv /"ri:@li/
● vraiment veramente, davvero wirklich
It’s fantastic. I really like it.
require v /rI"kwaI@/
● demander, exiger richiedere erfordern, benötigen
The university requires a good level of English.
● triste triste traurig
Kevin’s friends were sad when he left.
save v /seIv/
● économiser risparmiare sparen
I need to save money so I can travel next year.
sea n /si:/
● mer mare Meer
I like swimming in the sea.
see v /si:/
● voir vedere sehen
Did you see Charlie yesterday?
spell v /spel/
● orthographier, épeler scrivere lettera per lettera buchstabieren
Can you spell the word ‘pneumonia’?
spelling n /"spelIN/
● orthographe ortografia Schreibweise, Rechtschreibung
‘Center’ is the American spelling of ‘centre’.
spend v /spend/
● dépenser spendere ausgeben
How much money did you spend?
style n /staIl/
● style stile Stil
What style of house is it: traditional or modern?
sun n /sVn/
● soleil sole Sonne
The sun is at the centre of our solar system.
swim v /swIm/
● nager nuotare schwimmen
I don’t like the sea because I can’t swim.
their pron /De@/
● leur, leurs il/la/i/le loro ihr(e)
Don’t worry. Their dog is very friendly.
think v /TINk/
● penser pensare denken
I often think about him.
today adv /t@"deI/
● aujourd’hui oggi heute
Today is Thursday.
travel v /"tr&vl/
● voyager viaggiare reisen
I want to travel round the world.
until conj /Vn"tIl/
● jusqu’à fino a bis
Pubs in England only serve drinks until 11.00 p.m.
very adv /"veri/
● très molto sehr
He got 100%. He’s very intelligent.
very well adv /%veri "wel/
● très bien benissimo sehr gut
You speak English very well.
was born v /w@z "bO:n/
● être né sono/è nato bin geboren
I was born in 1987.
wear v /we@/
● porter indossare, portare tragen
Do you wear jeans at school?
wedding n /"wedIN/
● mariage matrimonio, nozze Hochzeit
Their wedding is on July 17th in the village church.
well adv /wel/
● bien bene gut
Well done, Paul!
yesterday adv /"jest@deI/
● hier ieri gestern
I worked late yesterday so I’m tired today.
yesterday evening adv /%jest@deI i:vnIN/
● hier soir ieri sera gestern abend
Did you see that programme on channel three yesterday evening?
Elementary wordlist
12
Unit 7
earn v /3:n/
advertising agency n /"&dv@taIzIN %eIdZ@nsi/
● agence de publicité agenzia pubblicitaria
Werbeagentur
The poster was designed by an advertising agency.
afraid adj /@"freId/
● qui a peur che ha paura ängstlich
I’m afraid of big dogs.
after that adv /%A:ft@ "D&t/
● après cela poi danach
I have some homework to do, but after that we can go to the cinema.
agree v /@"gri:/
● être d’accord essere d’accordo zustimmen, einverstanden sein
I almost always agree with Susan. We like the same things.
army n /"A:mi/
● armée esercito Armee
He was in the army in World War II.
at night adv /@t "naIt/
● le soir, la nuit di sera, di notte nachts
My parents make me come home before 11 o’clock at night.
bath n /bA:T/
● bain bagno Bad
I want to have a bath and wash my hair before I go out.
become v /bI"kVm/
● devenir diventare werden
Michael wants to become a pilot.
begin v /bI"gIn/
● commencer cominciare anfangen, beginnen
What time does the film begin?
birthday n /"b3:TdeI/
● anniversaire compleanno Geburtstag
What did you buy Ursula for her birthday?
bomb v /bQm/
● bombarder bombardare bombardieren
The city was bombed in 1942, so the buildings are quite modern.
build v /bIld/
● construire costruire bauen
They’re building a new house.
businessman n /"bIznIsm&n/
● homme d’affaires uomo d’affari Geschäftsmann
The businessman went to New York for a meeting.
capital n /"k&pItl/
● capitale capitale Hauptstadt
Paris is the capital of France.
car crash n /"kA: %kr&S/
● accident de voiture incidente d’auto Autounfall
Fortunately, no one died in the car crash.
century n /"sentS@ri/
● siècle secolo Jahrhundert
We live in the 21st century.
chemistry n /"kemIstri/
● chimie chimica Chemie
I’m studying chemistry and biology at school.
child n /tSaIld/
● enfant bambino, bambina Kind
She has a two-year-old child.
Christmas n /"krIsm@s/
● Noël Natale Weihnachten
Christmas Day is on December 25th.
Congratulations! /k@n%gr&tSU"leISnz/
● Félicitations! Congratulazioni! Herzlichen Glückwunsch!
A baby girl? Congratulations!
cotton field n /"kQtn %fi:ld/
● champ de coton campo/piantagione di cotone Baumwollfeld
My great-grandfather worked in the cotton fields when he was young.
create v /kri"eIt/
● créer creare, fare schaffen, machen
The new shopping centre will create thousands of new jobs.
die v /daI/
● mourir morire sterben
Thousands of people die of cancer each year.
● gagner guadagnare verdienen
I earn £19,000 a year in my job.
Easter Day n /"i:st@ %deI/
● jour de Pâques giorno di Pasqua Ostersonntag
She had three chocolate eggs on Easter Day.
education n /edZU"keISn/
● éducation, études istruzione (Hoch)schulbildung, Bildung
He had an expensive education at a private school.
end v /end/
● finir, se terminer finire enden
I’ll go to bed when this film ends.
Euro n /"jU@r@U/
● euro Euro Euro
The Euro is used all over Europe.
event n /I"vent/
● événement avvenimento Ereignis, Veranstaltung
The Olympics is an international sporting event.
everybody pron /"evrIbQdi/
● tout le monde tutti alle
We’ll start the meeting when everybody is here.
farm n /fA:m/
● ferme fattoria (Bauern)hof
I lived on a farm as a child but moved to the city to go to university.
farmer n /"fA:m@/
● fermier, agriculteur agricoltore, agricoltrice Landwirt(in),
Bauer/Bäuerin
The farmer has 400 pigs.
fight v /faIt/
● combattre, se battre combattere, litigare kämpfen
Did your grandfather fight in the war?
finally adv /"faIn@li/
● enfin, finalement finalmente schliesslich, endlich
The passengers waited 45 minutes before the train finally left.
first (… next) adv /f3:st/
● d’abord, en premier prima als erstes, zuerst
First, do the Maths exercise; then check it again.
funeral n /"fju:n@r@l/
● enterrement funerale Beerdigung
My grandmother died on Wednesday and the funeral was on Friday.
great grandparents n pl /%greIt "gr&ndpe@r@nts/
● arrière-grands-parents bisnonni Urgrosseltern
My great grandparents died before I was born.
grocer n /"gr@Us@/
● épicier negoziante di alimentari Lebensmittelhändler(in)
The grocer in my street sells, bread, milk etc.
grow v /gr@U/
● (faire) pousser coltivare züchten
I want to grow roses in the garden this year.
Hallowe’en n /%h&l@U"i:n/
● Halloween vigilia d’Ognissanti, Halloween der Tag vor
Allerheiligen, Halloween
Do your children wear costumes at Hallowe’en?
happen v /"h&pn/
● arriver, se passer, se produire succedere passieren, geschehen
How did the accident happen?
hate v /heIt/
● détester, haïr odiare, detestare hassen
I hate bad traffic.
have a holiday v /%h&v @ "hQl@deI/
● prendre des vacances fare una vacanza Urlaub haben
We’re having a three-week holiday in August.
horse n /hO:s/
● cheval cavallo Pferd
The cowboy had a black horse.
immediately adv /I"mi:dI@tli/
● tout de suite, immédiatement immediatamente, subito sofort
If there’s a problem, call me immediately.
important adj /Im"pO:t@nt/
● important importante wichtig
The President is an important person.
Elementary wordlist
13
independence n /IndI"pend@ns/
● indépendance indipendenza
politics n /"pQl@tIks/
Unabhängigkeit
Most teenagers want some independence from their parents.
iron adj /"aI@n/
● fer di ferro Eisen
The doctor gave the woman iron supplements.
kiss v /kIs/
● embrasser baciare küssen
He kissed her at the end of the film.
later adv /"leIt@/
● plus tard più tardi später
I can’t talk right now. I’ll call you later.
leader n /"li:d@/
● chef, dirigeant capo, leader (An)führer(in)
He’s the leader of the Democrats.
leave v /li:v/
● quitter lasciare, finire verlassen, weggehen
I’ll leave school when I’m 18.
life n /laIf/
● vie vita Leben
She was 90 when she died, so she had a long life.
little (money) adj /"lItl/
● un peu de un po’ di wenig
Could I borrow a little money to buy a postcard?
look v /lUk/
● regarder guardare gucken, sehen
Look at that picture. Isn’t it fantastic?
lose v /lu:z/
● perdre perdere verlieren
I hope we don’t lose the game.
lucky adj /"lVki/
● qui a de la chance fortunato Glück haben
They won the lottery. They’re so lucky!
marry v /"m&ri/
● épouser, se marier avec sposarsi con, sposare heiraten
I want to marry my boyfriend.
midnight n /"mIdnaIt/
● minuit mezzanotte Mitternacht
The party will finish at midnight.
million n /"mIlj@n/
● million milione Million
A million people live in this city.
moon n /mu:n/
● lune luna Mond
Neil Armstrong walked on the moon.
Mother’s Day n /"mVD@z %deI/
● la fête des Mères la Festa della Mamma Muttertag
Tomorrow is Mother’s Day. Will you buy your mum some flowers?
need v /ni:d/
● avoir besoin de aver bisogno di brauchen
I need some milk for my coffee.
New Year’s Eve n /%nju: %jI@z "i:v/
● la Saint-Sylvestre capodanno Silvester(abend)
Did you go to a party on New Year’s Eve?
nineties n pl /"naIntiz/
● années quatre-vingt-dix anni novanta neunziger Jahre
Oasis were a popular rock group in the nineties.
own v /@Un/
● posséder possedere besitzen
My parents only own one car.
personality n /%p3:s@"n&l@ti/
● personnalité, caractère personalità Charakter, Persönlichkeit
Marie isn’t very beautiful, but she has a great personality.
poem n /"p@UIm/
● poème poesia Gedicht
My boyfriend wrote me a poem for Valentine’s Day.
politician n /%pQl@"tISn/
● homme/femme politique politico, politica Politiker(in)
My father is a politician. He works in the government.
● politique politica Politik
Karl Marx wrote about politics.
present (= birthday) n /"preznt/
● cadeau regalo Geschenk
Did you buy Jo a birthday present?
president n /"prezId@nt/
● président presidente Präsident(in)
Abraham Lincoln was the President of the United States.
prime minister n /%praIm "mInIst@/
● Premier ministre primo ministro Premierminister(in)
In Britain, the prime minister is the most important person in the
government.
problem n /"prQbl@m/
● problème problema Problem
Have you talked to your doctor about this problem?
read v /ri:d/
● lire leggere lesen
I like to read a book on the train when I come home from work.
remember v /rI"memb@/
● se souvenir de, se rappeler ricordarsi di, ricordare
sich erinnern an, sich merken
My grandmother can remember when she was a child.
resign v /"rIzaIn/
● démissionner dare le dimissioni zurücktreten
I’m going to resign from my job. I hate it.
Same to you. /"seIm t@ "ju:/
● Toi/Vous aussi. Altrettanto a te. Gleichfalls.
‘Happy Christmas.’ ‘Same to you.’
sit v /sIt/
● s’asseoir, être assis sedersi, essere seduto sitzen
I’m very tired. I need to sit down.
slave n /sleIv/
● esclave schiavo, schiava Sklave/Sklavin
Many rich Americans had slaves before the Civil War.
sleep v /sli:p/
● dormir dormire schlafen
I didn’t sleep very well last night.
soldier n /"s@UldZ@/
● soldat soldato Soldat(in)
Thousands of soldiers died in the war.
strong adj /strQN/
● solide, fort forte, robusto stark, stabil
Don’t fight him! He’s very strong.
study v /"stVdi/
● étudier studiare lernen, studieren
Did you study a lot for your exam?
subject (school) n /"sVbdZekt/
● matière materia Fach
Geography is my favourite subject.
sure adj /SU@/, /SO:/
● sûr sicuro sicher
Are you sure the answer’s correct?
survive v /s@"vaIv/
● survivre à, réchapper de sopravvivere überleben
No one survived the bomb.
tear (= cry) n /tI@/
● larme lacrima Träne
She had tears in her eyes when she said goodbye.
terrorist n /"ter@rist/
● terroriste terrorista Terrorist(in)
The terrorists put a bomb on the plane.
Thank goodness! /"T&Nk "gUdn@s/
● Dieu merci! Grazie al cielo! Gott sei Dank!
You’re OK! Thank goodness!
Thanksgiving n /T&Nks"gIvIN/
● aux États-Unis, jour d’actions de grâce In USA, festa del
ringraziamento amerikanisches Erntedankfest
Thanksgiving is an American festival.
Elementary wordlist
14
theatre n /"TI@t@/
● théâtre teatro
bottle n /"bQt@l/
Theater
I saw ‘Romeo and Juliet’ at the theatre.
tobacco n /t@"b&k@U/
● tabac tabacco Tabak
Cigarettes are made with tobacco.
together adv /t@"geD@/
● ensemble insieme zusammen
Let’s go to the party together. I hate arriving alone.
tomorrow adv /t@"mQr@U/
● demain domani morgen
She’s getting married tomorrow.
twin n /twIn/
● jumeau, jumelle gemello, gemella Zwilling
James and his sister are twins.
university n /%ju:nI"v3:s@ti/
● université università Universität
My brother studies literature at the University of London.
Valentine’s Day n /"v&l@ntaInz %deI/
● la Saint-Valentin (la festa di) San Valentino Valentinstag
My boyfriend gave me red roses on Valentine’s Day.
video n /"vIdi@U/
● cassette vidéo video Video
We bought a video of the film.
war n /wO:/
● guerre guerra Krieg
My grandfather fought in the First World War.
wedding day n /"wedIN %deI/
● jour des noces giorno delle nozze Tag der Hochzeit
She wore a long white dress on her wedding day.
widow n /"wId@U/
● veuve vedova Witwe
My grandmother is a widow. My grandfather died last year.
win v /wIn/
● gagner vincere gewinnen
If we win this game, we’ll be in the final.
work hard v /%w3:k "hA:d/
● travailler dur lavorare sodo hart arbeiten
Fiona worked hard on the school project.
wrong adj /rQN/
● mauvais, faux sbagliato falsch
I’m sorry, that answer is wrong.
Unit 8
(3 years) ago adv /@"g@U/
● il y a (trois ans) (3 anni) fa
vor (3 Jahren)
We moved to the USA three years ago.
(coffee) break n /breIk/
● pause(-café) pausa per il caffè (Kaffee)pause
We often take a break in the afternoon.
arthritis n /A:T"raItIs/
● arthrite artrite Arthritis
My aunt has arthritis and can’t walk very well.
aspirin n /"&sprIn/
● aspirine aspirina Aspirin
I took an aspirin for my headache.
astronaut n /"&str@nO:t/
● astronaute astronauta Astronaut(in)
Do you want to be an astronaut and travel to the moon?
banana n /b@"nA:n@/
● banane banana Banane
Bananas are my favourite fruit.
best-selling adj /"best"selIN/
● à succès più venduto meistverkauft, ErfolgsJohn Grisham has written many best-selling books.
blue adj /blu:/
● bleu azzurro, blu blau
The sea is so blue in Greece.
● bouteille bottiglia Flasche
The children drank two bottles of Coca-Cola.
boy n /bOI/
● garçon ragazzo Junge
The boy’s name was Paul.
chatline n /"tS&tlaIn/
● lignes de conversation multiple chatline Chatline
Talking on a chatline can be very expensive.
cloth n /klQT/
● tissu stoffa Stoff
I’d like 3 metres of this cloth, to make a skirt.
company n /"kVmp@ni/
● société società, compagnia Unternehmen, Firma
My father works for a big computer company.
couple n /"kVpl/
● couple coppia Paar
The couple have two children: one son and a daughter.
date n /deIt/
● date data Datum
‘What’s today’s date?’ ‘It’s October 26th.’
delicious adj /dI"lIS@s/
● délicieux squisito köstlich, lecker
Sarah, this cake is delicious!
drug n /drVg/
● drogue, médicaments droga, medicina Droge
The doctor gave me some drugs to fight the infection.
e-mail n /"I:meIl/
● e-mail e-mail E-Mail
I checked my e-mail on her computer.
exam n /Ig"z&m/
● examen esame Klausur, Prüfung, Examen
I have to study for an exam this evening.
face n /feIs/
● visage, figure faccia Gesicht
Lara has a beautiful face. She could be a model.
face to face /"feIs t@ "feIs/
● face à face a quattr’occhi Auge in Auge, von Angesicht
zu Angesicht
I prefer to talk face to face than on the phone.
fashionable adj /"f&Sn@bl/
● à la mode di moda modern, modisch
I buy my clothes at the most fashionable shop in town.
fax n /f&ks/
● télécopie, fax fax Fax
Leave the fax on my desk.
fisherman n /"fIS@m@n/
● pêcheur pescatore Fischer
The fisherman went to sea in his boat.
funny adj /"fVni/
● drôle divertente, buffo lustig, witzig
The comedian wasn’t particularly funny.
get engaged v /%get In"geIdZd/
● se fiancer fidanzarsi sich verloben
We got engaged on Valentine’s Day. It was very romantic.
get married v /%get "m&rId/
● se marier sposarsi heiraten
We’re planning to get married in church.
good luck! /%gUd "lVk/
● bonne chance! in bocca al lupo viel Glück!
‘I’m starting a new job on Monday.’ ‘Good luck!’
green adj /gri:n/
● vert verde grün
The trees are green in spring.
(be) in a hurry /%In @ "hVri/
● (être) pressé (avere) fretta in Eile
I’m in a hurry. I’m late.
incredible adj /In"kred@bl/
● incroyable incredibile unglaublich
‘Did you watch that documentary on TV?’
‘Yes, what an incredible story!’
Elementary wordlist
15
Internet n /"Int@net/
● Internet Internet
true adj /tru:/
Internet
I bought the CD on the Internet.
invention n /In"venSn/
● invention invenzione Erfindung
The telephone was a fantastic invention.
jeans n pl /dZi:nz/
● jean jeans Jeans
I love your jeans, Jess! Where did you get them?
joke n /dZ@Uk/
● blague barzelletta Witz
That wasn’t a very funny joke, Yasmine.
leg n /leg/
● jambe, patte gamba, zampa Bein
I broke my leg skiing.
mouth n /maUT/
● bouche bocca Mund
Don’t talk with food in your mouth.
nervous adj /"n3:v@s/
● anxieux, tendu apprensivo, ansiosa nervös, ängstlich
I was quite nervous before my exam.
nowadays adv /"naU@deIz/
● de nos jours oggigiorno heute, heutzutage
Almost everyone has a television nowadays.
painkiller n /"peInkIl@/
● analgésique analgesico Schmerzmittel
The doctor gave me a painkiller and sent me home.
philosopher n /fI"los@f@/
● philosophe filosofo, filosofa Philosoph(in)
Descartes was a famous philosopher.
phone call n /"f@Un %kO:l/
● coup de téléphone telefonata (Telefon)anruf
If I miss your phone call, will you leave me a message?
produce v /pr@"dju:s/
● produire produrre herstellen, produzieren
They produce a lot of wine in Australia.
public holiday n /"pVblIk "hQl@deI/
● jour férié giorno festivo gesetzlicher Feiertag
New Year’s Day is a public holiday in most countries.
recipe n /"res@pi/
● recette ricetta Rezept
This cake is delicious. Can you give me the recipe?
record (for music) n /"rekO:d/
● disque disco Schallplatte
I’m sure she has every Elvis Presley record.
ride v /raId/
● rouler/monter à andare in fahren
I learnt to ride a bicycle when I was 11 years old.
rose n /r@Uz/
● rose rosa Rose
I need one red rose for this vase.
send v /send/
● envoyer mandare schicken
Send me a postcard when you arrive!
term n /t3:m/
● trimestre trimestre Trimester, Halbjahr
Our term ends tomorrow and we have two weeks’ holiday.
them pron /Dem/
● les, leur, eux li, le, (a) loro sie, ihnen
Did you phone them?
throw v /Tr@U/
● lancer, jeter gettare, tirare werfen
He can throw a ball 100 metres.
transmit v /tr&nz"mIt/
● diffuser, transmettre trasmettere übertragen
The doctors don’t know how the virus was transmitted.
trousers n pl /"traUz@z/
● pantalon pantaloni Hose
Girls can’t wear trousers at my school.
● vrai, exact vero, fedele wahr, treu
The film was based on a true story.
true love n /%tru: "lVv/
● grand amour vero amore wahre Liebe
True love is difficult to find.
vacuum cleaner n /"v&kju:m %kli:n@/
● aspirateur aspirapolvere Staubsauger
She used the vacuum cleaner to clean the rug.
way n /weI/
● moyen, façon modo Weg, Art, Weise
What’s the best way to learn new vocabulary?
women n pl /"wImIn/
● femmes donne Frauen
There are many more women than men in the world.
workmen n pl /"w3:kmen/, /"w3:km@n/
● ouvriers operai Arbeiter
The workmen worked all the night to repair the road.
workroom n /"w3:krUm/
● atelier laboratorio, stanza da lavoro Werkstatt
The jeweller has a workroom at the back of his shop.
worried adj /"wVrId/
● inquiet preoccupato besorgt
She is really late. I’m a little worried about her.
Unit 9
a bit n /@ "bIt/
● un peu un po’
ein bisschen
It’s a bit cold in here. Is the heating on?
all sorts n pl /"O:l "sO:ts/
● toutes sortes ogni genere, tutti i tipi alle Arten
They sell all sorts of things at the shop in my street.
anybody pron /"enibQdi/
● personne, n’importe qui nessuno (irgend)jemand
I didn’t know anybody at the party.
anyway adv /"eniweI/
● de toute façon, en tout cas comunque jedenfalls, sowieso
She isn’t beautiful but I love her anyway.
apple juice n /"&pl %dZu:s/
● jus de pomme succo di mela Apfelsaft
Would you like a glass of apple juice, Oliver?
away from adv /@"weI %fr@m/
● à … de lontano da, a distanza da entfernt von
Janice only lives 2 minutes away from here.
bacon n /"beIk@n/
● bacon pancetta Schinkenspeck
We often eat bacon for breakfast in Britain.
bar of chocolate n /"bA:(r) @v "tSQkl@t/
● tablette de chocolat tavoletta di cioccolato Schokoriegel
I bought a bar of chocolate on my way home from school.
beer n /bI@/
● bière birra Bier
My dad often has a beer with dinner.
birthday n /"b3:TdeI/
● anniversaire compleanno Geburtstag
My birthday is on May 12th. I’ll be 21 years old.
biscuit n /"bIskIt/
● biscuit biscotto Keks
Would you like a biscuit with your tea?
black (coffee) adj /bl&k/
● noir nero schwarz
Do you like your coffee black or with milk?
borrow v /"bQr@U/
● emprunter prendere in prestito leihen
Could I borrow your newspaper for five minutes?
bread n /bred/
● pain pane Brot
Is there any bread? I want to make a sandwich.
Elementary wordlist
16
carrot n /"k&r@t/
● carotte carota
history n /"hIst@ri/
Möhre, Karotte
A carrot is a long, orange vegetable.
central adj /"sentr@l/
● central centrale Mittel-, zentral
The new school is quite central.
cheese n /tSi:z/
● fromage formaggio Käse
Brie is a French cheese.
chopsticks n pl /"tSQpstIks/
● baguettes bastoncini (cinesi) Essstäbchen
We often use chopsticks when we go to a Japanese restaurant.
cigarette n /sIg@"ret/
● cigarette sigaretta Zigarette
He often smokes a cigarette after dinner.
control v /k@n"tr@Ul/
● contrôler, maîtriser tenere sotto controllo kontrollieren,
beherrschen
She can’t control her class. She’s a terrible teacher.
course (of a meal) n /kO:s/
● plat portata, piatto Gang
We had chicken for our main course.
curry n /"kVri/
● curry pietanza al curry Curry
Curry is a popular Indian dish.
dangerous adj /"deIndZ@r@s/
● dangereux pericoloso gefährlich
The police said the man was dangerous.
depend v /dI"pend/
● dépendre dipendere abhängig sein
Babies depend on their parents for everything.
dessert n /dI"z3:t/
● dessert dessert, dolce Dessert, Nachtisch
Would you like ice-cream for dessert?
disgusting adj /dIs"gVstIN/
● dégoûtant, répugnant schifoso widerlich, ekelhaft
What a disgusting meal! I can’t eat it.
environment n /In"vaIr@nm@nt/
● environnement ambiente Umwelt
Recycling paper and bottles can help save the environment.
finger n /"fINg@/
● doigt dito Finger
He cut his finger on the knife.
fish n /fIS/
● poisson pesce Fisch(e)
Fish and chips is a popular English dinner.
fizzy water n /"fIzi "wO:t@/
● eau gazeuse acqua frizzante/gassata Wasser mit Kohlensäure
Perrier is fizzy water.
for example /%f@(r) Ig"zA:mpl/
● par exemple per esempio zum Beispiel
I’m not good at some subjects; for example, Latin and Greek.
foreign adj /"fQrIn/
● étranger straniero ausländisch, fremd
Do you like foreign food?
fruit n /fru:t/
● fruits, fruit frutta, frutto Obst, Früchte
I eat a lot of fruit, especially apples.
full adj /fUl/
● plein, bondé pieno voll
The restaurant was full, so we went to a different one.
glad adj /gl&d/
● content contento froh
I’m so glad that George is better.
ham n /h&m/
● jambon prosciutto Schinken
I often have a ham sandwich for my lunch.
herring n /"herIN/
● hareng aringa Hering
Herring is popular in Scandinavia.
● histoire storia
Geschichte
My sister studies history at university.
human adj /"hju:m@n/
● humain umano menschlich
The police said the accident was the result of human error.
hungry adj /"hVNgri/
● qui a faim affamato, che ha fame hungrig
I’m hungry. Can I have something to eat?
land n /l&nd/
● terrain, terres terreno Land
We own all the land from the house to the river.
main (meal) adj /meIn/
● principal principale wichtigste(r,s), HauptMost people have their main meal in the evening.
meal n /mi:l/
● repas pasto Mahlzeit, Essen
Breakfast is one of the most important meals of the day.
meat n /mi:t/
● viande carne Fleisch
Vegetarians do not eat meat.
milk n /mIlk/
● lait latte Milch
Do you take milk in your tea?
mushroom n /"mVSrUm/
● champignon fungo Pilz
Do you like mushrooms on your pizza?
noodles n pl /"nu:dlz/
● nouilles tagliatelle cinesi Nudeln
It is difficult to eat noodles with chopsticks.
part (of the world) n /pA:t/
● région parte Teil
What part of South America are you from?
pass (= give) v /pA:s/
● passer passare (herüber)reichen
Gavin, can you pass me the salt?
pasta n /p&st@/
● pâtes pasta Nudeln, Teigwaren
When I lived in Italy, we often had pasta for dinner.
pea n /pi:/
● petit pois pisello Erbse
Peas are my favourite vegetable.
pick up v /%pIk "Vp/
● relever, prendre dans ses bras, ramasser tirare su, prendere
aufheben, hochheben
He picked up the chocolate and put it in his mouth.
pocket n /"pQkIt/
● poche tasca (Hosen/Jacken)tasche
Is the ticket in your pocket?
possible adj /"pQs@bl/
● possible possibile möglich
I’ll try to come as soon as possible.
potatoes n pl /p@"teIt@Uz/
● pommes de terre patate Kartoffeln
Chips are made from potatoes.
rice n /raIs/
● riz riso Reis
Rice is often served with Indian food.
right now adv /%raIt "naU/
● tout de suite, maintenant proprio ora, subito jetzt, zu diesem
Zeitpunkt
Sorry, I can’t come right now. Perhaps this afternoon?
salt n /sO:lt/, /sQlt/
● sel sale Salz
I always put salt on my chips.
sardine n /sA:"di:n/
● sardine sardina Sardine
Sardines are a kind of fish.
sauce n /sO:s/
● sauce salsa, sugo Sosse
We made a tomato sauce for the pasta.
Elementary wordlist
17
sausages n pl /"sQsIdZIz/
● saucisses salsicce
carnival n /"kA:nIvl/
Würste
My dad likes to have sausages with his eggs at breakfast.
shopping list n /"SQpIN %lIst/
● liste des courses lista della spesa Einkaufszettel
I usually make a shopping list before I go to the supermarket.
south n /saUT/
● sud sud Süden
Monte Carlo is in the south of France.
still water n /"stIl "wO:t@/
● eau plate acqua naturale Wasser ohne Kohlensäure
‘Can I get you anything to drink Madam?’
‘Just a glass of still water, please.’
strawberry n /"strO:b@ri/
● fraise fragola Erdbeere
We’re having ice-cream and strawberries for dessert.
sugar n /"SUg@/
● sucre zucchero Zucker
I don’t want any sugar in my tea, thanks.
table n /teIbl/
● table tavola, tavolo Tisch
Come on! The dinner is on the table.
terrible adj /"ter@bl/
● terrible, affreux terribile furchtbar, schrecklich
I’ve got a terrible headache.
toast n /t@Ust/
● pain grillé pane tostato Toast(brot)
Would you like some jam on your toast?
tomato n /t@"mA:t@U/
● tomate pomodoro Tomate
I hope to grow tomatoes in my garden this year.
transport n /"tr&nspO:t/
● moyen de transport mezzo di trasporto Transport(mittel),
Verkehr(smittel)
What form of transport do you prefer: bus or train?
typical adj /"tIpIkl/
● typique tipico typisch
John is a typical British name.
vegetable n /"vedZt@bl/
● légume verdura Gemüse
My favourite vegetables are carrots.
washing-up n /%wQSIN "Vp/
● vaisselle lavare i piatti Abwasch
You cooked so I’ll do the washing-up after dinner.
wonderful adj /"wVnd@fUl/
● merveilleux meraviglioso wunderbar
We had wonderful weather on holiday. It was hot and sunny every day.
yoghurt n /"jQg@t/
● yaourt yogurt Jogurt
Yoghurt is a popular breakfast food.
Unit 10
art n /A:t/
● art arte
Kunst
Helen studied art at college. She painted some fantastic pictures.
blues (music) n pl /blu:z/
● blues blues Blues
John Lee Hooker played the blues.
bridge n /brIdZ/
● pont ponte Brücke
They’re building a new bridge across the River Thames.
building n /"bIldIN/
● bâtiment edificio Gebäude
What do you think of that modern office building?
car park n /"kA: %pA:k/
● parking parcheggio Parkplatz
I left the car in the station car park.
● carnaval carnevale Karneval
Rio is famous for its carnival.
castle n /"kA:sl/
● château castello Burg, Schloss
There’s a famous castle in Windsor.
cathedral n /k@"Ti:dr@l/
● cathédrale cattedrale, duomo Kathedrale
The biggest cathedral in the world is St Peter’s in Rome.
cosmopolitan adj /%kQzm@"pQlIt@n/
● cosmopolite cosmopolitano kosmopolitisch
London is a very cosmopolitan city.
cottage n /"kQtIdZ/
● petite maison, cottage villetta, cottage Cottage, Häuschen
They live in a little cottage in the country.
country (not city) n /"kVntri/
● campagne campagna Land
Do you prefer the country or the city?
cousin n /"kVz@n/
● cousin(e) cugino, cugina Cousin(e)
My uncle’s son and daughter are my cousins.
cultural centre n /"kVltS@r@l %sent@/
● centre culturel centro culturale kulturelles Zentrum
New York is the cultural centre of the USA.
dirty adj /"d3:ti/
● sale sporco schmutzig
I need to wash my clothes. They’re dirty.
empire n /"empaI@/
● empire impero Kaiserreich, Imperium
India was part of the British Empire until 1947.
factory n /"f&ktri/
● usine fabbrica Fabrik
They make cars at that factory.
field n /fi:ld/
● champ campo Feld
There are some horses in the field behind my house.
found (a university) v /faUnd/
● fonder fondare gründen
Our college was founded in 1893.
garage n /"g&rIdZ/, /"g&rA:Z/
● garage garage, box Garage
We keep the car in the garage in winter.
garden n /"gA:dn/
● jardin giardino Garten
She has a lovely garden full of flowers.
gateway n /"geItweI/
● porte porta Tor(bogen)
The Internet is a kind of virtual ‘gateway’ to the world.
group n /gru:p/
● groupe gruppo Gruppe
U2 are a famous Irish rock group.
hedge n /hedZ/
● haie siepe Hecke
There’s a hedge between our garden and the street.
hill n /hIl/
● colline collina Hügel
You can see the sea from the top of that hill.
hotel n /h@U"tel/
● hôtel hotel, albergo Hotel
Will you stay in a hotel on your holiday?
hymn n /hIm/
● hymne inno sacro Choral
We sang a hymn at my grandfather’s funeral.
immigrants n pl /"ImIgr@nts/
● immigrés immigrati, immigranti Einwanderer
Many immigrants prefer to live in large cities because there are more jobs.
intelligent adj /In"telIdZ@nt/
● intelligent intelligente intelligent
She’s so intelligent. She got 98% in the exam.
Elementary wordlist
18
library n /"laIbr@ri/
● bibliothèque biblioteca
top ten adj /%tQp "ten/
Bibliothek, Bücherei
I borrowed the book from the library.
mixture n /"mIkstS@/
● mélange miscuglio Mischung
Oh no! I didn’t put any sugar in the cake mixture before I cooked it.
mountain n /"maUntIn/
● montagne montagna Berg
The highest mountain in the world is Everest.
museum n /mju:"zI@m/
● musée museo Museum
On Ellis Island in New York there’s a museum about the first immigrants.
night club n /"naIt %klVb/
● boîte (de nuit) night club, locale notturno Nachtklub, Diskothek
I don’t like that night club. They only play techno music.
noisy adj /"nOIzi/
● bruyant rumoroso laut
The children are so noisy. Tell them to be quiet.
orchestra n /"O:kIstr@/
● orchestre orchestra Orchester
I played the violin in the school orchestra.
passenger n /"p&sIndZ@/
● passager passeggero, passaggera Passagier
The passenger asked to change to a window seat.
popular adj /"pQpj@l@/
● qui jouit d’une grande popularité popolare, ammirato beliebt
He’s a good teacher and he’s very popular with the students.
port n /pO:t/
● port porto Hafen
The ship came into the port.
pretty adj /"prIti/
● joli carino/a hübsch
Lara is a very pretty girl.
quiet adj /"kwaI@t/
● tranquille, silencieux zitto, silenzioso, basso leise
The music’s very quiet. I can’t hear it.
restaurant n /"restrQnt/
● restaurant ristorante Restaurant
We ate in a good Chinese restaurant.
river bank n /"rIv@ %b&Nk/
● rive, berge riva del fiume Flussufer
We sat on the river bank and threw bread to the fish.
rock group n /"rQk %gru:p/
● groupe de rock gruppo rock Rockband
Have you heard of the rock group Oasis?
safe adj /seIf/
● en sécurité al sicuro sicher
Your secret is safe with me.
ship n /Sip/
● bateau, navire nave Schiff, Boot
The Queen Mary is a famous ship.
song n /sQN/
● chanson canzone Lied
Her favourite song is ‘Imagine’ by John Lennon.
spices n pl /"spaIsIz/
● épices spezie Gewürze
There are a lot of spices in Indian food.
stand v /st&nd/
● être/se tenir debout stare in piedi stehen
We had to stand on the bus because it was so full.
street n /stri:t/
● rue strada, via Strasse
What street does Danielle live on?
tall adj /tO:l/
● grand alto gross
The Empire State Building is very tall.
● les dix plus importants i/le dieci più venduti
(die) zehn führenden
They play the week’s top ten songs on the radio on Sunday afternoons.
travel n /"tr&vl/
● voyage viaggio Reisen
I spend most of my money on travel to other countries.
the Underground n /Di "Vnd@graUnd/
● le métro la metropolitana die U-Bahn
We usually take the Underground to travel around London.
unfriendly adj /Vn"frendli/
● froid, hostile antipatico, ostile unfreundlich
Why was Alice so unfriendly today? Is she angry with me?
village n /"vIlIdZ/
● village paese Dorf
They live in a very small village in the mountains.
wood n /wUd/
● bois bosco Wald
I love walking in the wood in autumn because the trees are so beautiful.
Unit 11
baby n /"beIbi/
● bébé neonato, bambino, bambina
Baby
She’s going to have a baby in June.
baseball cap n /"beIsbO:l %k&p/
● casquette de base-ball berretto da baseball Baseballmütze
The teacher asked the boy to remove his baseball cap in class.
bloom v /blu:m/
● éclore, fleurir sbocciare, fiorire blühen
Many flowers bloom in spring.
boot n /bu:t/
● botte stivale Stiefel
I need a pair of boots for the winter.
bright adj /braIt/
● brillant luminoso, brillante leuchtend, hell
That light isn’t very bright. I can’t see very well.
changing rooms n pl /"tSeIndZIN %ru:mz/
● cabines d’essayage camerino, cabina di prova Umkleidekabinen
‘Can I try on these jeans?’ ‘Yes, the changing rooms are over there.’
chewing gum n /"tSu:IN %gVm/
● chewing-gum chewing-gum, gomma da masticare Kaugummi
I usually have some chewing gum after I drink coffee.
choose v /tSu:z/
● choisir scegliere (aus)wählen, aussuchen
Can you help me choose a present for Lucy?
cigar n /sI"gA:/
● cigare sigaro Zigarre
My uncle always smokes big cigars.
cry v /kraI/
● pleurer piangere weinen
Our baby’s very good, he doesn’t cry much.
dark adj /dA:k/
● sombre buio, scuro dunkel
It was a dark night, with no moon.
dress n /dres/
● robe vestito, abito (da donna) Kleid
She wore a beautiful, long dress at her wedding.
eat v /i:t/
● manger mangiare essen
We often eat fish and chips on a Friday night.
fair (hair) adj /fe@/
● blond biondo, chiaro hell
Scandinavians often have fair hair.
fresh adj /freS/
● frais fresco frisch
We buy fresh milk each day.
good-looking adj /%gUd"lUkIN/
● beau bello, piacente gutaussehend
‘Janine’s a good-looking girl!’ ‘Yes, she’s very pretty.’
Elementary wordlist
19
grey adj /greI/
● gris grigio, bianco
smile v /smaIl/
grau
Mary’s about 65 and her hair’s grey now.
hair n /he@/
● cheveux capelli Haar(e)
Dan has blue eyes and blond hair.
half n /hA:f/
● moitié metà Hälfte
They arrived late, so they only saw the second half of the game.
handsome adj /"h&ns@m/
● beau bellissimo gutaussehend
Sally’s new husband is quite handsome.
hat n /h&t/
● chapeau cappello Hut
Wear your hat to keep your head warm.
jacket n /"dZ&kIt/
● veste giacca Jacke, Jackett
I’m going to buy a new denim jacket.
jumper n /"dZVmp@/
● pull, pull-over maglione, maglia Pullover
If you’re cold, put on your jumper.
musician n /mju:"zISn/
● musicien musicista Musiker(in)
I play the guitar and I want to be a musician when I grow up.
pay v /peI/
● payer pagare bezahlen
My dad pays me to wash his car every week.
pram n /pr&m/
● landau carrozzina Kinderwagen
The young mother put the baby in the pram to take it to the park.
rainbow n /"reInb@U/
● arc-en-ciel arcobaleno Regenbogen
There are seven colours in a rainbow.
roller skates n pl /"r@Ul@ %skeIts/
● patins à roulette pattini a rotelle Rollschuhe
Roller skates were popular in the 1970s, but now roller blades are more
fashionable.
run v /rVn/
● courir correre laufen, rennen
I run round the park every day.
shake hands v /SeIk h&ndz/
● serrer la main stringere la mano schütteln
The players always shake hands at the beginning of the match.
shiny adj /"SaIni/
● brillant lucido glänzend
Do you use a special shampoo? Your hair is so shiny!
shirt n /S3:t/
● chemise camicia (Ober)hemd
He wore a smart suit and a shirt and tie to the job interview.
shoe n /Su:/
● chaussure scarpa Schuh
My new shoes hurt my feet!
shorts n pl /SO:ts/
● short shorts, pantaloncini kurze Hose
I prefer to wear shorts in the summer.
silly adj /"sIli/
● bête, stupide sciocco blöd, albern
That’s a silly question, Richard. Of course I still want to marry you!
size n /saIz/
● taille, pointure misura Grösse
What size are your feet?
skateboard n /"skeItbO:d/
● skateboard skateboard Skateboard
Tim broke his wrist when he fell off his skateboard.
skirt n /sk3:t/
● jupe gonna Rock
Girls have to wear a skirt at my school.
sky n /skaI/
● ciel cielo Himmel
There wasn’t a single cloud in the sky.
● sourire sorridere lächeln
Please smile for the photo.
sports car n /"spO:ts %kA:/
● voiture de sport macchina sportiva Sportwagen
Ferrari is the most famous make of sports car.
starry adj /"stA:ri/
● étoilé stellato sternklar
It was a clear and starry night.
suit n /su:t/
● costume, complet abito, completo Anzug
Nigel wore a new suit to the wedding.
sunglasses n pl /"sVnglA:sIz/
● lunettes de soleil occhiali da sole Sonnenbrille
I always take my sunglasses to the beach.
T-shirt n /"ti:S3:t/
● tee-shirt maglietta T-Shirt
I usually wear T-shirts on holiday.
talk v /tO:k/
● parler parlare reden
Did you talk to your mother last night?
trainers n pl /"treIn@z/
● tennis, chaussures de sport scarpe da ginnastica Turnschuhe
I didn’t have any football boots, so I wore my trainers.
try on v /%traI "Qn/
● essayer provare anprobieren
I’d like to try on these trousers, please.
umbrella n /Vm"brel@/
● parapluie ombrello Regenschirm
Oh no! It’s raining and I left the umbrella in the car!
whose? pron /hu:z/
● à qui ? di chi? wessen?
‘Whose bag is this?’ ‘It’s mine.’
Unit 12
accident n /"&ksId@nt/
● accident incidente
Unfall
My sister was in a car accident at the weekend.
adventure n /@d"ventS@/
● aventure avventura Abenteuer
Our holiday in the States was quite an adventure!
amazed adj /@"meIzd/
● émerveillé sbalordito erstaunt
I was amazed by the Colosseum in Rome!
blouse n /blaUz/
● chemisier camicetta Bluse
Ellie was wearing a black skirt and a white blouse.
championship n /"tS&mpi@nSIp/
● championnat campionato Meisterschaft
Manchester United will win the championship next year.
cloudy adj /"klaUdi/
● nuageux, couvert nuvoloso wolkig, bewölkt
It’s cloudy today. I’ll take some photos tomorrow if it’s sunny.
coast n /k@Ust/
● côte costa Küste
I often drive to the coast to go surfing.
cool adj /ku:l/
● frais fresco, freddo kühl, kalt
Take a jumper if the weather is cool.
corner n /"kO:n@/
● coin angolo Ecke
The cinema is on the corner of Vine Street and Bow Road.
degrees n pl /dI"gri:z/
● degrés gradi Grad
It’s so hot! It’s about 40 degrees!
driving school n /"draIvIN %sku:l/
● auto-école scuola guida Fahrschule
I went to a driving school to learn how to drive.
Elementary wordlist
20
dry adj /draI/
● sec asciutto
sneeze v /sni:z/
trocken
I’ve been out in the rain. I need to put some dry clothes on.
excitement n /Ik"saItm@nt/
● excitation eccitazione, emozione Spannung, Aufregung
Jasmine was full of excitement as she opened the present from her
boyfriend.
feel sick v /%fi:l "sIk/
● avoir la nausée avere la nausea, sentirsi male sich nicht gut/sich
krank fühlen
If you eat all the chocolate, you’ll feel sick.
float v /fl@Ut/
● flotter galleggiare treiben, schwimmen
I was tired, so I stopped swimming and floated on the water on my back.
foggy adj /"fQgi/
● brumeux nebbioso neblig
It’s not a good idea to drive when it’s really foggy, because you can’t see
well.
forever adv /f@r"ev@/
● (pour) toujours per sempre ewig
Oh, Sam, I’ll love you forever!
forget v /f@"get/
● oublier dimenticare vergessen
Don’t forget your ticket – you’ll need it to get in.
fresh air n /%freS "e@/
● air frais aria fresca, aria aperta frische Luft
I enjoy walking in the country because I love the fresh air.
full-time adj /%fUl"taIm/
● à plein temps a tempo pieno VollzeitI’m a student, so I don’t have a full-time job.
garden shed n /%gA:dn "Sed/
● abri de jardin capanno Gartenhäuschen
He has a garden shed where he keeps everything he needs for
the garden.
grow up v /%gr@U "Vp/
● grandir, devenir adulte diventare grande erwachsen werden
When my children grow up, they will leave home.
lion n /"laI@n/
● lion leone Löwe
I was afraid when we saw a lion on safari.
motor racing n /"m@Ut@ %reIsIN/
● courses automobiles corse automobilistiche Rennsport
My dad loves motor racing, especially Michael Schumacher.
parachute n /"p&r@Su:t/
● parachute paracadute Fallschirm
Open your parachute after you jump out of the plane.
pyramid n /"pIr@mId/
● pyramide piramide Pyramide
The pyramids are in Egypt.
race v /reIs/
● courir, faire la course correre rasen, rennen
The two boys raced to the end of the street and Robert won.
racing circuit n /"reIsIN %s3:kIt/
● circuit automobile pista automobilistica Rennbahn
Le Mans is France’s most famous racing circuit.
racing driver n /"reIsIN %draIv@/
● coureur automobile pilota da corsa Rennfahrer(in)
Ayrton Senna was a Formula One racing driver.
record n /"rekO:d/
● record record, primato Rekord
The world record for the 100m was broken at the Olympics.
retire v /rI"taI@/
● se retirer, prendre sa retraite ritirarsi sich zurückziehen
I’ll retire when I’m 65.
sky diving n /"skaI %daIvIN/
● parachutisme en chute libre paracadutismo in caduta libera,
skydiving Fallschirmspringen
Sky diving is very expensive because you need a plane.
● éternuer starnutire niesen
I sneeze a lot when I have a cold.
star (TV) n /stA:/
● vedette stella, star Star
Someday I hope to be a famous TV star.
sunbathe v /"sVnbeID/
● prendre un bain de soleil prendere il sole sonnenbaden
I sunbathe on the beach a lot in the summer.
swimming costume n /"swImIN %kQstju:m/
● maillot de bain costume da bagno Badezeug, -anzug
Oh no! I’ve forgotten my swimming costume and now I can’t go
swimming!
top marks n pl /"tQp "mA:ks/
● la meilleure note i voti migliori die beste Note
I hope to get top marks in my English exam.
trouble n /"trVbl/
● mal, difficultés difficoltà Probleme, Schwierigkeiten
I’m having trouble with the car again. I think it needs to go to the garage.
tulip n /"tju:lIp/
● tulipe tulipano Tulpe
The tulip is my favourite spring flower.
view n /vju:/
● vue vista Sicht, Blick
There’s amazing view from the top of the Empire State Building.
weather n /"weT@/
● temps tempo (atmosferico) Wetter
The weather was terrible. It rained every day.
windsurfing n /"wInds3:fIN/
● planche à voile windsurf Windsurfing
I sometimes go windsurfing on the lake.
windy adj /"wIndi/
● de grand vent ventoso windig
The washing dried quickly because it was so windy.
Unit 13
annoyed adj /@"nOId/
● en colère, agacé seccato, irritato ärgerlich, verärgert
I will be quite annoyed if Jan and Sue are late again this evening.
arrive v /@"raIv/
● arriver arrivare ankommen
What time do you think the guests will arrive?
badly adv /"b&dli/
● mal male schlecht
Alicia did badly in the exam, and only got 21%.
behave v /bI"heIv/
● se comporter comportarsi sich benehmen
He’s 18, but sometimes he behaves like a child.
behaviour n /bI"heIvI@/
● comportement comportamento Benehmen, Verhalten
His behaviour was very aggressive.
burglar n /"b3:gl@/
● cambrioleur ladro, ladra Einbrecher
The burglar took my TV and video.
carefully adv /"ke@f@li/
● attentivement attentamente sorgfältig, genau
Please drive carefully in the city.
change (= money) n /tSeIndZ/
● monnaie moneta, spiccioli Wechselgeld, Kleingeld
She gave the homeless man some change.
depart v /dI"pA:t/
● partir partire abfahren, -fliegen
The next train to London departs in 15 minutes.
elephant n /"elIf@nt/
● éléphant elefante Elefant
An elephant is a very big animal.
Elementary wordlist
21
explain v /Ik"spleIn/
● expliquer spiegare
whistle v /"wIsl/
erklären
The teacher explained the meaning of the word.
gold medal n /"g@Uld "medl/
● médaille d’or medaglia d’oro Goldmedaille
Ryan is an excellent swimmer and hopes to win an Olympic
gold medal someday.
grass n /grA:s/
● herbe, pelouse erba Gras
We had a picnic on the grass in the park.
guitar n /gI"tQ:/
● guitare chitarra Gitarre
I play the guitar in a rock group.
leather n /"leD@/
● cuir pelle, cuoio Leder
Annie’s new shoes are made of red leather.
marathon n /"m&r@T@n/
● marathon maratona Marathonlauf
In a marathon you run 42 km.
migrate v /maI"greIt/
● migrer migrare wegziehen, wegfliegen
Every winter, the birds migrate south to warmer countries.
pin v /pIn/
● fixer avec une punaise, épingler puntare con degli spilli,
attaccare con una puntina heften, mit einer Nadel befestigen
The runner pinned his number to his T-shirt.
platform n /"pl&tfO:m/
● quai binario, banchina Bahnsteig
We waited for the train on platform 6.
please v /pli:z/
● plaire, faire plaisir far piacere gefallen
I studied medicine to please my mother, who’s a doctor.
quietly adv /"kwaI@tli/
● silencieusement, doucement silenziosamente leise
Close the door quietly so you don’t wake up the baby.
return ticket n /rI"t3:n "tIkIt/
● aller retour biglietto di andata e ritorno Rückfahrkarte
I need a return ticket to Manchester, coming back on Friday.
ridiculous adj /rI"dIkj@l@s/
● ridicule ridicolo, assurdo lächerlich
He looks ridiculous in those horrible pink trousers.
rude adj /ru:d/
● impoli, mal élevé maleducato unhöflich, unverschämt
He’s so rude. He never says please or thank you.
sheep n /Si:p/
● mouton pecora Schaf
There are lots of cows and sheep on the farm.
shout v /SaUt/
● crier gridare schreien
Meg, please don’t shout! I can hear you!
slowly adv /"sl@Uli/
● lentement lentamente langsam
The old woman walked slowly down the street.
station n /"steISn/
● gare stazione ferroviaria Bahnhof
The train arrives at the station at 3.00 p.m.
support (a team) v /s@"pO:t/
● être supporter de tifare per unterstützen, sich einsetzen für
Which football team do you support?
tell a lie v /%tel @ "laI/
● raconter un mensonge dire una bugia eine Lüge erzählen
He told a lie and said he was working late, when really he was with another
woman.
timetable n /"taImteIbl/
● horaire orario Fahrplan
The timetable says our train leaves in 17 minutes.
well-behaved adj /%wel bI"heIvd/
● bien dressé, élevé che si comporta bene, bravo wohlerzogen
Your children are so well-behaved. They’re wonderful.
● siffler fischiettare
pfeifen
The postman whistled as he delivered the letters.
wolf n /wUlf/
● loup lupo Wolf
Wolves are dangerous animals like big dogs.
worrying adj /"wVriIN/
● inquiétant preoccupante beunruhigend, Besorgnis erregend
The news was so worrying that we couldn’t sleep.
Unit 14
abroad adv /@"brO:d/
● à l’étranger all’estero im Ausland
I worked abroad for a year in Spain.
airport n /"e@pO:t/
● aéroport aeroporto Flughafen
What time do you need to be at the airport to catch your plane?
ambulance driver n /"&mbj@l@ns %draIv@/
● ambulancier autista d’ambulanza Krankenwagenfahrer(in)
The ambulance driver took him to hospital as quickly as he could.
announcement n /@"naUnsm@nt/
● annonce annuncio Ankündigung
We heard the announcement saying that our plane was late.
arrival hall n /@"raIvl %hO:l/
● salon des arrivées sala arrivi Ankunftshalle
The girl’s parents met her in the arrival hall.
board v /bO:d/
● embarquer imbarcarsi einsteigen
We boarded the plane and sat down.
boarding pass n /"bO:dIN %pA:s/
● carte d’embarquement carta d’imbarco Bordkarte
I had to show my boarding pass when I got on the plane.
boat ride n /"b@Ut %raId/
● promenade en bateau giro in barca Bootsfahrt
My cousin took me for a boat ride across the lake.
business class n /"bIzn@s %klA:s/
● classe affaires business class Businessclass
You pay more to fly in business class.
call n /kO:l/
● appel avviso, chiamata Aufruf
They made the final call for two late passengers before the plane left.
certificate n /s@"tIfIk@t/
● certificat certificato Zeugnis, Nachweis
Did you receive a certificate when you passed your exam?
check in v /%tSek "In/
● se présenter à l’enregistrement fare il check-in einchecken
We need to check in early to get a good seat on the plane.
check-in desk n /"tSek In %desk/
● enregistrement accettazione bagagli, check-in
Abfertigungsschalter
There was a long queue at the check-in desk.
competition n /kQmp@"tISn/
● concours, compétition gara, concorso Wettbewerb
I entered the swimming competition but I finished last!
crown n /kraUn/
● couronne corona Krone
The Queen wears a gold crown on her head on very special occasions.
dawn n /dO:n/
● aube alba (Morgen)dämmerung
I often get up at dawn, at about 5.00 a.m.
delay v /dI"leI/
● retarder far ritardare aufschieben, verzögern
I’m afraid your flight is delayed by two hours, sir.
departures board n /dI"pA:tS@z %bO:d/
● panneau des départs tabellone delle partenze Abflugtafel
‘Do you know if our flight is on time?’
‘No. We’ll have to check the departures board.’
Elementary wordlist
22
departure lounge n /dI"pA:tS@ %laUndZ/
● salle d’embarquement sala partenze
niece n /ni:s/
Abflughalle
We waited in the departure lounge for two hours before they announced
we could board the plane.
double-decker bus n /%dVbl %dek@ "bVs/
● autobus à impériale autobus a due piani Doppeldeckerbus
London is famous for its red double-decker buses.
dressmaker n /"dresmeIk@/
● couturier, couturière sarto, sarta Schneider(in)
My mother is a dressmaker. She makes clothes for all the rich women in
our town.
engineer n /%endZI"nI@/
● ingénieur ingegnere, tecnico Ingenieur
I’m studying to be an engineer. I want to design bridges in the future.
flag n /fl&g/
● drapeau bandiera Fahne, Flagge
The British flag is red, white and blue.
flight n /flaIt/
● vol volo Flug
We found a cheap flight with British Airways.
gate (in an airport) n /geIt/
● porte uscita, gate Flugsteig
Please go to gate 7 for boarding.
give up (= stop) v /%gIv "Vp/
● arrêter de smettere (di) aufhören, aufgeben
I want to give up smoking.
grandson n /"gr&nd%sVn/
● petit-fils nipote (m) (di nonni) Enkel
My grandson Tom is my son Jeff ’s son.
heart attack n /"hA:t @%t&k/
● crise cardiaque, infarctus infarto Herzinfarkt
He died of a heart attack when he was 52.
honeymoon n /"hVnimu:n/
● lune de miel luna di miele Flitterwochen
We’re going to Thailand on honeymoon after the wedding.
horn (on a car) n /hO:n/
● klaxon clacson Hupe
The man blew the horn to make the children get off the road.
jewels n pl /"dZu:@lz/
● joyaux, bijoux gioielli Juwelen
Cartier sell jewels to the rich and famous.
jump v /dZVmp/
● sauter saltare springen
How high can you jump?
last call n /%lA:st "kO:l/
● dernier appel ultimo avviso letzter Aufruf
This is the last call for all passengers for flight 569 to Geneva.
let (sb) down v /%let "daUn/
● décevoir deludere im Stich lassen
He said he’d meet me there but he let me down and didn’t come.
lottery n /"lQt@ri/
● loterie lotteria Lotterie, Glücksspiel
He won £2 million on the lottery.
loud adj /laUd/
● fort forte, ad alto volume laut
What was that loud noise?
luggage n /"lVgIdZ/
● bagages bagagli Gepäck
How much luggage do you have, madam?
lung cancer n /"lVN %k&ns@/
● cancer du poumon cancro del polmone Lungenkrebs
Smoking can give you lung cancer.
marmalade n /"mA:m@leId/
● confiture d’oranges marmellata d’arance Orangenmarmelade
Would you like some marmalade or jam on your toast?
millionaire n /%mIlj@"ne@/
● millionnaire miliardario, miliardaria Millionär(in)
Bill Gates is a millionaire.
miss v /mIs/
● manquer perdere verpassen
I missed the TV programme because I had to work late.
● nièce nipote (f) (di zii)
Nichte
My cousin is my mum’s niece.
now boarding /%naU "bO:dIN/
● embarquement immédiat imbarco immediato fertig zum
Einsteigen
American Airlines Flight 323 to Cleveland is now boarding at Gate 5.
pack (a bag) v /p&k/
● faire (sa valise) fare (la valigia) packen
I need to pack my bag before my trip tomorrow.
passport control n /"pA:spO:t k@n"tr@Ul/
● contrôle des passeports controllo passaporti Passkontrolle
After we checked in, we went through passport control and then to
the gate.
pipe (to smoke) n /paIp/
● pipe pipa Pfeife
Sherlock Holmes smoked a pipe.
pneumonia n /nju:"m@UnI@/
● pneumonie polmonite Lungenentzündung
She had pneumonia after she was out on the mountain all night.
remind v /rI"maInd/
● rappeler à ricordare a erinnern an
Please remind me to take my passport. I’m worried I might forget it.
rheumatic fever n /ru:"m&tIk "fi:v@/
● rhumatisme articulaire aigu febbre reumatica
rheumatisches Fieber
The doctor says I’ve got rheumatic fever.
seat n /si:t/
● siège, place posto Platz
I’d like a window seat.
secretary n /"sekr@trI/
● secrétaire segretario, segretaria Sekretär(in)
Leave a message with my secretary if I’m out.
serious adj /"sI@ri@s/
● sérieux, grave grave ernst, schwer
James had a serious car crash last year, and now he can’t walk.
suitcase n /"su:tkeIs/
● valise valigia Koffer
I needed a bigger suitcase to pack all of my clothes.
tractor n /"tr&kt@/
● tracteur trattore Traktor, Trecker
The farmer drove the tractor down the field.
trolley n /"trQli/
● chariot carrello (Gepäck)wagen
We put our suitcases on a trolley because they were heavy.
Elementary wordlist
23
Grammar Reference
● an s’emploie devant les voyelles a, e, i, o, u.
Si usa an davanti alle vocali a, e, i, o, u.
Unit 1
1.1 Verb to be
● Le verbe être
Il verbo be
Das Verb to be
It’s an
Positive
I
He
She
It
We
You
They
am
I’m = I am
is
He’s = He is
She’s = She is
It’s = It is
from the USA.
are
We’re = We are
You’re = You are
They’re = They are
Vor einem Vokal, z.B. a, e, i, o, u, sagt man an.
apple.
envelope.
English dictionary.
! ● On emploie toujours a/an devant un nom de métier.
Quando si parla della mestiere di qualcuno, si usa sempre a/an.
Vor Berufsbezeichnungen verwendet man den unbestimmten
Artikel.
I’m a doctor. NOT I’m doctor.
I’m a student. NOT I’m student.
1.5 Plural nouns
Question
● Le pluriel des noms
Der Plural der Nomen
Il plurale dei sostantivi
am
I
is
he
she
it
● La plupart des noms prennent un -s au pluriel.
La maggior parte dei sostantivi aggiunge -s alla forma del singolare.
Where
1
from?
we
you
they
are
Bei den meisten Nomen wird der Plural mit -s gebildet.
stamps
keys
cameras
2
I’m 20.
● J’ai vingt ans.
Ho vent’anni.
I’m 20.
I’m 20 years old.
NOT
NOT
Ich bin 20 Jahre alt.
I’m 20 years.
I have 20 years.
● Si le nom se termine en -s, -ss, -sh, ou -ch, il prend -es au pluriel.
Se il sostantivo termina in -s, -ss, -sh, o -ch, si aggiunge -es.
1.2 Possessive adjectives
● Les adjectifs possessifs
Aggettivi possessivi
Adjektivisch gebrauchte Possessivpronomen
What’s
This is
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
3
● Si le nom se termine par une consonne + -y, -y devient -ies.
Se il sostantivo termina in -y preceduta da consonante, si cambia
name?
What’s = What is
house.
1.3 Question words
● Les pronoms et adjectifs interrogatifs
Wenn das Nomen auf -s, -ss, -sh oder -ch endet, bildet man den
Plural mit -es.
bus
buses
class
classes
wish
wishes
match
matches
Fragewörter
Gli interrogativi
What is your phone number?
Where are you from?
How are you?
-y in -ies.
Wenn das Nomen auf einen Konsonanten + -y endet, wird das -y im
Plural zu -ies.
country
countries
party
parties
Mais si le nom se termine par une voyelle + -y, le -y reste.
Ma se il sostantivo termina in -y preceduta da vocale, la -y non
cambia.
Aber wenn das Nomen auf einen Vokal + -y endet, bleibt das -y
unverändert.
key
keys
day
days
4
● Certains noms ont un pluriel irrégulier. En cas de doute, vérifier dans
le dictionnaire.
Alcuni sostantivi hanno un plurale irregolare. In caso di dubbio, è
1.4 a/an
● L’article indéfini a/an
Gli articoli indeterminativi a/an
Die Verwendung von a/an
It’s a
ticket.
newspaper.
magazine.
meglio controllare sul dizionario.
Manche Nomen sind unregelmässig. Wenn man sich nicht sicher ist,
kann man die Pluralform in einem Wörterbuch nachschlagen.
child
children
person
people
woman
women
man
men
Elementary Grammar Reference
24
1.6 Numbers 1–20
2.3 Numbers 21–100
● Les nombres de 1 à 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
I numeri 1–20
Die Zahlen 1–20
● Les prépositions from et in
Le preposizioni from e in
Die Präpositionen from und in
Il verbo be
Questions with question words
is her surname?
is his job?
is her address?
Das Verb to be
Answers
Anderson.
He’s a policeman.
34, Church Street.
is she
are you
are they
Who
is Lara?
is she?
How old
is he?
are you?
Twenty-two.
How much
is an ice-cream?
One pound 50p.
from?
Yes/No questions
3.1 Present Simple he, she, it
● Le présent simple: he, she, it
● Le présent simple s’emploie pour exprimer une vérité permanente ou
quasi-permanente.
She’s Patrick’s daughter.
Il Present Simple si usa per parlare di fatti che sono sempre veri, o di
Short answers
he
she
it
hot?
Yes, he is.
No, she isn’t.
Yes, it is.
Are
you
they
married?
No, I’m not./No, we aren’t.
Yes, they are./No, they aren’t.
2
We
You
They
aren’t
We aren’t = We are not
You aren’t = You are not
They aren’t = They are not
2.2 Possessive ’s
● Le ’s marquant la possession
Der s-Genitiv
Das Present Simple drückt auch eine Gewohnheit aus.
She goes skiing in winter.
He never has a holiday.
Positive
He
She
It
I’m = I am not NOT I amn’t
He isn’t = He is not
She isn’t = She is not
from the States. It isn’t = It is not
lunghissima durata.
Das Present Simple beschreibt eine Tatsache, die immer zutrifft oder
ein Dauerzustand ist.
He comes from Switzerland.
She works in a bank.
● Le présent simple s’emploie aussi pour les actions habituelles.
Il Present Simple esprime anche azioni abituali.
Negative
isn’t
Il Present Simple: he, she, it
Das Present Simple mit he, she, it
1
Mexico.
Is
He
She
It
Le preposizioni of, for, at e in
Die Präpositionen of, for, at und in
Unit 3
Where
not
thirty
thirty-one
forty
fifty
sixty
seventy
eighty
ninety
one hundred
This is a photo of my family.
It’s good practice for you.
I’m at home. My mother and father are at work.
I’m at La Guardia Community College.
I’m in New York. I’m in a class with eight other students.
I live in an apartment with two American girls.
Central Park is lovely in the snow.
2.1 Verb to be
I’m
30
31
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
● Les prépositions of, for, at et in
Unit 2
What
twenty-one
twenty-two
twenty-three
twenty-four
twenty-five
twenty-six
twenty-seven
twenty-eight
twenty-nine
I numeri 21–100
2.4 Prepositions
Where are you from?
I live in a house in Toluca.
What’s this in English?
● Le verbe être
Die Zahlen 21–100
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
1.7 Prepositions
● Les nombres de 21 à 100
eleven
twelve
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
nineteen
twenty
lives
in Australia.
● Have est un verbe irrégulier.
Have è un verbo irregolare.
Have ist ein unregelmässiges Verb.
She has a dog. NOT she haves
Negative
He
She
It
doesn’t live
in France.
doesn’t = does not
La ’s del caso possessivo
My wife’s name is Judy.
That’s Andrea’s dictionary.
25
Question
Where does
he
she
it
live?
Yes/No questions
Does
he
she
it
Short answers
in Australia?
live
in France?
Yes, he does.
No, she doesn’t.
Yes, it does.
3.2 Spelling of the third person singular
● La troisième personne du singulier du présent simple
Regole ortografiche per la terza persona singolare
Die Schreibung der dritten Person Singular
1
● La plupart des verbes prennent un -s à la troisième personne du
singulier.
La maggior parte dei verbi aggiunge -s alla forma base.
Bei den meisten Verben wird die dritte Person Singular mit -s
gebildet.
wear wears
speak speaks
live
lives
Mais
les
verbes go et do sont différents. Ils prennent -es.
●
Ma i verbi go e do aggiungono -es.
Aber bei go und do wird die dritte Person Singular mit -es gebildet.
go
goes
do
does
She lives in Switzerland.
She goes skiing in her free time.
In the evening we have supper.
A nurse looks after people in hospital.
She likes going for walks in summer.
Get on the bus.
He lives on an island in the west of Scotland.
He collects the post from the boat.
He delivers the beer to the pub.
He drives the children to school.
At ten we go to bed.
He likes listening to music.
He speaks to people on his radio.
She’s married to an American.
There’s a letter for you.
He makes breakfast for the guests.
He writes for a newspaper.
He works as an undertaker.
Tourists come by boat.
It’s about 6.30.
2
● Si le verbe se termine en -s, -sh, ou -ch, il prend -es.
Se il verbo termina in -s, -sh, o -ch, si aggiunge -es.
Wenn das Verb auf -s, -sh oder -ch endet, wird die dritte Person
Singular mit -es gebildet.
finish finishes
watch watches
3
● Si le verbe se termine par une consonne + -y, le -y devient -ies.
Se il verbo termina in -y preceduta da consonante, si cambia -y
in -ies.
Wenn das Verb auf einen Konsonanten + -y endet, wird das -y zu -ies.
fly
flies
study studies
● Mais si le verbe se termine par une voyelle + -y, le -y reste, il prend
juste -s.
Ma se il verbo termina in -y preceduta da vocale, la -y non cambia. Si
aggiunge soltanto -s.
Aber wenn das Verb auf einen Vokal + -y endet, bleibt das -y
unverändert und -s wird einfach angehängt.
play plays
Unit 4
4.1 Present Simple
● Le présent simple
I
You
We
They
start
He
She
It
starts
Negative
I
You
We
They
don’t
He
She
It
doesn’t
at 6.30.
I
you
we
they
do
When
start?
he
she
it
Yes/No questions
● Les prépositions in, on, from, to, for, as, by et about
Le preposizioni in, on, from, to, for, as, by e about
start
Question
● Have est un verbe irrégulier.
Have è un verbo irregolare.
3.3 Prepositions
Die Präpositionen in, on, from, to, for, as, by und about
Das Present Simple
at 6.30.
does
Have ist ein unregelmässiges Verb.
have has
Positive
4
Il Present Simple
Short answers
Do
you
they
have
a camera?
No, I don’t./No, we don’t.
Yes, they do.
Does
he
she
it
like
Chinese food?
Yes, he does.
No, she doesn’t.
Yes, it does.
26
4.2 Adverbs of frequency
● Adverbes de temps
Häufigkeitsadverbien
0%
never
Unit 5
Avverbi di frequenza
5.1 There is/are
50%
sometimes
often
100%
usually
always
● Il y a
There is = C’è, There are = Ci sono
Die Verwendung von There is/are = Es gibt
Positive
1
● En général, les adverbes de temps précèdent le verbe.
Gli avverbi di frequenza di solito precedono il verbo.
There
Diese Adverbien stehen normalerweise vor dem Hauptverb.
I usually go to bed at about 11.00.
I don’t often go swimming.
She never eats meat.
We always have wine in the evenings.
I sometimes play tennis on Saturdays.
There
la phrase sans en changer le sens.
Sometimes e usually possono anche trovarsi all’inizio o alla fine della
frase. Il significato non cambia.
Sometimes und usually können auch am Anfang oder am Ende des
Satzes stehen. Die Bedeutung ändert sich nicht.
Sometimes we play cards. OR We play cards sometimes.
Usually I walk to school.
OR I walk to school usually.
3
la phrase.
Never e always non possono mai trovarsi all’inizio o alla fine della
two books.
(plural)
isn’t
an armchair.
(singular)
aren’t
any flowers.
(plural)
frase.
Never und always können nicht am Anfang oder am Ende des Satzes
stehen.
I never go to the theatre.
NOT Never I go to the theatre.
I always have tea in the morning.
NOT Always I have tea in the morning.
● like/love + forme en -ing
like/love + Verb + -ing
● Combien ...?
She gets up early on weekdays.
He plays football on Friday mornings.
They never go out on Friday evenings.
Where do you go on holiday?
He lives on the next block.
He hates watching football on television.
Do you relax at weekends?
She gets up at six o’clock.
She gets up early in the morning.
We go out in the evening.
He takes photos in (the) spring.
= Quanti? Quante?
Wie viele …?
Die Verwendung von some und any
Positive
There are some flowers.
● some + nom au pluriel
some + sostantivo plurale
Negative
There aren’t any cups.
some + Nomen im Plural
● any + nom au pluriel
any + sostantivo plurale
Question
Are there any books?
any + Nomen im Plural
● any + nom au pluriel
any + sostantivo plurale
any + Nomen im Plural
5.4 this, that, these, those
● Les adjectifs démonstratifs this, that, these, those
I dimostrativi this, that, these, those
Die Präpositionen on, at und in
Yes, there are.
No, there aren’t.
● Les adjectifs indéterminés some et any
Gli aggettivi indeterminati some e any
souvent la forme en -ing.
Le preposizioni on, at e in
any photos?
5.3 some/any
Quando like e love sono seguiti da un verbo, di solito si usa la forma
● Les prépositions on, at et in
Yes, there is.
No, there isn’t.
How many books do you have?
● Quand like et love sont suivis d’un verbe, celui-ci prend le plus
4.4 Prepositions
a table?
5.2 How many . . . ?
like/love + forma in -ing
in -ing.
Wenn auf like und love ein Verb folgt, steht es normalerweise in der
-ing Form.
I like cooking.
She loves listening to music.
They like sailing very much.
Short answers
there
Are
4.3 like/love + verb + -ing
are
Is
● Never et always ne peuvent jamais se trouver ni au début ni à la fin de
(singular)
Yes/No questions
2
a sofa.
Negative
● Sometimes et usually peuvent se trouver soit au début soit à la fin de
is
Die Verwendung von this, that, these, those
● On emploie this = ce/cette/cet et these = ces pour désigner des
personnes ou des choses qui se trouvent à proximité.
Si usano this = questo/a e these = questi/e per riferirsi a persone o
cose vicine.
Man verwendet this und these, wenn man von Menschen oder
Dingen ganz in der Nähe spricht.
I like this ice-cream.
● Cette glace dans ma main.
Questo gelato che ho in mano.
Das Eis, das ich in der Hand halte.
I want these shoes.
● Ces chaussures que je regarde.
Queste scarpe che guardo.
Die Schuhe, die ich sehe.
● On emploie that = ce/cette/cet ...-là et those = ces ...-là pour désigner
des personnes ou des choses qui se trouvent plus éloignées.
27
Si usano that = quel, quello, quella e those = quei, quegli, quelle per
Negative
riferirsi a persone o cose che non sono vicine.
Man verwendet that und those, wenn man von Menschen oder
Dingen spricht, die weiter weg sind.
Do you like that picture on the wall?
Who are those children outside?
I
He/She/It
We
You
They
5.5 Prepositions
It’s the best home in the world.
The front door is at the top of the steps.
There are magazines under the table.
There is a photo on the television.
There are two pictures on the wall.
The cinema is on the left, opposite the flower shop.
The bank is next to the supermarket.
The bus stop is near the park.
There is a post box in front of the chemist’s.
What
Can
Could
do?
Short answers
you
she
they
drive?
cook?
No, I can’t./No, we couldn’t.
Yes, she can/could.
Yes, they can/could.
NOT Do you can drive?
6.2 was/were
Il verbo was/were
Die Verwendung von was und were
● Was et were sont les formes du passé de am/is/are.
Was e were sono le forme del passato di am/is/are.
Il verbo modale can/can’t
Die Verwendung von can und can’t
● Can et can’t ont la même forme à toutes les personnes.
Can n’a pas de forme avec do ou does.
Can est suivi de l’infinitif sans to.
Can e can’t hanno la stessa forma per tutte le persone.
Non usano mai do o does.
Sono seguiti dalla forma base del verbo = infinito senza to.
Can und can’t haben in allen Personen die gleiche Form.
Do oder does wird nicht verwendet.
Nach can steht der Infinitiv ohne to.
I can swim.
She can’t drive.
Can you speak Japanese?
could/couldn’t
● ne pas savoir, ne pas pouvoir
Il verbo modale could/couldn’t
Was und were sind die Vergangenheitsformen von am/is/are.
Positive
I
He/She/It
was
We
You
They
were
I
He/She/It
wasn’t
We
You
They
weren’t
at school yesterday.
at the party last night.
Question
● Could est le passé de can.
was
I?
he/she/it?
were
we?
you?
they?
Where
Could et couldn’t ont la même forme à toutes les personnes.
Could est suivi de l’infinitif sans to.
Could è il passato di can. Could e couldn’t hanno la stessa forma per
tutte le persone.
Sono seguiti dalla forma base del verbo = infinito senza to.
Could ist die Vergangenheit von can. Could und couldn’t haben in
allen Personen die gleiche Form.
Nach could steht der Infinitiv ohne to.
Positive
can
could
in Paris yesterday.
in England last year.
Negative
Die Verwendung von could und couldn’t
I
He/She/It
We
You
They
can
could
I
you
he/she/it
we
they
Yes/No questions
6.1 can/can’t
NOT He doesn’t can dance.
● Le verbe was/were
Unit 6
dance.
Question
● Les prépositions in, at, under, on, opposite, next to, near et in
front of
Le preposizioni in, at, under, on, opposite, next to, near e in front of
Die Präpositionen in, at, under, on, opposite, next to, near und in
front of
● savoir, pouvoir
can’t
couldn’t
swim.
Yes/No questions
Short answers
Was
he
she
at work?
No, he wasn’t.
Yes, she was.
Were
you
they
at home?
Yes, I was./Yes, we were.
No, they weren’t.
NOT We do can swim.
28
was born
7.2 Past Simple
● = je suis né/e, il/elle est né/e
bin/bist/ist geboren
was
she
he
were
you
they
Where
= sono/sei/è nato/a
● Le prétérit Il Past Simple Das Past Simple
● Le prétérit sert à exprimer une action passée et accomplie.
Si usa il Past Simple per parlare di un’azione conclusa nel passato.
Das Past Simple drückt eine Handlung in der Vergangenheit aus, die
beendet ist.
I lived in Rome when I was 6. ● Je n’habite plus à Rome maintenant.
Non abito a Roma adesso.
Ich wohne jetzt nicht in Rom.
She started work when she was 8.
● Le prétérit a la même forme à toutes les personnes.
Il Past Simple ha la stessa forma per tutte le persone.
Die Form des Past Simple ist in allen Personen gleich.
Positive
born?
! ● Pour dire où ou quand on est né, on emploie toujours was born.
Quando si parla di quando si è nato, si usa sempre was born.
Man sagt immer was born, um zu sagen, wann oder wo man
geboren ist.
I was born in Manchester in 1980. NOT I am born in 1980.
I
He/She/It
We
You
They
6.3 Prepositions
● Les prépositions in, at, to, for et until
Le preposizioni in, at, to, for e until
Die Präpositionen in, at, to, for und until
They were in England in 1998.
I was at a party.
Yesterday there was a party at my house.
Can I speak to you?
She sells pictures for $10,000.
She paints for two hours until bedtime.
I
He/She/It
We
You
They
7.1 Past Simple – spelling of regular verbs
● Le prétérit des verbes réguliers
Il Past Simple – regole ortografiche per i verbi regolari
Das Past Simple – die Schreibung bei regelmässigen Verben
I
you
he/she/it
we
they
did
Where
2
Did
3
● Pour les verbes monosyllabiques finissant par une consonne précédée
d’une voyelle, on redouble cette dernière consonne et on ajoute -ed.
consonante, si raddoppia la consonante.
Wenn das Verb nur aus einer Silbe besteht und auf einen Vokal und
einen Konsonanten endet, wird der Konsonant verdoppelt.
stopped
planned
4
● Si le verbe se termine par une consonne + -y, -y devient -ied.
Se il verbo termina in -y preceduta da consonante, si cambia
-y in -ied.
Wenn das Verb auf einen Konsonanten + -y endet, wird -y zu -ied.
studied
carried
go?
Yes/No questions
Wenn das Verb auf -e endet, wird nur -d angehängt.
lived loved
Se il verbo è monosillabo e termina con una vocale + una
to London.
Man verwendet did + Infinitiv ohne to in allen Personen.
When
Bei den meisten Verben wird -ed angehängt.
worked
started
● Si le verbe se termine en -e, il prend seulement -d.
Se il verbo termina in -e, si aggiunge solo -d.
move
go
Question
1
didn’t
● On emploie did + infinitif sans to à toutes les personnes.
Si usa did + forma base del verbo per tutte le persone.
● Pour la plupart des verbes, on ajoute -ed à la forme infinitive.
La maggior parte dei verbi aggiunge -ed alla forma base.
to London in 1985.
Negative
● On emploie didn’t + infinitif sans to à toutes les personnes.
Si usa didn’t + forma base del verbo per tutte le persone.
Man verwendet didn’t + Infinitiv ohne to in allen Personen.
Unit 7
moved
went
you
she
they
etc.
Short answers
like
enjoy
the film?
the party?
No, I didn’t./No, we didn’t.
Yes, she did.
No, they didn’t.
● La listes des verbes irréguliers se trouve à la page 38.
La lista dei verbi irregolari è a pag.38.
Eine Liste mit unregelmässigen Verben steht auf S.38.
7.3 Time expressions
● Expressions de temps
last
night
Saturday
week
month
year
yesterday
morning
afternoon
evening
Espressioni di tempo
Zeitangaben
29
7.4 Prepositions
Unit 9
● Les prépositions about, in, of et from
Le preposizioni about, in, of e from
9.1 Count and uncount nouns
Die Präpositionen about, in, of und from
● Noms dénombrables et non dénombrables
Sostantivi numerabili e non numerabili
She thinks about her past life.
She died in a car crash.
He was tired of politics.
People were afraid of her.
Politics was the love of her life.
Who is the card from?
She worked from 6.00 until 10.00.
● Les noms dénombrables désignent des choses que l’on peut compter.
I sostantivi numerabili indicano cose che si possono contare.
●
Unit 8
8.1 Past Simple
● Le prétérit
Il Past Simple
Das Past Simple
Negative
● La forme négative du prétérit est la même à toutes les personnes.
La forma negativa del Past Simple è uguale per tutte le persone.
Die verneinte Form des Past Simple ist in allen Personen gleich.
I
He/She
We
You
They
●
go out
see Tom
watch TV
didn’t
last night.
ago
● = il y a
= fa
vor
I went to the USA
Zählbare und nicht zählbare Nomen
ten years
two weeks
a month
Manche Nomen sind zählbar. Man kann sie zählen.
a book
two books
an egg
six eggs
Les noms non dénombrables désignent des choses que l’on ne peut
pas compter.
I sostantivi non numerabili indicano cose che non si possono
contare.
Manche Nomen sind nicht zählbar. Man kann sie nicht zählen.
bread
rice
Certains noms peuvent être à la fois dénombrables et non
dénombrables selon le contexte.
Alcuni sostantivi possono essere sia numerabili che non numerabili,
secondo il contesto.
Manche Nomen sind beides, je nach dem Zusammenhang.
Do you like ice-cream? ● la glace en général
il gelato in genere
Eis allgemein
We’d like three ice-creams, please.
● trois glaces
tre gelati
drei einzelne Eistüten
9.2 would like
● Le verbe would like
ago.
Il verbo would like
Die Verwendung von would like
● Would a la même forme à toutes les personnes. On emploie would
like pour proposer ou demander quelque chose.
Would è uguale per tutte le persone. Si usa would like per offrire
8.2 Time expressions
● Expressions de temps
in
Espressioni di tempo
Zeitangaben
the twentieth century
1924
the 1990s
winter/summer
the evening/the morning
September
on
10 October
Christmas Day
Saturday
Sunday evening
at
seven o’clock
weekends
night
8.3 Prepositions
● Les prépositions on, at et of
Le preposizioni on, at e of
Die Präpositionen on, at und of
What’s on television this evening?
I’m on a mobile phone.
We spoke for an hour on the phone.
Some people try to find love on the Internet.
We didn’t laugh at his joke.
There was a knock at the door.
Today’s the third of April.
o chiedere qualcosa in modo cortese.
Would ist in allen Personen gleich. Man verwendet would like für
Angebote und Bitten.
Positive
I
You
He/She/It
We
They
’d like
a drink.
’d = would
Yes/No questions
Would
you
he/she/it
they
Short answers
like a biscuit?
Yes, please.
No, thank you.
9.3 some and any
● some et any
Gli aggettivi indeterminati some e any
Die Verwendung von some und any
● On emploie some, dans une phrase affirmative, avec les noms non
dénombrables et les noms au pluriel.
Si usa some nelle frasi affermative con sostantivi non numerabili e
con sostantivi plurali.
Man verwendet some in Aussagesätzen mit nicht zählbaren Nomen
und Nomen im Plural.
There is
some
There are
bread
on the table.
oranges
30
● On emploie some dans les questions, pour demander ou proposer
quelque chose.
Si usa some nelle domande quando si fa una richiesta o un’offerta.
Man verwendet some in Fragesätzen, wenn man um etwas bittet oder
etwas anbietet.
Can I have some coffee, please?
● (Je sais qu’il y a du café.)
(Lo so che c’è del caffè.)
(Ich weiss, dass Kaffee da ist.)
Would you like some biscuits?
● (Je sais qu’il y a des biscuits.)
(Lo so che ci sono dei biscotti.)
(Ich weiss, dass Kekse da sind.)
On
emploie
any
dans
les
questions
et les phrases négatives, avec les
●
noms non dénombrables et les noms au pluriel.
Si usa any nelle domande e nelle frasi negative con sostantivi non
numerabili e con sostantivi plurali.
Man verwendet any in Fragesätzen und verneinten Sätzen mit nicht
zählbaren Nomen und Nomen im Plural.
Is there any water?
● (Je ne sais pas s’il y a de l’eau.)
(Non so se c’è dell’acqua.)
(Ich weiss nicht, ob es Wasser gibt.)
Does she have any children?
● (Je ne sais pas si elle a des enfants.)
(Non so se ha bambini.)
(Ich weiss nicht, ob sie Kinder hat.)
I can’t see any rice.
There aren’t any people.
9.4 How much . . . ? and How many . . . ?
● Combien ...?
I pronomi interrogativi How much…? e How many…?
Die Verwendung von How much…? und How many…?
● On emploie How much … ? avec les noms non dénombrables.
Si usa How much = Quanto/a con sostantivi non numerabili.
Man verwendet How much … ? mit unzählbaren Nomen.
How much rice is there? There isn’t much rice.
● On emploie How many … ? avec les noms dénombrables.
Si usa How many = Quanti/e con sostantivi numerabili.
Man verwendet How many … ? mit zählbaren Nomen.
How many apples are there? There aren’t many apples.
9.5 Prepositions
● Les prépositions by et with
Le preposizioni by e with
Die Präpositionen by und with
I’ve got a book by John Grisham.
Help me with my homework.
10.1 Comparative and superlative adjectives
● Les adjectifs comparatifs et superlatifs
Il comparativo e il superlativo degli aggettivi
●
●
● Adjectifs de deux syllabes
boring
ou plus
beautiful
Aggettivi di due o più
sillabe
Zwei- oder mehrsilbige Adjektive
● Adjectifs irréguliers
Aggettivi irregolari
Unregelmässige Adjektive
Adjective Comparative Superlative
Adjectifs monoold
older
the oldest
syllabiques
safe
safer
the safest
Aggettivi monosillabi
big
bigger
the biggest
Einsilbige Adjektive
hot
hotter
the hottest
Les adjectifs qui se terminent par une voyelle suivie d’une consonne
redoublent cette dernière consonne à la forme comparative et
superlative.
Se l’aggettivo termina con una vocale + una consonante, si raddoppia
la consonante.
Bei Adjektiven, die auf einen Vokal und einen Konsonanten enden,
wird im Komparativ und Superlativ der Konsonant verdoppelt.
more boring
good
bad
far
more
beautiful
the most
boring
the most
beautiful
better
worse
further
the best
the worst
the furthest
You’re older than me.
New York is dirtier than Paris.
Prague is one of the most beautiful cities in Europe.
10.2 have got and have
● have got et have
have got e have
Die Verwendung von have got und have
● Lorsqu’il exprime la possession, have got a le même sens que have.
have got est utilisé plus souvent dans l’anglais parlé que dans l’anglais
écrit.
Quando si parla di possesso, have got e have hanno lo stesso
significato, ma le loro costruzioni sono diverse. Have got si usa spesso
nella lingua parlata e non tanto nella lingua scritta.
Um auszudrücken, dass jemand etwas besitzt, kann man have got
oder have sagen. Have got wird oft im gesprochenen Englisch
verwendet, seltener im geschriebenen Englisch.
! ● Les formes sont complètement différentes.
Le forme sono completamente diverse.
Die Formen sind ganz unterschiedlich.
have got
have
Positive
Positive
I
You
We
They
have
a cat.
got
He
She
It
I
You
We
They
He
She
It
Die Steigerung der Adjektive
Comparative Superlative
noisier
the noisiest
dirtier
the dirtiest
Adjektive, die auf -y
enden
a garden.
has
Negative
Unit 10
● Adjectifs en -y
Aggettivi terminanti in -y
Adjective
noisy
dirty
have
a cat.
He
She
It
a garden.
has
Negative
haven’t
a dog.
got
hasn’t
I
Have you
we
they got
he
she
it
I
You
We
They
a garage. He
She
It
Questions
Has
I
You
We
They
don’t
a dog.
have
a garage.
doesn’t
Questions
Do
any money?
a sister?
I
you
we
any money?
they have
he
Does she
it
a sister?
How many children have they got? How many children do they have?
31
Positive and Negative
Short answers
Short answers
Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.
Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
Yes, she has./No, she hasn’t.
Yes, she does./No, she doesn’t.
● have et have got deviennent had au passé.
Il passato di have e di have got è sempre had.
Die Vergangenheitsform von have und von have got ist had.
I had a dog but it died. NOT I had got a dog but it died.
10.3 Prepositions
● Les prépositions than, from, in, of, along, over, past, up, down,
He
She
It
is
We
You
They
are
(not) going
am
I
is
he/she/it
are
we
you
they
Where
Yes/No questions
Are you having a good time?
Is my English getting better?
Are they having a party?
outside.
going?
Short answers
Yes, we are.
Yes, it is.
No, they aren’t.
Spelling of verb + -ing
● La forme en -ing
Regole ortografiche per la forma in -ing
Die Schreibung von Verben in der ing-Form
1
Unit 11
● Pour la plupart des verbes, on ajoute -ing à l’infinitif.
La maggior parte dei verbi aggiunge -ing alla forma base.
11.1 Present Continuous
● Le présent progressif
Il Present Continuous
am
Question
across, through et into
Le preposizioni than, from, in, of, along, over, past, up, down,
across, through e into
Die Präpositionen than, from, in, of, along, over, past, up, down,
across, through und into
The country is quieter than the city.
The house is 50 metres from the sea.
Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
He spends his time on the banks of the river.
She came out of the garage.
He drove along the road.
They ran over the bridge.
I walked past the pub.
He walked up the hill.
He ran down the hill.
The boat went across the river.
The cat ran through the hedge.
He jumped into the lake.
I
Das Present Continuous
1
● On emploie le présent progressif pour décrire une action qui se
déroule au moment où l’on parle.
Il Present Continuous esprime un’azione che avviene in questo
Bei den meisten Verben wird einfach -ing angehängt.
wear wearing
go
going
cook cooking
hold holding
2
● Si l’infinitif se termine en -e, le -e est remplacé par -ing.
Se la forma base del verbo termina in -e, si elimina -e e si aggiunge
-ing.
Wenn der Infinitiv auf -e endet, wird das -e weggelassen und dann
-ing angehängt.
write writing
smile smiling
take taking
momento, o un’azione temporanea.*
Das Present Continuous beschreibt, was jetzt gerade stattfindet.
She’s wearing jeans.
I’m studying English.
! L’uso del Present Continuous in questo caso è obbligatorio. Invece
in italiano si possono usare sia il presente sia ‘stare + gerundio’.
I’m reading a book. = Leggo un libro./Sto leggendo un libro.
2
précédée d’une voyelle, on redouble la consonne finale et on ajoute
-ing.
Se il verbo è monosillabo e termina con una vocale + una
consonante, si raddoppia la consonante.
Wenn ein verb nur aus einer Silbe besteht und auf einen
Konsonanten endet, wird der Konsonant verdoppelt und dann
-ing angehängt.
sit
sitting
get
getting
run
running
● On emploie aussi le présent progressif pour décrire une action qui va
se dérouler dans un futur proche. Il s’agit en général d’un projet
personnel et définitif.
Il Present Continuous può anche esprimere un’azione in un
immediato futuro, di solito un impegno o programma personale
prestabilito.
Das Present Continuous kann auch beschreiben, was bald stattfinden
soll. Dabei handelt es sich normalerweise um ein festes Vorhaben
oder eine Abmachung.
I’m playing tennis this afternoon.
Jane’s seeing her boyfriend tonight.
3
● Pour les verbes monosyllabiques qui se terminent par une consonne
32
11.2 Present Simple and Present Continuous
● Le présent simple et le présent progressif
Confronto tra il Present Simple e il Present Continuous
Present Simple und Present Continuous
1
● Le présent simple est utilisé pour décrire des vérités permanentes ou
de longue durée.
Il Present Simple si usa per parlare di fatti che sono sempre veri, o di
lunghissima durata.
Das Present Simple beschreibt eine Tatsache, die immer zutrifft oder
ein Dauerzustand ist.
I come from Switzerland. He works in a bank.
Unit 12
12.1 going to
● going to (futur)
going to per esprimere il futuro
1
● On emploie going to pour exprimer des projets ou intentions futurs.
Si usa going to per esprimere progetti e intenzioni per il futuro.
2
● Le présent progressif est utilisé pour décrire une action qui se déroule
au moment où l’on parle ou une action temporaire.
Il Present Continuous esprime un’azione che avviene in questo
momento, o un’azione temporanea.
Das Present Continuous beschreibt Aktivitäten, die gerade stattfinden,
und vorübergehende Aktivitäten.
Why are you wearing a suit? You usually wear jeans.
We’re watching a lot of TV these days.
2
indifféremment pour exprimer un projet ou une intention.
Sia going to che il Present Continuous esprimono progetti e intenzioni
● On emploie Whose … ? = à qui pour demander à qui appartient
quelque chose.
Si usa Whose … ? = Di chi per chiedere a chi appartiene una cosa.
Whose … ? fragt nach dem Besitz.
Subject
Object
Adjective
Pronoun
I
You
He
She
We
They
me
you
him
her
us
them
my
your
his
her
our
their
mine
yours
his
hers
ours
theirs
It’s
● On emploie going to lorsqu’une action va avoir lieu de façon certaine.
Si usa going to quando si vede o si sa che qualcosa succederà di sicuro.
mine.
yours.
hers.
his.
ours.
theirs.
11.4 Prepositions
● Les prépositions in, to, with, for et by
Le preposizioni in, to, with, for e by
Die Präpositionen in, to, with, for und by
I read in bed.
We’ve got this jumper in red.
He’s talking to Mandy.
There’s a girl with fair hair.
I’m looking for a jumper.
I always pay by credit card.
Man verwendet going to auch, wenn man jetzt schon absehen kann,
dass etwas ganz bestimmt in der Zukunft geschehen wird.
Careful! That glass is going to fall! ● Je vois bien maintenant qu’il va
tomber.
Vedo che sta per cadere.
Ich kann jetzt sehen, dass es
bestimmt herunterfallen wird.
Positive and negative
I
am
He/She/It
is
(not) going to
We
You
They
have a break.
be at home.
are
Question
! ● Attention! Ne pas confondre who’s = qui est? et whose = à qui est?
Attenzione a non confondere who’s = chi è? e whose = di chi è?
Vorsicht! Die beiden Wörter who’s und whose kann man leicht
verwechseln. Who’s ist die Kurzform von who is. Whose fragt nach
dem Besitz.
per il futuro, spesso senza differenza di significato. Si può usare
entrambi le forme.
Oft besteht kein Unterschied zwischen going to and dem Present
Continuous, wenn man über Pläne und Absichten für die Zukunft
spricht. Man kann beide Formen verwenden.
I’m seeing Peter tonight.
I’m going to see Peter tonight.
3
Whose + Possessivpronomen
Whose is this book?
Whose book is this?
Whose is it?
Going to beschreibt die Pläne und Absichten für die Zukunft, die
jemand hat.
She’s going to be a ballet dancer when she grows up.
We’re going to stay in a villa in France this summer.
● Souvent going to et le présent progressif peuvent s’utiliser
11.3 Whose + possessive pronouns
● Whose + pronom possessif
Whose + i pronomi possessivi
Die Verwendung von going to
am
I
is
he/she/it
are
we
you
they
When
going to
have a break?
be at home?
● Avec les verbes to go et to come, c’est le présent progressif qui est
utilisé et non pas going to pour exprimer les projets futurs.
Con i verbi to go e to come di solito si usa il Present Continuous non
going to per esprimere progetti per il futuro.
Mit den Verben to go and to come verwendet man normalerweise das
Present Continuous nicht going to, wenn es um Pläne für die Zukunft
geht.
We’re going to Paris next week.
Joe and Tim are coming for lunch tomorrow.
33
● Les adverbes servent à décrire les verbes.
Gli avverbi descrivono un verbo.
12.2 Infinitive of purpose
● L’infinitif pour exprimer le but
L’infinito di scopo
Der Infinitiv zur Beschreibung des Zwecks
● L’infinitif peut servir à exprimer le but ou la raison d’une action.
L’infinito può esprimere la ragione o lo scopo per cui si fa qualcosa.
Der Infinitiv kann den Zweck oder Grund beschreiben, warum
jemand etwas tut.
I’m saving my money to buy a CD player.
● = parce que je veux acheter un lecteur de CD
= perché voglio comprare un lettore di CD
= weil ich einen CD–Spieler kaufen will
We’re going to Paris to have a holiday.
● = parce que nous voulons prendre des vacances
= perché vogliamo fare una vacanza
= weil wir Urlaub machen wollen
NOT
I’m saving my money for to buy a CD player.
I’m saving my money for buy a CD player.
● Les prépositions in, at, of, like et on
Le preposizioni in, at, of, like e on
quick
bad
careful
immediate
easy
quickly
badly
carefully
immediately
easily
Manche Adverbien sind unregelmässig.
Adjective
Adverb
I’m going to Florida in a year’s time.
He’s interested in flying.
She’s good at singing.
She was afraid of cars.
What’s the weather like?
What’s on TV tonight?
There’s a film on Channel 4.
What’s on at the cinema?
good
hard
early
fast
well
hard
early
fast
13.3 Prepositions
● Les prépositions about, at, of et from
Le preposizioni about, at, of e from
● La forme interrogative : pronoms et adjectifs interrogatifs
Formazione delle domande Fragen
When did Columbus discover America?
Where are the Andes?
Who did she marry?
Who was Mother Teresa?
How do you get to school?
What do you have for breakfast?
What happens at the end of the story?
Why do you want to learn English?
How many people are there in the class?
How much does she earn?
How far is it to the centre?
What sort of car do you have?
Which newspaper do you read?
13.2 Adjectives and adverbs
● Adjectifs et adverbes
Aggettivi e avverbi
Adjektive und Adverbien
● Les adjectifs servent à décrire les noms.
Gli aggettivi descrivono un sostantivo.
Adjektive beschreiben Nomen.
a big dog
a careful driver
Die Präpositionen about, at, of und from
What’s the story about?
What happens at the end of the story?
The train leaves from platform 9.
13.1 Question forms
Adverb
Die Präpositionen in, at, of, like, und on
Unit 13
Adjective
● Certains adverbes sont irréguliers.
Alcuni avverbi sono irregolari.
12.3 Prepositions
Adverbien beschreiben Verben.
She ran quickly.
He drives too fast.
● Les adverbes réguliers se forment en ajoutant -ly à l’adjectif.
Gli avverbi regolari si formano aggiungendo -ly all’aggettivo.
Um ein regelmässiges Adverb zu bilden, hängt man -ly an das
Adjektiv an.
Si
● l’adjectif se termine en -y, le -y devient -i, puis on ajoute -ly.
Se l’aggettivo termina in -y, si cambia -y in -i e si aggiunge -ly.
Wenn das Adjektiv auf -y endet, macht man aus dem -y ein i und
hängt dann -ly an.
Unit 14
14.1 Present Perfect
1
● Le Present Perfect Il Present Perfect Das Present Perfect
● On emploie le Present Perfect pour exprimer une action qui s’est
déroulée à un moment indéterminé dans le passé. On utilise souvent
le Present Perfect pour parler d’expériences passées.
Il Present Perfect si usa per esprimere un’azione avvenuta in un
passato non specificato. Si usa anche per parlare delle esperienze che
abbiamo fatto.
Das Present Perfect bezieht sich auf eine Handlung, die irgendwann in
der Vergangenheit stattgefunden hat. Man verwendet das Present
Perfect oft, um über Erlebnisse, die man früher einmal hatte, zu
sprechen.
She’s travelled to most parts of the world.
Have you ever been in a car accident?
2
● Si l’on veut dire quand ces actions ont eu lieu, l’utilisation du prétérit
est obligatoire.
Se si dice quando è successa un’azione passata, è obbligatorio usare il
Past Simple.
Wenn man sagen will, wann diese Handlungen stattfanden, muss
man das Past Simple verwenden.
34
She went to Russia two years ago.
NOT She has been to Russia two years ago.
I was in a crash when I was 10.
NOT I have been in a crash when I was 10.
14.2 yet and just
● yet et just
● On emploie just = juste dans les phrases affirmatives. On emploie yet
3
● Avec le prétérit on utilise les expressions de temps suivantes.
Con il Past Simple si usano queste espressioni di tempo.
Beachten Sie die Zeitangaben, die mit dem Past Simple verwendet
werden.
= pas encore dans les phrases négatives et interrogatives = déjà.
Si usa just = appena nelle frasi affermative. Si usa yet nelle frasi
last night.
yesterday.
in 1990.
at three o’clock.
on Monday.
I left
! ● On n’emploie jamais le Present Perfect pour des actions qui ont eu
lieu dans le passé et qui sont terminés.
Attenzione! Non si usa il Present Perfect per un’azione specifica
conclusa nel passato.
Das Present Perfect wird nicht für eine in der vergangenheit
abgeschlossene Handlung verwendet.
I went to school yesterday. = ● Je suis allé à l’ecole hier.
Sono andato a scuola ieri.
Ich bin gestern zur Schule gegangen.
They saw a boring film. = ● Ils ont vu un film ennuyeux.
Hanno visto un film noioso.
Sie haben einen langweiligen Film
gesehen.
Positive and negative
I
You
have
We
They
(not) been to the States.
I’ve been = I have been
You’ve been = You have been
We’ve been = We have been
They’ve been = They have been
He
She
It
He’s been = He has been
She’s been = She has been
It’s been = It has been
has
yet e just
Die Verwendung von yet und just
negative = non ancora e nelle domande = già.
Man verwendet just in Aussagesätzen. Man verwendet yet in
verneinten Sätzen und Fragen.
Have you done your homework yet?
I haven’t done it yet. ● mais je vais le faire
ma li farò
aber ich werde sie noch machen
I have just done it. ● je viens juste de le finir il y a très peu de
temps
li ho finito guisto un attimo fa
ich bin gerade damit fertig geworden
14.3 been and gone
● been et gone
been e gone
Die Verwendung von been und gone
She’s gone to Portugal. ● elle y est toujours
ed è ancora là
und sie ist immer noch dort
She’s been to Portugal. ● elle y est allée et en est revenue
c’è stata ed è tornata
früher einmal, aber jetzt ist sie wieder hier
14.4 Prepositions
● Les prépositions for, by et on
Le preposizioni for, by e on
Die Präpositionen for, by und on
She works for a big company.
Hamlet is a play by Shakespeare.
Brad and Marilyn are on honeymoon
Wait for me!
Question
have
Where
has
I
you
we
they
been?
she
he
it
Yes/No questions
Have you been to Russia?
Short answers
Yes, I have.
No, I haven’t.
ever and never
● ever et never
ever e never
Die Verwendung von ever und never
● On emploie ever dans les questions et never dans les phrases
négatives. Remarquer la place d’ever et de never dans la phrase.
Si usa ever = mai nelle domande e never = non mai nelle frasi
negative. Si noti la loro posizione nella frase.
Man verwendet ever in Fragesätzen und never in verneinten Sätzen.
Vorsicht bei der Stellung von ever und never im Satz.
Have you ever been to Russia?
I’ve never been to Russia.
35
Irregular verbs
Base Form
Past Simple
Past Principle
be ● être essere sein
become ● devenir diventare werden
begin ● commencer cominciare beginnen
break ● casser rompere (zer) brechen
bring ● amener portare bringen
build ● construire costruire bauen
buy ● acheter comprare kaufen
can ● pouvoir potere können
catch ● attraper prendere fangen
choose ● choisir scegliere wählen
come ● venir venire kommen
cost ● coûter costare kosten
cut ● couper tagliare schneiden
do ● faire fare tun, machen
drink ● boire bere trinken
drive ● conduire guidare fahren
eat ● manger mangiare essen
fall ● tomber cadere fallen
feel ● sentir sentire fühlen
fight ● combattre lottare kämpfen
find ● trouver trovare finden
fly ● voler volare fliegen
forget ● oublier dimenticare vergessen
get ● obtenir ottenere, diventare, arrivare (a) bekommen
give ● donner dare geben
go ● aller andare gehen
grow ● grandir, pousser crescere wachsen
have ● avoir avere haben
hear ● entendre sentire hören
hit ● frapper colpire schlagen
keep ● garder tenere behalten
know ● savoir sapere, conoscere wissen, kennen
learn ● apprendre imparare lernen
leave ● laisser, partir lasciare, partire lassen, gehen
lose ● perdre perdere verlieren
make ● faire fare machen
meet ● rencontrer incontrare (sich) treffen
pay ● payer pagare (be) zahlen
put ● mettre mettere tun, legen, stellen
read ● lire leggere lesen
ride ● monter à cheval, aller à cheval, vélo, etc andare (in bici, a cavallo)
run ● courir correre laufen
say ● dire dire sagen
see ● voir vedere sehen
sell ● vendre vendere verkaufen
send ● envoyer mandare schicken
shut ● fermer chiudere schliessen
sing ● chanter cantare singen
sit ● (s’) asseoir, être assis sedersi sitzen
sleep ● dormir dormire schlafen
speak ● parler parlare sprechen
spend ● dépenser, passer spendere, passare ausgeben
stand ● se lever, être debout stare in piedi, sopportare stehen
steal ● voler rubare stehlen
swim ● nager nuotare schwimmen
take ● prendre prendere nehmen
tell ● raconter dire, raccontare sagen, erzählen
think ● penser pensare denken
understand ● comprendre capire verstehen
wake ● (se) réveiller svegliare, svegliarsi wecken
wear ● porter (un habit) indossare tragen
win ● gagner vincere gewinnen
write ● écrire scrivere schreiben
was/were
became
began
broke
brought
built
bought
could
caught
chose
came
cost
cut
did
drank
drove
ate
fell
felt
fought
found
flew
forgot
got
gave
went
grew
had
heard
hit
kept
knew
learned/learnt
left
lost
made
met
paid
put
read
rode
ran
said
saw
sold
sent
shut
sang
sat
slept
spoke
spent
stood
stole
swam
took
told
thought
understood
woke
wore
won
wrote
been
become
begun
broken
brought
built
bought
been able
caught
chosen
come
cost
cut
done
drunk
driven
eaten
fallen
felt
fought
found
flown
forgot
got
given
been/gone
grown
had
heard
hit
kept
known
learned/learnt
left
lost
made
met
paid
put
read
ridden
run
said
seen
sold
sent
shut
sung
sat
slept
spoken
spent
stood
stolen
swum
taken
told
thought
understood
woken
worn
won
written
reiten, fahren
Elementary Irregular verbs
36
Verb patterns
Verbs + ing
like
love
enjoy
hate
finish
stop
swimming
cooking
Verbs + to + infinitive
choose
decide
forget
promise
need
help
hope
try
want
would like
would love
to go
to work
Verbs + -ing or to + infinitive
begin
start
raining/to rain
Modal auxiliary verbs
can
could
shall
will
would
38
go
arrive
Elementary Verb patterns
37
Phonetic symbols
Consonants
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
/p/
/b/
/t/
/d/
/k/
/g/
/f/
/v/
/s/
/z/
/l/
/m/
/n/
/h/
/r/
/j/
/w/
/T/
/D/
/S/
/Z/
/tS/
/dZ/
/N/
Vowels
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
pen /pen/
big /bIg/
tea /ti:/
do /du:/
cat /k&t/
go /g@U/
four /fO:/
very /"veri/
son /sVn/
zoo /zu:/
live /lIv/
my /maI/
near /nI@/
happy /"h&pi/
red /red/
yes /jes/
want /wQnt/
thanks /T&Nks/
the /D@/
she /Si:/
television /"telIvIZn/
child /tSaIld/
German /"dZ3:m@n/
English /"INglIS/
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
/i:/
/I/
/i/
/e/
/&/
/A:/
/Q/
/O:/
/U/
/u:/
/V/
/3:/
/@/
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
see /si:/
his /hIz/
twenty /"twenti/
ten /ten/
stamp /st&mp/
father /"fA:D@/
hot /hQt/
morning /"mO:nIN/
football /"fUtbO:l/
you /ju:/
sun /sVn/
learn /l3:n/
letter /"let@/
Diphthongs (two vowels together)
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
/eI/
/@U/
/aI/
/aU/
/OI/
/I@/
/e@/
/U@/
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
as in
name /neIm/
no /n@U/
my /maI/
how /haU/
boy /bOI/
hear /hI@/
where /we@/
tour /tU@/
Elementary Phonetic symbols
38

Elementary Study Companion

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