Outline of Nahum

Chapter 1
Outline of Nahum
Based on analysed Hebrew text made visible through colors. 1
In the following sections we give the Hebrew text with certain words
colored which belong to paired or joined sections according to our
analysis. In these paired or joined sections these words are either
1. the same
2. or from the same root,
3. synonyms or
4. antonyms.
1. The differences in the counting of the verses in Hebrew and in English
are preserved in both. If not otherwise noted the Hebrew Bible quotations
are according to OpenScriptures.org, ed., Westminster Leningrad Codex, [accessed September 1, 2012], 2010, http://www.crosswire.org/sword/
modules / ModInfo . jsp ? modName = OSMHB and the English Bible quotations are according to the ESV: Good News Publishers, ed., English Standard
Version, [Accessed May 9, 2011], 2001, http://www.crosswire.org/
sword/modules/ModInfo.jsp?modName=ESV
1
2
CHAPTER 1. OUTLINE OF NAHUM
It is no coincidence that these categories remind us of certain aspects of the use of parallelisms in Hebrew poetry. Chiastic structures are built upon the use of pairs and repetitions. It seems that
this was perceived as beautiful.
1.1 Outline of Nahum in English
The first verse is the title of the book presenting it as an inspired
prophetic vision given by God to Nahum of Elkosh. 1:2-10 is a
theophany of the Lord presenting him as the absolute souvereign
and just Lord and Judge of the universe in front of whom nobody
can stand.
1:11 to 3:19 is the main part of the book which applies the truth
of 1:2-10 to the specific case of Niniveh out of whom somebody
came who planed evil against the Lord. He, the king of Assyria, is
senteced to death and Niniveh the center of his power is utterly destroyed. This results in peace and liberation for Judah which is thus
encouraged to serve God and celebrate his answering her prayers.
1:1
1:2-10
An oracle concerning Nineveh. The book of the
vision of Nahum of Elkosh.
God is the Lord of creation, ruling the heavens,
the earth and its inhabitants with the mountains,
the rivers and the sea. No one can stand before
him when he punishes his enemies.
1.1. OUTLINE OF NAHUM IN ENGLISH
A1 1:11-15
B1 2:1-10
C1 2:11-13
D1 3:1-3
C2 3:4-7
D2 3:8-11
B2 3:12-17
A2 3:18-19
3
From Niniveh came one "who plotted evil against
the LORD, a worthless counselor", "he is utterly
cut off" with his idolatry. The good news of
God's peace after Niniveh's judgment is brought
over the mountains to Judah who is freed and encouraged to celebrate the Lord's holy days.
The defensive powers of Niniveh collapse. She
is plundered by her invading enemies.
Niniveh was the lions' den into which all prey
was carried from all the earth but now the algmighty Lord has turned against her and lets her
be consumed by the invading armies.
"Woe to the bloody city, all full of lies and plunder - no end to the prey!" The invasion of the enemies fills the city and leaves it full of corpses
without end and everywhere.
Niniveh was the great prostitute, the mistress of
sorceries, that sold nations through her whorings
and sorceries but now the algmighty Lord has
turned against her and disposes her nakedness
and shame before all nations so that all will flee
from her disaster leaving her no comforter.
Niniveh is not better than No-Amon (Thebes).
She shall not escape judgment.
The defensive powers of Niniveh collapse. She
is plundered by her invading enemies.
The shepherds of Assyria's king are asleep, his
people scattered on the mountains. All who hear
the news about him clap their hands over him.
For upon whom has not come his unceasing evil?
4
CHAPTER 1. OUTLINE OF NAHUM
1.2 Nahum's colored Hebrew text structure
1.2.1 1:1
‫ ַמ ָ ֖שּׂא ִנֽינְ ֵו֑ה ֵ ֧ס ֶפר ֲחז֛ וֹן נַ ֖חוּם ָה ֶא ְלק ִ ֹֽשׁי׃‬1:1
This is the title and introduction of the whole book.
1.2.2 1:2 - 10
A1 1:2
B1 1:3a
C
3b-6
B2 1:7
A2 1:8-10
"The LORD is a jealous and avenging God" who
punishes his enemies.
"The LORD is slow to anger and ... will by no
means clear the guilty."
God is the Lord of creation, ruling the heavens,
the earth and its inhabitants with the mountains,
the rivers and the sea. No one can stand before
him when he punishes his enemies.
"The LORD is good, a stronghold in the day of
trouble; he knows those who take refuge in him."
"He will make a complete end of the adversaries."
ָ ְ‫הוה נֵ ֹ֥קם י‬
֔ ָ ְ‫ ֵ ֣אל ַקנּ֤ וֹא וְ נ ֵֹק ֙ם י‬2:1
‫וּב ַﬠל ֵח ָ ֑מה‬
֣ ַ ‫הו֖ה‬
‫ֹיְביו׃‬
ֽ ָ ‫נוֹטר ֖הוּא ְלא‬
֥ ֵ ְ‫נֵ ֹ֤קם יְ הוָ ֙ה ְל ָצ ָ ֔ריו ו‬
‫אַפּ ֙יִם וגדול ־ ֔כֹּ ַח וְ נַ ֵ ֖קּה ֣ל ֹא יְ נַ ֶ ֑קּה‬
ַ ֙ ‫הוה ֶ ֤א ֶרְך‬
֗ ָ ְ‫ י‬3
‫וּב ְשׂ ָﬠ ָר ֙ה ַדּ ְר ֔כּוֹ וְ ָﬠ ָ ֖נ ן ֲא ַ ֥בק ַרגְ ָ ֽליו׃‬
ִ ‫סוּפה‬
֤ ָ ‫הוה ְבּ‬
֗ ָ ְ‫י‬
‫ל־הנְּ ָה ֖רוֹת ֶ ֽה ֱח ִ ֑ריב‬
ַ ‫ֽ יַּבּ ֵ֔שׁהוּ וְ ָכ‬
ְ ‫גּוֹﬠ֤ר ַבּיָּ ֙ם ַו‬
ֵ 4
‫וּפ ַרח ְל ָבנ֖ וֹן ֻא ְמ ָ ֽלל׃‬
֥ ֶ ‫שׁן וְ ַכ ְר ֶ֔מל‬
֙ ָ ‫ֻא ְמ ַל֤ל ָבּ‬
‫ ָה ִר ֙ים ָר ֲﬠ ֣שׁוּ ִמ ֶ֔מּנּוּ וְ ַהגְּ ָב ֖ﬠוֹת ִה ְתמ ָֹג֑גוּ‬5
1.2. NAHUM'S COLORED HEBREW TEXT STRUCTURE5
‫וַ ִתּ ָ ֤שּׂא ָהאָ ֶ֙ר ֙ץ ִמ ָפּ ָ֔ניו וְ ֵת ֵ ֖בל וְ ָכל־ ֹ֥י ְשׁ ֵבי ָ ֽבהּ׃‬
‫אַפּוֹ‬
֑ ‫וּמי יָ ֖קוּם ַבּ ֲח ֣רוֹן‬
֥ ִ ‫מוֹ ִ ֣מי ַי ֲֽﬠ ֔מוֹד‬
֙ ‫ ִל ְפ ֵנ֤י זַ ְﬠ‬6
‫תוֹ נִ ְתּ ָכ֣ה ָכ ֵ֔אשׁ וְ ַה ֻצּ ִ ֖רים נִ ְתּ ֥צוּ ִמ ֶ ֽמּנּוּ׃‬
֙ ‫ֲח ָמ‬
‫הוה ְל ָמ ֖ﬠוֹז ְבּי֣ וֹם ָצ ָ ֑רה וְ י ֵ ֹ֖ד ַע ֥חֹ ֵסי ֽבוֹ׃‬
֔ ָ ְ‫ ֣טוֹב י‬7
‫ֹיְביו יְ ַר ֶדּף־ ֽחֹ ֶשְׁך׃‬
֖ ָ ‫קוֹמהּ וְ א‬
֑ ָ ‫שׂה ְמ‬
֣ ֶ ‫שׁ ֶטף ע ֵֹ֔בר ָכּ ָל֖ה יַ ֲﬠ‬
֣ ֶ ‫וּב‬
ְ 8
‫הוה ָכּ ָל֖ה ֣הוּא ע ֶ ֹ֑שׂה‬
֔ ָ ְ‫בוּן ֶאל־י‬
֙ ‫ה־תּ ַח ְשּׁ‬
ְ ‫ ַמ‬9
‫א־ת ֥קוּם ַפּ ֲﬠ ַ ֖מיִם ָצ ָ ֽרה׃‬
ָ ֹ ‫ֽל‬
‫בוּאים‬
֑ ִ ‫וּכ ָס ְבאָ֖ם ְס‬
ְ ‫ירים ְס ֻב ִ֔כים‬
֣ ִ ‫ד־ס‬
ִ ‫ ִכּ֚י ַﬠ‬10
‫יָבשׁ ָמ ֵ ֽלא׃‬
֖ ֵ ‫ֻ֨א ְכּ ֔לוּ ְכּ ַ ֥ קשׁ‬
1.2.3 1:11 - 15
A1 1:11-12a
B1 1:12c-13
C
1:14
B2 1:15a+b
A2 1:15c
"From you came one who plotted evil against the
LORD, a worthless counselor... they will be cut
down and pass away."
"Though I have afflicted you, I will afflict you
no more. And now I will break his yoke from off
you and will burst your bonds apart."
"The LORD has given commandment about you:
'No more shall your name be perpetuated; from
the house of your gods I will cut off the carved
image and the metal image. I will make your
grave, for you are vile.'"
"Behold, upon the mountains, the feet of him
who brings good news, who publishes peace!
Keep your feasts, O Judah; fulfill your vows..."
"...for never again shall the worthless pass
through you; he is utterly cut off."
6
CHAPTER 1. OUTLINE OF NAHUM
‫הו֖ה ָר ָ ֑ﬠה י ֵ ֹ֖ﬠץ ְבּ ִל ָיּ ַֽﬠל׃ ס‬
ָ ְ‫ ִמ ֵ ֣מְּך יָ ָ֔צא ח ֵ ֹ֥שׁב ַﬠל־י‬11:1
‫הוה‬
֗ ָ ְ‫אָמר י‬
֣ ַ ‫ ֣כֹּה ׀‬12
‫ם־שׁ ֵל ִמ ֙ים וְ ֵכ֣ן ַר ִ֔בּים וְ ֵ ֥כן נָ ֹ֖גזּוּ וְ ָﬠ ָ ֑בר‬
ְ ‫ִא‬
‫וְ ֨ ִﬠנִּ ִ֔תְך ֥ל ֹא ֲא ַﬠ ֵ ֖נּ ְך ֽﬠוֹד׃‬
‫וּמוֹסר ַ ֹ֖תיְִך ֲאנַ ֵ ֽתּק׃‬
ְ
‫ וְ ַﬠ ָ֕תּה ֶא ְשׁ ֥בֹּר מ ֵ ֹ֖טהוּ ֵ ֽמ ָﬠ ָל֑יְִך‬13
‫הוה ֽל ֹא־יִזָּ ַ ֥רע ִמ ִשּׁ ְמָך֖ ֑ﬠוֹד‬
֔ ָ ְ‫ וְ ִצָוּ֤ה ָﬠ ֶ ֙ל ֙יָך י‬14
‫וֹת׃‬
ָ ‫אָשׂים ִק ְב ֶ ֖רָך ִ ֥כּי ַק ֽלּ‬
֥ ִ ‫וּמ ֵסּ ָ ֛כה‬
ַ ‫אַכ ִ ֨רית ֶפּ ֶ֧סל‬
ְ ‫ֹלהיָך‬
ֶ֜ ‫ִמ ֵ֨בּית ֱא‬
‫פ‬
‫ל־ה ָה ִ ֜רים ַרגְ ֵל֤י ְמ ַב ֵשּׂ ֙ר ַמ ְשׁ ִ ֣מ ַיע ָשׁ ֔לוֹם‬
ֶ ‫ ִה ֵ֨נּה ַﬠ‬1:2
‫יוֹסיף ֛ﬠוֹד‬
֥ ִ ‫הוּדה ַח ַגּ֖יְִך ַשׁ ְלּ ִ ֣מי נְ ָד ָ ֑ריְִך ִכּי֩ ֨ל ֹא‬
֛ ָ ְ‫ָח ִגּ֧י י‬
‫לעבור ־ ָ ֥בְּך ְבּ ִל ַיּ ַ֖ﬠל ֻכֹּּל֥ ה נִ ְכ ָ ֽרת׃‬
1.2.4 2:1 - 10
A1 2:1a
B1 2:1b
C1 2:2
D1 2:3-5
D2 2:6-8
"The scatterer has come up against" your face.
"Man the ramparts; watch the road"; strengthen
your loins; "collect all your strength."
"For the Lord is restoring the majesty of Jacob as
the majesty of Israel, for plunderers have plundered them".
The invading army is overwhelmingly powerful.
"The river gates are opened; the palace melts
away; its mistress is stripped; she is carried off...
Nineveh is like a pool whose waters run away...
none turns back."
‫‪1.2. NAHUM'S COLORED HEBREW TEXT STRUCTURE7‬‬
‫‪"Take ... the spoil of silver, take the spoil of gold:‬‬
‫‪for there is none end of the store and glory out of‬‬
‫‪all the pleasant furniture. She is empty, and void,‬‬
‫‪and waste" (KJV).‬‬
‫‪"Hearts melt and knees tremble; anguish is in all‬‬
‫"‪loins.‬‬
‫"!‪"All faces grow pale‬‬
‫‪C2 2:9-10a‬‬
‫‪B2 2:10b‬‬
‫‪A2 2:10c‬‬
‫ל־פּ ַנ֖יְִך נָ ֣צוֹר ְמ ֻצ ָ ֑רה‬
‫‪ָ 2‬ﬠ ָ ֥לה ֵמ ִ ֛פיץ ַﬠ ָ‬
‫אד׃‬
‫אַמּץ ֖כֹּ ַח ְמ ֽ ֹ‬
‫ה־ד ֶר ְ֙ך ַח ֵזּ֣ק ָמ ְת ַ֔ניִם ֵ ֥‬
‫ַצ ֵפּ ֶ ֙‬
‫יִשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל‬
‫‪֣ ִ 3‬כּי ָ ֤שׁב יְ הוָ ֙ה ֶאת־גְּ ֣אוֹן יַ ֲﬠ ֔קֹב ִכּגְ ֖אוֹן ְ‬
‫יהם ִשׁ ֵ ֽחתוּ׃‬
‫קוּם ֽבֹּ ְק ִ֔קים וּזְ מ ֵֹר ֶ ֖‬
‫ִ ֤כּי ְב ָק ֙‬
‫י־חיִל֙ ְמ ֻת ָלּ ֔ ִﬠים‬
‫אָדּם אַנְ ֵשׁ ַ֙‬
‫‪ָ 4‬מ ֨ ֵגן גִּ בּ ֵ ֹ֜ריהוּ ְמ ָ ֗‬
‫שׁ־פּ ָל ֥דוֹת ָה ֶ ֖ר ֶכב ְבּי֣ וֹם ֲה ִכינ֑ וֹ וְ ַה ְבּר ִ ֹ֖שׁים ָה ְר ָ ֽﬠלוּ׃‬
‫ְבּ ֵא ְ‬
‫הוֹלל֣ וּ ָה ֶ ֔ר ֶכב יִֽ ְשׁ ַתּ ְק ְשׁ ֖קוּן ָבּ ְרח ֹ֑בוֹת‬
‫יִת ְ‬
‫חוּצוֹת ְ‬
‫֙‬
‫‪ֽ ַ 5‬בּ‬
‫רוֹצצוּ׃‬
‫ידם ַכּ ְבּ ָר ִ ֖ קים יְ ֵ ֽ‬
‫יהן ַכּ ַלּ ִפּ ִ ֔‬
‫ַמ ְר ֵא ֶ ֙‬
‫יִכּ ְשׁל֖ וּ בהלכותם‬
‫יריו ָ‬
‫אַדּ ָ ֔‬
‫‪ 6‬יִזְ כּ ֹ֙ר ִ‬
‫וֹמ ָ֔תהּ וְ ֻה ַ ֖כן ַהסּ ֵ ֹֽכְך׃‬
‫רוּ ֽח ָ‬
‫יְמ ֲה ֙‬
‫ַֽ‬
‫‪ַ 7‬שׁ ֲﬠ ֵ ֥רי ַהנְּ ָה ֖רוֹת נִ ְפ ָ ֑תּחוּ וְ ַ ֽה ֵה ָיכ֖ל נָ ֽמוֹג׃‬
‫יוֹנים‬
‫גוֹת ְכּ ֣קוֹל ִ֔‬
‫יה ְמ ַנ ֲֽה ֙‬
‫אַמה ֶֹ֗ת ָ‬
‫‪ 8‬וְ ֻה ַ ֖צּב גֻּ ְלּ ָ ֣תה ֽהֹ ֲﬠ ָל ָ֑תה וְ ְ‬
‫ל־ל ְב ֵב ֶ ֽהן׃‬
‫ְמת ְֹפ ֹ֖פת ַﬠ ִ‬
‫ימי ִ ֑היא וְ ֵ ֣ה ָמּה נָ ִ֔סים‬
‫ת־מיִם ִ ֣מ ֵ‬
‫‪ 9‬וְ נִ ינְ ֵו֥ה ִכ ְב ֵ ֽר ַכ ַ ֖‬
‫מדוּ וְ ֵ ֥אין ַמ ְפ ֶנֽה׃‬
‫ִﬠ ְמ ֥דוּ ֲﬠ ֖ ֹ‬
‫‪֥ 10‬בֹּזּוּ ֶכ ֶ֖סף ֣בֹּזּוּ זָ ָ ֑הב‬
‫כוּנה ָכּ ֕בֹד ִמ ֖כֹּל ְכּ ִ ֥לי ֶח ְמ ָ ֽדּה׃‬
‫וְ ֵ ֥אין ֵ ֙ק ֶצ ֙ה ַל ְתּ ָ֔‬
‫וּמ ֻב ָלּ ָ ֑ קה‬
‫וּמבוּ ָ ֖ קה ְ‬
‫‪ 11‬בּוּ ָ ֥ קה ְ‬
8
CHAPTER 1. OUTLINE OF NAHUM
‫ל־מ ְת ַ֔ניִם‬
ָ ‫וּפק ִבּ ְר ַ֗כּיִם וְ ַח ְל ָח ָל ֙ה ְבּ ָכ‬
֣ ִ ‫וְ ֨ ֵלב נָ ֵ֜מס‬
‫ארוּר׃‬
ֽ ‫וּפ ֵנ֥י ֻכ ָלּ֖ם ִק ְבּ ֥צוּ ָפ‬
ְ
1.2.5 2:11 - 3:11
A1 2:11-12
B1 2:13
C1 3:1-3
A2 3:4
B2 3:5-7
C2 3:8-11
Niniveh was the lions' den into which all prey
was carried from all the earth.
But now the algmighty Lord has turned against
her and lets her be consumed by the invading
armies.
"Woe to the bloody city, all full of lies and plunder - no end to the prey!" The invasion of the enemies fills the city and leaves it full of corpses
without end and everywhere.
Niniveh was the great prostitute, the mistress of
sorceries, that sold nations through her whorings
and sorceries.
But now the algmighty Lord has turned against
her and disposes her nakedness and shame before
all nations so that all will flee from her disaster
leaving her no comforter.
Niniveh is not better than No-Amon (Thebes).
She shall not escape judgment.
‫וּמ ְר ֶ ֥ﬠה ֖הוּא ַל ְכּ ִפ ִ ֑רים‬
ִ ‫ אַיֵּ ֙ה ְמ ֣ﬠוֹן ֲא ָרי֔ וֹת‬12
‫אַר ֵי֖ה וְ ֵ ֥אין ַמ ֲח ִ ֽריד׃‬
ְ ‫אַר ֵ֨יה ָל ִ ֥ביא ָ ֛שׁם גּ֥ וּר‬
ְ ֩‫שׁר ָה ַלְך‬
֣ ֶ ‫ֲא‬
‫וּמ ַח ֵנּ֖ק ְל ִל ְבא ָ ֹ֑תיו‬
ְ ‫רוֹתיו‬
ָ֔ ‫אַר ֵי֤ה ט ֵֹר ֙ף ְבּ ֵ ֣די ֹֽג‬
ְ 13
‫וּמ ֽﬠֹנ ָ ֹ֖תיו ְט ֵר ָ ֽפה׃‬
ְ ‫א־ט ֶרף ח ָ ֹ֔ריו‬
֣ ֶ ‫יְמ ֵלּ‬
ַ ַ‫ו‬
‫‪1.2. NAHUM'S COLORED HEBREW TEXT STRUCTURE9‬‬
‫הו֣ה ְצ ָב ֔אוֹת‬
‫‪ִ 14‬הנְ ִנ֣י ֵא ֗ ַליְִך נְ ֻא ֙ם יְ ָ‬
‫אכל ָ ֑ח ֶרב‬
‫יריְִך ֣תּ ֹ ַ‬
‫וּכ ִפ ַ ֖‬
‫שׁן ִר ְכ ָ֔בּהּ ְ‬
‫וְ ִה ְב ַﬠ ְר ִ ֤תּי ֶ ֽב ָﬠ ָ ֙‬
‫אָכ ֵכה׃ ס‬
‫א־יִשּׁ ַ ֥מע ֖ﬠוֹד ֥קוֹל ַמ ְל ֵ ֽ‬
‫וְ ִה ְכ ַר ִ ֤תּי ֵמ ֶ֙א ֶר ֙ץ ַט ְר ֔ ֵפְּך וְ ֽל ֹ ָ‬
‫‪֖ 1:3‬הוֹי ִ ֣ﬠיר ָדּ ִ ֑מים‬
‫יָמישׁ ָ ֽט ֶרף׃‬
‫ֻכּ ֗ ָלּהּ ַכּ ַ֤חשׁ ֙ ֶפּ ֶר ֙ק ְמ ֵלאָ֔ה ֥ל ֹא ִ ֖‬
‫אוֹפן‬
‫‪֣ 2‬קוֹל ֔שׁוֹט וְ ֖קוֹל ַ ֣ר ַﬠשׁ ָ ֑‬
‫וּמ ְר ָכּ ָ ֖בה ְמ ַר ֵקּ ָ ֽדה׃‬
‫וְ ֣סוּס דּ ֵֹ֔הר ֶ‬
‫וּב ַ ֣רק ֲח ִ֔נית‬
‫‪ָ 3‬פּ ָ ֣רשׁ ַמ ֲﬠ ֗ ֶלה וְ ַל ַ֤הב ֶ֙ח ֶר ֙ב ְ‬
‫וְ ֥ר ֹב ָח ָל֖ל וְ ֣כֹ ֶבד ָ ֑פּגֶ ר‬
‫וְ ֵ ֥אין ֵ ֙ק ֶצ ֙ה ַלגְּ וִ ָ֔יּה יכשלו ִבּגְ וִ יָּ ָ ֽתם׃‬
‫וֹבת ֵ ֖חן ַבּ ֲﬠ ַל֣ת ְכּ ָשׁ ִ ֑פים‬
‫זוֹנה ֥ט ַ‬
‫נוּנ֣י ָ֔‬
‫‪ֵ 4‬מר ֹ֙ב זְ ֵ‬
‫יה׃‬
‫וּמ ְשׁ ָפּ ֖חוֹת ִבּ ְכ ָשׁ ֶ ֽפ ָ‬
‫יה ִ‬
‫נוּנ ָ‬
‫גּוֹיִם ִבּזְ ֶ֔‬
‫ַהמּ ֶֹכ ֶ֤רת ֙‬
‫הו֣ה ְצ ָב ֔אוֹת‬
‫‪ִ 5‬הנְ ִנ֣י ֵא ֗ ַליְִך נְ ֻא ֙ם יְ ָ‬
‫ל־פּ ָנ֑יְִך‬
‫שׁוּל֖יְִך ַﬠ ָ‬
‫יתי ַ‬
‫וְ גִ ֵלּ ִ ֥‬
‫לוֹנ ְך׃‬
‫וּמ ְמ ָל ֖כוֹת ְק ֵ ֽ‬
‫גוֹיִם ַמ ְﬠ ֵ ֔רְך ַ‬
‫יתי ֙‬
‫וְ ַה ְר ֵא ִ ֤‬
‫‪ 6‬וְ ִה ְשׁ ַל ְכ ִ ֥תּי ָﬠ ַל֛יְִך ִשׁ ֻקּ ִ ֖צים וְ נִ ַבּ ְל ִ ֑תּיְך וְ ַשׂ ְמ ִ ֖תּיְך ְכּ ֽר ֹ ִאי׃‬
‫אָמ ֙ר‬
‫‪ 7‬וְ ָה ָי֤ה ָכל־רֹאַ ֙֙יְִך ֣יִדּוֹד ִמ ֵ֔מְּך וְ ַ‬
‫ָשׁ ְדּ ָ ֣דה ִנֽינְ ֵ ֔וה ִ ֖מי יָ נ֣ וּד ָל֑הּ ֵמאַ֛יִן ֲא ַב ֵ ֥קּשׁ ְמנַ ֲח ִ ֖מים ָ ֽלְך׃‬
‫אָמוֹן ַה ֹֽיּ ְשׁ ָב ֙ה ַבּיְ א ִ ֹ֔רים ַ ֖מיִם ָס ִ ֣ביב ָל֑הּ‬
‫יט ִ ֙בי ִמ ֣נּ ֹא ֔‬
‫‪ֲ 8‬ה ֵ ֽת ְ‬
‫חוֹמ ָ ֽתהּ׃‬
‫ר־חיל ָ֔ים ִמ ָיּ֖ם ָ‬
‫ֲא ֶשׁ ֵ ֣‬
‫וּמ ְצ ַ ֖ריִם וְ ֵ ֣אין ֵ ֑ק ֶצה‬
‫‪֥ 9‬כּוּשׁ ָﬠ ְצ ָ ֛מה ִ‬
‫לוּבים ָהי֖ וּ ְבּ ֶﬠזְ ָר ֵ ֽתְך׃‬
‫֣פּוּט וְ ִ֔‬
‫ם־היא ַלגּ ָֹל ֙ה ָה ְל ָכ֣ה ַב ֶ֔שּׁ ִבי‬
‫‪ 10‬גַּ ִ֗‬
‫ל־חוּצוֹת‬
‫֑‬
‫֛יה יְ ֻר ְטּ ֖שׁוּ ְבּ ֣ר ֹאשׁ ָכּ‬
‫ַגּ֧ם ע ָֹל ֶל ָ‬
‫֖יה ֻר ְתּ ֥קוּ ַבזִּ ִ ֽקּים׃‬
‫דוֹל ָ‬
‫גוֹרל וְ ָכל־גְּ ֶ‬
‫יה יַ ֣דּוּ ָ ֔‬
‫וְ ַﬠל־נִ ְכ ַבּ ֶ ֙דּ ָ֙‬
‫‪ 11‬גַּ ם־אַ ְ֣תּ ִתּ ְשׁ ְכּ ִ ֔רי ְתּ ִ ֖הי ַנ ֲֽﬠ ָל ָ ֑מה‬
10
CHAPTER 1. OUTLINE OF NAHUM
‫אוֹיֽב׃‬
ֵ ‫גַּ ם־אַ ְ֛תּ ְתּ ַב ְק ִ ֥שׁי ָמ ֖ﬠוֹז ֵמ‬
1.2.6 3:12 - 19
The last two verses of this section (3:18-19) do not only form a
closure for this section and the book, but also point back to 1:11-15
(Hebrew 1:11-2:1).
A1 3:12-13
"All your fortresses are like fig trees with firstripe figs - if shaken they fall into the mouth of
the eater. Behold, your troops are women in your
midst. The gates of your land are wide open to
your enemies; fire has devoured your bars."
B 3:14
"Draw water for the siege; strengthen your forts;
go into the clay; tread the mortar; take hold of the
brick mold!"
A2 3:15-19
"There will the fire devour you; the sword will
cut you off." Your innumerable merchants, your
princes and scribes fly away. "Your shepherds
are asleep, O king of Assyria; your nobles slumber. Your people are scattered on the mountains
with none to gather them... All who hear the
news about you clap their hands over you. For
upon whom has not come your unceasing evil?"
ִ ‫ ָ֨כּ‬12
‫כּוּרים‬
֑ ִ ‫ם־בּ‬
ִ ‫ל־מ ְב ָצ ַ ֔ריְִך ְתּ ֵא ִנ֖ים ִﬠ‬
‫אוֹכל׃‬
ֽ ֵ ‫ל־פּי‬
֥ ִ ‫ִאם־יִנּ֕ וֹעוּ וְ נָ ְפל֖ וּ ַﬠ‬
‫ ִה ֵ֨נּה ַﬠ ֵ ֤מְּך נָ ִשׁ ֙ים ְבּ ִק ְר ֵ֔בְּך‬13
‫אַר ֵצְ֑ך‬
ְ ‫א ַ֔יְביְִך ָפּ ֥ת ַוֹח נִ ְפ ְתּ ֖חוּ ַשׁ ֲﬠ ֵ ֣רי‬
ֹ ֣ ‫ְל‬
‫יחיִך׃‬
ֽ ָ ‫אָכ ָ ֥לה ֵ ֖אשׁ ְבּ ִר‬
ְ
‫‪1.2. NAHUM'S COLORED HEBREW TEXT STRUCTURE11‬‬
‫י־לְך ַחזְּ ִ ֖ קי ִמ ְב ָצ ָ ֑ריְִך‬
‫צוֹר ַ ֽשׁ ֲא ִב ֔ ָ‬
‫‪֤ ֵ 14‬מי ָמ ֙‬
‫יקי ַמ ְל ֵ ֽבּן׃‬
‫֧בֹּ ִאי ַב ִ ֛טּיט וְ ִר ְמ ִ ֥סי ַב ֖חֹ ֶמר ַה ֲח ִ ֥ז ִ‬
‫אכ ֵלְ֖ך ַכּ ָיּ ֶ֑לק‬
‫יתְך ֶ֔ח ֶרב תּ ֹ ְ‬
‫אכ ֵלְ֣ך ֵ֔אשׁ ַתּ ְכ ִר ֵ ֣‬
‫‪֚ ָ 15‬שׁם תּ ֹ ְ‬
‫אַר ֶ ֽבּה׃‬
‫ִה ְת ַכּ ֵבּ֣ד ַכּ ֶ֔יּ ֶלק ִ ֽה ְת ַכּ ְבּ ִ ֖די ָכּ ְ‬
‫כּוֹכ ֵ ֖בי ַה ָשּׁ ָ ֑מיִם‬
‫‪ִ 16‬ה ְר ֵבּ ֙ית ֽר ֹ ְכ ֔ ַליְִך ִמ ְ‬
‫ֶי ֶ֥לק ָפּ ַ ֖שׁט וַ יָּ ֽﬠֹף׃‬
‫אַר ֶ֔בּה וְ ַט ְפ ְס ַ ֖ריְִך ְכּג֣ וֹב גּ ָ ֹ֑בי‬
‫‪ִ 17‬מנְּ זָ ַ ֙ר ֙יְִך ָ ֽכּ ְ‬
‫רוֹת ְבּי֣ וֹם ָק ָ ֔רה‬
‫חוֹנ֤ים ַבּגְּ ֵד ֙‬
‫ַ ֽה ִ‬
‫אַיּֽם׃‬
‫קוֹמוֹ ָ‬
‫א־נוֹדע ְמ ֖‬
‫נוֹדד וְ ֽל ֹ ַ ֥‬
‫ֶ ֤שׁ ֶמשׁ ָ ֽז ְ ר ָח ֙ה וְ ַ ֔‬
‫יריָך‬
‫אַדּ ֶ ֑‬
‫יִשׁ ְכּנ֖ וּ ִ‬
‫אַשּׁוּר ְ‬
‫‪ 18‬נָ ֤מוּ ר ֙ ֶֹﬠ ֙יָך ֶ ֣מ ֶלְך ֔‬
‫ל־ה ָה ִ ֖רים וְ ֵ ֥אין ְמ ַק ֵ ֽבּץ׃‬
‫נָ ֹ֧פשׁוּ ַﬠ ְמָּך֛ ַﬠ ֶ‬
‫ין־כּ ָ ֣הה ְל ִשׁ ְב ֶ ֔רָך נַ ְח ָל֖ה ַמ ָכּ ֶ ֑תָך‬
‫‪ֵ 19‬א ֵ‬
‫֣כֹּל ׀ שׁ ְֹמ ֵﬠ֣י ִשׁ ְמ ֲﬠ ָ֗ך ָ ֤תּ ְקעוּ ַכ ֙ף ָﬠ ֔ ֶליָך‬
‫א־ﬠ ְב ָ ֥רה ָר ָﬠ ְתָך֖ ָתּ ִ ֽמיד׃‬
‫ל־מי ֽל ֹ ָ‬
‫ִ֗כּי ַﬠ ִ ֛‬